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151. Glycosylation-Dependent Binding of Pancreatic Type I Phospholipase A2 to Its Specific Receptor

Author

K. Kawamoto, H. Fujita, Kohji Hanasaki, and Hitoshi Arita

Subjects
Glycosylation, Biophysics, Receptors, Cell Surface, Histamine H1 receptor, Biology, Biochemistry, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, Phospholipases A, Substrate Specificity, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phospholipase A2, Lectins, Animals, Receptor, Pancreas, Molecular Biology, Aorta, Cells, Cultured, Receptors, Phospholipase A2, Tunicamycin, Lectin, Cell Biology, Ligand (biochemistry), Molecular biology, Wheat germ agglutinin, Phospholipases A2, chemistry, biology.protein, Cattle, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins)
Abstract

Pancreatic group I phospholipase A2 (PLA2-I) elicits various biological responses via its specific receptor. The PLA2-I binding to its recombinant soluble receptor was considerably reduced after Peptide: N-glycosidase F treatment of the receptor. In cultured bovine smooth muscle cells, treatment with tunicamycin, a N-glycosylation inhibitor, resulted in a decrease in the number of PLA2-I receptor. In addition, the PLA2-I binding was blocked by the addition of a lectin, Wheat germ agglutinin. These results suggest an involvement of N-linked oligosaccharides of the PLA2-I receptor for its ligand recognition.

Published
1995
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155. Intraosseous venous malformations of the zygoma: clarification of misconceptions regarding diagnosis and management

Author

Seth R. Thaller, Michael V. DeFazio, Lauren Meshkov, Philip G. Robinson, Henry K. Kawamoto, Liliana Camison, and Wrood Kassira

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Facial bone, Vascular Malformations, Radiography, Veins, Hemangioma, Therapeutic approach, Pathognomonic, medicine, Humans, Glucose Transporter Type 1, Zygoma, Bone Transplantation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Vascular malformation, Magnetic resonance imaging, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Surgery, Female, Radiology, business, Venous malformation, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

Primary intraosseous venous malformations affecting the zygoma are rare vascular lesions, with only 35 cases reported in the surgical literature. Despite the establishment of the binary classification system, which serves to distinguish vascular tumors from malformations, inappropriate use of the term "hemangioma" to describe a variety of distinct vascular anomalies remains widespread. The authors present 3 cases of zygomatic intraosseous venous malformations and summarize the clinical, radiographic, and immunohistochemical features of these lesions. In each case, an insidious clinical course, combined with the pathognomonic finding of radiating trabeculae on computed tomography, suggests the diagnosis of intraosseous venous malformation. Negative glucose transporter isoform 1 immunoreactivity and histopathological analysis were used to reinforce this diagnosis in 1 patient. Management was individualized in each case, based on symptom complex and aesthetic concern. Given that the therapeutic approach to vascular anomalies is dependent on accurate diagnosis, resolution of semantic matters will optimize the management of these lesions.

Published
2012

156. Le Fort II osteotomy

Author

Henry K. Kawamoto and Gregory E. Lakin

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus, Blood Loss, Surgical, Postoperative Hemorrhage, Osteotomy, Le Fort II osteotomy, Craniofacial Abnormalities, Parietal Bone, Craniosynostoses, Young Adult, Goldenhar Syndrome, Postoperative Complications, Blood loss, Facial Hemiatrophy, medicine, Maxilla, Humans, Osteotomy, Le Fort, Nasal Bone, Retrospective Studies, Hematoma, Zygoma, Bone Transplantation, business.industry, Follow up studies, General Medicine, Cranial Sutures, Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology, Frontal Bone, Female, Nasal Obstruction, business, Algorithms, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

In comparison with the abundant literature on Le Fort I and III osteotomies, there is scant information on the Le Fort II osteotomy. Our goal in this study was to define the indications and techniques of the elective Le Fort II osteotomy. We reviewed our 30-year experience, which is the longest series of patients treated with Le Fort II osteotomies at a single institution.A review of the records of 13 consecutive patients at our institution with a diagnosis of Le Fort II was conducted. Data analyzed included demographic information, indications, techniques, complications, and combined procedures. On the basis of surgical outcomes, a treatment algorithm was created.Thirteen patients had a diagnosis of Le Fort II at our institution. Five were excluded because of incomplete records or Le Fort II fracture repair. Three patients were male, and 5 were female. Their average age was 23 years, and the average follow-up was 60 months. Indications included nasomaxillary deviation related to unilateral coronal synostosis, hemifacial microsomia, Romberg disease, and noncleft nasomaxillary hypoplasia. The average estimated blood loss was 950 mL. Complications were persistent nasal deviation, temporary nasal obstruction, and a hematoma. Complementary procedures included bilateral sagittal split osteotomies, bone grafts, Le Fort I osteotomy, and repositioning of the zygoma.On the basis of this review, we have elucidated the indications and less invasive techniques of the elective Le Fort II osteotomy. No major complications were observed. A management algorithm for performing the Le Fort II osteotomy is presented.

Published
2012

157. Parry-Romberg reconstruction: optimal timing for hard and soft tissue procedures

Author

James P. Bradley, Henry K. Kawamoto, Ginger C. Slack, Karam A. Allam, and Christina J. Tabit

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Esthetics, Operative Time, Family satisfaction, Facial Bones, Computed tomographic, Patient satisfaction, Genioplasty, Imaging, Three-Dimensional, Soft tissue reconstruction, Facial Hemiatrophy, Deformity, medicine, Humans, Canthus, Maxillofacial Development, Bone Transplantation, business.industry, Orthognathic Surgical Procedures, Age Factors, Lacrimal Apparatus, Soft tissue, Eyelids, General Medicine, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Surgery, Progressive Hemifacial Atrophy, Osteotomy, Treatment Outcome, Otorhinolaryngology, Adipose Tissue, Patient Satisfaction, Face, Photogrammetry, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

For the treatment of Parry-Romberg syndrome or progressive hemifacial atrophy, we studied 3 controversial issues: (1) optimal timing, (2) need for skeletal reconstruction, and (3) need for soft tissue (medial canthus/lacrimal duct) reconstruction. Patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome (>5 y follow-up) were divided into 2 groups: (1) younger than 14 years and (2) 14 years or older (n = 43). Sex, age, severity of deformity, number of procedures, operative times, and augmentation fat volumes were recorded. Physician and patient satisfaction surveys (5-point scale) were obtained, preoperative and postoperative three-dimensional computed tomographic scans were reviewed, and a digital three-dimensional photogrammetry system was used to determine volume retention. Our results indicate that the younger patient group required more procedures compared with the older patient group (4.3 versus 2.8); however, the younger group had higher patient/family satisfaction scores (3.8 versus 3.0). Skeletal and soft tissue reconstruction resulted in improved symmetry score (60% preoperatively to 93% final) and satisfaction scores (3.4 preoperatively to 3.8 final). Patients with Parry-Romberg syndrome required multiple corrective surgeries but showed improvements even when beginning before puberty. Soft and hard tissue reconstruction was beneficial.

Published
2012

158. Orthognathic surgery for obstructive sleep apnea: applying the principles to new horizons in craniofacial surgery

Author

Brian T. Andrews, James P. Bradley, Gregory E. Lakin, and Henry K. Kawamoto

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Chin, Cephalometry, medicine.medical_treatment, Micrognathism, Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus, Orthognathic surgery, Retrognathia, Osteotomy, Sudden death, Genioplasty, Maxilla, Medicine, Humans, Osteotomy, Le Fort, Stroke, Craniofacial surgery, Sleep Apnea, Obstructive, Bone Transplantation, business.industry, Orthognathic Surgical Procedures, General surgery, Sleep apnea, Maxillomandibular advancement, Occlusal Splints, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Surgery, Obstructive sleep apnea, Otorhinolaryngology, Pharynx, business, Mandibular Advancement, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

This article is dedicated to the senior author Dr. Henry K. Kawamoto, Jr, who pioneered the use of orthognathic surgery to treat severe obstructive sleep apnea in 1981. Since that time, his techniques for maxillomandibular advancement have been revised and expanded for improved surgical success. Obstructive sleep apnea is a growing public health concern because it can cause hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, heart attack, stroke, and, in rare circumstances, sudden death if untreated. When less invasive options fail such as weight loss or dental devices for mandibular repositioning, maxillomandibular advancement is a valuable treatment option for severe obstructive sleep apnea.

Published
2012

159. 18-gauge needle cap as adjunct to prevent kinking of endotracheal tube

Author

James P. Bradley, Henry K. Kawamoto, and Fuan Chiang Chan

Subjects
business.industry, Oral Surgical Procedures, Dentistry, General Medicine, Equipment Design, medicine.disease, Surgical Instruments, Retractor, medicine.anatomical_structure, stomatognathic system, Otorhinolaryngology, Tongue, Needles, medicine, Intubation, Intratracheal, Humans, Surgery, Equipment Failure, Foreign body, Tooth Avulsion, Airway, business, Endotracheal tube
Abstract

A self-retaining Dingman mouth retractor is widely used to keep the mouth open during cleft palate and intraoral surgery. The airway is at risk of being crushed or occluded as the gag (tongue plate) of the Dingman mouth retractor is being pushed against the endotracheal tube.Kinking of the endotracheal tube between the teeth and Dingman mouth retractor has been reported even with the oral Ring-Adair-Elwyn or flexometallic or armored endotracheal tubes. To minimize kinking of the endotracheal tube and its consequent complications, we routinely insert an 18-gauge needle cap at the potential space between the teeth and the tongue plate (gag) of the Dingman mouth retractor, which is situated lateral to the endotracheal tube. In our experience of approximately 5000 intraoral cases using a Dingman mouth retractor and 18-gauge needle cap, we have not had any tooth avulsion or aspiration of the 18-gauge foreign body while maintaining a consistent and secured airway during cleft palate and intraoral surgery.

Published
2012

160. Correction of hypertelorbitism: evaluation of relapse on long-term follow-up

Author

James P. Bradley, Cassio Raposo do Amaral, Christina J. Tabit, Derrick C. Wan, Henry K. Kawamoto, Neil Tanna, and B Levi

Subjects
Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, Long term follow up, Cephalometry, medicine.medical_treatment, Bone Screws, Osteotomy, Recurrence, Bone plate, Sphenoid Bone, medicine, Maxilla, Humans, In patient, Longitudinal Studies, Child, Nasal Septum, Retrospective Studies, Intraoperative Care, Hypertelorism, business.industry, Age Factors, Retrospective cohort study, General Medicine, Surgical correction, Craniometry, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Surgery, Ethmoid Bone, Treatment Outcome, Otorhinolaryngology, Child, Preschool, Frontal Bone, Physician satisfaction, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Bone Plates, Orbit, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background Hypertelorbitism has been associated with a variety of congenital deformities. Appropriate timing for surgical correction remains controversial. We present our long-term experience of 33 patients with hypertelorbitism undergoing facial bipartition or orbital box osteotomy. Methods Patients with hypertelorbitism treated with either facial bipartition or orbital box osteotomy and repositioning who had long-term follow-up were studied (n=33). Age at the time of first surgery, preoperative interdacryon distance, and immediate postoperative interdacryon distance were recorded. Relapse was determined on postoperative follow-up, and the need for secondary correction was noted. Physician satisfaction score (range, 0-4) was also assessed. Results Patients had a mean total follow-up of 14.0 years. With regard to age at the time of initial procedure, patients younger than 6 years were all noted to have relapse, and 83% underwent revision surgery. In patients 6 years or older, only 11% had relapse and required a second operation. Yet, satisfaction scores were similar (3.2 versus 3.5). With regard to the severity of hypertelorbitism, there was no relapse noted among patients with mild hypertelorbitism (interorbital distance [IOD], 30-34 mm). Among those with moderate hypertelorbitism (IOD, 35-40 mm), 29.4% developed relapse. By contrast, all patients with severe hypertelorbitism (IOD, >40 mm) were noted to have relapse requiring repeat correction. Satisfaction scores were similar (3.4 versus 3.3 versus 3.1). Conclusions Relapse after surgery for hypertelorbitism is related to the age of the patient at correction and the preoperative severity. When possible, surgical repositioning of the orbits should be delayed until later childhood.

Published
2012

162. High oxygen pressure synthesis of the PrBa2Cu4O8 compound

Author

Z. Guo, K. Kawamoto, Uichiro Mizutani, Nobuyoshi Yamada, Shigeru Horii, Yuh Yamada, Izumi Hirabayashi, and Yasuharu Kodama

Subjects
Superconductivity, Materials science, Magnetic moment, Annealing (metallurgy), Transition temperature, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Magnetic susceptibility, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Metal, Magnetization, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Abstract

The PrBa 2 Cu 4 O 8 compound with a trace of BaCuO 3 and PrBaO 3 was synthesized for the first time by annealing at the temperature or 957°C under 5 atm oxygen pressure. The content of the PrBaO 3 is estimated to be less than 0.2%. The superconducting transition was not detected down to 2 K. The magnitude of the resistivity and its temperature dependence are consistent with the possession of a metallic character in this compound in contrast to the semiconducting behavior reported previously for the PrBa 2 Cu 3 O 7- δ compound. The effective magnetic moment, μ eff , estimated from the Curie-Weiss fitting to the magnetic susceptibility data, turns out to be 2.67 μ B .

Published
1994
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163. Pressure effects on the electrical resistivities of (Y1−xPrx)2Ba4Cu7O15-δ with x = 0, 0.1, 0.4 and 0.6

Author

M. Otsuka, T. Yamanishi, Akiyuki Matsushita, Shigeru Horii, Izumi Hirabayashi, Yasuharu Kodama, Yuh Yamada, Takehiko Matsumoto, S. Takashima, N Yamanada, and K. Kawamoto

Subjects
Materials science, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Transition temperature, Doping, Analytical chemistry, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Superconducting transition temperature, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Normal state, Pressure dependence, Condensed Matter Physics, Pressure coefficient, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Abstract

We have investigated the pressure effects on the electrical resistivities of (Y 1− x Pr x ) 2 Ba 4 Cu 7 O 15-δ ( x = 0, 0.1 , 0.4 and 0.6) polycrystals. The superconducting transition temperature T c decreases from 78.8 K ( x = 0) to 40 K ( x = 0.6) with increasing Pr concentration. The pressure coefficient of T c at P = 0, (d T c /d P ) P = 0 is remarkably affected by the Pr concentration. It varies from + 5 K/GPa ( x = 0) to -15 K/GPa ( x = 0.6). The pressure dependence of the electrical resistivity in the normal state is also studied. We discuss the effect of Pr doping on the pressure dependence of T c .

Published
1994
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164. Inhibitory effects of dopamine on spinal synaptic transmission via dopamine D1-like receptors in neonatal rats

Author

K, Kawamoto, K, Otsuguro, M, Ishizuka, and S, Ito

Subjects
Male, Dopamine, Receptors, Dopamine D1, Dopamine Agents, Benzazepines, In Vitro Techniques, Synaptic Transmission, Research Papers, Methamphetamine, Rats, Animals, Newborn, Spinal Cord, Ganglia, Spinal, Reflex, Animals, Dopamine Antagonists, Female, Rats, Wistar
Abstract

Dopamine released from the endings of descending dopaminergic nerve fibres in the spinal cord may be involved in modulating functions such as locomotion and nociception. Here, we examined the effects of dopamine on spinal synaptic transmissions in rats.Spinal reflex potentials, monosynaptic reflex potential (MSR) and slow ventral root potential (sVRP), were measured in the isolated spinal cord of the neonatal rat. Dopamine release was measured by HPLC.Dopamine at lower concentrations (1 µM) depressed sVRP, which is a C fibre-evoked polysynaptic response and believed to reflect nociceptive transmission. At higher concentrations (1 µM), in addition to a potent sVRP depression, dopamine depolarized baseline potential and slightly depressed MSR. Depression of sVRP by dopamine was partially reversed by dopamine D(1) -like but not by D(2) -like receptor antagonists. SKF83959 and SKF81297, D(1) -like receptor agonists, and methamphetamine, an endogenous dopamine releaser, also caused the inhibition of sVRP. Methamphetamine also depressed MSR, which was inhibited by ketanserin, a 5-HT(2A/2C) receptor antagonist. Methamphetamine induced the release of dopamine and 5-HT from spinal cords, indicating that the release of endogenous dopamine and 5-HT depresses sVRP and MSR respectively.These results suggested that dopamine at lower concentrations preferentially inhibited sVRP, which is mediated via dopamine D(1) -like and other unidentified receptors. The dopamine-evoked depression is involved in modulating the spinal functions by the descending dopaminergic pathways.

Published
2011

165. Secondary correction of traumatic 'dislocation orbito-nasale' fractures

Author

Henry K. Kawamoto

Subjects
Orthodontics, Adult, Male, Bone Transplantation, Soft Tissue Injuries, Skull Fractures, business.industry, Accidents, Traffic, Nose Deformities, Acquired, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Facial Bones, Bone transplantation, Medicine, Humans, Surgery, Female, Traumatic dislocation, Orbital Fracture, business, Child, Orbital Fractures
Abstract

Dr. Tessier often stated that the correction of well-established posttraumatic deformities was one of the most difficult. Yet consistently and repeatedly, he was able to achieve magnificent results especially for fractures of the orbitonasal region. The principles that he taught are highlighted in this article.

Published
2011

166. Analysis of sex chromosomal numerical aberrations in human astrocytomas by FISH

Author

X, Liu, Y, Numa, H, Kasai, T, Tsuchida, and K, Kawamoto

Abstract

Although sex chromosomal aberrations in astrocytomas have been frequently reported by cytogeneticists, their biologic significance is still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate sex chromosomal aberrations of astrocytomas by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and to determine whether there is a relationship between these aberrations and abnormalities of chromosomes 7 and 10. The astrocytoma specimens were obtained from 14 male and 11 female patients. The centromeric probes DYZ1, DXZ1, D7Z1 and D10Z1 were used to determine the numerical changes in chromosomes Y, X, 7, and 10 by FISH. The hybridization spots were counted by fluorescence microscopy. Three cases showed chromosome X aberrations, including two cases with loss of chromosome X and one case with a complex chromosome X aberration among 11 female astrocytomas. Eight cases with loss of chromosome Y were seen among 14 male astrocytomas; one was grade II, three grade III, and four grade IV tumors. One case of disomy X was observed among male grade II tumors. Seven of the eight tumors with loss of chromosome Y had additional complex chromosome aberrations. Our results suggest that sex chromosome aberrations in malignant astrocytomas are non-random and frequent. These changes suggest an association with aberrations of chromosomes 7 and 10. These sex chromosome aberrations seem to be a part of a complex chromosome pattern of aberrations in astrocytomas. The observed abnormalities may not necessarily be a part of the neoplastic progression in malignant astrocytomas, but they may be of biologic significance.

Published
2011

168. Effect of highly lipolyzed goat cheese on HL-60 human leukemia cells: antiproliferative activity and induction of apoptotic DNA damage

Author

S. Yasuda, H. Kuwata, K. Kawamoto, J. Shirakawa, S. Atobe, Y. Hoshi, M. Yamasaki, K. Nishiyama, H. Tachibana, K. Yamada, H. Kobayashi, and K. Igoshi

Subjects
Human leukemia, Blue cheese, DNA damage, Cell Survival, Lipolysis, Blotting, Western, Antineoplastic Agents, Apoptosis, HL-60 Cells, Biology, Fatty Acids, Nonesterified, chemistry.chemical_compound, food, Cheese, Genetics, Animals, Humans, Food science, food.cheese, Triglycerides, Cell Proliferation, Cell Nucleus, Leukemia, Cell growth, Goats, chemistry, Biochemistry, Nucleic acid, DNA fragmentation, Animal Science and Zoology, Growth inhibition, Food Science, DNA Damage
Abstract

To establish cheese as a dairy product with health benefits, we embarked on examining the multifunctional role of cheeses, especially in the field of cancer prevention. The current study was designed to investigate whether different types of commercial goat cheeses may possess antiproliferative activity, using an HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cell line as a cancer cell model. Among 11 cheese extracts tested at 500μg/mL, 6 (Crottin de Chavignol, Pouligny Saint-Pierre, Chabichou du Poitou, Valencay, Kavli, and Sainte-Maure de Touraine) resulted in a significant decrease of cell viability, which is consistent with a decrease in viable cell number. Compared with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) value of individual cheeses in cellular proliferation assays, the Pouligny Saint-Pierre extract showed strong inhibition. Incubation of cells in the presence of Pouligny Saint-Pierre extract resulted in induction of cellular morphological changes and apoptotic DNA fragmentation as well as expression of the active form of caspase-3 protein. Based on the quantification of the ratio of free fatty acids to triglycerides in different cheese samples, a significant correlation was detected between lipolytic ripeness and IC(50) values for antiproliferative capacity tested in HL-60 cells. Collectively, these results support a potential role of highly lipolyzed goat cheeses in the prevention of leukemic cell proliferation.

Published
2011

169. Salvage of the crucified chin

Author

Adam Perry, Michael T. Longaker, Derrick C. Wan, Karam A. Allam, and Henry K. Kawamoto

Subjects
Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, Chin, Bone Transplantation, business.industry, General surgery, MEDLINE, Prostheses and Implants, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures, medicine.anatomical_structure, Bone transplantation, medicine, Humans, Surgery, Female, business
Published
2011

170. The initial stages of deposition of Au and Ag on Cu(001) studied by low-energy ion scattering

Author

K. Kawamoto, K. Umezawa, and S. Nakanizhi

Subjects
Materials science, Chemistry, Scattering, Diffusion, Analytical chemistry, Surfaces and Interfaces, Substrate (electronics), Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Ion, Overlayer, Metal, Crystallography, Low-energy ion scattering, visual_art, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Materials Chemistry, Deposition (chemistry), Layer (electronics), Deposition (law)
Abstract

Using impact collision ion scattering spectroscopy, we have studied the initial stage of the deposition of Au and Ag onto the Cu(001) surface. Our analysis provides evidence for surface alloying by the substitution of Cu with Au atoms in the surface, even at very low coverages at room temperature. However, the diffusion of Au atoms into the Cu substrate was not observed at coverages below 0.25 ML. The growth of an hexagonal c(2 × 14)-Au layer on top of the first c(2 × 2) structure was found to promote the diffusion of Au atoms into the Cu substrate, destroying the ordered arrangement of the c(2 × 2) structure. Ag was confirmed to form a simple overlayer up to 1 ML without any diffusion of Ag atoms into the substrate. The growth mode of the Ag deposition was identified to be of the Stranski-Krastanov type.

Published
1993
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171. Treatment of apert syndrome: a long-term follow-up study

Author

Adam Perry, Derrick C. Wan, James P. Bradley, Karam A. Allam, Krit Khwanngern, Henry K. Kawamoto, and Neil Tanna

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, medicine.medical_treatment, Apert syndrome, Osteotomy, Facial Bones, Young Adult, Postoperative Complications, Quality of life, medicine, Humans, Young adult, business.industry, Skull, Dysostosis, Retrospective cohort study, Acrocephalosyndactylia, Plastic Surgery Procedures, medicine.disease, Surgery, Malocclusion, Angle Class III, Quality of Life, Female, business, Psychosocial, Facial symmetry, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Background: Patients with Apert syndrome have severe malformations of the skull and face requiring multiple complex reconstructive procedures. The authors present a long-term follow-up study reporting both surgical results and psychosocial status of patients with Apert syndrome. Methods: A retrospective study was performed identifying patients with Apert syndrome treated between 1975 and 2009. All surgical procedures were recorded and a review of psychosocial and educational status was obtained when patients reached adulthood. Results: A total of 31 patients with Apert syndrome were identified; nine with long-term follow-up had complete records for evaluation. The average patient age was 30.4 years. Primary procedures performed included strip craniectomy and fronto-orbital advancement. Monobloc osteotomy and facial bipartition were performed in eight patients, and all underwent surgical orthognathic correction. Multiple auxiliary procedures were also performed to achieve better facial symmetry. Mean follow-up after frontofacial advancement was 22.5 years. Psychosocial evaluation demonstrated good integration of patients into mainstream life. Conclusions: This report presents one of the longest available follow-up studies for surgical correction of patients with Apert syndrome. Although multiple reconstructive procedures were necessary, they play an important role in enhancing the psychosocial condition of the patients, helping them integrate into mainstream life.

Published
2010

172. Ocular manifestations of oblique facial clefts

Author

Maria Carolina Ortube, Yoshio Setoguchi, Katrina M. Dipple, Henry K. Kawamoto, and Joseph L. Demer

Subjects
Male, Craniofacial abnormality, Article, Craniofacial Abnormalities, X ray computed, Medicine, Humans, Abnormalities, Multiple, Eye Abnormalities, Craniofacial, Dermoid Cyst, Bony tissue, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, Alopecia, General Medicine, Anatomy, medicine.disease, Eye abnormality, Arachnoid Cysts, Cleft Palate, Strabismus, Otorhinolaryngology, Dermoid cyst, Oblique facial clefts, Maxilla, Surgery, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Abstract

In the Tessier classification, craniofacial clefts are numbered from 0 to 14 and extend along constant axes through the eyebrows, eyelids, maxilla, nostrils, and the lips. We studied a patient with bilateral cleft 10 associated with ocular abnormalities.Clinical report with orbital and cranial computed tomography.After pregnancy complicated by oligohydramnios, digoxin, and lisinopril exposure, a boy was born with facial and ocular dysmorphism. Examination at age 26 months showed bilateral epibulbar dermoids, covering half the corneal surface, and unilateral morning glory anomaly of the optic nerve. Ductions of the right eye were normal, but the left eye had severely impaired ductions in all directions, left hypotropia, and esotropia. Under anesthesia, the left eye could not be rotated freely in any direction. Bilateral Tessier cleft number 10 was implicated by the presence of colobomata of the middle third of the upper eyelids and eyebrows. As the cleft continued into the hairline, there was marked anterior scalp alopecia. Computed x-ray tomography showed a left middle cranial fossa arachnoid cyst and calcification of the reflected tendon of the superior oblique muscle, trochlea, and underlying sclera, with downward and lateral globe displacement.Tessier 10 clefts are very rare and usually associated with encephalocele. Bilateral 10 clefts have not been reported previously. In this case, there was coexisting unilateral morning glory anomaly and arachnoid cyst of the left middle cranial fossa but no encephalocele.Bilateral Tessier facial cleft 10 may be associated with alopecia, morning glory anomaly, epibulbar dermoids, arachnoid cyst, and restrictive strabismus.

Published
2010

174. The ATLAS Inner Detector commissioning and calibration

Author

The ATLAS Collaboration Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdelalim, A.A. Abdesselam, A. Abdinov, O. Abi, B. Abolins, M. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Acharya, B.S. Adams, D.L. Addy, T.N. Adelman, J. Adorisio, C. Adragna, P. Adye, T. Aefsky, S. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Aharrouche, M. Ahlen, S.P. Ahles, F. Ahmad, A. Ahsan, M. Aielli, G. Akdogan, T. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimoto, G. Akimov, A.V. Aktas, A. Alam, M.S. Alam, M.A. Albrand, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexandre, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Aliyev, M. Allport, P.P. Allwood-Spiers, S.E. Almond, J. Aloisio, A. Alon, R. Alonso, A. Alviggi, M.G. Amako, K. Amelung, C. Amorim, A. Amorós, G. Amram, N. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, C.F. Anderson, K.J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anduaga, X.S. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anjos, N. Annovi, A. Antonaki, A. Antonelli, M. Antonelli, S. Antos, J. Antunovic, B. Anulli, F. Aoun, S. Arabidze, G. Aracena, I. Arai, Y. Arce, A.T.H. Archambault, J.P. Arfaoui, S. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, T. Arik, M. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnault, C. Artamonov, A. Arutinov, D. Asai, M. Asai, S. Asfandiyarov, R. Ask, S. Åsman, B. Asner, D. Asquith, L. Assamagan, K. Astvatsatourov, A. Atoian, G. Auerbach, B. Augsten, K. Aurousseau, M. Austin, N. Avolio, G. Avramidou, R. Ay, C. Azuelos, G. Azuma, Y. Baak, M.A. Bach, A.M. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Badescu, E. Bagnaia, P. Bai, Y. Bain, T. Baines, J.T. Baker, O.K. Baker, M.D. Baker, S. Dos Pedrosa, F.B.S. Banas, E. Banerjee, P. Banerjee, S. Banfi, D. Bangert, A. Bansal, V. Baranov, S.P. Barashkou, A. Barber, T. Barberio, E.L. Barberis, D. Barbero, M. Bardin, D.Y. Barillari, T. Barisonzi, M. Barklow, T. Barlow, N. Barnett, B.M. Barnett, R.M. Baroncelli, A. Barr, A.J. Barreiro, F. Guimarães da Costa, J.B. Barrillon, P. Bartoldus, R. Bartsch, D. Bates, R.L. Batkova, L. Batley, J.R. Battaglia, A. Battistin, M. Bauer, F. Bawa, H.S. Bazalova, M. Beare, B. Beau, T. Beauchemin, P.H. Beccherle, R. Bechtle, P. Beck, G.A. Beck, H.P. Beckingham, M. Becks, K.H. Beddall, A.J. Beddall, A. Bednyakov, V.A. Bee, C. Begel, M. Harpaz, S.B. Behera, P.K. Beimforde, M. Belanger-Champagne, C. Bell, P.J. Bell, W.H. Bella, G. Bellagamba, L. Bellina, F. Bellomo, M. Belloni, A. Belotskiy, K. Beltramello, O. Ami, S.B. Benary, O. Benchekroun, D. Bendel, M. Benedict, B.H. Benekos, N. Benhammou, Y. Benjamin, D.P. Benoit, M. Bensinger, J.R. Benslama, K. Bentvelsen, S. Beretta, M. Berge, D. Kuutmann, E.B. Berger, N. Berghaus, F. Berglund, E. Beringer, J. Bernabéu, J. Bernat, P. Bernhard, R. Bernius, C. Berry, T. Bertin, A. Besana, M.I. Besson, N. Bethke, S. Bianchi, R.M. Bianco, M. Biebel, O. Biesiada, J. Biglietti, M. Bilokon, H. Bindi, M. Bingul, A. Bini, C. Biscarat, C. Bitenc, U. Black, K.M. Blair, R.E. Blanchard, J.-B. Blanchot, G. Blocker, C. Blondel, A. Blum, W. Blumenschein, U. Bobbink, G.J. Bocci, A. Boehler, M. Boek, J. Boelaert, N. Böser, S. Bogaerts, J.A. Bogouch, A. Bohm, C. Bohm, J. Boisvert, V. Bold, T. Boldea, V. Bondarenko, V.G. Bondioli, M. Boonekamp, M. Bordoni, S. Borer, C. Borisov, A. Borissov, G. Borjanovic, I. Borroni, S. Bos, K. Boscherini, D. Bosman, M. Boterenbrood, H. Bouchami, J. Boudreau, J. Bouhova-Thacker, E.V. Boulahouache, C. Bourdarios, C. Boveia, A. Boyd, J. Boyko, I.R. Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I. Bracinik, J. Braem, A. Branchini, P. Brandt, A. Brandt, G. Brandt, O. Bratzler, U. Brau, B. Brau, J.E. Braun, H.M. Brelier, B. Bremer, J. Brenner, R. Bressler, S. Britton, D. Brochu, F.M. Brock, I. Brock, R. Brodet, E. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooks, W.K. Brown, G. Bruckman de Renstrom, P.A. Bruncko, D. Bruneliere, R. Brunet, S. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Bruschi, M. Bucci, F. Buchanan, J. Buchholz, P. Buckley, A.G. Budagov, I.A. Budick, B. Büscher, V. Bugge, L. Bulekov, O. Bunse, M. Buran, T. Burckhart, H. Burdin, S. Burgess, T. Burke, S. Busato, E. Bussey, P. Buszello, C.P. Butin, F. Butler, B. Butler, J.M. Buttar, C.M. Butterworth, J.M. Byatt, T. Caballero, J. Cabrera Urbán, S. Caforio, D. Cakir, O. Calafiura, P. Calderini, G. Calfayan, P. Calkins, R. Caloba, L.P. Calvet, D. Camarri, P. Cameron, D. Campana, S. Campanelli, M. Canale, V. Canelli, F. Canepa, A. Cantero, J. Capasso, L. Garrido, M.D.M.C. Caprini, I. Caprini, M. Capua, M. Caputo, R. Caramarcu, C. Cardarelli, R. Carli, T. Carlino, G. Carminati, L. Caron, B. Caron, S. Montoya, G.D.C. Montero, S.C. Carter, A.A. Carter, J.R. Carvalho, J. Casadei, D. Casado, M.P. Cascella, M. Castaneda Hernandez, A.M. Castaneda-Miranda, E. Gimenez, V.C. Castro, N.F. Cataldi, G. Catinaccio, A. Catmore, J.R. Cattai, A. Cattani, G. Caughron, S. Cavalleri, P. Cavalli, D. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Cavasinni, V. Ceradini, F. Cerqueira, A.S. Cerri, A. Cerrito, L. Cerutti, F. Cetin, S.A. Chafaq, A. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. Chapman, J.D. Chapman, J.W. Chareyre, E. Charlton, D.G. Chavda, V. Cheatham, S. Chekanov, S. Chekulaev, S.V. Chelkov, G.A. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, X. Cheplakov, A. Chepurnov, V.F. Cherkaoui El Moursli, R. Tcherniatine, V. Chesneanu, D. Cheu, E. Cheung, S.L. Chevalier, L. Chevallier, F. Chiefari, G. Chikovani, L. Childers, J.T. Chilingarov, A. Chiodini, G. Chizhov, V. Choudalakis, G. Chouridou, S. Christidi, I.A. Christov, A. Chromek-Burckhart, D. Chu, M.L. Chudoba, J. Ciapetti, G. Ciftci, A.K. Ciftci, R. Cinca, D. Cindro, V. Ciobotaru, M.D. Ciocca, C. Ciocio, A. Cirilli, M. Clark, A. Clark, P.J. Cleland, W. Clemens, J.C. Clement, B. Clement, C. Coadou, Y. Cobal, M. Coccaro, A. Cochran, J. Coggeshall, J. Cogneras, E. Colijn, A.P. Collard, C. Collins, N.J. Collins-Tooth, C. Collot, J. Colon, G. Conde Muiño, P. Coniavitis, E. Conidi, M.C. Consonni, M. Constantinescu, S. Conta, C. Conventi, F. Cooke, M. Cooper, B.D. Cooper-Sarkar, A.M. Cooper-Smith, N.J. Copic, K. Cornelissen, T. Corradi, M. Corriveau, F. Corso-Radu, A. Cortes-Gonzalez, A. Cortiana, G. Costa, G. Costa, M.J. Costanzo, D. Costin, T. Côté, D. Torres, R.C. Courneyea, L. Cowan, G. Cowden, C. Cox, B.E. Cranmer, K. Cranshaw, J. Cristinziani, M. Crosetti, G. Crupi, R. Crépé-Renaudin, S. Almenar, C.C. Donszelmann, T.C. Curatolo, M. Curtis, C.J. Cwetanski, P. Czyczula, Z. D'Auria, S. D'Onofrio, M. D'Orazio, A. Da Via, C. Dabrowski, W. Dai, T. Dallapiccola, C. Dallison, S.J. Daly, C.H. Dam, M. Danielsson, H.O. Dannheim, D. Dao, V. Darbo, G. Darlea, G.L. Davey, W. Davidek, T. Davidson, N. Davidson, R. Davies, M. Davison, A.R. Dawson, I. Daya, R.K. De, K. de Asmundis, R. De Castro, S. De Faria Salgado, P.E.C. De Cecco, S. de Graat, J. De Groot, N. de Jong, P. De Mora, L. De Branco, M.O. De Pedis, D. De Salvo, A. De Sanctis, U. De Santo, A. De Vivie De Regie, J.B. Dean, S. Dedovich, D.V. Degenhardt, J. Dehchar, M. Del Papa, C. Del Peso, J. Del Prete, T. Dell'Acqua, A. Dell'Asta, L. Della Pietra, M. della Volpe, D. Delmastro, M. Delsart, P.A. Deluca, C. Demers, S. Demichev, M. Demirkoz, B. Deng, J. Deng, W. Denisov, S.P. Derkaoui, J.E. Derue, F. Dervan, P. Desch, K. Deviveiros, P.O. Dewhurst, A. DeWilde, B. Dhaliwal, S. Dhullipudi, R. Di Ciaccio, A. Di Ciaccio, L. Di Girolamo, A. Di Girolamo, B. Di Luise, S. Di Mattia, A. Di Nardo, R. Di Simone, A. Di Sipio, R. Diaz, M.A. Diblen, F. Diehl, E.B. Dietrich, J. Dietzsch, T.A. Diglio, S. Yagci, K.D. Dingfelder, J. Dionisi, C. Dita, P. Dita, S. Dittus, F. Djama, F. Djilkibaev, R. Djobava, T. do Vale, M.A.B. Do Wemans, A.V. Doan, T.K.O. Dobos, D. Dobson, E. Dobson, M. Doglioni, C. Doherty, T. Dolejsi, J. Dolenc, I. Dolezal, Z. Dolgoshein, B.A. Dohmae, T. Donega, M. Donini, J. Dopke, J. Doria, A. Dos Anjos, A. Dotti, A. Dova, M.T. Doxiadis, A. Doyle, A.T. Drasal, Z. Dris, M. Dubbert, J. Duchovni, E. Duckeck, G. Dudarev, A. Dudziak, F. Dührssen, M. Duflot, L. Dufour, M.-A. Dunford, M. Yildiz, H.D. Duxfield, R. Dwuznik, M. Düren, M. Ebenstein, W.L. Ebke, J. Eckweiler, S. Edmonds, K. Edwards, C.A. Egorov, K. Ehrenfeld, W. Ehrich, T. Eifert, T. Eigen, G. Einsweiler, K. Eisenhandler, E. Ekelof, T. El Kacimi, M. Ellert, M. Elles, S. Ellinghaus, F. Ellis, K. Ellis, N. Elmsheuser, J. Elsing, M. Emeliyanov, D. Engelmann, R. Engl, A. Epp, B. Eppig, A. Erdmann, J. Ereditato, A. Eriksson, D. Ermoline, I. Ernst, J. Ernst, M. Ernwein, J. Errede, D. Errede, S. Ertel, E. Escalier, M. Escobar, C. Curull, X.E. Esposito, B. Etienvre, A.I. Etzion, E. Evans, H. Fabbri, L. Fabre, C. Facius, K. Fakhrutdinov, R.M. Falciano, S. Fang, Y. Fanti, M. Farbin, A. Farilla, A. Farley, J. Farooque, T. Farrington, S.M. Farthouat, P. Fassnacht, P. Fassouliotis, D. Fatholahzadeh, B. Fayard, L. Fayette, F. Febbraro, R. Federic, P. Fedin, O.L. Fedorko, W. Feligioni, L. Felzmann, C.U. Feng, C. Feng, E.J. Fenyuk, A.B. Ferencei, J. Ferland, J. Fernandes, B. Fernando, W. Ferrag, S. Ferrando, J. Ferrara, V. Ferrari, A. Ferrari, P. Ferrari, R. Ferrer, A. Ferrer, M.L. Ferrere, D. Ferretti, C. Fiascaris, M. Fiedler, F. Filipčič, A. Filippas, A. Filthaut, F. Fincke-Keeler, M. Fiolhais, M.C.N. Fiorini, L. Firan, A. Fischer, G. Fisher, M.J. Flechl, M. Fleck, I. Fleckner, J. Fleischmann, P. Fleischmann, S. Flick, T. Castillo, L.R.F. Flowerdew, M.J. Martin, T.F. Formica, A. Forti, A. Fortin, D. Fournier, D. Fowler, A.J. Fowler, K. Fox, H. Francavilla, P. Franchino, S. Francis, D. Franklin, M. Franz, S. Fraternali, M. Fratina, S. Freestone, J. French, S.T. Froeschl, R. Froidevaux, D. Frost, J.A. Fukunaga, C. Torregrosa, E.F. Fuster, J. Gabaldon, C. Gabizon, O. Gadfort, T. Gadomski, S. Gagliardi, G. Gagnon, P. Galea, C. Gallas, E.J. Gallo, V. Gallop, B.J. Gallus, P. Galyaev, E. Gan, K.K. Gao, Y.S. Gaponenko, A. Garcia-Sciveres, M. García, C. Navarro, J.E.G. Gardner, R.W. Garelli, N. Garitaonandia, H. Garonne, V. Gatti, C. Gaudio, G. Gautard, V. Gauzzi, P. Gavrilenko, I.L. Gay, C. Gaycken, G. Gazis, E.N. Ge, P. Gee, C.N.P. Geich-Gimbel, C. Gellerstedt, K. Gemme, C. Genest, M.H. Gentile, S. Georgatos, F. George, S. Gershon, A. Ghazlane, H. Ghodbane, N. Giacobbe, B. Giagu, S. Giakoumopoulou, V. Giangiobbe, V. Gianotti, F. Gibbard, B. Gibson, A. Gibson, S.M. Gilbert, L.M. Gilchriese, M. Gilewsky, V. Gingrich, D.M. Ginzburg, J. Giokaris, N. Giordani, M.P. Giordano, R. Giorgi, F.M. Giovannini, P. Giraud, P.F. Girtler, P. Giugni, D. Giusti, P. Gjelsten, B.K. Gladilin, L.K. Glasman, C. Glazov, A. Glitza, K.W. Glonti, G.L. Godfrey, J. Godlewski, J. Goebel, M. Göpfert, T. Goeringer, C. Gössling, C. Göttfert, T. Goggi, V. Goldfarb, S. Goldin, D. Golling, T. Gomes, A. Fajardo, L.S.G. Gonçalo, R. Gonella, L. Gong, C. González de la Hoz, S. Silva, M.L.G. Gonzalez-Sevilla, S. Goodson, J.J. Goossens, L. Gordon, H.A. Gorelov, I. Gorfine, G. Gorini, B. Gorini, E. Gorišek, A. Gornicki, E. Gosdzik, B. Gosselink, M. Gostkin, M.I. Eschrich, I.G. Gouighri, M. Goujdami, D. Goulette, M.P. Goussiou, A.G. Goy, C. Grabowska-Bold, I. Grafström, P. Grahn, K.-J. Grancagnolo, S. Grassi, V. Gratchev, V. Grau, N. Gray, H.M. Gray, J.A. Graziani, E. Green, B. Greenshaw, T. Greenwood, Z.D. Gregor, I.M. Grenier, P. Griesmayer, E. Griffiths, J. Grigalashvili, N. Grillo, A.A. Grimm, K. Grinstein, S. Grishkevich, Y.V. Groh, M. Groll, M. Gross, E. Grosse-Knetter, J. Groth-Jensen, J. Grybel, K. Guicheney, C. Guida, A. Guillemin, T. Guler, H. Gunther, J. Guo, B. Gusakov, Y. Gutierrez, A. Gutierrez, P. Guttman, N. Gutzwiller, O. Guyot, C. Gwenlan, C. Gwilliam, C.B. Haas, A. Haas, S. Haber, C. Hadavand, H.K. Hadley, D.R. Haefner, P. Hajduk, Z. Hakobyan, H. Haller, J. Hamacher, K. Hamilton, A. Hamilton, S. Han, L. Hanagaki, K. Hance, M. Handel, C. Hanke, P. Hansen, J.R. Hansen, J.B. Hansen, J.D. Hansen, P.H. Hansl-Kozanecka, T. Hansson, P. Hara, K. Hare, G.A. Harenberg, T. Harrington, R.D. Harris, O.M. Harrison, K. Hartert, J. Hartjes, F. Harvey, A. Hasegawa, S. Hasegawa, Y. Hassani, S. Haug, S. Hauschild, M. Hauser, R. Havranek, M. Hawkes, C.M. Hawkings, R.J. Hayakawa, T. Hayward, H.S. Haywood, S.J. Head, S.J. Hedberg, V. Heelan, L. Heim, S. Heinemann, B. Heisterkamp, S. Helary, L. Heller, M. Hellman, S. Helsens, C. Hemperek, T. Henderson, R.C.W. Henke, M. Henrichs, A. Correia, A.M.H. Henrot-Versille, S. Hensel, C. Henß, T. Jiménez, Y.H. Hershenhorn, A.D. Herten, G. Hertenberger, R. Hervas, L. Hessey, N.P. Higón-Rodriguez, E. Hill, J.C. Hiller, K.H. Hillert, S. Hillier, S.J. Hinchliffe, I. Hines, E. Hirose, M. Hirsch, F. Hirschbuehl, D. Hobbs, J. Hod, N. Hodgkinson, M.C. Hodgson, P. Hoecker, A. Hoeferkamp, M.R. Hoffman, J. Hoffmann, D. Hohlfeld, M. Holy, T. Holzbauer, J.L. Homma, Y. Horazdovsky, T. Hori, T. Horn, C. Horner, S. Horvat, S. Hostachy, J.-Y. Hou, S. Hoummada, A. Howe, T. Hrivnac, J. Hryn'ova, T. Hsu, P.J. Hsu, S.-C. Huang, G.S. Hubacek, Z. Hubaut, F. Huegging, F. Huffman, T.B. Hughes, E.W. Hughes, G. Hurwitz, M. Husemann, U. Huseynov, N. Huston, J. Huth, J. Iacobucci, G. Iakovidis, G. Ibragimov, I. Iconomidou-Fayard, L. Idarraga, J. Iengo, P. Igonkina, O. Ikegami, Y. Ikeno, M. Ilchenko, Y. Iliadis, D. Ince, T. Ioannou, P. Iodice, M. Quiles, A.I. 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Vellidis, C. Veloso, F. Veneziano, S. Ventura, A. Ventura, D. Venturi, M. Venturi, N. Vercesi, V. Verducci, M. Verkerke, W. Vermeulen, J.C. Vetterli, M.C. Vichou, I. Vickey, T. Viehhauser, G.H.A. Villa, M. Villani, E.G. Perez, M.V. Vilucchi, E. Vincter, M.G. Vinek, E. Vinogradov, V.B. Viret, S. Virzi, J. Vitale, A. Vitells, O. Vivarelli, I. Vaque, F.V. Vlachos, S. Vlasak, M. Vlasov, N. Vogel, A. Vokac, P. Volpi, M. von der Schmitt, H. von Loeben, J. von Radziewski, H. von Toerne, E. Vorobel, V. Vorwerk, V. Vos, M. Voss, R. Voss, T.T. Vossebeld, J.H. Vranjes, N. Milosavljevic, M.V. Vrba, V. Vreeswijk, M. Anh, T.V. Vudragovic, D. Vuillermet, R. Vukotic, I. Wagner, P. Walbersloh, J. Walder, J. Walker, R. Walkowiak, W. Wall, R. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, S.M. Warburton, A. Ward, C.P. Warsinsky, M. Wastie, R. Watkins, P.M. Watson, A.T. Watson, M.F. Watts, G. Watts, S. Waugh, A.T. Waugh, B.M. Weber, M.D. Weber, M. Weber, M.S. Weber, P. Weidberg, A.R. Weingarten, J. Weiser, C. 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Zaitsev, A.M. Zajacova, Z. Zambrano, V. Zanello, L. Zaytsev, A. Zeitnitz, C. Zeller, M. Zemla, A. Zendler, C. Zenin, O. Zenis, T. Zenonos, Z. Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G.Z. Zhan, Z. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, X. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C.G. Zhu, H. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Živković, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. zur Nedden, M. Zutshi, V.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The ATLAS Inner Detector is a composite tracking system consisting of silicon pixels, silicon strips and straw tubes in a 2 T magnetic field. Its installation was completed in August 2008 and the detector took part in data-taking with single LHC beams and cosmic rays. The initial detector operation, hardware commissioning and in-situ calibrations are described. Tracking performance has been measured with 7. 6 million cosmic-ray events, collected using a tracking trigger and reconstructed with modular pattern-recognition and fitting software. The intrinsic hit efficiency and tracking trigger efficiencies are close to 100%. Lorentz angle measurements for both electrons and holes, specific energy-loss calibration and transition radiation turn-on measurements have been performed. Different alignment techniques have been used to reconstruct the detector geometry. After the initial alignment, a transverse impact parameter resolution of 22. 1±0. 9 μm and a relative momentum resolution σp/p=(4. 83±0. 16)×10-4 GeV-1×pT have been measured for high momentum tracks. © 2010 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration.

Published
2010

175. Contributors

Author

Ghada Y. Afifi, Edward Akelman, Louis C. Argenta, Eric Arnaud, Duffield Ashmead, Sherrell J. Aston, Kodi K. Azari, Daniel J. Azurin, Russell Babbitt, Stephen B. Baker, Nabil A. Barakat, Raymond L. Barnhill, David T. Barrall, Scott P. Bartlett, Bruce S. Bauer, Erik M. Bauer, Stephen P. Beals, Michael L. Bentz, Samuel J. Beran, Richard A. Berger, Nada Berry, Walter L. Biffl, Kirby I. Bland, Loren J. Borud, Vincent Boyd, Lynn Breglio, David J. Bryan, Steven R. Buchman, Harry J. Buncke, Rudolf Buntic, Renee Burke, Richard I. Burton, Anthony A. Caldamone, Ryan P. Calfee, Chris A. Campbell, Lois Carlson, Stephanie A. Caterson, Christi M. Cavaliere, Eric I-Yun Chang, Joyce C. Chen, Ben J. Childers, Gloria A. Chin, Simon H. Chin, Niki A. Christopoulos, William G. Cioffi, Brian S. Coan, Marilyn A. Cohen, Mimis Cohen, Stephen Daane, David J. David, Jorge I. de la Torre, Anthony J. DeFranzo, A. Lee Dellon, Jaimie DeRosa, Christine A. DiEdwardo, Joseph J. Disa, Sean T. Doherty, Rudolph F. Dolezal, Raymond G. Dufresne, Christian Dumontier, Raymond M. Dunn, Lee E. Edstrom, W.G. Eshbaugh, Gregory R.D. Evans, Jeffrey A. Fearon, Alvaro A. Figueroa, Jack Fisher, R. Jobe Fix, James W. Fletcher, Robert S. Flowers, Christopher R. Forrest, M. Brandon Freeman, Jack A. Friedland, Karen E. Frye, Brian R. Gastman, Louis A. Gilula, Mark H. Gonzales, James T. Goodrich, Vijay S. Gorantla, Mark Gorney, Mark S. Granick, Arin K. Greene, Joshua A. Greenwald, Joseph S. Gruss, Punita Gupta, Geoffrey C. Gurtner, Mark N. Halikis, Geoffrey G. Hallock, Eric G. Halvorson, Dennis C. Hammond, Rebecca J.B. Hammond, Albert R. Harris, Raymond J. Harshbarger, Robert J. Havlik, Tad R. Heinz, Vincent R. Hentz, Rosemary Hickey, Larry Hollier, Roy W. Hong, Erik A. Hoy, Andrew Hsu, Jennifer Hunter-Yates, Ian T. Jackson, Lisa M. Jacob, Sonu A. Jain, Raymond V. Janevicius, Shao Jiang, Jesse B. Jupiter, Lana Kang, Girish B. Kapur, Joseph Karamikian, Henry K. Kawamoto, Carolyn L. Kerrigan, Christopher Khorsandi, Dana K. Khuthaila, David C. Kim, Jon Kline, Cynthia L. Koudela, Thomas J. Krizek, Matthew D. Kwan, Albert Lam, Howard N. Langstein, Don LaRossa, Donald R. Laub, Jonathan L. Le, Raphael C. Lee, W.P. Andrew Lee, Dennis E. Lenhart, L. Scott Levin, David M. Lichtman, James Lilley, Kant Y. Lin, John William Little, Michael T. Longaker, Matthew S. Loos, Joseph E. Losee, Arnold Luterman, Sheilah A. Lynch, Susan E. Mackinnon, Terry R. Maffi, Eric J. Mahoney, Ahmed Seif Makki, Jeffrey V. Manchio, Ernest K. Manders, Mahesh H. Mankani, Paul N. Manson, Daniel Marchac, Malcolm W. Marks, William J. Martin, Paul A. Martineau, Stephen J. Mathes, G. Patrick Maxwell, Joseph G. McCarthy, William T. McClellan, Michael P. McConnell, Robert M. McFarlane, Mary H. McGrath, Leslie T. McQuiston, Vineet Mehan, Anjali R. Mehta, Julie A. Melchior, Robert M. Menard, Frederick Menick, Martin C. Mihm, D. Ralph Millard, Fernando Molina, Fernando Ortiz Monasterio, Louis Morales, Robert J. Morin, Chaitanya S. Mudgal, John B. Mulliken, Thomas A. Mustoe, Jeffrey N. Myers, Maurice Y. Nahabedian, Michael W. Neumeister, Mary Lynn Newport, Zahid Niazi, Sacha Obaid, Suzanne Olbricht, Osak Omulepu, Sonal Pandya, Marcello Pantaloni, Frank A. Papay, Robert J. Paresi, Amar Patel, Jagruti C. Patel, Wilfred C.G. Peh, Jane A. Petro, John W. Polley, Samuel O. Poore, Julian J. Pribaz, Somayaji Ramamurthy, Sai S. Ramasastry, David L. Ramirez, Oscar M. Ramirez, Peter Randall, Peter D. Ray, W. Bradford Rockwell, Craig M. Rodner, Alan Rosen, Harvey Rosen, Douglas C. Ross, Shai Rozen, Leonard K. Ruby, Jaiyoung Ryu, Justin M. Sacks, Jhonny Salomon, Kenneth E. Salyer, Sven N. Sandeen, Shawkat Sati, Stefan Schneeberger, David P. Schnur, Paul L. Schnur, Richard C. Schultz, David M. Schwartzenfeld, Karl A. Schwarz, Brooke R. Seckel, John T. Seki, Alex Senchenkov, Mark Shashikant, Dan H. Shell, Saleh M. Shenaq, Michele A. Shermak, Prasanna-Kumar Shivapuja, Maria Siemionow, Davinder J. Singh, Sumner A. Slavin, Eugene M. Smith, Erhan Sonmez, Nicholas J. Speziale, Melvin Spira, John L. Spolyar, David A. Staffenberg, Samuel Stal, Eric J. Stelnicki, Mitchell A. Stotland, James W. Strickland, Brent V. Stromberg, Patrick K. Sullivan, Matthew R. Swelstad, Julio Taleisnik, Peter J. Taub, Oren M. Tepper, Julia K. Terzis, Dean M. Toriumi, Bryant A. Toth, Thomas Trumble, Raymond Tse, Raoul Tubiana, Joseph Upton, Luis O. Vásconez, Nicholas B. Vedder, Adam J. Vernadakis, Armand D. Versaci, William F. Wagner, Jennifer L. Walden, Derrick C. Wan, Stephen M. Warren, H. Kirk Watson, Renata V. Weber, Andrew J. Weiland, Adam B. Weinfeld, Jeffrey Weinzweig, Norman Weinzweig, Arnold-Peter C. Weiss, Linton A. Whitaker, Deborah J. White, Lisa Ann Whitty, S. Anthony Wolfe, Ronit Wollstein, Albert S. Woo, R. Christie Wray, Michael J. Yaremchuk, Soheil S. Younai, Jack C. Yu, Eser Yuksel, Alarick Yung, Priya S. Zeikus, and Richard J. Zienowicz

Published
2010
Full Text
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177. Commissioning of the ATLAS Muon Spectrometer with cosmic rays

Author

The ATLAS Collaboration Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdelalim, A.A. Abdesselam, A. Abdinov, O. Abi, B. Abolins, M. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Acharya, B.S. Adams, D.L. Addy, T.N. Adelman, J. Adorisio, C. Adragna, P. Adye, T. Aefsky, S. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Aharrouche, M. Ahlen, S.P. Ahles, F. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, H. Ahsan, M. Aielli, G. Akdogan, T. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimoto, G. Akimov, A.V. Aktas, A. Alam, M.S. Alam, M.A. Albrand, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexandre, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Aliyev, M. Allport, P.P. Allwood-Spiers, S.E. Almond, J. Aloisio, A. Alon, R. Alonso, A. Alviggi, M.G. Amako, K. Amelung, C. Amorim, A. Amorós, G. Amram, N. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, C.F. Anderson, K.J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anduaga, X.S. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anjos, N. Annovi, A. Antonaki, A. Antonelli, M. Antonelli, S. Antos, J. Antunovic, B. Anulli, F. Aoun, S. Arabidze, G. Aracena, I. Arai, Y. Arce, A.T.H. Archambault, J.P. Arfaoui, S. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, T. Arik, M. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnault, C. Artamonov, A. Arutinov, D. Asai, M. Asai, S. Asfandiyarov, R. Ask, S. Åsman, B. Asner, D. Asquith, L. Assamagan, K. Astbury, A. Astvatsatourov, A. Atoian, G. Auerbach, B. Augsten, K. Aurousseau, M. Austin, N. Avolio, G. Avramidou, R. Axen, D. Ay, C. Azuelos, G. Azuma, Y. Baak, M.A. Bach, A.M. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Badescu, E. Bagnaia, P. Bai, Y. Bain, T. Baines, J.T. Baker, O.K. Baker, M.D. Baker, S. Dos Santos Pedrosa, F.B. Banas, E. Banerjee, P. Banerjee, S. Banfi, D. Bangert, A. Bansal, V. Baranov, S.P. Baranov, S. Barashkou, A. Barber, T. Barberio, E.L. Barberis, D. Barbero, M. Bardin, D.Y. Barillari, T. Barisonzi, M. Barklow, T. Barlow, N. Barnett, B.M. Barnett, R.M. Baroncelli, A. Barr, A.J. Barreiro, F. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J. Barrillon, P. Bartoldus, R. Bartsch, D. Bates, R.L. Batkova, L. Batley, J.R. Battaglia, A. Battistin, M. Bauer, F. Bawa, H.S. Bazalova, M. Beare, B. Beau, T. Beauchemin, P.H. Beccherle, R. Becerici, N. Bechtle, P. Beck, G.A. Beck, H.P. Beckingham, M. Becks, K.H. Beddall, A.J. Beddall, A. Bednyakov, V.A. Bee, C. Begel, M. Harpaz, S.B. Behera, P.K. Beimforde, M. Belanger-Champagne, C. Bell, P.J. Bell, W.H. Bella, G. Bellagamba, L. Bellina, F. Bellomo, M. Belloni, A. Belotskiy, K. Beltramello, O. Ben Ami, S. Benary, O. Benchekroun, D. Bendel, M. Benedict, B.H. Benekos, N. Benhammou, Y. Benincasa, G.P. Benjamin, D.P. Benoit, M. Bensinger, J.R. Benslama, K. Bentvelsen, S. Beretta, M. Berge, D. Bergeaas Kuutmann, E. Berger, N. Berghaus, F. Berglund, E. Beringer, J. Bernat, P. Bernhard, R. Bernius, C. Berry, T. Bertin, A. Besana, M.I. Besson, N. Bethke, S. Bianchi, R.M. Bianco, M. Biebel, O. Biesiada, J. Biglietti, M. Bilokon, H. Bindi, M. Binet, S. Bingul, A. Bini, C. Biscarat, C. Bitenc, U. Black, K.M. Blair, R.E. Blanchard, J.-B. Blanchot, G. Blocker, C. Blondel, A. Blum, W. Blumenschein, U. Bobbink, G.J. Bocci, A. Boehler, M. Boek, J. Boelaert, N. Böser, S. Bogaerts, J.A. Bogouch, A. Bohm, C. Bohm, J. Boisvert, V. Bold, T. Boldea, V. Bondarenko, V.G. Bondioli, M. Boonekamp, M. Bordoni, S. Borer, C. Borisov, A. Borissov, G. Borjanovic, I. Borroni, S. Bos, K. Boscherini, D. Bosman, M. Boterenbrood, H. Bouchami, J. Boudreau, J. Bouhova-Thacker, E.V. Boulahouache, C. Bourdarios, C. Boveia, A. Boyd, J. Boyko, I.R. Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I. Bracinik, J. Braem, A. Branchini, P. Brandenburg, G.W. Brandt, A. Brandt, G. Brandt, O. Bratzler, U. Brau, B. Brau, J.E. Braun, H.M. Brelier, B. Bremer, J. Brenner, R. Bressler, S. Britton, D. Brochu, F.M. Brock, I. Brock, R. Brodet, E. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooks, W.K. Brown, G. Bruckman de Renstrom, P.A. Bruncko, D. Bruneliere, R. Brunet, S. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Bruschi, M. Bucci, F. Buchanan, J. Buchholz, P. Buckley, A.G. Budagov, I.A. Budick, B. Büscher, V. Bugge, L. Bulekov, O. Bunse, M. Buran, T. Burckhart, H. Burdin, S. Burgess, T. Burke, S. Busato, E. Bussey, P. Buszello, C.P. Butin, F. Butler, B. Butler, J.M. Buttar, C.M. Butterworth, J.M. Byatt, T. Caballero, J. Cabrera Urbán, S. Caforio, D. Cakir, O. Calafiura, P. Calderini, G. Calfayan, P. Calkins, R. Caloba, L.P. Calvet, D. Camarri, P. Cameron, D. Campana, S. Campanelli, M. Canale, V. Canelli, F. Canepa, A. Cantero, J. Capasso, L. Capeans Garrido, M.D.M. Caprini, I. Caprini, M. Capua, M. Caputo, R. Caramarcu, C. Cardarelli, R. Carli, T. Carlino, G. Carminati, L. Caron, B. Caron, S. Carrillo Montoya, G.D. Carron Montero, S. Carter, A.A. Carter, J.R. Carvalho, J. Casadei, D. Casado, M.P. Cascella, M. Castaneda Hernandez, A.M. Castaneda-Miranda, E. Castillo Gimenez, V. Castro, N.F. Cataldi, G. Catinaccio, A. Catmore, J.R. Cattai, A. Cattani, G. Caughron, S. Cauz, D. Cavalleri, P. Cavalli, D. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Cavasinni, V. Ceradini, F. Cerqueira, A.S. Cerri, A. Cerrito, L. Cerutti, F. Cetin, S.A. Chafaq, A. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. Chapman, J.D. Chapman, J.W. Chareyre, E. Charlton, D.G. Chavda, V. Cheatham, S. Chekanov, S. Chekulaev, S.V. Chelkov, G.A. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, X. Cheplakov, A. Chepurnov, V.F. Cherkaoui El Moursli, R. Tcherniatine, V. Chesneanu, D. Cheu, E. Cheung, S.L. Chevalier, L. Chevallier, F. Chiarella, V. Chiefari, G. Chikovani, L. Childers, J.T. Chilingarov, A. Chiodini, G. Chizhov, V. Choudalakis, G. Chouridou, S. Christidi, I.A. Christov, A. Chromek-Burckhart, D. Chu, M.L. Chudoba, J. Ciapetti, G. Ciftci, A.K. Ciftci, R. Cinca, D. Cindro, V. Ciobotaru, M.D. Ciocca, C. Ciocio, A. Cirilli, M. Citterio, M. Clark, A. Clark, P.J. Cleland, W. Clemens, J.C. Clement, B. Clement, C. Coadou, Y. Cobal, M. Coccaro, A. Cochran, J. Coggeshall, J. Cogneras, E. Colijn, A.P. Collard, C. Collins, N.J. Collins-Tooth, C. Collot, J. Colon, G. Conde Muiño, P. Coniavitis, E. Consonni, M. Constantinescu, S. Conta, C. Conventi, F. Cooke, M. Cooper, B.D. Cooper-Sarkar, A.M. Cooper-Smith, N.J. Copic, K. Cornelissen, T. 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Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider has collected several hundred million cosmic ray events during 2008 and 2009. These data were used to commission the Muon Spectrometer and to study the performance of the trigger and tracking chambers, their alignment, the detector control system, the data acquisition and the analysis programs. We present the performance in the relevant parameters that determine the quality of the muon measurement. We discuss the single element efficiency, resolution and noise rates, the calibration method of the detector response and of the alignment system, the track reconstruction efficiency and the momentum measurement. The results show that the detector is close to the design performance and that the Muon Spectrometer is ready to detect muons produced in high energy proton-proton collisions. © 2010 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration.

Published
2010

178. The ATLAS Simulation Infrastructure

Author

The ATLAS Collaboration Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdelalim, A.A. Abdesselam, A. Abdinov, O. Abi, B. Abolins, M. Abramowicz, H. Abreu, H. Acharya, B.S. Adams, D.L. Addy, T.N. Adelman, J. Adorisio, C. Adragna, P. Adye, T. Aefsky, S. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Aharrouche, M. Ahlen, S.P. Ahles, F. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, H. Ahsan, M. Aielli, G. Akdogan, T. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimoto, G. Akimov, A.V. Aktas, A. Alam, M.S. Alam, M.A. Albrand, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexandre, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Aliyev, M. Allport, P.P. Allwood-Spiers, S.E. Almond, J. Aloisio, A. Alon, R. Alonso, A. Alviggi, M.G. Amako, K. Amelung, C. Amorim, A. Amorós, G. Amram, N. Anastopoulos, C. Andeen, T. Anders, C.F. Anderson, K.J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anduaga, X.S. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anjos, N. Annovi, A. Antonaki, A. Antonelli, M. Antonelli, S. Antos, J. Antunovic, B. Anulli, F. Aoun, S. Arabidze, G. Aracena, I. Arai, Y. Arce, A.T.H. 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Todorov, T. Todorova-Nova, S. Toggerson, B. Tojo, J. Tokár, S. Tokushuku, K. Tollefson, K. Tomasek, L. Tomasek, M. Tomoto, M. Tompkins, L. Toms, K. Tonoyan, A. Topfel, C. Topilin, N.D. Torrence, E. Pastor, E.T. Toth, J. Touchard, F. Tovey, D.R. Trefzger, T. Tremblet, L. Tricoli, A. Trigger, I.M. Trincaz-Duvoid, S. Trinh, T.N. Tripiana, M.F. Triplett, N. Trischuk, W. Trivedi, A. Trocmé, B. Troncon, C. Trzupek, A. Tsarouchas, C. Tseng, J.C.-L. Tsiakiris, M. Tsiareshka, P.V. Tsionou, D. Tsipolitis, G. Tsiskaridze, V. Tskhadadze, E.G. Tsukerman, I.I. Tsulaia, V. Tsung, J.-W. Tsuno, S. Tsybychev, D. Tuggle, J.M. Turecek, D. Cakir, I.T. Turlay, E. Tuts, P.M. Twomey, M.S. Tylmad, M. Tyndel, M. Uchida, K. Ueda, I. Ugland, M. Uhlenbrock, M. Uhrmacher, M. Ukegawa, F. Unal, G. Undrus, A. Unel, G. Unno, Y. Urbaniec, D. Urkovsky, E. Urquijo, P. Urrejola, P. Usai, G. Uslenghi, M. Vacavant, L. Vacek, V. Vachon, B. Vahsen, S. Valente, P. Valentinetti, S. Valkar, S. Valladolid Gallego, E. Vallecorsa, S. Ferrer, J.A.V. Van Berg, R. van der Graaf, H. van der Kraaij, E. van der Poel, E. van der Ster, D. van Eldik, N. van Gemmeren, P. van Kesteren, Z. van Vulpen, I. Vandelli, W. Vaniachine, A. Vankov, P. Vannucci, F. Vari, R. Varnes, E.W. Varouchas, D. Vartapetian, A. Varvell, K.E. Vasilyeva, L. Vassilakopoulos, V.I. Vazeille, F. Vellidis, C. Veloso, F. Veneziano, S. Ventura, A. Ventura, D. Venturi, M. Venturi, N. Vercesi, V. Verducci, M. Verkerke, W. Vermeulen, J.C. Vetterli, M.C. Vichou, I. Vickey, T. Viehhauser, G.H.A. Villa, M. Villani, E.G. Perez, M.V. Vilucchi, E. Vincter, M.G. Vinek, E. Vinogradov, V.B. Viret, S. Virzi, J. Vitale, A. Vitells, O. Vivarelli, I. Vaque, F.V. Vlachos, S. Vlasak, M. Vlasov, N. Vogel, A. Vokac, P. Volpi, M. von der Schmitt, H. von Loeben, J. von Radziewski, H. von Toerne, E. Vorobel, V. Vorwerk, V. Vos, M. Voss, R. Voss, T.T. Vossebeld, J.H. Vranjes, N. Milosavljevic, M.V. Vrba, V. Vreeswijk, M. Anh, T.V. Vudragovic, D. Vuillermet, R. Vukotic, I. Wagner, P. Walbersloh, J. Walder, J. Walker, R. Walkowiak, W. Wall, R. Wang, C. Wang, H. Wang, J. Wang, S.M. Warburton, A. Ward, C.P. Warsinsky, M. Wastie, R. Watkins, P.M. Watson, A.T. Watson, M.F. Watts, G. Watts, S. Waugh, A.T. Waugh, B.M. Weber, M.D. Weber, M. Weber, M.S. Weber, P. Weidberg, A.R. Weingarten, J. Weiser, C. Wellenstein, H. Wells, P.S. Wen, M. Wenaus, T. Wendler, S. Wengler, T. Wenig, S. Wermes, N. Werner, M. Werner, P. Werth, M. Werthenbach, U. Wessels, M. Whalen, K. White, A. White, M.J. White, S. Whitehead, S.R. Whiteson, D. Whittington, D. Wicek, F. Wicke, D. Wickens, F.J. Wiedenmann, W. Wielers, M. Wienemann, P. Wiglesworth, C. Wiik, L.A.M. Wildauer, A. Wildt, M.A. Wilkens, H.G. Williams, E. Williams, H.H. Willocq, S. Wilson, J.A. Wilson, M.G. Wilson, A. Wingerter-Seez, I. Winklmeier, F. Wittgen, M. Wolter, M.W. Wolters, H. Wosiek, B.K. Wotschack, J. Woudstra, M.J. Wraight, K. Wright, C. Wright, D. Wrona, B. Wu, S.L. Wu, X. Wulf, E. Wynne, B.M. Xaplanteris, L. Xella, S. Xie, S. Xu, D. Xu, N. Yamada, M. Yamamoto, A. Yamamoto, K. Yamamoto, S. Yamamura, T. Yamaoka, J. Yamazaki, T. Yamazaki, Y. Yan, Z. Yang, H. Yang, U.K. Yang, Z. Yao, W.-M. Yao, Y. Yasu, Y. Ye, J. Ye, S. Yilmaz, M. Yoosoofmiya, R. Yorita, K. Yoshida, R. Young, C. Youssef, S.P. Yu, D. Yu, J. Yuan, L. Yurkewicz, A. Zaidan, R. Zaitsev, A.M. Zajacova, Z. Zambrano, V. Zanello, L. Zaytsev, A. Zeitnitz, C. Zeller, M. Zemla, A. Zendler, C. Zenin, O. Zenis, T. Zenonos, Z. Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. della Porta, G.Z. Zhan, Z. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, X. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C.G. Zhu, H. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Živković, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. zur Nedden, M. Zutshi, V.

Subjects
Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment
Abstract

The simulation software for the ATLAS Experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is being used for large-scale production of events on the LHC Computing Grid. This simulation requires many components, from the generators that simulate particle collisions, through packages simulating the response of the various detectors and triggers. All of these components come together under the ATLAS simulation infrastructure. In this paper, that infrastructure is discussed, including that supporting the detector description, interfacing the event generation, and combining the GEANT4 simulation of the response of the individual detectors. Also described are the tools allowing the software validation, performance testing, and the validation of the simulated output against known physics processes. © 2010 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration.

Published
2010

180. Analysis and Results of Treatment of Established Posttraumatic Facial Deformities

Author

Henry K. Kawamoto and Steven R. Cohen

Subjects
Adult, Male, Reoperation, medicine.medical_specialty, Facial Bones, Postoperative Complications, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, In patient, Surgery, Plastic, Surgical treatment, Fracture Healing, Skull Fractures, business.industry, Soft tissue, Middle Aged, Sagittal plane, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Face, Female, Skeletal abnormalities, business, Complication, Clinical record
Abstract

The clinical records of 125 patients undergoing treatment for posttraumatic facial deformities (PTFD) from 1979 to 1990 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with complex fractures had a combination of at least three of the major fracture categories [Le Fort I, II, III; naso-orbital-ethmoid (NOE); zygomatic; frontobasilar; and mandibular]. Twenty-five patients (20 percent) were found to have severe posttraumatic facial deformities resulting from a complex facial fracture pattern. Sixteen were males and nine were females, and their ages at the time of our first reconstructive procedure ranged from 22 to 64 years (mean 33 years). All patients presented to our clinic with severe posttraumatic facial deformities from 1 month to 26 years (mean 5 years) after original injury. The number of prior reconstructive attempts averaged two (range 0 to 9). Arbitrary severity scores assigned by us were mild in 4, moderate in 12, and severe in 9 patients. Once treatment was initiated in our clinic, the average number of operations was 3.76 until completion (range 1 to 15). Surgical treatment was aimed first at reestablishing proper skeletal, vertical, transverse, and sagittal proportions. Once skeletal foundations were reset, the more delicate naso-orbital-ethmoid and lateral canthal relations were addressed. Of the 25 patients, 13 (52 percent) suffered a complication at some point during their surgical management. In these 13 patients, 20 complications occurred in a total of 94 operations for an overall complication rate of 21 percent. Fifteen of the 20 complications were related to infection. Skeletal abnormalities in patients with posttraumatic facial deformities can generally be corrected with current craniomaxillofacial techniques. Ultimately, an excellent result in terms of skeletal reconstruction is compromised by the status of the surrounding soft tissue. More in-depth knowledge of the nature and magnitude of the initial and subsequent soft-tissue injury will contribute to our ability to treat these disfiguring posttraumatic sequelae. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 90: 574, 1992.)

Published
1992
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181. A New Operation for Velopharyngeal Insufficiency

Author

Steven R. Cohen, Sharon Fromwiller, Miles H. Graivier, and Henry K. Kawamoto

Subjects
education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Velopharyngeal Insufficiency, business.industry, Pharynx, Population, Dentistry, Surgical Flaps, Surgery, Single patient, Adenoidectomy, medicine.anatomical_structure, Velopharyngeal insufficiency, medicine, Humans, Sphincter, Female, Complication rate, Child, business, education, Tonsillectomy, Tonsillar Pillar
Abstract

Myomucosal flaps employing the palatoglossi were used to correct posttonsillectomy velopharyngeal insufficiency because the palatopharyngeus were resected with the posterior tonsillar pillar. This new sphincter pharyngoplasty may have a role as a secondary option for treatment of velopharyngeal insufficiency. It should be remembered that this operation has only been performed in a single patient without cleft palate, and, therefore, its application in the cleft population and its potential complication rate are unknown.

Published
1992
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182. Infection of Proplast Malar Implants Following Dental Injections

Author

Steven R. Cohen and Henry K. Kawamoto

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Dentistry, Surgery, Dental anesthesia, stomatognathic diseases, stomatognathic system, medicine, Implant, Antibiotic prophylaxis, skin and connective tissue diseases, business, Complication
Abstract

Two cases of late infections of malar implants are reported following dental work. Inadvertent inoculation of the implants by mouth organisms during injections for local dental anesthesia is implicated as the causative factor. Patients should warn their dentists that a malar alloplast has been inserted. Alternative techniques of maxillary dental anesthesia should be entertained, and antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered.

Published
1992
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183. Determination of nutrients in seawater by segmented–flow analysis with higher analysis rate and reduced interference on ammonia

Author

S. C. Coverly, K. Kawamoto, M. Tochimoto, and M. Jodo

Subjects
Detection limit, Cadmium, Chromatography, Magnesium, Clinical Biochemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Phosphate, Ammonia, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Nitrate, Seawater, Nitrite, Research Article
Abstract

A microbore continuous-flow analyser was used to determine ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and phosphate in seawater. Ninety samples per hour were measured by optimizing the hydraulic conditions and using a cadmium coil for nitrate reduction. The analysis range was extended and the detection limit was reduced by using two analytical ranges with automatic range-changing. Interference from magnesium on ammonia was investigated and reduced by using a different complexing agent. The results correlated well with a Japanese reference method.

Published
1992
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184. Low energy ion scattering analysis of the surface compositional change of Au3Cu(001) induced by oxygen chemisorption

Author

S. Nakanishi, Kenji Umezawa, K. Kawamoto, and N. Fukuoka

Subjects
Scattering, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Surfaces and Interfaces, Condensed Matter Physics, Oxygen, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Ion, Crystal, Adsorption, chemistry, Low-energy ion scattering, Chemisorption, Materials Chemistry, Spectroscopy
Abstract

The change of the surface composition of Au3Cu(001) induced by oxygen chemisorption was investigated by means of impact collision ion-scattering spectroscopy (ICISS) of time of flight version using 180° scattering of 3 keV Ne+ ions. For the clean surface, the topmost layer was found to be occupied almost completely by Au atoms (∼95%) and the second layer by Cu atoms (∼95%). Oxygen chemisorption was performed by exposing the crystal surface to atomic oxygen produced on hot-W filament. With the oxygen adsorption, Au in the topmost layer was replaced with Cu and Cu in the second layer with Au, respectively. Almost complete replacement of elements in the first layer was found at high coverages. At low coverages, at least two Cu atoms were induced by one oxygen atom. From the analysis of the polar scans of the ICISS signals, the oxygen was suggested to be located deeply in the 4-fold hollow site.

Published
1992
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185. Anomalous surface absorption band at 1.2 eV in Si1−Ge alloy-based structures

Author

K. Kawamoto, Yosuke Kishimoto, and Susumu Fukatsu

Subjects
Photocurrent, Photoluminescence, Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Photoconductivity, Alloy, Metals and Alloys, Analytical chemistry, Surfaces and Interfaces, engineering.material, Molecular physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Absorption band, Materials Chemistry, engineering, Photoluminescence excitation, Spectroscopy
Abstract

An anomalous absorption band was observed around 1.2 eV in Si 1− x Ge x alloy-based structures by photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy and photocurrent measurement. From spectral changes after mechanical lapping and subsequent air-borne annealing, it is found that the 1.2 eV absorption band develops only after oxidation of the alloy surface. The 1.2eV band survived up to 240 K in photocurrent measurements, which promises a wavelength selective detector operating near room temperature.

Published
2000
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186. Differential diagnosis of the idiopathic laterally deviated mandible

Author

Henry K. Kawamoto, Reza Jarrahy, Sarah S. Kim, and James P. Bradley

Subjects
Adult, Male, Dentistry, Mandible, Condyle, Craniosynostosis, Diagnosis, Differential, Craniosynostoses, stomatognathic system, medicine, Humans, Mandibular Diseases, Maxillofacial Development, Torticollis, Hyperplasia, Plagiocephaly, Nonsynostotic, Skull Fractures, business.industry, Arthritis, Mandibular Condyle, medicine.disease, Hemifacial microsomia, Malocclusion, Angle Class III, Facial Asymmetry, Surgery, Female, Differential diagnosis, Malocclusion, Plagiocephaly, business
Abstract

Among patients who present for an orthognathic evaluation, a common finding is the presence of a laterally deviated mandible. At times, there is a cause to which the lower face asymmetry can be attributed, such as personal history of trauma to the face, presence of congenital disease known to affect the mandible, or other developmental abnormalities. More commonly, however, the patient is underdiagnosed and the cause of the idiopathic, laterally deviated mandible may be perplexing. The authors review the common causes of lateral deviation of the mandible and discuss how the growth of the mandible is affected and how the correct diagnosis may be ascertained. Among the common diagnoses, there are two major categories of mandibular asymmetry: (1) altered cranial base (e.g., muscular torticollis, unilateral craniosynostosis, and deformational plagiocephaly) and (2) condylar abnormality (e.g., condylar fractures, condylar hyperplasia, juvenile condylar arthritis, and hemifacial microsomia). Proper diagnosis and subsequent treatment of the underlying abnormality of the deviated mandible ensure the patient of the appropriate orthognathic reconstruction and decrease the likelihood of skeletal relapse after surgery.

Published
2009

187. Pfeiffer syndrome twins: despite improved correction in one twin, growth disturbance results in similar need for subsequent monobloc advancement

Author

Emil Kohan, Henry K. Kawamoto, Hurig V. Katchikian, James P. Bradley, Andrew Wexler, Joanna Nguyen, Michael T. Longaker, and Les Cahan

Subjects
musculoskeletal diseases, Parents, congenital, hereditary, and neonatal diseases and abnormalities, medicine.medical_specialty, Disturbance (geology), Esthetics, Cephalometry, Intelligence, Osteogenesis, Distraction, Personal Satisfaction, Craniosynostoses, Parietal Bone, Child Development, Memory, Internal medicine, medicine, Diseases in Twins, Exophthalmos, Humans, Attention, Maxillofacial Development, Monobloc, business.industry, General Medicine, Anatomy, Cranial Sutures, Twins, Monozygotic, Acrocephalosyndactylia, Plastic Surgery Procedures, medicine.disease, Sagittal plane, body regions, Midface hypoplasia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Endocrinology, Otorhinolaryngology, Child, Preschool, Frontal Bone, Pfeiffer syndrome, Surgery, business, Orbit, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Twins with Pfeiffer syndrome (or acrocephalosyndactyly) had a similar phenotypic appearance with findings of classic or type 1 Pfeiffer syndrome, including bicoronal and sagittal craniosynostoses, midface hypoplasia, and broad thumbs/toes. We document their treatment with 2 monobloc advancements and discuss growth disturbances in craniofacial dysostosis.At 6 months, both twins underwent release of multisuture (bilateral coronal and sagittal) fusions for improvement of scaphocephalic shape and multisuture release; however, one twin had a more aggressive procedure with advancement of the frontal-orbital region. Despite improved initial correction by one twin, at 5 years of age, both twins presented with midface hypoplasia and exorbitism and underwent a monobloc distraction procedure with similar 20-mm advancements. Comparative analysis by our craniofacial multidisciplinary team included perioperative reports, computed tomographic scans, cephalograms, parent questionnaires, and physician surveys.Both twins had an improved confidence interval scores from 84 to 68 and 82 to 69 postoperatively. In 6-month follow-up, the Whitaker score of the first twin was 2.8, whereas that for the second twin with the frontal-orbital advancement was 1.2. Preschool expressive and receptive tests yielded 97 and 95, and 97 and 98, and developmental testing was similar between the twins. Global evaluations were equivalent to age-matched controls, and memory and attention skills were within normal limits. Parental surveys showed a high level of satisfaction after all procedures in both twins.Our study demonstrates that the phenotypic outcome for both twins remained unchanged when comparing a more aggressive surgery to less aggressive surgery as an infant. The genetic mutation may have overridden the different surgical interventions. Both twins ultimately required 2 subsequent monobloc corrections.

Published
2009

188. The ATLAS Collaboration

Author

Aad, G. Abbott, B. Abdallah, J. Abdelalim, A.A. Abdesselam, A. Abdinov, O. Abi, B. Abolins, M. Abramowicz, H. Acerbi, E. Acharya, B.S. Adams, D.L. Addy, T.N. Adelman, J. Adorisio, C. Adragna, P. Adye, T. Aefsky, S. Aguilar-Saavedra, J.A. Aharrouche, M. Ahlen, S.P. Ahles, F. Ahmad, A. Ahmed, H. Ahsan, M. Aielli, G. Akdogan, T. Åkesson, T.P.A. Akimoto, G. Akimov, A.V. Alam, M.S. Alam, M.A. Albert, J. Albrand, S. Aleksa, M. Aleksandrov, I.N. Alexa, C. Alexander, G. Alexandre, G. Alexopoulos, T. Alhroob, M. Aliev, M. Alimonti, G. Alison, J. Aliyev, M. Allport, P.P. Allwood-Spiers, S.E. Aloisio, A. Alon, R. Alonso, A. Alviggi, M.G. Amako, K. Amelung, C. Ammosov, V.V. Amorim, A. Amorós, G. Amram, N. Anastopoulos, C. Anders, C.F. Anderson, K.J. Andreazza, A. Andrei, V. Anduaga, X.S. Angerami, A. Anghinolfi, F. Anjos, N. Antonaki, A. Antonelli, M. Antonelli, S. Antunovic, B. Anulli, F. Arabidze, G. Aracena, I. Arai, Y. Arce, A.T.H. Archambault, J.P. Arfaoui, S. Arguin, J.-F. Argyropoulos, T. Arik, M. Armbruster, A.J. Arnaez, O. Arnault, C. Artamonov, A. Arutinov, D. Asai, M. Asai, S. Asfandiyarov, R. Ask, S. Åsman, B. Asner, D. Asquith, L. Assamagan, K. Astbury, A. Astvatsatourov, A. Atoian, G. Auerbach, B. Auge, E. Augsten, K. Aurousseau, M. Austin, N. Avolio, G. Avramidou, R. Axen, D. Ay, C. Azuelos, G. Azuma, Y. Baak, M.A. Bacci, C. Bach, A. Bachacou, H. Bachas, K. Backes, M. Badescu, E. Bagnaia, P. Bai, Y. Bailey, D.C. Bain, T. Baines, J.T. Baker, O.K. Baker, M.D. Baltasar Dos Santos Pedrosa, F. Banas, E. Banerjee, P. Banerjee, S. Banfi, D. Bangert, A. Bansal, V. Baranov, S.P. Baranov, S. Barashkou, A. Barber, T. Barberio, E.L. Barberis, D. Barbero, M. Bardin, D.Y. Barillari, T. Barisonzi, M. Barklow, T. Barlow, N. Barnett, B.M. Barnett, R.M. Baroncelli, A. Barr, A.J. Barreiro, F. Barreiro Guimarães da Costa, J. Barrillon, P. Barros, N. Bartoldus, R. Bartsch, D. Bastos, J. Bates, R.L. Bathe, S. Batley, J.R. Battaglia, A. Battistin, M. Bauer, F. Bazalova, M. Beare, B. Beauchemin, P.H. Beccherle, R. Becerici, N. Bechtle, P. Beck, G.A. Beck, H.P. Beckingham, M. Becks, K.H. Beddall, A.J. Beddall, A. Bednyakov, V.A. Bee, C. Begel, M. Behar Harpaz, S. Behera, P.K. Beimforde, M. Belanger-Champagne, C. Bell, P.J. Bell, W.H. Bella, G. Bellagamba, L. Bellina, F. Bellomo, M. Belloni, A. Belotskiy, K. Beltramello, O. Ben Ami, S. Benary, O. Benchekroun, D. Bendel, M. Benedict, B.H. Benekos, N. Benhammou, Y. Benincasa, G.P. Benjamin, D.P. Benoit, M. Bensinger, J.R. Benslama, K. Bentvelsen, S. Beretta, M. Berge, D. Bergeaas Kuutmann, E. Berger, N. Berghaus, F. Berglund, E. Beringer, J. Bernardet, K. Bernat, P. Bernhard, R. Bernius, C. Berry, T. Bertin, A. Besson, N. Bethke, S. Bianchi, R.M. Bianco, M. Biebel, O. Biesiada, J. Biglietti, M. Bilokon, H. Binet, S. Bingul, A. Bini, C. Biscarat, C. Bitenc, U. Black, K.M. Blair, R.E. Blanchot, G. Blocker, C. Blondel, A. Blum, W. Blumenschein, U. Bobbink, G.J. Bocci, A. Boek, J. Boelaert, N. Böser, S. Bogaerts, J.A. Bogouch, A. Bohm, C. Bohm, J. Boisvert, V. Bold, T. Boldea, V. Boldyrev, A. Bondarenko, V.G. Bondioli, M. Boonekamp, M. Borisov, A. Borissov, G. Borjanovic, I. Borroni, S. Bos, K. Boscherini, D. Bosman, M. Boterenbrood, H. Bouchami, J. Boudreau, J. Bouhova-Thacker, E.V. Boulahouache, C. Bourdarios, C. Boyd, J. Boyko, I.R. Bozovic-Jelisavcic, I. Bracinik, J. Braem, A. Branchini, P. Brandenburg, G.W. Brandt, A. Brandt, G. Brandt, O. Bratzler, U. Brau, J.E. Braun, H.M. Brelier, B. Bremer, J. Brenner, R. Bressler, S. Breton, D. Britton, D. Brochu, F.M. Brock, I. Brock, R. Brodet, E. Bromberg, C. Brooijmans, G. Brooks, W.K. Brubaker, E. Bruckman de Renstrom, P.A. Bruncko, D. Bruneliere, R. Brunet, S. Bruni, A. Bruni, G. Bruschi, M. Bucci, F. Buchanan, J. Buchholz, P. Buckley, A.G. Budagov, I.A. Budick, B. Büscher, V. Bugge, L. Bulekov, O. Bunse, M. Buran, T. Burckhart, H. Burdin, S. Burgess, T. Burke, S. Busato, E. Bussey, P. Buszello, C.P. Butin, F. Butler, B. Butler, J.M. Buttar, C.M. Butterworth, J.M. Byatt, T. Caballero, J. Cabrera Urbán, S. Caforio, D. Cakir, O. Calafiura, P. Calderini, G. Calfayan, P. Calkins, R. Caloba, L.P. Calvet, D. Camarri, P. Cameron, D. Campana, S. Campanelli, M. Canale, V. Canelli, F. Cantero, J. Capasso, L. Caprini, I. Caprini, M. Capua, M. Caputo, R. Caracinha, D. Caramarcu, C. Cardarelli, R. Carli, T. Carlino, G. Carminati, L. Caron, B. Caron, S. Carrillo Montoya, G.D. Carron Montero, S. Carter, A.A. Carter, J.R. Carvalho, J. Casadei, D. Casado, M.P. Cascella, M. Castaneda Hernadez, A.M. Castaneda-Miranda, E. Castillo Gimenez, V. Castro, N. Cataldi, G. Catinaccio, A. Catmore, J.R. Cattai, A. Cattani, G. Caughron, S. Cauz, D. Cavalleri, P. Cavalli, D. Cavalli-Sforza, M. Cavasinni, V. Ceradini, F. Cerqueira, A.S. Cerri, A. Cerrito, L. Cerutti, F. Cetin, S.A. Cevenini, F. Chafaq, A. Chakraborty, D. Chan, K. Chapman, J.D. Chapman, J.W. Chareyre, E. Charlton, D.G. Chatterjii, S. Cheatham, S. Chekanov, S. Chekulaev, S.V. Chelkov, G.A. Chen, H. Chen, S. Chen, X. Cheplakov, A. Chepurnov, V.F. Cherkaoui El Moursli, R. Tcherniatine, V. Chesneanu, D. Cheu, E. Cheung, S.L. Chevalier, L. Chevallier, F. Chiarella, V. Chiefari, G. Chikovani, L. Childers, J.T. Chilingarov, A. Chiodini, G. Chizhov, M. Chouridou, S. Christidi, I.A. Christov, A. Chromek-Burckhart, D. Chu, M.L. Chudoba, J. Ciapetti, G. Ciftci, A.K. Ciftci, R. Cindro, V. Ciobotaru, M.D. Ciocca, C. Ciocio, A. Cirilli, M. Citterio, M. Clark, A. Cleland, W. Clemens, J.C. Clement, B. Clement, C. Clements, D. Coadou, Y. Cobal, M. Coccaro, A. Cochran, J. Coggeshall, J. Cogneras, E. Cole, B. Colijn, A.P. Collard, C. Collins, N.J. Collins-Tooth, C. Collot, J. Colon, G. Conde Muiño, P. Coniavitis, E. Consonni, M. Constantinescu, S. Conta, C. Conventi, F. Cook, J. Cooke, M. Cooper, B.D. Cooper-Sarkar, A.M. Cooper-Smith, N.J. Copic, K. Cornelissen, T. Corradi, M. Corriveau, F. Corso-Radu, A. Cortes-Gonzalez, A. Cortiana, G. Costa, G. Costa, M.J. Costanzo, D. Costin, T. 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Rojo, V. Rolli, S. Romaniouk, A. Romanov, V.M. Romeo, G. Romero Maltrana, D. Roos, L. Ros, E. Rosati, M. Rosati, S. Rosenbaum, G.A. Rosenberg, E.I. Rosselet, L. Rossi, L.P. Rotaru, M. Rothberg, J. Rottländer, I. Rousseau, D. Royon, C.R. Rozanov, A. Rozen, Y. Ruckert, B. Ruckstuhl, N. Rud, V.I. Rudolph, G. Rühr, F. Ruggieri, F. Ruiz-Martinez, A. Rumyantsev, L. Rusakovich, N.A. Rutherfoord, J.P. Ruwiedel, C. Ruzicka, P. Ryabov, Y.F. Ryan, P. Rybin, A.M. Rybkin, G. Rzaeva, S. Saavedra, A.F. Sadrozinski, H.F.-W. Sadykov, R. Sakamoto, H. Salamanna, G. Salamon, A. Saleem, M. Salihagic, D. Salnikov, A. Salt, J. Salvachua Ferrando, B.M. Salvatore, D. Salvatore, F. Salvucci, A. Salzburger, A. Sampsonidis, D. Samset, B.H. Sandaker, H. Sander, H.G. Sandhoff, M. Sandstroem, R. Sandvoss, S. Sankey, D.P.C. Sanny, B. Sansoni, A. Santamarina Rios, C. Santoni, C. Santonico, R. Santos, D. Santos, J. Saraiva, J.G. Sarangi, T. Saremi, S. Sarkisyan-Grinbaum, E. Sarri, F. Sasaki, O. Sasao, N. Satsounkevitch, I. Sauvage, G. Savard, P. Savine, A.Y. Savinov, V. Sawyer, L. Saxon, D.H. Says, L.P. Sbarra, C. Sbrizzi, A. Scannicchio, D.A. Schaarschmidt, J. Schacht, P. Schäfer, U. Schaetzel, S. Schaffer, A.C. Schaile, D. Schamberger, R.D. Schamov, A.G. Schegelsky, V.A. Schernau, M. Scherzer, M.I. Schiavi, C. Schieck, J. Schioppa, M. Schlenker, S. Schmid, P. Schmitt, C. Schmitz, M. Schott, M. Schouten, D. Schovancova, J. Schram, M. Schreiner, A. Schroeder, C. Schroer, N. Schroers, M. Schultes, J. Schultz-Coulon, H.-C. Schumacher, J. Schumacher, M. Schumm, B.A. Schune, Ph. Schwanenberger, C. Schwartzman, A. Schwemling, Ph. Schwienhorst, R. Schwierz, R. Schwindling, J. Scott, W.G. Searcy, J. Sedykh, E. Segura, E. Seidel, S.C. Seiden, A. Seifert, F. Seixas, J.M. Sekhniaidze, G. Seliverstov, D.M. Sellden, B. Semprini-Cesari, N. Serfon, C. Serin, L. Seuster, R. Severini, H. Sevior, M.E. Sfyrla, A. Shan, L.Y. Shank, J.T. Shao, Q.T. Shapiro, M. Shatalov, P.B. Shaw, K. Sherman, D. Sherwood, P. Shibata, A. Shimojima, M. Shin, T. Shmeleva, A. Shochet, M.J. Shupe, M.A. Sicho, P. Sidoti, A. Siegrist, J. Sijacki, Dj. Silbert, O. Silva, J. Silverstein, D. Silverstein, S.B. Simak, V. Simic, Lj. Simion, S. Simmons, B. Simonyan, M. Sinervo, P. Sinev, N.B. Sipica, V. Siragusa, G. Sisakyan, A.N. Sivoklokov, S.Yu. Sjoelin, J. Sjursen, T.B. Skubic, P. Slater, M. Slavicek, T. Sliwa, K. Sloper, J. Sluka, T. Smakhtin, V. Smirnov, S.Yu. Smirnov, Y. Smirnova, L.N. Smirnova, O. Smith, B.C. Smith, D. Smith, K.M. Smizanska, M. Smolek, K. Snesarev, A.A. Snow, S.W. Snow, J. Snuverink, J. Snyder, S. Soares, M. Sobie, R. Sodomka, J. Soffer, A. Solans, C.A. Solar, M. Solfaroli Camillocci, E. Solodkov, A.A. Solovyanov, O.V. Soluk, R. Sondericker, J. Sopko, V. Sopko, B. Sosebee, M. Sosnovtsev, V.V. Soukharev, A. Spagnolo, S. Spanò, F. Spencer, E. Spighi, R. Spigo, G. Spila, F. Spiwoks, R. Spousta, M. Spreitzer, T. Spurlock, B. St. Denis, R.D. Stahl, T. Stamen, R. Stancu, S.N. Stanecka, E. Stanek, R.W. Stanescu, C. Stapnes, S. Starchenko, E.A. Stark, J. Staroba, P. Stastny, J. Staude, A. Stavina, P. Steinbach, P. Steinberg, P. Stekl, I. Stelzer, B. Stelzer, H.J. Stenzel, H. Stevenson, K. Stewart, G. Stockton, M.C. Stoicea, G. Stonjek, S. Strachota, P. Stradling, A. Straessner, A. Strandberg, J. Strandberg, S. Strandlie, A. Strauss, M. Strizenec, P. Ströhmer, R. Strom, D.M. Stroynowski, R. Stugu, B. Soh, D.A. Su, D. Suchkov, S.I. Sugaya, Y. Sugimoto, T. Suhr, C. Sulin, V.V. Sultansoy, S. Sun, X. Sundermann, J.E. Suruliz, K. Sushkov, S. Susinno, G. Sutton, M.R. Suzuki, T. Suzuki, Y. Sykora, I. Sykora, T. Szymocha, T. Sánchez, J. Ta, D. Taffard, A. Tafirout, R. Taga, A. Takahashi, Y. Takai, H. Takashima, R. Takeda, H. Takeshita, T. Talby, M. Talyshev, A. Tamsett, M.C. Tanaka, J. Tanaka, R. Tanaka, S. Tanaka, S. Tapprogge, S. Tardif, D. Tarem, S. Tarrade, F. Tartarelli, G.F. Tas, P. Tasevsky, M. Tassi, E. Taylor, C. Taylor, F.E. Taylor, G.N. Taylor, R.P. Taylor, W. 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Twomey, M.S. Tylmad, M. Tyndel, M. Tzanakos, G. Uchida, K. Ueda, I. Uhrmacher, M. Ukegawa, F. Unal, G. Underwood, D.G. Undrus, A. Unel, G. Unno, Y. Urbaniec, D. Urkovsky, E. Urquijo, P. Urrejola, P. Usai, G. Vacavant, L. Vacek, V. Vachon, B. Vahsen, S. Valenta, J. Valente, P. Valentinetti, S. Valkar, S. Vallecorsa, S. Valls Ferrer, J.A. van der Graaf, H. van der Kraaij, E. van der Poel, E. Van Der Ster, D. van Eldik, N. van Gemmeren, P. van Kesteren, Z. van Vulpen, I. VanBerg, R. Vandelli, W. Vaniachine, A. Vankov, P. Vannucci, F. Vari, R. Varnes, E.W. Varouchas, D. Vartapetian, A. Varvell, K.E. Vassilakopoulos, V.I. Vassilieva, L. Vazeille, F. Veillet, J.J. Vellidis, C. Veloso, F. Veneziano, S. Ventura, A. Ventura, D. Venturi, M. Venturi, N. Vercesi, V. Verducci, M. Verkerke, W. Vermeulen, J.C. Vetterli, M.C. Vichou, I. Vickey, T. Viehhauser, G.H.A. Villa, M. Villani, E.G. Villaplana Perez, M. Villate, J. Vilucchi, E. Vincter, M.G. Vinogradov, V.B. Viret, S. Virzi, J. Vitale, A. 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Wiglesworth, C. Wildauer, A. Wildt, M.A. Wilkens, H.G. Williams, E. Williams, H.H. Willocq, S. Wilson, J.A. Wilson, M.G. Wilson, A. Wingerter-Seez, I. Winklmeier, F. Wittgen, M. Wolter, M.W. Wolters, H. Wosiek, B.K. Wotschack, J. Woudstra, M.J. Wraight, K. Wright, C. Wright, D. Wrona, B. Wu, S.L. Wu, X. Wulf, E. Xella, S. Xie, S. Xu, N. Yamada, M. Yamamoto, A. Yamamoto, S. Yamamura, T. Yamanaka, K. Yamaoka, J. Yamazaki, T. Yamazaki, Y. Yan, Z. Yang, H. Yang, U.K. Yang, Z. Yao, W.-M. Yao, Y. Yasu, Y. Ye, J. Ye, S. Yilmaz, M. Yoosoofmiya, R. Yorita, K. Yoshida, R. Young, C. Youssef, S.P. Yu, D. Yu, J. Yuan, J. Yuan, L. Yurkewicz, A. Zaidan, R. Zaitsev, A.M. Zajacova, Z. Zambrano, V. Zanello, L. Zarzhitsky, P. Zaytsev, A. Zeitnitz, C. Zeller, M. Zema, P.F. Zemla, A. Zendler, C. Zenis, T. Zenonos, Z. Zenz, S. Zerwas, D. Zevi della Porta, G. Zhan, Z. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Zhang, X. Zhao, L. Zhao, T. Zhao, Z. Zhemchugov, A. Zhong, J. Zhou, B. Zhou, N. Zhou, Y. Zhu, C.G. Zhu, H. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, X. Zhuravlov, V. Zimmermann, R. Zimmermann, S. Ziolkowski, M. Zitoun, R. Živković, L. Zobernig, G. Zoccoli, A. zur Nedden, M.

Published
2009

189. The Free Tongue Graft for Correction of Secondary Deformities of the Vermilion in Patients with Cleft Lip

Author

Steven R. Cohen and Henry K. Kawamoto

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Cleft Lip, Dentistry, Free flap, Tongue, Methods, medicine, Deformity, Humans, In patient, Vermilion border, Vermilion, business.industry, fungi, Lip, Sagittal plane, Surgery, Tongue graft, medicine.anatomical_structure, Female, medicine.symptom, business
Abstract

From January of 1985 to January of 1990, 31 patients with repaired cleft lip and secondary vermilion defects underwent 45 revisional procedures. A free tongue graft was utilized seven times in six patients (19 percent). Indications for its use were a Y-shaped vermilion deficit or a “whistling” deformity associated with a sagittal vermilion deficiency and normal or insufficient lateral vermilion hulk. Of the seven free tongue grafts, none was lost. Three patients have required revisions, including repeat free tongue graft in one. Proper positioning of the graft along the free vermilion border has made color and texture match satisfactory. The free tongue graft is a simple and reliable means of transferring both vermilion bulk and surface mucosa. Introduction of the free tongue graft has eliminated the need for more cumbersome procedures, such as the Abbe flap or the tongue flap, in properly selected patients.

Published
1991
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190. High-Energy Orbital Dislocations

Author

Paul N. Manson, Dean Glassman, Michael J. Yaremchuk, Henry K. Kawamoto, and Bernard L. Markowitz

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, High energy, education.field_of_study, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Eye disease, Trauma center, Population, Computed tomography, Unilateral blindness, medicine.disease, Surgery, Blunt, Medicine, business, Complication, education
Abstract

In a 4-year period from 1983 to 1987, 7160 patients with blunt injuries were admitted to the Maryland Institute of Emergency Medical Services Systems Shock Trauma Center. Facial injuries occurred in 10 percent of this population. High-energy fractures (characterized by computed tomography) were seen in approximately 10 percent of these patients. In this high-energy group, five cases of high-energy orbital dislocations, some representing examples of traumatic hypertelorbitism, were observed. They represent 1.5 percent of the 342 midface fractures observed and 4.8 percent of the naso-orbital ethmoid fractures observed (105 patients). One additional patient is described who was seen at the UCLA Medical Center for late repair of the condition. High-energy impacts of the upper midface created fractures of both orbits, zygomas, and nasoethmoidal regions permitting lateral transposition, enlargement, and divergence of the orbits. Interorbital, intercanthal, and interpupillary distances were increased, criteria that confirm the diagnosis of hypertelorbitism. Fifty percent of the patients were bilaterally blind, and one patient sustained unilateral blindness.

Published
1991
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191. Chin Disfigurement Following Removal of Alloplastic Chin Implants

Author

Steven R. Cohen, Henry K. Kawamoto, and Olga L. Mardach

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Soft tissue, Dentistry, Disfigurement, Genioplasty, Chin, Surgery, medicine.anatomical_structure, Ptosis, medicine, In patient, Implant, medicine.symptom, business, Complication
Abstract

Insertion and subsequent removal of alloplastic chin implants is not an innocuous procedure, as commonly believed. Ten women, aged 23 to 62 years of age (mean 45 years) are reported in whom severe soft-tissue deformities were observed 6 months to 6 years (mean 32 months) after removal of their implants. Resulting deformities consisted of chin ptosis and bizarre soft-tissue pogonial bunching and dimpling in repose or on animation in 9 of the 10 patients (90 percent). Asymmetrical motion of the lower lip was noted by 5 of the 10 patients. Two patients complained of pain and tenderness over the soft-tissue pogonion. The “bizarre” soft-tissue chin deformities, once established, are virtually uncorrectable. Presently, we recommend serious consideration be given to performing an immediate osseous genioplasty in patients requiring removal of alloplastic chin implants to prevent the evolution of such abnormalities.

Published
1991
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192. Oxygen induced surface segregation of Cu on the Au0.7Cu0.3(100) surface

Author

K. Nakahigashi, Y. Teraoka, N. Fukuoka, K. Kawamoto, Kenji Umezawa, and S. Nakanishi

Subjects
Maximum intensity, Surface (mathematics), Range (particle radiation), Chemistry, Analytical chemistry, Oxygene, chemistry.chemical_element, Surfaces and Interfaces, Surface concentration, Condensed Matter Physics, Dissociative adsorption, Oxygen, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Materials Chemistry, computer, Thermal equilibrium state, computer.programming_language
Abstract

The oxygen induced surface segregation of Cu on the Au0.7Cu0.3(100) surface was investigated by means of LEED and AES techniques. The dissociative adsorption of O2 did not take place on this clean surface for a long time exposure at least up to 104 L, and so the oxygen was forcibly introduced onto the surface through a pre-deposition of few a layers of Cu and its successive oxidation. The oxygen coverage was controlled by a heat treatment, which leads the system to a thermal equilibrium state. For the clean surface, the segregation of Au was clearly observed and the surface concentration of Au was estimated to be about 86%, greater than the bulk concentration of 70%. At low coverages below 0.16 ML, no remarkable oxygen induced segregation of Cu was observed. But, above 0.2 ML, the surface concentration of Cu was proportional to the oxygen coverage. The (2 × 4) LEED pattern was observed in a wide range of oxygen coverage. The maximum intensity of the (2 × 4) was observed at about 0.45 ML.

Published
1991
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193. Cephalometric evaluation of the craniofacial complex in patients treated with an intraoral distraction osteogenesis device: A long-term study

Author

Henry K. Kawamoto, Mary Trahar, Heleni Vastardis, Haofu Lee, Kang Ting, and Angela Chow

Subjects
Male, Chin, Cephalometry, medicine.medical_treatment, Osteogenesis, Distraction, Dentistry, Orthodontics, Mandible, Article, Facial Bones, Dental Occlusion, Dental Arch, Distraction, Radiography, Panoramic, medicine, Maxilla, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Craniofacial, Child, business.industry, Dental occlusion, Tomography, X-Ray, Vertical Dimension, medicine.disease, Hemifacial microsomia, Dental arch, medicine.anatomical_structure, Facial Asymmetry, Distraction osteogenesis, Female, business, psychological phenomena and processes, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract

Introduction Distraction osteogenesis has gained popularity because of the hypothesized concurrent soft-tissue expansion, which is believed to reduce postoperative relapse. Although many articles describe the immediate success of mandibular distraction, little research has been done on its long-term stability. Our goal was to examine the long-term craniofacial changes after distraction. Methods Four hemifacial microsomic patients treated with unilateral mandibular distraction were recalled. Changes in maxillary width and height, occlusal height, ramus height, mandibular length, and chin position were quantified by using the posteroanterior and 45° lateral oblique cephalographs. Predistraction and postdistraction measurements were taken over a 5-year period. The data were analyzed by using paired t tests and ANOVA. Results Maxillary height, ramus height, mandibular length, and chin point deviation all experienced moderate improvement after distraction. Although the growth patterns between the control side and the treated side were comparable until 2 years after removal of the device, the normal side outgrew the affected side thereafter until 5 years after distraction. Conclusions Because of the greater inherent growth potential of the unaffected side, more overcorrection than originally believed is needed to offset the persistent asymmetry in growing hemifacial microsomia patients who undergo unilateral distraction osteogenesis.

Published
2008

194. Predictive factors in identifying subspecialty fellowship applicants who will have academic practices

Author

Neil F. Jones, Henry K. Kawamoto, Chris Crisera, Prosper Benhaim, Navanjun S. Grewal, James P. Bradley, Daniel B. Spoon, and Andrew L. Da Lio

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatrics, Academic Medical Centers, Career Choice, business.industry, Teaching, education, Academic practice, Hand surgery, Subspecialty, Active participation, Private practice, Family medicine, Clinical training, Job Application, medicine, Humans, Surgery, Fellowships and Scholarships, Surgery, Plastic, business, Academic medicine, Craniofacial surgery
Abstract

Background: The challenge of subspecialty fellowship directors is to recruit surgeons who are motivated to continue the tradition of teaching by entering academic medicine. The authors looked for predictive factors to help with more accurate selection of applicants. Methods: Application and follow-up data from plastic surgery subspecialty fellows in craniofacial surgery, hand surgery, and microsurgery from the University of California, Los Angeles were reviewed for the years 1987 through 2002 (n = 62). Fellows were divided into three groups as follows: group 1, full-time academic; group 2, part-time clinical faculty; and group 3, private practice at 1 year and 5 years after fellowship. Common factors of fellows within the three groups were listed. Results: Although a majority of applicants (95 percent) indicated an aspiration to practice academic medicine, only one-third remained in full-time academics 5 years after their subspecialty training. There was a trend toward leaving academic practice: the rates at 1 year were 74 percent for group 1 (academic) and 5 percent for group 3 (private practice), but by 5 years this had equalized (group 1, 34 percent; group 3, 32 percent). Group 1 (academic) showed more academic productivity publications per year, academic titles, editorial boards, and active participation in medical societies compared with group 3 (private practice). The factors that were more common to group 1 were married or married with children, five or more publications, one or more years of research, and 7 or more years of training. Conclusion: Plastic surgery fellowship directors may look at the following predictive factors of applicants if they would like their graduates to carry on the tradition of teaching future plastic surgeons: (1) previous dedicated research training, (2) more years of clinical training, and (3) more scientific publications.

Published
2008

195. In vivo controlling of cellular response to pig islet xenografts by adenovirus-mediated expression of either membrane-bound human FasL or human decoy Fas

Author

T. Machida, Toshifumi Ito, K. Kawamoto, Yoshiki Sawa, Tsutomu Nishida, Yuichiro Doki, Masaki Mori, Masahiro Tanemura, and T. Deguchi

Subjects
endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, Cellular immunity, Fas Ligand Protein, Swine, Xenotransplantation, medicine.medical_treatment, Genetic Vectors, Transplantation, Heterologous, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation, Biology, Transfection, Fas ligand, Adenoviridae, Cell Line, In vivo, Internal medicine, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, Humans, Transplantation, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Graft Survival, Endothelial Cells, Islet, Immunohistochemistry, Rats, Endocrinology, Rats, Inbred Lew, Cancer research, Surgery, Ex vivo, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract

The critical problem with clinical islet transplantation for patients with type 1 diabetes is the severe shortage of human donors. Pig islet xenotransplantation has the potential to provide a virtually unlimited source of donor pancreata. However, our previous studies demonstrated that cell-mediated rejection, especially human CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated cytotoxicity, remains a major obstacle for long-term islet xenograft survival. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the overexpression of either membrane-bound human FasL (mFasL) or human decoy Fas antigen (decoy Fas) in pig islets not only prevented CTL xenocytotoxicity in vitro, but also prolonged histological survival of pig islet xenografts in vivo. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine whether adenoviral transfer of these genes into pig islets ex vivo prior to transplantation had a beneficial effect on posttransplantation glycemic control of diabetic recipients. Isolated pig islets were transfected with adenovirus vector carrying complementary DNA (cDNA) of either mFasL or decoy Fas. The transfected islets were transplanted under the kidney capsule of diabetic recipient rats. Rats transplanted with either mFasL- or decoy Fas-transfected pig islet grafts showed significantly suppressed blood glucose levels from 12 hours to 18 hours posttransplantation compared with control groups transplanted with empty vector-transfected pig islets. Unfortunately, blood glucose levels of these groups were increased, with no significant difference observed at 24 hours posttransplantation. However, transgenic expression of these molecules with clinically tolerable amount of immunosuppressants may be more effective to achieve islet xenograft survival in the future.

Published
2008

196. Rapamycin induces autophagy in islets: relevance in islet transplantation

Author

T. Deguchi, T. Machida, Masahiro Tanemura, Ayami Saga, Toshifumi Ito, Yoshiki Sawa, Tsutomu Nishida, K. Kawamoto, Y. Doki, and Masahide Mori

Subjects
Autophagosome, Male, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, endocrine system diseases, medicine.medical_treatment, Islets of Langerhans Transplantation, Mice, Transgenic, Biology, Transfection, Islets of Langerhans, Mice, Downregulation and upregulation, Genes, Reporter, Internal medicine, Insulin Secretion, medicine, Autophagy, Animals, Insulin, Antibacterial agent, Sirolimus, Transplantation, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Islet, Endocrinology, Glucose, Cancer research, Surgery, Immunoglobulin Light Chains, medicine.drug, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Islet transplantation can provide insulin independence in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, islet allograft recipients exhibit a gradual decline in insulin independence, and only 10% do not require insulin at 5 years. This decline may reflect drug toxicity to islet β cells. Rapamycin, a central immunosuppressant in islet transplantation, is a mammalian target of rampamycin inhibitor that induces autophagy. The relative contributions of autophagy in transplanted islets are poorly understood. Therefore, in the present study we sought to evaluate the effects of rapamycin on islet β cells. Rapamycin treatment of islets resulted in accumulation of membrane-bound light chain 3 (LC3-II) protein, an early marker of autophagy. In addition, rapamycin treatment of isolated islets elicited not only reduction of viability but also downregulation of in vitro potency. To further examine the occurrence of autophagy in rapamycin-treated islets, we used GFP (green fluorescent protein)–LC3 transgenic mice that express a fluorescent autophagosome marker. The GFP-LC3 signals were markedly increased in rapamycin treated islets compared with control islets. In addition, to show improvement by blockade of autophagic signaling, islets were treated with rapamycin in the presence of 3-methyladenine, which inhibits autophagy. Thereafter, both islet viability and islet potency were dramatically improved. The number of GFP-LC3 dots clearly increased after 3-MA treatment. Thus, rapamycin treatment of islets induces autophagy in vitro. This phenomenon may contribute to the progressive graft dysfunction of transplanted islets. Therapeutically targeting this novel signaling may yield significant benefits for long-term islet survival.

Published
2008

197. Regeneration of beta cells in the native pancreata after syngeneic and allogeneic pancreas transplantations in spontaneously type 2 diabetic Torii rats

Author

Gang Miao, Tsutomu Nishida, K. Kawamoto, Hideaki Kaneto, Masahiro Tanemura, Hiroshi Komoda, Toshifumi Ito, Yoshiki Sawa, Yuichi Fumimoto, and Kazunori Shimada

Subjects
Blood Glucose, Male, endocrine system, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Cell, Type 2 diabetes, Pancreas transplantation, Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental, Internal medicine, Diabetes mellitus, Insulin-Secreting Cells, medicine, Animals, Regeneration, Transplantation, Homologous, Homeodomain Proteins, Transplantation, business.industry, Regeneration (biology), Body Weight, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Rats, Inbred Strains, medicine.disease, Rats, Transplantation, Isogeneic, Endocrinology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Trans-Activators, Surgery, Pancreas Transplantation, Pancreas, business
Abstract

Background We previously demonstrated that syngeneic pancreas transplantation has a potential to reverse diabetes even in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, namely Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT; RT1a). The onset of diabetes was significantly delayed in the pancreas transplant recipients. We speculated that perfect diabetic control achieved by pancreas transplantation showed a beneficial effect on the native pancreata & recipients. Materials and Methods Twenty-five-week-old diabetic SDT rats were divided into 3 groups: untreated controls and syngeneic and allogeneic transplant recipients. We transplanted pancreaticoduodenal grafts from nondiabetic 10-week-old SDT rats and from 10-week-old allogeneic Dark Agouti (DA; RT1a) rats using daily administration of FK506. Results Untreated SDT rats showed disappearance of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) expression in the pancreas and a marked decrease in β-cell mass. Among syngeneic and allogeneic pancreas transplant recipients, islet-like cell clusters were found in the native pancreata. The β-cell mass at 40 weeks of age was significantly increased in the native pancreata of recipients compared with age-matched controls. Interestingly, we observed the reexpression of PDX-1 in the nuclei of islet-like cell clusters. Conclusions Our results indicated the benefits of avoiding glucose toxicity by pancreas transplantation which induced PDX-1 expression in the native pancreata of type 2 diabetic recipients, resulting in regeneration of β cells in the native pancreata.

Published
2008

198. Pig cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) overexpression in pig xenograft cells induces resistance to human CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated xenocytotoxicity

Author

K. Kawamoto, Masahiro Tanemura, Tsutomu Nishida, T. Deguchi, N. Manabe, Ayami Saga, T. Machida, Yoshiki Sawa, and Toshifumi Ito

Subjects
Cell Survival, Swine, Transplantation, Heterologous, CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein, Gene Expression, DNA Fragmentation, Biology, CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Fas ligand, Cell Line, Cytotoxic T cell, Animals, Humans, FADD, Death domain, Transplantation, Apoptosis, Flip, Immunology, biology.protein, Cancer research, Surgery, Endothelium, Vascular, CD8, Plasmids, T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic
Abstract

Although the use of organs from α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout pigs may prolong xenograft survival, resulting in overcoming antibody-mediated hyperacute rejection, pig xenografts will be destroyed directly by cell-mediated immunity, such as NK cells, macrophages, and CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs). Therefore, conquering cell-mediated immunity, especially of human CD8 + CTLs, is of particular importance to the success of long-term xenograft survival. We have previously reported that the cytotoxicity of human CD8 + CTLs is strong against pig endothelial cells (PEC) and mediated in major part by the Fas/FasL apoptotic pathway. Cellular FLICE inhibitory protein (c-FLIP) was originally identified as a potent inhibitor of death-receptor signaling through binding competition with caspase-8 for recruitment to Fas-associated via death domain (FADD). Two major c-FLIP variants result from alternative mRNA splicing: a short, 26-kDa protein (c-FLIP S ) and a long, 55-kDa form (c-FLIP L ). The present study demonstrated that overexpression of c-FLIP S/L genes in PEC markedly suppressed human CD8 + CTL-mediated xenocytotoxicity; moreover, the cytoprotective effects of c-FLIP L appeared to be significantly stronger than those of c-FLIP S . Furthermore, to prove the in vivo prolongation effects of xenograft survival, we transplanted PEC transfectants with c-FLIP S/L genes under the rat kidney capsule. Prolonged survival was displayed by xenografts of FLIP S/L PEC transfectants, whereas xenografts of parental PEC were completely rejected by day 5 posttransplantation. Thus, intracellular blocking of death receptor-mediated apoptotic signals by overexpression of c-FLIP S/L in xenograft cells may prevent innate cellular attacks against xenografts opening the window of opportunity for long-term xenograft survival.

Published
2008

199. Upper lip augmentation: palmaris longus tendon as an autologous filler

Author

Jennifer N. Keagle, Andrew P. Trussler, Brian P. Dickinson, Reza Jarrahy, Eric Jackson, Henry K. Kawamoto, James P. Bradley, and Kristy L. Wasson

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Relapse rate, Cosmetic Techniques, Wrist, Tendons, stomatognathic system, Medicine, Humans, Palmaris longus tendon, Lateral projection, Lip augmentation, business.industry, Upper lip, Middle Aged, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Lip, Tendon, Surgery, stomatognathic diseases, Forearm, medicine.anatomical_structure, Palmaris longus muscle, Patient Satisfaction, Female, business
Abstract

Background: Lip augmentation is used to enhance a thin upper lip or correct lip deficiencies. The palmaris longus tendon, an accessory tendon of the wrist, has been used successfully for upper extremity reconstruction and was used in this case series for upper lip augmentation. Methods: Patients underwent upper lip augmentation using palmaris longus tendon grafts at the University of California, Los Angeles from 1998 to 2005 (n = 38). Vertical lip height, lateral lip projection, and dynamic smile length were measured preoperatively, at 6 weeks, and at 1-year follow-up, and complications, lip mobility, and physician/patient outcome surveys were recorded. Results: Palmaris graft lip augmentation was performed for cosmetic (n = 21) and reconstructive (n = 17) indications. There were two infections and two graft exposures, with no long-term sequelae. The vertical height of the upper lip had a mean increase of 204 percent and a mean relapse of 9 percent (change from postoperative period to follow-up). Lateral projection of the upper lip showed a mean increase of 180 percent and a relapse rate of 7 percent. Dynamic lip mobility had a mean grade of 4.7 of 5 at 1 year, and the postoperative smile length was close to the preoperative length (mean postoperative length was 96 percent of preoperative length). One patient developed a stiff upper lip and required reoperation and therapy for a good final outcome. Conclusion: The authors' case series shows that the palmaris longus tendon provides a reliable option for soft-tissue upper lip augmentation, with improved vertical height and lateral projection and maintenance of lip mobility.

Published
2008

200. Successful blood conservation during craniosynostotic correction with dual therapy using procrit and cell saver

Author

Samuel H. Wald, Henry K. Kawamoto, Kara Krajewski, Rebekah K. Ashley, Jorge A. Lazareff, Nina Pung, and James P. Bradley

Subjects
Transfusion rate, Time Factors, Injections, Subcutaneous, Premedication, Blood Loss, Surgical, Hematocrit, Cell saver, Blood Transfusion, Autologous, Craniosynostoses, Hemoglobins, Postoperative Complications, Medicine, Humans, Blood Transfusion, Dual therapy, Erythropoietin, Intraoperative Care, Blood conservation, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Infant, General Medicine, Plastic Surgery Procedures, Recombinant Proteins, Epoetin Alfa, Treatment Outcome, Otorhinolaryngology, Elective Surgical Procedures, Anesthesia, Hematinics, Surgery, Hemoglobin, Packed red blood cells, business, Craniotomy, medicine.drug
Abstract

BACKGROUND Craniosynostotic correction typically performed around infant physiologic nadir of hemoglobin (approximately 3-6 months of age) is associated with high transfusion rates of packed red blood cells and other blood products. As a blood conserving strategy, we studied the use of 1) recombinant human erythropoietin or Procrit (to optimize preoperative hematocrit) and 2) Cell Saver (to recycle the slow, constant ooze of blood during the prolonged case). METHODS UCLA Patients with craniosynostosis from 2003-2005 were divided into 1) the study group (Procrit and Cell Saver) or 2) the control group (n = 79). The study group 1) received recombinant human erythropoietin at 3 weeks, 2 weeks, and 1 week preoperatively and 2) used Cell Saver intraoperatively. Outcomes were based on morbidities and transfusion rate comparisons. RESULTS The 2 groups were comparable with regards to age (5.66 and 5.71 months), and operative times (3.11 vs 2.59 hours). In the study group there was a marked increase in preoperative hematocrit (56.2%). The study group had significantly lower transfusions rates (5% vs 100% control group) and lower volumes transfused than in the control group (0.05 pediatric units vs 1.74 pediatric units). Additionally, of the 80% of patients in the study group who received Cell Saver blood at the end of the case, approximately 31% would have needed a transfusion if the recycled blood were unavailable. CONCLUSION Our data showed that for elective craniosynostotic correction, successful blood conserving dual therapy with Procrit and Cell Saver might be used to decrease transfusion rates and the need for any blood products.

Published
2008

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