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The title compound, C(13)H(9)ClN(2)O(3), is almost planar, showing a dihedral angle of 4.63 (6)° between the aromatic ring planes. The nitro group also lies in the plane, the C-C-N-O torsion angle being 6.7 (2)°. There is an intamolecular C-H⋯O hydrogen bond. The crystal structure features N-H⋯O(nitro) hydrogen bonds that link the mol-ecules into zigzag chains extending along [010].

The title compound, C(19)H(26)N(2)O(3), crystallizes with two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit which differ in the twist of the phenyl rings with respect to the plane of the amide group [the C-C-C-O torsion angles are 121.5 (3) and -119.6 (3)° in the two mol-ecules. Both cyclo-hexane rings adopt chair conformations. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O inter-actions occur. The crystal studied was a non-merohedral twin with a minor component of 4.8 (1)%.

In the title compound, C(19)H(33)NO, all three cyclo-hexane rings adopt chair conformations. The crystal packing features weak C-H⋯O inter-actions, forming a supra-molecular chain along the c axis.

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C(12)H(24)N(+)·C(7)H(3)N(2)O(6) (-), contains two cations and two anions. In the crystal, the cations and anions are connected by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a 12-membered ring with an R(4) (4)(12) graph-set motif. The center of this 12-membered ring coincides with an inversion centre. π-π stacking is observed between parallel benzene rings [centroid-centriod distance = 3.771 (2) Å].

Polyurethane (PU) prepolymers were prepared by using two different diisocyanates i.e., toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) and or isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), and poly (2-methyl-1,3-propylene glutarate), hydroxyl terminated group. PU prepolymer was reacted with 2-hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) to form vinyl terminated PU prepolymer. Vinyl terminated PU prepolymers were further copolymerized with butyl acrylates (BuA) by emulsion process. The structure of proposed PUACs samples was confirmed by FT-IR, and their physicochemical properties were studied determining solid contents (%), emulsion stability and its appearance, tackiness and film appearance. Their acids and base chemical resistance was also studied and discussed. The synthesized PUACs samples were applied using dip-padding techniques on mill un-desized poly-cotton plain weave fabrics. The results emphasis that PUACs based on toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) have shown excellent performance against physical and chemical resistance as compared to isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) based PUACs, however vice versa results were found in some studies., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The title mol-ecule, C(16)H(13)N(3)O(7), is slightly twisted, with the dihedral angle between the two benzene ring planes being 17.4 (1)°. An intra-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond is observed. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into chains along the b axis.

The title mol-ecule, C(13)H(8)BrN(3)O(5), is slightly twisted, with the dihedral angle between the two benzene rings being 5.9 (1)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds link the mol-ecules into one-dimensional chains running along [101]. Further stabilization of the crystal structure is provided by π-π inter-actions [shortest centroid-centroid distance = 3.6467 (17) Å].

The organic molecule in the title mol-ecule, C(14)H(12)N(6)O(5)S·H(2)O, is roughly planar with a maximum deviation of 0.156 (2) Å. An intra-molecular N-H⋯N hydrogen bond occurs. In the crystal, inter-molecular N-H⋯O and O-H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter-actions connect the mol-ecules into a two-dimensional network that lies parallel to (101).

In the title compound, C(10)H(6)N(4)O(5)S·H(2)O, the thia-zole ring is twisted at a dihedral angle of 25.87 (7)° with respect to the benzene ring. The water mol-ecule is linked with the benzamide mol-ecules via N-H⋯O, O-H⋯N and O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. In the crystal, π-π stacking is observed between nearly parallel [dihedral angle = 7.02 (7)°] thia-zole and benzene rings of adjacent mol-ecules, the centroid-centroid distances being 3.7107 (9) and 3.7158 (9) Å, respectively.

Five series of thiourea derivatives bearing benzothiazole moiety (20 compounds) were efficiently synthesized and evaluated for antimicrobial and anticancer activities. The results indicated that the compounds possessed a broad spectrum of activity against the tested microorganisms and showed higher activity against fungi than bacteria. Compounds 1b, 2b, 3b, 4b and 5b exhibited the greatest antimicrobial activity. Preliminary study of the structure-activity relationship revealed that electronic factors in benzothiazole rings had a great effect on the antimicrobial activity of these compounds. In preliminary MTT cytotoxicity studies, the thiourea derivatives (2d, 5c and 5d) were found most potent. In MCF-7 and HeLa cells, the IC(50) values were observed in the range of 18-26 microM and 38-46 microM, respectively., (Copyright (c) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

The title compound, C(12)H(9)BrN(2)OS(2), consists of two planar parts, viz. the thio-phene ring including all substituents (r.m.s. deviation 0.007 Å) and the benzene ring including the respective substituents as well as the thione group (r.m.s. deviation 0.05 Å). The inter-planar angle is 18.84 (6)°. An intra-molecular C(phen-yl)-N-H⋯OC hydrogen bond is observed. The three-dimensional packing involves three types of inter-actions, viz. N-H⋯S, C-H⋯S (× 2) and Br⋯S [3.6924 (6) Å].

The title compound, C(27)H(22)N(2)O(2), consists of two chemically equivalent halves. However, it displays no crystallographic symmetry, only an approximate local twofold symmetry (r.m.s. deviation = 0.15 Å between the two halves of the molecule) is observed. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected by two anti-parallel classical N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming broad chains parallel to (10). A series of weak C-H⋯N/O hydrogen bonds is also present.

The mol-ecule of the title compound, C(15)H(10)N(4)O(3)S(2), is almost planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.1Å for all non-H atoms). An intra-molecular N-H⋯O=C hydrogen bond is observed. In the crystal, mol-ecules are connected into layers parallel to (10) by a classical inter-molecular hydrogen bond from the second NH group to a nitro O atom and by three weak hydrogen bonds of the C-H⋯X type (X = O or S(thione)).

Congestive heart failure (CHF) induces changes in the neurohumoral system and gene expression in viable myocardium. Several of these genes encode G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) involved in mechanisms which compensate for impaired myocardial function. We used real-time quantitative RT-PCR (Q-RT-PCR) to investigate the expression of mRNA encoding 15 different GPCRs possibly involved in CHF, and the effect of normalisation to GAPDH mRNA (GAPDH) or 18S rRNA (18S). CHF was induced in rats by coronary artery ligation, with sham-operated controls (Sham). After 6 weeks, mRNA expression in viable left ventricular myocardium was determined using both 18S and GAPDH as the normalisation standard. An apparent 30% reduction in GAPDH mRNA levels vs. 18S in CHF compared to Sham, although not significant in itself, influenced the interpretation of regulation of other genes.Thus, levels of mRNA encoding receptors for angiotensin II (AT(1)), endothelin (ET(A), ET(B)) and the muscarinic acetylcholine (mACh) receptor M(1) increased significantly in CHF only when normalised to GAPDH. Levels of mRNA encoding the mACh receptors M(3) and M(4) and the serotonin receptors 5-HT(2A) and 5-HT(4) increased, whereas alpha(1D)-adrenoceptor mRNA decreased in CHF irrespective of the normalisation standard. No significant change was detected for M2 and M5 mACh receptors or alpha(1A)-, alpha(1B)-, beta(1)- or beta(2)-adrenoceptors. Q-RT-PCR is a sensitive and powerful method to monitor changes in GPCR mRNA expression in CHF. However, the normalisation standard used is important for the interpretation of mRNA regulation.