311 results on '"Jong Shyan Wang"'
Search Results
152. Edema index-guided disease management improves 6-month outcomes of patients with acute heart failure
- Author
-
Min-Hui Liu, Chao-Hung Wang, Jong-Shyan Wang, Chii-Ming Lee, Yu-Yen Huang, Ning-I Yang, Tao-Hsin Tung, Li-Tang Kuo, and Wen-Jin Cherng
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Severity of Illness Index ,law.invention ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Internal medicine ,Edema ,Diabetes mellitus ,Severity of illness ,Electric Impedance ,Medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Heart Failure ,business.industry ,Hazard ratio ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,Surgery ,Heart failure ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Bioelectrical impedance analysis ,Algorithms ,Kidney disease - Abstract
The efficacy of heart failure (HF) management programs is compromised by the challenge of early identification of patients at imminent risk. Segmental multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis can generate an "edema index" (EI) as a surrogate for the body fluid status. In this study, we tested whether integration of EI-guided management improved the 6-month outcomes of HF patients under multidisciplinary care. In total, 159 patients with acute HF were randomized into control, case management (CM), and EI-guided CM (EI) groups (n = 53 in each group). In the EI group, a management algorithm was designed based on the measured EI. The analyzed endpoints included HF-related and all cause-related events during the 6-month follow-up period. In the 6 months, there were 11 (6.9%) deaths, 19 (11.9%) HF-related rehospitalizations, and 45 (28.3%) all-cause-related rehospitalizations. Compared to the control (26.4%) and CM groups (15.1%), the EI group had a lower rate of HF-related death and rehospitalization (3.8%, P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed that EI-guided management was an independent predictor of a lower HF-related event rate (hazard ratio = 0.15, 95%CI = 0.03~0.66, P = 0.012). Patients with a higher pre-discharge EI were older, had lower blood albumin and hemoglobin levels, and had a higher functional class and incidences of diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease. An increase in the pre-discharge EI by 0.001 increased the HF-related event rate by 6% (P = 0.002). Use of EI-guided management lowered this risk (P = 0.03). In conclusion, an EI-based HF management program demonstrated an event-lowering effect superior to traditional nurse-led multidisciplinary care in 6 months after an acute HF episode.
- Published
- 2012
153. Different effects of strenuous exercise and moderate exercise on platelet function in men
- Author
-
Tzuen Ren Hsiue, Li Jen Lin, C J Jen, H I Chen, Jong-Shyan Wang, and H C Kung
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Platelets ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Platelet Aggregation ,Platelet aggregation ,Physical Exertion ,Physical exercise ,Angina Pectoris ,Sudden cardiac death ,Pathogenesis ,Platelet Adhesiveness ,Reference Values ,Physiology (medical) ,Platelet adhesiveness ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Physical Endurance ,Moderate exercise ,Physical therapy ,Cardiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Platelet factor 4 - Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelets play an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. It is also noticed that on one hand, regular exercise can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, and on the other hand, vigorous exercise provokes sudden cardiac death. We therefore hypothesize that various intensities of exercise may affect platelet function differently. METHODS AND RESULTS Strenuous and moderate exercise (about 50% to 55% of peak oxygen consumption, VO2peak) on a bicycle ergometer in 10 sedentary and 10 physically active healthy young men was executed on two separate occasions. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after exercise. A newly designed tapered parallel plate chamber was used to assess platelet adhesiveness. Platelet aggregation induced by ADP was evaluated by the percentage of reduction in single platelet count. beta-Thromboglobulin (beta-TG) and platelet factor 4 (PF4) were measured by ELISA. In addition, a similar study on 5 patients with stable angina were also conducted. Our results showed that (1) in the sedentary healthy group, platelet adhesiveness and aggregation were increased by strenuous exercise and depressed by moderate exercise; (2) in the active healthy group, platelet adhesiveness and aggregation were enhanced by severe exercise, whereas only aggregation was decreased by moderate exercise; (3) in the patients with stable angina, platelet adhesiveness and aggregation were enhanced by strenuous exercise and adhesiveness was suppressed by moderate exercise; (4) the degree of hemoconcentration induced by acute exercise tended to be related to the severity of exercise in all subjects; and (5) although severe exercise elevated beta-TG and PF4, there were no significant changes in beta-TG, PF4, and the ratio of beta-TG to PF4 in healthy subjects after exercise. CONCLUSIONS It is concluded that platelet adhesiveness and aggregability may be sensitized by strenuous exercise in both healthy subjects and patients with stable angina. In contrast, platelet function can be suppressed significantly by moderate exercise in the healthy and tends to be depressed in patients with stable angina. The former may increase the risk of cardiac arrest and the latter may protect us from cardiovascular diseases. In addition, the effects of acute exercise tend to be more pronounced in the sedentary than in the active.
- Published
- 1994
154. A computational modeling and analysis in cell biological dynamics using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Jen-Ming Yang, Shu Jyuan Yang, Jhe-Hao Yang, and Szi-Wen Chen
- Subjects
Computer science ,Dynamics (mechanics) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Biophysics ,Hematocytometer ,Nanotechnology ,General Medicine ,Cell movement ,3T3 Cells ,Biosensing Techniques ,Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing ,Mice ,Wavelet ,Cell Movement ,Electrochemistry ,Electric Impedance ,Impedance sensing ,Animals ,Computer Simulation ,Experimental methods ,Time series ,Biological system ,Biotechnology ,Cell Proliferation - Abstract
In this paper, a study of computational modeling and multi-scale analysis in cell dynamics is presented. Our study aims at: (1) deriving and validating a mathematical model for cell growth, and (2) quantitatively detecting and analyzing the biological interdependencies across multiple observational scales with a variety of time and frequency resolutions. This research was conducted using the time series data practically measured from a novel on-line cell monitoring technique, referred to as electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS), which allows continuously tracking the cellular behavior such as adhesion, proliferation, spreading and micromotion. First, comparing our ECIS-based cellular growth modeling analysis results with those determined by hematocytometer measurement using different time intervals, we found that the results obtained from both experimental methods consistently agreed. However, our study demonstrated that it is much easier and more convenient to operate with the ECIS system for on-line cellular growth monitoring. Secondly, for multi-scale analysis our results showed that the proposed wavelet-based methodology can effectively quantify the fluctuations associated with cell micromotions and quantitatively capture the biological interdependencies across multiple observational scales. Note that although the wavelet method is well known, its application into the ECIS time series analysis is novel and unprecedented in computational cell biology. Our analyses indicated that the proposed study on ECIS time series could provide a hopeful start and great potentials in both modeling and elucidating the complex mechanisms of cell biological systems.
- Published
- 2011
155. Aerobic interval training improves oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral and muscular hemodynamics in patients with heart failure
- Author
-
Shu-Chun Huang, Chih-Chin Hsu, Chao-Hung Wang, Tieh-Cheng Fu, Wen-Jin Cherng, Jong-Shyan Wang, Min-Hui Liu, Cheng-Lin Chiang, and Pay-Shin Lin
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cardiac output ,Hemodynamics ,Interval training ,Oxygen Consumption ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Exercise physiology ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Exercise ,Aged ,Heart Failure ,business.industry ,Brain ,Middle Aged ,Brain natriuretic peptide ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Heart failure ,Breathing ,Cardiology ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Perfusion - Abstract
Background Abnormal ventilatory/hemodynamic responses to exercise contribute to functional impairment in patients with heart failure (HF). This study investigates how interval and continuous exercise regimens influence functional capacity by modulating ventilatory efficiency and hemodynamic function in HF patients. Methods Forty-five HF patients were randomized to perform either aerobic interval training (AIT; 3-minute intervals at 40% and 80% VO 2peak ) or moderate continuous training (MCT; sustained 60% VO 2peak ) for 30min/day, 3days/week for 12weeks, or to a control group that received general healthcare (GHC). A noninvasive bio-reactance device was adopted to measure cardiac hemodynamics, whereas a near-infrared spectroscopy was employed to assess perfusion/O 2 extraction in frontal cerebral lobe (∆[THb] FC /∆[HHb] FC ) and vastus lateralis (∆[THb] VL /∆[HHb] VL ), respectively. Results Following the 12-week intervention, the AIT group exhibited higher oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) and lower V E -VCO 2 slope than the MCT and GHC groups. Furthermore, AIT, but not MCT, boosted cardiac output (CO) and increased ∆[THb] FC , ∆[THb] VL , and ∆[HHb] VL during exercise. In multivariate analyses, CO was the dominant predictor of VO 2peak . ∆[THb] FC and ∆[THb] VL , which modulated the correlation between CO and OUES, were significantly correlated with OUES. Simultaneously, ∆[THb] VL was the only factor significantly associated with V E -VCO 2 slope. Additionally, AIT reduced plasma brain natriuretic peptide, myeloperoxidase, and interleukin-6 levels and increased the Short Form-36 physical/mental component scores and decreased the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire score. Conclusions AIT effectively improves oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral/muscular hemodynamics and suppresses oxidative stress/inflammation associated with cardiac dysfunction, and also promotes generic/disease-specific qualities of life in patients with HF.
- Published
- 2011
156. Downregulation of p57kip² promotes cell invasion via LIMK/cofilin pathway in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells
- Author
-
Shu-Er, Chow, Jong-Shyan, Wang, Ming-Rung, Lin, and Chien Lin, Lee
- Subjects
Cofilin 1 ,Microscopy, Fluorescence ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Down-Regulation ,Humans ,Lim Kinases ,Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ,Neoplasm Invasiveness ,RNA, Small Interfering ,Transfection ,Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 - Abstract
The members of Rho family are well known for their regulation of actin cytoskeleton to control cell migration. The Cip/kip members of cyclin-dependent (CDK) inhibitors have shown to implicate in cell migration and cytoskeletal dynamics. p57(kip2) , a CDK inhibitor, is frequently down-regulated in several malignancy tumors. However, its biological roles in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells remained to be investigated. Here, we found p57(kip2) has nuclear and cytoplasm distributions and depletion of endogenous p57(kip2) did not change the cell-cycle progression. Inhibition of cell proliferation by mitomycin C promoted FBS-mediated cell migration and accompanied with the downregulation of ΔNp63α and p57(kip2), but did not change the level of p27(kip1) , another CDK inhibitor. By using siRNA transfection and cell migration/invasion assays, we found that knockdown of p57(kip2) , but not ΔNp63α, involved in promotion of NPC cell migration and invasion via decrease of phospho-cofilin (p-cofilin). Treatment with Y-27632, a specific ROCK inhibitor, we found that dysregulation of ROCK/cofilin pathway decreased p-cofilin expression and induced cell migration. This change of p-cofilin induced actin remodeling and pronounced increase of membrane protrusions. Further, silence of p57(kip2) not only decreased the interaction between p57(kip2) and LIMK-1 assayed by immunoprecipitation but also reduced the level of phospho-LIMK1/2. Therefore, this study indicated that dysregulation of p57(kip2) promoted cell migration and invasion through modulation of LIMK/cofilin signaling and suggested this induction of inappropriate cell motility might contribute to promoting tumor cell for metastasis.
- Published
- 2011
157. Hypoxic exercise training promotes antitumour cytotoxicity of natural killer cells in young men
- Author
-
Tzu-Pin Weng and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,Granzymes ,Body Mass Index ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Aerobic exercise ,Cytotoxic T cell ,Humans ,Exercise physiology ,Hypoxia ,Exercise ,Cellular Senescence ,Glycoproteins ,Cell Death ,Perforin ,General Medicine ,Hypoxia (medical) ,NKG2D ,Granzyme B ,Killer Cells, Natural ,Regimen ,Phenotype ,Treatment Outcome ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
The cytotoxic functions of NKs (natural killer cells) are critical in enabling the immune system to cope efficiently with malignancy. In the present study, we compared how various exercise regimens without/with hypoxia influence phenotypic characteristics of NK subsets and cytotoxicity of NKs to NPCs (nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells). A total of 60 sedentary males were randomly divided into five groups. Each group (n=12) underwent one of five regimens: normoxic (21% O2) control (N-C), hypoxic (15% O2) control (H-C), normoxic exercise (50% maximal work rate under 21% O2; N-E), hypoxic relative exercise (50% maximal heart rate reserve under 15% O2; H-RE) or hypoxic absolute exercise (50% maximal work rate under 15% O2; H-AE) for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. The results showed that hypoxic exercise regimens increased pulmonary ventilation and tissue oxygen utilization. Moreover, the H-RE regimen resulted in enhanced aerobic fitness at a less intensive training workload in the H-AE regimen. Before each regimen, strenuous exercise elevated NK perforin/granzyme B content and promoted cytotoxicity of NKs to NPCs. However, the percentage of NKs expressing homing (CD11a)/terminally differentiated (CD57)/inhibitory [KLRG1 (killer cell lectin-like receptor G1)] molecules that entered the bloodstream from peripheral tissues increased following this exercise. After 4 weeks, both the H-AE and H-RE regimens produced an up-regulated expression of memory (CD45RO)/activating (NKG2D) molecules and was accompanied by a decrease in CD57/KLRG1 levels on NKs at rest and after strenuous exercise. Furthermore, the two regimens increased resting and exercise NK perforin/granzyme B content and NK-induced phosphatidylserine exposure of NPCs. In contrast, no significant change in the phenotypic characteristics of blood NK subsets or NK-induced NPC apoptosis was observed in the N-C, H-C and N-E regimens. Therefore we conclude that 15% O2 exercise training reduces terminally differentiated NK subsets and up-regulates the expression of activating molecules and cytotoxic granule proteins in NKs, thereby enhancing the capacity of anti-NPC cytotoxicity by NKs. These findings could help to determine effective hypoxic exercise regimens for improving individual aerobic capacity and simultaneously promoting the natural cytotoxicity of NKs.
- Published
- 2011
158. Hypoxic exercise training causes erythrocyte senescence and rheological dysfunction by depressed Gardos channel activity
- Author
-
Li-Lan Fu, Tso-Yen Mao, and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Senescence ,Adult ,Male ,Erythrocytes ,Reticulocytes ,Physiology ,Cell Count ,Cell Separation ,Physiology (medical) ,Erythrocyte Deformability ,Humans ,Hypoxia ,Erythropoietin ,Exercise ,Chemistry ,Erythrocyte Aging ,Hydrogen Peroxide ,Flow Cytometry ,Intermediate-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels ,Oxidative Stress ,Physical Fitness ,Immunology ,Exercise Test ,Sedentary Behavior ,Rheology ,Neuroscience ,Communication channel - Abstract
Despite enhancing cardiopulmonary and muscular fitness, the effect of hypoxic exercise training (HE) on hemorheological regulation remains unclear. This study investigates how HE modulates erythrocyte rheological properties and further explores the underlying mechanisms in the hemorheological alterations. Twenty-four sedentary males were randomly divided into hypoxic (HE; n = 12) and normoxic (NE; n = 12) exercise training groups. The subjects were trained on 60% of maximum work rate under 15% (HE) or 21% (NE) O2condition for 30 min daily, 5 days weekly for 5 wk. The results demonstrated that HE 1) downregulated CD47 and CD147 expressions on erythrocytes, 2) decreased actin and spectrin contents in erythrocytes, 3) reduced erythrocyte deformability under shear flow, and 4) diminished erythrocyte volume changed by hypotonic stress. Treatment of erythrocytes with H2O2that mimicked in vivo prooxidative status resulted in the cell shrinkage, rigidity, and phosphatidylserine exposure, whereas HE enhanced the eryptotic responses to H2O2. However, HE decreased the degrees of clotrimazole to blunt ionomycin-induced shrinkage, rigidity, and cytoskeleton breakdown of erythrocytes, referred to as Gardos effects. Reduced erythrocyte deformability by H2O2was inversely related to the erythrocyte Gardos effect on the rheological function. Conversely, NE intervention did not significantly change resting and exercise erythrocyte rheological properties. Therefore, we conclude that HE rather than NE reduces erythrocyte deformability and volume regulation, accompanied by an increase in the eryptotic response to oxidative stress. Simultaneously, this intervention depresses Gardos channel-modulated erythrocyte rheological functions. Results of this study provide further insight into erythrocyte senescence induced by HE.
- Published
- 2011
159. Different Effects of Interval and Continuous Exercise Regimens on Cerebral and Muscular Hemodynamics in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
- Author
-
Yu‐Wen Chien and Jong‐Shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Hemodynamics ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Heart failure ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Interval (graph theory) ,In patient ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2011
160. Aerobic Interval Exercise Training Improves Ventilatory Efficiency in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure
- Author
-
Tieh-Cheng Fu and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Training (meteorology) ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Heart failure ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Interval (graph theory) ,In patient ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2011
161. Hypoxic Exercise Training Promotes Anti‐tumor Cytotoxicity of Natural Killer Cells
- Author
-
Jong‐Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Antitumor activity ,business.industry ,Genetics ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,business ,Cytotoxicity ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2011
162. Wogonin induced apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by targeting GSK-3β and ΔNp63
- Author
-
Ying-Ling Chang, Sun-Fa Chuang, Shu-Er Chow, and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Cancer Research ,Small interfering RNA ,Cell Survival ,Caspase 3 ,Apoptosis ,macromolecular substances ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ,Wogonin ,Drug Delivery Systems ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Gene Silencing ,Pharmacology ,Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ,Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Tumor Suppressor Proteins ,Carcinoma ,Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ,medicine.disease ,Flow Cytometry ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ,Oncology ,chemistry ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,Cell culture ,Flavanones ,Cancer research ,Carcinogenesis ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Wogonin, a plant flavonoid, has antitumor activity in various cancers. Dysregulation of GSK-3β has been implicated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the antitumor activity and the mechanistic action of wogonin in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. The effects of wogonin on the cell survival and apoptosis in NPC cells were investigated by MTS assay, flow cytometry, and PARP cleavage assays. Pharmacological inhibitors (BIO, LiCl, and OA), or small interfering RNA (siRNA) were used to address the expression status of GSK-3β and the anticancer effect of ΔNp63 in NPC cells. Wogonin was shown to induce dose-dependent cell apoptosis due to the induction of sub-G1-phase cells, PARP cleavage, and downregulation of ΔNp63, a survival factor in NPC cells. Strikingly, the apoptotic effect of wogonin involved GSK-3β inactivation via prominent inhibition of phosphorylation at Tyr216 and slightly increment of phosphorylation at Ser9, while there is no change in total GSK-3β proteins. Dysregulation of GSK-3β caused cell apoptosis was confirmed by pharmacological inhibitors (lithium chloroid, LiCl, and 6-bro-moindirubin-3-oxime, BIO). Administration of okadaic acid (OA, a protein phosphatase inhibitor) that significantly inactivated GSK-3β also induced ΔNp63 downregulation and apoptosis. Targeted silencing of ΔNp63 repressed the phosphorylation of GSK-3β at Tyr216 and sensitized NPC cells to wogonin-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, GSK-3β or PP2A inhibitors enhanced wogonin-induced apoptosis via activation of caspase 3/7. These results indicate that GSK-3β, as well as ΔNp63, are novel targets for wogonin action and suggest that wogonin might provide a potential therapeutic option in NPC. Further in vitro and in vivo studies will help to clarify the therapeutic role of wogonin in NPC.
- Published
- 2010
163. Hypoxic exercise training reduces senescent T-lymphocyte subsets in blood
- Author
-
Tzu-Pin Weng, Jong-Shyan Wang, and Wan-Ling Chen
- Subjects
Senescence ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aging ,CD3 Complex ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Lymphocyte ,Immunology ,CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ,medicine.disease_cause ,Behavioral Neuroscience ,Interferon-gamma ,Young Adult ,Immune system ,Catecholamines ,Th2 Cells ,Memory ,T-Lymphocyte Subsets ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Lymphocyte Count ,Exercise physiology ,Hypoxia ,Exercise ,Peroxidase ,Membrane Glycoproteins ,biology ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,business.industry ,Interleukin-6 ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Th1 Cells ,CD4 Lymphocyte Count ,Cytokine ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Phenotype ,Physical Fitness ,Myeloperoxidase ,biology.protein ,Exercise Test ,Interleukin-4 ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
The integration and control of systemic immune responses depends on the regulated trafficking of T-lymphocytes. This study elucidates how various exercises regimens with/without hypoxia affect phenotypic characteristics of T-lymphocyte subsets in blood. Fifty sedentary males were randomly divided into five groups. Each group (n=10) received one of five interventions: normoxic (21%O₂) resting (N-C), hypoxic (15%O₂) resting (H-C), normoxic exercise (50%W(max) under 21%O₂, N-T), hypoxic-relative exercise (50% maximal heart rate reserve under 15%O₂, H-RT), or hypoxic-absolute exercise (50%W(max) under 15%O₂, H-AT) for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Before the intervention, strenuous exercise up to exhaustion increased the mobilization of CD3, CD4, CD8, or CD8(bright) lymphocytes expressing activated (CD11a) or senescent (KLRG1) molecules into the peripheral blood compartment. The H-AT for 4 weeks up-regulated co-stimulatory molecule CD28 expression and was accompanied by depressed KLRG1 level on CD3, CD4, CD8, or CD8(bright) lymphocytes at rest or following exercise. Simultaneously, this intervention increased interferon-γ (IFN-γ) level and unchanged interleukin-4 level, as well as, decreased myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin-6 levels in plasma. However, no significant changes in resting and exercise-induced mobilizations of various T-lymphocyte subsets and productions of cytokines and MPO occurred following the N-C, H-C, N-T, and H-RT interventions. Therefore, we conclude that 4-week H-AT intervention reduced senescent T-lymphocyte subsets with increasing IFN-γ level in blood, which responses are accompanied by depressed oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. These findings can help to determine an effective hypoxic exercise regimen to minimize immune dysfunction by retarding T-lymphocyte senescence.
- Published
- 2010
164. Effects of normoxic and hypoxic exercise regimens on cardiac, muscular, and cerebral hemodynamics suppressed by severe hypoxia in humans
- Author
-
Tieh-Cheng Fu, Tso-Yen Mao, Jong-Shyan Wang, Min-Huan Wu, and Chih-Chin Hsu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Physiology ,Central nervous system ,Hemodynamics ,Physical exercise ,Severe hypoxia ,Young Adult ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,Humans ,Exercise physiology ,Hypoxia ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Cerebrum ,Exercise ,business.industry ,Heart ,Stroke Volume ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Cardiovascular physiology ,Oxygen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebral hemodynamics ,Anesthesia ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Pulmonary Ventilation - Abstract
Hypoxic preconditioning prevents cerebrovascular/cardiovascular disorders by increasing resistance to acute ischemic stress, but severe hypoxic exposure disturbs vascular hemodynamics. This study compared how various exercise regimens with/without hypoxia affect hemodynamics and oxygenation in cardiac, muscle, and cerebral tissues during severe hypoxic exposure. Sixty sedentary males were randomly divided into five groups. Each group ( n = 12) received one of five interventions: 1) normoxic (21% O2) resting control, 2) hypoxic (15% O2) resting control, 3) normoxic exercise (50% maximum work rate under 21% O2; N-E group), 4) hypoxic-relative exercise (50% maximal heart rate reserve under 15% O2; H-RE group), or 5) hypoxic-absolute exercise (50% maximum work rate under 15% O2; H-AE group) for 30 min/day, 5 days/wk, for 4 wk. A recently developed noninvasive bioreactance device was used to measure cardiac hemodynamics, and near-infrared spectroscopy was used to assess perfusion and oxygenation in the vastus lateralis (VL)/gastrocnemius (GN) muscles and frontal cerebral lobe (FC). Our results demonstrated that the H-AE group had a larger improvement in aerobic capacity compared with the N-E group. Both H-RE and H-AE ameliorated the suppression of cardiac stroke volume and the GN hyperemic response (Δtotal Hb/min) and reoxygenation rate by acute 12% O2exposure. Simultaneously, the two hypoxic interventions enhanced perfusion (Δtotal Hb) and O2extraction [ΔdeoxyHb] of the VL muscle during the 12% O2exercise. Although acute 12% O2exercise decreased oxygenation (ΔO2Hb) of the FC, none of the 4-wk interventions influenced the cerebral perfusion and oxygenation during normoxic/hypoxic exercise tests. Therefore, we conclude that moderate hypoxic exercise training improves cardiopulmonary fitness and increases resistance to disturbance of cardiac hemodynamics by severe hypoxia, concurrence with enhancing O2delivery/utilization in skeletal muscles but not cerebral tissues.
- Published
- 2010
165. Systemic hypoxia promotes the mobilization of senescent CD8+ T lymphocytes into the peripheral blood compartment during moderate‐intensity exercise
- Author
-
Tzu‐Pin Weng and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Mobilization ,business.industry ,Systemic hypoxia ,Compartment (chemistry) ,Biochemistry ,Peripheral blood ,Intensity (physics) ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,business ,Molecular Biology ,CD8 ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2010
166. Effects of Negative Pressure on Cell‐Cell Junctions and Cell Migration
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Yun‐Mei Lu, and Chih-Chin Hsu
- Subjects
medicine.anatomical_structure ,Chemistry ,Cell ,Genetics ,medicine ,Cell migration ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Cell junction ,Biotechnology ,Cell biology - Published
- 2010
167. Hypoxic exercise training elicits the mobilization of hematopoietic progenitor cells and endothelial precursor cells into the peripheral blood compartment in healthy men
- Author
-
Mei‐Yi Lee and Jong‐Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Mobilization ,business.industry ,Precursor cell ,Genetics ,Hematopoietic progenitor cells ,Medicine ,Compartment (chemistry) ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Peripheral blood ,Biotechnology ,Cell biology - Published
- 2010
168. Strenuous Exercise Enhances Thrombin Generation Induced by Platelet‐derived Microparticles
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang and Yu-Wen Chen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Strenuous exercise ,Genetics ,medicine ,Platelet ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Thrombin generation ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2010
169. Hypoxic Exercise Training Improved Gardos Channel‐Mediated Erythrocyte Deformability
- Author
-
Li-Lan Fu, Jong-Shyan Wang, and Tso-Yen Mao
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Genetics ,Biophysics ,Erythrocyte deformability ,Channel (broadcasting) ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2010
170. Involvement of MAPKs and NF-kappaB in tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts
- Author
-
Li-Der Hsiao, Jong-Shyan Wang, Chuen-Mao Yang, Shue-Fen Luo, Chi-Chuan Wu, Pei-Ling Chi, Chih-Chung Lin, Hsi-Lung Hsieh, and Rou-Yi Fang
- Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway ,Immunology ,Gene Expression ,Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ,Translocation, Genetic ,Small hairpin RNA ,Arthritis, Rheumatoid ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Rheumatology ,Western blot ,medicine ,Cell Adhesion ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Gene Silencing ,Lymphocytes ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,Cells, Cultured ,Hip surgery ,Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Cell adhesion molecule ,business.industry ,Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ,Synovial Membrane ,NF-kappa B p50 Subunit ,Fibroblasts ,Up-Regulation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Gene Knockdown Techniques ,Cancer research ,Tumor necrosis factor alpha ,RNA Interference ,Synovial membrane ,Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,business ,Helenalin - Abstract
Objective To investigate the roles of MAPKs and NF-κB in tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα)–induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). Methods Human RASFs were isolated from synovial tissue obtained from patients with RA who underwent knee or hip surgery. The involvement of MAPKs and NF-κB in TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression was investigated using pharmacologic inhibitors and transfection with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and measured using Western blot, reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction, and gene promoter assay. NF-κB translocation was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The functional activity of VCAM-1 was evaluated by lymphocyte adhesion assay. Results TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression, phosphorylation of p42/p44 MAPK, p38 MAPK, and JNK, and translocation of NF-κB were attenuated by the inhibitors of MEK-1/2 (U0126), p38 (SB202190), JNK (SP600125), and NF-κB (helenalin) or by transfection with their respective shRNA. TNFα-stimulated translocation of NF-κB into the nucleus and NF-κB promoter activity were blocked by Bay11-7082, but not by U0126, SB202190, or SP600125. VCAM-1 promoter activity was enhanced by TNFα in RASFs transfected with VCAM-1-Luc, and this promoter activity was inhibited by Bay11-7082, U0126, SB202190, and SP600125. Moreover, up-regulation of VCAM-1 increased the adhesion of lymphocytes to the RASF monolayer, and this adhesion was attenuated by pretreatment with helenalin, U0126, SP600125, or SB202190 prior to exposure to TNFα or by anti–VCAM-1 antibody before the addition of lymphocytes. Conclusion In RASFs, TNFα-induced VCAM-1 expression is mediated through activation of the p42/p44 MAPK, p38 MAPK, JNK, and NF-κB pathways. These results provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying cytokine-initiated joint inflammation in RA and may inspire new targeted therapeutic approaches.
- Published
- 2009
171. Systemic hypoxia affects exercise-mediated antitumor cytotoxicity of natural killer cells
- Author
-
Chia-Kuan Wu and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ,Male ,Physiology ,Systemic hypoxia ,Physical activity ,Cell Separation ,Biology ,Granzymes ,Natural killer cell ,Cell Line ,Interferon-gamma ,Oxygen Consumption ,Antigens, CD ,Physiology (medical) ,Carcinoma Cell ,medicine ,Humans ,Lactic Acid ,Cytotoxicity ,Hypoxia ,Exercise ,Cells, Cultured ,Analysis of Variance ,Perforin ,Cancer ,Hypoxia (medical) ,medicine.disease ,Flow Cytometry ,Killer Cells, Natural ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Apoptosis ,Immunology ,Cancer research ,medicine.symptom - Abstract
Natural killer cells (NKs) are important to the clearance of transformed cells. This investigation elucidates how systemic hypoxia influences mobilization of the NK subsets and cytotoxicity of NKs to nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NPCs) during exercise. Sixteen sedentary men performed six distinct experimental tests in an air-conditioned normobaric hypoxia chamber: high-intensity exercise [HE; up to maximal O2 consumption (V̇o2 max)] under 21% O2; moderate-intensity exercise (ME; 50% V̇o2 max for 30 min) under 12%, 15%, and 21% O2; and breathing 12% and 15% O2 for 30 min at rest. The results demonstrated that 21% O2 HE, but not ME, increased cellular perforin/granzyme B/interferon-γ levels in NKs and interferon-γ concentration in NK-NPC coincubation, and also promoted capacity of NKs to bind to NPCs and NK-induced CD95 expression and phosphatidylserine exposure of NPCs. However, the HE simultaneously increased percentages of the replicative senescent (CD57+ and CD28−) NKs and the NKs with inhibitory receptors (KLRG1+) that entered the bloodstream from peripheral tissues. Breathing 12% and 15% O2 at rest did not influence mobilization of NK subsets and cytotoxicity of NKs to NPCs. Although both 12% and 15% O2 ME increased NK count, perforin/granzyme B/interferon-γ levels, NK-NPC binding, and NK-induced CD95 expression and apoptosis of NPC, only 12% O2 ME increased percentages of the NKs with CD57+/CD28−/KLRG1+ in blood. Therefore, we conclude that systemic hypoxic exposure affects redistribution of NK subsets and anti-NPC cytotoxicity of NKs during exercise in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, exposure to 12% O2 promotes the NK cytotoxicity with mobilizing the replicative senescent/inhibitory NKs into the bloodstream during ME.
- Published
- 2009
172. Strenuous exercise promotes shear-induced thrombin generation by increasing the shedding of procoagulant microparticles from platelets
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Jan-Kan Chen, and Yu-Wen Chen
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Strenuous exercise ,Taiwan ,Physical exercise ,Phosphatidylserines ,Thrombin generation ,Flow cytometry ,Thromboplastin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Young Adult ,Thrombin ,Cell-Derived Microparticles ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Blood Coagulation ,Exercise ,Factor VIII ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Platelet Count ,Factor V ,Thrombosis ,Hematology ,Phosphatidylserine ,Flow Cytometry ,Endocrinology ,Factor Va ,Immunology ,Exercise Test ,Blood Coagulation Tests ,Stress, Mechanical ,Sedentary Behavior ,Ex vivo ,medicine.drug - Abstract
SummaryVigorous exercise increases the risk of vascular thrombotic events. Shear stress enhances the shedding of procoagulant microparticles from platelets, and triggers thrombin generation (TG) in blood. This study explicates the manner in which strenuous exercise affects platelet- derived microparticles (PDMP) release and PDMP-mediated TG under various physio-pathological shear flows. Twenty-four sedentary healthy men performed a graded exercise test (up to VO2max) on a bicycle ergometer. At rest, immediately after and 2 hours after exercise, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was exposed in a cone-and-plate viscometer to imitate static (0 dyne/cm2), physiological low (LS, 10 dyne/cm2) and pathological high (HS, 100 dyne/cm2) shear stresses ex vivo. The PDMP characteristics and dynamic TG were measured by two-colour flow cytometry and calibrated, automatic thrombinography, respectively. The results demonstrated that there is an increased level of total PDMP to- gether with elevated peak height and rate of TG in PRP in response to both LS and HS conditions. Furthermore, HS, but not LS, promoted the binding of FV/Va or FVIII and the exposure of phosphatidylserine (PS) on platelets. Application of HS after strenuous exercise increased the factor (F)V/Va-/FVIII-/tissue factor-rich and PS-exposing PDMP counts, enhanced the PDMP-promoted peak height and rate of TG, as well as increased the ability of FV/Va or FVIII to bind to PDMP or platelets. However, the enhancement of HS-induced procoagulant activity reversed to the pre-exercise status 2 hours following this exercise. Therefore, we conclude that strenuous exercise modestly contributes to the acceleration of shear-induced TG by increasing the release of procoagulant microparticles from platelets.
- Published
- 2009
173. Accuracy of body mass index to determine obesity in women with breast cancer: an observational study of Taiwanese sample
- Author
-
Li-Ni Liu, Shin-Cheh Chen, Jong-Shyan Wang, Mei-Ling Chen, and Christine Miaskowski
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Body volume index ,business.industry ,Obstetrics ,Breast surgery ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Taiwan ,Breast Neoplasms ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Body fat percentage ,Obesity ,Surgery ,Body Mass Index ,Breast cancer ,Classification of obesity ,medicine ,Humans ,Female ,business ,Bioelectrical impedance analysis ,Body mass index ,General Nursing - Abstract
Obesity is common in women with breast cancer. The risk of obesity-induced metabolic syndrome is higher in Asians than in Caucasians. Excessive body fat accumulation has been associated with a worse prognosis. However, the most popular clinical indicator of obesity is not fat itself, but body mass index (BMI).The purposes of this study were to determine the consistency of BMI and body fat percentage (BF%) in determining obesity and to identify the best BMI cutoffs for identifying obesity in Taiwanese women with breast cancer.Body fat and fat-free mass were measured by bioelectrical impedance 1 day before breast surgery for 200 women with breast cancer. BMI was calculated as weight (in kilograms) divided by height (in meters) squared.BMI and BF% were highly correlated (r=0.91; p0.001). However, BMI exhibited poor sensitivity for identifying obesity (47%). The sensitivity of BMI to detect obesity was better in women over age 60. The best BMI cutoff for obesity was 22.3 kg/m2 with a sensitivity and specificity of 89% (95% CI=83-94%) and 87% (95% CI=77-93%) respectively, and the total accuracy rate improved from 65% to 89%.Using BMI to identify obesity in Taiwanese women with breast cancer requires careful attention to the diagnostic criterion chosen. The World Health Organization criterion tends to underestimate the prevalence of obesity, especially for younger women with breast cancer (under age 40).
- Published
- 2009
174. Systemic hypoxia enhances exercise-mediated bactericidal and subsequent apoptotic responses in human neutrophils
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang and Ya-Ting Chiu
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Blood Bactericidal Activity ,Time Factors ,Physiology ,Neutrophils ,Neutrophile ,Phagocytosis ,Systemic hypoxia ,Macrophage-1 Antigen ,Apoptosis ,Phosphatidylserines ,Biology ,Young Adult ,Onium Compounds ,Oxygen Consumption ,Physiology (medical) ,medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Humans ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,L-Selectin ,Hypoxia ,Exercise ,Receptor, Anaphylatoxin C5a ,Respiratory Burst ,Complement C5a, des-Arginine ,Caspase 3 ,Complement C4a ,NADPH Oxidases ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Lymphocyte Function-Associated Antigen-1 ,Respiratory burst ,Receptors, Complement ,Enzyme Activation ,Immunology ,Complement C3a ,medicine.symptom ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Phagocytosis and oxidative burst are critical host defense mechanisms in which neutrophils clear invading pathogens. Clearing phagocytic neutrophils by triggering apoptosis is an essential process for controlling inflammation. This study elucidates how various exercise bouts with/without hypoxia affected neutrophil bactericidal activity and subsequent apoptosis in humans. Fifteen sedentary males performed six distinct experimental tests in an air-conditioned normobaric hypoxia chamber: two normoxic exercises [strenuous exercise (SE; up to maximal O2consumption) and moderate exercise (ME; 50% maximal O2consumption for 30 min) while exposed to 21% O2], two hypoxic exercises (ME for 30 min while exposed to 12% and 15% O2), and two hypoxic exposures (resting for 30 min while exposed to 12% and 15% O2). The results showed that 1) plasma complement-C3a desArg/C4a desArg/C5a concentrations were increased, 2) expressions of L-selectin/lymphocyte functin-associated antigen-1/Mac-1/C5aR on neutrophils were enhanced, 3) phagocytosis of neutrophils to Esherichia coli and release of neutrophil oxidant products by E. coli were elevated, and 4) E. coli -induced phosphotidylserine exposure or caspase-3 activation of neutrophils were promoted immediately and 2 h after both 12% O2exposure at rest and with ME as well as normoxic SE. Although neither normoxic ME nor breathing 15% O2at rest influenced these complement- and neutrophil-related immune responses, ME at both 12% and 15% O2resulted in enhanced complement activation in the blood, expressions of opsonic/complement receptors on neutrophils, or the bactericidal activity and apoptosis of neutrophils. Moreover, the increased neutrophil oxidant production and apoptosis by normoxic SE and hypoxic ME were ameliorated by treating neutrophils with diphenylene iodonium (a NADPH oxidase inhibitor). Therefore, we conclude that ME at 12–15% O2enhances bactericidal capacity and facilitates the subsequent apoptosis of neutrophils.
- Published
- 2009
175. Hypoxic Exercise Training Suppresses Oxidative Stress‐induced Lymphocyte Apoptosis
- Author
-
Wan-Ling Chen and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
business.industry ,Genetics ,medicine ,Lymphocyte apoptosis ,Pharmacology ,medicine.disease_cause ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Oxidative stress ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2009
176. Moderate Hypoxic Exercise Training Diminishes Suppression of Cardiac Performance by Severe Hypoxic Exposure
- Author
-
Tso-Yen Mao and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Training (meteorology) ,Cardiology ,Hypoxic exposure ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2009
177. Hypoxic Exercise Training Enhances Vascular Hemodynamics and Oxygen Utilization in Skeletal Muscles
- Author
-
Jong‐Shyan Wang and Min‐Huan Wu
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Apparent oxygen utilisation ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,business ,Vascular hemodynamics ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2009
178. Effects of hypoxic exercise training on exercise‐induced thrombin generation
- Author
-
Yu-Wen Chen, Jan-Kan Chen, and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Thrombin generation ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2009
179. Systemic hypoxia affects cardiac autonomic activity and vascular hemodynamic control modulated by physical stimulation
- Author
-
Shu-Chun Huang, May-Kuen Wong, and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Supine position ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Hemodynamics ,Motor Activity ,Autonomic Nervous System ,Cardiovascular System ,Young Adult ,Heart Rate ,Physiology (medical) ,Physical Stimulation ,Heart rate ,Valsalva maneuver ,medicine ,Plethysmograph ,Heart rate variability ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Hypoxia ,Reactive hyperemia ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Heart ,General Medicine ,Oxygen ,Blood pressure ,Anesthesia ,Exercise Test ,business - Abstract
This study investigates how various hypoxic interventions affect cardiac autonomic activity and hemodynamic control during posture change and the Valsalva maneuver. Ten healthy sedentary men exposed to 12, 15 and 21% O(2) for 1 h in a normobaric hypoxia chamber in a random order. Before and after various O(2) concentrations were administered, subjects performed the sit-up test and Valsalva maneuver, respectively. An impedance plethysmography was utilized to measure blood pressure (BP) and vascular hemodynamics, whereas spectral analysis of heart rate variability (HRV) was performed to determine cardiac autonomic activity. Analytical results can be summarized as follows: while the patient rests in a supine position, exposure to 12% O(2) reduces the ratio of lower to upper extremity systolic BP, which is accompanied by (1) suppressed arterial reactive hyperemia and increased venous flow resistance, as well as (2) decreased total power and high frequency (HF) and increased low frequency (LF) and the ratio of LF to HF. Moreover, the hypoxia-induced changes of time and frequency domains in HRV at resting supine disappear following the sit-up test, whereas this hypoxic exposure attenuates the BP and heart rate responses to the Valsalva maneuver. Conversely, resting and physical stimuli-mediated HRV and vascular hemodynamic values are unaltered by both 15 and 21% O(2) exposures. We conclude that acute hypoxic exposure affects cardiovascular autonomic functions, with reactions determined by the intervening O(2) concentrations. Moreover, the BP and cardiac autonomic responses to 12% O(2), but not 15% O(2), exposure are depressed while performing posture change and the Valsalva maneuver.
- Published
- 2009
180. Exercise affects platelet-impeded antitumor cytotoxicity of natural killer cell
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Yee Chung, and Shu-Er Chow
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Platelets ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Physical exercise ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Apoptosis ,Motor Activity ,Natural killer cell ,Oxygen Consumption ,Internal medicine ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Platelet activation ,Cytotoxicity ,Exercise Tolerance ,biology ,Chemistry ,Cytotoxins ,Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ,medicine.disease ,Bicycling ,Granzyme B ,Killer Cells, Natural ,stomatognathic diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Perforin ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,Immunology ,biology.protein ,Exercise Test - Abstract
Purpose: Natural killer cells (NK) induce the death of tumor cells by perforin/granzyme-mediated cytotoxicity, whereas platelets reduce the capacity of NK to destroy tumor cells. Physical exercise affects both immune function and platelet activity because responses depend on type, intensity, and duration of exercise. This investigation explores how various exercise regimens influence platelet-impeded cytotoxicity of NK to nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NPC). Methods: Thirty sedentary men performed on three occasions moderate exercise (60% V[spacing dot above]O2max for 40 min), severe exercise (up to V[spacing dot above]O2max), and severe exercise after warm-up exercise (60% V[spacing dot above]O2max for 20 min). NK count and perforin/granzyme B contents, NK-NPC binding, and NK-induced NPC apoptosis were measured using a flow cytometer, whereas NK-induced NPC detachment from collagen-coated surface was determined using an electrical cell-substrate impedance sensing. Results: Severe exercise enhanced NK-induced NPC caspase-3 activation, phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure, DNA fragmentation, and detachment and was accompanied by increased NK count and perforin/granzyme B contents (P < 0.05). Moreover, severe exercise simultaneously promoted the suppression of platelet to NK-NPC binding and NK-induced NPC caspase-3 and -8 activations, PS exposure, DNA fragmentation, and detachment (P < 0.05). However, warm-up exercise pretreatment diminished the effects of severe exercise in platelet-impeded NK-NPC binding and NK-induced NPC apoptosis. Although moderate exercise also suppressed platelet-impeded NK-NPC interaction (P < 0.05), no significant changes occurred in NK count and perforin/granzyme B contents after this exercise. Conclusions: Severe exercise enhances the cytotoxicity of NK to NPC and simultaneously promotes the platelet-impeded apoptosis of NPC induced by NK. However, warm-up exercise reduces the resistance of platelet to NK-NPC interaction, increasing the efficiency of anti-NPC cytotoxicity by NK after severe exercise
- Published
- 2008
181. Vitamin E suppresses enhancement of factor VIII-dependent thrombin generation by systemic hypoxia
- Author
-
Mei-Ling Cheng, Jong-Shyan Wang, Huang-Chun Liu, Hsiu-Chuan Yen, and Bih-Show Lou
- Subjects
Vitamin ,Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Endogeny ,Isoprostanes ,Placebo ,Antioxidants ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Thrombin ,Oxygen Consumption ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Vitamin E ,Tocopherol ,Hypoxia ,Incubation ,Blood Coagulation ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Factor VIII ,business.industry ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Oxidative Stress ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Creatinine ,Neurology (clinical) ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background and Purpose— Increased thrombin activity is an essential component of hemostatic reactions. This study elucidates how various hypoxic interventions impact endogenous thrombin generation (TG) after treatment with/without lipophilic antioxidant vitamin E. Methods— Twenty-four healthy sedentary men were randomly assigned to vitamin E (n=12) and placebo (n=12) groups. These subjects were randomly exposed to 12% (severe hypoxia), 15% (moderate hypoxia), 18% (light hypoxia), and 21% (normoxia) O 2 for 2 hours in a normobaric hypoxia chamber. A novel calibrated, automated thrombinography approach was used to measure TG in plasma. Results— In the placebo group, severe hypoxia enhanced plasma FVIII level/activity and TG, which was accompanied by increased urinary 15-F2t-8-isoprostane level and decreased plasma total antioxidant content and superoxide dismutase activity. However, depletion of FVIII by incubation with anti-FVIII antibodies in plasma suppressed enhancement of TG by severe hypoxia. After administration of 1000 IU vitamin E, severe hypoxia did not significantly alter urinary 15-F 2t -8-isoprostane level and plasma total antioxidant content, superoxide dismutase activity, FVIII level/activity, or TG. Moreover, redox status, FVIII level/activity, and TG were constant in response to moderate hypoxia, light hypoxia, and normoxia in the placebo and vitamin E groups. Conclusion— We conclude that severe hypoxia promotes FVIII-dependent TG, likely by elevating oxidative stress; this hypoxic effect was ameliorated by pretreatment with vitamin E.
- Published
- 2008
182. Exercise affects platelet-promoted tumor cell adhesion and invasion to endothelium
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Yu-Wen Chen, and Jan-Kan Chen
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,Male ,Endothelium ,Platelet Aggregation ,Physiology ,Strenuous exercise ,Physical Exertion ,Physical activity ,Constriction, Pathologic ,Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex ,Cleavage (embryo) ,Young Adult ,Platelet Adhesiveness ,Physiology (medical) ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Cell Adhesion ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Platelet ,Exercise ,Tumor cell adhesion ,biology ,Chemistry ,Platelet Count ,CD44 ,Carcinoma ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Endothelial Cells ,Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ,General Medicine ,Molecular biology ,P-Selectin ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hyaluronan Receptors ,Immunology ,Moderate exercise ,biology.protein ,Endothelium, Vascular ,Shear Strength ,Blood Flow Velocity - Abstract
This investigation explored how exercise intensity impacts platelet-mediated interactions of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (NPCs) and vascular endothelial cells (ECs) under shear flow in 33 males. Our results showed that (a) platelet–NPC aggregates (PNA) were associated with higher shear-induced P-selectin expression and glycoprotein αIIβ3 activation than platelet–platelet aggregates (PPA); (b) strenuous exercise (SE, up to $$ \dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{ \max }}} $$ ), but not moderate exercise (ME, 60% $$ \dot{V}{\text{O}}_{{2{ \max }}} $$ for 30 min), increased both PPA and PNA in mimicked venous and arterial circuits and enhanced PNA in mimicked flow of stenotic vessels; (c) the percentages of PNA that remained bound to ECs in mimicked flow of post-capillary venules increased, while platelet-induced CD44 cleavage on NPC and trans-endothelial migration of NPC were enhanced following SE, but were unchanged in response to ME. We conclude that SE, but not ME, enhances the capacity of PNA to adhere to ECs, withstand flowing blood, and facilitate the invasion of NPCs toward ECs.
- Published
- 2008
183. Exercise Combined with Hypoxia Enhances Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst of Neutrophils to E.coli
- Author
-
ya-ting chou and Jong-shyan Wang
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Phagocytosis ,Genetics ,medicine ,Hypoxia (medical) ,medicine.symptom ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology ,Cell biology ,Respiratory burst - Published
- 2008
184. Vitamin E Suppresses the Enhancement of Phagocytosis and Oxidative Burst of Neutrophil to E.coli by Systemic Hypoxia
- Author
-
Huang-Chun Liu and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Chemistry ,Phagocytosis ,Vitamin E ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Systemic hypoxia ,Genetics ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology ,Microbiology ,Respiratory burst - Published
- 2008
185. Exercise Combined with Hypoxia Modulates Cytotoxicity of Natural Killer Cells to Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
- Author
-
Chia-Kuan Wu and Jong-shyan Wang
- Subjects
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Genetics ,medicine ,Hypoxia (medical) ,medicine.symptom ,medicine.disease ,Cytotoxicity ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2008
186. Severe Hypoxia Enhances Lymphocyte Apoptosis Induced by Oxidative Stress during Moderate Exercise
- Author
-
Chia-Te Lin and Jong-shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Programmed cell death ,business.industry ,Lymphocyte ,Caspase 3 ,Phosphatidylserine ,Hypoxia (medical) ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Endocrinology ,Immune system ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Oxidative stress ,Intracellular ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Background and Purpose: Either exercise or hypoxia is linked with intensity-dependent immune response. Intracellular redox status is important in programmed cell death by modulating permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes and the release of pro-apoptotic factors. This study investigated how exercise combined with hypoxia affects lymphocyte apoptosis induced by oxidative stress and its underlying mechanism. Methods: Healthy sedentary healthy young men engaged six conditions in a normobaric hypoxia chamber for 1 hour: two normoxic exercise [i.e., strenuous exercise (SE, up to VO2max) and moderate exercise (ME, 50%VO2max) in 21% O2], two hypoxic exercise (i.e., ME in 12% and 15% O2), and two hypoxic conditions (i.e., 12% and 15% O2). Before, immediately, and 2 hours following various interventions, basal and H2O2-induced phosphatidylserine (PS) exposed, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MTP), and caspase 3, 8, and 9 activations of lymphocytes were measured using flow cytometry. Primary Results: In normoxic condition, SE, but not ME, enhanced H2O2-induced PS exposure of lymphocyte, which enhancement was accompanied by diminished MTP and increased active caspase 3, 8, and 9 levels. Although ME combined with 12% O2 intervention also promoted PS exposure and caspase 3, 8, or 9 activation induced by H2O2, there was not significant change in H2O2-induced lymphocyte PS exposure, MTP loss, or caspase activation following ME combined with 15% O2 intervention. Clinical Relevance: this study will clarify the relationships between exercise combined with hypoxia and lymphocyte apoptosis to prevent individuals from acquired immune deficient when undergoes exercise with hypoxic conditions.
- Published
- 2008
187. Cyclosporine increases ischemia-induced endothelial progenitor cell mobilization through manipulation of the CD26 system
- Author
-
Chao-Hung Wang, Jong-Shyan Wang, Yii-Jenq Lan, Wen-Jin Cherng, Chi-Hsiao Yeh, Chia-Ming Hsu, Subodh Verma, and Ning-I Yang
- Subjects
Male ,Physiology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ,Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ,Neovascularization, Physiologic ,Pharmacology ,Endothelial progenitor cell ,Mice ,Ischemia ,Physiology (medical) ,Precursor cell ,Cyclosporin a ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Progenitor cell ,Cells, Cultured ,Bone Marrow Transplantation ,Microscopy, Confocal ,business.industry ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,Stem Cells ,Endothelial Cells ,Flow Cytometry ,Matrix Metalloproteinases ,Hindlimb ,Transplantation ,Endothelial stem cell ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Cytokine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunology ,cardiovascular system ,Cyclosporine ,Cytokines ,Bone marrow ,business ,Immunosuppressive Agents - Abstract
Cyclosporin A (CsA) improves the success rate of transplantation. The CD26/dipeptidylpeptidase IV (DPP IV) system plays a critical role in mobilizing endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) from bone marrow. This study investigated whether CsA manipulates CD26/DPP IV activity and increases EPC mobilization. C57BL/6 mice were divided into control and CsA-treated groups. Before and after hindlimb ischemia was induced, circulating EPC number and serum levels of different cytokines were measured. Compared with the controls, CsA treatment significantly increased the blood levels of stroma-derived factor-1α and stem cell factor after ischemic stress ( P < 0.001). The CsA group displayed a significant increase in the number of circulating EPCs (sca-1+KDR+ and c-kit+CD31+ EPCs, both P < 0.05). In vivo, CsA caused a significant increase in the numbers of EPCs incorporated into the Matrigel and ischemic limbs ( P < 0.05). In the peripheral blood, CsA significantly decreased CD26+ cell numbers and attenuated the plasma CD26/DPP IV activity ( P < 0.001). Furthermore, short-term CsA treatment significantly improved the perfusion of ischemic limbs and decreased the spontaneous digital amputation rate. In summary, CsA manipulates the mobilization of EPCs into the circulation via the CD26/DPP IV system. Short-term CsA treatment has beneficial effects on angiogenesis of ischemic tissues.
- Published
- 2007
188. Resveratrol protects vascular endothelial cell from ox-LDL-induced reduction in antithrombogenic activity
- Author
-
Ying-Jen, Chen, Jong-Shyan, Wang, and Shu-Er, Chow
- Subjects
Blood Platelets ,Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III ,Platelet Aggregation ,Osmolar Concentration ,Endothelial Cells ,Thrombosis ,Intracellular Membranes ,Nitric Oxide ,Antioxidants ,Coculture Techniques ,Lipoproteins, LDL ,Resveratrol ,Stilbenes ,Humans ,Calcium ,Cyclic GMP ,Cells, Cultured - Abstract
Dietary antioxidants are thought to be beneficial in reducing the incidence of coronary heart disease. In this study, the antithrombogenic endothelial cells (EC) defense was investigated in an experiment model in which cultured endothelial cells were incubated with aggregating platelets in the aggregometer. We examined the possible protective effect of trans-resveratrol (RSV) on oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced insults on the antithrombogenic activity of the vascular EC. EC were treated with ox-LDL (25-100 microg/ml) for 1 h with or without a 30 min-preexposure to RSV. The antiplatelet property of the endothelial cells was then shown by measuring platelet aggregation, [Ca2+]i and cGMP contents in the platelets and EC. Exposure of EC to ox-LDL reduced the antiplatelet aggregating property of EC, and this effect was attenuated by pretreatment with RSV. Further studies revealed that exposure of EC to ox-LDL reduced the protein contents of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The effect of ox-LDL on the NOS protein content was abrogated by pretreating EC with RSV. The results suggest that ox-LDL acts via reducing the endothelial NOS activity to suppress the antithrombogenic activity of the EC.
- Published
- 2007
189. Exercise modulates platelet-nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell aggregation and subsequent tissue factor and matrix metalloproteinase activities
- Author
-
Shu-Er Chow, Jong-Shyan Wang, Chuen Ying Chang, Yu-Wen Chen, and Chuen-Mao Yang
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Platelets ,Male ,Physiology ,Lipoproteins ,Physical exercise ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,Metastasis ,Thromboplastin ,Pathogenesis ,Tissue factor ,Physiology (medical) ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Neoplasm Metastasis ,Exercise ,Cell Aggregation ,Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 ,business.industry ,Carcinoma ,Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ,Thrombosis ,medicine.disease ,Cell aggregation ,stomatognathic diseases ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ,Immunology ,Cancer research ,Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ,business - Abstract
Interaction between platelet and carcinoma cell contributes to pathogenesis of cancer-related thrombosis and metastasis. This study investigated whether physical exercise affects platelet-nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell (NPC) interaction and platelet-promoted tissue factor (TF) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities of NPC. Thirty sedentary men performed on three occasions moderate-intensity exercise [MIE, 60% maximal oxygen consumption (V̇o2max) for 40 min] and high-intensity exercise (HIE, up to V̇o2max), with and without warm-up exercise (WUE, 60% V̇o2maxfor 20 min) on a bicycle ergometer. Before and immediately after exercise, platelet-NPC aggregation, the TF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions and activities, and TF pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 levels of NPC and platelet were measured. The results of this study demonstrated that HIE enhanced platelet-NPC aggregation in the presence of fibrinogen and was accompanied by increased platelet-promoted TF activity, expression of NPC, decreased platelet-promoted MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities, and TFPI release of NPC, whereas these alterations to HIE on platelet-NPC interactions were ameliorated by WUE pretreatment. Conversely, MIE reduced the formation of platelet-NPC aggregates, but did not change the TF, TFPI, MMP-2, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of MMP activities, and/or levels of NPC mediated by platelet. It is concluded that HIE may enhance aggregation and coagulation and reduce MMP bioactivity related to platelet-NPC interactions, by raising the binding affinity to fibrinogen and TF activity and expression and lowering TFPI release and MMP-2 and -9 activities. These effects on HIE diminish after WUE. However, MIE minimizes the risk of thrombosis induced by platelet-NPC interactions.
- Published
- 2007
190. Chronic intermittent hypoxia modulates eosinophil- and neutrophil-platelet aggregation and inflammatory cytokine secretion caused by strenuous exercise in men
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Mei-Ling Cheng, Hung-Yu Lin, and May-Kuen Wong
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Physiology ,Neutrophils ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Acclimatization ,Interleukin-1beta ,Physical exercise ,Severity of Illness Index ,Antioxidants ,Oxygen Consumption ,Platelet Adhesiveness ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,Platelet adhesiveness ,Malondialdehyde ,medicine ,Humans ,Platelet ,Hypoxia ,Inflammation ,Exercise Tolerance ,Chemistry ,Interleukin-6 ,Altitude ,Intermittent hypoxia ,Thrombosis ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Eosinophil ,Interleukin-10 ,Eosinophils ,Endocrinology ,Cytokine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunology ,Chronic Disease ,Cytokines ,Cytokine secretion ,Lipid Peroxidation ,medicine.symptom ,Pulmonary Ventilation - Abstract
Although acclimatization to intermittent hypoxia (IH) improves exercise performance by increasing oxygen delivery and utilization, the effects of chronic IH on platelet-leukocyte interaction and inflammation-related cytokine secretion caused by strenuous exercise remain unclear. This investigation elucidates how two intensities of IH influence eosinophil- and neutrophil-platelet aggregation (EPA and NPA) as well as pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines mediated by strenuous exercise. Twenty healthy sedentary men were randomly divided into severe (SIH) and moderate (MIH) IH groups; groups were exposed to 12% O2 (SIH) and 15% O2 (MIH) for 1 h/day, respectively, for 5 days/wk for 8 wk in a normobaric hypoxia chamber. Before IH intervention, 1) exercise up to maximal oxygen consumption promoted shear stress-, LPS-, and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine-induced EPA, increased IL-1β and malondialdehyde levels, and decreased total antioxidant levels in plasma and 2) exposure to 12% O2, but not to 15% O2 for 1 h, enhanced LPS-induced EPA and reduced plasma total antioxidant levels. After IH for 8 wk, hypoxia- and exercise-promoted EPA, IL-1β, or malondialdehyde levels were suppressed in both MIH and SIH groups, and plasma IL-6 and IL-10 levels in the SIH group were increased. However, the NPA induced by the shear force and chemical agonists was not changed under the two IH regimens. Therefore, both MIH and SIH regimens ameliorate eosinophil- and platelet-related thrombosis, proinflammatory IL-1β secretion, and lipid peroxidation enhanced by strenuous exercise. Furthermore, SIH simultaneously increases circulatory anti-inflammatory IL-6 and IL-10 concentrations. These findings can help to develop effective IH regimens that improve aerobic fitness and minimize risk of thromboinflammation.
- Published
- 2007
191. Systematic Hypoxia Mediates Platelet‐induced Hypoxia Inducible Factor‐1 Expression in Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte in Men
- Author
-
Huang Chun Liu and Jong Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Polymorphonuclear leukocyte ,Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemistry ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Biochemistry ,Endocrinology ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Platelet ,medicine.symptom ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2007
192. Metastasized Non‐Small Cell Lung Carcinoma Suppresses Exercise‐Induced Thrombin Generation
- Author
-
Yu-Wen Chen and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lung ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,Thrombin generation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,Cancer research ,Carcinoma ,Medicine ,Non small cell ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2007
193. Exercise Paradoxically Modulates Bioactivities of Tissue Factor and Matrix Metalloproteinase Induced by Platelets Interaction with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
- Author
-
Chun Ying Chang, Wan Yu Chou, and Jong Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Tissue factor ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,business.industry ,Genetics ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,Platelet ,Matrix metalloproteinase ,business ,medicine.disease ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2007
194. Gender Affects Sympathetic and Hemodynamic Responses to Posture Changes and Hypoxia
- Author
-
Laing-Yu Chen and Jong-shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Hemodynamics ,Hypoxia (medical) ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2007
195. Effects of moderate and severe intermittent hypoxia on vascular endothelial function and haemodynamic control in sedentary men
- Author
-
May-Kuen Wong, Li-Lan Fu, Liang-Yu Chen, Jong-Shyan Wang, and Mei-Ling Chen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Atmosphere Exposure Chambers ,Time Factors ,Endothelium ,Physiology ,Hemodynamics ,Vasodilation ,Blood Pressure ,Nitric oxide ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immobilization ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Aerobic exercise ,Humans ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,Hypoxia ,Exercise ,business.industry ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Intermittent hypoxia ,General Medicine ,Hypoxia (medical) ,Malondialdehyde ,Oxygen ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Cardiology ,Endothelium, Vascular ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Acclimatization to intermittent hypoxia (IH) improves exercise performance by enhancing oxygen delivery and utilization, but the effect of IH on hemodynamic control remains unclear. This study investigates how two intensities of IH influence hemodynamic control to develop an IH regimen that improves aerobic fitness and minimizes risk of peripheral vascular disorder. Thirty healthy sedentary men were randomly divided into severe (SIH) and moderate (MIH) IH and control (C) groups. The subjects were exposed to 12% (SIH), 15% (MIH), or 21% (C) O2 for 1 h/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks in a normobaric hypoxia chamber. The results demonstrate that (1) improved pulmonary ventilation and oxygen uptake by SIH and MIH; (2) SIH elevated blood pressure during exercise and increased plasma malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (NO) metabolite levels, accompanied by reduced hyperaemic arterial response, venous compliance, endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, and decreased plasma total antioxidant and vitamin E levels; (3) while such effects were not seen following MIH; and (4) there were no significant differences in endothelium-independent vasodilatation during all experimental periods among the three groups. We conclude that both SIH and MIH regimens improve pulmonary ventilation. However, SIH but not MIH decreases anti-oxidative capacity and increases lipid peroxidation in circulation, leading to suppression of vascular endothelial function, causing impairment of vascular haemodynamics.
- Published
- 2006
196. Involvement of MAPKs and NF-kappaB in LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression in human tracheal smooth muscle cells
- Author
-
Chuen-Mao Yang, Chien-Chun Wang, Jong-Shyan Wang, Wei-Ning Lin, Chiang-Wen Lee, and Shue-Fen Luo
- Subjects
MAPK/ERK pathway ,Lipopolysaccharides ,endocrine system ,Small interfering RNA ,Neutrophils ,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases ,Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ,Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 ,Biology ,environment and public health ,p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cell Adhesion ,Humans ,RNA, Messenger ,VCAM-1 ,Phosphorylation ,Protein Kinase Inhibitors ,Cells, Cultured ,Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 ,Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 ,Kinase ,Cell adhesion molecule ,JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,NF-kappa B ,Cell Biology ,Transfection ,Molecular biology ,Cell biology ,Enzyme Activation ,Trachea ,chemistry ,Gene Expression Regulation ,biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity ,Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ,Helenalin - Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been shown to induce the expression of adhesion molecules on airway epithelial and smooth cells and contributes to inflammatory responses. Here, the roles of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathways for LPS-induced vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 expression were investigated in HTSMCs. LPS-induced expression of VCAM-1 protein and mRNA in a time-dependent manner, was significantly inhibited by inhibitors of MEK1/2 (U0126), p38 (SB202190), and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK; SP600125). The involvement of p42/p44 MAPK and p38 in these responses was further confirmed by that transfection with small interference RNAs (siRNA) direct against MEK, p42, and p38 significantly attenuated LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression. Consistently, LPS-stimulated phosphorylation of p42/p44 MAPK and p38 was attenuated by pretreatment with U0126 or SB202190, and transfection with these siRNAs, respectively. In addition, LPS-induced VCAM-1 expression was significantly blocked by a specific NF-kappaB inhibitor helenalin. LPS-stimulated translocation of NF-kappaB into the nucleus and degradation of IkappaB-alpha was blocked by helenalin, U0126, SB202190, or SP600125. Moreover, the resultant enhancement of VCAM-1 expression increased the adhesion of polymorphonuclear cells to monolayer of HTSMCs which was blocked by pretreatment with helenalin, U0126, or SP600125 prior to LPS exposure. Taken together, these results suggest that in HTSMCs, activation of p42/p44 MAPK, p38, and JNK pathways, at least in part, mediated through NF-kappaB, is essential for LPS-induced VCAM-1 gene expression. These results provide new insight into the mechanisms of LPS action that bacterial toxins may promote inflammatory responses in the airway disease.
- Published
- 2006
197. Role of exercise intensities in oxidized low-density lipoprotein-mediated redox status of monocyte in men
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang, Shu-Er Chow, and Tan Lee
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Physiology ,Physical Exertion ,Oxidized low density lipoprotein ,Physical exercise ,medicine.disease_cause ,Monocytes ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Reactive oxygen species ,biology ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Monocyte ,Glutathione ,Redox status ,Lipoproteins, LDL ,Oxygen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,biology.protein ,Exercise Test ,Peptides ,Reactive Oxygen Species ,Oxidation-Reduction ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Exercise significantly influences the progression of atherosclerosis. Oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), as a stimulator of oxidative stress, facilitates monocyte-related atherogenesis. This study investigates how exercise intensity impacts ox-LDL-mediated redox status of monocytes. Twenty-five sedentary healthy men exercised mildly, moderately, and heavily (i.e., 40, 60, and 80% maximal oxygen consumption, respectively) on a bicycle ergometer. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cytosolic and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (c-SOD and m-SOD, respectively) activities, and total and reduced-form γ-glutamylcysteinyl glycine (t-GSH and r-GSH, respectively) contents in monocytes mediated by ox-LDL were measured. This experiment obtained the following findings: 1) ox-LDL increased monocyte ROS production and was accompanied by decreased c-SOD and m-SOD activities, as well as t-GSH and r-GSH contents, whereas treating monocytes with diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) (a NADPH oxidase inhibitor) or rotenone/2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTFA) (mitochondrial complex I/II inhibitors) hindered ox-LDL-induced monocyte ROS production; 2) production of ROS and reduction of m-SOD activity and r-GSH content in monocyte by ox-LDL were enhanced by heavy exercise and depressed by mild and moderate exercise; and 3) heavy exercise augmented the inhibition of ox-LDL-induced monocyte ROS production by DPI and rotenone/TTFA, whereas these DPI- and rotenone/TTFA-mediated monocyte ROS productions were unchanged in response to mild and moderate exercise. We conclude that heavy exercise increases ox-LDL-induced monocyte ROS production, possibly by decreasing m-SOD activity and r-GSH content in monocytes. However, mild and moderate exercise likely protects individuals against suppression of anti-oxidative capacity of monocyte by ox-LDL.
- Published
- 2006
198. Warm-up exercise suppresses platelet-eosinophil/neutrophil aggregation and platelet-promoted release of eosinophil/neutrophil oxidant products enhanced by severe exercise in men
- Author
-
Chuen-Mao Yang, Hsiang-Ling Yen, and Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Platelets ,Lipopolysaccharides ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Neutrophils ,Macrophage-1 Antigen ,Inflammation ,Granulocyte ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Leukocyte Count ,Platelet Adhesiveness ,Platelet adhesiveness ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cell Adhesion ,Humans ,Platelet ,Neutrophil aggregation ,Exercise ,Cell adhesion molecule ,Platelet Count ,Hematology ,Eosinophil ,Eosinophils ,N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine ,P-Selectin ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Immunology ,Stress, Mechanical ,medicine.symptom ,Reactive Oxygen Species - Abstract
SummaryHeterotypic platelet-eosinophil/neutrophil aggregation and subsequent release of eosinophil/neutrophil oxidant products contribute to pathogenesis of conditions such as asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. This study investigates whether warmup exercise (WUE) affects platelet-eosinophil/neutrophil interaction mediated by high-intensity exercise (HIE). Twenty-three healthy sedentary men performed on three occasions light-intensity exercise (LIE, 40%VO2max for 40 min) and HIE (80%VO2max for 40 min) with and without WUE (40%VO2max for 20 min). Before and immediately after exercise, platelet-eosinophil and platelet-neutrophil aggregation (PEA and PNA), reactive oxygen species production of eosinophils and neutrophils (EROS and NROS) enhanced by platelets, and adhesion molecule expression on platelets, eosinophils, and neutrophils were measured. The results of this study demonstrated that HIE enhanced PEA, PNA, and platelet-induced EROS and NROS, was accompanied by increased expressions of Mac-1 on eosinophils and neutrophils and P-selectin on platelets at 5 dyne/cm2 of shear stress, 100 µg/ml lipopolysaccharide, and 1 µM N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine treatments, whereas the enhancement of HIE on platelet-eosinophil/neutrophil interaction was suppressed by WUE. Conversely, LIE significantly reduced PEA and PNA, suppressed platelet-induced EROS and NROS, and down-regulated eosinophil/neutrophil Mac-1 and platelet P-selectin expressions under various stimuli and shear flow conditions. Moreover, these effects were more pronounced in platelet interaction with eosinophils than with neutrophils. It is concluded that HIE enhances hetero-aggregation, adhesion molecules expressions, and subsequent oxidative bursts mediated by platelets and eosinophils/neutrophils, this effect diminishes after WUE. However, LIE minimizes the risk of thromboinflammation.
- Published
- 2006
199. Relationships between Physical Fitness and Endothelial Vascular Control in Elderly Men and Women
- Author
-
Jong-Shyan Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Physical fitness ,Genetics ,Physical therapy ,Medicine ,business ,Control (linguistics) ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2006
200. Effects of Strenuous Exercise and Moderate Exercise on Platelet Interaction with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cell under Shear Flow in Men
- Author
-
Jong‐Shyan Wang and chuan‐ying chang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Strenuous exercise ,Cell ,medicine.disease ,Biochemistry ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ,Internal medicine ,Genetics ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Moderate exercise ,Platelet ,Shear flow ,business ,Molecular Biology ,Biotechnology - Published
- 2006
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.