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527 results on '"Joshi, Pramod"'

151. Cooperatives, contract farming, and farm size: The case of tomato producers in Nepal

Author

Mishra, Ashok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D'Souza, Alwin, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod, Mishra, Ashok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D'Souza, Alwin, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; Capacity Strengthening; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; Policy Reform Initiative Project (PRIP), SAR; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2018

152. Can contract farming in organic basmati rice be a boon to smallholders? Evidence from India

Author

Mishra, Ashkok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D’Souza, Alwin; Tripathi, Gaurav, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-5506 Tripathi, Gaurav, Mishra, Ashkok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D’Souza, Alwin; Tripathi, Gaurav, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-5506 Tripathi, Gaurav

Subjects
endogenous switching regression, C21 Single Equation Models: Cross-Sectional Models; Q12 Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets; D13 Household Production and Intrahousehold Allocation
Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP2; Policy Reform Initiative Project (PRIP); IFPRI-ICAR, SAO; SAR; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), Demand for organic basmati rice (OBR), both at home and abroad, coupled with policy reforms in India have given rise to contract farming (CF) production in that nation. OBR production, however, is highly susceptible to weather and pest risks. This study investigates the impact of smallholders’ perceived production risks on their adoption of CF in OBR farming. We also assess the impact of CF in OBR production on yields, prices received, and the livelihood of OBR producers. We use farm-level data from smallholder basmati rice farms in India and the endogenous switching regression method to account for heterogeneity.

Published
2018

153. Regional income inequalities and public investments in rural India

Author

Bathla, Seema; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Bathla, Seema; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; DCA; CRP2; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; 4 Transforming Agricultural and Rural Economies; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; IFPRI-ICAR, SAR; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2018

154. Does cooperative membership improve household welfare? Evidence from a panel data analysis of smallholder dairy farmers in Bihar, India

Author

Kumar, Anjani; Saroj, Sunil; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-2092 Saroj, Sunil; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1761-408X Takeshima, Hiroyuki; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Kumar, Anjani; Saroj, Sunil; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-2092 Saroj, Sunil; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1761-408X Takeshima, Hiroyuki; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Subjects
food safety measures; endogenous switching regression model, Q12 Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets; Q13 Agricultural Markets and Marketing, Cooperatives, Agribusiness; Q17 Agriculture in International Trade; Q18 Agricultural Policy, Food Policy
Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP2; F Strengthening institutions and governance, SAO; SAR; DSGD; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), The promotion of cooperatives is widely viewed as the most important institutional arrangement for spurring dairy development in India and much of the success of the White Revolution in India is attributed to the cooperative framework of the country's dairy development strategies. However, empirical evidences on impact of dairy cooperatives based on sound econometric analysis are scarce. To bridge the gap in literature, this paper examines the impact of dairy cooperative membership on farm performance indicators, such as milk yield, net returns, and adoption of food safety measures (FSM) in milk production, using panel data from a survey of milk producers in 2007 and 2015 in Bihar, India. An endogenous switching regression model, which accounts for selection bias, is used in the analysis.

Published
2018

155. How did sanctions impact Myanmar?

Author

Ajmani, Manmeet; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Kishore, Avinash; Roy, Devesh, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-1248 Ajmani, Manmeet, Ajmani, Manmeet; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Kishore, Avinash; Roy, Devesh, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7175-1248 Ajmani, Manmeet

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5; Agricultural Transformation and Market Integration (ATMI), SAO; SAR, With continued international concern over the treatment of Rohingyas in Myanmar, some commentators have suggested the use of sanctions to varying degrees. This would not be the first time that Myanmar faced sanctions. The United States imposed sanctions on Myanmar in 2003 and revoked them only in 2016, and Washington has recently also begun imposing some targeted sanctions following the Rohingya crisis. In this article, we discuss the impacts and coping strategies related to the sanctions imposed on Myanmar, which lasted over a decade.

Published
2018

156. Multi-objective land use allocation modelling for prioritizing climate-smart agricultural interventions

Author

Dunnett, A.; Shirsath, P.B.; Aggarwal, P.K.; Thornton, P.; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Pal, Barun Deb; Khatri-Chhetri, A.; Ghosh, Joydeep, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-6574 Deb Pal, Barun, Dunnett, A.; Shirsath, P.B.; Aggarwal, P.K.; Thornton, P.; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Pal, Barun Deb; Khatri-Chhetri, A.; Ghosh, Joydeep, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6808-6574 Deb Pal, Barun

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; CRP7; 1 Fostering Climate-Resilient and Sustainable Food Supply; ISI, SAR, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS), Climate-smart interventions in agriculture have varying costs and environmental and economic impacts. Their implementation requires appropriate investment decisions by policy makers that are relevant for current as well as future scenarios of agro-ecology, climate and economic development. Decision support tools are therefore needed to assist different stakeholders to prioritize and hence implement appropriate strategic interventions. These interventions transform agriculture ecosystems to climate-resilient, adaptive and efficient. This paper outlines the mathematical modelling framework of one such, the Climate Smart Agricultural Prioritization (CSAP) toolkit.

Published
2018

157. Impact of crop diversification on rural poverty in Nepal

Author

Thapa, Ganesh; Kumar, Anjani; Roy, Devesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Thapa, Ganesh; Kumar, Anjani; Roy, Devesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, CRP4; ISI; IFPRI3, SAO; A4NH; SAR, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Published
2018

158. Does cooperative membership improve household welfare? Evidence from a panel data analysis of smallholder dairy farmers in Bihar, India

Author

Kumar, Anjani; Saroj, Sunil; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Takeshima, Hiroyuki, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-2092 Saroj, Sunil; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1761-408X Takeshima, Hiroyuki, Kumar, Anjani; Saroj, Sunil; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Takeshima, Hiroyuki, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5820-2092 Saroj, Sunil; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1761-408X Takeshima, Hiroyuki

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP2, SAO; SAR; DSGD; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2018

159. How can organic rice be a boon to smallholders? Evidence from contract farming in India

Author

Mishra, Ashok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D'Souza, Alwin; Tripathi, Gaurav, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-5506 Tripathi, Gaurav, Mishra, Ashok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D'Souza, Alwin; Tripathi, Gaurav, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-5506 Tripathi, Gaurav

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; Policy Reform Initiative Project (PRIP); IFPRI-ICAR, SAO; SAR; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2018

160. MSP hike: Not a viable policy option

Author

Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Kishore, Avinash; Roy, Devesh, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh, Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Kishore, Avinash; Roy, Devesh, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh

Abstract

Non-PR, CRP4; IFPRI5, SAO; SAR; A4NH, CGIAR Research Programs on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Published
2018

161. Impact of contract farming on yield, costs and profitability in low‐value crop: Evidence from a low‐income country

Author

Mishra, Ashok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D'Souza, Alwin, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Mishra, Ashok K.; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; D'Souza, Alwin, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP2; Capacity Strengthening; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry; 5 Strengthening Institutions and Governance; Policy Reform Initiative Project (PRIP), SAR; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2018

162. Does contract farming improve profits and food safety? Evidence from tomato cultivation in Nepal

Author

Kumar, Anjani; Roy, Devesh; Tripathi, Gaurav; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Adhikari, Rajendra Prasad, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-5506 Tripathi, Gaurav; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Kumar, Anjani; Roy, Devesh; Tripathi, Gaurav; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Adhikari, Rajendra Prasad, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6778-5506 Tripathi, Gaurav; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; CRP4; CRP2, SAR; A4NH; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH); CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2018

163. Regional developments [In 2018 Global food policy report]

Author

Makombe, Tsitsi; Collins, Julia; Ulimwengu, John M.; Badiane, Ousmane; Breisinger, Clemens; Abdelaziz, Fatma; Khouri, Nadim; Akramov, Kamiljon T.; Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; Park, Allen; Kumar, Anjani; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Davies, Stephen; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Chen, Kevin Z.; Timmer, Peter; Dawe, David; Wang, Zimeiyi; Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Piñeiro, Valeria, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-7428 Makombe, Tsitsi; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-4705 Collins, Julia; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-0201 Ulimwengu, John; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3400 Badiane, Ousmane; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-0682 Breisinger, Clemens; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-7335 Abdelaziz, Fatma; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-0508 Akramov, K.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-0086 Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-7210 Park, Allen; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-502X Ahmed, A.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-0893 Davies, Stephen; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-4132 Chen, Kevin; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-6588 Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4372-7141 Pineiro, Valeria; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-9698 Wang, Zimeiyi, Makombe, Tsitsi; Collins, Julia; Ulimwengu, John M.; Badiane, Ousmane; Breisinger, Clemens; Abdelaziz, Fatma; Khouri, Nadim; Akramov, Kamiljon T.; Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; Park, Allen; Kumar, Anjani; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Davies, Stephen; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Chen, Kevin Z.; Timmer, Peter; Dawe, David; Wang, Zimeiyi; Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Piñeiro, Valeria, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-7428 Makombe, Tsitsi; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-4705 Collins, Julia; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8905-0201 Ulimwengu, John; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3400 Badiane, Ousmane; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-0682 Breisinger, Clemens; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-7335 Abdelaziz, Fatma; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-0508 Akramov, K.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-0086 Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-7210 Park, Allen; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-502X Ahmed, A.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-0893 Davies, Stephen; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-4132 Chen, Kevin; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-6588 Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4372-7141 Pineiro, Valeria; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3376-9698 Wang, Zimeiyi

Subjects
global
Abstract

PR, IFPRI1; IFPRI4; EgyptSSP; PRSSP, DGO; MTID; DSGD; LAC; WCAO; AFR; SAO; SAR; ECAO; AFR, At the regional and country level, developments in 2017 had important repercussions for food security and nutrition. This section offers perspectives on food policy developments across the major regions: Africa, the Middle East and North Africa, Central Asia, South Asia, East and Southeast Asia, and Latin America and the Caribbean. Globalization and the impact of growing antiglobalization pressures on food security are examined for each region, along with many other current topics.

Published
2018

164. Climate Change Impacts on Glacier-fed and Non-glacier-Fed Ecosystems of the Indian Himalayan Region: People’s Perception and Adaptive Strategies

Author

Kuniyal, Jagdish Chandra, primary, Kanwar, Nidhi, additional, Bhoj, Ajay Singh, additional, Rautela, Kuldeep Singh, additional, Joshi, Pramod, additional, Kumar, Kireet, additional, Sofi, Mohd Sharjeel, additional, Bhat, Sami Ullah, additional, Rashid, Irfan, additional, Lodhi, Mahindra Singh, additional, Anniebesant Devi, Ch., additional, and Singh, Huidrom Birkumar, additional

Published
2021
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169. Simple preparation of alpha-diazo esters

Author

Taber, Douglass F., Sheth, Ritesh B., and Joshi, Pramod V.

Subjects
Organic compounds -- Chemical properties, Esters -- Chemical properties, Diazo compounds -- Chemical properties, Biological sciences, Chemistry
Abstract

The diazo transfer of the alpha-benzoylated ester utilizing p-acetoamidobenzenesulfonyl azide affords the alpha-diazo ester in good yield. Gram quantities of alpha-diazo esters could be easily prepared with the use of this simplified procedure.

Published
2005

171. Changes in physical and chemical properties of saline soil amended with municipal solid waste compost and chemical fertilizers in a mustard–pearl millet cropping system.

Author

Meena, Murli Dhar, Narjary, Bhaskar, Sheoran, Parvender, Jat, Hanuman Sahay, Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and Chinchmalatpure, Anil R.

Subjects
CROPPING systems, FERTILIZERS, SOIL salinity, SOLID waste, CHEMICAL properties
Abstract

Soil salinity is a severe threat in arid and semiarid agro‐ecosystem of India, and it is directly influenced by soil physical properties. Therefore, understanding the dynamic nature of salinity is the key to implementing suitable management options for re‐builing the fertility of saline soils. In this context, we conducted field experiments in saline soil, comprising five treatments (1‐5 following) and a control (C). These are: C) no amendments and chemical fertilizer; T1) recommended dose nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N‐P‐K) fertilizers @60:30:30 kg ha−1; T2) 100% recommended dose of chemical fertilizers (RDF).; T3) rice straw compost (RSC) @14 Mg ha−1; T4) gypsum enriched compost (GEC) @14 Mg ha−1; and T5) municipal solid waste compost @16 Mg ha−1 (MSWC) applied for three consecutive years (2012 to 2015). Our results revealed that compost and chemical fertilizer had significant effect on soil organic carbon, soil aggregate stability indices, soil water retention, transmission characteristics, and pore size distribution. This improvement in soil physical properties imparted into better soil physical environment and significant reduction in soil salinity (75%) was apparent with application of MSWC. Multivariate analysis indicated that mean weight diameter (MWD) and retension pores (RP) were the two main soil physical properties that help to reduce soil salinity. Our results revealed that, MWD increased by 49.1% in MSWC and 37.7% in GEC over control (C) (0.53 mm). Improvement in soil environment under composted soil produced significantly higher grain yield of mustard (2.22 Mg ha−1) and pearl millet (2.29 Mg ha−1) with MSWC as compared to control (C). Organic amendments significantly improved the soil physical environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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View/download PDF

182. Regional developments [In 2017 Global Food Policy Report, in Chinese]

Author

Makombe, Tsitsi; Collins, Julia; Badiane, Ousmane; Breisinger, Clemens; Abdelaziz, Fatma; Khouri, Nadim; Akramov, Kamiljon T.; Park, Allen; Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; Kumar, Anjani; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Davies, Stephen; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Chen, Kevin Z.; Timmer, Peter; Dawe, David; Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Torero, Máximo, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-7428 Makombe, Tsitsi; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-4705 Collins, Julia; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3400 Badiane, Ousmane; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-0682 Breisinger, Clemens; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-0508 Akramov, K.; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-7210 Park, Allen; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-0086 Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-502X Ahmed, A.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-0893 Davies, Stephen; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-4132 Chen, Kevin; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-6588 Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-3371 Torero, Maximo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-7335 Abdelaziz, Fatma, Makombe, Tsitsi; Collins, Julia; Badiane, Ousmane; Breisinger, Clemens; Abdelaziz, Fatma; Khouri, Nadim; Akramov, Kamiljon T.; Park, Allen; Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; Kumar, Anjani; Ahmed, Akhter U.; Davies, Stephen; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Chen, Kevin Z.; Timmer, Peter; Dawe, David; Díaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; Torero, Máximo, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5297-7428 Makombe, Tsitsi; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5233-4705 Collins, Julia; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0061-3400 Badiane, Ousmane; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6955-0682 Breisinger, Clemens; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4357-0508 Akramov, K.; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4780-7210 Park, Allen; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4823-0086 Ilyasov, Jarilkasin; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0112-502X Ahmed, A.; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3659-0893 Davies, Stephen; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7927-4132 Chen, Kevin; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3777-6588 Diaz-Bonilla, Eugenio; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4863-3371 Torero, Maximo; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1781-7335 Abdelaziz, Fatma

Subjects
food security; climate change; agricultural products; prices; economic development; diversification; resilience; food policies; agricultural policies; economic growth; investment; economic depression; urbanization; diets; drought; armed conflicts; food safety, value chains; El Niño
Abstract

PR, IFPRI1, DGO; CPA; WCAO; DSGD; SAO; PHND; LAC, 2016年，食物领域出现的重要进展可能对各个国家和地区的食物安全与营养状 况产生深远影响。本报告将研究非洲、中东、北非、中亚、南亚、东亚、拉美和加勒 比海等主要地区在粮食政策方面的进展、城市化趋势，以及这些趋势对食物安全 与营养状况的影响。以下章节将探究不同地区的情况，包括： ■■ 非洲地区合作与投资增长，如何在气候变化和商品价格走低的情况下加强食 物安全 ■■ 中东北非地区持续的冲突、某些国家的政策改革需求以及较低的油价 ■■ 中亚如何推广农业多样性，加强区域一体化，增强经济恢复力 ■■ 南亚的增长迅速，针对农业出台新政策，展开新投资 ■■ 东亚的城市化、饮食结构变化与地区增长 ■■ 拉美及加勒比海主要经济体的衰退和厄尔尼诺现象对该地区未来的影响

Published
2017

183. Making pulses affordable again: Policy options from the farm to retail in India

Author

Kishore, Avinash; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Roy, Devesh, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh, Kishore, Avinash; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Roy, Devesh, and http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5; TARINA; CRP4; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry, SAR; A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), Pulses are an important source of complex carbohydrates and the main source of noncereal protein for most Indian families. The frequency of pulse consumption is higher than of any other source of protein among Indian consumers. Around 89 percent of consumers in India have pulses at least once a week, while the corresponding number for consumption of fish, chicken, or meat is only 35.4 percent (IIPS and Macro International 2007). Pulses are also the cheapest source of non-cereal protein in India. Persistently high prices in the last few years have led to a significant decline in pulse consumption, from what was an already low level (Kumar and Joshi 2016). Rapidly rising prices of pulses have also contributed disproportionately to increases in relative prices of food (Sekhar and Bhatt 2016a). An average Indian household spends only 6–7 percent of its total food budget on pulses and pulse products, but pulses have accounted for more than 40 percent of the inflation in food prices in 2014–16 (Sekhar and Bhatt 2016a; Sekhar and Bhatt 2016b). Thus, high and rising pulse prices raise concerns for both nutrition and food price inflation. We need special policy efforts to increase the production and availability of pulses in India and make them more affordable to consumers. The central government has set the target to increase the annual production of pulses to over 24 million tonnes by 2020–21. This policy brief outlines policy strategies that can help achieve this goal, and it also points out the limitations of some of the most common recommendations for making pulses affordable in India (Kishore, Joshi, and Roy 2016).

Published
2017

184. Agricultural diversification in Nepal: Status, determinants, and its impact on rural poverty

Author

Thapa, Ganesh; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Thapa, Ganesh; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Subjects
high value agriculture; consumption expenditures
Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP2; D Transforming Agriculture; A Ensuring Sustainable food production, SAO; PIM; A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), As in many parts of the developing world, the share of high value crops in agricultural gross domestic product (AgGDP) has increased substantially in Nepal. We contribute to the literature on trends in agricultural development in the poorest countries by answering the research question on “Does transition from traditional to high-value agriculture reduce rural poverty in poor developing countries”? We also identified the drivers leading to this transition. The study uses survey data from three rounds of the nationally representative Nepal Living Standard Surveys: NLSS I (1994/1995), NLSS II (2004/2005) and NLSS III (2010/2011). Multi-level model was used to study the determinants of agricultural diversification. To estimate the causal impact of agricultural diversification on welfare measures, propensity score matching and instrumental variable techniques were used. Results indicate that there has been a rightward shift in the distribution of the share (percent) of high-value crops between 1995 and 2004 and between 2004 and 2010, respectively. The area as well as the shared by major cereals (paddy, maize, and wheat) is declining over years. However, it is increasing for high-value crops (potato, vegetables, spices/condiments, and fruits). The percentage increase in share of the high-value crops was higher in or adjacent to urbanized districts between 1995 and 2010. The factors positively associated with the agricultural diversification are female-headed households, caste, mother's education, net-buyer status, urban region, remittance, farm size, kitchen garden, improved seeds, telephone and refrigerator. We found positive impact of agricultural diversification towards high-value crops on rural poverty and monthly per capita consumption expenditure. However, for cereal crops grower, we find the negative impact on poverty and monthly per capita consumption expenditure.

Published
2017

185. Agricultural transformation in Sri Lanka: policy implications and way forward

Author

Rao, P. Parthasarathy; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Weerahewa, Jeevika; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8706-2516 Babu, S.; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Rao, P. Parthasarathy; Babu, Suresh Chandra; Weerahewa, Jeevika; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8706-2516 Babu, S.; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1, DGO; PIM; SAO, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM), Sri Lanka continues to experience strong economic growth over the recent years. In the food and agriculture sector, however, there are several conspicuous policy changes that require attentive analysis. Also, since 2008, agriculture growth slowed down due to drought and weak global demand which affected exports and trade. This brief takes stock of key food and agricultural indicators and provides key recommendations to further expedite the transformation of the sector. Sri Lanka has come a long way in terms of agricultural transformation, moving from subsistence- based agrarian economy towards early integration stage. But further progress towards market- oriented industrialized agriculture will crucially depend on the policy, institutional, and technological innovations that are designed and implemented by the Government. The government of Sri Lanka has been pursuing large-scale reconstruction and development projects to achieve higher growth by developing small and medium enterprises and to increase agricultural productivity.

Published
2017

186. Why Punjab needs incentives, not loan waivers

Author

Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Khan, Md. Tajuddin; Kishore, Avinash, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2563 Khan, Md. Tajuddin; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash, Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Khan, Md. Tajuddin; Kishore, Avinash, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2563 Khan, Md. Tajuddin; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5, SAO; ESAO

Published
2017

187. Elements of agriculture value chain financing: A review

Author

Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Roy, Devesh; Sonkar, Vinay Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-8815 Sonkar, Vinay Kumar, Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Roy, Devesh; Sonkar, Vinay Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-8815 Sonkar, Vinay Kumar

Abstract

PR, IFPRI4; CRP4; FIPP, SAO; A4NH; MTID, CGIAR Research Programs on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Published
2017

188. Harnessing the sun for an evergreen revolution: a study of solar-powered irrigation in Bihar, India

Author

Kishore, Avinash; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Pandey, Divya, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0797-7805 Pandey, Divya, Kishore, Avinash; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Pandey, Divya, and http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4625-4922 Kishore, Avinash; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0797-7805 Pandey, Divya

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; ISI; CRP7, ESARO; SAO, CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security (CCAFS)

Published
2017

190. Elements of a National Agricultural Market in India

Author

Roy, Devesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Chandra, Raj, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Roy, Devesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Chandra, Raj, and http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, IFPRI4; IFPRI-ICAR, A4NH; SAO, CGIAR Research Programs on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Published
2017

191. Bringing cheer to agriculture

Author

Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5, SAO

Published
2017

192. Agricultural reforms: Why eastern India needs a Green Revolution

Author

Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Khan, Md. Tajuddin, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2563 Khan, Md. Tajuddin, Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Khan, Md. Tajuddin, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2563 Khan, Md. Tajuddin

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5, SAO

Published
2017

193. To frame a model contract farming law, precondition to make it business-friendly

Author

Roy, Devesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Roy, Devesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4795-7240 Roy, Devesh; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5, SAO; A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH)

Published
2017

194. Financing agriculture value chains in India: Challenges and opportunities

Author

Mani, Gyanendra, ed.; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, ed.; Ashok, M.V., ed., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Mani, Gyanendra, ed.; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, ed.; Ashok, M.V., ed., and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, DCA; IFPRI5; CRP2; 3 Building Inclusive and Efficient Markets, Trade Systems, and Food Industry, SAO; PIM, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM)

Published
2017

195. Formal versus informal: Efficiency, inclusiveness and financing of dairy value chains in Indian Punjab

Author

Birthal, Pratap S.; Chand, Ramesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Saxena, Raka; Rajkhowa, Pallavi; Khan, Md. Tajuddin; Arshad Khan, Mohd.; Chaudhary, Khyali R., http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-5733 Rajkhowa, Pallavi; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2563 Khan, Md. Tajuddin, Birthal, Pratap S.; Chand, Ramesh; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Saxena, Raka; Rajkhowa, Pallavi; Khan, Md. Tajuddin; Arshad Khan, Mohd.; Chaudhary, Khyali R., and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4057-5733 Rajkhowa, Pallavi; http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4797-2563 Khan, Md. Tajuddin

Abstract

PR, IFPRI4; DCA, SAO

Published
2017

196. Sustainable Development Goals: Strengthening rural-urban linkages is the key for India

Author

Fan, Shenggen; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2658-4863 Fan, Shenggen; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Fan, Shenggen; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2658-4863 Fan, Shenggen; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI5, SAO; DGO

Published
2017

197. Household food expenditure, dietary diversity, and child nutrition in Nepal

Author

Thapa, Ganesh; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Thapa, Ganesh; Kumar, Anjani; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Subjects
food expenditure
Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP4; CRP2; Policy Reform Initiative Project (PRIP), SAO; PIM; A4NH, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Programs on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), Using data from the 1995–1996 and 2010–2011 rounds of the Nepal Living Standards Survey, we study the empirical connections between household food expenditure and nutrition outcomes of children below the age of five years using multilevel and dose-response function approaches. We also examine the effects of dietary quality changes on child nutrition improvement between 1995 and 2011 employing Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition. We find that number of food groups consumed, monthly food expenditure, dietary diversity, and the expenditure shares on fruits and vegetables and animal protein have a positive impact on the expected height-for-age Z-scores. The dietary changes explain about 71 percent of the improvement in those scores between 1995 and 2011, underscoring the importance of dietary quantity, dietary diversity, and nutrient-dense food items for child nutrition outcomes.

Published
2017

199. Where to invest to accelerate agricultural growth and poverty reduction

Author

Bathla, Seema; Thorat, Sukhadeo; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Yu, Bingxin, http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Bathla, Seema; Thorat, Sukhadeo; Joshi, Pramod Kumar; Yu, Bingxin, and http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

PR, IFPRI3; IFPRI-ICAR, SAO, 10 pages

Published
2017

200. Food expenditure patterns and dietary diversity in Nepal: Is dietary quality improving?

Author

Kumar, Anjani; Thapa, Ganesh B.; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar, Kumar, Anjani; Thapa, Ganesh B.; Joshi, Pramod Kumar, and http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8920-6598 Kumar, Anjani; http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-1767 Joshi, Pramod Kumar

Abstract

Non-PR, IFPRI1; CRP2; CRP4; B Promoting healthy food systems; Policy Reform Initiative Project (PRIP), A4NH; PIM; SAO, CGIAR Research Program on Policies, Institutions, and Markets (PIM); CGIAR Research Program on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health (A4NH), The paper measures dietary diversity among different income groups in Nepal and identifies the drivers of this diversity as a first step toward addressing the widespread prevalence of nutrient deficiency. The level of diversity in household diets is an indirect measure of dietary quality and the extent to which the nutritional needs of households are being met. However, there is limited understanding of the trends, patterns, and determinants of dietary diversity in Nepal. This study is an attempt to enrich the literature on this issue. Drawing on unit-level data from three rounds (1995, 2004, and 2011) of the Nepal Living Standards Survey (NLSS), we use multilevel modeling, quantile regression, and the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method to decipher the trends, determinants, and drivers of dietary diversity in Nepal. Our study finds that changes in household sociodemographic and agricultural characteristics are very important in explaining the improvement in dietary quality. Changes in household characteristics account for at least 37 percent of the observed improvement, and agriculture-related changes explain at least 16 percent of the observed improvement. Variables positively associated with dietary quality are remittances, social cash transfers, parents’ education, crop diversity, access to markets and paved roads, and ownership of a television and telephone, among others. Our findings are highly robust across the different model specifications. Our study concludes by calling for a multisectoral approach to tackle nutrition issues in Nepal.

Published
2017

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