469 results on '"Kawana, Akihiko"'
Search Results
152. Influenza Pneumonia Among Adult Patients In Japan: A Large-Scale Investigation
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Fujikura, Yuji, primary, Kawano, Syuichi, additional, Shinoda, Masahiro, additional, Kouzaki, Yuji, additional, Hara, Yuu, additional, Mikita, Kei, additional, Maeda, Takuya, additional, Shinkai, Masaharu, additional, Kanoh, Soichiro, additional, and Kawana, Akihiko, additional
- Published
- 2011
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153. Pre-Treatment With Clarithromycin Modulates LPS-Stimulated IL-8 Secretion In Association With Modulation Of IL-8 MRNA And ERK In Normal Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
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Shimokawaji, Tadasuke, primary, Shinkai, Masaharu, additional, Arai, Masaaki, additional, Kaneko, Takeshi, additional, Ito, Masaru, additional, Goto, Hideto, additional, yamaguchi, nobuhiro, additional, Inoue, Yoriko, additional, Kawana, Akihiko, additional, Rubin, Bruce K., additional, Ishigatsubo, Yoshiaki, additional, and Takishima, Kunio, additional
- Published
- 2011
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154. An Early Intensive Intervention for Inducing Inactive Asthma in Adults —A One-Year Follow-Up Observation Study—
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Kudo, Koichiro, primary, Arioka, Hiroko, additional, Takeda, Yuichiro, additional, Shimbo, Takuro, additional, Handa, Satoko, additional, Kawana, Akihiko, additional, Kamimura, Mitsuhiro, additional, Yamauchi, Yasuhiro, additional, Nagase, Hiroyuki, additional, Kobayashi, Nobuyuki, additional, Manabe, Toshie, additional, and Kabe, Junzaburo, additional
- Published
- 2011
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155. 1. Antiviral Agents for HIV Infected Patients.
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Fujikura, Yuji, primary and Kawana, Akihiko, additional
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- 2010
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156. Diagnosis at a Glance (Questions and Answer).
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Shinkai, Masaharu, primary and Kawana, Akihiko, additional
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- 2010
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157. Clinical Features in Fatal Spanish Influenza : Japanese Army Hospital Medical Records Investigation
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FUJIKURA, Yuji, primary, KAWANA, Akihiko, additional, KATO, Yasuyuki, additional, MIZUNO, Yasutaka, additional, and KUDO, Koichiro, additional
- Published
- 2010
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158. 現実となった新型インフルエンザパンデミック
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KAWANA, AKIHIKO, primary
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- 2009
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159. “Syndromic Surveillance within a Hospital” for the Early Detection of a Nosocomial Outbreak of Acute Respiratory Infection
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Kawana, Akihiko, primary, Teruya, Katsuji, additional, Kirikae, Teruo, additional, Sekiguchi, Jun-ichiro, additional, Kato, Yasuyuki, additional, Kuroda, Emi, additional, Horii, Kumi, additional, Saito, Sin-ichiro, additional, Ohara, Hiroshi, additional, Kuratsuji, Tadatoshi, additional, Kimura, Satoshi, additional, and Kudo, Koichiro, additional
- Published
- 2006
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160. Pneumoconiosis Associated with an Esophageal Ulcer and Uptake Revealed in FDGPET
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Shukuya, Takehito, primary, Naka, Go, additional, Kawana, Akihiko, additional, Sugiyama, Haruhito, additional, Kobayashi, Nobuyuki, additional, Kudo, Koichiro, additional, Yago, Yuzo, additional, Tamegai, Yoshiro, additional, and Kubota, Kazuo, additional
- Published
- 2006
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161. A Case of Severe Falciparum Malaria Successfully Treated with Intravenous Artesunate and Continuous Hemodiafiltration
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MIZUNO, Yasutaka, primary, FUJIMOTO, Hitomi, additional, YOKOTA, Kyoko, additional, KATO, Yasuyuki, additional, GENKA, Ikumi, additional, KANAGAWA, Shuzo, additional, KAWANA, Akihiko, additional, OKA, Shinichi, additional, KIMURA, Satoshi, additional, KUDO, Koichiro, additional, and KANO, Shigeyuki, additional
- Published
- 2006
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162. Trial Surveillance of Cases with Acute Respiratory Symptoms at IMCJ Hospital
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Kawana, Akihiko, primary, Teruya, Katsuji, additional, Hama, Toshihiro, additional, Kuroda, Emi, additional, Sekiguchi, Jun-ichiro, additional, Kirikae, Teruo, additional, Naka, Goh, additional, Kimura, Satoshi, additional, Kuratsuji, Tadatoshi, additional, Ohara, Hiroshi, additional, and Kudo, Koichiro, additional
- Published
- 2005
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163. Detection of the Antiseptic- and Disinfectant-Resistance Genes qacA, qacB, and qacC in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated in a Tokyo Hospital
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Sekiguchi, Jun-ichiro, primary, Hama, Toshio, additional, Fujino, Tomoko, additional, Araake, Minako, additional, Irie, Atsushi, additional, Saruta, Katsutoshi, additional, Konosaki, Hisami, additional, Nishimura, Haruo, additional, Kawana, Akihiko, additional, Kudo, Koichiro, additional, Kondo, Tatsuya, additional, Sasazuki, Takehiko, additional, Kuratsuji, Tadatoshi, additional, Yoshikura, Hiroshi, additional, and Kirikae, Teruo, additional
- Published
- 2004
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164. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
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KAWANA, Akihiko, primary, TERUYA, Katsuji, additional, and YAMASHITA, Nozomu, additional
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- 2003
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165. Markers of Disease Severity in Patients with Spanish Influenza in the Japanese Armed Forces, 1919-1920.
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Koichiro Kudo, Toshie Manabe, Shinyu Izumi, Jin Takasaki, Yuji Fujikura, Akihiko Kawana, Kenji Yamamoto, Kudo, Koichiro, Manabe, Toshie, Izumi, Shinyu, Takasaki, Jin, Fujikura, Yuji, Kawana, Akihiko, and Yamamoto, Kenji
- Subjects
INFLUENZA pandemic, 1918-1919 ,HOSPITAL admission & discharge ,HEALTH of military personnel ,PNEUMONIA ,ARMED Forces - Abstract
We examined preserved medical charts of 470 Spanish influenza patients (8 with fatal cases) hospitalized at former army hospitals in Japan during 1919-1920. The following factors were associated with longer periods of hospitalization: adventitious discontinuous lung sounds, maximum respiration rate, continuation of high fever after hospital admission, and diphasic fever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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166. A Trial of Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) Nasal Inhalation and Gargling to Remove Potentially Pathogenic Bacteria Colonized in the Pharynx
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KAWANA, Akihiko, primary and KUDO, Koichiro, additional
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- 1999
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167. Mycobacterial Lung Infection in 8 Patients with AIDS: Clinical and Radiological Features
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KAWANA, Akihiko, primary, TOYOTA, Emiko, additional, KOBAYASHI, Nobuyuki, additional, KUDO, Koichiro, additional, GENKA, Ikumi, additional, AOKI, Makoto, additional, KUSUMOTO, Kazuo, additional, and OKA, Shinichi, additional
- Published
- 1998
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168. Early Damage to Lung Tissue after Irradiation Detected by the Magnetic Resonance T 2 Relaxation Time
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Shioya, Sumie, primary, Tsuji, Chizuko, additional, Kurita, Daisaku, additional, Katoh, Hirokazu, additional, Tsuda, Masayuki, additional, Haida, Munetaka, additional, Kawana, Akihiko, additional, and Ohta, Yasuyo, additional
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- 1997
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169. Human herpes virus-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease in an HIV-positive patient presenting with relapsing and remitting hyponatraemia.
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Sasaki, Hiroaki, Maeda, Takuya, Hara, Yu, Osa, Morichika, Imai, Kazuo, Moriguchi, Kota, Mikita, Kei, Fujikura, Yuji, Kaida, Kenichi, and Kawana, Akihiko
- Abstract
We report a case of human herpes virus-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease in an HIV-positive patient with hyponatraemia. A 65-year-old man was admitted with relapsing and remitting fever, scattered skin eruptions and hepatosplenomegaly following combination antiretroviral therapy for his HIV infection. Based on histopathological findings, he was diagnosed as having human herpes virus-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease and was treated with four-weekly infusions of rituximab. Prior to receiving chemotherapy, we observed several suspected biomarkers of disease activity, positive correlations between plasma human herpes virus-8 viral load and the levels of plasma interleukin-6, C-reactive protein and soluble interleukin-2 receptor, and negative correlations between platelet count, albumin levels and especially serum sodium levels. We hypothesize that non-osmotic release of plasma antidiuretic hormone is a cause of hyponatraemia in human herpes virus-8-associated multicentric Castleman's disease and that relapsing and remitting hyponatraemia could be correlated with plasma human herpes virus-8 viral load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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170. Authors' reply to the letter to the editor from Castagnaet al.
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Maki, Yohei, Sano, Tomoya, Kimizuka, Yoshifumi, and Kawana, Akihiko
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COVID-19 ,GERIATRIC assessment ,HOSPITAL mortality ,OLD age - Published
- 2021
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171. Cerebral Syphilitic Gumma in Immunocompetent Man, Japan.
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Tatsuya Kodama, Hidenori Sato, Morichika Osa, Yuji Fujikura, Akihiko Kawana, Kodama, Tatsuya, Sato, Hidenori, Osa, Morichika, Fujikura, Yuji, and Kawana, Akihiko
- Subjects
IMMUNOCOMPETENT cells ,CELL growth ,SYPHILIS ,PATIENTS ,DISEASE risk factors - Abstract
Although cerebral syphilitic gummas are generally considered to be rare manifestations of tertiary syphilis, many reports exist of early cerebral syphilitic gumma. Our finding of cerebral syphilitic gumma in an HIV-negative man within 5 months after syphilis infection suggests that this condition should be considered in syphilis patients who have neurologic symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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172. Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19
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Niemi, Mari E. K., Karjalainen, Juha, Liao, Rachel G., Daly, Mark, Ganna, Andrea, Pathak, Gita A., Andrews, Shea J., Kanai, Masahiro, Veerapen, Kumar, Fernandez-Cadenas, Israel, Schulte, Eva C., Striano, Pasquale, Marttila, Minttu, Minica, Camelia, Marouli, Eirini, Karim, Mohd Anisul, Wendt, Frank R., Savage, Jeanne, Sloofman, Laura, Butler-Laporte, Guillaume, Kim, Han-Na, Kanoni, Stavroula, Okada, Yukinori, Byun, Jinyoung, Han, Younghun, Uddin, Mohammed Jashim, Smith, George Davey, Willer, Cristen J., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Mehtonen, Juha, Finucane, Hilary, Cordioli, Mattia, Martin, Alicia R., Zhou, Wei, Pasaniuc, Bogdan, Julienne, Hanna, Aschard, Hugues, Shi, Huwenbo, Yengo, Loic, Polimanti, Renato, Ghoussaini, Maya, Schwartzentruber, Jeremy, Dunham, Ian, Chwialkowska, Karolina, Francescatto, Margherita, Trankiem, Amy, Balaconis, Mary K., Davis, Lea, Lee, Sulggi, Priest, James, Renieri, Alessandra, Sankaran, Vijay G., Van Heel, David, Deelen, Patrick, Richards, J. Brent, Nakanishi, Tomoko, Biesecker, Les, Kerchberger, V. Eric, Baillie, J. Kenneth, Mari, Francesca, Bernasconi, Anna, Baillie, Stefano Ceri, Canakoglu, Arif, Wolford, Brooke, Faucon, Annika, Dutta, Atanu Kumar, Schurmann, Claudia, Harry, Emi, Birney, Ewan, Nguyen, Huy, Nasir, Jamal, Kaunisto, Mari, Solomonson, Matthew, Dueker, Nicole, Vadgama, Nirmal, Limou, Sophie, Rahmouni, Souad, Mbarek, Hamdi, Darwish, Dima, Uddin, Md Mesbah, Albertos, Raquel, P��rez-Tur, Jordi, Li, Ruolin, Folkersen, Lasse, Moltke, Ida, Koelling, Nils, Teumer, Alexander, Kousathanas, Athanasios, Utrilla, Alicia, Verdugo, Ricardo A., Z��rate, Ruth, Medina-G��mez, Carolina, G��mez-Cabrero, David, Carnero-Montoro, Elena, Cadilla, Carmen L., Moreno-Estrada, Andr��s, Garmendia, Adriana, Moya, Leire, Sedaghati-Khayat, Bahar, Boua, Palwend�� Romuald, Fav��, Marie-Julie, Francioli, Laurent, Lema��on, Audrey, Migeotte, Isabelle, Patel, Sanjay, Varnai, Reka, Szentpeteri, Jozsef L., Sipeky, Csilla, Colombo, Francesca, Von Hohenstaufen, Kathrin, Lio, Pietro, Vallerga, Costanza, Wang, Qingbo, Tanigawa, Yosuke, Im, Hogune, Han, Chulho, Song, Han, Lim, Jiwoo, Lee, Younhe, Kim, Sugyeong, Im, Sangyoon, Atanasovska, Biljana, Ahmad, Hajar Fauzan, Boer, Cindy, Jansen, Philip, Franke, Lude, Kaja, El��bieta, Pasko, Dorota, Kennis-Szilagyi, Ingrid, Kornilov, Sergey A., Prijatelj, Vid, Proki��, Ivana, Sivanadhan, Ilangkumaran, Perumal, Sarala, Esmaeeli, Sahar, Pearson, Nathaniel M., Auton, Adam, Shelton, Janie F., Shastri, Anjali J., Filshtein-Sonmez, Teresa, Coker, Daniella, Symons, Antony, Esparza-Gordillo, Jorge, Aslibekyan, Stella, O���Connell, Jared, Ye, Chelsea, Weldon, Catherine H., Perera, Minoli, O���Leary, Kevin, Tuck, Matthew, O���Brien, Travis, Meltzer, David, O���Donnell, Peter, Nutescu, Edith, Yang, Guang, Alarcon, Cristina, Herrmann, Stefanie, Mazurek, Sophia, Banagan, Jeff, Hamidi, Zacharia, Barbour, April, Raffat, Noora, Moreno, Diana, Friedman, Paula, Ferwerda, Bart, Van De Beek, Diederik, Brouwer, Matthijs C., Vlaar, Alexander P. J., Wiersinga, W. Joost, Posthuma, Danielle, Tissink, Elleke, Koos Zwinderman, A. H., Uffelmann, Emil, Van Agtmael, Michiel, Algera, Anne Geke, Van Baarle, Frank, Bax, Diane, Beudel, Martijn, Jan Bogaard, Harm, Bomers, Marije, Bonta, Peter I., Bos, Lieuwe, Botta, Michela, De Brabander, Justin, De Bree, Godelieve, De Bruin, Sanne, Bugiani, Marianna, Bulle, Esther, Chouchane, Osoul, Cloherty, Alex, Dongelmans, Dave, Elbers, Paul, Fleuren, Lucas, Geerlings, Suzanne, Geerts, Bart, Geijtenbeek, Theo, Girbes, Armand, Goorhuis, Bram, Grobusch, Martin P., Hafkamp, Florianne, Hagens, Laura, Hamann, Jorg, Harris, Vanessa, Hemke, Robert, Hermans, Sabine M., Heunks, Leo, Hollmann, Markus, Horn, Janneke, Hovius, Joppe W., De Jong, Menno D., Koning, Rutger, Van Mourik, Niels, Nellen, Jeannine, Nossent, Esther J., Paulus, Frederique, Peters, Edgar, Van Der Poll, Tom, Preckel, Bennedikt, Prins, Jan M., Raasveld, Jorinde, Reijnders, Tom, Schinkel, Michiel, Schultz, Marcus J., Schuurman, Alex, Sigaloff, Kim, Smit, Marry, Stijnis, Cornelis S., Stilma, Willemke, Teunissen, Charlotte, Thoral, Patrick, Tsonas, Anissa, Van Der Valk, Marc, Veelo, Denise, De Vries, Heder, Van Vugt, Mich��le, Wouters, Dorien, Minnaar, Ren�� P., Kromhout, Adrie, Van Uffelen, Kees W. J., Wolterman, Ruud A., Roberts, Genevieve, Park, Danny, Ball, Catherine A., Coignet, Marie, McCurdy, Shannon, Knight, Spencer, Partha, Raghavendran, Rhead, Brooke, Zhang, Miao, Berkowitz, Nathan, Gaddis, Michael, Noto, Keith, Ruiz, Luong, Pavlovic, Milos, Hong, Eurie L., Rand, Kristin, Girshick, Ahna, Guturu, Harendra, Baltzell, Asher Haug, Guntz, Julien, Beguin, Yves, Pigazzini, Sara, Nkambule, Lindokuhle, Bouysran, Youssef, Busson, Adeline, Peyrassol, Xavier, Wilkin, Fran��oise, Pichon, Bruno, Smits, Guillaume, Vandernoot, Isabelle, Goffard, Jean-Christophe, Georges, Michel, Moutschen, Michel, Misset, Benoit, Darcis, Gilles, Guiot, Julien, Jadot, Laurent, Azarzar, Samira, Dellot, Patricia, Gofflot, St��phanie, Claassen, Sabine, Bertrand, Axelle, Parzibut, Gilles, Clarinval, Mathilde, Moermans, Catherine, Malaise, Olivier, El Kandoussi, Kamilia, Thonon, Rapha��l, Huynen, Pascale, Mesdagh, Alyssia, Melo, Sofia, Jacques, Nicolas, Di Valentin, Emmanuel, Giroule, Fran��ois, Collignon, Alice, Radermecker, Coraline, Lebrun, Marielle, Per��e, H��l��ne, Latour, Samuel, Barada, Olivia, Sanchez, Judit, Josse, Claire, Boujemla, Bouchra, Meunier, Margot, Mariavelle, Emeline, Anania, Sandy, Gazon, H��l��ne, Juszczak, Danusia, Fadeur, Marjorie, Camby, S��verine, Meuris, Christelle, Thys, Marie, Jacques, Jessica, Henket, Monique, L��onard, Philippe, Frippiat, Frederic, Giot, Jean-Baptiste, Sauvage, Anne-Sophie, Von Frenckell, Christian, Mni, Myriam, W��ry, Marie, Staderoli, Alicia, Belhaj, Yasmine, Lambermont, Bernard, Morrison, David R., Mooser, Vincent, Forgetta, Vincenzo, Li, Rui, Ghosh, Biswarup, Laurent, Laetitia, Belisle, Alexandre, Henry, Danielle, Abdullah, Tala, Adeleye, Olumide, Mamlouk, Noor, Kimchi, Nofar, Afrasiabi, Zaman, Rezk, Nardin, Vulesevic, Branka, Bouab, Meriem, Guzman, Charlotte, Petitjean, Louis, Tselios, Chris, Xue, Xiaoqing, Afilalo, Jonathan, Afilalo, Marc, Oliveira, Maureen, Brenner, Bluma, Brassard, Nathalie, Durand, Madeleine, Schurr, Erwin, Lepage, Pierre, Ragoussis, Jiannis, Auld, Daniel, Chass��, Micha��l, Kaufmann, Daniel E., Lathrop, G. Mark, Adra, Darin, Davis, Lea K., Cox, Nancy J., Below, Jennifer E., Sealock, Julia M., Faucon, Annika B., Shuey, Megan M., Polikowsky, Hannah G., Petty, Lauren E., Shaw, Douglas M., Chen, Hung-Hsin, Zhu, Wanying, Ludwig, Kerstin U., Schr��der, Julia, Maj, Carlo, Rolker, Selina, N��then, Markus M., Fazaal, Julia, Keitel, Verena, Jensen, Bj��rn-Erik Ole, Feldt, Torsten, Kurth, Ingo, Marx, Nikolaus, Dreher, Michael, Pink, Isabell, Cornberg, Markus, Illig, Thomas, Lehmann, Clara, Schommers, Philipp, Augustin, Max, Rybniker, Jan, Knopp, Lisa, Eggermann, Thomas, Volland, Sonja, Altm��ller, Janine, Berger, Marc M., Brenner, Thorsten, Hinney, Anke, Witzke, Oliver, Bals, Robert, Herr, Christian, Ludwig, Nicole, Walter, J��rn, Fuchsberger, Christian, Pattaro, Cristian, De Grandi, Alessandro, Pramstaller, Peter, Emmert, David, Melotti, Roberto, Foco, Luisa, Mascalzoni, Deborah, G��gele, Martin, Domingues, Francisco, Hicks, Andrew, Gignoux, Christopher R., Wicks, Stephen J., Crooks, Kristy, Barnes, Kathleen C., Daya, Michelle, Shortt, Jonathan, Rafaels, Nicholas, Chavan, Sameer, Goldstein, David B., Kiryluk, Krzysztof, Sengupta, Soumitra, Chung, Wendy, Reilly, Muredach P., Khan, Atlas, Wang, Chen, Povysil, Gundula, Bhardwaj, Nitin, Gharavi, Ali G., Ionita-Laza, Iuliana, Shang, Ning, O���Byrne, Sheila M., Nandakumar, Renu, Menon, Amritha, So, Yat S., Hod, Eldad, Pendrick, Danielle, Park, Soo-Kyung, Kim, Hyung-Lae, Kang, Chang Kyung, Lee, Hyo-Jung, Song, Kyoung-Ho, Jae Yoon, Kyung, Paik, Nam-Jong, Seok, Woojin, Yoon, Heejun, Joo, Eun-Jeong, Chang, Yoosoo, Ryu, Seungho, Park, Wan Beom, Su Park, Jeong, Un Park, Kyoung, Ham, Sin Young, Jung, Jongtak, Kim, Eu Suk, Kim, Hong Bin, Ellinghaus, David, Degenhardt, Frauke, C��ceres, Mario, Juzenas, Simonas, Lenz, Tobias L., Albillos, Agust��n, Juli��, Antonio, Heidecker, Bettina, Garcia, Federico, Kurth, Florian, Tran, Florian, Hanses, Frank, Zoller, Heinz, Holter, Jan C., Fern��ndez, Javier, Sander, Leif Erik, Rosenstiel, Philip, Koehler, Philipp, De Cid, Rafael, Asselta, Rosanna, Schreiber, Stefan, Hehr, Ute, Prati, Daniele, Baselli, Guido, Valenti, Luca, Bujanda, Luis, Banales, Jesus M., Duga, Stefano, D���Amato, Mauro, Romero-G��mez, Manuel, Buti, Maria, Invernizzi, Pietro, Franke, Andre, Hov, Johannes R., Karlsen, Tom H., Folseraas, Trine, Maya-Miles, Douglas, Teles, Ana, Azuure, Clinton, Wacker, Eike Matthias, Uellendahl-Werth, Florian, ElAbd, Hesham, Arora, Jatin, Lerga-Jaso, Jon, Wienbrandt, Lars, R��hlemann, Malte Christoph, Wendorff, Mareike, Vadla, May Sissel, Lenning, Ole Bernt, ��zer, Onur, Myhre, Ronny, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, Tanck, Anja, Gassner, Christoph, Hemmrich-Stanisak, Georg, K��ssens, Jan, Figuera Basso, Maria E., Schulzky, Martin, Wittig, Michael, Braun, Nicole, Wesse, Tanja, Albrecht, Wolfgang, Yi, Xiaoli, Ortiz, Aaron Blandino, Chercoles, Adolfo Garrido, Ruiz, Agust��n, Mantovani, Alberto, Holten, Aleksander Rygh, Mayer, Alena, Cherubini, Alessandro, Protti, Alessandro, Aghemo, Alessio, Gerussi, Alessio, Ramirez, Alfredo, Braun, Alice, Barreira, Ana, Lleo, Ana, Kildal, Anders Benjamin, Gl��ck, Andreas, Nolla, Anna Carreras, Latiano, Anna, Dyrhol-Riise, Anne Ma, Muscatello, Antonio, Voza, Antonio, Rando-Segura, Ariadna, Solier, Aurora, Karina, Banasik, Cortes, Beatriz, Mateos, Beatriz, Nafria-Jimenez, Beatriz, Schaefer, Benedikt, Bellinghausen, Carla, Ferrando, Carlos, Quereda, Carmen, Skurk, Carsten, Thibeault, Charlotte, Spinner, Christoph D., Lange, Christoph, Hu, Cinzia, Cappadona, Claudio, Bianco, Cristiana, Sancho, Cristina, Lihaug Hoff, Dag Arne, Galimberti, Daniela, Jim��nez, David, Pesta��a, David, Toapanta, David, Azzolini, Elena, Scarpini, Elio, Helbig, Elisa T., Urrechaga, Eloisa, Paraboschi, Elvezia Maria, Pontali, Emanuele, Reverter, Enric, Navas, Enrique, Arana, Eunate, S��nchez, F��lix Garc��a, Ceriotti, Ferruccio, Malvestiti, Francesco, Mesonero, Francisco, Pezzoli, Gianni, Lamorte, Giuseppe, Neb, Holger, My, Ilaria, Hern��ndez, Isabel, De Rojas, Itziar, Galv��n-Femenia, Iv��n, Heyckendorf, Jan, Badia, Joan Ramon, Schneider, Jochen, Goikoetxea, Josune, Kraft, Julia, M��ller, Karl Erik, Gaede, Karoline I., Garcia-Etxebarria, Koldo, Tonby, Kristian, Heggelund, Lars, Izquierdo-Sanchez, Laura, Sumoy, Lauro, Lippert, Lena J., Terranova, Leonardo, Garbarino, Lucia, T��llez, Luis, Roade, Luisa, Ostadreza, Mahnoosh, Intxausti, Maider, Kogevinas, Manolis, Guti��rrez-Stampa, Mar��a A., Vehreschild, Maria J. G. T., Marqui��, Marta, Castoldi, Massimo, Cecconi, Maurizio, Boada, Merc��, Seilmaier, Michael J., Mazzocco, Michela, Rodr��guez-Gand��a, Miguel, Ayo, Natale Imaz, Blay, Natalia, Mart��nez, Nilda, Cornely, Oliver A., Palmieri, Orazio, Tentorio, Paolo, Rodrigues, Pedro M., Espa��a, Pedro P., Hoffmann, Per, Bacher, Petra, Suwalski, Phillip, De Pablo, Ra��l, Nieto, Rosa, Badalamenti, Salvatore, Ciesek, Sandra, Bombace, Sara, Wilfling, Sibylle, Brunak, S��ren, Heilmann-Heimbach, Stefanie, Ripke, Stephan, Bahmer, Thomas, Landmesser, Ulf, Protzer, Ulrike, Rimoldi, Valeria, Skogen, Vegard, Andrade, Victor, Moreno, Victor, Poller, Wolfgang, Farre, Xavier, Wang, Xiaomin, Khodamoradi, Yascha, Karadeniz, Zehra, De Salazar, Adolfo, Palom, Adriana, Garcia-Fernandez, Alba-Estela, Blanco-Grau, Albert, Zanella, Alberto, Bandera, Alessandra, Nebel, Almut, Biondi, Andrea, Caballero-Garralda, Andrea, Gori, Andrea, Lind, Andreas, Fracanzani, Anna Ludovica, Peschuck, Anna, Pesenti, Antonio, De La Horra, Carmen, Milani, Chiara, Paccapelo, Cinzia, Angelini, Claudio, Cea, Cristina, Mu��iz-Diaz, Eduardo, Sandoval, Elena, Calder��n, Enrique J., Sollig��rd, Erik, Aziz, F��tima, Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo, Peyvandi, Flora, Blasi, Francesco, Medrano, Francisco J., Rodriguez-Frias, Francisco, M��ller, Fredrik, Grasselli, Giacomo, Costantino, Giorgio, Cardamone, Giulia, Foti, Giuseppe, Matullo, Giuseppe, Kurihara, Hayato, Afset, Jan Egil, Dam��s, Jan Kristian, Ampuero, Javier, Mart��n, Javier, Erdmann, Jeanette, Bergan, Jonas, Goerg, Siegfried, Ferrusqu��a-Acosta, Jose, Quero, Jose Hern��ndez, Delgado, Juan, Guerrero, Juan M., Risnes, Kari, Bettini, Laura Rachele, Moreira, Leticia, Gustad, Lise Tuset, Santoro, Luigi, Scudeller, Luigia, Riveiro-Barciela, Mar, Schaefer, Marco, Carrabba, Maria, Valsecchi, Maria G., Hernandez-Tejero, Mar��a, Acosta-Herrera, Marialbert, D���Angi��, Mariella, Baldini, Marina, Cazzaniga, Marina, Ciccarelli, Michele, Bocciolone, Monica, Miozzo, Monica, Chueca, Natalia, Montano, Nicola, Faverio, Paola, Preatoni, Paoletta, Bonfanti, Paolo, Omodei, Paolo, Castro, Pedro, Ferrer, Ricard, Gualtierotti, Roberta, Gallego-Dur��n, Roc��o, Morilla, Rub��n, Haider, Sammra, Marsal, Sara, Aneli, Serena, Pelusi, Serena, Bosari, Silvano, Aliberti, Stefano, Dudman, Susanne, Zheng, Tenghao, Pumarola, Tomas, Cejudo, Trinidad Gonzalez, Monzani, Valter, Friaza, Vicente, Peter, Wolfgang, Dopazo, Ximo, May, Sandra, Grimsrud, Marit M., Gudbjartsson, Daniel F., Stefansson, Kari, Sulem, Patrick, Sveinbjornsson, Gardar, Melsted, Pall, Norddahl, Gudmundur, Swerford Moore, Kristjan Helgi, Thorsteinsdottir, Unnur, Holm, Hilma, Alarc��n-Riquelme, Marta E., Bernardo, David, Mart��nez-Bueno, Manuel, Rello, Silvia Rojo, Magi, Reedik, Milani, Lili, Metspalu, Andres, Laisk, Triin, L��ll, Kristi, Lepamets, Maarja, Esko, T��nu, Reimann, Ene, Naaber, Paul, Laane, Edward, Pesukova, Jaana, Peterson, P��rt, Kisand, Kai, Tabri, Jekaterina, Allos, Raili, Hensen, Kati, Starkopf, Joel, Ringmets, Inge, Tamm, Anu, Kallaste, Anne, Alavere, Helene, Metsalu, Kristjan, Puusepp, Mairo, Kristiansson, Kati, Koskelainen, Sami, Perola, Markus, Donner, Kati, Kivinen, Katja, Palotie, Aarno, Rivolta, Carlo, Bochud, Pierre-Yves, Bibert, St��phanie, Boillat, No��mie, Nussle, Semira Gonseth, Albrich, Werner, Quinodoz, Mathieu, Kamdar, Dhryata, Suh, No��mie, Neofytos, Dionysios, Erard, V��ronique, Voide, Cathy, Bochud, P. Y., Rivolta, C., Bibert, S., Quinodoz, M., Kamdar, D., Neofytos, D., Erard, V., Voide, C., Friolet, R., Vollenweider, P., Pagani, J. L., Oddo, M., Zu Bentrup, F. Meyer, Conen, A., Clerc, O., Marchetti, O., Guillet, A., Guyat-Jacques, C., Foucras, S., Rime, M., Chassot, J., Jaquet, M., Viollet, R. Merlet, Lannepoudenx, Y., Portopena, L., Desgranges, F., Filippidis, P., Gu��ry, B., Haefliger, D., Kampouri, E. E., Manuel, O., Munting, A., Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, M., Regina, J., Rochat-Stettler, L., Suttels, V., Tadini, E., Tschopp, J., Van Singer, M., Viala, B., Boillat-Blanco, N., Brahier, T., H��gli, O., Meuwly, J. Y., Pantet, O., Nussle, S. Gonseth, Bochud, M., D���Acremont, V., Younes, S. Estoppey, Albrich, W. C., Suh, N., Cerny, A., O���Mahony, L., Von Mering, C., Frischknecht, M., Kleger, G.-R., Filipovic, M., Kahlert, C. R., Wozniak, H., Negro, T. Rochat, Pugin, J., Bouras, K., Knapp, C., Egger, T., Perret, A., Montillier, P., Di Bartolomeo, C., Barda, B., Carreras, Anna, Galv��n-Femen��a, Iv��n, Farr��, Xavier, Cort��s, Beatriz, Mercader, Josep Maria, Guindo-Martinez, Marta, Torrents, David, Garcia-Aymerich, Judith, Casta��o-Vinyals, Gemma, Doba��o, Carlota, Gori, Marco, Mondelli, Mario Umberto, Castelli, Francesco, Vaghi, Massimo, Rusconi, Stefano, Montagnani, Francesca, Bargagli, Elena, Franchi, Federico, Mazzei, Maria Antonietta, Cantarini, Luca, Tacconi, Danilo, Feri, Marco, Scala, Raffaele, Spargi, Genni, Nencioni, Cesira, Bandini, Maria, Caldarelli, Gian Piero, Spagnesi, Maurizio, Canaccini, Anna, Ognibene, Agostino, D���Arminio Monforte, Antonella, Girardis, Massimo, Antinori, Andrea, Francisci, Daniela, Schiaroli, Elisabetta, Scotton, Pier Giorgio, Panese, Sandro, Scaggiante, Renzo, Monica, Matteo Della, Capasso, Mario, Fiorentino, Giuseppe, Castori, Marco, Aucella, Filippo, Di Biagio, Antonio, Masucci, Luca, Valente, Serafina, Mandal��, Marco, Zucchi, Patrizia, Giannattasio, Ferdinando, Coviello, Domenico A., Mussini, Cristina, Bosio, Giancarlo, Tavecchia, Luisa, Crotti, Lia, Rizzi, Marco, La Rovere, Maria Teresa, Sarzi-Braga, Simona, Bussotti, Maurizio, Ravaglia, Sabrina, Artuso, Rosangela, Perrella, Antonio, Romani, Davide, Bergomi, Paola, Catena, Emanuele, Vincenti, Antonella, Ferri, Claudio, Grassi, Davide, Pessina, Gloria, Tumbarello, Mario, Di Pietro, Massimo, Sabrina, Ravaglia, Luchi, Sauro, Barbieri, Chiara, Acquilini, Donatella, Andreucci, Elena, Paciosi, Francesco, Segala, Francesco Vladimiro, Tiseo, Giusy, Falcone, Marco, Lista, Mirjam, Poscente, Monica, De Vivo, Oreste, Petrocelli, Paola, Guarnaccia, Alessandra, Baroni, Silvia, Perticaroli, Valentina, Furini, Simone, Dei, Simona, Benetti, Elisa, Picchiotti, Nicola, Sanarico, Maurizio, Ceri, Stefano, Pinoli, Pietro, Raimondi, Francesco, Biscarini, Filippo, Stella, Alessandra, Bergomi, Mattia, Zguro, Kristina, Capitani, Katia, Tanfoni, Marco, Fallerini, Chiara, Daga, Sergio, Baldassarri, Margherita, Fava, Francesca, Frullanti, Elisa, Valentino, Floriana, Doddato, Gabriella, Giliberti, Annarita, Tita, Rossella, Amitrano, Sara, Bruttini, Mirella, Croci, Susanna, Meloni, Ilaria, Mencarelli, Maria Antonietta, Lo Rizzo, Caterina, Pinto, Anna Maria, Beligni, Giada, Tommasi, Andrea, Di Sarno, Laura, Palmieri, Maria, Carriero, Miriam Lucia, Alaverdian, Diana, Iuso, Nicola, Inchingolo, Gabriele, Busani, Stefano, Bruno, Raffaele, Vecchia, Marco, Belli, Mary Ann, Mantovani, Stefania, Ludovisi, Serena, Quiros-Roldan, Eugenia, Antoni, Melania Degli, Zanella, Isabella, Siano, Matteo, Emiliozzi, Arianna, Fabbiani, Massimiliano, Rossetti, Barbara, Zanelli, Giacomo, Bergantini, Laura, D���Alessandro, Miriana, Cameli, Paolo, Bennet, David, Anedda, Federico, Marcantonio, Simona, Scolletta, Sabino, Guerrini, Susanna, Conticini, Edoardo, Frediani, Bruno, Spertilli, Chiara, Donati, Alice, Guidelli, Luca, Corridi, Marta, Croci, Leonardo, Piacentini, Paolo, Desanctis, Elena, Cappelli, Silvia, Verzuri, Agnese, Anemoli, Valentina, Pancrazi, Alessandro, Lorubbio, Maria, Merlini, Esther, Miraglia, Federica Gaia, Venturelli, Sophie, Cossarizza, Andrea, Vergori, Alessandra, Gabrieli, Arianna, Riva, Agostino, Andretta, Francesca, Gatti, Francesca, Parisi, Saverio Giuseppe, Baratti, Stefano, Piscopo, Carmelo, Russo, Roberta, Andolfo, Immacolata, Iolascon, Achille, Carella, Massimo, Merla, Giuseppe, Squeo, Gabriella Maria, Raggi, Pamela, Marciano, Carmen, Perna, Rita, Bassetti, Matteo, Sanguinetti, Maurizio, Giorli, Alessia, Salerni, Lorenzo, Parravicini, Pierpaolo, Menatti, Elisabetta, Trotta, Tullio, Coiro, Gabriella, Lena, Fabio, Martinelli, Enrico, Mancarella, Sandro, Gabbi, Chiara, Maggiolo, Franco, Ripamonti, Diego, Bachetti, Tiziana, Suardi, Claudia, Parati, Gianfranco, Bott��, Giordano, Di Domenico, Paolo, Rancan, Ilaria, Bianchi, Francesco, Colombo, Riccardo, Van Heel, David A., Hunt, Karen A., Trembath, Richard C., Huang, Qin Qin, Martin, Hilary C., Mason, Dan, Trivedi, Bhavi, Wright, John, Finer, Sarah, Griffiths, Christopher J., Akhtar, Shaheen, Anwar, Mohammad, Arciero, Elena, Ashraf, Samina, Breen, Gerome, Chung, Raymond, Curtis, Charles J., Chowdhury, Maharun, Colligan, Grainne, Deloukas, Panos, Durham, Ceri, Griffiths, Chris, Hurles, Matt, Hussain, Shapna, Islam, Kamrul, Khan, Ahsan, Khan, Amara, Lavery, Cath, Lee, Sang Hyuck, Lerner, Robin, MacArthur, Daniel, MacLaughlin, Bev, Martin, Hilary, Miah, Shefa, Newman, Bill, Safa, Nishat, Tahmasebi, Farah, Smith, Albert V., Boughton, Andrew P., Li, Kevin W., LeFaive, Jonathon, Annis, Aubrey, Jannes, Cinthia E., Krieger, Jose E., Pereira, Alexandre C., Velho, Mariliza, Marques, Emanuelle, Lima, Isabella Ramos, Tada, Mauricio Teruo, Valino, Karina, McCarthy, Mark, Rosenberger, Carrie, Lee, Jong Eun, Chang, Diana, Hammer, Christian, Hunkapiller, Julie, Mahajan, Anubha, Pendergrass, Sarah, Sucheston-Campbell, Lara, Yaspan, Brian, Lee, Hyun Soo, Shin, Eunsoon, Jang, Hye Yoon, Kim, Sunmie, Kym, Sungmin, Kim, Yeon-Sook, Jeong, Hyeongseok, Kwon, Ki Tae, Kim, Shin-Woo, Kim, Jin Yong, Jang, Young Rock, Kim, Hyun Ah, Lee, Ji Yeon, Lee, Jeong Eun, Lee, Shinwon, Choe, Kang-Won, Kang, Yu Min, Jee, Sun Ha, Jung, Keum Ji, Parikh, Victoria, Ashley, Euan, Wheeler, Matthew, Rivas, Manuel, Bustamante, Carlos, Pinksy, Benjamin, Febbo, Phillip, Farh, Kyle, Schroth, Gary P., DeSouza, Francis, Dalton, Karen, Christle, Jeff, Deboever, Christopher, Szalma, S��ndor, Rubinacci, Simone, Delaneau, Olivier, Gorzynski, John, De Jong, Hannah, Sutton, Shirley, Youlton, Nathan, Joshi, Ruchi, Jimenez-Morales, David, Hughes, Christopher, Amar, David, Ioannidis, Alex, Hershman, Steve, Kirillova, Anna, Seo, Kinya, Huang, Yong, Shoura, Massa, Hammond, Nathan, Watson, Nathaniel, Raja, Archana, Huang, ChunHong, Sahoo, Malaya, Wang, Hannah, Zhen, Jimmy, Rakitko, Alexander, Ilinsky, Valery, Yermakovich, Danat, Popov, Iaroslav, Chernitsov, Alexander, Kovalenko, Elena, Krasnenko, Anna, Plotnikov, Nikolay, Stetsenko, Ivan, Kim, Anna, Cirulli, Elizabeth T., Schiabor Barrett, Kelly M., Bolze, Alexandre, White, Simon, Washington, Nicole L., Lu, James T., Riffle, Stephen, Tanudjaja, Francisco, Wang, Xueqing, Ramirez, Jimmy M., Leonetti, Nicole, Sandoval, Efren, Neveux, Iva, Dabe, Shaun, Grzymski, Joseph J., Esteban Mi��ano, Juan Ignacio, Aguirre, Luis A., L��pez-Collazo, Eduardo, De La Mata Pazos, Manuel, Cerrato, Luciano, Lozano-Rodr��guez, Roberto, Avenda��o-Ortiz, Jos��, Arcos, Ver��nica Terr��n, Montalb��n-Hern��ndez, Karla Marina, Quiroga, Jaime Valent��n, Pascual-Iglesias, Alejandro, Maroun-Eid, Charbel, Mart��n-Quir��s, Alejandro, Namkoong, Ho, Imoto, Seiya, Katayama, Kazuhiko, Fukunaga, Koichi, Kitagawa, Yuko, Sato, Toshiro, Hasegawa, Naoki, Kumanogoh, Atsushi, Kimura, Akinori, Ai, Masumi, Tokunaga, Katsushi, Kanai, Takanori, Miyano, Satoru, Ogawa, Seishi, Edahiro, Ryuya, Sonehara, Kyuto, Shirai, Yuya, Ishii, Makoto, Kabata, Hiroki, Masaki, Katsunori, Kamata, Hirofumi, Ikemura, Shinnosuke, Chubachi, Shotaro, Okamori, Satoshi, Terai, Hideki, Tanaka, Hiromu, Morita, Atsuho, Lee, Ho, Asakura, Takanori, Sasaki, Junichi, Morisaki, Hiroshi, Uwamino, Yoshifumi, Nanki, Kosaku, Mikami, Yohei, Tomono, Kazunori, Kato, Kazuto, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Takahashi, Meiko, Hizawa, Nobuyuki, Takeda, Yoshito, Hirata, Haruhiko, Shiroyama, Takayuki, Miyawaki, Satoru, Suzuki, Ken, Maeda, Yuichi, Nii, Takuro, Noda, Yoshimi, Niitsu, Takayuki, Adachi, Yuichi, Enomoto, Takatoshi, Amiya, Saori, Hara, Reina, Takahashi, Kunihiko, Anzai, Tatsuhiko, Hasegawa, Takanori, Ito, Satoshi, Koike, Ryuji, Endo, Akifumi, Uchimura, Yuji, Miyazaki, Yasunari, Honda, Takayuki, Tateishi, Tomoya, Tohda, Shuji, Ichimura, Naoya, Sonobe, Kazunari, Sassa, Chihiro, Nakajima, Jun, Nannya, Yasuhito, Omae, Yosuke, Takahashi, Kazuhisa, Harada, Norihiro, Hiki, Makoto, Takagi, Haruhi, Nakamura, Ai, Tagaya, Etsuko, Kawana, Masatoshi, Arimura, Ken, Ishiguro, Takashi, Takayanagi, Noboru, Isono, Taisuke, Takaku, Yotaro, Takano, Kenji, Anan, Ryusuke, Nakajima, Yukiko, Nakano, Yasushi, Nishio, Kazumi, Ueda, Soichiro, Hayashi, Reina, Tateno, Hiroki, Hase, Isano, Yoshida, Shuichi, Suzuki, Shoji, Mitamura, Keiko, Saito, Fumitake, Ueda, Tetsuya, Azuma, Masanori, Nagasaki, Tadao, Yasui, Yoshinori, Hasegawa, Yoshinori, Mutoh, Yoshikazu, Yoshiyama, Takashi, Shoko, Tomohisa, Kojima, Mitsuaki, Adachi, Tomohiro, Ishikawa, Motonao, Takahashi, Kenichiro, Watanabe, Kazuyoshi, Manabe, Tadashi, Ito, Fumimaro, Fukui, Takahiro, Funatsu, Yohei, Koh, Hidefumi, Hirai, Yoshihiro, Kawashima, Hidetoshi, Narita, Atsuya, Niwa, Kazuki, Sekikawa, Yoshiyuki, Saito, Fukuki, Yoshiya, Kazuhisa, Yoshihara, Tomoyuki, Suzuki, Yusuke, Nakayama, Sohei, Masuzawa, Keita, Nishi, Koichi, Nishitsuji, Masaru, Tani, Maiko, Inoue, Takashi, Hirano, Toshiyuki, Kobayashi, Keigo, Miyazawa, Naoki, Kimura, Yasuhiro, Sado, Reiko, Ogura, Takashi, Kitamura, Hideya, Murohashi, Kota, Nakachi, Ichiro, Baba, Rie, Arai, Daisuke, Fuke, Satoshi, Saito, Hiroshi, Kuwahara, Naota, Fujiwara, Akiko, Okada, Takenori, Baba, Tomoya, Noda, Junya, Mashimo, Shuko, Yagi, Kazuma, Shiomi, Tetsuya, Hashiguchi, Mizuha, Odani, Toshio, Mochimaru, Takao, Oyamada, Yoshitaka, Mori, Nobuaki, Izumi, Namiki, Nagata, Kaoru, Taki, Reiko, Murakami, Koji, Yamada, Mitsuhiro, Sugiura, Hisatoshi, Hayashi, Kentaro, Shimizu, Tetsuo, Gon, Yasuhiro, Fujitani, Shigeki, Tsuchida, Tomoya, Yoshida, Toru, Kagaya, Takashi, Kita, Toshiyuki, Sakagami, Satoru, Kimizuka, Yoshifumi, Kawana, Akihiko, Nakamura, Yoshihiko, Ishikura, Hiroyasu, Takata, Tohru, Kikuchi, Takahide, Taniyama, Daisuke, Nakamura, Morio, Kodama, Nobuhiro, Kaneyama, Yasunari, Maeda, Shunsuke, Nagasaki, Yoji, Okamoto, Masaki, Ishihara, Sayoko, Ito, Akihiro, Chihara, Yusuke, Takeuchi, Mayumi, Onoi, Keisuke, Hashimoto, Naozumi, Wakahara, Keiko, Ando, Akira, Masuda, Makoto, Wakabayashi, Aya, Watanabe, Hiroki, Sageshima, Hisako, Nakada, Taka-Aki, Abe, Ryuzo, Shimada, Tadanaga, Kawamura, Kodai, Ichikado, Kazuya, Nishiyama, Kenta, Yamasaki, Masaki, Hashimoto, Satoru, Kusaka, Yu, Ohba, Takehiko, Isogai, Susumu, Takada, Minoru, Kanda, Hidenori, Komase, Yuko, Sano, Fumiaki, Asano, Koichiro, Oguma, Tsuyoshi, Harada, Masahiro, Takahashi, Takeshi, Shibusawa, Takayuki, Abe, Shinji, Kono, Yuta, Togashi, Yuki, Izumo, Takehiro, Inomata, Minoru, Awano, Nobuyasu, Ogawa, Shinichi, Ogata, Tomouki, Ishihara, Shoichiro, Kanehiro, Arihiko, Ozaki, Shinji, Fuchimoto, Yasuko, Kitagawa, Yuichiro, Yoshida, Shozo, Ogura, Shinji, Nishiyama, Kei, Yoshida, Kousuke, Beppu, Satoru, Fukuyama, Satoru, Eriguchi, Yoshihiro, Yonekawa, Akiko, Inoue, Yoshiaki, Yamagata, Kunihiro, Chiba, Shigeru, Narumoto, Osamu, Nagai, Hideaki, Ooshima, Nobuharu, Motegi, Mitsuru, Sagara, Hironori, Tanaka, Akihiko, Ohta, Shin, Shibata, Yoko, Tanino, Yoshinori, Sato, Yuki, Yamada, Yuichiro, Hashino, Takuya, Shinoki, Masato, Iwagoe, Hajime, Imamura, Tomonori, Umeda, Akira, Shimada, Hisato, Endo, Mayu, Hayashi, Shinichi, Takahashi, Mai, Nakano, Shigefumi, Yatomi, Masakiyo, Maeno, Toshitaka, Ishii, Tomoo, Utsugi, Mitsuyoshi, Ono, Akihiro, Kanaoka, Kensuke, Ihara, Shoichi, Komuta, Kiyoshi, Boezen, Marike, Claringbould, Annique, Lopera, Esteban, Warmerdam, Robert, Vonk, Judith. M., Van Blokland, Irene, Lanting, Pauline, Ori, Anil P. S., Obeidat, Ma���en, Hern��ndez Cordero, Ana I., Sin, Don D., Boss��, Yohan, Joubert, Philippe, Hao, Ke, Nickle, David, Timens, Wim, Van Den Berge, Maarten, Feng, Yen-Chen Anne, Mercader, Josep, Weiss, Scott T., Karlson, Elizabeth W., Smoller, Jordan W., Murphy, Shawn N., Meigs, James B., Woolley, Ann E., Green, Robert C., Perez, Emma F., Z��llner, Sebastian, Wang, Jiongming, Beck, Andrew, Sloofman, Laura G., Ascolillo, Steven, Sebra, Robert P., Collins, Brett L., Levy, Tess, Sealfon, Stuart C., Jordan, Daniel M., Thompson, Ryan C., Gettler, Kyle, Chaudhary, Kumardeep, Belbin, Gillian M., Preuss, Michael, Hoggart, Clive, Choi, Sam, Underwood, Slayton J., Salib, Irene, Britvan, Bari, Keller, Katherine, Tang, Lara, Peruggia, Michael, Hiester, Liam L., Niblo, Kristi, Aksentijevich, Alexandra, Labkowsky, Alexander, Karp, Avromie, Zlatopolsky, Menachem, Zyndorf, Marissa, Charney, Alexander W., Beckmann, Noam D., Schadt, Eric E., Abul-Husn, Noura S., Cho, Judy H., Itan, Yuval, Kenny, Eimear E., Loos, Ruth J. F., Nadkarni, Girish N., Do, Ron, O���Reilly, Paul, Huckins, Laura M., Ferreira, Manuel A. R., Abecasis, Goncalo R., Leader, Joseph B., Cantor, Michael N., Justice, Anne E., Carey, Dave J., Chittoor, Geetha, Josyula, Navya Shilpa, Kosmicki, Jack A., Horowitz, Julie E., Baras, Aris, Gass, Matthew C., Yadav, Ashish, Mirshahi, Tooraj, Jan Hottenga, Jouke, Bartels, Meike, De Geus, Eco J. C., Nivard, Michel G., Verma, Anurag, Ritchie, Marylyn D., Rader, Daniel, Li, Binglan, Verma, Shefali S., Lucas, Anastasia, Bradford, Yuki, Zara, Federico, Salpietro, Vincenzo, Scala, Marcello, Iacomino, Michele, Scudieri, Paolo, Bocciardi, Renata, Minetti, Carlo, Riva, Antonella, Vari, Maria Stella, Rahier, Jean-Fran��ois, Giorgio, Elisa, Carli, Diana, Louis, Edouad, Bulik, Cynthia M., Land��n, Mikael, Brusco, Alfredo, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Madia, Francesca, Fund��n, Bengt, Ismail, Said I., Saad, Chadi, Al-Sarraj, Yaser, Badji, Radja Messai, Al-Muftah, Wadha, Al Thani, Asma, Afifi, Nahla, Klovins, Janis, Rovite, Vita, Rescenko, Raimonds, Peculis, Raitis, Ustinova, Monta, Zeberg, Hugo, Frithiof, Robert, Hultstr��m, Michael, Lipcsey, Miklos, Johnson, Ruth, Geschwind, Daniel H., Freimer, Nelson, Butte, Manish J., Ding, Yi, Chiu, Alec, Chang, Timothy S., Boutros, Paul, Moutsianas, Loukas, Caulfield, Mark J., Scott, Richard H., Walker, Susan, Stuckey, Alex, Odhams, Christopher A., Rhodes, Daniel, Fowler, Tom, Rendon, Augusto, Chan, Georgia, Arumugam, Prabhu, Karczewski, Konrad J., Wilson, Daniel J., Spencer, Chris A., Crook, Derrick W., Wyllie, David H., O���Connell, Anne Marie, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Tsuo, Kristin, Baya, Nikolas, Turley, Patrick, Gupta, Rahul, Walters, Raymond K., Palmer, Duncan S., Sarma, Gopal, Cheng, Nathan, Lu, Wenhan, Churchhouse, Claire, Goldstein, Jacqueline I., King, Daniel, Seed, Cotton, Daly, Mark J., Neale, Benjamin M., Bryant, Sam, Satterstrom, F. Kyle, Band, Gavin, Earle, Sarah G., Lin, Shang-Kuan, Arning, Nicolas, Armstrong, Jacob, Rudkin, Justine K., Callier, Shawneequa, Cusick, Caroline, Soranzo, Nicole, Zhao, Jing Hua, Danesh, John, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Butterworth, Adam S., Sun, Yan V., Huffman, Jennifer E., Cho, Kelly, O���Donnell, Christopher J., Tsao, Phil, Gaziano, J. Michael, Peloso, Gina, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Mian, Michael, Scaggiante, Federica, Chang, Xiao, Glessner, Joseph R., Hakonarson, Hakon, McGuigan, Peter J., Prockter Moore, Luke Stephen, Vizcaychipi, Marcela Paola, Hall, Kathryn, Campbell, Andy, Nichol, Ailstair, Ward, Geraldine, Page, Valerie Joan, Semple, Malcolm G., Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Aldera, Erin L., Alegria, Ana, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nicholas, Bassford, Christopher, Basude, Sneha, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Chadwick, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chris, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, Drummond, Andrew, DuRand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Christopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B., Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tamas, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, James, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, Lyttle, Mark, MacMahon, Michael, MacNaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, McCullough, Katherine, McEwen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary H., Minton, Jane, Ward, Karl, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, James, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapas, Nelson, Mark, O���Shea, Matthew K., Otahal, Igor, Ostermann, Marlies, Pais, Mark, Panchatsharam, Selva, Papakonstantinou, Danai, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Pooni, Jagtur Singh, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikolas, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tamas, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chris, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Ustianowski, Andrew, Vallotton, Nick, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Papineni, Padmasayee, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Cole, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wooton, Daniel G., Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, Young, Peter, Beale, Rupert, Bretherick, Andrew D., Clohisey, Sara, Fourman, Max Head, Furniss, James, Gountouna, Elvina, Grimes, Graeme, Haley, Chris, Harrison, David, Hayward, Caroline, Keating, Sean, Klaric, Lucija, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andy, Meynert, Alison M., Millar, Jonathan, Pairo-Castineira, Erola, Parkinson, Nicholas, Ponting, Chris P., Porteous, David J., Rawlik, Konrad, Richmond, Anne, Rowan, Kathy, Russell, Clark D., Shen, Xia, Shih, Barbara, Tenesa, Albert, Vitart, Veronique, Wang, Bo, Wilson, James F., Wu, Yang, Yang, Jian, Yang, Zhijian, Zechner, Marie, Zhai, Ranran, Zheng, Chenqing, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Drake, Thomas M., Fairfield, Cameron J., Knight, Stephen R., Mclean, Kenneth A., Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A., Dalton, Jo, Girvan, Michelle, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Hendry, Ross, Scott-Brown, James, Begg, Colin, Hinds, Charles, Wai Ho, Antonia Ying, Horby, Peter W., Knight, Julian, Ling, Lowell, Maslove, David, McAuley, Danny, Montgomery, Hugh, Nichol, Alistair, Openshaw, Peter J. M., Summers, Charlotte, Walsh, Timothy, Armstrong, Lisa, Bates, Hayley, Dooks, Emma, Farquhar, Fiona, Hairsine, Brigid, McParland, C., Packham, Sophie, Alldis, Zoe, Astin-Chamberlain, Raine, Bibi, Fatima, Biddle, Jack, Blow, Sarah, Bolton, Matthew, Borra, Catherine, Bowles, Ruth, Burton, Maudrian, Choudhury, Yasmin, Collier, David, Cox, Amber, Easthope, Amy, Ebano, Patrizia, Fotiadis, Stavros, Gurasashvili, Jana, Halls, Rosslyn, Hartridge, Pippa, Kallon, Delordson, Kassam, Jamila, Lancoma-Malcolm, Ivone, Matharu, Maninderpal, May, Peter, Mitchelmore, Oliver, Newman, Tabitha, Patel, Mital, Pheby, Jane, Pinzuti, Irene, Prime, Zoe, Prysyazhna, Oleksandra, Shiel, Julian, Taylor, Melanie, Tierney, Carey, Wood, Suzanne, Zak, Anne, Zongo, Olivier, Forsey, Miranda, Nicholson, Anne, Riches, Joanne, Vertue, Mark, Wasson, Christopher, Finn, Stephanie, Green, Jackie, Collins, Erin, King, Bernadette, Grauslyte, Lina, Hussain, Musarat, Pogreban, Tatiana, Rosaroso, Lace, Salciute, Erika, Franke, George, Wong, Joanna, George, Aparna, Akeroyd, Louise, Bano, Shereen, Bromley, Matt, Gurr, Lucy, Lawton, Tom, Morgan, James, Sellick, Kirsten, Warren, Deborah, Wilkinson, Brian, McGowan, Janet, Ledgard, Camilla, Stacey, Amelia, Pye, Kate, Bellwood, Ruth, Bentley, Michael, Loosley, Ronda, McGuinness, Heather, Tench, Helen, Wolf-Roberts, Rebecca, Gibson, Sian, Lyle, Amanda, McNeela, Fiona, Radhakrishnan, Jayachandran, Hughes, Alistair, Ali, Asifa, Brady, Megan, Dale, Sam, Dance, Annalisa, Gledhill, Lisa, Greig, Jill, Hanson, Kathryn, Holdroyd, Kelly, Home, Marie, Kelly, Diane, Kitson, Ross, Matapure, Lear, Melia, Deborah, Mellor, Samantha, Nortcliffe, Tonicha, Pinnell, Jez, Robinson, Matthew, Shaw, Lisa, Shaw, Ryan, Thomis, Lesley, Wilson, Alison, Wood, Tracy, Bayo, Lee-Ann, Merwaha, Ekta, Ishaq, Tahira, Hanley, Sarah, Antcliffe, David, Banach, Dorota, Brett, Stephen, Coghlan, Phoebe, Fernandez, Ziortza, Gordon, Anthony, Rojo, Roceld, Arias, Sonia Sousa, Templeton, Maie, Jha, Rajeev, Krishnamurthy, Vinodh, Lim, Lai, Bi, Rehana, Scholefield, Barney, Ashton, Lydia, Williams, Alison, Cheyne, Claire, Saunderson, Anne, Allan, Angela, Anderson, Felicity, Kaye, Callum, Liew, Jade, Medhora, Jasmine, Scott, Teresa, Trumper, Erin, Botello, Adriana, Polgarova, Petra, Stroud, Katerina, Meaney, Eoghan, Jones, Megan, Ng, Anthony, Agrawal, Shruti, Pathan, Nazima, White, Deborah, Daubney, Esther, Elston, Kay, Parker, Robert, Reddy, Amie, Turner-Bone, Ian, Wilding, Laura, Harding, Peter, Jacob, Reni, Jones, Cathy, Denmade, Craig, Croft, Maria, White, Ian, Lim, Li, Griffin, Denise, Muchenje, Nycola, Mupudzi, Mcdonald, Partridge, Richard, Conyngham, Jo-Anna, Thomas, Rachel, Wright, Mary, Corral, Maria Alvarez, Bastion, Victoria, Clarke, Daphene, David, Beena, Kent, Harriet, Lorusso, Rachel, Lubimbi, Gamu, Murdoch, Sophie, Penacerrada, Melchizedek, Thomas, Alastair, Valentine, Jennifer, Vochin, Ana, Wulandari, Retno, Djeugam, Brice, Dawson, Joy, Garrioch, Sweyn, Tolson, Melanie, Aldridge, Jonathan, De Almeida Martins, Laura Gomes, Carungcong, Jaime, Beavis, Sarah, Dale, Katie, Gascoyne, Rachel, Hawes, Joanne, Pritchard, Kelly, Stevenson, Lesley, Whileman, Amanda, Cowley, Anne, Highgate, Judith, Crawley, Rikki, Crew, Abigail, Cunningham, Mishell, Daniels, Allison, Harrison, Laura, Hope, Susan, Inweregbu, Ken, Jones, Sian, Lancaster, Nicola, Matthews, Jamie, Nicholson, Alice, Wray, Gemma, Benham, Leonie, Bradshaw, Zena, Brown, Joanna, Caswell, Melanie, Melling, Sarah, Preston, Stephen, Slawson, Nicola, Stoddard, Emma, Warden, Scott, Combes, Edward, Joefield, Teishel, Monnery, Sonja, Beech, Valerie, Trotman, Sallyanne, Hopkins, Bridget, Scriven, James, Thrasyvoulou, Laura, Willis, Heather, Anderson, Susan, Birch, Janine, Collins, Emma, Hammerton, Kate, O���Leary, Ryan, Abernathy, Caroline, Foster, Louise, Gratrix, Andrew, Martinson, Vicky, Parkinson, Priyai, Stones, Elizabeth, Carbral-Ortega, Llucia, Kapoor, Ritoo, Loader, David, Castle, Karen, Brandwood, Craig, Smith, Lara, Clark, Richard, Birchall, Katie, Kolakaluri, Laurel, Baines, Deborah, Sukumaran, Anila, Mapfunde, Isheunesu, Meredith, Megan, Morris, Lucy, Ryan, Lucy, Clark, Amy, Sampson, Julia, Peters, Cecilia, Dent, Martin, Langley, Margaret, Ashraf, Saima, Wei, Shuying, Andrew, Angela, Chablani, Manish, Kirkby, Amy, Netherton, Kimberley, Bates, Michelle, Dasgin, Jo, Gill, Jaspret, Nilsson, Annette, Apetri, Elena, Basikolo, Cathrine, Blackledge, Bethan, Catlow, Laura, Charles, Bethan, Doonan, Reece, Harris, Jade, Harvey, Alice, Horner, Daniel, Knowles, Karen, Lee, Stephanie, Lomas, Diane, Lyons, Chloe, Marsden, Tracy, McLaughlan, Danielle, McMorrow, Liam, Pendlebury, Jessica, Perez, Jane, Poulaka, Maria, Proudfoot, Nicola, Slaughter, Melanie, Slevin, Kathryn, Thomas, Vicky, Walker, Danielle, Michael, Angiy, Collis, Matthew, Clark, Martyn, Coulding, Martina, Jude, Edward, McCormick, Jacqueline, Mercer, Oliver, Potla, Darsh, Rehman, Hafiz, Savill, Heather, Turner, Victoria, Davey, Miriam, Golden, David, Seaman, Rebecca, Hunt, Jodie, Dearden, Joy, Dobson, Emma, Mulcahy, Michelle, Munt, Sheila, O���Connor, Grainne, Philbin, Jennifer, Rishton, Chloe, Tully, Redmond, Winnard, Sarah, Cagova, Lenka, Fofano, Adama, Garner, Lucie, Holcombe, Helen, Mepham, Sue, Mitchell, Alice Michael, Mwaura, Lucy, Praman, K., Vuylsteke, Alain, Zamikula, Julie, Bercades, Georgia, Brealey, David, Hass, Ingrid, MacCallum, Niall, Martir, Gladys, Raith, Eamon, Reyes, Anna, Smyth, Deborah, Taylor, Abigail, Hughes, Rachel Anne, Thomas, Helen, Rees, Alun, Duskova, Michaela, Phipps, Janet, Brooks, Suzanne, Edwards, Michelle, Alexander, Peter, Allen, Schvearn, Bradley-Potts, Joanne, Brantwood, Craig, Egan, Jasmine, Felton, Timothy, Padden, Grace, Ward, Luke, Moss, Stuart, Glasgow, Susannah, Beesley, Kate, Board, Sarah, Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka, Lewis, Alison, Perry, Jess, Pippard, Lucy, Wood, Di, Buckley, Clare, Brown, Alison, Gregory, Jane, O���Connell, Susan, Smith, Tim, Belagodu, Zakaula, Fuller, Bridget, Gherman, Anca, Olufuwa, Olumide, Paramsothy, Remi, Stuart, Carmel, Oakley, Naomi, Kamundi, Charlotte, Tyl, David, Collins, Katy, Silva, Pedro, Taylor, June, King, Laura, Coates, Charlotte, Crowley, Maria, Wakefield, Phillipa, Beadle, Jane, Johnson, Laura, Sargeant, Janet, Anderson, Madeleine, Jardine, Catherine, Williams, Dewi, Parris, Victoria, Quaid, Sheena, Watson, Ekaterina, Melville, Julie, Naisbitt, Jay, Joseph, Rosane, Lazo, Maria, Walton, Olivia, Neal, Alan, Hill, Michaela, Kannan, Thogulava, Wild, Laura, Allan, Elizabeth, Darlington, Kate, Davies, Ffyon, Easton, Jack, Kumar, Sumit, Lean, Richard, Menzies, Daniel, Pugh, Richard, Qiu, Xinyi, Davies, Llinos, Williams, Hannah, Scanlon, Jeremy, Davies, Gwyneth, Mackay, Callum, Lewis, Joannne, Rees, Stephanie, Coetzee, Samantha, Gales, Alistair, Raj, Meena, Sell, Craig, Langton, Helen, Watters, Malcolm, Novis, Catherine, Arbane, Gill, Bociek, Aneta, Campos, Sara, Grau, Neus, Jones, Tim Owen, Lim, Rosario, Marotti, Martina, Whitton, Christopher, Barron, Anthony, Collins, Ciara, Kaul, Sundeep, Passmore, Heather, Prendergast, Claire, Reed, Anna, Rogers, Paula, Shokkar, Rajvinder, Woodruff, Meriel, Middleton, Hayley, Polgar, Oliver, Nolan, Claire, Thwaites, Vicky, Mahay, Kanta, Sri-Chandana, Chunda, Scherewode, Joslan, Stephenson, Lorraine, Marsh, Sarah, Bancroft, Hollie, Bellamy, Mary, Carmody, Margaret, Daglish, Jacqueline, Moore, Faye, Rhodes, Joanne, Sangombe, Mirriam, Kadiri, Salma, Ayers, Amanda, Harrison, Wendy, North, Julie, Cavazza, Anna, Cockrell, Maeve, Corcoran, Eleanor, Depante, Maria, Finney, Clare, Jerome, Ellen, McPhail, Mark, Nayak, Monalisa, Noble, Harriet, O���Reilly, Kevin, Pappa, Evita, Saha, Rohit, Saha, Sian, Smith, John, Knighton, Abigail, Gill, Mandy, Paul, Paul, Ratnam, Valli, Shelton, Sarah, Wynter, Inez, Baptista, David, Crowe, Rebecca, Fernandes, Rita, Herdman-Grant, Rosaleen, Joseph, Anna, Loveridge, Adam, McKenley, India, Morino, Eriko, Naranjo, Andres, Simms, Richard, Sollesta, Kathryn, Swain, Andrew, Venkatesh, Harish, Khera, Jacyntha, Fox, Jonathan, Barber, Russell, Hewitt, Claire, Hilldrith, Annette, Jackson-Lawrence, Karen, Shepardson, Sarah, Wills, Maryanne, Butler, Susan, Tavares, Silvia, Cunningham, Amy, Hindale, Julia, Arif, Sarwat, George, Linsha, Twiss, Sophie, Wright, David, Holland, Maureen, Keenan, Natalie, Lyons, Marc, Wassall, Helen, Marsh, Chris, Mahenthran, Mervin, Carter, Emma, Kong, Thomas, Adanini, Oluronke, Bhatia, Nikhil, Msiska, Maines, Mew, Louise, Mwaura, Esther, Williams, Felicity, Wren, Lynn, Sutherland, Sara-Beth, Battle, Ceri, Brinkworth, Elaine, Harford, Rachel, Murphy, Carl, Newey, Luke, Rees, Tabitha, Williams, Marie, Arnold, Sophie, Hardy, John, Houlden, Henry, Moncur, Eleanor, Tariq, Ambreen, Tucci, Arianna, Convery, Karen, Fottrell-Gould, Deirdre, Hudig, Lisa, Keshet-Price, Jocelyn, Randell, Georgina, Stammers, Katie, Abdelrazik, Marwa, Bakthavatsalam, Dhanalakshmi, Elhassan, Munzir, Ganesan, Arunkumar, Haldeos, Anne, Moreno-Cuesta, Jeronimo, Purohit, Dharam, Vincent, Rachel, Xavier, Kugan, Rohit, Kumar, Alasdair, Frater, Saleem, Malik, David, Carter, Jenkins, Samuel, Lamond, Zoe, Wall, Alanna, Reynolds, Jessica, Campbell, Helen, Thompsom, Maria, Dodds, Steve, Duffy, Stacey, Butcher, Deborah, O���Sullivan, Susie, Butterworth-Cowin, Nicola, Deacon, Bethan, Hibbert, Meg, Pothecary, Carla, Tetla, Dariusz, Woodford, Christopher, Durga, Latha, Kennard-Holden, Gareth, De Gordoa, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz, Peasgood, Emily, Phillips, Claire, Skinner, Denise, Gaylard, Jane, Mullan, Dee, Newman, Julie, Davies, Ellie, Roche, Lisa, Sathe, Sonia, Brimfield, Lutece, Daly, Zoe, Pogson, David, Rose, Steve, Collins, Amy, Khaliq, Waqas, Gude, Estefania Treus, Allen, Louise, Beranova, Eva, Crisp, Nikki, Deery, Joanne, Hazelton, Tracy, Knight, Alicia, Price, Carly, Tilbey, Sorrell, Turki, Salah, Turney, Sharon, Giles, Julian, Booth, Simon, Bell, Gillian, English, Katy, Katary, Amro, Wilcox, Louise, Campbell, Rachael, Clarke, Noreen, Whiteside, Jonathan, Mascarenhas, Mairi, Donaldson, Avril, Matheson, Joanna, Barrett, Fiona, O���Hara, Marianne, O���Keefe, Laura, Bradley, Clare, Collier, Dawn, Walker, Rachel, Maynard, Victoria, Patel, Tahera, Smith, Matthew, Kazi, Aayesha, Hartley, Janice, Dykes, Joseph, Hijazi, Muhammad, Keith, Sarah, Khan, Meherunnisa, Ryan-Smith, Janet, Springle, Philippa, Thomas, Jacqueline, Truman, Nick, Saad, Samuel, Coleman, Dabheoc, Fine, Christopher, Matt, Roseanna, Gay, Bethan, Dalziel, Jack, Ali, Syamlan, Goodchild, Drew, Harling, Rhiannan, Bhatterjee, Ravi, Goddard, Wendy, Davison, Chloe, Duberly, Stephen, Hargreaves, Jeanette, Bolton, Rachel, Verlander, Mark, Williams, Alexandra, Blackman, Helen, Creagh-Brown, Ben, Donlon, Sinead, Michalak-Glinska, Natalia, Mtuwa, Sheila, Pristopan, Veronika, Salberg, Armorel, Smith, Eleanor, Stone, Sarah, Piercy, Charles, Verula, Jerik, Burda, Dorota, Montaser, Rugia, Harden, Lesley, Mayangao, Irving, Marriott, Cheryl, Bradley, Paul, Harris, Celia, Cooper, Joshua, Finch, Cheryl, Liderth, Sarah, Quinn, Alison, Waddington, Natalia, Fidler, Katy, Tagliavini, Emma, Donnelly, Kevin, Abel, Lynn, Brett, Michael, Digby, Brian, Gemmell, Lisa, Hornsby, James, MacGoey, Patrick, O���Neil, Pauline, Price, Richard, Rodden, Natalie, Rooney, Kevin, Sundaram, Radha, Thomson, Nicola, Flanagan, Rebecca, Hughes, Gareth, Latham, Scott, McKenna, Emma, Anderson, Jennifer, Hull, Robert, Rhead, Kat, Branney, Debbie, Frankham, Jordan, Pitts, Sally, White, Nigel, Cristiano, Daniele, Dormand, Natalie, Farzad, Zohreh, Gummadi, Mahitha, Liyanage, Kamal, Patel, Brijesh V., Salmi, Sara, Sloane, Geraldine, Varghese, Mathew, Zborowski, Anelise C., Bean, Sarah, Burt, Karen, Spivey, Michael, Eastgate-Jackson, Christine, Filipe, Helder, Martin, Daniel, Maharajh, Amitaa, Garcia, Sara Mingo, De Neef, Mark, Lynch, Ceri, Howe, Gwenllian Sera, Singh, Jayaprakash, Turner, Keri, Ellis, Hannah, Stroud, Natalie, Cherian, Shiney, Cutler, Sean, Heron, Anne Emma, Roynon-Reed, Anna, Williams, Gemma, Richards, Owen, Cheema, Yusuf, Ahmad, Norfaizan, Barker, Joann, Bauchmuller, Kris, Bird, Sarah, Cawthron, Kay, Harrington, Kate, Jackson, Yvonne, Kibutu, Faith, Lenagh, Becky, Masuko, Shamiso, Raithatha, Ajay, Wiles, Matthew, Willson, Jayne, Newell, Helen, Lye, Alison, Nwafor, Lorenza, Jarman, Claire, Rowland-Jones, Sarah, Foote, David, Cole, Joby, Thompson, Roger, Watson, James, Hesseldon, Lisa, Macharia, Irene, Chetam, Luke, Smith, Jacqui, Ford, Amber, Anderson, Samantha, Birchall, Kathryn, Housley, Kay, Walker, Sara, Milner, Leanne, Hanratty, Helena, Trower, Helen, Phillips, Patrick, Oxspring, Simon, Donne, Ben, Bevan, Emily, Martin, Jane, Trodd, Dawn, Watson, Geoff, Brown, Caroline Wrey, Bunni, Lara, Jennings, Claire, Latif, Monica, Marshall, Rebecca, Subramanian, Gayathri, Bandla, Nageswar, Gellamucho, Minnie, Davies, Michelle, Thompson, Christopher, Trim, Fiona, Eapen, Beena, Ahmed, Cecilia, Baines, Balvinder, Clamp, Sarah, Colley, Julie, Haq, Risna, Hayes, Anne, Hulme, Jonathan, Hussain, Samia, Joseph, Sibet, Kumar, Rita, Maqsood, Zahira, Purewal, Manjit, Chandler, Ben, Elliott, Kerry, Mallinson, Janine, Turnbull, Alison, Dent, Kathy, Horsley, Elizabeth, Akhtar, Muhmmad Nauman, Pearson, Sandra, Potoczna, Dorota, Spencer, Sue, Blakemore, Hayley, Borislavova, Borislava, Faulkner, Beverley, Gendall, Emma, Goff, Elizabeth, Hayes, Kati, Thomas, Matt, Worner, Ruth, Smith, Kerry, Stephens, Deanna, Delgado, Carlos Castro, Dawson, Deborah, Ding, Lijun, Durrant, Georgia, Ezeobu, Obiageri, Farnell-Ward, Sarah, Harrison, Abiola, Kanu, Rebecca, Leaver, Susannah, Maccacari, Elena, Manna, Soumendu, Saluzzio, Romina Pepermans, Queiroz, Joana, Samakomva, Tinashe, Sicat, Christine, Texeira, Joana, Da Gloria, Edna Fernandes, Lisboa, Ana, Rawlins, John, Mathew, Jisha, Kinch, Ashley, Hurt, William James, Shah, Nirav, Clark, Victoria, Thanasi, Maria, Yun, Nikki, Patel, Kamal, Crickmore, Vikki, Debreceni, Gabor, Wilkins, Joy, Nicol, Liz, Burn, Iona, Hambrook, Geraldine, Manso, Katarina, Penn, Ruth, Shanmugasundaram, Pradeep, Tebbutt, Julie, Thornton, Danielle, Rostron, Anthony, Roy, Alistair, Woods, Lindsey, Cornell, Sarah, Wakinshaw, Fiona, Rogerson, Kimberley, Jarmain, Jordan, Anderson, Peter, Archer, Katie, Austin, Karen, Davis, Caroline, Durie, Alison, Kelsall, Olivia, Thrush, Jessica, Vigurs, Charlie, Wood, Hannah-Louise, Tranter, Helen, Harrison, Alison, Cowley, Nicholas, McAlindon, Michael, Digby, Stephen, Low, Emma, Morgan, Aled, Cother, Naiara, Rankin, Tobias, Clayton, Sarah, McCurdy, Alex, Allibone, Suzanne, Mary-Genetu, Roman, Patel, Amit, Mac, Ainhi, Murphy, Anthony, Mahjoob, Parisa, Nazari, Roonak, Worsley, Lucy, Fagan, Andrew, Mohamed Ali, Inthakab Ali, Beaumont, Karen, Blunt, Mark, Coton, Zoe, Curgenven, Hollie, Elsaadany, Mohamed, Fernandes, Kay, Ally, Sameena Mohamed, Rangarajan, Harini, Sarathy, Varun, Selvanayagam, Sivarupan, Vedage, Dave, White, Matthew, Fernandez-Roman, Jaime, Hamilton, David O., Johnson, Emily, Johnston, Brian, Martinez, Maria Lopez, Mulla, Suleman, Shaw, David, Waite, Alicia A. C., Waugh, Victoria, Welters, Ingeborg D., Williams, Karen, Bemand, Thomas, Black, Ethel, Rosa, Arnold Dela, Howle, Ryan, Jhanji, Shaman, Baikady, Ravishankar Rao, Tatham, Kate Colette, Thomas, Benjamin, Halkes, Matthew, Mercer, Pauline, Thornton, Lorraine, West, Joe, Baird, Tracy, Ruddy, Jim, Reece-Anthony, Rosie, Birt, Mark, Cowton, Amanda, Kay, Andrea, Kent, Melanie, Potts, Kathryn, Wilkinson, Ami, Naylor, Suzanne, Brown, Ellen, Clark, Michele, Purvis, Sarah, Cole, Jade, Davies, Rhys, Duffin, Donna, Hill, Helen, Player, Ben, Thomas, Emma, Williams, Angharad, Beith, Claire Marie, Black, Karen, Clements, Suzanne, Morrison, Alan, Strachan, Dominic, Taylor, Margaret, Clarkson, Michelle, D���Sylva, Stuart, Norman, Kathryn, Coventry, Tina, Fowler, Susan, McGregor, Amanda, Brady, Ailbhe, Chan, Rebekah, McIvor, Shane, Prady, Helena, Whittle, Helen, Mathew, Bijoy, Clapham, Melanie, Harper, Rosemary, Poultney, Una, Rice, Polly, Mutch, Rachel, Baird, Yolanda, Butler, Aaron, Chadbourn, Indra, Folkes, Linda, Fox, Heather, Gardner, Amy, Gomez, Raquel, Hobden, Gillian, King, Kirsten, Margarson, Michael, Martindale, Tim, Meadows, Emma, Raynard, Dana, Thirlwall, Yvette, Helm, David, Margalef, Jordi, Greer, Sandra, Shuker, Karen, Smuts, Sara, Duffield, Joseph, Smith, Oliver, Mallon, Lewis, Claire, Watkins, Birkinshaw, Isobel, Carter, Joseph, Howard, Kate, Ingham, Joanne, Joy, Rosie, Pearson, Harriet, Roche, Samantha, Scott, Zoe, Knights, Ellen, Price, Alicia, Thomas, Alice, Thorpe, Chris, Abraheem, Azmerelda, Bamford, Peter, Cawley, Kathryn, Dunmore, Charlie, Faulkner, Maria, Girach, Rumanah, Jeffrey, Helen, Jones, Rhianna, London, Emily, Nagra, Imrun, Nasir, Farah, Sainsbury, Hannah, Smedley, Clare, Khade, Reena, Sundar, Ashok, Tsinaslanidis, George, Behan, Teresa, Burnett, Caroline, Hatton, Jonathan, Heeney, Elaine, Mitra, Atideb, Newton, Maria, Pollard, Rachel, Stead, Rachael, Birch, Jenny, Bough, Laura, Goodsell, Josie, Tutton, Rebecca, Williams, Patricia, Williams, Sarah, Winter-Goodwin, Barbara, Auld, Fiona, Donnachie, Joanne, Edmond, Ian, Prentice, Lynn, Runciman, Nikole, Salutous, Dario, Symon, Lesley, Todd, Anne, Turner, Patricia, Short, Abigail, Sweeney, Laura, Murdoch, Euan, Senaratne, Dhaneesha, Burns, Karen, Higham, Andrew, Anderson, Taya, Hawcutt, Dan, O���Malley, Laura, Rad, Laura, Rogers, Naomi, Saunderson, Paula, Allison, Kathryn Sian, Afolabi, Deborah, Whitbread, Jennifer, Jones, Dawn, Dore, Rachael, Lankester, Liana, Nikitas, Nikitas, Wells, Colin, Stowe, Bethan, Spencer, Kayleigh, Cathcart, Susanne, Duffy, Katharine, Puxty, Alex, Puxty, Kathryn, Turner, Lynne, Ireland, Jane, Semple, Gary, Barry, Peter, Hilltout, Paula, Evitts, Jayne, Tyler, Amanda, Waldron, Joanne, Irvine, Val, Shelley, Benjamin, Akinkugbe, Olugbenga, Bamford, Alasdair, Beech, Emily, Belfield, Holly, Bell, Michael, Davies, Charlene, Jones, Gareth A. L., McHugh, Tara, Meghari, Hamza, O���Neill, Lauran, Peters, Mark J., Ray, Samiran, Tomas, Ana Luisa, Gorman, Claire, Gupta, Abhinav, Timlick, Elizabeth, Brady, Rebecca, Bonner, Stephen, Hugill, Keith, Jones, Jessica, Liggett, Steven, Bashyal, Archana, Davidson, Neil, Hutton, Paula, McKechnie, Stuart, Wilson, Jean, Flint, Neil, Rekha, Patel, Hales, Dawn, Cruz, Carina, Gopal, Shameer, Harris, Nichola, Lake, Victoria, Metherell, Stella, Radford, Elizabeth, Clement, Ian, Patel, Bijal, Gulati, A., Hays, Carole, Webster, K., Hudson, Anne, Webster, Andrea, Stephenson, Elaine, McCormack, Louise, Slater, Victoria, Nixon, Rachel, Hanson, Helen, Fearby, Maggie, Kelly, Sinead, Bridgett, Victoria, Robinson, Philip, Almaden-Boyle, Christine, Austin, Pauline, Cabrelli, Louise, Cole, Stephen, Casey, Matt, Chapman, Susan, Whyte, Clare, Brayne, Adam, Fisher, Emma, Hunt, Jane, Jackson, Peter, Kaye, Duncan, Love, Nicholas, Parkin, Juliet, Tuckey, Victoria, Van Koutrik, Lynne, Carter, Sasha, Andrew, Benedict, Findlay, Louise, Adams, Katie, Bruce, Michelle, Connolly, Karen, Duncan, Tracy, T.-Michael, Helen, Lindergard, Gabriella, Hey, Samuel, Fox, Claire, Alfonso, Jordan, Durrans, Laura Jayne, Guerin, Jacinta, Hruska, Martin, Eltayeb, Ayaa, Lamb, Thomas, Hodgkiss, Tracey, Cooper, Lisa, Rothwell, Joanne, Dennis, Catherine, McGregor, Alastair, Srikaran, Sinduya, Sukha, Anisha, Davies, Kim, O���Brien, Linda, Omar, Zohra, Perkins, Emma, Lewis, Tracy, Sutherland, Isobel, Brooke, Hollie, Buckley, Sarah, Suarez, Jose Cebrian, Charlesworth, Ruth, Hansson, Karen, Norris, John, Poole, Alice, Rose, Alastair, Sandhu, Rajdeep, Sloan, Brendan, Smithson, Elizabeth, Thirumaran, Muthu, Wagstaff, Veronica, Metcalfe, Alexandra, Camsooksai, Julie, Humphrey, Charlotte, Jenkins, Sarah, Wadams, Beverley, DeAth, Yasmin, Adams, Colene, Agasou, Anita, Arden, Tracie, Bowes, Amy, Boyle, Pauline, Beekes, Mandy, Button, Heather, Capps, Nigel, Carnahan, Mandy, Carter, Anne, Childs, Danielle, Donaldson, Denise, Hard, Kelly, Hurford, Fran, Hussain, Yasmin, Javaid, Ayesha, Jones, James, Jose, Sanal, Leigh, Michael, Martin, Terry, Millward, Helen, Motherwell, Nichola, Rikunenko, Rachel, Stickley, Jo, Summers, Julie, Ting, Louise, Tivenan, Helen, Tonks, Louise, Wilcox, Rebecca, Bokhari, Maria, Lucas, Rachael, McCormick, Wendy, Ritzema, Jenny, Sanderson, Amanda, Wild, Helen, Baxter, Nicola, Henderson, Steven, Kennedy-Hay, Sophie, McParland, Christopher, Rooney, Laura, Sim, Malcolm, McCreath, Gordan, Brunton, Mark, Caterson, Jess, Coles, Holly, Frise, Matthew, Rai, Sabi Gurung, Jacques, Nicola, Keating, Liza, Tilney, Emma, Bartley, Shauna, Bhuie, Parminder, Downes, Charlotte, Holding, Kathleen, Riches, Katie, Hilton, Mary, Hayman, Mel, Subramanian, Deepak, Daniel, Priya, Zitter, Letizia, Benyon, Sarah, Marriott, Suzie, Park, Linda, Keenan, Samantha, Gordon, Elizabeth, Quinn, Helen, Baines, Kizzy, Andrew, Gillian, Barclay, Lucy, Callaghan, Marie, Clark, Sarah, Hope, Dave, Marshall, Lucy, McCulloch, Corrienne, Briton, Kate, Singleton, Jo, Birch, Sophie, Simpson, Kerry, Craig, Jayne, Demetriou, Carrie, Eckbad, Charlotte, Hierons, Sarah, Howie, Lucy, Mitchard, Sarah, Ramos, Lidia, Serrano-Ruiz, Alfredo, White, Katie, Kelly, Fiona, Amin, Vishal, Anastasescu, Elena, Anumakonda, Vikram, Karthik, Komala, Kausar, Rizwana, Reid, Karen, Smith, Jacqueline, Imeson-Wood, Janet, Bellini, Arianna, Bryant, Jade, Mayer, Anton, Pickard, Amy, Roe, Nicholas, Sowter, Jason, Howlett, Alex, Criste, Kristine, Cusack, Rebecca, Golder, Kim, Golding, Hannah, Jones, Oliver, Leggett, Samantha, Male, Michelle, Marani, Martyna, Prager, Kirsty, Williams, Toran, Roberts, Belinda, Salmon, Karen, Gondo, Prisca, Hadebe, B., Kayani, Abdul, Masunda, Bridgett, Ahmed, Ashar, Morris, Anna, Jakkula, Srinivas, Long, Kate, Whiteley, Simon, Wilby, Elizabeth, Ogg, Bethan, Moultrie, Sam, Odam, M., Bewley, Jeremy, Garland, Zoe, Grimmer, Lisa, Gumbrill, Bethany, Johnson, Rebekah, Sweet, Katie, Webster, Denise, Efford, Georgia, Bennett, Sara, Goodwin, Emma, Jackson, Matthew, Kent, Alissa, Tibke, Clare, Woodyatt, Wiesia, Zaki, Ahmed, Daniel, Amelia, Finn, Joanne, Saha, Rajnish, Bremmer, Pamela, Allan, J., Geary, T., Houston, Gordon, Meikle, A., O���Brien, P., Bell, Dina, Boyle, Rosalind, Douglas, Katie, Glass, Lynn, Lee, Emma, Lennon, Liz, Rattray, Austin, Charnock, Rob, McFarland, Denise, Cosgrove, Denise, Attwood, Ben, Parsons, Penny, Carmody, Siobhain, Oblak, Metod, Popescu, Monica, Thankachen, Mini, Baruah, Rosie, Morris, Sheila, Ferguson, Susie, Shepherd, Amy, Altabaibeh, Abdelhakim, Alvaro, Ana, Gilbert, Kayleigh, Ma, Louise, Mostoles, Loreta, Parmar, Chetan, Simpson, Kathryn, Jetha, Champa, Booker, Lauren, Pratley, Anezka, Cosier, Tracey, Millen, Gemma, Schumacher, Natasha, Weston, Heather, Rand, James, Alex, Beatrice, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S., Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Cooke, Graham S., Docherty, Annemarie B., Dunning, Jake, Da Silva Filipe, Ana, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christoper A., Harrison, Ewen M., Hiscox, Julian A., Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Saye, Lim, Wei Shen, Mentzer, Alexander J., Merson, Laura, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Moore, Shona C., Palmarini, Massimo, Paxton, William A., Pollakis, Georgios, Price, Nicholas, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L., Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Scott, Janet T., De Silva, Thushan, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Tedder, Richard S., Thomson, Emma C., Roger Thompson, A. A., Thwaites, Ryan S., Turtle, Lance C. W., Gupta, Rishi K., Palmieri, Carlo, Swann, Olivia V., Zambon, Maria, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Griffin, Julian L., Takats, Zoltan, Chechi, Kanta, Andrikopoulos, Petros, Osagie, Anthonia, Olanipekun, Michael, Liggi, Sonia, Lewis, Matthew R., Correia, Gon��alo Dos Santos, Sands, Caroline J., Takis, Panteleimon, Maslen, Lynn, Greenhalf, William, Shaw, Victoria, McDonald, Sarah E., Keating, Se��n, Ahmed, Katie A., Armstrong, Jane A., Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G., Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L., Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin W. A., Clark, Jordan J., Clarke, Emily A., Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chris, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis W. S., Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Jensen, Rebecca L., Jones, Christopher B., Jones, Trevor R., Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T., Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A., Mancini, Maria, McDonald, Sarah, McEvoy, Laurence, McLauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S., Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Murphy, Ellen G., Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E., Shears, Rebecca K., Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S., Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, Van Tonder, Libby, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Flaherty, Lisa, Maziere, Nicole, Cass, Emily, Carracedo, Alejandra Doce, Carlucci, Nicola, Holmes, Anthony, Massey, Hannah, Murphy, Lee, Wrobel, Nicola, McCafferty, Sarah, Morrice, Kirstie, MacLean, Alan, Armstrong, Ruth, Boz, Ceilia, Brown, Adam, Coutts, Audrey, Cullum, Louise, Day, Nicky, Donnelly, Lorna, Duncan, Esther, Fawkes, Angie, Finernan, Paul, Gilchrist, Tammy, Golightly, Ailsa, Hafezi, Katarzyna, Law, Dawn, Law, Rachel, Law, Sarah, Macgillivray, Louise, Maclean, Alan, Mal, Hanning, Mcmaster, Ellie, Meikle, Jen, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Paterson, Trevor, Stenhouse, Andrew, Swets, Maaike, Szoor-McElhinney, Helen, Taneski, Filip, Wackett, Tony, Ward, Mairi, Weaver, Jane, Coyle, Judy, Gallagher, Bernadette, Lidstone-Scott, Rebecca, Hamilton, Debbie, Schon, Katherine, Furlong, Anita, Biggs, Heather, Griffiths, Fiona, Andrews, Eleanor, Brickell, Kathy, Smyth, Michelle, Murphy, Lorna, Carson, Gail, Hardwick, Hayley, and Donohue, Chloe
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631/208 ,692/699/255/2514 ,631/208/205/2138 ,45/43 ,article ,631/326/596/4130 ,3. Good health - Abstract
The genetic make-up of an individual contributes to the susceptibility and response to viral infection. Although environmental, clinical and social factors have a role in the chance of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the severity of COVID-191, 2, host genetics may also be important. Identifying host-specific genetic factors may reveal biological mechanisms of therapeutic relevance and clarify causal relationships of modifiable environmental risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes. We formed a global network of researchers to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Here we describe the results of three genome-wide association meta-analyses that consist of up to 49,562 patients with COVID-19 from 46 studies across 19 countries. We report 13 genome-wide significant loci that are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe manifestations of COVID-19. Several of these loci correspond to previously documented associations to lung or autoimmune and inflammatory diseases3���7. They also represent potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection. Mendelian randomization analyses support a causal role for smoking and body-mass index for severe COVID-19 although not for type II diabetes. The identification of novel host genetic factors associated with COVID-19 was made possible by the community of human genetics researchers coming together to prioritize the sharing of data, results, resources and analytical frameworks. This working model of international collaboration underscores what is possible for future genetic discoveries in emerging pandemics, or indeed for any complex human disease.
173. A case showing a rare evolution from hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy to "dilated" cardiomyopathy demonstrated by echocardiography.
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KANEMOTO, Nariaki, primary, KAWANA, Akihiko, additional, IMAOKA, Chiemi, additional, and GOTO, Yuichiro, additional
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- 1987
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174. Relapsing polychondritis after COVID‐19 vaccination.
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Ito, Koki, Ogawa, Takunori, Igarashi, Shunya, Miyai, Kosuke, Sato, Kimiya, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kimizuka, Yoshifumi
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AUTOIMMUNE diseases , *VACCINATION , *MEDICAL personnel , *MESSENGER RNA , *VACCINES - Abstract
Relapsing polychondritis (RP) is a rare inflammatory disorder involving immune‐mediated destruction of cartilaginous structures. Herein, we present the first report of a strong association between COVID‐19 vaccination and RP development. Clinicians should be aware that RP is among the autoimmune diseases that can develop after mRNA vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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175. Severe Atelectasis due to Aspirated Valproic Acid Tablet.
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Tanigaki, Tomomi, Ogawa, Takunori, Nomura, Sakika, Ito, Koki, Kurata, Yuhei, Matsukida, Akira, Ishihara, Morio, Yoshino, Aihide, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kimizuka, Yoshifumi
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VALPROIC acid , *RESPIRATORY insufficiency , *ATELECTASIS , *EPITHELIAL cells , *EPILEPSY , *CELL lines , *TREATMENT effectiveness - Abstract
A 60-year-old man treated with valproic acid (VPA) for epilepsy developed atelectasis and respiratory failure after an accidentally aspirated VPA tablet-induced mucus hypersecretion. Following bronchoscopic removal of the aspirated tablet, his respiratory status improved and massive sputum production did not recur. We hypothesized that the aspirated VPA tablet increased the expression of mucin-related genes, thereby increasing mucus production. Our in vitro experiments using a human respiratory epithelial cell line revealed that VPA directly upregulates the airway mucin-related genes. We believe that this is the first case report of aspirated VPA-induced severe atelectasis and respiratory failure, which were successfully treated with the bronchoscopic removal of the VPA tablet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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176. IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis induced by nivolumab and ipilimumab in a patient with non‐small cell lung cancer: A case report.
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Nishimura, Masashi, Kimizuka, Yoshifumi, Ogawa, Takunori, Tsuchiya, Motohiro, Kato, Yoshiki, Matsukida, Akira, Igarashi, Shunya, Ito, Koki, Serizawa, Yusuke, Tanigaki, Tomomi, Fujikura, Yuji, Katsurada, Yuka, Ogata, Sho, and Kawana, Akihiko
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STEROID drugs , *LUNG cancer , *RETROPERITONEUM , *PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors , *IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors , *BIOPSY , *FIBROSIS , *IPILIMUMAB , *AUTOIMMUNE diseases , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN G , *LYMPHOCYTES , *NIVOLUMAB , *COMPUTED tomography , *IMMUNOTHERAPY - Abstract
IgG4‐related diseases are adverse events that occur after receiving treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). This study reports the first case of IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis after the administration of chemotherapy with nivolumab and ipilimumab (NI therapy). An 80‐year‐old man developed lower abdominal pain eight months after NI therapy was initiated. Although the primary lesion maintained its reduced size on computed tomography, there was an increase in the soft tissue shadows intensity around the abdominal aorta, bladder, and seminal vesicles, suggesting retroperitoneal fibrosis. Blood tests showed elevated IgG4 levels. Computed tomography‐guided biopsy of the retroperitoneum showed B cell‐dominant lymphocyte infiltration consistent with IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis and characteristic CD8‐positive lymphocyte infiltration, suggestive of the involvement of cytotoxic T cells. Based on the clinical, imaging, and pathological findings, the patient was diagnosed with IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis due to ICI. Immunotherapy discontinuation alone did not result in improvement; therefore, steroid therapy was initiated. In clinical practice, IgG4‐related retroperitoneal fibrosis can occur as an immune‐related adverse event when administering anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐CTLA‐4 antibodies for cancer immunotherapy. Early steroid therapy could be effective in controlling this immune‐related adverse event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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177. Ocular candidiasis in a tertiary hospital in Japan: A 10-year single-center retrospective study.
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Sano, Tomoya, Sasaki, Hisashi, Maki, Yohei, Nagaoka, Ryosuke, Hamamoto, Takaaki, Sugaoka, Shimpei, Kanda, Takayuki, Takeuchi, Masaru, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kimizuka, Yoshifumi
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CANDIDEMIA , *CANDIDIASIS , *CENTRAL venous catheters , *CANDIDA tropicalis , *ANTIFUNGAL agents , *CANDIDA albicans - Abstract
Ocular candidiasis is a major complication of candidemia that is sometimes sight-threatening. Although prompt ophthalmologic consultation and antifungal medication have been emphasized, recent changes in the causative species and drug susceptibilities make the picture unclear. This study aimed to determine whether there are trends among patients with ocular candidiasis and included 80 patients with candidemia who underwent ophthalmological screening at our hospital between 2010 and 2020. Data on the clinical characteristics, comorbidities, biochemical test results, causative Candida species, treatment, outcomes, visual acuity, and antifungal susceptibility were collected and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed by comparing two groups, namely, the ocular candidiasis (n = 29) and non-ocular candidiasis (n = 51) groups. In the ocular candidiasis group, there were significantly more cases of central venous catheter insertion (82.8%, p = 0.026) and Candida albicans candidemia (72.4%, p < 0.001). Regarding ocular involvement, the majority of patients were asymptomatic. Most cases improved with antifungal therapy, but one case underwent vitrectomy. Between 2016 and 2020, there was a diversification of species, with a decrease in Candida parapsilosis and the emergence of Candida glabrata and Candida tropicalis. Regarding drug susceptibility, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of echinocandin and 5-fluorocytosine against Candida albicans , Candida parapsilosis , and Candida glabrata were slightly increased. In conclusion, in addition to appropriately performing ophthalmologic examinations, it is beneficial to select antifungal agents according to the diversity of species and drug susceptibilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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178. Massive pleural effusion in porous diaphragm syndrome due to lymphatic leakage after pelvic surgery.
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Nishimura, Masashi, Ogawa, Takunori, Tanigaki, Tomomi, Sumi, Koji, Enjoji, Yasuhiro, Suyama, Yohsuke, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kimizuka, Yoshifumi
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PLEURAL effusions , *PELVIS , *LYMPHANGIOGRAPHY , *LEAKAGE , *ABDOMEN , *SYNDROMES , *THORACIC surgery - Abstract
Key message: We present the case of a patient who developed a massive right pleural effusion after pelvic surgery, not thoracic surgery. Lymphatic leakage into the abdominal cavity after pelvic surgery can cause massive pleural effusion when complicated with porous diaphragm syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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179. Stereotactic body radiotherapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients undergoing or eligible for long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy
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Hara, Yu, Takeda, Atsuya, Eriguchi, Takahisa, Sanuki, Naoko, Aoki, Yousuke, Nishimura, Shuichi, Enomoto, Tatsuji, Shinkai, Masaharu, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kaneko, Takeshi
- Abstract
A major cause of death in patients undergoing long-term domiciliary oxygen therapy (LTOT) is lung cancer progression. In our institution, we actively perform stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) on patients with early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer undergoing LTOT. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the treatment efficacy and safety of SBRT for patients with T1-3N0M0 non–small-cell lung cancer who had been prescribed LTOT for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A total of 24 patients were studied. Their median age was 74 years (range, 63–87 years). The median duration from the start of LTOT to SBRT was 23 months (range, 0–85 months). Four of the 24 patients underwent lobectomy due to lung cancer. The median follow-up duration was 29 months (range, 5–79 months). One patient had a local recurrence. The median survival time was 30 months. The 3-year overall survival was 49%. In 6 of the 24 patients (25%), COPD presented with interstitial pneumonia. The 3-year overall survival for patients with COPD without interstitial pneumonia was significantly better than that for patients with both COPD and interstitial pneumonia (67% and 0%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Grade 5 radiation pneumonitis occurred in one patient (4%) with COPD with interstitial pneumonia. SBRT was tolerated by patients with early-stage non–small-cell lung cancer undergoing LTOT. SBRT should be considered for patients undergoing LTOT. However, clinicians should consider the risk of severe radiation pneumonitis in patients with interstitial pneumonia.
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- 2016
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180. Impact of frequency and duration of freeze-dried inactivated tissue culture hepatitis A vaccine (Aimmugen®) vaccination on antibody titers; a japanese cross-sectional study.
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Maki, Yohei, Edo, Naoki, Mizuguchi, Makoto, Ikeda, Mikihito, Kitano, Masato, Kitagami, Etsuko, Osa, Morichika, Yamamoto, Shotaro, Ogawa, Takunori, Nakamura, Takahiro, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kimizuka, Yoshifumi
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VIRAL antibodies , *ANTIBODY titer , *TISSUE culture , *HEPATITIS A vaccines , *IMMUNOGLOBULINS , *VACCINATION status , *VACCINATION - Abstract
The effect of the timing of additional doses and the long-term persistence of lyophilized inactivated tissue culture hepatitis A (HA) vaccine (Aimmugen®) on antibodies is unknown. A single-center, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in collaboration with the Japan Air Self-Defense Force, whose personnel were immunized with Aimmugen® when deployed to endemic areas. Patients who consented to this study after a medical examination with blood sampling between June 2022 and February 2023 were included; HA-IgG level in the residual serum was measured using the chemiluminescent immunoassay method. The exact vaccination history was investigated based on immunization records maintained by the Ministry of Defense, and a questionnaire was used to collect confounding factors. Of the 181 participants observed, 49 were in the unvaccinated group, and 132 were in the vaccinated group. Out of the vaccinated group, 6.8 % received either one or two doses, 40.9 % received three doses, and 52.3 % received more than four doses. IgG antibody titers (S/CO value) in each group (0, 1 or 2, 3, and over 4) increased in a frequency-dependent manner, with those vaccinated over four times showing significantly higher IgG antibody titers than all other groups (0.19 ± 0.10 vs 3.66 ± 3.00 vs 7.63 ± 3.57 vs 10.57 ± 1.86, respectively). When the number of months elapsed from the last vaccination to the date of blood collection in each group was plotted against IgG antibody titer, the slope of the regression line flattened out from a decreasing trend in the order 1 or 2, 3, over 4. Three doses of Aimmugen® are efficacious, but four or more doses induce more robust and sustained antibody production. Additionally, four or more doses may be effective when there is a need to ensure long-term immunity or risk of prolonged exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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181. Successful Chemotherapy for Diffuse Cystic Lung Metastases during Targeted Therapy with Osimertinib in a Patient with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: A Literature Review and a Rare Case Report.
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Matsukida, Akira, Ogawa, Takunori, Tanigaki, Tomomi, Serizawa, Yusuke, Nishimura, Masashi, Igarashi, Shunya, Kato, Yoshiki, Kawana, Akihiko, and Kimizuka, Yoshifumi
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NON-small-cell lung carcinoma , *LITERATURE reviews , *EPIDERMAL growth factor receptors , *OSIMERTINIB , *LUNGS - Abstract
Introduction: Diffuse lung cysts occur owing to several diseases; however, diffuse cystic lung metastases are very rare in the case of lung cancer. We report a rare case of diffuse cystic lung metastases from lung adenocarcinoma and reviewed previously reported cases of cystic lung metastases for lung cancer and determined their characteristics. Case Presentation: A 78-year-old Japanese woman with advanced lung adenocarcinoma was positive for the epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutation exon 21 L858R and had been treated with osimertinib. She presented with multiple bilaterally positioned thin-walled lung cysts and pneumothorax. Lung cysts were diagnosed as cystic lung metastases from lung cancer, and carboplatin, pemetrexed, and pembrolizumab were subsequently administered. All cysts markedly decreased in size, and some disappeared. Conclusion: Effective treatment methods for cystic lung metastases from lung cancer have not been reported. To our knowledge, this is the first case of cystic lung metastases that were successfully treated with chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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182. Development of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma during prophylactic antibiotic treatment for anti-interferon-gamma autoantibody syndrome: A case report.
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Tanigaki, Tomomi, Kimizuka, Yoshifumi, Maki, Yohei, Sato, Chikako, Yoshimatsu, Shinya, Ogata, Hiraku, Nomura, Sakika, Nishimura, Masashi, Serizawa, Yusuke, Ito, Koki, Igarashi, Shunya, Kurata, Yuhei, Ohno, Tomohiro, Miyata, Jun, Fujikura, Yuji, Sato, Kimiya, Ogata, Sho, and Kawana, Akihiko
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AUTOANTIBODIES , *LYMPHOMAS , *SYNDROMES , *MYCOSES , *MYCOBACTERIAL diseases , *SEZARY syndrome , *BURULI ulcer - Abstract
Anti-interferon (IFN)-γ autoantibody-positive syndrome is one of the acquired non-HIV cellular immunodeficiencies, caused by abnormalities in the IFN-γ/interleukin (IL)-12 pathways. It is often diagnosed alongside the onset of disseminated mycobacterium infection, and requires continuous antimycobacterial chemotherapy; however, the detailed pathological mechanisms underlying this syndrome, including its prognosis, are not known. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma complicated by anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome, presented in an 82-year-old woman. The patient had been diagnosed with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody immunodeficiency ten years ago. She had repeated subacute fever of undetermined origin for 13 months that made us suspect infections, such as disseminated mycobacterium disease and other viral and fungal infections, despite receiving prophylactic antimycobacterial chemotherapy with rifampicin and clarithromycin. However, all the screenings performed showed no evidence of infectious diseases; thus, she was finally diagnosed with intravascular large B-cell lymphoma via a random skin biopsy. Unfortunately, the patient debilitated rapidly and died. Evidence supporting a correlation between anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome and carcinogenesis is still lacking, although it is known that patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome are at risk of persistent viral infection-related and T-cell lineage-related carcinogenesis. This case demonstrated that patients with anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome are also at risk of developing B-cell lymphoma, such as intravascular lymphoma. This emphasizes that caution should be paid to increased risk of developing malignancy during the long-term management of anti-IFN-γ autoantibody syndrome with cellular immunodeficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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183. Clinical manifestations of hospitalized influenza patients without risk factors: A prospective multicenter cohort study in Japan via internet surveillance.
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Ishida, Tadashi, Seki, Masafumi, Oishi, Kazunori, Tateda, Kazuhiro, Fujita, Jiro, Kadota, Jun-ichi, Kawana, Akihiko, Izumikawa, Koichi, Kikuchi, Toshiaki, Ohmagari, Norio, Yamada, Mitsuhiro, Maruyama, Takaya, Takazono, Takahiro, Miki, Makoto, Miyazaki, Yoshitsugu, Yamazaki, Yoshitaka, Kakeya, Hiroshi, Ogawa, Kenji, Nagai, Hideaki, and Watanabe, Akira
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INFLUENZA , *DISEASE risk factors , *INTERNET usage monitoring , *SYMPTOMS , *HOSPITAL patients , *COHORT analysis - Abstract
Influenza remains a clinically heavy burden worldwide. It is well known that some populations are at high risk of complications from influenza, whereas, even previously healthy people might suffer from severe influenza. The objective of this study was to clarify clinical manifestations of hospitalized patients without risk factors infected with influenza. The clinical data for patients who were severely ill with influenza, and required hospitalization were gathered and analyzed between November 2014 and August 2020 (6 influenza seasons) using an internet-surveillance system. Among them, the patients who had no risk factors of complications from influenza were extracted. Finally, a total of 91 patients (9.0% of all influenza-related hospitalizations) without risk factors were analyzed. The no risk group was younger than the risk group, though other significant differences of clinical characteristics were not recognized between the groups. Pneumonia was the most common cause of hospitalization in the no risk group, and primary influenza viral pneumonia was the most common pneumonia. Antiviral drugs were administered in 96.7% of the no-risk group, and artificial ventilation was performed in 18.7%. In-hospital death was recorded for 3 patients without risk factors. Severe complications of influenza which required hospitalization may occur in a certain degree of patients with no risk factors. Efforts are needed to diagnose and treat influenza appropriately even in previously healthy younger patients. Continuous nationwide surveillance will be required to clarify risk factors for severe influenza even in previously healthy younger patients. (UMIN000015989). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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184. Radiological significance of mediastinal lymphadenopathy in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis.
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Sasaki, Hisashi, Miyata, Jun, Suematsu, Ryohei, Kimizuka, Yoshifumi, Fujikura, Yuji, Kichikawa, Yoshiko, Sugiura, Hiroaki, Itoh, Kenji, and Kawana, Akihiko
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CHURG-Strauss syndrome , *LYMPHADENITIS - Published
- 2022
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185. Specificity of tuberculin skin test improved by BCG immunization schedule change in Japan.
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Sakiyama, Masayuki, Kozaki, Yuji, Komatsu, Tomohiro, Niwa, Katsuki, Suzuki, Hiroshi, Ota, Mikako, Ono, Yosuke, Miyagawa, Yoshihiro, Kiyozumi, Tetsuro, and Kawana, Akihiko
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TUBERCULIN test , *SKIN tests , *IMMUNIZATION , *BCG vaccines , *JAPANESE people - Abstract
Tuberculin skin test (TST) has been used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, in Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccinated patients, TST tends to produce false-positive results. According to the previous vaccination schedule, Japanese people were mandated to receive up to three doses of BCG-vaccine. The vaccination schedule was changed in 2003 and as per the new schedule, only infants are administered a dose of BCG vaccine. Our hypothesis is that this change can lead to a reduction in the cross-reaction to TST. We evaluated the TST results obtained from 1097 recruits from six defense camps and 667 recruits from an air base. These TST data were divided into two groups according to the date of birth: a new group and an old group according to the BCG immunization schedule. We then analyzed positive and negative reaction of TST and erythema sizes. We confirmed that the change in BCG-vaccination schedule significantly decreased TST false-positive reaction (P meta = 1.4 × 10−18; risk ratio = 0.83; 95% confidence interval: 0.80–0.87) and erythema size (P meta = 1.1 × 10−4; mean difference = 6.6 mm; 95% confidence interval: 3.2 mm–9.9 mm). We showed the reduction in BCG cross-reaction to TST, in the new BCG vaccination schedule group, compared to the old group, we also have extracted information on the improvement in the specificity of TST for LTBI and TB diagnosis, which resulted from BCG schedule change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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186. A case report of coronavirus disease‐2019‐induced acute asthma exacerbation in an obese patient.
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Sasaki, Hisashi, Miyata, Jun, Kobayashi, Ai, Kawano, Shuichi, and Kawana, Akihiko
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DISEASE exacerbation , *COVID-19 pandemic , *COVID-19 , *IMMUNOGLOBULIN E , *OBESITY , *WHEEZE , *CORONAVIRUS diseases - Abstract
The coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) has spread worldwide. Previous studies indicated a low prevalence of COVID‐19 induced acute exacerbations of asthma. We present a 39‐year‐old‐male obese asthmatic case who experienced acute asthma exacerbation during COVID‐19. On day 8 of infection, his cough and dyspnea worsened with hypoxia and wheezing. Laboratory test results revealed elevated interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels without eosinophilia. Two months since the onset, hypoxia disappeared with decreased IL‐6 and IgE levels. Our case suggested that obesity and high serum IL‐6 and IgE levels may have contributed to atypical asthma exacerbation in COVID‐19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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187. Clinical manifestations of adult patients requiring influenza-associated hospitalization: A prospective multicenter cohort study in Japan via internet surveillance.
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Ishida, Tadashi, Seki, Masafumi, Oishi, Kazunori, Tateda, Kazuhiro, Fujita, Jiro, Kadota, Jun-ichi, Kawana, Akihiko, Izumikawa, Koichi, Kikuchi, Toshiaki, Ohmagari, Norio, Yamada, Mitsuhiro, Maruyama, Takaya, Takazono, Takahiro, Miki, Makoto, Miyazaki, Yoshitsugu, Yamazaki, Yoshitaka, Kakeya, Hiroshi, Ogawa, Kenji, Nagai, Hideaki, and Watanabe, Akira
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INTERNET usage monitoring , *NURSING home patients , *INFLUENZA , *COHORT analysis , *HOSPITAL mortality , *RESPIRATORY diseases - Abstract
Influenza remains a clinically heavy burden worldwide. The objective of this study was to clarify clinical manifestations of severely ill patients infected with influenza. The clinical data for patients who were severely ill with influenza, and required hospitalization were gathered and analyzed between November 2014 and August 2019 (5 influenza seasons) using an internet-surveillance system. A total of 924 patients were enrolled and analyzed. The median age was 78 years (IQR, 67–84), and the patients in the 2015–2016 season were significantly younger than those in other seasons. Pneumonia was the most common disease indicated as a cause for hospitalization, followed by a poor general condition and exacerbation of underlying respiratory diseases. Antiviral drugs were administered in 97.0% of the patients with peramivir being the most-frequently use antiviral. In-hospital death was recorded for 44 patients (4.8%). Multivariate analysis indicated that nursing home resident (OR: 6.554) and obesity (OR: 24.343) were independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. Complications of influenza infection remain a heavy burden especially among the elderly. Continuous nationwide surveillance will be required to grasp the actual situation of influenza epidemics. (UMIN000015989). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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188. Prediction of an increase in oxygen requirement of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia using three different scoring systems.
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Kodama, Tatsuya, Obinata, Hirofumi, Mori, Hitoshi, Murakami, Wakana, Suyama, Yohsuke, Sasaki, Hisashi, Kouzaki, Yuji, Kawano, Shuichi, Kawana, Akihiko, and Mimura, Satoshi
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COVID-19 , *SARS-CoV-2 , *PNEUMONIA , *LIVER enzymes , *COMMUNITY-acquired pneumonia - Abstract
In patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory failure is a major complication and its symptoms occur around one week after onset. The CURB-65, A-DROP and expanded CURB-65 tools are known to predict the risk of mortality in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. In this retrospective single-center retrospective study, we aimed to assess the correlations of the A-DROP, CURB-65, and expanded CURB-65 scores on admission with an increase in oxygen requirement in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia. We retrospectively analyzed 207 patients who were hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia at the Self-Defense Forces Central Hospital in Tokyo, Japan. Performance of A-DROP, CURB-65, and the expanded CURB-65 scores were validated. In addition, we assessed whether there were any associations between an increase in oxygen requirement and known risk factors for critical illness in COVID-19, including elevation of liver enzymes and C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocytopenia, high D-dimer levels and the chest computed tomography (CT) score. The areas under the curve for the ability of CURB-65, A-DROP, and the expanded CURB-65 scores to predict an increase in oxygen requirement were 0.6961, 0.6980 and 0.8327, respectively, and the differences between the three groups were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Comorbid cardiovascular disease, lymphocytopenia, elevated CRP, liver enzyme and D-dimer levels, and higher chest CT score were significantly associated with an increase in oxygen requirement The expanded CURB-65 score can be a better predictor of an increase in oxygen requirement in patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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189. Development of a highly resolved loop-mediated isothermal amplification method to detect the N526K ftsI mutation of β-lactamase-negative ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae.
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Tamura, Shinsuke, Maeda, Takuya, Misawa, Kazuhisa, Osa, Morichika, Hamamoto, Takaaki, Yuki, Atsushi, Imai, Kazuo, Mikita, Kei, Morichika, Kyoko, Kawana, Akihiko, Matsumoto, Hiroshi, and Nonoyama, Shigeaki
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GENETIC polymorphisms , *HAEMOPHILUS influenzae , *NUCLEOTIDE analysis , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms , *SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Rapid and easy detection of sequence polymorphisms, including nucleotide point mutations of bacterial pathogens responsible for amino acid substitutions linked to drug resistance, is essential for the proper use of antimicrobial agents. Here, a detection method using loop-mediated amplification (LAMP) combined with amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) to accurately distinguish a different single nucleotide in the target sequence was established, named ARMS-SNP LAMP. This procedure is capable of species-specific detection of a nucleotide (1578T) in the ftsI gene on Haemophilus influenzae without amplifying the sequence carrying the point mutations (T1578G/A) in β-lactamase-negative ampicillin resistant (BLNAR) strains. Reactions were performed at 61 °C for 45 min. Successful target gene amplifications were detected by measuring real-time turbidity using a turbidimeter and visual detection. The assay had a detection limit of 10.0 pg of genomic DNA per reaction and showed specificity against 52 types of pathogens, whereas amplifications were completely blocked in even 100.0 ng/μL of genomic DNA with point mutations at T1578G and T1578A. The expected ARMS-SNP LAMP products were confirmed through identical melting curves in real-time LAMP procedures. This novel procedure was also used to analyze 57 clinical isolates of H. influenzae . All 25 clinical isolates with the naïve sequence of 1578T gave positive results. In addition, concordant negative results were obtained for 31 of the BLNAR strains with the T1578G mutation and one strain with the T1578A mutation. The ARMS-SNP LAMP method is a simple and rapid method for SNP-genotyping of a clinical isolate as point-of-care testing (POCT) technology. It is suitable for use in both resource-limited situations and well-equipped clinical settings because of its simplicity and convenience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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190. Blood stream infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii group in Japan – Epidemiological and clinical investigation.
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Fujikura, Yuji, Yuki, Atsushi, Hamamoto, Takaaki, Kawana, Akihiko, Ohkusu, Kiyofumi, and Matsumoto, Tetsuya
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ACINETOBACTER baumannii , *EPIDEMIOLOGY , *BLOOD diseases , *NOSOCOMIAL infections , *AMIKACIN , *DRUG resistance in bacteria - Abstract
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus–Acinetobacter baumannii complex, especially A. baumannii , Acinetobacter pittii and Acinetobacter nosocomialis , constitutes an important group of nosocomial pathogens; however, epidemiological or clinical characteristics and prognosis is limited in Japan. From 2009 to 2013, 47 blood stream infection cases resulting from A. baumannii group were reviewed at the National Defense Medical College, an 800-bed tertiary hospital. To determine the genospecies, further comparative nucleotide sequence analyses of the RNA polymerase b-subunit ( rpoB ) gene were performed. Sequence analysis of rpoB gene showed that 25 (49.0%), 17 (33.3%) and 5 (9.8%) cases were caused by A. baumannii , A. pittii and A. nosocomialis , respectively. The 30-day and in-hospital mortality rates of A. baumannii were 8.5% and 25.5%, respectively, and there were no significant differences between Acinetobacter species. Clinical characteristics were statistically insignificant. Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter species were detected in 3 cases (5.9%) with same pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern and A. baumannii was less susceptible to amikacin and levofloxacin. In this study, the mortality and clinical characteristics were similar among A. baumannii group isolate cases despite some showing drug resistance. However, identification of Acinetobacter species helps to initiate appropriate antibiotic therapy in earlier treatment phase, because A. baumannii shows some drug resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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191. Mapping the human genetic architecture of COVID-19
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Niemi, MEK, Karjalainen, J, Liao, RG, Neale, BM, Daly, M, Ganna, A, Pathak, GA, Andrews, SJ, Kanai, M, Veerapen, K, Fernandez-Cadenas, I, Schulte, EC, Striano, P, Marttila, M, Minica, C, Marouli, E, Karim, MA, Wendt, FR, Savage, J, Sloofman, L, Butler-Laporte, G, Kim, H-N, Kanoni, S, Okada, Y, Byun, J, Han, Y, Uddin, MJ, Smith, GD, Willer, CJ, Buxbaum, JD, Mehtonen, J, Finucane, H, Cordioli, M, Martin, AR, Zhou, W, Pasaniuc, B, Julienne, H, Aschard, H, Shi, H, Yengo, L, Polimanti, R, Ghoussaini, M, Schwartzentruber, J, Dunham, I, Chwialkowska, K, Francescatto, M, Trankiem, A, Balaconis, MK, Davis, L, Lee, S, Priest, J, Renieri, A, Sankaran, VG, van Heel, D, Deelen, P, Richards, JB, Nakanishi, T, Biesecker, L, Kerchberger, VE, Kenneth, J, Mari, F, Bernasconi, A, Ceri, S, Canakoglu, A, Wolford, B, Faucon, A, Dutta, AK, Schurmann, C, Harry, E, Birney, E, Nguyen, H, Nasir, J, Kaunisto, M, Solomonson, M, Dueker, N, Vadgama, N, Limou, S, Rahmouni, S, Mbarek, H, Darwish, D, Uddin, MM, Albertos, R, Perez-Tur, J, Li, R, Folkersen, L, Moltke, I, Koelling, N, Teumer, A, Kousathanas, A, Utrilla, A, Verdugo, RA, Zarate, R, Medina-Gomez, C, Gomez-Cabrero, D, Carnero-Montoro, E, Cadilla, CL, Moreno-Estrada, A, Garmendia, A, Moya, L, Sedaghati-Khayat, B, Boua, PR, Fave, M-J, Francioli, L, Lemacon, A, Migeotte, I, Patel, S, Varnai, R, Szentpeteri, JL, Sipeky, C, Colombo, F, von Hohenstaufen, K, Lio, P, Vallerga, C, Wang, Q, Tanigawa, Y, Im, H, Han, C, Song, H, Lim, J, Lee, Y, Kim, S, Im, S, Atanasovska, B, Ahmad, HF, Boer, C, Jansen, P, Franke, L, Kaja, E, Pasko, D, Kennis-Szilagyi, I, Kornilov, SA, Prijatelj, V, Prokic, I, Sivanadhan, I, Perumal, S, Esmaeeli, S, Pearson, NM, Auton, A, Shelton, JF, Shastri, AJ, Filshtein-Sonmez, T, Coker, D, Symons, A, Esparza-Gordillo, J, Aslibekyan, S, O'Connell, J, Ye, C, Weldon, CH, Perera, M, O'Leary, K, Tuck, M, O'Brien, T, Meltzer, D, O'Donnell, P, Nutescu, E, Yang, G, Alarcon, C, Herrmann, S, Mazurek, S, Banagan, J, Hamidi, Z, Barbour, A, Raffat, N, Moreno, D, Friedman, P, Ferwerda, B, van de Beek, D, Brouwer, MC, Vlaar, APJ, Wiersinga, WJ, Posthuma, D, Tissink, E, Zwinderman, AHK, Uffelmann, E, van Agtmael, M, Algera, AG, van Baarle, F, Bax, D, Beudel, M, Bogaard, HJ, Bomers, M, Bonta, PI, Bos, L, Botta, M, de Brabander, J, de Bree, G, de Bruin, S, Bugiani, M, Bulle, E, Chouchane, O, Cloherty, A, Dongelmans, D, Elbers, P, Fleuren, L, Geerlings, S, Geerts, B, Geijtenbeek, T, Girbes, A, Goorhuis, B, Grobusch, MP, Hafkamp, F, Hagens, L, Hamann, J, Harris, V, Hemke, R, Hermans, SM, Heunks, L, Hollmann, M, Horn, J, Hovius, JW, de Jong, MD, Koning, R, van Mourik, N, Nellen, J, Nossent, EJ, Paulus, F, Peters, E, van der Poll, T, Preckel, B, Prins, JM, Raasveld, J, Reijnders, T, Schinkel, M, Schultz, MJ, Schuurman, A, Sigaloff, K, Smit, M, Stijnis, CS, Stilma, W, Teunissen, C, Thoral, P, Tsonas, A, van der Valk, M, Veelo, D, de Vries, H, van Vugt, M, Wouters, D, Minnaar, RP, Kromhout, A, van Uffelen, KWJ, Wolterman, RA, Roberts, G, Park, D, Ball, CA, Coignet, M, McCurdy, S, Knight, S, Partha, R, Rhead, B, Zhang, M, Berkowitz, N, Gaddis, M, Noto, K, Ruiz, L, Pavlovic, M, Hong, EL, Rand, K, Girshick, A, Guturu, H, Baltzell, AH, Guntz, J, Beguin, Y, Pigazzini, S, Nkambule, L, Bouysran, Y, Busson, A, Peyrassol, X, Wilkin, F, Pichon, B, Smits, G, Vandernoot, I, Goffard, J-C, Georges, M, Moutschen, M, Misset, B, Darcis, G, Guiot, J, Jadot, L, Azarzar, S, Dellot, P, Gofflot, S, Claassen, S, Bertrand, A, Parzibut, G, Clarinval, M, Moermans, C, Malaise, O, El Kandoussi, K, Thonon, R, Huynen, P, Mesdagh, A, Melo, S, Jacques, N, Di Valentin, E, Giroule, F, Collignon, A, Radermecker, C, Lebrun, M, Peree, H, Latour, S, Barada, O, Sanchez, J, Josse, C, Boujemla, B, Meunier, M, Mariavelle, E, Anania, S, Gazon, H, Juszczak, D, Fadeur, M, Camby, S, Meuris, C, Thys, M, Jacques, J, Henket, M, Leonard, P, Frippiat, F, Giot, J-B, Sauvage, A-S, Von Frenckell, C, Mni, M, Wery, M, Staderoli, A, Belhaj, Y, Lambermont, B, Morrison, DR, Mooser, V, Forgetta, V, Ghosh, B, Laurent, L, Belisle, A, Henry, D, Abdullah, T, Adeleye, O, Mamlouk, N, Kimchi, N, Afrasiabi, Z, Rezk, N, Vulesevic, B, Bouab, M, Guzman, C, Petitjean, L, Tselios, C, Xue, X, Afilalo, J, Afilalo, M, Oliveira, M, Brenner, B, Brassard, N, Durand, M, Schurr, E, Lepage, P, Ragoussis, J, Auld, D, Chasse, M, Kaufmann, DE, Lathrop, GM, Adra, D, Davis, LK, Cox, NJ, Below, JE, Sealock, JM, Faucon, AB, Shuey, MM, Polikowsky, HG, Petty, LE, Shaw, DM, Chen, H-H, Zhu, W, Ludwig, KU, Schroeder, J, Maj, C, Rolker, S, Noethen, MM, Fazaal, J, Keitel, V, Jensen, B-EO, Feldt, T, Kurth, I, Marx, N, Dreher, M, Pink, I, Cornberg, M, Illig, T, Lehmann, C, Schommers, P, Augustin, M, Rybniker, J, Knopp, L, Eggermann, T, Volland, S, Altmueller, J, Berger, MM, Brenner, T, Hinney, A, Witzke, O, Bals, R, Herr, C, Ludwig, N, Walter, J, Fuchsberger, C, Pattaro, C, De Grandi, A, Pramstaller, P, Emmert, D, Melotti, R, Foco, L, Mascalzoni, D, Gogele, M, Domingues, F, Hicks, A, Gignoux, CR, Wicks, SJ, Crooks, K, Barnes, KC, Daya, M, Shortt, J, Rafaels, N, Chavan, S, Goldstein, DB, Kiryluk, K, Sengupta, S, Chung, W, Reilly, MP, Khan, A, Wang, C, Povysil, G, Bhardwaj, N, Gharavi, AG, Ionita-Laza, I, Shang, N, O'Byrne, SM, Nandakumar, R, Menon, A, So, YS, Hod, E, Pendrick, D, Park, S-K, Kim, H-L, Kang, CK, Lee, H-J, Song, K-H, Yoon, KJ, Paik, N-J, Seok, W, Yoon, H, Joo, E-J, Chang, Y, Ryu, S, Park, WB, Park, JS, Park, KU, Ham, SY, Jung, J, Kim, ES, Kim, HB, Ellinghaus, D, Degenhardt, F, Caceres, M, Juzenas, S, Lenz, TL, Albillos, A, Julia, A, Heidecker, B, Garcia, F, Kurth, F, Tran, F, Hanses, F, Zoller, H, Holter, JC, Fernandez, J, Sander, LE, Rosenstiel, P, Koehler, P, de Cid, R, Asselta, R, Schreiber, S, Hehr, U, Prati, D, Baselli, G, Valenti, L, Bujanda, L, Banales, JM, Duga, S, D'Amato, M, Romero-Gomez, M, Buti, M, Invernizzi, P, Franke, A, Hov, JR, Karlsen, TH, Folseraas, T, Maya-Miles, D, Teles, A, Azuure, C, Wacker, EM, 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Mandalà, Marco, Zucchi, Patrizia, Giannattasio, Ferdinando, Coviello, Domenico A., Mussini, Cristina, Bosio, Giancarlo, Tavecchia, Luisa, Crotti, Lia, Rizzi, Marco, La Rovere, Maria Teresa, Sarzi-Braga, Simona, Bussotti, Maurizio, Ravaglia, Sabrina, Artuso, Rosangela, Perrella, Antonio, Romani, Davide, Bergomi, Paola, Catena, Emanuele, Vincenti, Antonella, Ferri, Claudio, Grassi, Davide, Pessina, Gloria, Tumbarello, Mario, Di Pietro, Massimo, Sabrina, Ravaglia, Luchi, Sauro, Barbieri, Chiara, Acquilini, Donatella, Andreucci, Elena, Paciosi, Francesco, Segala, Francesco Vladimiro, Tiseo, Giusy, Falcone, Marco, Lista, Mirjam, Poscente, Monica, De Vivo, Oreste, Petrocelli, Paola, Guarnaccia, Alessandra, Baroni, Silvia, Perticaroli, Valentina, Furini, Simone, Dei, Simona, Benetti, Elisa, Picchiotti, Nicola, Sanarico, Maurizio, Ceri, Stefano, Pinoli, Pietro, Raimondi, Francesco, Biscarini, Filippo, Stella, Alessandra, Bergomi, Mattia, Zguro, Kristina, Capitani, Katia, Tanfoni, Marco, 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Eunsoon, Jang, Hye Yoon, Kim, Sunmie, Kym, Sungmin, Kim, Yeon-Sook, Jeong, Hyeongseok, Kwon, Ki Tae, Kim, Shin-Woo, Kim, Jin Yong, Jang, Young Rock, Kim, Hyun ah, Lee, Ji Yeon, Lee, Jeong Eun, Lee, Shinwon, Choe, Kang-Won, Kang, Yu Min, Jee, Sun Ha, Jung, Keum Ji, Parikh, Victoria, Ashley, Euan, Wheeler, Matthew, Rivas, Manuel, Bustamante, Carlo, Pinksy, Benjamin, Febbo, Phillip, Farh, Kyle, Schroth, Gary P., Desouza, Franci, Dalton, Karen, Christle, Jeff, Deboever, Christopher, Szalma, Sándor, Rubinacci, Simone, Delaneau, Olivier, Gorzynski, John, de Jong, Hannah, Sutton, Shirley, Youlton, Nathan, Joshi, Ruchi, Jimenez-Morales, David, Hughes, Christopher, Amar, David, Ioannidis, Alex, Hershman, Steve, Kirillova, Anna, Seo, Kinya, Huang, Yong, Shoura, Massa, Hammond, Nathan, Watson, Nathaniel, Raja, Archana, Huang, Chunhong, Sahoo, Malaya, Wang, Hannah, Zhen, Jimmy, Rakitko, Alexander, Ilinsky, Valery, Yermakovich, Danat, Popov, Iaroslav, Chernitsov, Alexander, Kovalenko, Elena, Krasnenko, Anna, Plotnikov, Nikolay, Stetsenko, Ivan, Kim, Anna, Cirulli, Elizabeth T., Schiabor Barrett, Kelly M., Bolze, Alexandre, White, Simon, Washington, Nicole L., Lu, James T., Riffle, Stephen, Tanudjaja, Francisco, Wang, Xueqing, Ramirez, Jimmy M., Leonetti, Nicole, Sandoval, Efren, Neveux, Iva, Dabe, Shaun, Grzymski, Joseph J., Esteban Miñano, Juan Ignacio, Aguirre, Luis A., López-Collazo, Eduardo, de la Mata Pazos, Manuel, Cerrato, Luciano, Lozano-Rodríguez, Roberto, Avendaño-Ortiz, José, Arcos, Verónica Terrón, Montalbán-Hernández, Karla Marina, Quiroga, Jaime Valentín, Pascual-Iglesias, Alejandro, Maroun-Eid, Charbel, Martín-Quirós, Alejandro, Namkoong, Ho, Imoto, Seiya, Katayama, Kazuhiko, Fukunaga, Koichi, Kitagawa, Yuko, Sato, Toshiro, Hasegawa, Naoki, Kumanogoh, Atsushi, Kimura, Akinori, Ai, Masumi, Tokunaga, Katsushi, Kanai, Takanori, Miyano, Satoru, Ogawa, Seishi, Edahiro, Ryuya, Sonehara, Kyuto, Shirai, Yuya, Ishii, Makoto, Kabata, Hiroki, Masaki, Katsunori, Kamata, Hirofumi, Ikemura, Shinnosuke, Chubachi, Shotaro, Okamori, Satoshi, Terai, Hideki, Tanaka, Hiromu, Morita, Atsuho, Lee, Ho, Asakura, Takanori, Sasaki, Junichi, Morisaki, Hiroshi, Uwamino, Yoshifumi, Nanki, Kosaku, Mikami, Yohei, Tomono, Kazunori, Kato, Kazuto, Matsuda, Fumihiko, Takahashi, Meiko, Hizawa, Nobuyuki, Takeda, Yoshito, Hirata, Haruhiko, Shiroyama, Takayuki, Miyawaki, Satoru, Suzuki, Ken, Maeda, Yuichi, Nii, Takuro, Noda, Yoshimi, Niitsu, Takayuki, Adachi, Yuichi, Enomoto, Takatoshi, Amiya, Saori, Hara, Reina, Takahashi, Kunihiko, Anzai, Tatsuhiko, Hasegawa, Takanori, Ito, Satoshi, Koike, Ryuji, Endo, Akifumi, Uchimura, Yuji, Miyazaki, Yasunari, Honda, Takayuki, Tateishi, Tomoya, Tohda, Shuji, Ichimura, Naoya, Sonobe, Kazunari, Sassa, Chihiro, Nakajima, Jun, Nannya, Yasuhito, Omae, Yosuke, Takahashi, Kazuhisa, Harada, Norihiro, Hiki, Makoto, Takagi, Haruhi, Nakamura, Ai, Tagaya, Etsuko, Kawana, Masatoshi, Arimura, Ken, Ishiguro, Takashi, Takayanagi, Noboru, Isono, Taisuke, Takaku, Yotaro, Takano, Kenji, Anan, Ryusuke, Nakajima, Yukiko, Nakano, Yasushi, Nishio, Kazumi, Ueda, Soichiro, Hayashi, Reina, Tateno, Hiroki, Hase, Isano, Yoshida, Shuichi, Suzuki, Shoji, Mitamura, Keiko, Saito, Fumitake, Ueda, Tetsuya, Azuma, Masanori, Nagasaki, Tadao, Yasui, Yoshinori, Hasegawa, Yoshinori, Mutoh, Yoshikazu, Yoshiyama, Takashi, Shoko, Tomohisa, Kojima, Mitsuaki, Adachi, Tomohiro, Ishikawa, Motonao, Takahashi, Kenichiro, Watanabe, Kazuyoshi, Manabe, Tadashi, Ito, Fumimaro, Fukui, Takahiro, Funatsu, Yohei, Koh, Hidefumi, Hirai, Yoshihiro, Kawashima, Hidetoshi, Narita, Atsuya, Niwa, Kazuki, Sekikawa, Yoshiyuki, Saito, Fukuki, Yoshiya, Kazuhisa, Yoshihara, Tomoyuki, Suzuki, Yusuke, Nakayama, Sohei, Masuzawa, Keita, Nishi, Koichi, Nishitsuji, Masaru, Tani, Maiko, Inoue, Takashi, Hirano, Toshiyuki, Kobayashi, Keigo, Miyazawa, Naoki, Kimura, Yasuhiro, Sado, Reiko, Ogura, Takashi, Kitamura, Hideya, Murohashi, Kota, Nakachi, Ichiro, Baba, Rie, Arai, Daisuke, Fuke, Satoshi, Saito, Hiroshi, Kuwahara, Naota, Fujiwara, Akiko, Okada, Takenori, Baba, Tomoya, Noda, Junya, Mashimo, Shuko, Yagi, Kazuma, Shiomi, Tetsuya, Hashiguchi, Mizuha, Odani, Toshio, Mochimaru, Takao, Oyamada, Yoshitaka, Mori, Nobuaki, Izumi, Namiki, Nagata, Kaoru, Taki, Reiko, Murakami, Koji, Yamada, Mitsuhiro, Sugiura, Hisatoshi, Hayashi, Kentaro, Shimizu, Tetsuo, Gon, Yasuhiro, Fujitani, Shigeki, Tsuchida, Tomoya, Yoshida, Toru, Kagaya, Takashi, Kita, Toshiyuki, Sakagami, Satoru, Kimizuka, Yoshifumi, Kawana, Akihiko, Nakamura, Yoshihiko, Ishikura, Hiroyasu, Takata, Tohru, Kikuchi, Takahide, Taniyama, Daisuke, Nakamura, Morio, Kodama, Nobuhiro, Kaneyama, Yasunari, Maeda, Shunsuke, Nagasaki, Yoji, Okamoto, Masaki, Ishihara, Sayoko, Ito, Akihiro, Chihara, Yusuke, Takeuchi, Mayumi, Onoi, Keisuke, Hashimoto, Naozumi, Wakahara, Keiko, Ando, Akira, Masuda, Makoto, Wakabayashi, Aya, Watanabe, Hiroki, Sageshima, Hisako, Nakada, Taka-Aki, Abe, Ryuzo, Shimada, Tadanaga, Kawamura, Kodai, Ichikado, Kazuya, Nishiyama, Kenta, Yamasaki, Masaki, Hashimoto, Satoru, Kusaka, Yu, Ohba, Takehiko, Isogai, Susumu, Takada, Minoru, Kanda, Hidenori, Komase, Yuko, Sano, Fumiaki, Asano, Koichiro, Oguma, Tsuyoshi, Harada, Masahiro, Takahashi, Takeshi, Shibusawa, Takayuki, Abe, Shinji, Kono, Yuta, Togashi, Yuki, Izumo, Takehiro, Inomata, Minoru, Awano, Nobuyasu, Ogawa, Shinichi, Ogata, Tomouki, Ishihara, Shoichiro, Kanehiro, Arihiko, Ozaki, Shinji, Fuchimoto, Yasuko, Kitagawa, Yuichiro, Yoshida, Shozo, Ogura, Shinji, Nishiyama, Kei, Yoshida, Kousuke, Beppu, Satoru, Fukuyama, Satoru, Eriguchi, Yoshihiro, Yonekawa, Akiko, Inoue, Yoshiaki, Yamagata, Kunihiro, Chiba, Shigeru, Narumoto, Osamu, Nagai, Hideaki, Ooshima, Nobuharu, Motegi, Mitsuru, Sagara, Hironori, Tanaka, Akihiko, Ohta, Shin, Shibata, Yoko, Tanino, Yoshinori, Sato, Yuki, Yamada, Yuichiro, Hashino, Takuya, Shinoki, Masato, Iwagoe, Hajime, Imamura, Tomonori, Umeda, Akira, Shimada, Hisato, Endo, Mayu, Hayashi, Shinichi, Takahashi, Mai, Nakano, Shigefumi, Yatomi, Masakiyo, Maeno, Toshitaka, Ishii, Tomoo, Utsugi, Mitsuyoshi, Ono, Akihiro, Kanaoka, Kensuke, Ihara, Shoichi, Komuta, Kiyoshi, Boezen, Marike, Claringbould, Annique, Lopera, Esteban, Warmerdam, Robert, Vonk, Judith. M., van Blokland, Irene, Lanting, Pauline, Ori, Anil P. S., Obeidat, Ma’En, Hernández Cordero, Ana I., Sin, Don D., Bossé, Yohan, Joubert, Philippe, Hao, Ke, Nickle, David, Timens, Wim, van den Berge, Maarten, Feng, Yen-Chen Anne, Mercader, Josep, Weiss, Scott T., Karlson, Elizabeth W., Smoller, Jordan W., Murphy, Shawn N., Meigs, James B., Woolley, Ann E., Green, Robert C., Perez, Emma F., Zöllner, Sebastian, Wang, Jiongming, Beck, Andrew, Sloofman, Laura G., Ascolillo, Steven, Sebra, Robert P., Collins, Brett L., Levy, Te, Sealfon, Stuart C., Jordan, Daniel M., Thompson, Ryan C., Gettler, Kyle, Chaudhary, Kumardeep, Belbin, Gillian M., Preuss, Michael, Hoggart, Clive, Choi, Sam, Underwood, Slayton J., Salib, Irene, Britvan, Bari, Keller, Katherine, Tang, Lara, Peruggia, Michael, Hiester, Liam L., Niblo, Kristi, Aksentijevich, Alexandra, Labkowsky, Alexander, Karp, Avromie, Zlatopolsky, Menachem, Zyndorf, Marissa, Charney, Alexander W., Beckmann, Noam D., Schadt, Eric E., Abul-Husn, Noura S., Cho, Judy H., Itan, Yuval, Kenny, Eimear E., Loos, Ruth J. F., Nadkarni, Girish N., Do, Ron, O’Reilly, Paul, Huckins, Laura M., Ferreira, Manuel A. R., Abecasis, Goncalo R., Leader, Joseph B., Cantor, Michael N., Justice, Anne E., Carey, Dave J., Chittoor, Geetha, Josyula, Navya Shilpa, Kosmicki, Jack A., Horowitz, Julie E., Baras, Ari, Gass, Matthew C., Yadav, Ashish, Mirshahi, Tooraj, Jan Hottenga, Jouke, Bartels, Meike, de Geus, Eco J. C., Nivard, Michel G., Verma, Anurag, Ritchie, Marylyn D., Rader, Daniel, Li, Binglan, Verma, Shefali S., Lucas, Anastasia, Bradford, Yuki, Zara, Federico, Salpietro, Vincenzo, Scala, Marcello, Iacomino, Michele, Scudieri, Paolo, Bocciardi, Renata, Minetti, Carlo, Riva, Antonella, Vari, Maria Stella, Rahier, Jean-Françoi, Giorgio, Elisa, Carli, Diana, Louis, Edouad, Bulik, Cynthia M., Landén, Mikael, Brusco, Alfredo, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Madia, Francesca, Fundín, Bengt, Ismail, Said I., Saad, Chadi, Al-Sarraj, Yaser, Badji, Radja Messai, Al-Muftah, Wadha, Al Thani, Asma, Afifi, Nahla, Klovins, Jani, Rovite, Vita, Rescenko, Raimond, Peculis, Raiti, Ustinova, Monta, Zeberg, Hugo, Frithiof, Robert, Hultström, Michael, Lipcsey, Miklo, Johnson, Ruth, Geschwind, Daniel H., Freimer, Nelson, Butte, Manish J., Ding, Yi, Chiu, Alec, Chang, Timothy S., Boutros, Paul, Moutsianas, Louka, Caulfield, Mark J., Scott, Richard H., Walker, Susan, Stuckey, Alex, Odhams, Christopher A., Rhodes, Daniel, Fowler, Tom, Rendon, Augusto, Chan, Georgia, Arumugam, Prabhu, Karczewski, Konrad J., Wilson, Daniel J., Spencer, Chris A., Crook, Derrick W., Wyllie, David H., O’Connell, Anne Marie, Atkinson, Elizabeth G., Tsuo, Kristin, Baya, Nikola, Turley, Patrick, Gupta, Rahul, Walters, Raymond K., Palmer, Duncan S., Sarma, Gopal, Cheng, Nathan, Lu, Wenhan, Churchhouse, Claire, Goldstein, Jacqueline I., King, Daniel, Seed, Cotton, Daly, Mark J., Bryant, Sam, Satterstrom, F. Kyle, Band, Gavin, Earle, Sarah G., Lin, Shang-Kuan, Arning, Nicola, Armstrong, Jacob, Rudkin, Justine K., Callier, Shawneequa, Cusick, Caroline, Soranzo, Nicole, Zhao, Jing Hua, Danesh, John, Di Angelantonio, Emanuele, Butterworth, Adam S., Sun, Yan V., Huffman, Jennifer E., Cho, Kelly, O’Donnell, Christopher J., Tsao, Phil, Gaziano, J. Michael, Peloso, Gina, Ho, Yuk-Lam, Mian, Michael, Scaggiante, Federica, Chang, Xiao, Glessner, Joseph R., Hakonarson, Hakon, Mcguigan, Peter J., Prockter Moore, Luke Stephen, Vizcaychipi, Marcela Paola, Hall, Kathryn, Campbell, Andy, Nichol, Ailstair, Ward, Geraldine, Page, Valerie Joan, Semple, Malcolm G., Adeniji, Kayode, Agranoff, Daniel, Agwuh, Ken, Ail, Dhiraj, Aldera, Erin L., Alegria, Ana, Angus, Brian, Ashish, Abdul, Atkinson, Dougal, Bari, Shahedal, Barlow, Gavin, Barnass, Stella, Barrett, Nichola, Bassford, Christopher, Basude, Sneha, Baxter, David, Beadsworth, Michael, Bernatoniene, Jolanta, Berridge, John, Best, Nicola, Bothma, Pieter, Chadwick, David, Brittain-Long, Robin, Bulteel, Naomi, Burden, Tom, Burtenshaw, Andrew, Caruth, Vikki, Chambler, Duncan, Chee, Nigel, Child, Jenny, Chukkambotla, Srikanth, Clark, Tom, Collini, Paul, Cosgrove, Catherine, Cupitt, Jason, Cutino-Moguel, Maria-Teresa, Dark, Paul, Dawson, Chri, Dervisevic, Samir, Donnison, Phil, Douthwaite, Sam, Drummond, Andrew, Durand, Ingrid, Dushianthan, Ahilanadan, Dyer, Tristan, Evans, Cariad, Eziefula, Chi, Fegan, Christopher, Finn, Adam, Fullerton, Duncan, Garg, Sanjeev, Garg, Atul, Gkrania-Klotsas, Effrossyni, Godden, Jo, Goldsmith, Arthur, Graham, Clive, Hardy, Elaine, Hartshorn, Stuart, Harvey, Daniel, Havalda, Peter, Hawcutt, Daniel B., Hobrok, Maria, Hodgson, Luke, Hormis, Anil, Jacobs, Michael, Jain, Susan, Jennings, Paul, Kaliappan, Agilan, Kasipandian, Vidya, Kegg, Stephen, Kelsey, Michael, Kendall, Jason, Kerrison, Caroline, Kerslake, Ian, Koch, Oliver, Koduri, Gouri, Koshy, George, Laha, Shondipon, Laird, Steven, Larkin, Susan, Leiner, Tama, Lillie, Patrick, Limb, Jame, Linnett, Vanessa, Little, Jeff, Lyttle, Mark, Macmahon, Michael, Macnaughton, Emily, Mankregod, Ravish, Masson, Huw, Matovu, Elijah, Mccullough, Katherine, Mcewen, Ruth, Meda, Manjula, Mills, Gary H., Minton, Jane, Ward, Karl, Mirfenderesky, Mariyam, Mohandas, Kavya, Mok, Quen, Moon, Jame, Moore, Elinoor, Morgan, Patrick, Morris, Craig, Mortimore, Katherine, Moses, Samuel, Mpenge, Mbiye, Mulla, Rohinton, Murphy, Michael, Nagel, Megan, Nagarajan, Thapa, Nelson, Mark, O’Shea, Matthew K., Otahal, Igor, Ostermann, Marlie, Pais, Mark, Panchatsharam, Selva, Papakonstantinou, Danai, Paraiso, Hassan, Patel, Brij, Pattison, Natalie, Pepperell, Justin, Peters, Mark, Phull, Mandeep, Pintus, Stefania, Pooni, Jagtur Singh, Post, Frank, Price, David, Prout, Rachel, Rae, Nikola, Reschreiter, Henrik, Reynolds, Tim, Richardson, Neil, Roberts, Mark, Roberts, Devender, Rose, Alistair, Rousseau, Guy, Ryan, Brendan, Saluja, Taranprit, Shah, Aarti, Shanmuga, Prad, Sharma, Anil, Shawcross, Anna, Sizer, Jeremy, Shankar-Hari, Manu, Smith, Richard, Snelson, Catherine, Spittle, Nick, Staines, Nikki, Stambach, Tom, Stewart, Richard, Subudhi, Pradeep, Szakmany, Tama, Tatham, Kate, Thomas, Jo, Thompson, Chri, Thompson, Robert, Tridente, Ascanio, Tupper-Carey, Darell, Twagira, Mary, Ustianowski, Andrew, Vallotton, Nick, Vincent-Smith, Lisa, Visuvanathan, Shico, Vuylsteke, Alan, Waddy, Sam, Wake, Rachel, Walden, Andrew, Welters, Ingeborg, Whitehouse, Tony, Whittaker, Paul, Whittington, Ashley, Papineni, Padmasayee, Wijesinghe, Meme, Williams, Martin, Wilson, Lawrence, Cole, Sarah, Winchester, Stephen, Wiselka, Martin, Wolverson, Adam, Wooton, Daniel G., Workman, Andrew, Yates, Bryan, Young, Peter, Beale, Rupert, Bretherick, Andrew D., Clohisey, Sara, Fourman, Max Head, Furniss, Jame, Gountouna, Elvina, Grimes, Graeme, Haley, Chri, Harrison, David, Hayward, Caroline, Keating, Sean, Klaric, Lucija, Klenerman, Paul, Law, Andy, Meynert, Alison M., Millar, Jonathan, Pairo-Castineira, Erola, Parkinson, Nichola, Ponting, Chris P., Porteous, David J., Rawlik, Konrad, Richmond, Anne, Rowan, Kathy, Russell, Clark D., Shen, Xia, Shih, Barbara, Tenesa, Albert, Vitart, Veronique, Wang, Bo, Wilson, James F., Wu, Yang, Yang, Jian, Yang, Zhijian, Zechner, Marie, Zhai, Ranran, Zheng, Chenqing, Norman, Lisa, Pius, Riinu, Drake, Thomas M., Fairfield, Cameron J., Knight, Stephen R., Mclean, Kenneth A., Murphy, Derek, Shaw, Catherine A., Dalton, Jo, Girvan, Michelle, Saviciute, Egle, Roberts, Stephanie, Harrison, Janet, Marsh, Laura, Connor, Marie, Halpin, Sophie, Jackson, Clare, Gamble, Carrol, Leeming, Gary, Law, Andrew, Wham, Murray, Hendry, Ro, Scott-Brown, Jame, Begg, Colin, Hinds, Charle, Wai Ho, Antonia Ying, Horby, Peter W., Knight, Julian, Ling, Lowell, Maslove, David, Mcauley, Danny, Montgomery, Hugh, Nichol, Alistair, Openshaw, Peter J. M., Summers, Charlotte, Walsh, Timothy, Armstrong, Lisa, Bates, Hayley, Dooks, Emma, Farquhar, Fiona, Hairsine, Brigid, Mcparland, C., Packham, Sophie, Alldis, Zoe, Astin-Chamberlain, Raine, Bibi, Fatima, Biddle, Jack, Blow, Sarah, Bolton, Matthew, Borra, Catherine, Bowles, Ruth, Burton, Maudrian, Choudhury, Yasmin, Collier, David, Cox, Amber, Easthope, Amy, Ebano, Patrizia, Fotiadis, Stavro, Gurasashvili, Jana, Halls, Rosslyn, Hartridge, Pippa, Kallon, Delordson, Kassam, Jamila, Lancoma-Malcolm, Ivone, Matharu, Maninderpal, May, Peter, Mitchelmore, Oliver, Newman, Tabitha, Patel, Mital, Pheby, Jane, Pinzuti, Irene, Prime, Zoe, Prysyazhna, Oleksandra, Shiel, Julian, Taylor, Melanie, Tierney, Carey, Wood, Suzanne, Zak, Anne, Zongo, Olivier, Forsey, Miranda, Nicholson, Anne, Riches, Joanne, Vertue, Mark, Wasson, Christopher, Finn, Stephanie, Green, Jackie, Collins, Erin, King, Bernadette, Grauslyte, Lina, Hussain, Musarat, Pogreban, Tatiana, Rosaroso, Lace, Salciute, Erika, Franke, George, Wong, Joanna, George, Aparna, Akeroyd, Louise, Bano, Shereen, Bromley, Matt, Gurr, Lucy, Lawton, Tom, Morgan, Jame, Sellick, Kirsten, Warren, Deborah, Wilkinson, Brian, Mcgowan, Janet, Ledgard, Camilla, Stacey, Amelia, Pye, Kate, Bellwood, Ruth, Bentley, Michael, Loosley, Ronda, Mcguinness, Heather, Tench, Helen, Wolf-Roberts, Rebecca, Gibson, Sian, Lyle, Amanda, Mcneela, Fiona, Radhakrishnan, Jayachandran, Hughes, Alistair, Ali, Asifa, Brady, Megan, Dale, Sam, Dance, Annalisa, Gledhill, Lisa, Greig, Jill, Hanson, Kathryn, Holdroyd, Kelly, Home, Marie, Kelly, Diane, Kitson, Ro, Matapure, Lear, Melia, Deborah, Mellor, Samantha, Nortcliffe, Tonicha, Pinnell, Jez, Robinson, Matthew, Shaw, Lisa, Shaw, Ryan, Thomis, Lesley, Wilson, Alison, Wood, Tracy, Bayo, Lee-Ann, Merwaha, Ekta, Ishaq, Tahira, Hanley, Sarah, Antcliffe, David, Banach, Dorota, Brett, Stephen, Coghlan, Phoebe, Fernandez, Ziortza, Gordon, Anthony, Rojo, Roceld, Arias, Sonia Sousa, Templeton, Maie, Jha, Rajeev, Krishnamurthy, Vinodh, Lim, Lai, Bi, Rehana, Scholefield, Barney, Ashton, Lydia, Williams, Alison, Cheyne, Claire, Saunderson, Anne, Allan, Angela, Anderson, Felicity, Kaye, Callum, Liew, Jade, Medhora, Jasmine, Scott, Teresa, Trumper, Erin, Botello, Adriana, Polgarova, Petra, Stroud, Katerina, Meaney, Eoghan, Jones, Megan, Ng, Anthony, Agrawal, Shruti, Pathan, Nazima, White, Deborah, Daubney, Esther, Elston, Kay, Parker, Robert, Reddy, Amie, Turner-Bone, Ian, Wilding, Laura, Harding, Peter, Jacob, Reni, Jones, Cathy, Denmade, Craig, Croft, Maria, White, Ian, Lim, Li, Griffin, Denise, Muchenje, Nycola, Mupudzi, Mcdonald, Partridge, Richard, Conyngham, Jo-Anna, Thomas, Rachel, Wright, Mary, Corral, Maria Alvarez, Bastion, Victoria, Clarke, Daphene, David, Beena, Kent, Harriet, Lorusso, Rachel, Lubimbi, Gamu, Murdoch, Sophie, Penacerrada, Melchizedek, Thomas, Alastair, Valentine, Jennifer, Vochin, Ana, Wulandari, Retno, Djeugam, Brice, Dawson, Joy, Garrioch, Sweyn, Tolson, Melanie, Aldridge, Jonathan, de Almeida Martins, Laura Gome, Carungcong, Jaime, Beavis, Sarah, Dale, Katie, Gascoyne, Rachel, Hawes, Joanne, Pritchard, Kelly, Stevenson, Lesley, Whileman, Amanda, Cowley, Anne, Highgate, Judith, Crawley, Rikki, Crew, Abigail, Cunningham, Mishell, Daniels, Allison, Harrison, Laura, Hope, Susan, Inweregbu, Ken, Jones, Sian, Lancaster, Nicola, Matthews, Jamie, Nicholson, Alice, Wray, Gemma, Benham, Leonie, Bradshaw, Zena, Brown, Joanna, Caswell, Melanie, Melling, Sarah, Preston, Stephen, Slawson, Nicola, Stoddard, Emma, Warden, Scott, Combes, Edward, Joefield, Teishel, Monnery, Sonja, Beech, Valerie, Trotman, Sallyanne, Hopkins, Bridget, Scriven, Jame, Thrasyvoulou, Laura, Willis, Heather, Anderson, Susan, Birch, Janine, Collins, Emma, Hammerton, Kate, O’Leary, Ryan, Abernathy, Caroline, Foster, Louise, Gratrix, Andrew, Martinson, Vicky, Parkinson, Priyai, Stones, Elizabeth, Carbral-Ortega, Llucia, Kapoor, Ritoo, Loader, David, Castle, Karen, Brandwood, Craig, Smith, Lara, Clark, Richard, Birchall, Katie, Kolakaluri, Laurel, Baines, Deborah, Sukumaran, Anila, Mapfunde, Isheunesu, Meredith, Megan, Morris, Lucy, Ryan, Lucy, Clark, Amy, Sampson, Julia, Peters, Cecilia, Dent, Martin, Langley, Margaret, Ashraf, Saima, Wei, Shuying, Andrew, Angela, Chablani, Manish, Kirkby, Amy, Netherton, Kimberley, Bates, Michelle, Dasgin, Jo, Gill, Jaspret, Nilsson, Annette, Apetri, Elena, Basikolo, Cathrine, Blackledge, Bethan, Catlow, Laura, Charles, Bethan, Doonan, Reece, Harris, Jade, Harvey, Alice, Horner, Daniel, Knowles, Karen, Lee, Stephanie, Lomas, Diane, Lyons, Chloe, Marsden, Tracy, Mclaughlan, Danielle, Mcmorrow, Liam, Pendlebury, Jessica, Perez, Jane, Poulaka, Maria, Proudfoot, Nicola, Slaughter, Melanie, Slevin, Kathryn, Thomas, Vicky, Walker, Danielle, Michael, Angiy, Collis, Matthew, Clark, Martyn, Coulding, Martina, Jude, Edward, Mccormick, Jacqueline, Mercer, Oliver, Potla, Darsh, Rehman, Hafiz, Savill, Heather, Turner, Victoria, Davey, Miriam, Golden, David, Seaman, Rebecca, Hunt, Jodie, Dearden, Joy, Dobson, Emma, Mulcahy, Michelle, Munt, Sheila, O’Connor, Grainne, Philbin, Jennifer, Rishton, Chloe, Tully, Redmond, Winnard, Sarah, Cagova, Lenka, Fofano, Adama, Garner, Lucie, Holcombe, Helen, Mepham, Sue, Mitchell, Alice Michael, Mwaura, Lucy, Praman, K., Vuylsteke, Alain, Zamikula, Julie, Bercades, Georgia, Brealey, David, Hass, Ingrid, Maccallum, Niall, Martir, Glady, Raith, Eamon, Reyes, Anna, Smyth, Deborah, Taylor, Abigail, Hughes, Rachel Anne, Thomas, Helen, Rees, Alun, Duskova, Michaela, Phipps, Janet, Brooks, Suzanne, Edwards, Michelle, Alexander, Peter, Allen, Schvearn, Bradley-Potts, Joanne, Brantwood, Craig, Egan, Jasmine, Felton, Timothy, Padden, Grace, Ward, Luke, Moss, Stuart, Glasgow, Susannah, Beesley, Kate, Board, Sarah, Kubisz-Pudelko, Agnieszka, Lewis, Alison, Perry, Je, Pippard, Lucy, Wood, Di, Buckley, Clare, Brown, Alison, Gregory, Jane, O’Connell, Susan, Smith, Tim, Belagodu, Zakaula, Fuller, Bridget, Gherman, Anca, Olufuwa, Olumide, Paramsothy, Remi, Stuart, Carmel, Oakley, Naomi, Kamundi, Charlotte, Tyl, David, Collins, Katy, Silva, Pedro, Taylor, June, King, Laura, Coates, Charlotte, Crowley, Maria, Wakefield, Phillipa, Beadle, Jane, Johnson, Laura, Sargeant, Janet, Anderson, Madeleine, Jardine, Catherine, Williams, Dewi, Parris, Victoria, Quaid, Sheena, Watson, Ekaterina, Melville, Julie, Naisbitt, Jay, Joseph, Rosane, Lazo, Maria, Walton, Olivia, Neal, Alan, Hill, Michaela, Kannan, Thogulava, Wild, Laura, Allan, Elizabeth, Darlington, Kate, Davies, Ffyon, Easton, Jack, Kumar, Sumit, Lean, Richard, Menzies, Daniel, Pugh, Richard, Qiu, Xinyi, Davies, Llino, Williams, Hannah, Scanlon, Jeremy, Davies, Gwyneth, Mackay, Callum, Lewis, Joannne, Rees, Stephanie, Coetzee, Samantha, Gales, Alistair, Raj, Meena, Sell, Craig, Langton, Helen, Watters, Malcolm, Novis, Catherine, Arbane, Gill, Bociek, Aneta, Campos, Sara, Grau, Neu, Jones, Tim Owen, Lim, Rosario, Marotti, Martina, Whitton, Christopher, Barron, Anthony, Collins, Ciara, Kaul, Sundeep, Passmore, Heather, Prendergast, Claire, Reed, Anna, Rogers, Paula, Shokkar, Rajvinder, Woodruff, Meriel, Middleton, Hayley, Polgar, Oliver, Nolan, Claire, Thwaites, Vicky, Mahay, Kanta, Sri-Chandana, Chunda, Scherewode, Joslan, Stephenson, Lorraine, Marsh, Sarah, Bancroft, Hollie, Bellamy, Mary, Carmody, Margaret, Daglish, Jacqueline, Moore, Faye, Rhodes, Joanne, Sangombe, Mirriam, Kadiri, Salma, Ayers, Amanda, Harrison, Wendy, North, Julie, Cavazza, Anna, Cockrell, Maeve, Corcoran, Eleanor, Depante, Maria, Finney, Clare, Jerome, Ellen, Mcphail, Mark, Nayak, Monalisa, Noble, Harriet, O’Reilly, Kevin, Pappa, Evita, Saha, Rohit, Saha, Sian, Smith, John, Knighton, Abigail, Gill, Mandy, Paul, Paul, Ratnam, Valli, Shelton, Sarah, Wynter, Inez, Baptista, David, Crowe, Rebecca, Fernandes, Rita, Herdman-Grant, Rosaleen, Joseph, Anna, Loveridge, Adam, Mckenley, India, Morino, Eriko, Naranjo, Andre, Simms, Richard, Sollesta, Kathryn, Swain, Andrew, Venkatesh, Harish, Khera, Jacyntha, Fox, Jonathan, Barber, Russell, Hewitt, Claire, Hilldrith, Annette, Jackson-Lawrence, Karen, Shepardson, Sarah, Wills, Maryanne, Butler, Susan, Tavares, Silvia, Cunningham, Amy, Hindale, Julia, Arif, Sarwat, George, Linsha, Twiss, Sophie, Wright, David, Holland, Maureen, Keenan, Natalie, Lyons, Marc, Wassall, Helen, Marsh, Chri, Mahenthran, Mervin, Carter, Emma, Kong, Thoma, Adanini, Oluronke, Bhatia, Nikhil, Msiska, Maine, Mew, Louise, Mwaura, Esther, Williams, Felicity, Wren, Lynn, Sutherland, Sara-Beth, Battle, Ceri, Brinkworth, Elaine, Harford, Rachel, Murphy, Carl, Newey, Luke, Rees, Tabitha, Williams, Marie, Arnold, Sophie, Hardy, John, Houlden, Henry, Moncur, Eleanor, Tariq, Ambreen, Tucci, Arianna, Convery, Karen, Fottrell-Gould, Deirdre, Hudig, Lisa, Keshet-Price, Jocelyn, Randell, Georgina, Stammers, Katie, Abdelrazik, Marwa, Bakthavatsalam, Dhanalakshmi, Elhassan, Munzir, Ganesan, Arunkumar, Haldeos, Anne, Moreno-Cuesta, Jeronimo, Purohit, Dharam, Vincent, Rachel, Xavier, Kugan, Rohit, Kumar, Alasdair, Frater, Saleem, Malik, David, Carter, Jenkins, Samuel, Lamond, Zoe, Wall, Alanna, Reynolds, Jessica, Campbell, Helen, Thompsom, Maria, Dodds, Steve, Duffy, Stacey, Butcher, Deborah, O’Sullivan, Susie, Butterworth-Cowin, Nicola, Deacon, Bethan, Hibbert, Meg, Pothecary, Carla, Tetla, Dariusz, Woodford, Christopher, Durga, Latha, Kennard-Holden, Gareth, de Gordoa, Laura Ortiz-Ruiz, Peasgood, Emily, Phillips, Claire, Skinner, Denise, Gaylard, Jane, Mullan, Dee, Newman, Julie, Davies, Ellie, Roche, Lisa, Sathe, Sonia, Brimfield, Lutece, Daly, Zoe, Pogson, David, Rose, Steve, Collins, Amy, Khaliq, Waqa, Gude, Estefania Treu, Allen, Louise, Beranova, Eva, Crisp, Nikki, Deery, Joanne, Hazelton, Tracy, Knight, Alicia, Price, Carly, Tilbey, Sorrell, Turki, Salah, Turney, Sharon, Giles, Julian, Booth, Simon, Bell, Gillian, English, Katy, Katary, Amro, Wilcox, Louise, Campbell, Rachael, Clarke, Noreen, Whiteside, Jonathan, Mascarenhas, Mairi, Donaldson, Avril, Matheson, Joanna, Barrett, Fiona, O’Hara, Marianne, O’Keefe, Laura, Bradley, Clare, Collier, Dawn, Walker, Rachel, Maynard, Victoria, Patel, Tahera, Smith, Matthew, Kazi, Aayesha, Hartley, Janice, Dykes, Joseph, Hijazi, Muhammad, Keith, Sarah, Khan, Meherunnisa, Ryan-Smith, Janet, Springle, Philippa, Thomas, Jacqueline, Truman, Nick, Saad, Samuel, Coleman, Dabheoc, Fine, Christopher, Matt, Roseanna, Gay, Bethan, Dalziel, Jack, Ali, Syamlan, Goodchild, Drew, Harling, Rhiannan, Bhatterjee, Ravi, Goddard, Wendy, Davison, Chloe, Duberly, Stephen, Hargreaves, Jeanette, Bolton, Rachel, Verlander, Mark, Williams, Alexandra, Blackman, Helen, Creagh-Brown, Ben, Donlon, Sinead, Michalak-Glinska, Natalia, Mtuwa, Sheila, Pristopan, Veronika, Salberg, Armorel, Smith, Eleanor, Stone, Sarah, Piercy, Charle, Verula, Jerik, Burda, Dorota, Montaser, Rugia, Harden, Lesley, Mayangao, Irving, Marriott, Cheryl, Bradley, Paul, Harris, Celia, Cooper, Joshua, Finch, Cheryl, Liderth, Sarah, Quinn, Alison, Waddington, Natalia, Fidler, Katy, Tagliavini, Emma, Donnelly, Kevin, Abel, Lynn, Brett, Michael, Digby, Brian, Gemmell, Lisa, Hornsby, Jame, Macgoey, Patrick, O’Neil, Pauline, Price, Richard, Rodden, Natalie, Rooney, Kevin, Sundaram, Radha, Thomson, Nicola, Flanagan, Rebecca, Hughes, Gareth, Latham, Scott, Mckenna, Emma, Anderson, Jennifer, Hull, Robert, Rhead, Kat, Branney, Debbie, Frankham, Jordan, Pitts, Sally, White, Nigel, Cristiano, Daniele, Dormand, Natalie, Farzad, Zohreh, Gummadi, Mahitha, Liyanage, Kamal, Patel, Brijesh V., Salmi, Sara, Sloane, Geraldine, Varghese, Mathew, Zborowski, Anelise C., Bean, Sarah, Burt, Karen, Spivey, Michael, Eastgate-Jackson, Christine, Filipe, Helder, Martin, Daniel, Maharajh, Amitaa, Garcia, Sara Mingo, De Neef, Mark, Lynch, Ceri, Howe, Gwenllian Sera, Singh, Jayaprakash, Turner, Keri, Ellis, Hannah, Stroud, Natalie, Cherian, Shiney, Cutler, Sean, Heron, Anne Emma, Roynon-Reed, Anna, Williams, Gemma, Richards, Owen, Cheema, Yusuf, Ahmad, Norfaizan, Barker, Joann, Bauchmuller, Kri, Bird, Sarah, Cawthron, Kay, Harrington, Kate, Jackson, Yvonne, Kibutu, Faith, Lenagh, Becky, Masuko, Shamiso, Raithatha, Ajay, Wiles, Matthew, Willson, Jayne, Newell, Helen, Lye, Alison, Nwafor, Lorenza, Jarman, Claire, Rowland-Jones, Sarah, Foote, David, Cole, Joby, Thompson, Roger, Watson, Jame, Hesseldon, Lisa, Macharia, Irene, Chetam, Luke, Smith, Jacqui, Ford, Amber, Anderson, Samantha, Birchall, Kathryn, Housley, Kay, Walker, Sara, Milner, Leanne, Hanratty, Helena, Trower, Helen, Phillips, Patrick, Oxspring, Simon, Donne, Ben, Bevan, Emily, Martin, Jane, Trodd, Dawn, Watson, Geoff, Brown, Caroline Wrey, Bunni, Lara, Jennings, Claire, Latif, Monica, Marshall, Rebecca, Subramanian, Gayathri, Bandla, Nageswar, Gellamucho, Minnie, Davies, Michelle, Thompson, Christopher, Trim, Fiona, Eapen, Beena, Ahmed, Cecilia, Baines, Balvinder, Clamp, Sarah, Colley, Julie, Haq, Risna, Hayes, Anne, Hulme, Jonathan, Hussain, Samia, Joseph, Sibet, Kumar, Rita, Maqsood, Zahira, Purewal, Manjit, Chandler, Ben, Elliott, Kerry, Mallinson, Janine, Turnbull, Alison, Dent, Kathy, Horsley, Elizabeth, Akhtar, Muhmmad Nauman, Pearson, Sandra, Potoczna, Dorota, Spencer, Sue, Blakemore, Hayley, Borislavova, Borislava, Faulkner, Beverley, Gendall, Emma, Goff, Elizabeth, Hayes, Kati, Thomas, Matt, Worner, Ruth, Smith, Kerry, Stephens, Deanna, Delgado, Carlos Castro, Dawson, Deborah, Ding, Lijun, Durrant, Georgia, Ezeobu, Obiageri, Farnell-Ward, Sarah, Harrison, Abiola, Kanu, Rebecca, Leaver, Susannah, Maccacari, Elena, Manna, Soumendu, Saluzzio, Romina Peperman, Queiroz, Joana, Samakomva, Tinashe, Sicat, Christine, Texeira, Joana, Da Gloria, Edna Fernande, Lisboa, Ana, Rawlins, John, Mathew, Jisha, Kinch, Ashley, Hurt, William Jame, Shah, Nirav, Clark, Victoria, Thanasi, Maria, Yun, Nikki, Patel, Kamal, Crickmore, Vikki, Debreceni, Gabor, Wilkins, Joy, Nicol, Liz, Burn, Iona, Hambrook, Geraldine, Manso, Katarina, Penn, Ruth, Shanmugasundaram, Pradeep, Tebbutt, Julie, Thornton, Danielle, Rostron, Anthony, Roy, Alistair, Woods, Lindsey, Cornell, Sarah, Wakinshaw, Fiona, Rogerson, Kimberley, Jarmain, Jordan, Anderson, Peter, Archer, Katie, Austin, Karen, Davis, Caroline, Durie, Alison, Kelsall, Olivia, Thrush, Jessica, Vigurs, Charlie, Wood, Hannah-Louise, Tranter, Helen, Harrison, Alison, Cowley, Nichola, Mcalindon, Michael, Digby, Stephen, Low, Emma, Morgan, Aled, Cother, Naiara, Rankin, Tobia, Clayton, Sarah, Mccurdy, Alex, Allibone, Suzanne, Mary-Genetu, Roman, Patel, Amit, Mac, Ainhi, Murphy, Anthony, Mahjoob, Parisa, Nazari, Roonak, Worsley, Lucy, Fagan, Andrew, Mohamed Ali, Inthakab Ali, Beaumont, Karen, Blunt, Mark, Coton, Zoe, Curgenven, Hollie, Elsaadany, Mohamed, Fernandes, Kay, Ally, Sameena Mohamed, Rangarajan, Harini, Sarathy, Varun, Selvanayagam, Sivarupan, Vedage, Dave, White, Matthew, Fernandez-Roman, Jaime, Hamilton, David O., Johnson, Emily, Johnston, Brian, Martinez, Maria Lopez, Mulla, Suleman, Shaw, David, Waite, Alicia A. C., Waugh, Victoria, Welters, Ingeborg D., Williams, Karen, Bemand, Thoma, Black, Ethel, Rosa, Arnold Dela, Howle, Ryan, Jhanji, Shaman, Baikady, Ravishankar Rao, Tatham, Kate Colette, Thomas, Benjamin, Halkes, Matthew, Mercer, Pauline, Thornton, Lorraine, West, Joe, Baird, Tracy, Ruddy, Jim, Reece-Anthony, Rosie, Birt, Mark, Cowton, Amanda, Kay, Andrea, Kent, Melanie, Potts, Kathryn, Wilkinson, Ami, Naylor, Suzanne, Brown, Ellen, Clark, Michele, Purvis, Sarah, Cole, Jade, Davies, Rhy, Duffin, Donna, Hill, Helen, Player, Ben, Thomas, Emma, Williams, Angharad, Beith, Claire Marie, Black, Karen, Clements, Suzanne, Morrison, Alan, Strachan, Dominic, Taylor, Margaret, Clarkson, Michelle, D’Sylva, Stuart, Norman, Kathryn, Coventry, Tina, Fowler, Susan, Mcgregor, Amanda, Brady, Ailbhe, Chan, Rebekah, Mcivor, Shane, Prady, Helena, Whittle, Helen, Mathew, Bijoy, Clapham, Melanie, Harper, Rosemary, Poultney, Una, Rice, Polly, Mutch, Rachel, Baird, Yolanda, Butler, Aaron, Chadbourn, Indra, Folkes, Linda, Fox, Heather, Gardner, Amy, Gomez, Raquel, Hobden, Gillian, King, Kirsten, Margarson, Michael, Martindale, Tim, Meadows, Emma, Raynard, Dana, Thirlwall, Yvette, Helm, David, Margalef, Jordi, Greer, Sandra, Shuker, Karen, Smuts, Sara, Duffield, Joseph, Smith, Oliver, Mallon, Lewi, Claire, Watkin, Birkinshaw, Isobel, Carter, Joseph, Howard, Kate, Ingham, Joanne, Joy, Rosie, Pearson, Harriet, Roche, Samantha, Scott, Zoe, Knights, Ellen, Price, Alicia, Thomas, Alice, Thorpe, Chri, Abraheem, Azmerelda, Bamford, Peter, Cawley, Kathryn, Dunmore, Charlie, Faulkner, Maria, Girach, Rumanah, Jeffrey, Helen, Jones, Rhianna, London, Emily, Nagra, Imrun, Nasir, Farah, Sainsbury, Hannah, Smedley, Clare, Khade, Reena, Sundar, Ashok, Tsinaslanidis, George, Behan, Teresa, Burnett, Caroline, Hatton, Jonathan, Heeney, Elaine, Mitra, Atideb, Newton, Maria, Pollard, Rachel, Stead, Rachael, Birch, Jenny, Bough, Laura, Goodsell, Josie, Tutton, Rebecca, Williams, Patricia, Williams, Sarah, Winter-Goodwin, Barbara, Auld, Fiona, Donnachie, Joanne, Edmond, Ian, Prentice, Lynn, Runciman, Nikole, Salutous, Dario, Symon, Lesley, Todd, Anne, Turner, Patricia, Short, Abigail, Sweeney, Laura, Murdoch, Euan, Senaratne, Dhaneesha, Burns, Karen, Higham, Andrew, Anderson, Taya, Hawcutt, Dan, O’Malley, Laura, Rad, Laura, Rogers, Naomi, Saunderson, Paula, Allison, Kathryn Sian, Afolabi, Deborah, Whitbread, Jennifer, Jones, Dawn, Dore, Rachael, Lankester, Liana, Nikitas, Nikita, Wells, Colin, Stowe, Bethan, Spencer, Kayleigh, Cathcart, Susanne, Duffy, Katharine, Puxty, Alex, Puxty, Kathryn, Turner, Lynne, Ireland, Jane, Semple, Gary, Barry, Peter, Hilltout, Paula, Evitts, Jayne, Tyler, Amanda, Waldron, Joanne, Irvine, Val, Shelley, Benjamin, Akinkugbe, Olugbenga, Bamford, Alasdair, Beech, Emily, Belfield, Holly, Bell, Michael, Davies, Charlene, Jones, Gareth A. L., Mchugh, Tara, Meghari, Hamza, O’Neill, Lauran, Peters, Mark J., Ray, Samiran, Tomas, Ana Luisa, Gorman, Claire, Gupta, Abhinav, Timlick, Elizabeth, Brady, Rebecca, Bonner, Stephen, Hugill, Keith, Jones, Jessica, Liggett, Steven, Bashyal, Archana, Davidson, Neil, Hutton, Paula, Mckechnie, Stuart, Wilson, Jean, Flint, Neil, Rekha, Patel, Hales, Dawn, Cruz, Carina, Gopal, Shameer, Harris, Nichola, Lake, Victoria, Metherell, Stella, Radford, Elizabeth, Clement, Ian, Patel, Bijal, Gulati, A., Hays, Carole, Webster, K., Hudson, Anne, Webster, Andrea, Stephenson, Elaine, Mccormack, Louise, Slater, Victoria, Nixon, Rachel, Hanson, Helen, Fearby, Maggie, Kelly, Sinead, Bridgett, Victoria, Robinson, Philip, Almaden-Boyle, Christine, Austin, Pauline, Cabrelli, Louise, Cole, Stephen, Casey, Matt, Chapman, Susan, Whyte, Clare, Brayne, Adam, Fisher, Emma, Hunt, Jane, Jackson, Peter, Kaye, Duncan, Love, Nichola, Parkin, Juliet, Tuckey, Victoria, van Koutrik, Lynne, Carter, Sasha, Andrew, Benedict, Findlay, Louise, Adams, Katie, Bruce, Michelle, Connolly, Karen, Duncan, Tracy, T. -Michael, Helen, Lindergard, Gabriella, Hey, Samuel, Fox, Claire, Alfonso, Jordan, Durrans, Laura Jayne, Guerin, Jacinta, Hruska, Martin, Eltayeb, Ayaa, Lamb, Thoma, Hodgkiss, Tracey, Cooper, Lisa, Rothwell, Joanne, Dennis, Catherine, Mcgregor, Alastair, Srikaran, Sinduya, Sukha, Anisha, Davies, Kim, O’Brien, Linda, Omar, Zohra, Perkins, Emma, Lewis, Tracy, Sutherland, Isobel, Brooke, Hollie, Buckley, Sarah, Suarez, Jose Cebrian, Charlesworth, Ruth, Hansson, Karen, Norris, John, Poole, Alice, Rose, Alastair, Sandhu, Rajdeep, Sloan, Brendan, Smithson, Elizabeth, Thirumaran, Muthu, Wagstaff, Veronica, Metcalfe, Alexandra, Camsooksai, Julie, Humphrey, Charlotte, Jenkins, Sarah, Wadams, Beverley, Death, Yasmin, Adams, Colene, Agasou, Anita, Arden, Tracie, Bowes, Amy, Boyle, Pauline, Beekes, Mandy, Button, Heather, Capps, Nigel, Carnahan, Mandy, Carter, Anne, Childs, Danielle, Donaldson, Denise, Hard, Kelly, Hurford, Fran, Hussain, Yasmin, Javaid, Ayesha, Jones, Jame, Jose, Sanal, Leigh, Michael, Martin, Terry, Millward, Helen, Motherwell, Nichola, Rikunenko, Rachel, Stickley, Jo, Summers, Julie, Ting, Louise, Tivenan, Helen, Tonks, Louise, Wilcox, Rebecca, Bokhari, Maria, Lucas, Rachael, Mccormick, Wendy, Ritzema, Jenny, Sanderson, Amanda, Wild, Helen, Baxter, Nicola, Henderson, Steven, Kennedy-Hay, Sophie, Mcparland, Christopher, Rooney, Laura, Sim, Malcolm, Mccreath, Gordan, Brunton, Mark, Caterson, Je, Coles, Holly, Frise, Matthew, Rai, Sabi Gurung, Keating, Liza, Tilney, Emma, Bartley, Shauna, Bhuie, Parminder, Downes, Charlotte, Holding, Kathleen, Riches, Katie, Hilton, Mary, Hayman, Mel, Subramanian, Deepak, Daniel, Priya, Zitter, Letizia, Benyon, Sarah, Marriott, Suzie, Park, Linda, Keenan, Samantha, Gordon, Elizabeth, Quinn, Helen, Baines, Kizzy, Andrew, Gillian, Barclay, Lucy, Callaghan, Marie, Clark, Sarah, Hope, Dave, Marshall, Lucy, Mcculloch, Corrienne, Briton, Kate, Singleton, Jo, Birch, Sophie, Simpson, Kerry, Craig, Jayne, Demetriou, Carrie, Eckbad, Charlotte, Hierons, Sarah, Howie, Lucy, Mitchard, Sarah, Ramos, Lidia, Serrano-Ruiz, Alfredo, White, Katie, Kelly, Fiona, Amin, Vishal, Anastasescu, Elena, Anumakonda, Vikram, Karthik, Komala, Kausar, Rizwana, Reid, Karen, Smith, Jacqueline, Imeson-Wood, Janet, Bellini, Arianna, Bryant, Jade, Mayer, Anton, Pickard, Amy, Roe, Nichola, Sowter, Jason, Howlett, Alex, Criste, Kristine, Cusack, Rebecca, Golder, Kim, Golding, Hannah, Jones, Oliver, Leggett, Samantha, Male, Michelle, Marani, Martyna, Prager, Kirsty, Williams, Toran, Roberts, Belinda, Salmon, Karen, Gondo, Prisca, Hadebe, B., Kayani, Abdul, Masunda, Bridgett, Ahmed, Ashar, Morris, Anna, Jakkula, Sriniva, Long, Kate, Whiteley, Simon, Wilby, Elizabeth, Ogg, Bethan, Moultrie, Sam, Odam, M., Bewley, Jeremy, Garland, Zoe, Grimmer, Lisa, Gumbrill, Bethany, Johnson, Rebekah, Sweet, Katie, Webster, Denise, Efford, Georgia, Bennett, Sara, Goodwin, Emma, Jackson, Matthew, Kent, Alissa, Tibke, Clare, Woodyatt, Wiesia, Zaki, Ahmed, Daniel, Amelia, Finn, Joanne, Saha, Rajnish, Bremmer, Pamela, Allan, J., Geary, T., Houston, Gordon, Meikle, A., O’Brien, P., Bell, Dina, Boyle, Rosalind, Douglas, Katie, Glass, Lynn, Lee, Emma, Lennon, Liz, Rattray, Austin, Charnock, Rob, Mcfarland, Denise, Cosgrove, Denise, Attwood, Ben, Parsons, Penny, Carmody, Siobhain, Oblak, Metod, Popescu, Monica, Thankachen, Mini, Baruah, Rosie, Morris, Sheila, Ferguson, Susie, Shepherd, Amy, Altabaibeh, Abdelhakim, Alvaro, Ana, Gilbert, Kayleigh, Ma, Louise, Mostoles, Loreta, Parmar, Chetan, Simpson, Kathryn, Jetha, Champa, Booker, Lauren, Pratley, Anezka, Cosier, Tracey, Millen, Gemma, Schumacher, Natasha, Weston, Heather, Rand, Jame, Alex, Beatrice, Bach, Benjamin, Barclay, Wendy S., Bogaert, Debby, Chand, Meera, Cooke, Graham S., Docherty, Annemarie B., Dunning, Jake, da Silva Filipe, Ana, Fletcher, Tom, Green, Christoper A., Harrison, Ewen M., Hiscox, Julian A., Ijaz, Samreen, Khoo, Saye, Lim, Wei Shen, Mentzer, Alexander J., Merson, Laura, Noursadeghi, Mahdad, Moore, Shona C., Palmarini, Massimo, Paxton, William A., Pollakis, Georgio, Price, Nichola, Rambaut, Andrew, Robertson, David L., Sancho-Shimizu, Vanessa, Scott, Janet T., de Silva, Thushan, Sigfrid, Louise, Solomon, Tom, Sriskandan, Shiranee, Stuart, David, Tedder, Richard S., Thomson, Emma C., Roger Thompson, A. A., Thwaites, Ryan S., Turtle, Lance C. W., Gupta, Rishi K., Palmieri, Carlo, Swann, Olivia V., Zambon, Maria, Dumas, Marc-Emmanuel, Griffin, Julian L., Takats, Zoltan, Chechi, Kanta, Andrikopoulos, Petro, Osagie, Anthonia, Olanipekun, Michael, Liggi, Sonia, Lewis, Matthew R., Correia, Gonçalo dos Santo, Sands, Caroline J., Takis, Panteleimon, Maslen, Lynn, Greenhalf, William, Shaw, Victoria, Mcdonald, Sarah E., Keating, Seán, Ahmed, Katie A., Armstrong, Jane A., Ashworth, Milton, Asiimwe, Innocent G., Bakshi, Siddharth, Barlow, Samantha L., Booth, Laura, Brennan, Benjamin, Bullock, Katie, Catterall, Benjamin W. A., Clark, Jordan J., Clarke, Emily A., Cooper, Louise, Cox, Helen, Davis, Christopher, Dincarslan, Oslem, Dunn, Chri, Dyer, Philip, Elliott, Angela, Evans, Anthony, Finch, Lorna, Fisher, Lewis W. S., Foster, Terry, Garcia-Dorival, Isabel, Gunning, Philip, Hartley, Catherine, Jensen, Rebecca L., Jones, Christopher B., Jones, Trevor R., Khandaker, Shadia, King, Katharine, Kiy, Robyn T., Koukorava, Chrysa, Lake, Annette, Lant, Suzannah, Latawiec, Diane, Lavelle-Langham, Lara, Lefteri, Daniella, Lett, Lauren, Livoti, Lucia A., Mancini, Maria, Mcdonald, Sarah, Mcevoy, Laurence, Mclauchlan, John, Metelmann, Soeren, Miah, Nahida S., Middleton, Joanna, Mitchell, Joyce, Murphy, Ellen G., Penrice-Randal, Rebekah, Pilgrim, Jack, Prince, Tessa, Reynolds, Will, Ridley, P. Matthew, Sales, Debby, Shaw, Victoria E., Shears, Rebecca K., Small, Benjamin, Subramaniam, Krishanthi S., Szemiel, Agnieska, Taggart, Aislynn, Tanianis-Hughes, Jolanta, Thomas, Jordan, Trochu, Erwan, van Tonder, Libby, Wilcock, Eve, Zhang, J. Eunice, Flaherty, Lisa, Maziere, Nicole, Cass, Emily, Carracedo, Alejandra Doce, Carlucci, Nicola, Holmes, Anthony, Massey, Hannah, Murphy, Lee, Wrobel, Nicola, Mccafferty, Sarah, Morrice, Kirstie, Maclean, Alan, Armstrong, Ruth, Boz, Ceilia, Brown, Adam, Coutts, Audrey, Cullum, Louise, Day, Nicky, Donnelly, Lorna, Duncan, Esther, Fawkes, Angie, Finernan, Paul, Gilchrist, Tammy, Golightly, Ailsa, Hafezi, Katarzyna, Law, Dawn, Law, Rachel, Law, Sarah, Macgillivray, Louise, Mal, Hanning, Mcmaster, Ellie, Meikle, Jen, Oosthuyzen, Wilna, Paterson, Trevor, Stenhouse, Andrew, Swets, Maaike, Szoor-McElhinney, Helen, Taneski, Filip, Wackett, Tony, Ward, Mairi, Weaver, Jane, Coyle, Judy, Gallagher, Bernadette, Lidstone-Scott, Rebecca, Hamilton, Debbie, Schon, Katherine, Furlong, Anita, Biggs, Heather, Griffiths, Fiona, Andrews, Eleanor, Brickell, Kathy, Smyth, Michelle, Murphy, Lorna, Carson, Gail, Hardwick, Hayley, Donohue, Chloe, Pérez-Tur, Jordi [0000-0002-9111-1712], Martín, Javier [0000-0002-2202-0622], Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland [Helsinki] (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki-University of Helsinki, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard (BROAD INSTITUTE), Harvard Medical School [Boston] (HMS)-Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)-Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], A list of authors and their affiliations appears in the Supplementary Information, Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki-Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, ANR-20-CO11-0001,AABIFNCOV,Bases génétiques et immunologiques des auto-anticorps contre les interférons de type I prédisposant aux formes sévères de COVID-19.(2020), ANR-20-COVI-0003,GENCOVID,Identification des défauts monogéniques de l'immunité responsables des formes sévères de COVID-19 chez les patients précédemment en bonne santé(2020), ANR-21-COVR-0039,GenMIS-C,Recherche 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[0000-0003-1513-6077], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Stem Cell Aging Leukemia and Lymphoma (SALL), Groningen Institute for Gastro Intestinal Genetics and Immunology (3GI), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Guided Treatment in Optimal Selected Cancer Patients (GUTS), AII - Infectious diseases, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Neuroinfection & -inflammation, Neurology, Infectious diseases, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, APH - Aging & Later Life, APH - Global Health, APH - Quality of Care, Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, APH - Health Behaviors & Chronic Diseases, Global Health, APH - Methodology, Graduate School, ACS - Heart failure & arrhythmias, Anesthesiology, ACS - Diabetes & metabolism, APH - Digital Health, APH - Personalized Medicine, ACS - Microcirculation, Niemi, M. E. K., Liao, R. G., Neale, B. M., Pathak, G. A., Andrews, S. J., Schulte, E. C., Karim, M. A., Wendt, F. R., Kim, H. -N., Uddin, M. J., Smith, G. D., Willer, C. J., Buxbaum, J. D., Martin, A. R., Balaconis, M. K., Sankaran, V. G., Brent Richards, J., Eric Kerchberger, V., Kenneth Baillie, J., Dutta, A. K., Uddin, M. M., Perez-Tur, J., Verdugo, R. A., Zarate, R., Medina-Gomez, C., Gomez-Cabrero, D., Cadilla, C. L., Boua, P. R., Fave, M. -J., Lemacon, A., Szentpeteri, J. L., Ahmad, H. F., Kornilov, S. A., Prokic, I., Pearson, N. M., Shelton, J. F., Shastri, A. J., Weldon, C. H., Brouwer, M. C., Vlaar, A. P. J., Joost Wiersinga, W., Algera, A. G., Bogaard, H. J., Bonta, P. I., Grobusch, M. P., Hermans, S. M., Hovius, J. W., de Jong, M. D., Nossent, E. J., Prins, J. M., Schultz, M. J., Stijnis, C. S., Minnaar, R. P., van Uffelen, K. W. J., Wolterman, R. A., Ball, C. A., Mccurdy, S., Hong, E. L., Baltzell, A. H., Goffard, J. -C., Peree, H., Leonard, P., Giot, J. -B., Sauvage, A. -S., Wery, M., Morrison, D. R., Chasse, M., Kaufmann, D. E., Mark Lathrop, G., Davis, L. K., Cox, N. J., Below, J. E., Sealock, J. M., Faucon, A. B., Shuey, M. M., Polikowsky, H. G., Petty, L. E., Shaw, D. M., Chen, H. -H., Ludwig, K. U., Schroder, J., Nothen, M. M., Jensen, B. -E. O., Altmuller, J., Berger, M. M., Gogele, M., Gignoux, C. R., Wicks, S. J., Barnes, K. C., Goldstein, D. B., Reilly, M. P., Gharavi, A. G., O'Byrne, S. M., So, Y. S., Park, S. -K., Kim, H. -L., Kang, C. K., Lee, H. -J., Song, K. -H., Yoon, K. J., Paik, N. -J., Joo, E. -J., Park, W. B., Park, J. S., Park, K. U., Ham, S. Y., Kim, E. S., Kim, H. B., Caceres, M., Lenz, T. L., Julia, A., Holter, J. C., Fernandez, J., Sander, L. E., Banales, J. M., Romero-Gomez, M., Hov, J. R., Karlsen, T. H., Wacker, E. M., Elabd, H., Ruhlemann, M. C., Vadla, M. S., Lenning, O. B., Ozer, O., Kassens, J., Figuera Basso, M. E., Ortiz, A. B., Chercoles, A. G., Holten, A. R., Kildal, A. B., Gluck, A., Nolla, A. C., Dyrhol-Riise, A. M., Spinner, C. D., Hoff, D. A. L., Jimenez, D., Pestana, D., Helbig, E. T., Paraboschi, E. M., Sanchez, F. G., Hernandez, I., Galvan-Femenia, I., Badia, J. R., Muller, K. E., Gaede, K. I., Lippert, L. J., Tellez, L., Gutierrez-Stampa, M. A., Vehreschild, M. J. G. T., Marquie, M., Seilmaier, M. J., Rodriguez-Gandia, M., Ayo, N. I., Martinez, N., Cornely, O. A., Rodrigues, P. M., Espana, P. P., Garcia-Fernandez, A. -E., Fracanzani, A. L., Muniz-Diaz, E., Calderon, E. J., Solligard, E., Medrano, F. J., Muller, F., Afset, J. E., Damas, J. K., Ferrusquia-Acosta, J., Quero, J. H., Guerrero, J. M., Bettini, L. R., Gustad, L. T., Valsecchi, M. G., D'Angio, M., Gallego-Duran, R., Cejudo, T. G., Grimsrud, M. M., Gudbjartsson, D. F., Moore, K. H. S., Alarcon-Riquelme, M. E., Martinez-Bueno, M., Rello, S. R., Lall, K., Bochud, P. -Y., Nussle, S. G., Meyer zu Bentrup, F., Merlet Viollet, R., Guery, B., Hugli, O., Gonseth Nussle, S., Estoppey Younes, S., Rochat Negro, T., Mercader, J. M., Castano-Vinyals, G., Dobano, C., Mondelli, M. U., Mazzei, M. A., Caldarelli, G. P., Monforte, A. D., Scotton, P. G., Monica, M. D., Mandala, M., Coviello, D. A., La Rovere, M. T., Segala, F. V., Mencarelli, M. A., Pinto, A. M., Carriero, M. L., Ann Belli, M., Antoni, M. D., Miraglia, F. G., Parisi, S. G., Squeo, G. M., Botta, G., Hunt, K. A., Trembath, R. C., Martin, H. C., Griffiths, C. J., Curtis, C. J., Huang, Q. Q., Lee, S. H., Macarthur, D., Maclaughlin, B., Smith, A. V., Boughton, A. P., Li, K. W., Lefaive, J., Jannes, C. E., Krieger, J. E., Pereira, A. C., Lima, I. R., Tada, M. T., Mccarthy, M., Lee, J. E., Lee, H. S., Jang, H. Y., Kim, Y. -S., Kwon, K. T., Kim, S. -W., Kim, J. Y., Jang, Y. R., Kim, H., Lee, J. Y., Choe, K. -W., Kang, Y. M., Jee, S. H., Jung, K. J., Schroth, G. P., Desouza, F., Cirulli, E. T., Schiabor Barrett, K. M., Washington, N. L., Lu, J. T., Ramirez, J. M., Grzymski, J. J., Minano, J. I. E., Aguirre, L. A., Lopez-Collazo, E., Lozano-Rodriguez, R., Avendano-Ortiz, J., Arcos, V. T., Montalban-Hernandez, K. M., Quiroga, J. V., Martin-Quiros, A., Nakada, T. -A., Vonk, J. M., Ori, A. P. S., Hernandez Cordero, A. I., Sin, D. D., Bosse, Y., Feng, Y. -C. A., Weiss, S. T., Karlson, E. W., Smoller, J. W., Murphy, S. N., Meigs, J. B., Woolley, A. E., Green, R. C., Perez, E. F., Zollner, S., Sloofman, L. G., Sebra, R. P., Collins, B. L., Sealfon, S. C., Jordan, D. M., Thompson, R. C., Belbin, G. M., Underwood, S. J., Hiester, L. L., Charney, A. W., Beckmann, N. D., Schadt, E. E., Abul-Husn, N. S., Cho, J. H., Kenny, E. E., Loos, R. J. F., Nadkarni, G. N., Huckins, L. M., Ferreira, M. A. R., Abecasis, G. R., Leader, J. B., Cantor, M. N., Justice, A. E., Carey, D. J., Josyula, N. S., Kosmicki, J. A., Horowitz, J. E., Gass, M. C., Hottenga, J. J., de Geus, E. J. C., Nivard, M. G., Ritchie, M. D., Verma, S. S., Vari, M. S., Rahier, J. -F., Bulik, C. M., Landen, M., Ferrero, G. B., Fundin, B., Ismail, S. I., Badji, R. M., Hultstrom, M., Geschwind, D. H., Butte, M. J., Chang, T. S., Caulfield, M. J., Scott, R. H., Odhams, C. A., Karczewski, K. J., Wilson, D. J., Spencer, C. A., Crook, D. W., Wyllie, D. H., O'Connell, A. M., Atkinson, E. G., Walters, R. K., Palmer, D. S., Goldstein, J. I., Kyle Satterstrom, F., Earle, S. G., Lin, S. -K., Rudkin, J. K., Zhao, J. H., Butterworth, A. S., Sun, Y. V., Huffman, J. E., O'Donnell, C. J., Michael Gaziano, J., Ho, Y. -L., Glessner, J. R., Mcguigan, P. J., Moore, L. S. P., Vizcaychipi, M. P., Page, V. J., Aldera, E. L., Cutino-Moguel, M. -T., Durand, I., Hawcutt, D. B., Macmahon, M., Macnaughton, E., Mccullough, K., Mcewen, R., O'Shea, M. K., Pooni, J. S., Wooton, D. G., Bretherick, A. D., Fourman, M. H., Meynert, A. M., Ponting, C. P., Porteous, D. J., Russell, C. D., Wilson, J. F., Drake, T. M., Fairfield, C. J., Knight, S. R., Mclean, K. A., Shaw, C. A., Ho, A. Y. W., Horby, P. W., Mcauley, D., Openshaw, P. J. M., Semple, M. G., Mcgowan, J., Mcguinness, H., Mcneela, F., Bayo, L. -A., Arias, S. S., Conyngham, J. -A., Corral, M. A., de Almeida Martins, L. G., Mclaughlan, D., Mcmorrow, L., Mccormick, J., Mitchell, A. M., Maccallum, N., Hughes, R. A., Jones, T. O., Mcphail, M., Mckenley, I., Sutherland, S. -B., de Gordoa, L. O. -R., Gude, E. T., Macgoey, P., Mckenna, E., Patel, B. V., Zborowski, A. C., Garcia, S. M., Howe, G. S., Heron, A. E., Mills, G. H., Brown, C. W., Akhtar, M. N., Delgado, C. C., Saluzzio, R. P., Da Gloria, E. F., Hurt, W. J., Wood, H. -L., Mcalindon, M., Mccurdy, A., Ali, I. A. M., Ally, S. M., Hamilton, D. O., Lopez Martinez, M., Waite, A. A. C., Welters, I. D., Rosa, A. D., Baikady, R. R., Tatham, K. C., Beith, C. M., Mcgregor, A., Mcivor, S., Allison, K. S., Jones, G. A. L., Mchugh, T., Peters, M. J., Tomas, A. L., Mckechnie, S., Mccormack, L., Michael, H. T., Durrans, L. J., Suarez, J. C., Death, Y., Mccormick, W., Mccreath, G., Rai, S. G., Mcculloch, C., Mcfarland, D., Barclay, W. S., Cooke, G. S., Docherty, A. B., Green, C. A., Harrison, E. M., Hiscox, J. A., Lim, W. S., Mentzer, A. J., Paxton, W. A., Robertson, D. L., Scott, J. T., Tedder, R. S., Thomson, E. C., Thwaites, R. S., Gupta, R. K., Swann, O. V., Dumas, M. -E., Griffin, J. L., Lewis, M. R., dos Santos Correia, G., Sands, C. J., Mcdonald, S. E., Ahmed, K. A., Armstrong, J. A., Asiimwe, I. G., Barlow, S. L., Catterall, B. W. A., Clark, J. J., Clarke, E. A., Fisher, L. W. S., Jensen, R. L., Jones, C. B., Jones, T. R., Kiy, R. T., Livoti, L. A., Mcdonald, S., Mcevoy, L., Mclauchlan, J., Miah, N. S., Moore, S. C., Murphy, E. G., Matthew Ridley, P., Shaw, V. E., Shears, R. K., Subramaniam, K. S., Eunice Zhang, J., Carracedo, A. D., Mccafferty, S., Turtle, L. C. W., Data Science Genetic Epidemiology Lab, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, HUS Helsinki and Uusimaa Hospital District, University of Helsinki, Research Programs Unit, Doctoral Programme in Population Health, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, and University of Zurich
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Male ,45/43 ,Autoimmunity ,Autoimmunity/genetics ,Body Mass Index ,COVID-19/genetics ,COVID-19/virology ,Critical Illness ,Female ,Genetic Loci/genetics ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Genome-Wide Association Study ,Geographic Mapping ,Hospitalization ,Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ,Humans ,Inflammation/complications ,Information Dissemination ,Multifactorial Inheritance ,Racial Groups/genetics ,SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ,Smoking ,environmental risk factors ,Q1 ,631/208 ,0302 clinical medicine ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Genetics, Genome-wide association studies, SARS-CoV-2, Viral infection ,GWAS ,Aetiology ,Lung ,QC ,0303 health sciences ,HERITABILITY ,3. Good health ,covid-19 ,Science & Technology - Other Topics ,Identification (biology) ,Infection ,Human ,631/208/205/2138 ,Settore BIO/11 - Biologia Molecolare ,03 medical and health sciences ,SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being ,Clinical Research ,Biodefense ,Genetics ,GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION ,Medisinske Fag: 700::Basale medisinske, odontologiske og veterinærmedisinske fag: 710::Medisinsk genetikk: 714 [VDP] ,METAANALYSIS ,1000 Multidisciplinary ,[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics ,Science & Technology ,Prevention ,Racial Groups ,Pneumonia ,genetic architecture ,Human genetics ,Genetic Loci ,genetic factors ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Medizin ,Infektionsmedicin ,Genome-wide association studies ,Settore BIO/12 - BIOCHIMICA CLINICA E BIOLOGIA MOLECOLARE CLINICA ,Pandemic ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,pandemi ,Multidisciplinary ,article ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,Racial Group ,10124 Institute of Molecular Life Sciences ,Host-Pathogen Interaction ,Multidisciplinary Sciences ,Infectious Diseases ,Host-Pathogen Interactions ,Critical Illne ,COVID-19, GWAS, genetic factors, environmental risk factors, therapy ,Infectious Medicine ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI ,General Science & Technology ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Vaccine Related ,692/699/255/2514 ,Environmental risk ,Mendelian randomization ,COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative ,QH426 ,631/326/596/4130 ,030304 developmental biology ,Inflammation ,therapy ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Human Genome ,COVID-19 ,Genetic architecture ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Emerging Infectious Diseases ,Good Health and Well Being ,Viral infection ,3111 Biomedicine - Abstract
Niemi, Mari E. K. et al. 39 páginas, figuras y tablas. Contiene material suplementario., The genetic make-up of an individual contributes to the susceptibility and response to viral infection. Although environmental, clinical and social factors have a role in the chance of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and the severity of COVID-191,2, host genetics may also be important. Identifying host-specific genetic factors may reveal biological mechanisms of therapeutic relevance and clarify causal relationships of modifiable environmental risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and outcomes. We formed a global network of researchers to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Here we describe the results of three genome-wide association meta-analyses that consist of up to 49,562 patients with COVID-19 from 46 studies across 19 countries. We report 13 genome-wide significant loci that are associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection or severe manifestations of COVID-19. Several of these loci correspond to previously documented associations to lung or autoimmune and inflammatory diseases3-7. They also represent potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection. Mendelian randomization analyses support a causal role for smoking and body-mass index for severe COVID-19 although not for type II diabetes. The identification of novel host genetic factors associated with COVID-19 was made possible by the community of human genetics researchers coming together to prioritize the sharing of data, results, resources and analytical frameworks. This working model of international collaboration underscores what is possible for future genetic discoveries in emerging pandemics, or indeed for any complex human disease.
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- 2021
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192. The Direct Boil-LAMP method: A simple and rapid diagnostic method for cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Mikita, Kei, Maeda, Takuya, Yoshikawa, Sachio, Ono, Takeshi, Miyahira, Yasushi, and Kawana, Akihiko
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CUTANEOUS leishmaniasis , *DIAGNOSTIC parasitology , *NEEDLE biopsy , *HEMORRHAGE risk factors , *IATROGENIC diseases , *MEDICAL personnel , *MEDICAL research , *DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Needle biopsy is widely used for the diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) to obtain specimens for histology and culture. However, the use of such invasive procedures causes discomfort, requires technical expertise, and carries risks of bleeding and iatrogenic infection. Therefore, developing substitutive non-invasive diagnostic tools for CL will help reduce the risk of secondary infection and the exposure of both infected individuals and medical professionals. Here we employed loop-mediated isothermal amplification and boiled swab samples (Direct Boil-LAMP method) from CL model mice to develop a simple and rapid diagnostic method for CL. The detection limit of this procedure was 1.0 × 10 3 parasites/mL. Accordingly, this substitutive diagnostic method should prove useful for mass screening. In addition, we discuss the potential advantages of using it, particularly in endemic regions where medical resources are limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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193. Clinical presentation and diagnosis of toxoplasmic encephalitis in Japan.
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Sakamoto, Naoya, Maeda, Takuya, Mikita, Kei, Kato, Yasuyuki, Yanagisawa, Naoki, Suganuma, Akihiko, Imamura, Akifumi, Nakamura-Uchiyama, Fukumi, Miyahira, Yasushi, Kawana, Akihiko, Ohnishi, Kenji, and Ajisawa, Atsushi
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ENCEPHALITIS diagnosis , *BRAIN tumor treatment , *AIDS patients , *TOXOPLASMOSIS treatment , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *COMPUTED tomography ,BRAIN tumor diagnosis - Abstract
Distinguishing life-threatening toxoplasmic encephalitis (TE) from brain lymphoma in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be difficult. Empiric anti-toxoplasmosis treatment is often initiated because of the reluctance in performing brain biopsies, which may delay the diagnosis and treatment of brain lymphoma in Japan. In this study, we retrospectively examined the clinical characteristics of 13 AIDS patients with TE in Japan, including magnetic resonance imaging and thallium 201 (201TI) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) findings, cerebral spinal fluid analysis, serology, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results. All patients improved on anti-toxoplasmosis treatment. Of the 11 patients who underwent serological testing, 6 (55%) had a positive serological result. Of the 7 patients who underwent PCR testing, 3 (42.9%) had a positive PCR result. Nine of 11 patients with TE (81.8%) had multiple lesions. Analysis of the sites of TE lesions did not reveal a difference in site predilection between TE and brain lymphoma. Uptake was negative in all 9 patients who underwent 201Tl SPECT. The study findings suggest that toxoplasma serostatus and PCR may be used to discriminate TE from brain lymphoma. No focal accumulation of 201TI is strongly suggestive of TE in patients with AIDS in Japan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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194. Optimization and evaluation of the ARCHITECT Chagas assay and in-house ELISA for Chagas disease in clinical settings in Japan.
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Imai, Kazuo, Murakami, Takashi, Misawa, Kazuhisa, Fujikura, Yuji, Kawana, Akihiko, Tarumoto, Norihito, Maesaki, Shigefumi, and Maeda, Takuya
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CHAGAS' disease , *RECOMBINANT proteins , *ARCHITECTS , *TRYPANOSOMA cruzi - Abstract
Approximately 250,000 immigrants from Latin America live in Japan and it is estimated that 1500–3000 of them are potentially infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the cause of Chagas disease. Therefore, the establishment of a standardized diagnostic method for Chagas disease in Japan is urgently needed. In this study, we optimized and evaluated the ARCHITECT Chagas assay and in-house ELISA for Chagas disease in clinical settings. In particular, we evaluated the performance of ARCHITECT Chagas as well as ELISA with whole-cell lysates and three recombinant proteins (TcF, TcBCDE, and CP1 + CP3) using 93 Chagas disease-positive serum samples and 108 Chagas disease-positive samples. The sensitivities of ARCHITECT Chagas, whole-cell lysate, TcF, TcBCDE, and CP1 + CP3 ELISA were respectively 100%, 100%, 98.9%, 98.9%, and 89.2% and the corresponding specificities were 100%, 99.1%, 99.1%, 100%, and 99.1%. False-positive results were obtained for whole-cell lysate, TcF, and CP1 ± CP3 ELISA. This is the first evidence that OD cut-off values optimized for in-house ELISA are similar in terms of sensitivity and specificity to those of the ARCHITECT Chagas test, supporting the use of these in-house assays as diagnostic tests for Chagas disease in the clinical setting in Japan. Unlabelled Image • Standardized diagnostic methods for Chagas disease are needed in Japan. • The ARCHITECT Chagas assay had the highest sensitivity and specificity. • In-house ELISA with various recombinant proteins had good diagnostic performance. • In-house ELISAs are suitable for primary screening in terms of cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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195. Dysregulated metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids in eosinophilic allergic diseases.
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Miyata, Jun, Fukunaga, Koichi, Kawashima, Yusuke, Ohara, Osamu, Kawana, Akihiko, Asano, Koichiro, and Arita, Makoto
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UNSATURATED fatty acids , *OMEGA-6 fatty acids , *ALLERGIES , *DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid , *OMEGA-3 fatty acids , *ARACHIDONIC acid , *METABOLISM - Abstract
• Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are converted into bioactive lipid mediators. • Eosinophils play central roles in the progression of allergic diseases. • Overproduction of cysteinyl leukotrienes is a key feature of allergic diseases. • Dysregulated PUFA metabolism includes impaired synthesis of pro-resolving mediators. • Type 2 cytokines and microbial components induce abnormal PUFA metabolism. Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), represented by the omega-6 fatty acid arachidonic acid (AA) and omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential components of the human body. PUFAs are converted enzymatically into bioactive lipid mediators, including AA-derived cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys-LTs) and lipoxins and DHA-derived protectins, which orchestrate a wide range of immunological responses. For instance, eosinophils possess the biosynthetic capacity of various lipid mediators through multiple enzymes, including 5-lipoxygenase and 15-lipoxygenase, and play central roles in the regulation of allergic diseases. Dysregulated metabolism of PUFAs is reported, especially in severe asthma, aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, and eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS), which is characterized by the overproduction of cys-LTs and impaired synthesis of pro-resolving mediators. Recently, by performing a multi-omics analysis (lipidomics, proteomics, and transcriptomics), we demonstrated the metabolic derangement of eosinophils in inflamed tissues of patients with ECRS. This abnormality occurred subsequent to altered enzyme expression of gamma-glutamyl transferase-5. In this review, we summarize the previous findings of dysregulated PUFA metabolism in allergic diseases, and discuss future prospective therapeutic strategies for correcting this imbalance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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196. Chagas disease: a report of 17 suspected cases in Japan, 2012–2017.
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Imai, Kazuo, Misawa, Kazuhisa, Osa, Morichika, Tarumoto, Norihito, Sakai, Jun, Mikita, Kei, Sayama, Yusuke, Fujikura, Yuji, Kawana, Akihiko, Murakami, Takashi, Maesaki, Shigefumi, Miura, Sachio, and Maeda, Takuya
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CHAGAS' disease , *DISEASE prevalence , *CARDIOMYOPATHIES - Abstract
Background: There are no reports on the prevalence of Chagas disease in Japan. Furthermore, screening programs and access to diagnosis and treatment have not been established. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of Chagas disease among suspected cases in Japan and provide the reference data required for disease control. Methods: Seventeen patients with suspected Chagas disease in Japan between 2012 and 2017 were included in the study. Patients were diagnosed with Chagas disease based on the two different serological tests for antibodies to Trypanosoma cruzi. Real-time polymerase chain reaction assay and blood culture techniques were performed to confirm T. cruzi parasitemia. Results: Of the 17 patients, 11 (64.7%) were immigrants from Latin America. Ultimately, 6 patients (35.3%) were diagnosed with Chagas disease. Of these 6 patients, median age was 53.5 years, 5 patients were immigrants from Latin American, and 1 was Japanese who had a congenital infection. T. cruzi parasitemia was confirmed in 4 patients (66.7%), and 5 (83.3%) were in the chronic phase (Chagas cardiomyopathy, 4; megacolon, 1). Two patients (33.3%) commenced benznidazole treatment. Conclusion: Our study showed that some patients of Chagas disease living in Japan are already in the chronic phase at diagnosis because of substantial diagnostic delays. Further epidemiological studies on the prevalence of Chagas disease and systematic screening programs for the Latin American population are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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197. Multiomics analysis identified IL-4-induced IL1RL1 high eosinophils characterized by prominent cysteinyl leukotriene metabolism.
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Sunata K, Miyata J, Kawashima Y, Konno R, Ishikawa M, Hasegawa Y, Onozato R, Otsu Y, Matsuyama E, Sasaki H, Okuzumi S, Mochimaru T, Masaki K, Kabata H, Kawana A, Arita M, and Fukunaga K
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- Humans, Leukotrienes metabolism, Proteomics, Transcriptome, Adult, Male, Multiomics, Eosinophils immunology, Eosinophils metabolism, Interleukin-4 metabolism, Interleukin-4 pharmacology, Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein metabolism, Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein genetics
- Abstract
Background: Clinical studies have demonstrated that IL-4, a type 2 cytokine, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis and eosinophilic asthma. However, the direct effect of IL-4 on eosinophils remains unclear., Objective: We aimed to elucidate the inflammatory effects of IL-4 on the functions of human eosinophils., Methods: A multiomics analysis comprising transcriptomics, proteomics, lipidomics, quantitative RT-PCR, and flow cytometry was performed by using blood eosinophils from healthy subjects stimulated with IL-4, IL-5, or a combination thereof., Results: Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed that both IL-4 and IL-5 upregulate the expression of γ-gultamyl transferase 5, a fatty acid-metabolizing enzyme that converts leukotriene C
4 into leukotriene D4 . In addition, IL-4 specifically upregulates the expression of IL-1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1), a receptor for IL-33 and transglutaminase-2. Additional transcriptomic analysis of cells stimulated with IL-13 revealed altered gene expression profiles, characterized by the upregulation of γ-gultamyl transferase 5, transglutaminase-2, and IL1RL1. The IL-13-induced changes were not totally different from the IL-4-induced changes. Lipidomic analysis revealed that IL-5 and IL-4 additively increased the extracellular release of leukotriene D4 . In vitro experiments revealed that STAT6 and IL-4 receptor-α control the expression of these molecules in the presence of IL-4 and IL-13. Analysis of eosinophils derived from patients with allergic disorders indicated the involvement of IL-4 and IL-13 at the inflamed sites., Conclusions: IL-4 induces the proallergic phenotype of IL1RL1high eosinophils, with prominent cysteinyl leukotriene metabolism via STAT6. These cellular changes represent potential therapeutic targets for chronic rhinosinusitis and eosinophilic asthma., Competing Interests: Disclosure statement Supported by the Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Program (KAKENHI) (grants 15H05897, 15H05898, and 20H00495 [to M.A.]), Japan Science and Technology Agency program Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology (JST-ERATO) (grant JPMJER2101 [to M.A.]), Research Grant on Allergic Disease and Immunology from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (grant 22ek0410097 [to J.M.]), JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists (grant 20K17239 [to J.M.]), RIKEN Special Postdoctoral Researchers Program (to J.M.), GSK Japan Research Grant 2018 (to J.M.), and Grant-in-Aid for Research of the ONO Medical Research Foundation (to J.M.). Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: J. Miyata, K. Masaki, H. Kabata, and K. Fukunaga report receiving research grant support from GSK and AstraZeneca. J. Miyata and K. Fukunaga report receiving payments for lectures from GSK, AstraZeneca, and Sanofi. K. Masaki reports receiving payments for lectures from GSK and AstraZeneca, and GSK. H. Kabata reports receiving payments for lectures from AstraZeneca and Sanofi. The rest of the authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2024
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198. Distinct roles of types 1 and 2 interferons in human eosinophil regulation: A multi-omics analysis.
- Author
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Sasaki H, Miyata J, Kawashima Y, Konno R, Ishikawa M, Hasegawa Y, Onozato R, Otsu Y, Matsuyama E, Sunata K, Masaki K, Kabata H, Kimizuka Y, Ueki S, Asano K, Kawana A, Arita M, and Fukunaga K
- Published
- 2024
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199. Aspergillus fumigatus extract modulates human eosinophils via NOD2 and oxidative stress.
- Author
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Sasaki H, Miyata J, Kawashima Y, Konno R, Ishikawa M, Hasegawa Y, Onozato R, Otsu Y, Matsuyama E, Sunata K, Masaki K, Kabata H, Kimizuka Y, Abe T, Ueki S, Asano K, Kawana A, and Fukunaga K
- Abstract
Background: Aspergillus fumigatus is a pathogenic fungus known to be associated with severe asthma and allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis. However, the precise mechanisms underlying airway inflammation remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the direct modulation of human eosinophils by A. fumigatus and identified the specific mechanism of airway inflammation., Methods: Eosinophils isolated from healthy subjects were stimulated with extracts of A. fumigatus. Multi-omics analysis, comprising transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, was performed. The expression of specific factors was evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry. Mechanistic analyses were performed using NOD2 inhibitor and N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC)., Results: The A. fumigatus extract changed the expression of adhesion molecules (CD62L and CD11b) and CD69 on the surface of eosinophils, without affecting their viability, via nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 2 (NOD2) but not protease activity. Investigation using kinase inhibitors showed that A. fumigatus extract-induced modulation was partly mediated via p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases. Multi-omics analysis revealed that A. fumigatus-induced gene and protein expression profiles were characterized by the upregulation of oxidative stress-related molecules, including heat shock proteins (HSP90AA1, HSP90AB1, SRXN1, and HMOX1). NOD2 inhibitor and NAC differentially inhibited A. fumigatus-induced inflammatory changes. Additional multi-omics analysis identified that NOD2 signaling induced gene signatures different from those of interleukin (IL)-5 and elicited synergistic change with IL-5., Conclusions: A. fumigatus modulates human eosinophils via NOD2 and oxidative stress-mediated signaling. NOD2 signaling potentiated IL-5-induced activation, suggesting its pathogenic role in type 2 inflammation. NOD2 inhibitors and antioxidants can have therapeutic potential against A. fumigatus-related allergic disorders., (Copyright © 2024 Japanese Society of Allergology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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200. Airway Epithelium-derived CXCL14 Promotes Eosinophil Accumulation in Allergic Airway Inflammation.
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Ogawa T, Maki Y, Takahashi S, Ono T, Sato K, Kawana A, and Kimizuka Y
- Abstract
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14) is expressed in the airway epithelial cells of patients with asthma. However, the mechanisms of CXCL14 secretion and its effects on asthma pathogenesis remain unclear. Here, we investigated the role of CXCL14 in allergic airway inflammation and its effects on eosinophil infiltration. Our findings showed that Alternaria alternata , a major environmental allergen, stimulated CXCL14 secretion from airway epithelial cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes, especially in OXPHOS complex II. In vivo , in a mouse model of allergic airway inflammation, intranasal administration of anti-CXCL14 antibody suppressed eosinophil and dendritic cell infiltration into the airways and goblet cell hyperplasia. In vitro , in human eosinophil-like cells, CXCL14 promoted cell migration through C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) binding. Eosinophil CXCR4 expression was upregulated by Alternaria stimulation via ROS production. These findings suggest that the crosstalk between Alternaria -stimulated airway epithelial CXCL14 secretion and eosinophil CXCR4 upregulation plays an important role in eosinophil infiltration into the lungs during allergic airway inflammation. In summary, this study demonstrates that CXCL14 could be a therapeutic target for allergic airway inflammation.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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