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Aiming at the problem of vertical fire spread of exterior walls of super high-rise buildings, the measures to prevent the fire spread of the exterior walls are given in two aspects: the vertical fire separation between standard floors and the vertical fire separation between function sections by refuge floor. The numerical simulation method is used to study the characteristics that the fire smoke flow vertically spreads through the exterior walls. The simulation results show that under the disadvantage of fire extinguished failure, glass curtain walls of the adjacent floors will not break down, and the hot smoke of fire floor will not spread into the adjacent floors by outdoor ways. Even if the curtain walls of adjacent floors break down, the hot smoke in the fire floor will not ignite the indoor combustibles of the adjacent floors by outdoor ways, and the fire will not spread into the adjacent floors.

The dynamic expression of Fgl2 and RvDp5 synergistically programs inflammation resolution to restore homeostasis., The mechanisms that drive programmed resolution of inflammation remain elusive. Here, we report the temporal regulation of soluble (s) and transmembrane (m) fibrinogen-like protein 2 (Fgl2) during inflammation and show that both sFgl2 and mFgl2 correlate with the outcome. The expression and ectodomain shedding of Fgl2 are respectively promoted by miR-466l and metalloproteinases (ADAM10 and ADAM17) during inflammation resolution. Deficiency of Fgl2 enhances polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) infiltration but impairs macrophage (MΦ) maturation and phagocytosis and inhibits the production of n-3 docosapentaenoic acid–derived resolvin 5 (RvDp5). In contrast, administration of sFgl2 blunts PMN infiltration as well as promotes PMN apoptosis and RvDp5 biosynthesis. By activating ALX/FPR2, RvDp5 enhances sFgl2 secretion via ADAM17 and synergistically accelerates resolution of inflammation. These results uncover a previously unknown endogenous programmed mechanism by which Fgl2 regulates resolution of inflammation and shed new light on clinical sepsis treatments.

Nitrogen and phosphorus losses through runoff from paddy fields are the main sources of non-point pollution in South China. Wetlands with non-food aquatic plants and ditches are used separately in many countries to reduce agricultural non-point pollution. In a field experiment conducted in the Taihu Lake Region of South China, an aquatic vegetable wetland–ecological ditch system (AWDS) with controlled drainage was constructed to purify the drainage from paddy fields. Concentrations of TN, TP, NH4+-N and NO3−-N in the AWDS decreased exponentially during the purification period. After 12 days of abatement, TN and TP concentrations in the outflow of the AWDS significantly decreased by 76.7 and 34.1% respectively compared to those in the inflow. In addition to the decrease in pollution concentration, the controlled drainage contributed to lower drainage from the AWDS. TN and TP loads were reduced by 90.9 and 77.8% respectively. After a growth period, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake of aquatic vegetables in the AWDS was 274 and 24.0 kg ha−1. After harvest, nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the soil increased in the AWDS compared with the contents before planting. The AWDS combined with controlled drainage practices seems to have the desirable functions to reduce non-point pollution. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Numerous aquatic problems have been produced by the extensive urbanization especially in last decades in eastern China. This paper presents an evaluation of water level alteration induced by urbanization in the Lower Qinhuai river basin, Yangtz River delta in the last half century. Analyses were conducted using Range of Variability Approach, based on the indicator system of hydrologic alteration including 31 water level related parameters. By contrasting the overall alteration range and that of each parameter in 1960–1979 (pre-impact period) and 1980–2008 (post-impact period) the hydrological impact of urbanization was revealed. The results indicate that, 1 the urbanization in 1980s-2010s lead to an expansion of impervious area by 8 times and a sever simplification of river network structure; 2 the average monthly water level increased considerably from the pre-impact to post-impact period due to the urbanization; 3 the low water level is more sensitive to the interference of urbanization, both the magnitude of water level in dry season and minimum low water pulse increased distinctly; 4the Lower Qinhuai river basin was changed with moderate intensity by the urbanization process, with and overall change degree of 42.5%. In conclusion, water level is a remarkable indicator of the river regime response to urbanization in plain river network area. The results of the study would provide support in water resources management in urban development, opening new perspective of the hydrological process evaluation in high urbanized plain catchment.

Background: Definition and grouping of initiating events (IEs) are important basics for probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). An IE in a spent fuel reprocessing plant (SFRP) is an event that probably leads to the release of dangerous material to jeopardize workers, public and environment. The main difference between SFRPs and nuclear power plants (NPPs) is that hazard materials spread diffusely in a SFRP and radioactive material is just one kind of hazard material. Materials and Methods: Since the research on IEs for NPPs is in-depth around the world, there are several general methods to identify IEs: reference of lists in existence, review of experience feedback, qualitative analysis method, and deductive analysis method. While failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) is an important qualitative analysis method, master logic diagram (MLD) method is the deductive analysis method. IE identification in SFRPs should be consulted with the experience of NPPs, however the differences between SFRPs and NPPs should be considered seriously. Results and Discussion: The plutonium uranium reduction extraction (Purex) process is adopted by the technics in a model reprocessing plant. The first extraction cycle (FEC) is the pivotal process in the Purex process. Whether the FEC can function safely and steadily would directly influence the production process of the whole plant-production quality. Important facilities of the FEC are installed in the equipment cells (ECs). In this work, IEs in the FEC process were identified and categorized by FMEA and MLD two methods, based on the fact that ECs are containments in the plant. Conclusion: The results show that only two ECs in the FEC do not need to be concerned particularly with safety problems, and criticality, fire and red oil explosion are IEs which should be emphatically analyzed. The results are accordant with the references.

In this paper, we classify simple Whittaker modules and simple quasi-Whittaker modules for the Euclidean Lie algebra E = e ( 3 ) . We show that a simple e ( 3 ) -module is a Whittaker module if and only if it is a locally finite E + -module, and it is a quasi-Whittaker module if and only if it is a locally finite P -module. In particular, we get a class of simple weight e ( 3 ) -modules which have infinite-dimensional weight spaces.

Based on the results of continuous flux measurements in the Taihu Lake Region of China, the carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange of paddy fields under water-saving irrigation and its influence factors were analyzed. The net ecosystem exchange of CO2 (NEE) were negative during the daytime and positive at night, and the minimum value appeared around noon. The peak CO2 uptake in the flourishing period was approximately 1.5 times the values observed in the tillering and ripening stages. Frequent alternation of wetting and drying in paddy fields with water-saving irrigation resulted in larger NEE for the typical day before soil rewatering than that for the day after soil rewatering in the early growth stage. These alterations had a minimal effect on diurnal variation of NEE in the late rice growth stage. The average NEE for the typical days after soil rewatering in July and August were 2.30 and 1.38 times that before soil rewatering, respectively. CO2 exchange in paddy field ecosystem under water-saving irrigation displayed seasonal variation with the change of rice plant growth. The total ecosystem respiration (Reco), NEE and gross primary productivity (GPP) were 1996.88, −1284.15 and 3281.03 g m−2, respectively, throughout the growth stage. These results showed that the paddy field ecosystem under water-saving irrigation was a sink for atmospheric CO2. Frequent alternation of wetting and drying processes increased the ecosystem reparation of paddy fields under water-saving irrigation and produced smaller net CO2 absorption compared to that of flooding irrigation. The net CO2 absorption because of plant photosynthesis during the daytime and the net CO2 release at night measured by static transparent chamber method were larger than those measured by eddy covariance method (P

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text, Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to relieve postoperative fever, surgery pain, and inflammation. In addition, NSAIDs have anticancer activity and may reduce the risk and mortality of several cancers. However, the association between postoperative NSAIDs and the clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with fever after surgery is not fully understood. We performed a retrospective study of NSCLC patients who underwent surgery between July 2011 and June 2012, aiming to evaluate the effect of postoperative NSAIDs on overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Differences in clinical data between the postoperative NSAIDs group and non-NSAIDs groups were analyzed by Chi-square tests. Kaplan-Meier curves method and Cox regression analysis were conducted for survival analysis. The primary and secondary endpoints were OS and PFS, respectively. This retrospective study included 347 NSCLC patients. There were no significant differences in the clinical characteristics between the NSAIDs group and non-NSAIDs group except for age (P = .024) and differential degree (P = .040). Administration of postoperative NSAIDs was related to longer OS (hazards ratio [HR] 0.528, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.278–0.884, P = .006) and longer PFS (HR 0.557, 95% CI 0.317–0.841, P = .002) in the multivariate Cox regression model. Subgroup analysis showed statistically significant differences in elderly individuals, male subjects, low smoking index, poor differentiation, and non-adenocarcinoma subgroups, respectively. In conclusion, the administration of postoperative NSAIDs was related to longer OS and PFS in NSCLC patients with postoperative fever.

Purpose: Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning is a widely used method of proton therapy verification. In this study, a proton radiotherapy accuracy verification process was developed by comparing predicted and measured PET data to verify the correctness of PET prediction and was tested at the Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center.Method: Irradiation was performed on a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom. There were two dose groups, to which 2 and 4 Gy doses were delivered, and each dose group had different designed dose depths ranging from 5 to 20 cm. The predicted PET results were obtained using a PET prediction calculation module. The measured data were collected with a PET/computed tomography device. The predicted and measured PET data were normalized to similar PET amplitude values before comparison and were compared using depth and lateral profiles for the position error. The error was evaluated at the position corresponding to 50% of the maximum on the PET curves. The mean and standard deviation were calculated based on the data sampled in the scoring area. Gamma index analysis is also applied in the comparison.Results: In the depth comparison, the 2 and 4 Gy dose cases yielded similar mean depth errors between 1 and −1 mm, and the deviation was

ObjectiveTreg/Th17 imbalance plays an important role in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Maresin 1 (MaR1) prompts inflammation resolution and regulates immune responses. We explored the effect of MaR1 on RA progression and investigated the correlation between MaR1 and Treg/Th17 balance.MethodsBoth patients with RA and healthy controls were recruited into the study. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model was constructed to detect the clinical score, histopathological changes and Treg/Th17 ratio. Purified naive CD4+ T-cells were used to study the effect of MaR1 on its differentiation process and microRNA microarray studies were performed to investigate MaR1 downstream microRNAs in this process. MicroRNA transfection experiments were conducted by lentivirus to verify the mechanism of MaR1 on Treg/Th17 balance.ResultsCompared with controls, the MaR1 concentration was higher in the patients with inactive RA and lower in the patients with active RA. Expression of the Treg transcription factor FoxP3 was the highest in inactive RA and the lowest in active RA, while the Th17 transcription factor RORc showed a reverse trend. An inverse correlation was observed between the FoxP3/RORc ratio and Disease Activity Score 28. Intervention of MaR1 in the CIA model reduced joint inflammation and damage, and improved the imbalanced Treg/Th17 ratio. MaR1 increased Treg cells proportion while reduced Th17 cells proportion under specific differentiation conditions. Furthermore, miR-21 was verified as MaR1 downstream microRNA, which was upregulated by MaR1, modulating the Treg/Th17 balance and thus ameliorating the RA progression.ConclusionsMaR1 is a therapeutic target for RA, likely operating through effects on the imbalanced Treg/Th17 ratio found in the disease.

Our aim of this research was to determine the value of SPECT/CT withWe retrospectively analyzed 184 patients who performedIn group 1, 95/140 (67.9%) patients were confirmed as neuroendocrine neoplasms including 85 neuroendocrine tumors and 10 neuroendocrine carcinomas. Patient-based analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of diagnosing neuroendocrine neoplasms with SPECT/CT were 81.1, 84.4 and 82.1%. There was significant difference of TBRs among G1, G2 and G3 (F = 3.175, P = 0.048). In group 2, 22/44 (50.0%) patients occurred metastasis mainly in liver. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of monitoring recurrence were 87.0, 100 and 93.2%.

Receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) is essential for mucosal repair in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and colorectal cancer. However, its role in tumor immunity is unknown. Here, we report that decreased RIPK3 in colorectal cancer correlates with the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC). Deficiency of RIPK3 boosted tumorigenesis via accumulation and immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs. Reduction of RIPK3 in MDSC and colorectal cancer cells elicited NFκB-transcribed COX-2, which catalyzed the synthesis of prostaglandin E

In this work, we developed a novel quantitative analysis method for detecting nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (nitro-PAHs) in PM2.5 samples with graphene as a matrix using MALDI-TOF MS. A good linearity was obtained for the typical four nitro-PAHs, namely 1-nitropyrene (1-NP), 2-nitrofluorene (2-NFL), 6-nitrochrysene (6-NC) and 9-nitroanthracene (9-NA) with the correlation coefficient better than 0.985 by means of 9-nitroanthracene-d9 as the internal standard. The average recoveries of this method were from 69.2% to 119.4%, and the inter-day precisions were less than 12.3% with intra-day precisions less than 20.7%. The limits of detection for 1-NP, 2-NFL, 6-NC and 9-NA were 0.74, 8.04, 2.67 and 2.31 ng μL−1, respectively. We have validated the practicality by the analysis of nitro-PAHs in PM2.5 samples collected during haze weather in Taiyuan of China. The mass concentrations of Σ-nitropyrene, Σ-nitrofluorene, Σ-nitrochrysene and Σ-nitroanthracene on the collected PM2.5 samples were detected at levels of 0.38 to 3.04 ng m−3, 0.21 to 0.43 ng m−3, 0.19 to 2.38 ng m−3, and 9.55 to 16.52 ng m−3, respectively. The present method proved to be a good candidate for simple, fast and eco-friendly determination of nitro-PAHs by using MALDI-TOF MS coupled with an internal standard method.

Electromagnetic disturbance is a troublesome problem to test engineer, especial for RF measuring system. The propagating characteristics and conducting routing of Electromagnetic noise from the RF radiated susceptibility (RS) testing system of smart meter are analyzed, a broad EMI filter is designed to cut off the conducting routing to refrain the disturbance of RF electromagnetic noise.

This paper discussed UF6 leak scenarios in transportation accidents, it’s different from UF6 release accident occur in nuclear fuel cycle facilities. On transport condition, physical changes and direct chemical reaction with vapor will happen after UF6 release, and then diffusion. Combined with physical properties, chemical properties and straight-line Gaussian plume models, this paper established a new diffusion model for UF6. Based on the data of three UF6 release experiments carried by the French Bordeaux National Experimental Base and calculation data of HGSYSTEM/UF6 model, the new model was tested preliminary. The result shows that, this model can describe the diffusion of UF6 in environment accurately, and apply to UF6 transport accident assessment.

A PI hydroturbine governing system with saturation and double delays is generated in small perturbation. The nonlinear dynamic behavior of the system is investigated. More precisely, at first, we analyze the stability and Hopf bifurcation of the PI hydroturbine governing system with double delays under the four different cases. Corresponding stability theorem and Hopf bifurcation theorem of the system are obtained at equilibrium points. And then the stability of periodic solution and the direction of the Hopf bifurcation are illustrated by using the normal form method and center manifold theorem. We find out that the stability and direction of the Hopf bifurcation are determined by three parameters. The results have great realistic significance to guarantee the power system frequency stability and improve the stability of the hydropower system. At last, some numerical examples are given to verify the correctness of the theoretical results.

OBJECTIVE Coronary artery perforation (CAP) is a rare, serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Many studies have addressed the incidence, risk factors, and management of CAP in different countries except China. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors and types of treatment for coronary perforation occurring in patients undergoing PCI and living in the Cangzhou Chinese population. METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective cohort of 12,113 patients who underwent PCI was used: 64 patients with CAP and 192 case-control patients were evaluated. Clinical data and findings from coronary arteriography and PCI were analysed. Logistic regression was used to evaluate candidate risk factors for CAP. The treatments were also evaluated. The incidence of CAP in patients undergoing PCI was 0.53%, and the mortality was 7.8% (5/64). Risk factors included female gender, hypertension, non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS), right coronary artery (RCA) lesion, calcified lesion, and chronic total occlusion (CTO) (all P 1). CTO had the highest risk (OR = 5.077, P < 0.001). Patients with class I CAP underwent conservative treatment. Patients with class II CAP underwent conservative treatment or low-pressure balloon dilatation (61.1% and 22.2%, respectively). Patients with class III CAP underwent low-pressure balloon dilatation, coated-stent implantation, and emergency surgery (40.9%, 27.3%, and 22.7%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS CAP risk factors in Cangzhou Chinese patients undergoing PCI included CTO, NSTE-ACS, hypertension, calcified and RCA lesions, and female gender. Different treatment methods should be used according to the different classes of CAP.

A novel fluorescein derivative furfuraldehyde fluorescein hydrazone (FFH) has been synthesized by reacting fluorescein hydrazide with furfuraldehyde and characterized by (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, MS and elemental analysis. Addition of Cu(2+) to the solution of FFH results in a rapid color change from colorless to yellow together with an obvious new band appeared at 502 nm in the UV-vis absorption spectra. This change is attributed to the spirocycle form of FFH opened via coordination with Cu(2+) in a 1:1 stoichiometry and their association constant is determined as 6.1×10(4) L mol(-1). Experimental results indicate that the FFH can provide a rapid, selective and sensitive response to Cu(2+) with a linear dynamic range 6.6-330 μmol/L. Common interferent ions do not show any interference on the Cu(2+) determination. It is anticipated that FFH can be a good candidate probe and has potential application for Cu(2+) determination in aqueous solution.

The low molecular polyether shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA) is widely used, but the shrinkage mechanism is still unclear. In this study, an investigation was carried out with four SRAs from the view point of molecular structure and property, while the pore solution was used as the research object. It was shown from the shrinkage performance experiments that the addition of 2% dipropylene glycol (SRA2), diethylene glycol-monobutyl ether (SRA3) and diethylene glycol-tert-butyl ether (SRA4) reduced the drying shrinkage by up to 19·2%, 44·4% and 28·5%, respectively, and reduced the autogenous shrinkage by up to 23·8%, 65·1%, 68·8% respectively. However, diethylene glycol (SRA1) did not show any shrinkage-reducing performance. The results of the surface tension, ion concentration and SRA concentration tests showed that the shrinkage-reducing ability is closely related to the molecular structures of SRAs. The shrinkage-reducing abilities of the amphiphilic SRAs are proportional to the surface tension of the pore solution, but inversely proportional to the potassium (K+) and sodium (Na+) ion concentrations. However, the surface tension reduction is not the main action mechanism for the hydrophilic SRAs. The shrinkage-reducing abilities of hydrophilic SRAs are related to their molecular diameters and the K+ and Na+ concentrations of the pore solution.

In the present study, the tribological behavior of a Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Ti5Al10 bulk metallic glass (BMG) was investigated using pin-on-disk sliding measurements under an argon atmosphere, rubbing against a type 303 stainless steel counterface. The tested pins and disk were examined using X-ray diffractometry, optical microscopy, profilometry, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that the wear of the BMG pins was substantially larger compared with previous tests performed against a zirconia counterface. Strain softening was found in the near-surface region of the glassy pin due to the highly localized shearing. Frictional heating contributed to the occurrence of viscous flow and material transfer on the worn surface of the wear pin and the disk, respectively. Thus, the pin exhibited a severe adhesive-dominated sliding wear.

Resveratrol (RSV) as a naturally occurring small molecule has been reported to benefit the cardiovascular system through a dietary supplementation. However, the relevant genetic regulation by RSV has been uncovered. This work is solely to investigate how RSV increases a fecal excretion of total sterols of HF fed C57BL/6J mice to block lipid accumulation in vivo through regulation of PPRAa, HMG-CoA-R, CYP7A1, LDL-R and ABCG5 genes. The results showed that RSV significantly improved the excretion of total sterols through up regulation of mRNA expressions of PPARa, CYP7A1, LDL-R, ABCG5 and down regulation of HMG-CoA-R. These data indicate that beneficial effects from RSV were associated with the favorably altered expression of hepatic and large intestine genes in HF fed mice.

The aim of this study was to link the molecular weight (MW) of polycarboxylate superplasticizer (PCE) with the performance of cementitious system for the purpose of developing new products; PCE synthesized by copolymerization of methacrylic acid and methyl poly(ethylene oxide) methacrylate was characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H1-NMR) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The polycarboylate (PC) was separated into four fractions with different MWs using an ultrafiltration method. The interaction behaviors between PC fractions and cement particles were investigated by measuring the adsorption, zeta potential, and hydration. Results showed that PC fractions with medium MW showed a good dispersion and dispersion retention owing to the adsorption amount continuously increasing with time and delayed the longest cement hydration time. The highest MW of PC exhibited poor dispersion and dispersion retention, having the greatest adsorption amount on the cement surface and poor adsorpti...

Optimization of database systems for the normal operation of the whole system plays a vital role, but it is a very complex task. The final decides the database performance database availability. A database can be up and running, but if you want to take a long time to return results, then their use will be limited. From the user's point of view, if the actual throughput for a given period of time in the database is high, the actual performance of the database is higher. On the other hand, the poor performance of the database to run a large complex query seems to stop at some point, like a database does not exist, so was anxious to let the user. Therefore it emphasizes optimization is very important.

In order to study the dynamic characteristics of urban public traffic network, this paper establishes the conventional bus traffic network and the urban rail traffic network based on the spaceRmodeling method. Then regarding these two networks as the subnetwork, the paper presents a new bilayer coupled public traffic network through the transfer relationship between subway and bus, and this model well reflects the connection between the passengers and bus operating vehicles. Based on the synchronization theory of coupling network with time-varying delay and taking “Lorenz system” as the network node, the paper studies the synchronization of bilayer coupled public traffic network. Finally, numerical results are given to show the impact of public traffic dispatching, delayed departure, the number of public bus stops between bus lines, and the number of transfer stations between two traffic modes on the bilayer coupled public traffic network balance through Matlab simulation.

Research and Implementation of the network environment the target spatial database application system is to achieve its goal of digital management applications. In this paper, the relevant scientific research on the theory and technology under the network environment the target spatial database application system has been studied, and system implementation.

We previously reported organic addition agent in improving the performance of anodic film formed on magnesium alloy. Here we report that the environment-friendly electrolyte with sodium of polyaspartic acid (PASP) affects the anodizing process including the microstructure, phase constituents and corrosion performance. We have used SEM, XRD, XPS and polarization curve to study in detail the electrolyte impact. Our results show that the anodic film in electrolyte with 19.2–28.8 g/L PASP is compact, smooth and high corrosion resistant. And also, increasing the PASP concentration ranging from 9.6 to 28.8 g/L results in enhancing the cell voltage, thickness and the content of compound including MgO and Mg 2 SiO 4 in anodic film. Interestingly, the anodic film is non-stoichiometric oxide. Comparing with Tafel curves of the anodic film to the addition of PASP or not to, the corrosion current density is 1–2 magnitudes less than the later. Furthermore, a plausible model we propose that the anodizing process is regulated by two main plausible adsorption orientations of PASP at the surface anode. With the increasing of PASP content, the adsorption orientation may transit from “end-on” to “flat-on”. This research using organic addition agent PASP may further broaden applications of organic additive in the anti-corrosion engineering and electrochemical surface treatment of magnesium alloy.

A simple solution-based synthesis route, based on an oxidation–reduction reaction between graphene oxide and SnCl2•2H2O, has been developed to produce a SnO2/graphene composite. In the prepared composite, crystalline SnO2 nanoparticles with sizes of 3–5 nm uniformly clung to the graphene matrix. When used as an electrode material for lithium ion batteries, the composite presented excellent rate performance and high cyclic stability. The effect of SnO2/graphene ratio on electrochemical performance has been investigated. It was found that the optimum molar ratio of SnO2/graphene was about 3.2:1, corresponding to 2.4 wt.% of graphene. The composite could deliver a charge capacity of 840 mAh/g (with capacity retention of 86%) after 30 charge/discharge cycles at a current density of 67 mA/g, and it could retain a charge capacity of about 590 and 270 mAh/g after 50 cycles at the current density of 400 and 1000 mA/g, respectively.

Stainless steel plates were successfully coated with SnO 2 -CeO 2 films (SS/SnO 2 -CeO 2 ) by brush coating with a solution of stannous chloride and cerium trichloride followed by thermal decomposition. It is proven that the properties of SnO 2 films can be evidently improved by Ce doping, and 600°C is the optimum temperature to prepare SS/SnO 2 -CeO 2 anodes. The physicochemical and electrochemical properties as well as the electrocatalytic activity of the electrodes were investigated. It is found that the novel electrodes have compact microstructure, high overpotential for oxygen evolution (1.60 V vs SCE), excellent electrochemical stability, relatively low cost and excellent catalytic activity for oxidizing pollutants. An industrial dye wastewater, which is hard to be purified by using conventional chemical flocculation methods, was oxidated by employing the SS/SnO 2 -CeO 2 anodes, and 83.00% of color and 48.62% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal was achieved under the cell voltage of 5 V within only 2 min, and the electricity consumption is only 1.83 kWh for oxidizing 1 m 3 of dye wastewater.

A self-assembly method is introduced for the assembly of micro-parts onto Si substrates based on analogy of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. To perform the assembly, Si substrates are prepared with solder-coated binding sites. The micro-parts are suspended in the butyl acetate-water mixture, and after gentle agitation, the micro-parts form a uniform and well-ordered 2-D aggregate at the butyl acetate-water interface. The micro-parts are attached onto the substrate by passing the substrate vertically through the aggregate of micro-parts. Due to the mechanism of the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, the micro-parts are attached onto the substrate. The butyl acetate-water mixture is then heated to 100^oC, molten solder and air bubbles in the boiling water make it possible for the micro-parts to self-align on the substrate. This methodology could give a self-assembly yield of up to 90%, providing a practicable method for micro-assembly.

Under the influence of human activities, the differences in climate changes emerged obviously in the Aksu Oasis. The summer air temperature in Aksu City increased at a rate of 0.20°C·(10 annum)−1, while the air temperature in Aler in summer decreased at a rate of −0.27°C·(10 annum)−1. Human intervention has become the dominant factor in the the changes of water resources in the Aksu Oasis. Compared with the Xidaqiao hydrological station, which is located on the upper reaches of the Aksu River, the runoff ratio at the Aler hydrological station increased in summer and decreased in spring. Though the natural water inflow has increased in the last 50 years, irrigation diversion and water consumption for human activities have increased unceasingly due to the increased reclamation of land and the development of extensive agriculture. The water quality at the Xidaqiao station is in Grade I at different periods, and the water quality at the Aler station of the Tarim River is good because the river did not suffer from human disturbance before the large-scale development of oasis agriculture; but the salinity of river water increased from 0.67 g L−1 in 1960 to 5.27 g L−1 in 2000 at the Aler station after farmland development, reclamation and salt washing in the oasis. The geographic distribution of surface water resources has changed due to human activities and in turn affected groundwater replenishment, bringing about changes to groundwater table and quality.

A semigroup S is called a Clifford semigroup if it is completely regular and inverse. In this paper, some relations related to the least Clifford semigroup congruences on completely regular semigroups are characterized. We give the relation between Y and ξ on completely regular semigroups and get that Y * is contained in the least Clifford congruence on completely regular semigroups generally. Further, we consider the relation Y *, Y, ν and e on completely simple semigroups and completely regular semigroups.

In the face of the development trends of NC machine’s networking, this paper presents a new method of transferring NC program based on net transparent bridge technology. By analyzing the principle of serial port communication between NC machine tool and computer, this paper demonstrates the fundamental of net transparent bridge, topology structure, software and hardware realizing of communication function. The single NC machine networking in field showed that the preset qualifications can be reached, which makes the network integrations of existing single NC machines possible.

By the help of professional CPLD software/hardware development tools like PLD carrier and MAXPLUS, this paper successfully put forward the objective device—Electrical Pin Selection Controller in Circular Weft Knitting Machine, which covers the primary aspects of expected inputs, electrical simulation and verification, programming and downloading, etc. Details have been given on how to apply CPLD in the pin selection controller design. Moreover, introductions have been given to the pin selection mechanism and the design schema.

A regular orthogroup S with the property that De=Re or De=Le for any idempotent e∈S is called a WLR-regular orthogroup. In this paper, we give constructions of such semigroups in terms of spined products of left and right regular orthogroups with respect to Clifford semigroups. WLR-cryptogroups and its special cases are also investigated.