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BACKGROUND: A combination of antenatal and postnatal RhD prophylaxis is more effective in reducing D immunization in pregnancy than postnatal RhD prophylaxis alone. Based on the result from antenatal screening for the fetal RHD gene, antenatal RhD prophylaxis in Denmark is given only to those D- women who carry a D+ fetus. We present an evaluation of the first national clinical application of antenatal RHD screening. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In each of the five Danish health care regions, blood samples were drawn from D- women in Gestational Week 25. DNA was extracted from the maternal plasma and analyzed for the presence of the RHD gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting two RHD exons. Prediction of the fetal RhD type was compared with serologic typing of the newborn in 2312 pregnancies, which represented the first 6 months of routine analysis. RESULTS: For the detection of fetal RHD, the sensitivity was 99.9%. The accuracy was 96.5%. The recommendation for unnecessary antenatal RhD prophylaxis for women carrying a D- fetus was correctly avoided in 862 cases (37.3%), while 39 women (1.7%) were recommended for antenatal RhD prophylaxis unnecessarily. Two RHD+ fetuses (0.087%) were not detected, and antenatal RhIG was not given. CONCLUSION: These data represent the first demonstration of the reliability of routine antenatal fetal RHD screening in D-, pregnant women to ascertain the requirement for antenatal RhD prophylaxis. Our findings should encourage the implementation of such screening programs worldwide, to reduce the unnecessary use of RhIG.

Although modularization is becoming both a well-described domain in academia and a broadly applied concept in business, many of today’s firm still struggle to realize the promised benefits of this approach. Managing modularization is a complex matter, and in spite of this, a topic that has received far less attention compared to the theories and methods concerning modularization of technical systems. Harvesting the full potential of modularization, particularly in relation to product development agility, depends on more than an optimal architecture. Key enablers in this context are the organizational and systems related aspects. Recognizing the need for guidance to realize the benefits of modularity, thepurpose of this study is through a literature study and a case study to improve the insight into the organizational and systems related enablers and barriers with regard to obtaining the full potential of modularization in terms of product development agility.

Udgivelsesdato: december

The present report describes the results from an investigation undertaken by DMU and Aalborg University about toxicity produced during the incineration of the smoke from the factory Trible Nine Fish Protein (Esbjerg, Denmark). Previous investigations had found that the washing water was highly toxic for certain organisms. In the present project DMU has undertaken chemical screening(GC-MS and LC-MS) of the washing water from the production plant(800° C)and from the pilot plant run at different temperatures (800-1000°C). At the same time Aalborg University has undertaken toxicological screening on Acartia tonsa and Sceletonema costatum and measurements of the inhibition of the nitrification for microorganisms present in sewage sludge. The chemical screenings did not spot a single compound or a group of compounds which could be the cause of the observed toxicity. On the other hand, the toxicological experiments show that the temperature over 900°C eliminates most of the toxic effect.