Search

Abstract Leaf water content (LWC) is a vital indicator of crop growth and development. While visible and near-infrared (VIS–NIR) spectroscopy makes it possible to estimate crop leaf moisture, spectral preprocessing and multiband spectral indices have important significance in the quantitative analysis of LWC. In this work, the fractional order derivative (FOD) was used for leaf spectral processing, and multiband spectral indices were constructed based on the band-optimization algorithm. Eventually, an integrated index, namely, the multiband spectral index (MBSI) and moisture index (MI), is proposed to estimate the LWC in spring wheat around Fu-Kang City, Xinjiang, China. The MBSIs for LWC were calculated from two types of spectral data: raw reflectance (RR) and the spectrum based on FOD. The LWC was estimated by combining machine learning (K-nearest neighbor, KNN; support vector machine, SVM; and artificial neural network, ANN). The results showed that the fractional derivative pretreatment of spectral data enhances the implied information of the spectrum (the maximum correlation coefficient appeared using a 0.8-order differential) and increases the number of sensitive bands, especially in the near-infrared bands (700–1100 nm). The correlations between LWC and the two-band index (RVI1156, 1628 nm), three-band indices (3BI-3(766, 478, 1042 nm), 3BI-4(1129, 1175, 471 nm), 3BI-5(814, 929, 525 nm), 3BI-6(1156, 1214, 802 nm), 3BI-7(929, 851, 446 nm)) based on FOD were higher than that of moisture indices and single-band spectrum, with r of − 0.71**, 0.74**, 0.73**, − 0.72**, 0.75** and − 0.76** for the correlation. The prediction accuracy of the two-band spectral indices (DVI(698, 1274 nm) DVI(698, 1274 nm) DVI(698, 1274 nm)) was higher than that of the moisture spectral index, with R 2 of 0.81 and R 2 of 0.79 for the calibration and validation, respectively. Due to a large amount of spectral indices, the correlation coefficient method was used to select the characteristic spectral index from full three-band indices. Among twenty seven models, the FWBI-3BI− 0.8 order model performed the best predictive ability (with an R 2 of 0.86, RMSE of 2.11%, and RPD of 2.65). These findings confirm that combining spectral index optimization with machine learning is a highly effective method for inverting the leaf water content in spring wheat.

Aphid-borne viral infection is a major limiting factor for groundnut production in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The study aimed to elucidate the effectiveness of integrated management packages (IMP) in controlling aphid-borne viruses infecting groundnut in the field. Field trials were conducted in a plot without (M0) and with plastic mulch and maize as a plant barrier (M1), while two different groundnut varieties, Bougainvillea leaf extract, and insecticides were incorporated as the subplot treatments. The treatments in M1 plot significantly reduced the aphid population (17.4–79.9%) and AUDPC incidence (51.7–87.3%), and severity (61.0–92.9%), respectively. The treatments increased dry pod production by 11.9–63.3% depending on subplot treatment compared to treatments in the M0 plot (p>0.05). Bean common mosaic virus strain PSt and Cowpea Polerovirus 2 were positively detected in groundnuts as well as in aphids using RT-PCR. Further, nine weed species in the vicinity of the field trial were found to be positively infected with BCMV-PSt, indicating their crucial role as reservoir hosts. Interestingly, the effectiveness of Bougainvillea leaf extract treatment in the M1 plot was comparable to that of the insecticide treatment, indicating that this IMP is a more cost-effective, eco-friendly groundnut virus control than the currently used method.

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of push and pull factors on the intentions of international participants to revisit MICE events held in Amman, given that there are very few existing studies on the topic. This research is quantitative and employs a questionnaire method to collect data. For data analysis, partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to test the research hypothesis with a purposive sample of 479 international visitors who had attended 14 MICE events held in Amman in 2022. The study revealed that networking opportunities, educational opportunities, destination image, travel cost, destination attraction and accessibility have a significant positive impact on revisit intentions. In terms of implications, these findings contribute to enriching push and pull theory in this context among MICE participants. In practical terms, the findings contribute to empowering planners, managers, marketers and organizers in the MICE industry in terms of creating and promoting effective strategies related to MICE tourism. The findings are anticipated to be useful for conference organizers, enabling them to attract repeat participants in this extremely competitive event industry.

Pangkajene Islands Regency is one of the centers producing fishery products such as shrimp and milkfish. Shrimp is one of Indonesia's main export commodities in the fisheries sector. However, the productivity of ponds in Pangkep Regency is still relatively low because they are still managed traditionally without aerators. The use of an aerator will increase the oxygen content in the pond so that productivity can be increased. Limited access to electricity for farmers who are far from settlements is one of the problems with the use of aerators which are still not widely used. Therefore, with the help of solar panels to supply electricity to the aerator wheels, farming can run more economically, efficiently and can increase productivity. The solar aerator system is assembled and tested for performance both in the laboratory and during implementation. Then socialization and demonstrations on the use of solar-based aerators were carried out.

Desa Possi Tanah merupakan salah satu daerah di Kabupaten Bulukumba yang memiliki penduduk sebanyak 762 jiwa dimana mayoritas penduduknya berprofesi sebagai petani kelapa. Saat ini petani kelapa di Desa Possi Tanah menggunakan metode kon-vensional dalam mengolah sabuk kelapa menjadi cocofiber. Metode tersebut kurang efektif karena membutuhkan waktu yang la-ma dan energi yang cukup besar. Kurangnya informasi yang diperoleh petani serta kurangnya penerapan teknologi dan ilmu pengetahuan me-nyebabkan proses pengolahan sabuk kelapa kurang diminati oleh para petani di Desa Possi Tanah. Oleh karena itu pengabdian dilakukan untuk mengimplementasikan teknologi mesin pengurai sabuk kelapa untuk petani kelapa di desa tersebut. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk memberikan wawasan dan pengetahun serta meningkatkan minat para petani dalam mengolah sabuk kelapa secara efektif dan efisien. Selain itu, dilakukan juga pelatihan dan cara perawatan mesin pengurai sabuk kelapa yang dilanjutkan dengan demonstrasi mesin pengurai sabuk kelapa. Hasil pengujian diperoleh cocofiber yang panjang namun masih terdapat sisa serbuk yang melekat pada serat. Selain menghasilkan cocofiber, mesin tersebut juga menghasilkan cocopeat yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media tanam.

Abstract The accurate prediction of in-hospital mortality in Asian women after ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) remains a crucial issue in medical research. Existing models frequently neglect this demographic's particular attributes, resulting in poor treatment outcomes. This study aims to improve the prediction of in-hospital mortality in multi-ethnic Asian women with STEMI by employing both base and ensemble machine learning (ML) models. We centred on the development of demographic-specific models using data from the Malaysian National Cardiovascular Disease Database spanning 2006 to 2016. Through a careful iterative feature selection approach that included feature importance and sequential backward elimination, significant variables such as systolic blood pressure, Killip class, fasting blood glucose, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE), and oral hypoglycemic medications were identified. The findings of our study revealed that ML models with selected features outperformed the conventional Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Risk score, with area under the curve (AUC) ranging from 0.60 to 0.93 versus TIMI's AUC of 0.81. Remarkably, our best-performing ensemble ML model was surpassed by the base ML model, support vector machine (SVM) Linear with SVM selected features (AUC: 0.93, CI: 0.89–0.98 versus AUC: 0.91, CI: 0.87–0.96). Furthermore, the women-specific model outperformed a non-gender-specific STEMI model (AUC: 0.92, CI: 0.87–0.97). Our findings demonstrate the value of women-specific ML models over standard approaches, emphasizing the importance of continued testing and validation to improve clinical care for women with STEMI.

Background and objectives: Various factors facilitate seizures in patients with epilepsy. The relationship between the phases of the moon and neuropsychiatric conditions has been a matter of curiosity. The present study investigated whether patient presentations to the emergency department with epileptic seizures vary according to the phases of the moon, seasons, and daily air temperature. Materials and method: The study retrospectively included patients who presented to the emergency department with epileptic seizures over a one-year period. Patients with provoked seizures (head trauma, intracranial hemorrhage, etc.), pregnant women, and patients aged under 18 years were excluded. Patients’ age, gender, date and time of presentation to the emergency department were recorded. The effects of the phases of the moon and seasons on these presentations were investigated. Results:Total 255 patients (176 male, 79 female) met the inclusion criteria of the study. The majority of patients (67.1%) were aged 18-44 years. Majority of the patients (41.2%) did not previously used epileptic medication. The laboratory tests ​​showed that the mean blood pH and lactate values were 7.31±0.11 and 4.59±4.12 mmol/L respectively. No statistically significant (p>0.05) relationship was observed regarding frequency of presentations of epileptic seizures and the season and phases of the moon. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the phases of the moon, air temperature, and seasons did not affect the frequency of epileptic seizures. July 2024; Vol. 18(2):006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.55010/imcjms.18.018 *Correspondence: Erdal Yavuz, Department of Emergency Medicine, Adiyaman University Medical Faculty, Adiyaman, Turkey. Email: erdal_yavuz15@hotmail.com

The Kajang people are known for their lives based on traditional values, traditional beliefs, and distinctive local wisdom. They are here to preserve traditions amidst the blows of globalization. With this local wisdom, researchers are interested in analyzing the social construction of the Kajang traditional community to maintain their local wisdom. This research used a qualitative approach through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and data analysis using grounded theory analysis techniques. The research results show that the Kajang indigenous community faced challenges in maintaining their local wisdom amidst social changes and external influences. However, with its social construction, it maintained local wisdom through externalization, objectivation, and internalization processes. With this social construction approach, the Kajang traditional community can show resilience and initiative to preserve local wisdom and strengthen social ties between community members. This research will not only provide new insights into the local wisdom of the Kajang people in efforts to preserve culture, community development, and policy development in Indonesia.

Nanotechnology is developing into a fast-expanding discipline with applications in science and technology, and nanostructures are a crucial research tool in many fields. Due to their remarkable electrical, optical, magnetic, catalytic, and pharmacological capabilities, metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have drawn study interest. Natural elements (plants, microorganisms, fungi, etc.) are utilized in a chemical-free, environmentally benign way to synthesize metals and metal oxides. The optical, electrical, and antimicrobial qualities of silver nanoparticle (AgNP) make them a popular choice. More than 200 active ingredients, including water-soluble, organic-soluble, and volatile chemicals, are found in Ganoderma. The main components are polysaccharides, adenosine, and terpenoids, each of which has exceptional therapeutic properties. This article explains the synthesis of Ag NPs by Ganoderma lucidum and tests the antibacterial effectiveness for use in biological applications.

The main purpose of this study is to examine the effect of teaching through the "Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) Model" on the reading comprehension skills at primary fourth grade. As a consequence, it was concluded in the study that the pre-test means were close to each other in the experimental and control group and that the experimental group had a higher mean than the control group in the post-test mean scores. Moreover, no significant difference was obtained between the experimental and control groups regarding the pre-tests. Still, a significant difference was obtained in favour of the experimental group for the post-tests. On the other hand, whereas it was determined that there was no significant difference between the experimental and control group for the pre-tests of Reading Comprehension and Main Theme Determination scales, there was a significant difference in favour of the experimental group for the post-tests and gain levels. It was also concluded that the value p which corresponded to Z=0,58 in the Pearson Product-Moment equation was 0.082 (p>0,05), and considering that the result was not significant, the pre-test/ post-test prediction level was not significant, and the power degree of the correlation between them did not present a significant difference.

Since 2011, Syria has been engulfed in a complex conflict marked by both targeted and indiscriminate attacks on civilians and civilian infrastructure. Water infrastructure has been continuously targeted, exacerbating problems with contamination of and access to clean adequate drinking water, and increasing the risk of waterborne diseases. We aimed to determine whether having access to more functional and chlorinated water stations is associated with a reduced risk of waterborne disease in northwest Syria. We examined the effect of functioning chlorinated water stations on the incidence of waterborne disease in 10 districts of Northwest Syria between January 1, 2017, and June 30, 2021, using weekly reported disease surveillance data and data from a water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) system evaluation program of the Assistance Coordination Unit (ACU). We ran eight negative binomial models to examine the association between functioning chlorinated water stations and the incidence of four of the five waterborne diseases: acute bloody diarrhea (ABD), acute other diarrhea (AOD), acute jaundice syndrome (AJS), and severe typhoid fever (STF). Dose-response models were used to investigate how the incidence of disease can theoretically be reduced as functioning and chlorinated water stations strategically increase. Compared to areas with lower quintiles of functioning and chlorinated water stations, the rates of the four waterborne diseases were lower in areas with higher quintiles of functioning and chlorinated water stations. Exposure to functioning water stations had a stronger association with lower rates of waterborne diseases than exposure to chlorinated water stations. Dose-response models demonstrate a potential for curbing the incidence of acute diarrhea and acute jaundice syndrome. The results of this study provide an understanding of the effects of water station functionality and chlorination in conflict settings. These findings support greater prioritization of WASH activities in countries experiencing violence against civilian infrastructure.

In this study, the mediating role of readiness for self-directed learning in the relationship between pre-service teachers' teaching-learning approach and lifelong learning skills was examined. The study group consisted of 800 pre-service teachers studying in different universities in Turkey. Data were collected with three different scales. The analysis of the data was carried out using structural equation modelling. According to the findings obtained and the results of the mediation analysis, it is clear that the readiness of self-directed learning in the relationship between constructivist teaching-learning, which is one of the learning teaching approaches, and lifelong learning tendencies has a full mediating role. However, there was no significant relationship between traditional teaching-learning approach and lifelong learning tendencies and readiness for self-directed learning. As a result, the type of learning-teaching approach affects readiness for self-directed learning and therefore lifelong learning tendencies.

This study aims to evaluate the practicality of mind mapping-based teaching materials in improving students' understanding and retention of information in the Islamic Religious Education Curriculum Review course at Muhammadiyah Kendari University. This research was conducted amidst various challenges related to traditional teaching methods, time constraints, and students' difficulties in understanding complex concepts. This study used a mixed research design using the sequential explanatory method. Quantitative data was collected through questionnaires given to 103 students, followed by qualitative data collection through interviews and document analysis with teaching lecturers. From the data analysis, it was found that mind-mapping-based teaching materials are very practical in supporting the learning process. As many as 85% of students stated that this teaching material was very helpful in understanding the material taught. Lecturers' responses also showed that this teaching material is practical and can be used in the learning process. These findings indicate the importance of developing innovative and adaptive teaching materials to meet students' learning needs effectively. This study recommends the adoption of mind mapping-based learning models accompanied by organized internal and external support to facilitate the provision of balanced and sustainable knowledge in accordance with modern educational trends and student needs.

Pharmacological management of Parkinson’s disease (PD) is complex and may negatively impact patients' adherence to therapy. Several objective and subjective approaches are used to assess therapeutic adherence. Measurement of biological markers, that are well correlated with the effect of the medications, and that are distributed into easily accessible body fluids would be feasible approach for measuring therapeutic adherence for these medications. S100B protein has been proposed to be involved in the pathophysiology of PD. The study aims to measure the serum S100B level in PD patients and to assess its potentials to be used as a biomarker to predict therapeutic adherence in PD patients. Sixty-eight adult outpatients, of both genders, who were already diagnosed with PD, receiving different anti-Parkinson medications, were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Hoehn and Yahr scale was used to determine the stage of disease; while, therapeutic adherence to treatment was assessed using the Arabic version of Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8). Serum S100B level was measured by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. Serum S100B level of participants was 10.55 (13.3) ng/l, and there was no significant difference between medians of S100B protein according to disease stages, P =0.975. Serum S100B level in patients with poor therapeutic adherence [14.2 (13.2) ng/l] was significantly higher than that in patients with good therapeutic adherence [3.14 (3.34)]; P = 0.008. Furthermore, serum S100B level with the MMAS-8; (r= -0.414, P = 0.001). Finally, at a cut-off point 3.57 ng/l and above, serum S100B level was shown to have good potential [area under the curve (AUC)= 0.715], as biomarker of therapeutic adherence with 70.6% sensitivity and 70.6%, specificity; P = 0.008. In conclusion, serum S100B level in PD patients is negatively correlated with therapeutic adherence level and has good potentials as biomarker of therapeutic adherence in PD patients to anti-Parkinson medications.

Administration of selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and anti-estrogens has been shown to reduce the size of pituitary tumors. However, previous studies were performed on animal pituitary tumors or tissue cultures. We administered oral tamoxifen to a postoperative patient with a nonfunctioning pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (NF-PitNET) to investigate its potential effect on tumor volume. This case report presents the case of a 47-year-old female patient with a null cell adenoma who had undergone surgical resection as primary treatment and was left with a residual tumor that grew significantly. She was treated with tamoxifen 20–40 mg daily for one year. She was followed up to assess tamoxifen adherence, tolerability, and adverse events. The resected pituitary tumor was stained with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and beta (ERβ), proliferation markers (ki-67 and p53), and H&E staining for mitotic count. MRI of the pituitary gland was performed before starting treatment, after 6 months, and after 1 year of tamoxifen therapy. Her resected tumor showed high-intensity ERβ staining in the absence of ERα expression. She was able to tolerate oral tamoxifen therapy without side effects. Tamoxifen therapy resulted in a remarkable reduction in residual tumor volume of up to 87 % in this patient. Tamoxifen has a potential therapeutic effect in treating patients with residual NF-PitNET tumors that have regrown after primary resection. This finding may provide an alternative treatment modality for recurrent NF-PitNET. ERβ expression may predict response to tamoxifen in this subset of patients.

ناقشت هذه الدراسة نسبة تأثير طريقة التغذية الراجعة 360 درجة على فعالية الأداء الوظيفي من خلال العدالة التنظيمية كمتغير وسيط، والتي يستخدمها معلمو التربية الإسلامية للصفوف (5 إلى 12) في أربع محافظات: مسقط، جنوب الباطنة، شمال الباطنة، والداخلية. هدفت الدراسة إلى: قياس مدى تطبيق طريقة التغذية الراجعة، وقياس تأثيرها على فعالية الأداء الوظيفي للمعلمين، وعلى العدالة التنظيمية، وتأثير العدالة التنظيمية على فعالية الأداء الوظيفي للمعلمين. اعتمدت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي والمنهج الكمي في جمع البيانات وتحليلها. تم اختيار عينة عشوائية بسيطة من (350) معلما ومعلمة من أصل (3885). وتم تطوير ثلاث استبانات مكونة من (63) عبارة موزعة على (3) محاور، وتم التأكد من صلاحيتها وثباتها. وأظهرت النتائج: أن هناك تأثيرا إيجابيا عاليا ومباشرا ذا دلالة إحصائية لطريقة التغذية الراجعة على فعالية الأداء الوظيفي بمقدار (0.577) وحدة. وهناك تأثير إيجابي مرتفع لطريقة التغذية الراجعة على العدالة التنظيمية بقيمة (0.667). وأخيرًا، هناك تأثير إيجابي مرتفع ومباشر ذو دلالة إحصائية لفعالية العدالة التنظيمية على الأداء الوظيفي لمعلمي التربية الإسلامية بقيمة (0.584) وحدة.

Background Occupational diseases are one of the most important health problems related to employment However, in Malaysia, there are few epidemiological studies discussing these issues, especially among workers in the industry. For that, this study aimed to screen workers from high-risk industrial sectors, identify hazards in the workplace and recommend improvement measures in the workplace to prevent occupational diseases.Methods and analysis This is a 3-year project in which a survey of 100 000 workers from all 13 states in Malaysia will be conducted using a web-based screening tool that is comprised of two parts: occupational disease screening tool and hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control method. Data will be collected using a multistage stratified sampling method from 500 companies, including seven critical industrial sectors. The independent variables will be sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, previous medical history, high-risk behaviour and workplace profile. The dependent variable will be the types of occupational diseases (noise-induced hearing loss, respiratory, musculoskeletal, neurotoxic, skin and mental disorders). Subsequently, suggestions of referral for medium and high-risk workers to occupational health clinics will be attained. The approved occupational health service clinics/providers will make a confirmatory diagnosis of each case as deemed necessary. Subsequently, a walk-through survey to identify workplace hazards and recommend workplace improvement measures to prevent these occupational diseases will be achieved. Both descriptive and inferential statistics will be used in this study. Simple and adjusted binary regression will be used to find the determinants of occupational diseases.Ethics and dissemination This study has been approved by the MARA University of Technology Research Ethics Board. Informed, written consent will be obtained from all study participants. Findings will be disseminated to the Department of Occupational Health and Safety, involved industries, and through peer-reviewed publications.

Despite the established links between obesity, blood pressure variability, and cardiovascular risks, the specific impact of the interaction between obesity and non-dipping blood pressure status on left ventricular mass (LVM) in normotensive individuals remains underexplored. Most studies have focused on hypertensive populations, leaving a critical gap in understanding how these factors contribute to cardiovascular changes in normotensive young adults. This study aims to address this gap by examining the combined effects of obesity and blood pressure dipping status on LVM in a normotensive cohort of young subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Hasanuddin University Hospital and Central General Hospital (RSUP) Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo from March 2023, with a sample of 63 subjects divided into 32 dippers and 31 non-dippers. Interviews and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were used to collect blood pressure data and history of hypertension. LVM measurements were obtained via echocardiography. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, with statistical significance set at p

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing and concerning threat to global public health, necessitating innovative strategies to combat this crisis. Amidine-containing compounds have emerged as promising agents in the battle against AMR. This review gives a summary of recent advances from the past decade in studies of antimicrobial amidine-containing compounds with the aim to feature their structural diversity and the pharmacological relevance of the moiety to antimicrobial activity and their potential use in combating antimicrobial resistance, to the greatest extent possible. Highlighting is put on chemical structure of such compounds in relation to antimicrobial activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, and antiparasitic activities. Researchers commonly modify molecules containing amidine or incorporate amidine into existing antimicrobial agents to enhance their pharmacological attributes and combat antimicrobial resistance. This comprehensive review consolidates the current knowledge on amidine-containing compounds, elucidating their antimicrobial mechanisms and highlighting their promise in addressing the global AMR crisis. By offering a multidisciplinary perspective, we aim to inspire further research and innovation in this critical area of antimicrobial research.

IntroductionThe potential neuroprotective and regenerative properties of electrical stimulation (ES) were studied in rhodopsin knockout mice (Rho−/−), a murine model of inherited retinal degeneration. The study focused on assessing the impact of varying ES frequencies on visual functions and photoreceptor cell survival in Rho−/− mice.MethodsTo elucidate the impact of electrical stimulation on cone survival, Rho−/− mice received either sham or transpalpebral ES using biphasic ramp or rectangular waveforms at 100 µA amplitude, starting at six weeks of age. The treatment duration spanned from one to three weeks. The optimal treatment frequency of ES sessions was determined by applying ES every one, two, or three days in three separate groups of Rho−/− mice. The sham group received daily treatments without the application of ES.ResultsOur study revealed significant improvement of visual function in Rho−/− mice following daily or every-other-day noninvasive transpalpebral ES, as evidenced by electroretinogram and optomotor response-based visual behavior assays. Concurrently, assessment of outer nuclear thickness and immunohistochemistry for the cone photoreceptor cell marker PNA demonstrated pronounced increases in the survival of rods and cones and improvement in the morphology of the inner and outer segments.DiscussionThis study underscores the protective effect of non-invasive ES in rhodopsin knockout-induced retinal degenerative disorders, providing a foundation for developing targeted therapeutic interventions for retinitis pigmentosa.

This article presents a proportional-integral sliding mode control (PI-SMC) approach for a two-mass variable speed wind turbine (VSWT) system. Most studies on wind turbines typically focus mainly on the electromagnetic part of the generators, or even on the high-speed part, considering the shaft stiffness as negligible. However, the generator torque is actually driven by the aerodynamic torque, and a two-mass system like the one studied here plays the role of a transmission element for this power. To address this challenge, the problem of low power generation resulting from wind speed variability is tackled by designing a PI-SMC control law, capable of controlling the mechanical turbine model that optimizes power and torque by tracking the maximum power point (MPPT) for rotational speed and aerodynamic power. To validate the developed theoretical results, an application of the wind turbine system is simulated in Matlab/Simulink, for a particular case. The control used is capable of satisfying the dynamic performance of the systems.

The current study presents the creation of a straightforward and sensitive sensor based on ZnO/Co3O4 nanocomposite modified screen-printed electrode (ZnO/Co3O4NC/SPE) for levodopa determination. At ZnO/Co3O4NC/SPE, an oxidative peak for levodopa solution in pH 6.0 phosphate buffer solution (PBS) were seen that were both more resolved and more enhanced. Levodopa was measured using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), which showed an excellent linear range (0.001–800.0 μM) and detection limit (0.81 nM). The presence of interference did not affect the electrochemical response of levodopa at ZnO/Co3O4NC/SPE, demonstrating high selectivity. Levodopa in a real samples have been successfully detected using the manufactured sensor.

ObjectiveGhrelin is an orexigenic peptide that becomes post-translationally modified. Natural autoantibodies to ghrelin (ghrelin-aAb) have been described in healthy subjects, in eating disorders and rheumatic diseases, with potential clinical relevance. Despite these important reports, the data base on the prevalence and physiological role is small and technical approaches for assessing ghrelin-aAb are few, encouraging respective research for improving knowledge on the potential endocrine significance.MethodsA novel immunoprecipitation assay was generated based on a fusion protein of human ghrelin with a reporter gene. Assay quality was verified with commercial antibodies. Assay characteristics and matrix effects were determined, including stability of natural ghrelin-aAb to freezing, signal linearity in dilution experiments, and comparison of different matrices. Three groups of serum samples were analyzed for ghrelin-aAb, comprising commercial sera from healthy subjects and patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus.ResultsThe newly generated ghrelin-aAb assay proved sensitive, robust and reliable over a broad concentration range. Results from serum and plasma differed slightly. The signals from serum remained stable towards freezing and thawing, and in dilution experiments. Applying a mathematical criterion for outliers (P75 + 1.5-times IQR), an average prevalence of 11%–12% of positive samples was identified in the different human cohorts, with no significant sex-or disease-related difference.General significanceA novel diagnostic autoantibody assay detected ghrelin-aAb with a similar prevalence in diabetic patients and controls, suggesting that autoimmunity to ghrelin plays little role in diabetes mellitus, but may be of relevance in other diseases where ghrelin signaling is essential.

Abstract Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is a crucial safeguard mechanism of mitosis fidelity that ensures equal division of duplicated chromosomes to the two progeny cells. Impaired SAC can lead to chromosomal instability (CIN), a well‐recognized hallmark of cancer that facilitates tumor progression; paradoxically, high CIN levels are associated with better therapeutic response and prognosis. However, the mechanism by which CIN determines tumor cell survival and therapeutic response remains poorly understood. Here, using a cross‐omics approach, YY2 is identified as a mitotic regulator that promotes SAC activity by activating the transcription of budding uninhibited by benzimidazole 3 (BUB3), a component of SAC. While both conditions induce CIN, a defect in YY2/SAC activity enhances mitosis and tumor growth. Meanwhile, hyperactivation of SAC mediated by YY2/BUB3 triggers a delay in mitosis and suppresses growth. Furthermore, it is revealed that YY2/BUB3‐mediated excessive CIN causes higher cell death rates and drug sensitivity, whereas residual tumor cells that survived DNA damage‐based therapy have moderate CIN and increased drug resistance. These results provide insights into the role of SAC activity and CIN levels in influencing tumor cell survival and drug response, as well as suggest a novel anti‐tumor therapeutic strategy that combines SAC activity modulators and DNA‐damage agents.

Small pelagic fishes including anchovies in Indonesia are caught by using different types of fishing gears. However, the anchovy purse seine commonly used polyethylene (PE) as material webbing which is less effective in the North Coastal Java Sea. This study aims to describe the design and construction of the anchovy purse seine and the characteristics of this gear construction. The research was carried out in the North Coastal Java Sea of Indonesia between May and June 2021. The main data from the nine anchovy purse seine units were collected using purposive sampling. The sampling method was performed by identifying and measuring the components of the number of anchovy purse seiners. The ratio of the length of the head rope to the length of the ground rope is between 0.926 and 0.991, so the net is not exactly rectangular, but almost trapezium in shape. The anchovy purse seine was constructed using webbing polyamide (PA) with 8 mm–9 mm in mesh size, which is considered a small mesh size. It is assembled with some ropes, floats, and sinkers. The anchovy purse seine is characterized by the dominant buoyancy value, 48 % larger than the sinking force. The sinking speed is 0.15 m/s, and the sinking time is 164 s. The anchovy purse seine's design and construction are suitable for operating in the waters of North Coast of Java.

Baeckea frutescens L. has been traditionally used for treating snakebites and is known to possess antifebrile and hemostatic properties. These properties are closely related to wound healing. This study aimed to evaluate the wound healing properties of B. frutescens leaves extract (BFLE) in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro study focused on proliferation, migration, and expression of TGF-β, IL-1β, VEGF, and MMP-2 genes and proteins. The in vivo study included excisional wound healing, histology, and tensile strength studies. The ethanolic extract of B. frutescens (BFLE) was tested for its effects on proliferation and migration using keratinocytes (HaCaT) and fibroblasts (BJ) cells. Gene and protein expression related to wound healing were analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blot assays. The wound healing properties of BFLE were evaluated in vivo using Wistar albino rats, focusing on excisional wound healing, histology, and tensile strength studies. The BFLE displayed significant proliferative and migratory effects on keratinocytes and fibroblasts cells, while upregulating the expression of TGF-β, IL-1β, VEGF, and MMP-2 genes and proteins. BFLE also exhibited significant wound healing effects on Wistar albino rats’ excisional wounds and improved the overall tensile strength. The results suggest that BFLE has strong wound healing properties, as demonstrated by its ability to increase keratinocytes and fibroblasts proliferation and migration, upregulate genes and proteins involved in the wound healing process, and improve wound healing rates and tensile strength. The findings of this study provide important insights into the potential use of B. frutescens as a natural wound healing agent.