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1,028 results on '"KIM, S. I."'

152. Mechanisms of virtual reality exposure therapy : The role of the behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition systems

Author

Wilhelm, F. H., Pfaltz, Monique C., Gross, J. J., Mauss, I. B., Kim, S. I., Wiederhold, B. K., Wilhelm, F. H., Pfaltz, Monique C., Gross, J. J., Mauss, I. B., Kim, S. I., and Wiederhold, B. K.

Abstract

J. A. Gray’s (1975) theory distinguishes between two motivational systems, which he refers to as the behavioral activation system (BAS) and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS). D. C. Fowles (1980) has shown that heart rate responses reflect activity of the BAS, and electrodermal responses reflect activity of the BIS. Both BAS and BIS are reliably activated during in-vivo exposure to fearful situations (F. H. Wilhelm & W. T. Roth, 1998). However, due to the constraints imposed by virtual reality (VR), we hypothesized that VR exposure to fearful situations would activate the BIS alone. To test this hypothesis, a VR free-standing elevator simulation was presented to participants selected for high and low fear of heights. As predicted, the high-anxious group strongly responded electrodermally (effect size d = 1.53), but showed only minimal HR elevations during exposure (d = 0.12), and little other cardiovascular or respiratory changes. The low-anxious control group showed little electrodermal and HR reactivity (d = 0.28 and 0.12). A comparison with data from a previous study demonstrated that this pattern was in stark contrast to the large electrodermal and cardiovascular response observed during situational in-vivo exposure outside the laboratory. We conclude that the BIS, but not BAS, is selectively activated during VR exposure, causing discordance between self-report and commonly used physiological measures of anxiety. Results are discussed within the framework of E. B. Foa & M. J. Kozak’s (1986) emotional processing theory of fear modification, suggesting different mechanisms underlying VR and in-vivo exposure treatments. © 2005 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.

Published
2005
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179. Growth of Triangular Shaped InGaAs/GaAs Quantum Wire Structures

Author

Kim, S-I, Han, I-K, Chung, S W, Jagadish, Chennupati, Kim, S-I, Han, I-K, Chung, S W, and Jagadish, Chennupati

Abstract

The growth of traingular shaped InGaAs/GaAs quantum wire structures was studied by using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) technique. The cleaved surface and top surface morphology of the grown structures were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed the dependence on the opening width of the height of the grown traingular shaped quantum wire structures.

Published
2003

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