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A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated January 3, 1950. In this letter, Truman thanks Johnson for awarding King Gustav V of Sweden the Gourgas Medal. The Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, awards the Gourgas Medal to Freemasons in recognition of distinguished service to Freemasonry, the country, or humanity.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated August 16 1947. In this letter, Truman acknowledges the condolences sent to him by “a Deputy for one of the Mexican states who represents the Supreme Council of Mexico,” most likely sent because of the recent death of Truman’s mother. Truman also writes that he agrees with Johnson’s refusal to aid Boston city Mayor James Curley, who had been charged with committing mail fraud. Curley was sentenced to Federal prison, and eventually, his sentence commuted by Truman.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated May 16, 1952. In the letter, Truman conveys his gratitude to the Supreme Council of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction for sending the President a birthday card commemorating his “sixty-eighth milestone.”

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated October 18, 1951. In the letter, Truman answers Johnson’s request for a commemorative stamp to honor Hungarian statesman and freedom fighter Louis (Lajos) Kossuth. In a previous letter, Johnson had written Truman, "I am making this suggestion merely as one method of the silent preaching of freedom in countries where we would like to reach common people and that a commemorative stamp would do."

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated January 10, 1946. In this letter, Truman thanks Johnson for sending him an article regarding Truman’s Gourgas Medal ceremony. The Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction, awards the Gourgas Medal to Freemasons in recognition of distinguished service to Freemasonry, the country, or humanity.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated July 10, 1948. In this letter, Truman responds to Johnson’s request to aid Italian Freemasons whose Masonic property had been confiscated after Benito Mussolini banned the Fraternity in 1925.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated July 29, 1948. In this letter, Truman thanks Johnson for sending a copy of the memorandum to the Active Members of the Supreme Council regarding Truman’s Civil Rights committee. The President’s committee and its report (To Secure These Rights: The Report of the President’s Committee on Civil Rights) prompted Truman to sign Executive Orders 9980 and 9981, desegregating the federal workforce and the armed services.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated January 24, 1950. In this letter, Truman references the “Italian situation” or the state of Freemasonry in Italy after World War II. The war had destroyed the official records of many Masonic bodies and made it difficult for the Northern and Southern Masonic Jurisdictions to ascertain which Masonic bodies were legitimate in the years after the war.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated September 25, 1945. In this letter, Truman gives Johnson permission to schedule Truman’s Gourgas Medal presentation at the White House. The Supreme Council awards the Gourgas Medal to Freemasons in recognition of distinguished service to Freemasonry, the country, or humanity. President Truman was the first recipient of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction’s most distinguished honor. Truman also comments upon the character of his recent Supreme Court nominee, Harold Hitz Burton, a Freemason and former Senate colleague of Truman.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated August 3, 1948. In this letter, Truman responds to Johnson’s request to aid Italian Freemasons whose Masonic property had been confiscated after Benito Mussolini banned the Fraternity in 1925.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated May 28, 1948. In this letter, Truman responds to Johnson’s request to aid Italian Freemasons whose Masonic property had been confiscated after Benito Mussolini banned the Fraternity in 1925.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated May 2, 1945. In this letter, written less than a month after becoming President, Truman accedes to Johnson’s request to become the first recipient of the Gourgas Medal, the most distinguished honor conferred by the Supreme Council of the Scottish Rite, Northern Masonic Jurisdiction. The Supreme Council awards the Gourgas Medal to Freemasons in recognition of distinguished service to Freemasonry, the country, or humanity.

A letter from President Harry S. Truman to Sovereign Grand Commander Melvin M. Johnson. Dated November 1, 1945. In this letter, Truman acknowledges the receipt of Johnson’s remarks for the upcoming Gourgas Medal ceremony at the White House on November 21. The Supreme Council awards the Gourgas Medal to Freemasons in recognition of distinguished service to Freemasonry, the country, or humanity. President Truman was the first recipient of the Northern Masonic Jurisdiction’s highest award.

Purpose The purpose of this study was twofold: (1) to develop a systems approach as a vehicle to improving the ability to manage conflict and (2) to measure the effects of the systems approach on attitudes of principals relative to conflict management. Methodology A randomized pretest-posttest control group research design was employed in this study. A total of 52 principals from an urban school setting comprised the subjects used in the study. The experimental group was exposed to a workshop that explained the systems approach to conflict management. The Rider-Coughlin Scale, devolped in 1973 at Georgia State University was used to collect the data. A total of five tables are contained in Chapter IV of this study. There was one null hypothesis. It was tested at the .05 level of significance by use of the t-test. Findings As a result of the null hypothesis tested in this study the following findings are summarized: (1) An analysis of the data revealed that there was no significant difference in the scores for principals in the experimental group compared to those in the control group at the point of origin. (2) Principals in the experimental group showed a 43.26 mean gain between the pre and posttest. (3) Principals in the control group showed a -9.11 mean gain between the pre and posttest. (4) The difference between means for the control and experimental groups was significant at the .05 level. Conclusions The null hypothesis states that there will be no significant difference in the attitudes of principals relative to successful conflict management after partici-pating in a conflict management training workshop and those principals not participating in a conflict management workshop. The null hypothesis was tested and rejected at the .05 level of significance. Based on this data, it is evident that the systems approach workshop on conflict management created a significant difference in the scores between the experimental and the control groups. The concepts utiliz

Purpose It was the purpose to compare the attitudes of teachers relating to the 'open' versus the 'closed' belief system as measured by the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale and attitudes reflecting internally versus externally caused behavior as measured by Rotter's Internal-External Scale with teaching success as measured by the Performance Based Certification Instrument. Specifically, this study attempted to answer the following questions: 1. What is the relationship between internal teachers versus external teachers and their success in the classroom? 2. What is the relationship between the open-minded teachers versus the closed-minded teachers and their success in the classroom? Methods and Procedures Three instruments were administered to ten randomly selected classroom teachers at a Dekalb Elementary School . These instruments were a Performance Based Certification Instrument, the Rotter's Internal-External Scale and the Rokeach's Dogmatism Scale. Data were collected, tabulated, and analyzed to determine the significance of the findings. The Pearson Product Moment Correlation Test was computed between each of these instruments and the Performance Based Certification Instrument. Results The analysis of data indicated that there was a level of significance determined for the correlation coefficient between the individuals scoring high in the 'internal' dimension on the Rotter Internal-External Scale and the high scores of the Performance Based Certification Instrument. The correlation coefficient between the individuals scoring high in the 'open-minded' dimension on the Rokeach Dogmatism Scale and the high scores on the Performance Based Certification Instrument was not significant. Implications for Further Research Based on the level of significance stated above, further research should be done in the following areas: 1. This study should be replicated using a larger sample of teachers and involving more than one school because of the many variables that could play in a