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157. EFFECTS OF WATER TEMPERATURE, TECHNICIAN, EXTRACTION TIME, AND DISSOLUTION TIME ON SALT CONCENTRATION USING THE QUANTAB CHLORIDE TITRATOR METHOD.

Author

Saensukjaroenphon, M., Jones, C. K., Fahrenholz, C. H., and Stark, C. R.

Subjects
*WATER temperature, *CHLORIDES, *COLD fusion, *DISSOLUTION (Chemistry), *HYDRAULICS
Abstract

There are several methods to test the uniformity of a feed mix, such as chemical assay, colored iron filings, and chloride ion test. The Quantab chloride titrator method is a rapid test for chloride concentration. However, the two Quantab procedures commonly used by the food and feed industries to determine the salt concentration are not approved scientific methods. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of water temperature, technician, extraction time, and dissolution time on the concentration of salt measured with the Quantab strip. Experiment 1 treatments were arranged as a completely randomized design to determine the effect of water temperature (20°C, 40°C, and 60°C) on salt concentration. Experiment 2 treatments were arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial of equipment type (adjustable 100 mL dispenser, graduated cylinder, and balance) with three technicians to determine the accuracy of measuring 90 g (90 mL) of distilled water at room temperature. Experiment 3 treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial of water temperature (20°C to 23°C, i.e., room temperature, and 60°C) and equipment type (adjustable 100 mL dispenser, graduated cylinder, and balance) to determine the accuracy of measuring 90 g (90 mL) of distilled water. Experiment 4 treatments were arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial of water temperature (20°C, 40°C, and 60°C) and extraction time by stirring (15, 30, and 60 s) to determine the salt concentration. Experiment 5 treatments were arranged in a 3 × 3 factorial of water temperature (20°C, 40°C, and 60°C) and dissolution time (0, 6, and 12 min) to determine the salt concentration and the effect of dissolution time on the percent coefficient of variation (%CV). There were three replicates per treatment, and data were analyzed using the GLM and GLIMMIX procedures in SAS. The results of experiment 1 indicated that increasing water temperature increased the concentration of salt extracted from the feed sample (p < 0.0001). The results of experiment 2 indicated an interaction between the technician and the type of equipment used to measure the water (p < 0.0001). The results of experiment 3 indicated an interaction between the water temperature and the type of equipment used to measure the water (p < 0.0001). The results of experiment 4 indicated no interaction between water temperature and extraction time by stirring (p = 0.2295); stirring time did not significantly affect the salt concentration, but increasing water temperature increased the salt concentration (p < 0.0001). The results of experiment 5 indicated no interaction between water temperature and dissolution time (p = 0.5679), but water temperature and dissolution time both affected the salt concentration (p = 0.0136 and p < 0.0001, respectively). In addition, the %CV results demonstrated that the different dissolution times had no effect on %CV (p = 0.1864). These experiments indicate that a balance should be used for measuring hot distilled water at 60°C, and that 30 s of extraction by stirring, followed by immediately placing the strip into the solution after extraction, should be used for the Quantab chloride titrator method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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158. Effect of Thermal Mitigation on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)- Contaminated Feed

Author

Cochrane, R. A., primary, Schumacher, L. L., additional, Dritz, S. S., additional, Woodworth, J. C., additional, Huss, A. R., additional, Stark, C. R., additional, DeRouchey, J. M., additional, Tokach, M. D., additional, Goodband, R. D., additional, Bai, J., additional, Chen, Qi, additional, Zhang, Jianqiang, additional, Gauger, Phillip Charles, additional, Main, Rodger G., additional, and Jones, C. K., additional

Published
2015
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159. Effects of Feed Truck RPM on Pellet Quality, Unloading Speed, and Feed Line Location on Pellet Quality and Nutrient Segregation

Author

De Jong, J. A., primary, DeRouchey, J. M., additional, Haberl, B., additional, Williams, H., additional, Tokach, M. D., additional, Goodband, R. D., additional, Woodworth, J. C., additional, Dritz, S. S., additional, Stark, C. R., additional, Jones, C. K., additional, McKinney, L., additional, and Van Otterloo, D., additional

Published
2015
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162. Evaluating the Effect of Manufacturing Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)-Contaminated Feed on Subsequent Feed Mill Environmental Surface Contamination

Author

Schumacher, L. L., primary, Cochrane, R. A., additional, Evans, C. E., additional, Kalivoda, J. R., additional, Woodworth, J. C., additional, Stark, C. R., additional, Jones, C. K., additional, Main, Rodger G., additional, Zhang, Jianqiang, additional, Dritz, S. S., additional, and Gauger, Phillip Charles, additional

Published
2015
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184. Estimating the predictability of an oceanic time series using linear and nonlinear methods

Author

Yuan, Guo-Cheng, Lozier, M. Susan, Pratt, Lawrence J., Jones, C. K. R. T., Helfrich, Karl R., Yuan, Guo-Cheng, Lozier, M. Susan, Pratt, Lawrence J., Jones, C. K. R. T., and Helfrich, Karl R.

Abstract

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2004. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Journal of Geophysical Research 109 (2004): C08002, doi:10.1029/2003JC002148., This study establishes a series of tests to examine the relative utility of nonlinear time series analysis for oceanic data. The performance of linear autoregressive models and nonlinear delay coordinate embedding methods are compared for three numerical and two observational data sets. The two observational data sets are (1) an hourly near-bottom pressure time series from the South Atlantic Bight and (2) an hourly current-meter time series from the Middle Atlantic Bight (MAB). The nonlinear methods give significantly better predictions than the linear methods when the underlying dynamics have low dimensionality. When the dimensionality is high, the utility of nonlinear methods is limited by the length and quality of the time series. On the application side we mainly focus on the MAB data set. We find that the slope velocities are much less predictable than shelf velocities. Predictability on the slope after several hours is no better than the statistical mean. On the other hand, significant predictability of shelf velocities can be obtained for up to at least 12 hours., This research was supported by Office of Naval Research grants N00014-01-1-0260, N00014-92-J-1481, and N10014-99-1-0258.

Published
2010

187. Use of a vision model to quantify the significance of factors effecting target conspicuity

Author

Gilmore, M. A., Jones, C. K., Haynes, A. W., Tolhurst, D. J., To, M., Troscianko, T., Lovell, P. G., Parraga, C. A., Pickavance, K., Gilmore, M. A., Jones, C. K., Haynes, A. W., Tolhurst, D. J., To, M., Troscianko, T., Lovell, P. G., Parraga, C. A., and Pickavance, K.

Abstract

When designing camouflage it is important to understand how the human visual system processes the information to discriminate the target from the background scene. A vision model has been developed to compare two images and detect differences in local contrast in each spatial frequency channel. Observer experiments are being undertaken to validate this vision model so that the model can be used to quantify the relative significance of different factors affecting target conspicuity. Synthetic imagery can be used to design improved camouflage systems. The vision model is being used to compare different synthetic images to understand what features in the image are important to reproduce accurately and to identify the optimum way to render synthetic imagery for camouflage effectiveness assessment. This paper will describe the vision model and summarise the results obtained from the initial validation tests. The paper will also show how the model is being used to compare different synthetic images and discuss future work plans.

Published
2006

189. Novel Allosteric Agonists of M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors Induce Brain Region-Specific Responses That Correspond with Behavioral Effects in Animal Models

Author

Digby, G. J., primary, Noetzel, M. J., additional, Bubser, M., additional, Utley, T. J., additional, Walker, A. G., additional, Byun, N. E., additional, Lebois, E. P., additional, Xiang, Z., additional, Sheffler, D. J., additional, Cho, H. P., additional, Davis, A. A., additional, Nemirovsky, N. E., additional, Mennenga, S. E., additional, Camp, B. W., additional, Bimonte-Nelson, H. A., additional, Bode, J., additional, Italiano, K., additional, Morrison, R., additional, Daniels, J. S., additional, Niswender, C. M., additional, Olive, M. F., additional, Lindsley, C. W., additional, Jones, C. K., additional, and Conn, P. J., additional

Published
2012
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