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Yingjie Zhang,* Guokuo Hou,* Liping Zhang, Shanshan Li Department of Neurosurgery ICU, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Academician Workstation of The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shanshan Li, Tel +8615193185275, Fax +86-931-15193185275, Email 15193185275@163.comBackground: Central Nervous System (CNS) infections caused by Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) pose a major clinical challenge and are associated with high mortality rates. Polymyxin is used as a salvage treatment for CRKP CNS infection; however, heteroresistance to polymyxin may impact clinical outcomes. In this study, we report a rare case of polymyxin-resistant Klebsiella intracranial infection, which was successfully treated with intravenous and intraventricular antibiotic injections.Case Presentation: A 46-year-old woman with a 1-day history of post-traumatic disturbance of consciousness and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea was referred to our hospital. She underwent external ventricular drainage and decompressive craniectomy, and had a persistent fever. A CSF test confirmed intracranial infection. The minimum inhibitory concentration of polymyxin in this patient was 16 μg/mL. She was diagnosed with polymyxin-resistant pan drug-resistant (PDR) Klebsiella pneumoniae (PDR-Kp) intracranial infection. We successfully treated the infection using intravenous ceftazidime/avibactam (CAZ/AVI) and polymyxin B, combined with an intraventricular injection of polymyxin B according to the CSF microbiological culture results.Conclusion: CAZ/AVI combined with polymyxin B may be an effective salvage treatment for CNS infections caused by polymyxin-resistant PDR-KP.Keywords: CNS infection, Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae, polymyxin-resistant, ceftazidime/avibactam

Abstract [Objective] The study aims to examine the characteristics of innate immune physiological responses induced by chitin and flagellin-derived peptide flg22 in pepper seedlings, and to explore the relationship between innate immune physiological responses and pepper multiple resistance to diseases. [Methods] Five local pepper cultivars from Sichuan were used as experimental materials. The disease indexes of bacterial wilt and phytophthora blight in pepper seedlings were analyzed. Seedlings were cultured by hydroponics and treated with chitin and flg22 exogenously. Root growth, stomata aperture, callose deposition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, SOD, CAT activities as well as gene expression under different induction times were analyzed. The physiological responses and their relationship with disease resistance were evaluated comprehensively using biostatistics. [Results] (1) The lowest disease index of bacterial wilt and phytophthora blight was ‘Chuanteng No.10’ (‘CT10’) cultivar, which was the strongest in disease resistance. The highest disease index of bacterial wilt and phytophthora blight was ‘Tiaojiao’ (‘TJ’) cultivar, which was the weakest in disease resistance. (2) Exogenous chitin and flg22 inhibited the root growth rate of pepper seedlings in five cultivars, induced stomatal closure on detached leaves, promoted callose deposition in cell wall, and increased ROS levels with improved SOD and CAT activities. By calculating the average membership function value of the innate immune physiological response, it showed that the highest was ‘CT10’ and the lowest was ‘TJ’. The average membership function value has a significant negative correlation with the disease index of bacterial wilt and phytophthora blight. (3) flg22 and chitin induced the expression of genes involved in innate immune response in ‘CT10’, such as CaWRKY22, CaMAPK7, and ChiIV3. [Conclusion] Exogenous flg22 and chitin induce the innate immune physiological responses in pepper seedlings, with variations among the varieties. The average membership function of ‘CT10’ is the highest and the multi-resistance level is the best, due to the up-regulated expression of CaWRKY22, CaMAPK7, and ChiIV3.

Abstract [Objective] To enhance the resistance of non-heading Chinese cabbage to turnip mosaic virus (TuMV), this study preliminarily explored the interaction mechanism between BcCHC1 protein of nonheading Chinese cabbage and TuMV. [Methods] The study firstly identified members of the heavy chain clathrin (CHC) gene family, BcCHCs, from non-heading Chinese cabbage, and then cloned CHC1 gene. BcCHC1 subcellular localization was analyzed, and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assay was used to verify the interaction between TuMV and BcCHC1. Finally, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was employed to silence BcCHC1 expression and its function was assessed. [Results] BcCHC1 gene from non-heading Chinese cabbage was cloned, with a coding sequence length of 5 124 bp, encoding 1 708 amino acids. qRT-PCR results showed a significant decrease in the relative expression level of Bc- CHC1 gene in non-heading Chinese cabbage infected with TuMV after 30 days. Subcellular localization revealed that BcCHC1 protein was located in the cell membrane and nucleus of tobacco epidermal cells. BiFC assay analysis confirmed that BcCHC1 interacted with CI and 6K2: Interaction with CI was mainly occurring in the nucleus, while interaction with 6K2 mainly on the cell membrane. Observations of BcCHC1-silenced lines showed that silencing BcCHC1 gene led to plant death. [Conclusion] BcCHC1 regulates the infection of non-heading Chinese cabbage by TuMV through interaction with CI and 6K2, thereby affecting the clathrin-dependent endocytosis pathway and virus replication. However, the mechanism by which Bc- CHC1 regulates TuMV infection in non-heading Chinese cabbage requires further study.

At present， most smart wearable devices are smart watches， wristbands， etc.， which have the problems of high rigidity， poor comfort and frequent charging， making it difficult to meet the requirements of ergonomics and clothing comfort. They cannot be worn for a long time to achieve all-weather monitoring. Textile triboelectric nanogenerator （T-TENG） can be integrated into shoes and clothing as flexible power sources and self-powered sensors， making it an ideal wearable device for active human health monitoring and enforcement. However， most of the reported T-TENG need to be packaged and then integrated into clothing before use， resulting in a reduced air permeability of clothing. In addition， most of the current studies are in the laboratory stage， and the properties of T-TENG such as durability， sensitivity and stability in actual use are not fully considered. In this paper， the basic working mode， material selection， manufacturing method， integrated footwear and clothing mode， and application scenarios of T-TENG were reviewed. The preparation methods of T-TENG for nanofiber membrane and textile composite materials， fiber/yarn-based T-TENG， and fabric-based T-TENG were mainly discussed. New strategies for the development and integration of comfortable T-TENG in the future were proposed， including the large-scale preparation of T-TENG， the integration of T-TENG and traditional clothing， the compatibility of T-TENG monitoring accuracy and comfort， and the durability and stability of T-TENG.

Xuliang Shi,1,&ast; Miaomiao Hou,1,&ast; Xiaoyan Chen,2 Ya Zhu3 1College of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei Province, 071002, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Applied Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong; 3Center for Mental Health Education and Counseling, Guangdong University of Science and Technology, Dongguan, Guangdong Province, 523083, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xuliang Shi, Associate professor at the College of Education, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, People’s Republic of China, Email shixl163@163.comObjective: This longitudinal study examined the reciprocal relationship between sleep disturbances with non-suicidal self-injury and whether self-compassion mediates these associations.Methods: A total of 5785 freshmen were sampled from a large-scale health-related cohort among Chinese college students at the baseline. This study spanned six waves with a six-month interval between each wave. Data from the last four waves were used because self-compassion or non-suicidal self-injury was not measured in the first two waves. The cross-lagged panel models were used to examine the longitudinal dynamic relationships between sleep disturbances, self-compassion, and non-suicidal self-injury.Results: The results showed that all the auto-regressive paths were significant. For the cross-lagged paths, there was a reciprocal relation between sleep disturbances and self-compassion. Importantly, self-compassion played a longitudinal mediating role in the prediction from sleep disturbances to non-suicidal self-injury (indirect effect = 0.007 to 0.009, all p values < 0.001).Conclusion: Psychological interventions targeting improved sleep quality and self-compassion may hold great promise for reducing the incidence of non-suicidal self-injury.Keywords: sleep disturbances, self-compassion, NSSI, longitudinal design

Guimin Hou,1,&ast; Feng Zhang,1,&ast; Xielin Feng,1 Yan Chen,2 Jinliang Zhang,1 Haiqing Wang1 1Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pharmacy, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haiqing Wang, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-028-85420945, Email wanghaiqing241286@163.comPurpose: Hepatectomy could provide better survival benefit for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with type I/II portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). However, the postoperative recurrence remains high. We discussed whether neoadjuvant therapy could reduce HCC recurrence for these patients.Patients and Methods: One hundred and thirty-eight resectable HCC with type I–II PVTT were retrospectively included. The neoadjuvant therapy regimens included tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), programmed death 1(PD-1) antibodies and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). Short-term and long-term outcomes were compared. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize the influence of potential confounders.Results: Thirty-three patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy and 105 patients underwent surgery alone. In the neoadjuvant group, 7 (21.2%) patients achieved stable disease, 13 (39.4%) achieved partial response and 13 (39.4%) achieved complete response based on the modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criterion. By PSM, the neoadjuvant therapy resulted in less microvascular invasion (24.1% vs 50.0%, P=0.021), satellite nodule (6.9% vs 24.1%, P=0.036) and less patients with alpha-fetoprotein> 20(ng/mL) (37.9% vs 69.0%, P=0.006). The neoadjuvant therapy reduced tumor recurrence and prolonged survival. Multivariate analysis found that neoadjuvant therapy was an independent protective factor for overall survival and recurrence free survival.Conclusion: Neoadjuvant treatment presents a promising treatment option for HCC patients with type I/II PVTT.Keywords: hepatocellular carcinoma, neoadjuvant treatment, portal vein tumor thrombosis, TACE, immunotherapy, TKIs

Abstract Purpose This research evaluates the effect of balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) on cardiac electrophysiological changes in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods Involving a retrospective analysis of 39 CTEPH patients (average age 61 ± 11), who had at least two BPAs and paired ECGs pre- and post-surgery, we examined changes in ECG indicators of right ventricular hypertrophy and their correlation with hemodynamic results. Results BPA yielded marked improvements in cardiac function and hemodynamics. ECG parameters, specifically the Lewis criteria and Butler-Leggett score, correlated strongly with hemodynamics and were predictive of a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) ≥ 35mmHg. Notably, QRS complex axis normalization was observed in 25 patients, with 14 fully normalizing (range − 30° to + 90°). The qR pattern in V1 vanished in 9 cases, and 75% of the patients in qR pattern in V1 group had QRS complex electrical axis completely returned to normal range. The qR V1 group had higher mPAP and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), and lower cardiac output and index compared to the non-qR V1 group, alongside a higher Butler-Leggett score. Conclusions BPA enhances cardiac function and hemodynamics in CTEPH patients, with certain ECG measures such as Lewis criteria and Butler-Leggett score reflecting the severity of hemodynamic impairment. The reversal of QRS axis deviation and the disappearance of the qR pattern in lead V1 may serve as valuable indicators for assessing post-BPA satisfaction in CTEPH patients.

This article aims to use passive flow control to analyze the transportation of heat, mass, and charged particles toward a 3D plate. The current problem offers a novel exploration of the flexible domain of non-Newtonian materials, which are well known for their wide range of applications in the engineering and industrial domains. The current study explores the complex dynamics of heat and mass transfer in a fluid that flows over an elongating sheet. The motion of the nanofluid on the surface is caused by the stretching of the 3D plate. The suspension of mixtures of tetra-hybrid nanoparticles can enhance thermal performance and cooling mechanism. Moreover, the 3D model includes modeling of multiple important parameters, such as heat source, thermal radiation, and Hall and Ion slip effects, in Cartesian coordinates for a three-dimensional stretched plate. This comprehensive analysis of various effects offers a new perspective to the field. Partial differential equations represent the emergent phenomena in the problem formulation process. It was estimated that an enhancement of charged particles and motion regarding nanoparticles is enhanced versus an enhancement of charged particles. With the greater power law index, suction, and Weissenberg number, the acceleration of nanoparticles is enhanced.

Real-time sensing of hot spot temperature in three-core cable joints is of significant importance for studying operation safety of cables， temperature rise， and dynamic load carrying capacity assessment. Therefore， focusing on 10 kV three-core cable joints and considering the variations in structures， materials， and on-site process for different types of joints， the paper constructs a simulation model for cable joint temperature fields and analyzes the temperature field distribution rules of the joints. Moreover， the paper establishes a unified inverse model for axial temperature of conductor based on axial heat flow. By employing single factor variation and orthogonal combination methods， the paper analyzes the impact of material parameter variations on the fitting degree and sensitivity of the axial inverse model for joint conductors. Simulation results demonstrate that the sensitivity coefficient and fitting goodness of the inverse model for axial temperature vary slightly， indicating good robustness for different structural， material， and on-site process variations.

Feng Yao,1,&ast; Chenguang Wang,2,&ast; Jie Ding,1 Qian Zhang,1 Liang Zheng,1 Qin Zhang,1 Tianshu Yang,2 Xunmin Zhang,2 Yong Shan,2 Sheng Hou,2 Hao Wang,2 Renpeng Zhou,1 Wei Hu1 1Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People’s Republic of China; 2Taizhou Mabtech Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Wei Hu; Renpeng Zhou, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 678 Furong Road, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax + 86 0551 65997164, Email huwei@ahmu.edu.cn; zhourenpeng@ahmu.edu.cnPurpose: Secukinumab, a monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin (IL)-17A, is approved for the treatment of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis, and hidradenitis suppurativa. This study compared the pharmacokinetics (PK), safety, and immunogenicity of CMAB015, a candidate secukinumab biosimilar, with the reference product secukinumab (Cosentyx®) in healthy Chinese male subjects.Patients and methods: This double-blind, parallel-group study randomized healthy Chinese male subjects (N=130) to receive either a single dose of 150 mg CMAB015 or secukinumab subcutaneously. Primary study endpoints were PK parameters such as the maximum concentration (Cmax) and area under the curve from zero to infinity (AUC0-inf), while safety and immunogenicity were secondary endpoints.Results: The 90% confidence intervals (CIs) of the geometric mean ratios (GMRs) of Cmax and AUC0-inf for CMAB015 to secukinumab were all within the bioequivalence limits (80.00– 125.00%). Other PK parameters were comparable between the groups. The safety profile of CMAB015 was similar to that of secukinumab, with no serious adverse events related to treatment. The incidence of TEAEs was slightly higher in the CMAB015 group, but these events were mild to moderate in severity and did not lead to any withdrawals from the study. Immunogenicity analysis revealed low rates of anti-drug antibody (ADA) positivity, with similar rates between CMAB015 and secukinumab.Conclusion: This study demonstrated equivalent PK, comparable safety, and immunogenicity of CMAB015 to secukinumab in healthy Chinese male subjects. These findings support further clinical evaluation of CMAB015 as a secukinumab biosimilar.Trial Registration: The trial was registered on Clinicaltrials.gov (Identifier No. NCT05734482) and Chinadrugtrials.org.cn (Identifier No. CTR20230105).Keywords: CMAB015, secukinumab, biosimilar, pharmacokinetics, safety, immunogenicity

Jian Jiang,1,2,&ast; Xiaoyan Hou,1,&ast; Lili Gu,3 Xian Liu,1 Huiting Lv,1 Jiaxin Xiong,1 Hongmei Kuang,1,2 Xiaofeng Jiang,1 Shunda Hong1,2 1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China; 2Jiangxi Medical Imaging Research Institute, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shunda Hong, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-791-88693825, Email dyfy05441@ncu.edu.cnPurpose: This study aimed to explore the abnormal changes in short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) in patients with herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).Patients and Methods: Twenty HZ patients, 22 PHN patients, and 19 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. We used FCD mapping, a data-driven graph theory method, to investigate local and global functional connectivity patterns. Both short- and long-range FCD were calculated and compared among the PHN, HZ, and HC groups. Then, the abnormal regions were used to calculate seed-based functional connectivity. Finally, correlation analyses were performed between the altered FCD values and clinical datas.Results: Compared with HCs, HZ patients showed significantly increased long-range FCD of the bilateral cerebellum, thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus and lingual gyrus. HZ patients also displayed significantly decreased short-range FCD of the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, and left precuneus. Compared with HCs, PHN patients displayed significantly decreased long-range FCD of the bilateral superior frontal gyrus and decreased short-range FCD in the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, and precuneus. However, there was no significant difference in either long-range or short-range FCD between the PHN and HZ patients. Long-range FCD deficit areas and the right insula showed altered functional connectivity in PHN patients. Furthermore, pain duration in patients with PHN was correlated with abnormal long-range FCD.Conclusion: Herpes zoster pain widely affects intra- and inter-regional functional connectivity, leading to disrupted short-range FCD and increased long-range FCD during different stages of the disease. Long-term chronic pain in PHN patients may impair the pain emotion regulation pathway. These findings could improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of HZ and PHN and offer neuroimaging markers for HZ and PHN.Keywords: functional connectivity density, herpes zoster, postherpetic neuralgia, pain, functional magnetic resonance imaging

Yapu Liu, Yuanyuan Su, Zhonghao Luan, Xiuwei Hou, Guangliang Wu, Yonghui Xu, Songmao Wang, Lifeng Gao, Xiaochen Zheng Department of Spinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, Luohe, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Yapu Liu, Department of Spinal Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Luohe Medical College, 463 Haihe Avenue, Luohe, 462300, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-0395-6162312, Email 460547380@qq.comPurpose: To introduce the surgical methods and clinical results of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) combined with hollow screw placement as a treatment for patients with Kummell’s disease and pedicle rupture.Methods: From January 2020 to January 2023, a total of 10 patients with Kummell’s disease and pedicle rupture confirmed via imaging underwent three-column intensive therapy using hollow screws combined with PVP. There were two males and eight females with an average age 75.7± 6.11 years old. The time of operation, bone cement injection amount, bone cement leakage during operation were recorded. X-ray and CT were reexamined after operation. The improvement in quality of life was assessed using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the improvement in low back pain was assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS).Results: Hollow screw placement combined with PVP was successfully performed in all patients. The average operation time was 39.2± 5.1 min, and the average volume of bone cement injected was 5.85± 0.83mL. No leakage of bone cement into spinal canal occurred.The mean preoperative ODI score was 75.70± 4.39, but this decreased significantly postoperatively(P< 0.05), being 37.70± 6.95 at 1 day and 26.40± 4.90, 23.70± 4.87, 21.70± 5.46, and 20.50± 4.21 at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation, respectively. The mean VAS pain score before the operation was 8.35± 0.63, but the symptoms of back pain were significantly relieved after operation(P< 0.05). The mean VAS scores 1 day and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after the operation were 3.45± 0.47, 2.55± 0.60, 1.89± 0.48, 1.50± 0.27, and 1.12± 0.20, respectively.Conclusion: Hollow screw placement combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty serves as a valuable three-column intensive treatment for patients with Kummell’s disease and pedicle rupture. This procedure has the advantages of minimal trauma, less pain and quick recovery. The strong anchoring of bone cement and hollow screws provides stable and firm healing conditions for vertebral and pedicle fractures.Keywords: three-column enhancement, PVP, hollow screw, Kummell’s disease, pedicle rupture

In recent years, studying dolomite diagenesis and controlling factors of reservoir development from microscopic perspective has become a hot subject in deep carbonate gas exploration. In this study, we have carried out a fine classification of different types of dolomite reservoirs in the Fei-3 Member of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the Puguang area, and the distribution law and main controlling factors of dolomite reservoirs have been clarified. The results show that the dolomite reservoirs of the Fei-3 Member in the Puguang area include three rock types: residual structure dolomite, microbial dolomite, and crystalline dolomite, and the main reservoir space types are intergranular pores, solution pores/caves, and inter-crystalline pores, respectively, and the solution fractures are mainly developed in the residual structure and microbial dolomites. Most of the dolomite reservoirs are distributed in the Fei 31 sub-member, and the residual structure dolomite is mainly distributed in the relative paleomorphic highs of the Fei 31 sub-member; microbial dolomite is mainly developed in the platform environment with shallow water and intermittent exposure, and is controlled by the growth conditions of microorganisms; the crystalline dolomite is mostly distributed in the relatively shallow water and relatively limited dolomite flat environment. On the plane, the dolomite reservoirs are distributed in the form of clumps. The distribution of residual structure dolomite reservoir is controlled by paleotopography and early exposure corrosion. Microbial dolomite is formed in the microbial mat microfacies, and the distribution range of microbial mat controls the development of microbial dolomites. The diagenetic types of the dolomites in the target layer include dolomitization, dissolution, rupture, and material filling. Various kinds of pores formed by syngenetic dissolution provide channels for later buried dissolution, and organic acids formed by organic matter maturation under deep burial conditions play a crucial role in dissolution of dolomite and promote the formation of dissolution pores. In the burial stage, hydrocarbons enter the dolomite, which can effectively prevent the growth of late authigenic minerals, thus promoting the preservation of pores. The structural fracture system formed by late tectonic movement can communicate with different pore groups and improve the reservoir quality.

BackgroundAlcohol dependence and related health problems have attracted greater than ever attention in recent years. Alcohol dependence not only affected personal behavior control ability， but also brought adverse effect to families and society.ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between cognitive function and personality traits among male alcohol-dependent patients with aggressive behavior， in order to provide references for improving the cognitive function of male alcohol-dependent patients with aggressive behavior.MethodsMale patients with alcohol dependence attending Hunan Brain Hospital from March 2020 to March 2022 and fulfilling the International Classification of Diseases， tenth edition （ICD-10） diagnostic criteria were enrolled. According to the score of Modified Overt Aggression Scale （MOAS）， participants were classified into aggressive behavior group and non-aggressive behavior group at 1∶1 ratio， each with 80 cases. The enrolled subjects were then evaluated using Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Short Scale for Chinese （EPQ-RSC） and Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status （RBANS）. Pearson correlation analysis was utilized to examine the correlation between EPQ-RSC and RBANS scores among alcohol-dependent patients with aggressive behavior.ResultsScores on each subscale in RBANS were all lower in aggressive behavior group than those in non-aggressive behavior group （t=2.176， 2.580， 2.076， 2.308， 2.193， P

Objective To investigate the association of whole blood nucleophosmin 1(NPM1), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and intestinal flora with gastric cancer progression and prognosis. Methods A total of 120 patients with gastric cancer who were admitted to the Nanyang Second People′s Hospital from May 2018 to May 2020 were selected as the gastric cancer group, 120 patients with benign gastric lesions underwent gastroscopy in the same period were selected as the benign gastric lesions group, and 120 patients with healthy physical examinations in the same period were selected as the control group. RT-qPCR was used to detect mRNA expression of NPM1 and MCP-1. The intestinal microbiota was examined by MicroScan microbial identification analysis system; The correlation between NPM1, MCP-1 and intestinal microbiota was analyzed by Pearson method. Multivariate COX regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Results The level of NPM1 mRNA,exuberance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the control group, gastric benign lesion group, and gastric cancer group decreased sequentially (P＜0.05), whereas MCP-1 mRNA, Enterococcus, and Escherichia coli increased sequentially (P＜0.05). Serum NPM1 mRNA, Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ of gastric cancer were obviously lower than those found in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ(P＜0.05), while MCP-1 mRNA, Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were obviously more than those found in stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ(P＜0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that, there was a negative correlation between serum NPM1 mRNA and MCP-1 mRNA levels in gastric cancer patients (P＜0.05), NPM1 mRNA was positively correlated with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus(P＜0.05) and negatively correlated with Enterococcus and Escherichia coli(P＜0.05). MCP-1 mRNA was negatively correlated with the quantity of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus(P＜0.05) but positively correlated with Enterococcus and Escherichia coli(P＜0.05). The level of NPM1 mRNA, quantity of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in the poor prognosis group were obviously lower than those found in the good prognosis group (P＜0.05), while the level of MCP-1 mRNA, quantity of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were obviously higher than those in the good prognosis group (P＜0.05). COX regression analyses showed that MCP-1 mRNA, Enterococcus and Escherichia coli were risk factors affecting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients (P＜0.05), while NPM1 mRNA, Bifidobacterium, and Lactobacillus were protective factors (P＜0.05). Conclusions Decreased level of NPM1, decreased counting of Bifidobacterium intestinalis and Lactobacillus, increased level of MCP-1, increased counting of Enterococcus and Escherichia coli are strongly associated with gastric cancer progression and poor prognosis.

[Objective] Investigating the interactive coupling characteristics of the PEE system can provide theoretical support and quantitative basis for the ecological advancement of urban areas in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. [Methods] Based on a comprehensive evaluation of the PEE system in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area from 2000 to 2020, this study utilized the coupling coordination degree model, gravity model, and obstacle degree model to empirically investigate the spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, spatial connectivity features, and main obstacle factors of the system’s coupling coordination degree. [Results] (1) The comprehensive development level of the PEE system in the reservoir area had shown a gradual increase from 2000 to 2020. (2) During the study period, the coupling and coordination degree of the system was basically unchanged, with a not very high level of coordination. The type of coordination showed the spatial characteristics of “Southwest-Northeast” and “Central-North”, with an overall benign upward development trend. (3) The spatial correlation of the coupling and coordination degree of the system in neighboring regions had a significant positive autocorrelation, the total spatial linkage was rising in general, the spatial linkage strength was weak, and it was gradually weakening with the increase of the geographic distance. (4) The influence of each factor on the system’s development had a convergence, with the economic and demographic system being the main constraining subsystems, and the obstacle degree of the environmental system was increasing year by year. [Conclusion] The overall level of coupled and coordinated development of the PEE system in the reservoir area was improving, and regional differences were narrowing. In the future, the focus should be on the optimization of a single system to the coordination of multiple systems, and adjustments should be made from both the perspectives of the system itself and regional synergy, in order to strengthen policy and institutional regulation and scientifically explore the development path.

For efficient electrochemical removal of Pb2+ from water bodies, Fe3O4 doped modified electrodes were prepared by loading a mixture of Fe3O4, powdered activated carbon, acetylene black and polyvinyl alcohol onto graphite paper with the coating method. The electrochemical removal of Pb2+ with Fe3O4-doped modified electrode was carried out in a differential column batch reactor mode, and the effects of voltage, temperature, operation time,concentration, and other factors on the Pb2+ removal performance were investigated. The reusability and stability of the electrode were evaluated based on cycle trials. The results showed that the prepared electrodes had abundant surface pores and uniform pore size. The removal of Pb2+ by the electrochemical system reached 98.73% after 150 min at a voltage of 1.4 V, and the extension of the operation time could significantly strengthen the removal of Pb2+. In the temperature range of 10-35 ℃, the increase of temperature was favorable for the electrochemical removal of Pb2+. The electrochemical system had good applicability and adaptability at different Pb2+ concentrations. With the increase of the initial Pb2+ concentration, the energy consumption for treating unit volume of Pb2+ wastewater increased gradually, but the energy consumption for removing unit mass of Pb2+ decreased on the contrary, The fitting results showed that the removal process of Pb2+ was in accordance with the pseudo-first order kinetics. The electrochemical system still maintained the original removal effect after eight cycles, presenting commendable reusability and stability.

The access methods for terminal communication on the distribution network side are diverse. However, due to the lack of complete interconnection among various communication methods, the reliability of communication is compromised. Therefore, it is of great significance to realize automatic switching of various communication access modes and multi-network integration of terminals to improve the reliability of distribution communication network. Based on the research on the wide application of mature technologies such as bidirectional forwarding detection (BFD) link bidirectional monitoring, single-pole double-throw isolation, Bypass technology and tunnel technology in communication networks, the key technologies and integration methods to improve the reliability of distribution network were put forward， and the feasibility of the proposed scheme was verified by building a physical simulation environment. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can be well applied to the complex distribution network, so as to improve its self-healing ability, meet the requirements of physical isolation and service transmission delay, and improve the reliability of the entire distribution network.

By analyzing the species composition, distribution, quantity and changes of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the coastal waters of Rizhao City in May and August 2021, this paper provides technical support for comprehensively understanding the status and development trend of biodiversity in the coastal waters of Rizhao City in spring and summer. It is of great significance to understand the status of marine biodiversity, the health of ecosystem and the carrying capacity of marine environment in Rizhao City.

The complex flow field in the high-speed gearbox affects the transmission efficiency and performance of the transmission system by affecting the gear oil injection lubrication characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out research on the two-phase flow field and lubrication characteristics of high-speed gear oil injection considering the complex flow field of high-speed gear box and the baffle structure. Based on the computational fluid dynamics method, a two-phase flow field analysis model of high-speed helical gear oil injection lubrication is established, and the two-phase flow field distribution characteristics are analyzed. On this basis, the effects of injection parameters such as injection speed, injection angle, axial injection angle, and gear baffle on the injection lubrication characteristics are further studied. The results show that the oil on the surface of high-speed helical gear inclines to one side. By increasing the injection speed or adding the positive axial angle, the oil deflection and the lubrication effect can be improved. The gear baffle plays a role in guiding the oil, and the setting of axial baffle is conducive to increasing the oil on the tooth surface. This study provides a basis for the study of two-phase flow field distribution characteristics of high-speed gearboxes and the optimization design of oil injection lubrication.

Based on the characteristics of high error sensitivity and large load capacity of the shoulder joint of the upper limb rehabilitation robot relative to other joints, an involute planetary reducer with small tooth number difference is applied to its shoulder joint drive in this study. Considering the main factors of transmission errors caused by machining and assembly errors, the analytical calculation model of transmission errors of the planetary reducer with small tooth number difference is established based on the mesh line increment method. From the perspective of statistics, Monte Carlo method is used to analyze the effects of eccentricity error and initial phase on the transmission accuracy of the shoulder joint of upper limb rehabilitation robots. Based on the analytical model of shoulder joint transmission accuracy, the output torque fluctuation caused by transmission error is analyzed and particle swarm optimization algorithm is adopted to optimize transmission accuracy under the condition of constant machining accuracy, so as to improve the output torque fluctuation caused by transmission error of the shoulder joint of the upper limb rehabilitation robot to avoid the secondary injury of the patients.

Background Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is more prevalent than non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), leading to the identification of a variety of metabolically complex fatty liver diseases. The serum uric acid/creatinine ratio (SUA/Cr) is a new biomarker discovered after renal function-normalized SUA. At present, there have been few studies on the relationship between SUA/Cr and MAFLD. Objective To explore the correlation of SUA/Cr with MAFLD, and its predictive value for MAFLD. Methods We enrolled 2 288 individuals who visited the Physical examination Center of the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University in February to June 2023. Venous blood samples were collected for laboratory tests, and abdominal ultrasonography was used to examine the liver condition. Based on the results of abdominal ultrasonography and the diagnostic criteria for MAFLD, the subjects were divided into the MAFLD group (n=945) and non-MAFLD group (n=1 343). According to SUA/Cr quartiles, the subjects were divided into Q1 group (SUA/Cr≤4.13, n=574), Q2 group (4.135.72, n=571). Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between SUA/Cr and clinical data. Binary Logistic regression analysis was used to gradually explore the influencing factors of MAFLD. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was calculated to evaluate the predictive value of SUA/Cr for MAFLD. Results Compared to the non-MAFLD group, the MAFLD group had higher levels of male proportion, age, waist circumference (WC), BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerol (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), homocysteine (Hcy), serum uric acid (SUA), serum creatinine (Scr), and SUA/Cr ratio (P

AIM:To systematically evaluate the changes in retinal and choroidal thickness in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis by using optical coherence tomography(OCT)through Meta-analysis.METHODS: Literatures on the measurement of retinal and choroidal structure in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis by using OCT from CNKI, VIP, WF, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, SinoMed, and Embase databases were searched for relevant studies. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the databases to January 2024. In addition, quality of the included literatures was assessed by the Newtle-Ottawa scale(NOS), and RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 16.0 were used for statistical analysis.RESULTS: A total of 17 articles(including 18 studies)were included, and the Meta-analysis results showed that, patients with internal carotid artery stenosis had significantly thinner peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer(pRNFL), ganglion cell complex(GCC), center macular thickness(CMT), and subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT)than the healthy control group(age matched normal population). The pRNFL and SFCT of the ipsilateral eye in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis become thinner compared with the contralateral eye.CONCLUSION:To a certain extent, the morphological structure of the retina and choroid can be altered by stenosis of the internal carotid artery. OCT can non-invasively detect the microstructural changes of the retina and choroid in patients with internal carotid artery stenosis, and can be used for the evaluation of internal carotid artery stenosis.

The advances of panoramic imaging technology, the growing popularity of street view imagery tools, and the development in artificial intelligence such as computer vision, machine learning and deep learning, have led to the use of panoramic imagery for large-scale, automated discrimination and parsing in urban research. The rapid development of the aforementioned fields has led to a large number of cross-cutting results between the fields of panoramic imagery, artificial intelligence and urban research in the last two decades. In this paper, CiteSpace and VOSviewer are utilized as analysis platforms to investigate the advancement of panoramic imagery applications in urban research. Firstly, three developmental stages of panoramic imagery in urban research are identified using a literature co-citation clustering network and a terminology time zone map. Subsequently, co-authorship network and keyword clustering analysis are employed to investigate the co-authorship relationships, acquisition methods and image information extraction techniques. Four main application fields of panoramic imagery in urban research are summarized: urban built environment, urban landscape environment, urban physical environment and smart city. Finally, the primary driving factors for the advancement of panoramic imagery application areas are summarized from a historical perspective. Additionally, current challenges and future trends of panoramic imagery application in urban research are discussed.

Bailong Hou,1,&ast; Ying Zhou,2,&ast; Wei Wang,1 Weifeng Shen,1 Qinlong Yu,1 Minjie Mao,1 Siheng Wang,1 Wenxiu Ai,3 Fangyou Yu,2,3 Pingyang Shao1 1Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Pingyang Shao, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jiaxing, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, 314000, People’s Republic of China, Email spy202001@163.com Fangyou Yu, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, People’s Republic of China, Email wzjxyfy@163.comIntroduction: This study aimed to investigate the emergence and characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) strains that demonstrate resistance to multiple antibiotics, including aminoglycosides and tigecycline, in a Chinese hospital.Methods: A group of ten CRKP strains were collected from the nine patients in a Chinese hospital. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) and phenotypic inhibition assays precisely assess bacterial antibiotic resistance. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was used to analyze the mRNA levels of efflux pump genes (acrA/acrB and oqxA/oqxB) and the regulatory gene (ramA). The core-genome tree and PFGE patterns were analyzed to assess the clonal and horizontal transfer expansion of the strains. Whole-genome sequencing was performed on a clinical isolate of K. pneumoniae named Kpn20 to identify key resistance genes and antimicrobial resistance islands (ARI).Results: The CRKP strains showed high resistance to carbapenems, aminoglycosides (CLSI, 2024), and tigecycline (EUCAST, 2024). The mRNA expression levels of efflux pump genes and regulatory genes were detected by RT-qPCR. All 10 isolates had significant differences compared to the control group of ATCC13883. The core-genome tree and PFGE patterns revealed five clusters, indicating clonal and horizontal transfer expansion. Three key resistance genes (blaoxa-232, blaCTX-M-15, and rmtF) were observed in the K. pneumoniae clinical isolate Kpn20. Mobile antibiotic resistance islands were identified containing blaCTX-M-15 and rmtF, with multiple insertion sequences and transposons present. The coexistence of blaoxa-232 and rmtF in a high-risk K. pneumoniae strain was reported. Conjugation assay was utilized to investigate the transferability of blaoxa-232-encoding plasmids horizontally.Conclusion: The study highlights the emergence of ST15-KL112 high-risk CRKP strains with multidrug resistance, including to aminoglycosides and tigecycline. The presence of mobile ARI and clonal and horizontal transfer expansion of strains indicate the threat of transmission of these strains. Future research is needed to assess the prevalence of such isolates and develop effective control measures.Keywords: blaOXA-232, rmtF, Klebsiella pneumoniae, carbapenemase, plasmid

Abstract [Objective] In order to reveal the molecular mechanism of photosynthetic midday-depression broken by water spring, the effects of continuous spraying on mango leaves were studied by omics technology. This study can provide basis for further optimizing water management to achieve the best consequences, and will have theoretical significance in enhancing mango yield and quality by aligning with the national policy objectives of reducing fertilizer usage and improving efficiency. [Methods] Mango cultivar “Tainong No. 1” in Yuanjiang was used as material. The mango in the fruiting stage was sprayed by water for three times during the midday depression (12:30-14:10), 20 minutes each time, with no water spraying as the control. The leaves were collected for transcriptome sequencing analysis. GO and KEGG databases were used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Analysis of gene expression was conducted by using DESeq, with |log2αFC| >1 and P

[Objective] Plant resources of the Micang Mountain Nature Reserve in Shaanxi Province were identified through field survey. This investigation provided a theoretical basis for the study of the flora of Shaanxi Province, and was of great significance for the protection and utilization of plant resources in Shaanxi Province. [Methods] One newly recorded genus and four newly recorded plants in Shaanxi Province were determined by consulting the literature and comparing the specimens in collections. [Results] One newly recorded genus of the vascular plants, Gonocarpus Thunberg, and its newly recorded species Gonocarpus micranthus Thunberg in Shaanxi Province were determined. In addition, three newly recorded plants were found, including Viburnum atrocyaneum C. B. Clarke (Viburnaceae), Carpesium minus Hemsley (Asteraceae), and Euonymus oxyphyllus Miquel (Celastraceae). [Conclusion] This study improves the records of vascular plants in Shaanxi province. The voucher specimens are stored in the herbarium of Northwest A&F University (WUK).

Ling Hou,1,&ast; Jinbo Zhao,2,&ast; Ting He,2 Ke Su,2 Yuanhong Li2 1Department of Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Cardiovascular Disease Center, Central Hospital of Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei University of Medicine, Enshi, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuanhong Li, Email lyh0101@vip.163.comIntroduction: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a significant global health challenge, with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) being a primary revascularization method. In-stent restenosis (ISR) post-PCI, although reduced, continues to impact patient outcomes. Inflammation and platelet activation play key roles in ISR development, emphasizing the need for accurate risk assessment tools. The systemic inflammation aggregation index (AISI) has shown promise in predicting adverse outcomes in various conditions but has not been studied in relation to ISR.Methods: A retrospective observational study included 1712 patients post-drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Data collected encompassed demographics, medical history, medication use, laboratory parameters, and angiographic details. AISI, calculated from specific blood cell counts, was evaluated alongside other variables using machine learning models, including random forest, Xgboost, elastic networks, logistic regression, and multilayer perceptron. The optimal model was selected based on performance metrics and further interpreted using variable importance analysis and the SHAP method.Results: Our study revealed that ISR occurred in 25.8% of patients, with a range of demographic and clinical factors influencing the risk of its development. The random forest model emerged as the most adept in predicting ISR, and AISI featured prominently among the top variables affecting ISR prediction. Notably, higher AISI values were positively correlated with an elevated probability of ISR occurrence. Comparative evaluation and visual analysis of model performance, the random forest model demonstrates high reliability in predicting ISR, with specific metrics including an AUC of 0.9569, accuracy of 0.911, sensitivity of 0.855, PPV of 0.81, and NPV of 0.948.Conclusion: AISI demonstrated itself as a significant independent risk factor for ISR following DES implantation, with an escalation in AISI levels indicating a heightened risk of ISR occurrence.Keywords: coronary artery disease, percutaneous coronary intervention, Systemic inflammation aggregation index, machine learning models, In-stent restenosis

Hydrodynamic cavitation is widely used in many fields such as water treatment, impact rock breaking, and food preparation. The performance of hydrodynamic cavitation is closely related to its internal flow field. In the present study, cavitation flow field was analyzed by computational fluid dynamics in the reactor. The cavitation performance of the rotor is evaluated under different operating conditions. The time frequency distribution of pressure pulsation is studied. The pressure increases at the connection point between the local low-pressure area and the mainstream low-pressure area. Cavitation bubbles collapsed at the tail end of the cavity to form a local void area. The blade frequency amplitude of pressure pulsation shows the significant periodic change. The blade frequency amplitude decreases along the flow direction. The effect of the fluid outlet led to the increase in the second-order harmonic frequency amplitude. The research results could provide theoretical support for the research of cavitation mechanism of cavitation equipment.

Yuan Yuan,1,&ast; Mingyi Hou,2,&ast; Xiaoning Song,1 Xintao Yao,1 Xuerui Wang,1 Xiangjun Chen,2 Shengnan Li1 1School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Pharmacy, Shandong New Drug Loading & Release Technology and Preparation Engineering Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, 264003, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shengnan Li; Xiaoning Song, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Xiping Road, Tianjin, 300401, People’s Republic of China, Email lisn027@hebut.edu.cn; songxn123@hebut.edu.cnBackground: With the rapid development of nanotechnology, constructing a multifunctional nanoplatform that can deliver various therapeutic agents in different departments and respond to endogenous/exogenous stimuli for multimodal synergistic cancer therapy remains a major challenge to address the inherent limitations of chemotherapy.Methods: Herein, we synthesized hollow mesoporous Prussian Blue@zinc phosphate nanoparticles to load glucose oxidase (GOx) and DOX (designed as HMPB-GOx@ZnP-DOX NPs) in the non-identical pore structures of their HMPB core and ZnP shell, respectively, for photothermally augmented chemo-starvation therapy.Results: The ZnP shell coated on the HMPB core, in addition to providing space to load DOX for chemotherapy, could also serve as a gatekeeper to protect GOx from premature leakage and inactivation before reaching the tumor site because of its degradation characteristics under mild acidic conditions. Moreover, the loaded GOx can initiate starvation therapy by catalyzing glucose oxidation while causing an upgradation of acidity and H2O2 levels, which can also be used as forceful endogenous stimuli to trigger smart delivery systems for therapeutic applications. The decrease in pH can improve the pH-sensitivity of drug release, and O2 can be supplied by decomposing H2O2 through the catalase-like activity of HMPBs, which is beneficial for relieving the adverse conditions of anti-tumor activity. In addition, the inner HMPB also acts as a photothermal agent for photothermal therapy and the generated hyperthermia upon laser irradiation can serve as an external stimulus to further promote drug release and enzymatic activities of GOx, thereby enabling a synergetic photothermally enhanced chemo-starvation therapy effect. Importantly, these results indicate that HMPB-GOx@ZnP-DOX NPs can effectively inhibit tumor growth by 80.31% and exhibit no obvious systemic toxicity in mice.Conclusion: HMPB-GOx@ZnP-DOX NPs can be employed as potential theranostic agents that incorporate multiple therapeutic modes to efficiently inhibit tumors. Keywords: Prussian Blue, glucose oxidase, co-delivery system, photothermal therapy, chemotherapy

Objective Addressing the current issues of relatively limited system choices, large engineering investment, and high proportion of underground lines, the adaptability of medium-low speed maglev lines in city (suburban) railway is analyzed, and diversified system choices are provided for city (suburban) railway development. Method The functional positioning of city (suburban) railway and the technical characteristics of medium-low speed maglev lines are introduced. Combining with the technical requirements of city (suburban) railway, a detailed comparative analysis is conducted between medium-low speed maglev lines and wheel-rail lines from aspects including line adaptability, maximum operational speed, environmental compatibility, transportation capacity adaptability, interoperability and resource sharing, comprehensive energy consumption, engineering investment. Result & Conclusion Research results show that medium-low speed maglev lines have unique advantages in adaptability, environmental compatibility, ride comfort, and engineering investment, hence highly suitable for city railway lines characterized by significant terrain variations, longer urban routes, relatively independent service areas, and moderate passenger traffic volume.

Abstract Coronary artery disease (CAD) such as acute myocardial infarction (MI) share several common risk factors with cancers, and each disease may influence the prognosis of the other. Recently, acute MI was demonstrated to accelerate the outgrowth of preexisting breast cancer cells but the risk of breast cancer after MI remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between acute MI and a subsequent diagnosis of breast cancer. Female patients with and without a history of acute MI were identified from nationwide databases in Taiwan. Patients with a diagnosis of cancer, MI or CAD prior to the study period were excluded. After reducing confounding through inverse probability of treatment weighting, we compared the incidence of newly diagnosed breast cancer between patients with a history of acute MI and those without. As a result, a total of 66,445 female patients were obtained, including 15,263 patients with a history of acute MI and 51,182 patients without. The incidences of breast cancer during follow-up were 1.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.78–2.09) and 1.80 (95% CI 1.67–1.93) per 1,000 person-years for patients with and without a history of acute MI, respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) was 1.05 (95% CI 0.78–1.41, P = 0.756). In subgroup analysis, breast cancer risk was significantly associated with acute MI in patients using antidiabetic drugs (HR 1.27; 95% CI 1.02–1.58) and in low to moderate urbanization levels (HR 1.28; 95% CI 1.06–1.53). In conclusion, the risk of newly diagnosed breast cancer was not increased in patients with acute MI when compared to general population without MI or CAD.

Abstract 3-dB couplers, which are commonly used in photonic integrated circuits for on-chip information processing, precision measurement, and quantum computing, face challenges in achieving robust performance due to their limited 3-dB bandwidths and sensitivity to fabrication errors. To address this, we introduce topological physics to nanophotonics, developing a framework for topological 3-dB couplers. These couplers exhibit broad working wavelength range and robustness against fabrication dimensional errors. By leveraging valley-Hall topology and mirror symmetry, the photonic-crystal-slab couplers achieve ideal 3-dB splitting characterized by a wavelength-insensitive scattering matrix. Tolerance analysis confirms the superiority on broad bandwidth of 48 nm and robust splitting against dimensional errors of 20 nm. We further propose a topological interferometer for on-chip distance measurement, which also exhibits robustness against dimensional errors. This extension of topological principles to the fields of interferometers, may open up new possibilities for constructing robust wavelength division multiplexing, temperature-drift-insensitive sensing, and optical coherence tomography applications.

Jinling Hou,1,&ast; Xiaoyan Wang,1,&ast; Jian Zhang,1 Zhuojun Shen,1 Xiang Li,2 Yuanxiao Yang2 1School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yuanxiao Yang; Xiang Li, Email yyx104475@163.com; leexiang2004@126.comBackground and Aim: Previous studies of our research group have shown that Chuanxiong Renshen Decoction (CRD) has the effect of treating AD, but the exact mechanism of its effect is still not clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and mechanism of CRD on AD neuroinflammation.Materials and Methods: Morris Water Maze (MWM) tests were employed to assess the memory and learning capacity of AD mice. HE and Nissl staining were used to observe the neural cells of mice. The expression of Iba-1 and CD86 were detected by immunohistochemical staining. Utilize UHPLC-MS/MS metabolomics techniques and the KEGG to analyze the metabolic pathways of CRD against AD. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced BV2 microglia cells to construct a neuroinflammatory model. The expression of Iba-1 and CD86 were detected by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β were detected by ELISA. Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of PPARγ, p-NF-κB p65, NF-κB p65 proteins and inflammatory cytokines iNOS and COX-2 in PPARγ/NF-κB pathway with and without PPARγ inhibitor GW9662.Results: CRD ameliorated the learning and memory ability of 3×Tg-AD mice, repaired the damaged nerve cells in the hippocampus, reduced the area of Iba-1 and CD86 positive areas in both the hippocampus and cortex regions, as well as attenuated serum levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in mice. CRD-containing serum significantly decreased the expression level of Iba-1, significantly reduced the levels of TNF–α and IL-1β, significantly increased the protein expression of PPARγ, and significantly decreased the proteins expression of iNOS, COX-2 and p-NF-κB p65 in BV2 microglia cells. After addition of PPARγ inhibitor GW9662, the inhibitory effect of CRD-containing serum on NF-κB activation was significantly weakened.Conclusion: CRD can activate PPARγ, regulating PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway, inhibiting microglia over-activation and reducing AD neuroinflammation.Keywords: Alzheimer’disease, Chuanxiong Renshen Decoction, UHPLC-MS/MS, neuroinflammation, PPAR&#x03B3

The 2.5D carbon glass hybrid woven composite (CGHWC) is currently being utilized as a protective material for the external cables of solid rockets due to its extensive advantages in terms of structural load-bearing and integrated thermal insulation. This study reveals that 2.5D hybrid woven composites, prepared using T300 and T800, exhibit improved compression and tensile properties, respectively. T300 and T800 carbon fibers are preferred for the preparation of 2.5D CGHWC, with a volume fraction of carbon fibers along the weft yarn ranging from 20 to 60%. As the proportion of carbon fibers increases, the weft tensile and compressive strength of the composite material progressively improve, resulting in a maximum increase of 67% in tensile strength and 52% in compressive strength. The optimal volume fraction of carbon fibers was found to be 40%. The performance retention of low-cost hybrid composite materials was investigated, and it was found that even when the cost of carbon fibers decreased by 87.5%, the mechanical properties could still be maintained at above 85%. This article has expanded the mechanical performance database of hybrid composite materials, providing data support and theoretical foundation for the large-scale engineering application of composite materials.

As China’s electricity market reform progresses， market-based customers can not only participate in medium-to-long-term markets but also engage in the spot market based on their electricity procurement needs. The decomposition strategy for long-term contract energy is directly related to electricity purchasing decisions in the spot market. To rationalize curve decomposition of medium-to-long-term energy of market-based customers and reduce their overall electricity costs， this paper proposes a curve decomposition strategy for medium-to-long term contract energy of market-based customers considering price uncertainty in spot market. Drawing upon information gap decision theory （IGDT）， it proposes two types of uncertainty analysis models—risk-averse models and risk-seeking models—to establish a quantitative relationship between the total electricity costs of market-based customers and the accuracy of spot market price predictions. Case study results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can effectively support energy decomposition decisions for customers while considering price uncertainty in spot market.

Grid-forming （GFM） converters， known for their superior inertia damping characteristics， have emerged as a center research focus in the renewable energy sector. As a result， the damping characteristics of GFM wind power converters are first examined. The analysis centers on their equivalent external characteristics from an impedance standpoint， and the Bode stability criterion is utilized to study their stability during grid connection. Subsequently， the frequency support characteristics of GFM wind power converters are examined in terms of inertia. A comparative investigation is undertaken via simulation analysis to gauge the supportive capability of GFM and grid-following （GFL） wind power converters during alterations in grid frequency and power fluctuation on the wind turbine side. The findings reveal that the external impedance characteristics of GFM wind power converters not only display inductive properties but also maintain commendable stability throughout grid integration. In response to a grid malfunction， GFM wind power converters can furnish a significant measure of power support， equating to a rise in system inertia， thereby indicating favorable grid integration characteristics.

Zhiyuan Wu,1,&ast; Lili Hou,2,&ast; Cheng Li,1,&ast; Xiaohua Li,2 Ying Li1 1Department of Radio-Oncology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Breast Surgery, Suzhou Wuzhong People’s Hospital, Suzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this worksCorrespondence: Ying Li; Xiaohua Li, Email lisalee198812@163.com; xq810@163.comPurpose: Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Radiotherapy can reduce recurrence and prolong survival of patients accepting breast-conserving surgery (BCS). This study aims to compare acute skin reactions in patients receiving hypofractionated versus conventional radiotherapy at a single institution and to summarize the relevant influencing factors.Methods: This study analyzed 152 patients who underwent either hypofractionated or conventional whole-breast irradiation (WBI) after BCS. Acute skin toxicity was assessed according to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria. Predictive factors for acute skin toxicity were identified using multivariate analysis and visualized using a forest spot.Results: Grade 0 reactions occurred in 75.34% vs 70.89%, grade 1 in 16.44% vs 15.19%, grade 2 in 8.22% vs 12.66%, and grade 3 in 0% vs 1.27% of patients receiving hypofractionated and conventional WBI, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in acute skin reaction in patients treated with hypofractionated radiation compared with conventional radiation (P = 0.62). Multivariate analysis revealed that metastatic lymph nodes (P = 0.021), whole-breast planning target volume (PTV-WB) (P

The electromagnetic wave energy emitted by wireless communication equipment in coal mines can be coupled and absorbed by surrounding metal structures, which poses a risk of igniting explosive gases in the mine. The existing research on the safety of underground metal structure coupled electromagnetic waves only focuses on the analysis of the energy of metal structure equivalent impedance model coupled electromagnetic waves. It lacks research on the energy storage process of metal structure coupled electromagnetic wave energy accumulated over time. In order to solve the above problems, an equivalent energy storage structure model suitable for studying the coupling-accumulation-release electromagnetic wave energy of metal structures is proposed, namely the metal structure equivalent capacitive energy storage model and the metal structure equivalent inductive energy storage model. Firstly, by using a low attenuation transmission line model, the relationship between the output power of the transmitting antenna, the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure, and the induced voltage at the receiving end is derived. Secondly, an equivalent energy storage model of metal structure is established. The mathematical relationship between the receiving end parameters and the discharge spark energy is derived. The influence of the receiving end parameters on the discharge spark energy is analyzed. Finally, the mathematical relationship between the output power of the transmitting antenna, the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure, and the discharge spark energy is derived by analyzing the relationship between the induced voltage at the receiving end and the effective value of the induced voltage. The influence of the output power of the transmitting antenna and the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure on the discharge spark energy is analyzed. The theoretical reference safety points of the equivalent energy storage models of the two metal structures are given under the condition of other parameters being determined. The simulation results show the following points. ① For the equivalent capacitive energy storage model of metal structures, the discharge spark energy increases with the increase of the effective values of the equivalent energy storage capacitor and the induced voltage at the receiving end, and the safety point shifts to the left. The safety requirements for the effective values of the equivalent energy storage capacitor and the induced voltage at the receiving end become stricter. ② The energy of the discharge spark increases with the increase of the transmitting antenna power, and decreases with the increase of the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure. The theoretical reference safety point of the equivalent capacitive energy storage model of the metal structure is obtained. ③ For the equivalent inductive energy storage model of metal structures, the discharge spark energy increases with the increase of the effective values of the equivalent energy storage inductance and the induced voltage at the receiving end, and the safety point shifts to the left. The safety requirements for the effective values of the equivalent energy storage inductance and the induced voltage at the receiving end become stricter. ④ The energy of the discharge spark increases with the increase of the transmitting antenna power, and decreases with the increase of the distance between the transmitting antenna and the metal structure. The theoretical reference safety point of the equivalent inductive energy storage model of the metal structure is obtained. ⑤ Comparing the theoretical reference safety points of two metal structure energy storage models, it is concluded that the danger of the metal structure equivalent capacitive energy storage model is much greater than that of the metal structure equivalent inductive energy storage model.

[Objective] In order to study the effects of geosynclinal ventilation on the temperature of tall bungalow warehouse. [Methods] The numerical simulation software COMSOL was used to conduct numerical simulation of temperature field under mechanical ventilation for 96 h for tall bungalow warehouse with size of 60 m×24 m and loading height of 6 m. By establishing the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation and energy conservation equation, the variation of temperature field in the warehouse under different ventilation modes was analyzed, and the numerical simulation of different unit ventilation conditions was extended. [Results] After mechanical ventilation for 36 h, most of the grain pile below the grain line in the warehouse had dropped to 15 ℃, and after mechanical ventilation for 96 h, the temperature of the grain pile had dropped to below 15 ℃, the grain layer temperature at the distance of 1~6 m from the bottom of the warehouse all dropped below 15.2 ℃. By changing the unit ventilation rate [q=3 m3/(h·t) to q=8 m3/(h·t)], the cooling rate of the grain pile became faster. [Conclusion] The temperature of the grain pile decreases gradually from the bottom of the bin and spreads in an arc shape under the geosynclinal ventilation condition. The grain layer 1 m and 2 m away from the bottom of the warehouse is affected by the fluctuation of external environment temperature, and the temperature gradually decreased in the fluctuation. With the increase of the distance between the grain layer and the bottom of the warehouse, the temperature fluctuation gradually disappears. The temperature change of grain pile in the bin appears a certain lag, and the cooling rate of grain layer temperature decreases with the increasing distance from the bottom of the bin, and the increase of the unit ventilation rate makes the grain pile get better cooling effect.

To improve the quality of laser cladding， a finite element analysis process was established， focusing on laser power， scanning speed and powder feed rate as the main process parameters， aiming to reduce the research and development cycle and economic costs of optimizing cladding process parameters. By comparing the temperature and stress field simulation of GX4CrNi13-4 martensitic stainless steel laser cladding data with experimental results， the forming quality under different parameters is verified， optimizing the laser cladding process parameters. The results indicate that the adjustment range of laser power should be controlled between 1800 W to 2000 W to avoid substrate penetration and ensure sufficient density； increasing the powder feed rate effectively reduces temperature and residual stress. Among the three process parameters， laser power has the most significant impact on cladding quality. A comprehensive analysis of density and microhardness tests to assess the cladding quality and residual stress distribution under different parameters reveals that the optimal combination of process parameters is a laser power of 1800 W， scanning speed of 10 mm/s， powder feed rate of 10 g/min. The experimental results are consistent with the trends of stress field simulations， further validating the accuracy of the simulation data.

ObjectiveTo establish a method using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) for the detection of six common trichothecene toxins in oats.MethodsOats were selected as the research subject in this study. Response surface design was used to optimize the QuEChERS extraction method. Additionally, a rapid and efficient strategy for sample extraction and purification was developed. Combined with UHPLC-MS/MS, six commonly co-occurring trichothecene toxins in oats were quantitatively analyzed simultaneously.ResultsThis method demonstrated good analytical performance for each analyte across the corresponding concentration ranges (r>0.99), with accuracy ranging from 87.26% to 99.64%. The inter-day and intra-day relative standard deviations were less than 6.8% and 5.5%, respectively, indicating its potential for practical application. This method was used to detect mycotoxins in 12 oat samples from China, and it was found that one sample exceeded the standard limits for deoxynivalenol (DON), and the co-contamination of trichothecene toxin was prevalent.ConclusionThe risk posed by these toxins has been underestimated. Ongoing, extensive monitoring is necessary to provide contamination data to assess the consumer risk.

ObjectiveThe enumeration of wheat leaves is an essential indicator for evaluating the vegetative state of wheat and predicting its yield potential. Currently, the process of wheat leaf counting in field settings is predominantly manual, characterized by being both time-consuming and labor-intensive. Despite advancements, the efficiency and accuracy of existing automated detection and counting methodologies have yet to satisfy the stringent demands of practical agricultural applications. This study aims to develop a method for the rapid quantification of wheat leaves to refine the precision of wheat leaf tip detection.MethodsTo enhance the accuracy of wheat leaf detection, firstly, an image dataset of wheat leaves across various developmental stages—seedling, tillering, and overwintering—under two distinct lighting conditions and using visible light images sourced from both mobile devices and field camera equipmen, was constructed. Considering the robust feature extraction and multi-scale feature fusion capabilities of YOLOv8 network, the foundational architecture of the proposed model was based on the YOLOv8, to which a coordinate attention mechanism has been integrated. To expedite the model's convergence, the loss functions were optimized. Furthermore, a dedicated small object detection layer was introduced to refine the recognition of wheat leaf tips, which were typically difficult for conventional models to discern due to their small size and resemblance to background elements. This deep learning network was named as YOLOv8-CSD, tailored for the recognition of small targets such as wheat leaf tips, ascertains the leaf count by detecting the number of leaf tips present within the image. A comparative analysis was conducted on the YOLOv8-CSD model in comparison with the original YOLOv8 and six other prominent network architectures, including Faster R-CNN, Mask R-CNN, YOLOv7, and SSD, within a uniform training framework, to evaluate the model's effectiveness. In parallel, the performance of both the original and YOLOv8-CSD models was assessed under challenging conditions, such as the presence of weeds, occlusions, and fluctuating lighting, to emulate complex real-world scenarios. Ultimately, the YOLOv8-CSD model was deployed for wheat leaf number detection in intricate field conditions to confirm its practical applicability and generalization potential.Results and DiscussionsThe research presented a methodology that achieved a recognition precision of 91.6% and an mAP0.5 of 85.1% for wheat leaf tips, indicative of its robust detection capabilities. This method exceled in adaptability within complex field environments, featuring an autonomous adjustment mechanism for different lighting conditions, which significantly enhanced the model's robustness. The minimal rate of missed detections in wheat seedlings' leaf counting underscored the method's suitability for wheat leaf tip recognition in intricate field scenarios, consequently elevating the precision of wheat leaf number detection. The sophisticated algorithm embedded within this model had demonstrated a heightened capacity to discern and focus on the unique features of wheat leaf tips during the detection process. This capability was essential for overcoming challenges such as small target sizes, similar background textures, and the intricacies of feature extraction. The model's consistent performance across diverse conditions, including scenarios with weeds, occlusions, and fluctuating lighting, further substantiated its robustness and its readiness for real-world application.ConclusionsThis research offers a valuable reference for accurately detecting wheat leaf numbers in intricate field conditions, as well as robust technical support for the comprehensive and high-quality assessment of wheat growth.

Commonly plaguing in the frigid zone of the world, vitamin D deficiency, as indicated by low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, exacerbated inflammatory responses and impaired endothelial function. Leukoaraiosis (LA) is a prevalent cause of cognitive dysfunction in the elderly and is potentially associated with inflammatory responses. This study aimed to investigate the impact of vitamin D on the severity of LA.

Protein O-glycosylation, also known as mucin-type O-glycosylation, is one of the most abundant glycosylation in mammalian cells. It is initially catalyzed by a family of polypeptide GalNAc transferases (ppGalNAc-Ts). The trimeric spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 is highly glycosylated and facilitates the virus’s entry into host cells and membrane fusion of the virus. However, the functions and relationship between host ppGalNAc-Ts and O-glycosylation on the S protein remain unclear. Herein, we identify 15 O-glycosites and 10 distinct O-glycan structures on the S protein using an HCD-product-dependent triggered ETD mass spectrometric analysis. We observe that the isoenzyme T6 of ppGalNAc-Ts (ppGalNAc-T6) exhibits high O-glycosylation activity for the S protein, as demonstrated by an on-chip catalytic assay. Overexpression of ppGalNAc-T6 in HEK293 cells significantly enhances the O-glycosylation level of the S protein, not only by adding new O-glycosites but also by increasing O-glycan heterogeneity. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that O-glycosylation on the protomer-interface regions, modified by ppGalNAc-T6, potentially stabilizes the trimeric S protein structure by establishing hydrogen bonds and non-polar interactions between adjacent protomers. Furthermore, mutation frequency analysis indicates that most O-glycosites of the S protein are conserved during the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants. Taken together, our finding demonstrate that host O-glycosyltransferases dynamically regulate the O-glycosylation of the S protein, which may influence the trimeric structural stability of the protein. This work provides structural insights into the functional role of specific host O-glycosyltransferases in regulating the O-glycosylation of viral envelope proteins.

Objective To investigate the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) acupuncture combined with rehabilitation nursing on improving recovery of limb motor function and self-care ability of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Methods Totally 70 stroke patients with hemiplegia were randomly divided into the study group and control group, with 35 cases in each group. All patients received routine rehabilitation treatment, including vital sign monitoring, prevention and treatment of complications, medication guidance and rehabilitation training. Patients in the study group were given TCM acupuncture combined with rehabilitation nursing. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) scale was used to evaluate the limb motor function, and Barthel Index (BI) of Activity of Daily Living scale was used to evaluate patients’ self-care ability. (P＜0. 05). Conclusion TCM acupuncture combined with rehabilitation nursing is effective to improve recovery of limb motor function, self-care ability and quality of life of stroke patients with hemiplegia. Results Scores of the FMA scale and BI were increased in both two groups after intervention, and scores of the FMA scale and BI in the study group were higher than those in the control group (目的 探讨运用中医针灸与康复护理干预改善脑卒中偏瘫患者肢体功能和生活自理能力的效果。方法 选取医院收治70例脑卒中偏瘫患者为研究对象, 随机分成研究组和对照组, 各35例。对照组患者接受常规康复理疗和护理, 包括生命体征监测、并发症防治、药物指导、康复训练等; 研究组在常规康复理疗和护理的基础上, 增加中医针灸和康复护理干预。采用Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分(FMA)评估患者躯体功能康复情况, 采用改良Barthel指数(BMI)评估患者日常生活活动能力。结果 干预后, 两组患者FMA和BMI评分均较干预前提高, 且研究组FMA和BMI评分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。结论 中医针灸结合康复护理干预能有效改善脑卒中偏瘫患者临床症状, 促进其肢体功能康复, 提高日常自理能力, 从而改善患者生活质量。)

Crack growth analysis of aircraft fuselage panels is one of the important tasks of aircraft damage tolerance design. In this paper, the crack growth behavior and residual strength characteristics of the internal pressure panel of the aircraft fuselage with longitudinal cracks were analyzed from two aspects: damage tolerance experiment and finite element simulation. A horizontal self-balancing test device was used to apply internal pressure load to the fuselage panel to analyze the damage tolerance characteristics of the panel. Based on the finite element method, the stress field distribution at the crack tip of the fuselage panel under internal pressure load was simulated. And the analysis results of the equivalent stress intensity factor and crack growth of different crack lengths were calculated based on the fracture mechanics theory. The comparison between the crack growth results and the test results validates the feasibility of the analysis method. This serves a as a valuable reference for conducting damage tolerance analysis on aircraft fuselage panels subjected to internal pressure loads.

Objective To explore the prognostic factors of male breast cancer (MBC) patients, and construct a survival prognostic nomogram for MBC patients, and predict the 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates.Methods Patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) cancer registry database were included, along with MBC patients from the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Suining Central Hospital, and Deyang People's Hospital. Clinical baseline data and survival information of the patients were obtained. The data of patients from the SEER database served as the training coherent, and the data of patients from 3 hospitals as the validation coherent. Independent prognostic factors for the overall survival (OS) of MCB patients were determined by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. A nomogram predicting 3-year and 5-year survival rates for MBC patients was constructed based on the independent prognostic factors, and its accuracy and practical application value were assessed using calibration curves, the concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC), and decision curve analysis (DCA).Results A total of 3,387 MBC patients were included, 3,307 patients were in training coherent and 80 patients were in validation coherent. After univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of the training set, it was found that diagnostic age, histological grade, TNM stage, prgesterone receptor status, surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy were the independent prognostic factors for MBC. These factors were incorporated into the nomogram model and validated, with a C-index of 0.711 for the training set and 0.787 for the external validation set. In the training set, the nomogram showed an AUC of 0.744 for 3-year OS and an AUC of 0.720 for 5-year OS; in the validation set, the nomogram showed an AUC of 0.835 for 3-year OS and an AUC of 0.858 for 5-year OS. The ROC curve indicated good discriminative ability of the model, the calibration curve showed good predictive performance, and the DCA curve indicated high clinical utility of the model.Conclusion The nomogram provides a reliable and practical method for predicting the prognosis of MBC patients, aiding in personalized treatment decisions and thereby improving patient outcomes.

AIM: To explore retinal microvascular changes in migraine patients using meta-analysis.METHODS: The National Library of Medicine PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched to find relevant studies, and the search period was from the creation of database to June 2023. Two investigators independently screened the literatures, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of included studies using the NOS scale. STATA15.0 was used for Meta-analysis and publication bias evaluation, sensitivity analysis was performed for results with large heterogeneity, and the funnel plot and Egger were used to assess the publication bias of the literature.RESULTS:A total of 12 studies, including 217 patients(252 eyes)with migraine with aura(MA), 283 patients(388 eyes)with migraine without aura(MO), and 374 healthy individuals(479 eyes), were included in this Meta-analysis. Several optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)indicators, including foveal avascular zone(FAZ)macular or optic disc perfusion density were compared and analyzed. The Meta-analysis results showed that compared with healthy controls, patients with MA had a significant increase in FAZ area and perimeter, a significant decrease in perfusion density of the macular deep capillary plexus(mDCP)except for the fovea, and a significant decrease in perfusion density of the radial peripapillary capillaries(RPC)around the optic disc; the FAZ parameters were significantly increased in MO, while the differences in perfusion density of the macular superficial capillary plexus(mSCP), mDCP and RPC were not statistically significant, except for the perfusion density in the parafovea mDCP.CONCLUSIONS: Both MA and MO patients had an enlarged FAZ area, patients with MA had a significant decrease in mDCP perfusion density, and migraine patients had some degree of retinal ischemia.

Lin Sun,1,2,&ast; Xu Zhao,1 Yunting Guo,1,&ast; Xiaomin Hou,3– 5 Jieru Li,6 Xiaoxia Ren,7 Lin Dong,1 Ruifeng Liang,1 Jisheng Nie,1 Yiwei Shi,2 Xiaojiang Qin1,2,4,5,8 1School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 4China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China; 5Environmental Exposures Vascular Disease Institute, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Foreign Languages, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People’s Republic of China; 8Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaojiang Qin, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-18735379826, Email sph@sxmu.edu.cn Yiwei Shi, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 85 Jiefang South Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030001, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-13835193132, Email chinasyw225@163.comPurpose: Smoking is a major risk factor for the group 3 PH. NT-proBNP is a biomarker for risk stratification in PH. This study aims to investigate the effects of smoking status and smoking index (SI) on group 3 PH and to evaluate the value of SI and SI combined with NT-proBNP in early diagnosis and prediction of disease severity.Patients and Methods: Four hundred patients with group 3 PH at the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University between January 2020 and December 2021 were enrolled and divided into two groups: mild (30 mmHg ≤ pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP)≤ 50 mmHg) and non-mild (PASP > 50 mmHg). The effect of smoking on group 3 PH was analyzed using univariate analysis, and logistic analysis was conducted to evaluate the risk of group 3 PH according to smoking status and SI. Spearman correlation coefficient was used to test the correlation between SI and the index of group 3 PH severity. The predictive value of SI was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results: Correlation and logistic analyses showed that SI was associated with PH severity. Smoking status (P=0.009) and SI (P=0.039) were independent risk factors for non-mild group 3 PH, and ROC showed that the predictive value of SI (AUC:0.596) for non-mild PH was better than that of the recognized pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) (AUC:0.586). SI can be used as a single predictive marker. SI and NT-proBNP can be formulated as prediction models for screening non-mild clinical cases (AUC:0.628).Conclusion: SI is a potentially ideal non-invasive predictive marker for group 3 PH. SI and NT-proBNP could be used to develop a prediction model for screening non-mild PH cases. This can greatly improve the predictive specificity of the established PH marker, NT-proBNP.Keywords: smoking index, NT-proBNP, pulmonary hypertension, chronic lung disease, predictive value