195 results on '"Hoefer, M."'
Search Results
152. Learning market parameters using aggregate demand queries
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Bei, X., Wei Chen, Garg, J., Hoefer, M., and Sun, X.
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General Medicine - Abstract
We study efficient algorithms for a natural learning problem in markets. There is one seller with m divisible goods and n buyers with unknown individual utility functions and budgets of money. The seller can repeatedly announce prices and observe aggregate demand bundles requested by the buyers. The goal of the seller is to learn the utility functions and budgets of the buyers. Our scenario falls into the classic domain of ''revealed preference'' analysis. Problems with revealed preference have recently started to attract increased interest in computer science due to their fundamental nature in understanding customer behavior in electronic markets. The goal of revealed preference analysis is to observe rational agent behavior, to explain it using a suitable model for the utility functions, and to predict future agent behavior. Our results are the first polynomial-time algorithms to learn utility and budget parameters via revealed preference queries in classic Fisher markets with multiple buyers. Our analysis concentrates on linear, CES, and Leontief markets, which are the most prominent classes studied in the literature. Some of our results extend to general Arrow-Debreu exchange markets.
153. Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are downregulated in primary breast cancer
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Boneberg, E M, Legler, D F, Hoefer, M M, Ohlschlegel, C, Steininger, H, Füzesi, L, Beer, G M, Dupont-Lampert, V, Otto, F, Senn, H J, and Fürstenberger, G
- Subjects
3. Good health
154. Histoire de la chimie, par Ferdinand Hoefer.
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Hoefer, Hoefer, M. (Jean Chrétien Ferdinand), 1811-1878., Hoefer, and Hoefer, M. (Jean Chrétien Ferdinand), 1811-1878.
- Abstract
We have determined this item to be in the public domain according to US copyright law through information in the bibliographic record and/or US copyright renewal records. The digital version is available for all educational uses worldwide. Please contact HathiTrust staff at hathitrust-help@umich.edu with any questions about this item., Chemistry--History., (LCCN)14022410., Sdr-nrlfGLAD50421240-B., (OCoLC)ocm02299238., Sdr-ia-srlf100162., QD14 .H7., QD 11 .H693 1866., Http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b24008., Http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b24009., Http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015078144188., Http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t1mg7z55c., Http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015078144170., Http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t0dv1vt51.
155. Histoire de l'astronomie : depuis ses origines jusqu'a nos jours
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Hoefer, M. (Jean Chrétien Ferdinand), 1811-1878 and Hoefer, M. (Jean Chrétien Ferdinand), 1811-1878
156. The relation of body weight to length of stay and charges for hospital services for patients undergoing elective surgery: a study of two procedures.
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Epstein, A M, primary, Read, J L, additional, and Hoefer, M, additional
- Published
- 1987
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157. Multidisciplinary treatment of obesity with a protein-sparing modified fast: results in 668 outpatients.
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Palgi, A, primary, Read, J L, additional, Greenberg, I, additional, Hoefer, M A, additional, Bistrian, B R, additional, and Blackburn, G L, additional
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- 1985
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158. TPD, AES, Δφ and LEED investigations of cesium adsorbed on Ag(100)
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Stolz, H., Höfer, M., and Wassmuth, H.-W.
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- 1993
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159. Interaction of SO 2 with clean and Cs-precovered Ag(100)
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Höfer, M., Stolz, H., and Wassmuth, H.-W.
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- 1992
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160. Coadsorption of SO 2 and Cs on Ag(100)
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Höfer, M., Stolz, H., and Wassmuth, H.-W.
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- 1993
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161. Interaction of SO~2 with Single Crystal Metal Surfaces
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Wassmuth, H.-W., Ahner, J., Hoefer, M., and Stolz, H.
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- 1993
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- View/download PDF
162. TPD, AES, cap deltaf and LEED investigations of cesium adsorbed on Ag(100)
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Stolz, H., Hoefer, M., and Wassmuth, H.-W.
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- 1993
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163. Addiction Teaching and Training in the General Psychiatry Setting.
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DeJong SM, Balasanova AA, Frank A, Ruble AE, Frew JR, Hoefer M, Rakocevic DB, Carey T, Renner JA, and Schwartz AC
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- Humans, Teaching, Behavior, Addictive, Internship and Residency, Psychiatry education
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- 2022
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164. Low-Cost Force Sensors Embedded in Physical Human-Machine Interfaces: Concept, Exemplary Realization on Upper-Body Exoskeleton, and Validation.
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Hoffmann N, Ersoysal S, Prokop G, Hoefer M, and Weidner R
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- Ergonomics, Humans, Upper Extremity, Exoskeleton Device, Robotics, Wearable Electronic Devices
- Abstract
In modern times, the collaboration between humans and machines increasingly rises, combining their respective benefits. The direct physical support causes interaction forces in human-machine interfaces, whereas their form determines both the effectiveness and comfort of the collaboration. However, their correct detection requires various sensor characteristics and remains challenging. Thus, this paper presents a developed low-cost sensor pad working with a silicone capsule and a piezoresistive pressure sensor. Its measurement accuracy is validated in both an isolated testing environment and a laboratory study with four test subjects (gender-balanced), and an application integrated in interfaces of an active upper-body exoskeleton. In the material-testing machine, it becomes apparent that the sensor pad generally features the capability of reliably determining normal forces on its surface until a certain threshold. This is also proven in the real application, where the measurement data of three sensor pads spatially embedded in the exoskeletal interface are compared to the data of an installed multi-axis load cell and a high-resolution flexible pressure map. Here, the consideration of three sensor pads potentially enables detection of exoskeletal support on the upper arm as well as "poor" fit conditions such as uneven pressure distributions that recommend immediate system adjustments for ergonomic improvements.
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- 2022
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165. Quality Reporting by Payers: A Mixed-Methods Study of Provider Perspectives and Practices.
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Garabedian LF, Sinaiko AD, Ross-Degnan D, Abu-Jaber T, Hoefer M, Oddleifson S, and Wagner AK
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- Humans, Interviews as Topic, Quality Indicators, Health Care, Quality of Health Care organization & administration, Insurance, Health, Quality Assurance, Health Care methods
- Abstract
Background: Providers need timely, clinically meaningful, and actionable information to improve quality of care. Payers may play an important role in providing such information in ambulatory care settings. We sought to learn about providers' use and perceptions of quality reports from insurers., Methods: We employed a mixed-methods study design. We analyzed the performance of 118 provider groups on 21 HEDIS measures included in one New England insurer's quality reporting program and evaluated how a subset of provider groups (n = 55) accessed the reports. We also conducted 14 semistructured interviews with providers and administrators to assess their perspectives about quality reports from insurers in general., Results: Performance on quality measures varied greatly across provider groups and by metric. Only 20% of provider groups accessed the quality reports during the study period. While providers reported that payer information on quality has the potential to be useful, respondents suggested important reasons why insurer quality reports were not widely accessed, including information overload, conflicts with other sources of information, and the significant provider effort required to make the reports actionable., Conclusions: Payer-provider collaborations are needed to improve the usefulness of payers' quality measurement reports, and coordination among payers is needed to streamline reported measures.
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- 2018
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166. H + translocation by weak acid uncouplers is independent of H + electrochemical gradient.
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Plášek J, Babuka D, and Hoefer M
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- Biological Transport drug effects, Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone pharmacology, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration drug effects, Membrane Potentials drug effects, Protons, Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolism, Uncoupling Agents pharmacology
- Abstract
According to the common view, weak acid uncouplers increase proton conductance of biological (and phospholipid bilayer) membranes, thus effecting H
+ fluxes driven by their electrochemical gradients. Under certain conditions, however, uncouplers can induce unexpected effects opposite to the dissipation of H+ gradients. Results are presented here demonstrating CCCP-induced proton influx into Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytosol driven by the electrochemical potentials of CCCP and its CCCP- anions, independent of electrochemical H+ -gradient. Another view of week acid uncouplers' action is proposed that is logically consistent with these observations.- Published
- 2017
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167. A novel method for assessment of local pH in periplasmic space and of cell surface potential in yeast.
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Plášek J, Babuka D, Gášková D, Jančíková I, Zahumenský J, and Hoefer M
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- Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Methods, Saccharomyces cerevisiae cytology, Spectrometry, Fluorescence methods, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Membrane Potentials, Periplasm chemistry, Saccharomyces cerevisiae chemistry
- Abstract
Yeast cells exhibit a negative surface potential due to negative charges at the cell membrane surface. Consequently, local concentrations of cations at the periplasmic membrane surface may be significantly increased compared to their bulk environment. However, in cell suspensions only bulk concentrations of cations can be measured directly. Here we present a novel method enabling the assessment of local pH at the periplasmic membrane surface which can be directly related to the underlying cell surface potential. In this proof of concept study using Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells with episomally expressed pH reporter, pHluorin, intracellular acidification induced by the addition of the protonophore carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP) was measured using synchronously scanned fluorescence spectroscopy (SSF). The analysis of titration curves revealed that the pH at the periplasmic surface of S. cerevisiae cells was about two units lower than the pH of bulk medium. This pH difference was significantly decreased by increasing the ionic strength of the bulk medium. The cell surface potential was estimated to amount to -130 mV. Comparable results were obtained also with another protonophore, pentachlorophenol (PCP).
- Published
- 2017
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168. Using Clinical Signs and Symptoms for Medical Management of Radiation Casualties - 2015 NATO Exercise.
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Dörr H, Abend M, Blakely WF, Bolduc DL, Boozer D, Costeira T, Dant T, De Amicis A, De Sanctis S, Dondey M, Drouet M, Entine F, Francois S, Gagna G, Guitard N, Hérodin F, Hoefer M, Lamkowski A, La Sala G, Lista F, Loiacono P, Majewski M, Martigne P, Métivier D, Michel X, Pateux J, Pejchal J, Reeves G, Riccobono D, Sinkorova Z, Soyez L, Stricklin D, Tichy A, Valente M, Woodruff CR Jr, Zarybnicka L, and Port M
- Subjects
- Acute Radiation Syndrome therapy, Hospitalization, Humans, International Agencies, Radiation Dosage, Radioactive Hazard Release, Time Factors, Acute Radiation Syndrome diagnosis, Mass Casualty Incidents
- Abstract
The utility of early-phase (≤5 days) radiation-induced clinical signs and symptoms (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea, erythema and changes in blood cell counts) was examined for the prediction of later occurring acute radiation syndrome (ARS) severity and the development of medical management strategies. Medical treatment protocols for radiation accident victims (METREPOL) was used to grade ARS severities, which were assigned response categories (RCs). Data on individuals (n = 191) with mild (RC1, n = 45), moderate (RC2, n = 19), severe (RC3, n = 20) and fatal (RC4, n = 18) ARS, as well as nonexposed individuals (RC0, n = 89) were generated using either METREPOL (n = 167) or the system for evaluation and archiving of radiation accidents based on case histories (SEARCH) database (n = 24), the latter comprised of real-case descriptions. These data were converted into tables reflecting clinical signs and symptoms, and submitted to eight teams representing five participating countries. The teams were comprised of medical doctors, biologists and pharmacists with subject matter expertise. The tables comprised cumulated clinical data from day 1-3 and day 1-5 postirradiation. While it would have reflected a more realistic scenario to provide the data to the teams over the course of a 3- or 5-day period, the logistics of doing so proved too challenging. In addition, the team members participating in this exercise chose to receive the cumulated reports of day 1-3 and 1-5. The teams were tasked with predicting ARS incidence, ARS severity and the requirement for hospitalization for multiple cases, as well as providing the certainty of their diagnosis. Five of the teams also performed dose estimates. The teams did not employ harmonized methodologies, and the expertise among the members varied, as did the tools used and the means of analyzing the clinical data. The earliest report time was 3 h after the tables were sent to the team members. The majority of cases developing ARS (89.6% ± 3.3 SD) and requiring hospitalization (88.8% ± 4.6 SD) were correctly identified by all teams. Determination of ARS severity was particularly challenging for RC2-3, which was systematically overestimated. However, RC4 was correctly predicted at 94-100% by all teams. RC0 and RC1 ARS severities were more difficult to discriminate. When reported RCs (0-1 and 3-4) were merged, on average 89.6% (±3.3 SD) of all cases could be correctly classified. Comparisons on frequency distributions revealed no statistically significant differences among the following: 1. reported ARS from different teams (P > 0.2); 2. cases generated based on METREPOL or SEARCH (P > 0.5); or 3. results reported at day 3 and 5 postirradiation (P > 0.1). Dose estimates of all teams increased significantly along with ARS severity (P < 0.0001) as well as with dose estimates generated from dicentric chromosomal-aberration measurements available for SEARCH cases (P < 0.0001). In summary, early-phase radiation-induced clinical signs and symptoms proved to be useful for rapid and accurate assessment, with minor limitations, toward predicting life-threatening ARS severity and developing treatment management strategies.
- Published
- 2017
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169. Prescription drug monitoring programs and buprenorphine maintenance: clinical considerations.
- Author
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Hoefer M and Petrakis I
- Subjects
- Adult, Buprenorphine, Naloxone Drug Combination, Controlled Substances, Databases, Factual legislation & jurisprudence, Drug and Narcotic Control legislation & jurisprudence, Government Programs legislation & jurisprudence, Humans, Male, Prescription Drug Diversion, Recurrence, Buprenorphine therapeutic use, Naloxone therapeutic use, Narcotic Antagonists therapeutic use, Opioid-Related Disorders drug therapy, Prescription Drug Misuse
- Published
- 2014
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170. Tactile stimulation and hemispheric asymmetries modulate auditory perception and neural responses in primary auditory cortex.
- Author
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Hoefer M, Tyll S, Kanowski M, Brosch M, Schoenfeld MA, Heinze HJ, and Noesselt T
- Subjects
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cues, Humans, Male, Young Adult, Auditory Cortex physiology, Auditory Perception physiology, Nerve Net physiology, Neuronal Plasticity physiology, Perceptual Masking physiology, Physical Stimulation methods, Touch physiology
- Abstract
Although multisensory integration has been an important area of recent research, most studies focused on audiovisual integration. Importantly, however, the combination of audition and touch can guide our behavior as effectively which we studied here using psychophysics and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We tested whether task-irrelevant tactile stimuli would enhance auditory detection, and whether hemispheric asymmetries would modulate these audiotactile benefits using lateralized sounds. Spatially aligned task-irrelevant tactile stimuli could occur either synchronously or asynchronously with the sounds. Auditory detection was enhanced by non-informative synchronous and asynchronous tactile stimuli, if presented on the left side. Elevated fMRI-signals to left-sided synchronous bimodal stimulation were found in primary auditory cortex (A1). Adjacent regions (planum temporale, PT) expressed enhanced BOLD-responses for synchronous and asynchronous left-sided bimodal conditions. Additional connectivity analyses seeded in right-hemispheric A1 and PT for both bimodal conditions showed enhanced connectivity with right-hemispheric thalamic, somatosensory and multisensory areas that scaled with subjects' performance. Our results indicate that functional asymmetries interact with audiotactile interplay which can be observed for left-lateralized stimulation in the right hemisphere. There, audiotactile interplay recruits a functional network of unisensory cortices, and the strength of these functional network connections is directly related to subjects' perceptual sensitivity., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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171. Spin torque-generated magnetic droplet solitons.
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Mohseni SM, Sani SR, Persson J, Nguyen TN, Chung S, Pogoryelov Y, Muduli PK, Iacocca E, Eklund A, Dumas RK, Bonetti S, Deac A, Hoefer MA, and Akerman J
- Abstract
Dissipative solitons have been reported in a wide range of nonlinear systems, but the observation of their magnetic analog has been experimentally challenging. Using spin transfer torque underneath a nanocontact on a magnetic thin film with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), we have observed the generation of dissipative magnetic droplet solitons and report on their rich dynamical properties. Micromagnetic simulations identify a wide range of automodulation frequencies, including droplet oscillatory motion, droplet "spinning," and droplet "breather" states. The droplet can be controlled by using both current and magnetic fields and is expected to have applications in spintronics, magnonics, and PMA-based domain-wall devices.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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172. Low-dose theophylline reduces symptoms of acute mountain sickness.
- Author
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Küpper TE, Strohl KP, Hoefer M, Gieseler U, Netzer CM, and Netzer NC
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- Acute Disease, Adult, Bronchodilator Agents administration & dosage, Delayed-Action Preparations, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Double-Blind Method, Germany, Humans, Male, Treatment Outcome, Acclimatization physiology, Altitude Sickness prevention & control, Mountaineering physiology, Theophylline administration & dosage
- Abstract
Objective: Headache, nausea, and sleeplessness at altitude [acute mountain sickness (AMS)] are major health problems for several million mountain recreationists who ascend to high altitudes each year. We aimed to test the efficacy of low-dose, slow-release theophylline for the prevention of AMS in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial., Methods: Twenty healthy male volunteers (mean age 34.7 y) were randomized (random allocation) to receive either 300 mg theophylline daily or placebo 5 days prior, during ascent, and during a stay at 4,559 m altitude. AMS symptoms were collected using the Lake Louise Score on each day during ascent and at high altitude. A 12-channel sleep recorder recorded sleep and breathing parameters during the first night at 4,559 m. Theophylline serum levels were drawn prior to the sleep study., Results: Seventeen completed the entire study. Theophylline (n = 9) compared to placebo (n = 8) significantly reduced AMS symptoms at 4,559 m (Lake Louise Score: 1.5 +/- 0.5 vs placebo 2.3 +/- 2.37; p < 0.001), events of periodic breathing (34.3/h vs placebo 74.2/h; p < 0.05), and oxygen desaturations (62.3/h vs placebo 121.6/h; p < 0.01). No significant differences in sleep efficiency or sleep structure were present in the two groups. No adverse drug effects were reported., Conclusions: Low-dose, slow-release theophylline reduces symptoms of AMS in association with alleviation of events of periodic breathing and oxygen desaturations.
- Published
- 2008
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173. Expression of the CDR1 efflux pump in clinical Candida albicans isolates is controlled by a negative regulatory element.
- Author
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Gaur NA, Manoharlal R, Saini P, Prasad T, Mukhopadhyay G, Hoefer M, Morschhäuser J, and Prasad R
- Subjects
- ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters genetics, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters metabolism, Azoles pharmacology, Candida albicans drug effects, Candida albicans genetics, Candida albicans metabolism, Drug Resistance physiology, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal drug effects, Promoter Regions, Genetic genetics, Recombinant Proteins metabolism, Fungal Proteins genetics, Fungal Proteins metabolism, Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal physiology, Genes, Regulator genetics, Membrane Transport Proteins genetics, Membrane Transport Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Resistance to azole antifungal drugs in clinical isolates of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans is often caused by constitutive overexpression of the CDR1 gene, which encodes a multidrug efflux pump of the ABC transporter superfamily. To understand the relevance of a recently identified negative regulatory element (NRE) in the CDR1 promoter for the control of CDR1 expression in the clinical scenario, we investigated the effect of mutation or deletion of the NRE on CDR1 expression in two matched pairs of azole-sensitive and resistant clinical isolates of C. albicans. Expression of GFP or lacZ reporter genes from the wild type CDR1 promoter was much higher in the azole-resistant C. albicans isolates than in the azole-susceptible isolates, reflecting the known differences in CDR1 expression in these strains. Deletion or mutation of the NRE resulted in enhanced reporter gene expression in azole-sensitive strains, but did not further increase the already high CDR1 promoter activity in the azole-resistant strains. In agreement with these findings, electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed a reduced binding to the NRE of nuclear extracts from the resistant C. albicans isolates as compared with extracts from the sensitive isolates. These results demonstrate that the NRE is involved in maintaining CDR1 expression at basal levels and that this repression is overcome in azole-resistant clinical C. albicans isolates, resulting in constitutive CDR1 overexpression and concomitant drug resistance.
- Published
- 2005
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174. Plasma adenosine during investigation of hypoxic ventilatory response.
- Author
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Drumm D, Hoefer M, Juhász J, Huszár E, and Sybrecht GW
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- Adult, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Female, Humans, Hypoxia metabolism, Male, Middle Aged, Oximetry, Oxygen metabolism, Oxygen Consumption, Spirometry, Adenosine blood, Hypoxia blood, Vasodilation
- Abstract
Adenosine, an endogenous nucleoside, is released by hypoxic tissue, causes vasodilation, and influences ventilation. Its effects are mediated by P1-purinoceptors. We examined to what extent the plasma adenosine concentration in the peripheral venous blood correlates with hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) and ventilatory drive P0.1 to find out whether endogenously formed adenosine has an influence on the individual ventilatory drive under hypoxic conditions. While investigating the HVR of 14 healthy subjects, the ventilatory drive P0.1 was measured with the shutter of a spirometer. Determination of the ventilatory drive P0.1(RA) started under room air conditions (21% O (2)) and then inspiratory gas was changed to a hypoxic mixture of 10% O (2) in N (2) to determine P0.1(Hyp). At the time of the P0.1 measurements, two blood samples were taken to determine the adenosine concentrations. After removal of cellular components and proteins, samples were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). Both adenosine concentrations in plasma under room air (r = 0.59, p < 0.05) and adenosine concentrations under hypoxia (r = 0.75, p < 0.01) correlated significantly with the ventilatory drive P0.1. In addition, plasma adenosine concentrations during hypoxic conditions showed a significant correlation with HVR on the 0.01 level (r = 0.71, p < 0.01). The results indicate a possible role of endogenous adenosine in the regulation of breathing in humans. We assume that endogenous adenosine influences the HVR and the ventilatory drive, probably by modulating the carotid body chemoreceptor response to hypoxia.
- Published
- 2004
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175. Identification of farnesoid X receptor beta as a novel mammalian nuclear receptor sensing lanosterol.
- Author
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Otte K, Kranz H, Kober I, Thompson P, Hoefer M, Haubold B, Remmel B, Voss H, Kaiser C, Albers M, Cheruvallath Z, Jackson D, Casari G, Koegl M, Pääbo S, Mous J, Kremoser C, and Deuschle U
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Cholesterol metabolism, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Complementary genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins chemistry, Dimerization, Dogs, Humans, Ligands, Male, Mice, Molecular Sequence Data, Primates, Protein Structure, Quaternary, Pseudogenes, Rabbits, Rats, Transcription Factors chemistry, DNA-Binding Proteins genetics, DNA-Binding Proteins metabolism, Lanosterol metabolism, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear genetics, Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear metabolism, Transcription Factors genetics, Transcription Factors metabolism
- Abstract
Nuclear receptors are ligand-modulated transcription factors. On the basis of the completed human genome sequence, this family was thought to contain 48 functional members. However, by mining human and mouse genomic sequences, we identified FXRbeta as a novel family member. It is a functional receptor in mice, rats, rabbits, and dogs but constitutes a pseudogene in humans and primates. Murine FXRbeta is widely coexpressed with FXR in embryonic and adult tissues. It heterodimerizes with RXRalpha and stimulates transcription through specific DNA response elements upon addition of 9-cis-retinoic acid. Finally, we identified lanosterol as a candidate endogenous ligand that induces coactivator recruitment and transcriptional activation by mFXRbeta. Lanosterol is an intermediate of cholesterol biosynthesis, which suggests a direct role in the control of cholesterol biosynthesis in nonprimates. The identification of FXRbeta as a novel functional receptor in nonprimate animals sheds new light on the species differences in cholesterol metabolism and has strong implications for the interpretation of genetic and pharmacological studies of FXR-directed physiologies and drug discovery programs.
- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
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176. Comparing benefits and risks of immunization.
- Author
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Bigham M and Hoefer M
- Subjects
- British Columbia, Child, Child, Preschool, Haemophilus influenzae type b virology, Humans, Incidence, Measles epidemiology, Meningitis, Haemophilus epidemiology, Poliomyelitis epidemiology, Risk, Rubella epidemiology, Immunization Programs, Measles prevention & control, Meningitis, Haemophilus prevention & control, Poliomyelitis prevention & control, Rubella prevention & control, Vaccines adverse effects, Vaccines therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: This paper uses a straightforward method of quantifying the benefits and risks of immunization, illustrated by universal immunization programs in British Columbia against invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b disease (Hib), measles, rubella, and paralytic poliomyelitis., Methods: Data were extracted from provincial communicable disease and vaccine adverse event surveillance systems. Average disease incidence was compared before and after implementing universal immunization programs. Estimates of prevented deaths and serious disease complications were calculated and compared with expected numbers of serious vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs)., Results: Average incidence of reported cases decreased 90 to 100% over a 5-year period after implementing universal programs. These benefits were sustained or strengthened over time. Rates of reported serious VAAEs were low., Discussion: The remarkable success of immunization has created a paradox. Despite a low absolute risk of serious VAAEs, the relative risk of some VAAEs can exceed risk of disease in the province.
- Published
- 2001
177. [Hypoxemia-induced symptomatology of sleep apnea].
- Author
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Hoefer M and Sybrecht GW
- Subjects
- Humans, Hypertension etiology, Hypoxia physiopathology, Sleep Apnea Syndromes physiopathology, Blood Pressure, Heart Rate, Hypoxia complications, Sleep Apnea Syndromes complications
- Published
- 2000
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178. [Diagnostic value of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy with indium-111 pentetreotide in small-cell bronchial carcinoma].
- Author
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Hoefer M, Schmidt S, Welter J, Kirsch CM, Ukena D, and Sybrecht GW
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Carcinoma, Small Cell pathology, Female, Humans, Lung Neoplasms pathology, Lymphatic Metastasis, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasm Staging, Sensitivity and Specificity, Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon, Carcinoma, Small Cell diagnostic imaging, Indium Radioisotopes, Lung Neoplasms diagnostic imaging, Receptors, Somatostatin analysis, Somatostatin analogs & derivatives
- Abstract
Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) cells may express somatostatin receptors [14]. Receptor-positive tissue can be visualised in vivo by scintigraphy with radiolabelled somatostatin analogues. In a prospective study we examined 18 patients with histologically proven SCLC for the diagnostic value of somatostatin receptor scintigraphy using indium-111 pentetreotide. Planar whole body scanning was performed 4 and 24 hours after administration. Additional SPECT imaging of the thorax and the abdomen was done at 24 hours. The results were compared with conventional staging procedures: ultrasound, x-ray, computed tomography and bone scintigraphy. In all 18 patients the primary tumour was correctly identified. Out of 13 patients with mediastinal lymphoma formation 10 patients showed positive SRS. In 2 more patients SRS showed mediastinal uptake while CT scanning was negative. The detection of distant metastases in patients with extensive disease was true positive in 8 cases (OSS, HEP, BRA), false negative in 4 cases (PLE, ADR, HEP), corresponding to a sensitivity of 67%. In 2 patients cerebral metastases were no longer detectable by SRS after previous local irradiation. Even though the method is limited in respect of revealing distant metastases in the upper abdominal area due to physiological uptake in liver, spleen and kidneys, differentiation between limited disease (LD) and extensive disease (ED) was possible in all cases. We conclude that [111In]pentetreotide scintigraphy is a suitable method for the detection of SCLC primary tumours and a substantial tool for differentiation between LD and ED if combined with ultrasonography of the upper abdomen.
- Published
- 1998
179. Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis as a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension.
- Author
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Masur Y, Remberger K, and Hoefer M
- Subjects
- Adult, Fatal Outcome, Humans, Male, Hemangioma, Capillary complications, Hemangioma, Capillary pathology, Hypertension, Pulmonary etiology, Lung Neoplasms complications, Lung Neoplasms pathology
- Abstract
Pulmonary capillary hemangiomatosis (PCH), first described by Wagenvoort et al. in 1978, is a rare cause of pulmonary hypertension which occurs predominantly in young adults. In the literature only 18 cases have been reported. In 1988 Langleben et al. proposed a hereditary form of PCH with probable autosomal-recessive transmission. Histologic findings include irregular small nodular foci of thin-walled capillary-sized vessels which diffusely invade the lung parenchyma, the bronchial/bronchiolar walls and the adventitia of large vessels. We report on a case of PCH in a 24 year old man who presented the clinical signs of interstitial lung disease.
- Published
- 1996
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180. Anti-(transforming growth factor beta) antibodies with predefined specificity inhibit metastasis of highly tumorigenic human xenotransplants in nu/nu mice.
- Author
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Hoefer M and Anderer FA
- Subjects
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, CD56 Antigen analysis, Cytotoxicity, Immunologic, Female, Humans, Killer Cells, Lymphokine-Activated immunology, Mice, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Nude, Molecular Sequence Data, Neoplasm Transplantation, Transplantation, Heterologous, Antibodies, Monoclonal therapeutic use, Neoplasm Metastasis prevention & control, Transforming Growth Factor beta immunology
- Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) were prepared against conjugated transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1) peptides: amino acid positions 48-60 and positions 86-101. Two antibodies, mAb 16-3G1 [anti-(48-60)] and mAb 5-2G6 [anti-(86-101)] cross-reacted with native TGF beta 1, -beta 2 and -beta 3 (16-3G1) or only with native TGF beta 1 (5-2G6). Both mAb were used to characterize TGF beta-mediated effects on the metastatic potential in nude mice of human carcinoma cell line SLU-1 and its metastatic subline SLU-M1. Autocrine TGF beta 1-mediated up-regulation of cell proliferation and its suppression by anti-TGF beta antibodies in vitro was recorded for SLU-M1 cells whereas SLU-1 cell proliferation in vitro appeared to be refractory to anti-TGF beta antibodies and exogenous TGF-beta 1. However, the potential of s.c. tumours to develop distant metastases in nude mice was about the same for both cell lines. Development of primary tumours and distant metastases could be suppressed by treatment of mice with anti-TGF beta antibodies. Thus we assume that the metastatic potential of tumour cells is independent of TGF beta-mediated growth-regulation effects in vitro. The anti-TGF beta-induced suppression of tumour progression and metastasis in nude mice might rather result from stimulation of the immune surveillance. TGF beta-mediated autocrine down-regulation of MHC-unrestricted cytotoxicity of activated human monocytes and CD56+ LAK cells and its reversion by anti-TGF beta antibodies could be readily demonstrated. In all our experimental series, the neutralizing potential of both anti-TGF beta antibodies, though directed against opposite sites of the TGF beta 1 molecule, was very similar.
- Published
- 1995
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
181. Endoscopic therapy for patients with a post-operative biliary leak.
- Author
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Foutch PG, Harlan JR, and Hoefer M
- Subjects
- Cholecystectomy, Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic, Drainage methods, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Postoperative Complications epidemiology, Postoperative Complications surgery, Retrospective Studies, Bile, Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic injuries, Common Bile Duct injuries, Cystic Duct injuries, Postoperative Complications therapy, Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic, Stents
- Abstract
Twenty-three patients with a post-operative biliary leak were treated by various endoscopic methods and results were analyzed. Leaks occurred at the cystic duct in 13 patients, at the common duct in 6 patients, and at an anomalous branch of the right hepatic duct in 4 patients. Treatments included sphincterotomy alone (4 patients), stent alone (6 patients), sphincterotomy and stent (12 patients), and sphincterotomy and nasobiliary drainage catheter (1 patient). Five patients also had supplemental percutaneous catheter drainage of a biloma. All treatments were completed successfully in the absence of major morbidity, and permanent closure of the leak occurred in 100% of cases. Endoscopic therapy for patients with a post-operative biliary leak is safe and effective and should be recommended before surgical re-exploration.
- Published
- 1993
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
182. Erythropoiesis in CML--immunomorphometric quantification, PCNA-reactivity, and influence on survival.
- Author
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Thiele J, Hoefer M, Kvasnicka HM, Bertsch HP, Zankovich R, and Fischer R
- Subjects
- Bone Marrow pathology, Cell Division, Erythropoiesis immunology, Female, Humans, Iron analysis, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive mortality, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive pathology, Macrophages chemistry, Male, Megakaryocytes chemistry, Middle Aged, Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen, Reticulin analysis, Erythropoiesis physiology, Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive blood, Nuclear Proteins analysis
- Abstract
An immunohistochemical and morphometric analysis was performed on trephine biopsy specimens in 60 patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) to quantify erythropoiesis and its proliferation capacity and to assess the stainable marrow iron (hemosiderin). For this purpose, an elaborate double-immunostaining technique was applied. This included a monoclonal antibody (PC10) that is directed against proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), followed by an antibody against glycophorin C (Ret40f), to identify all nucleated erythroid precursor cells. Additionally, morphometric data were derived from immunostaining of megakaryocytes (CD61) and macrophages (PG-M1), including its hemosiderin-laden subpopulation. Finally the determination of argyrophilic (reticulin) fiber density was carried out. In comparison with a control group (15 patients) without any hematologic disorder, in CML patients morphometric evaluation showed a significant reduction in the number of erythroblasts and normoblasts. This feature was associated with a PCNA-labeling index within the normal range and a decreased stainable marrow iron (number of hemosiderin-storaging macrophages). Several parameters were established to exert a predictive value on survival. A worsening of prognosis was associated with a decrease in the number of erythroid precursors (< 460/mm2), a low hemoglobin level (< 10 g/dl), a high megakaryocyte count (> 50 cells/mm2), an increased density of reticulin fibers (> 30 i x 10(2)/mm2) and splenomegaly (> 15 cm below costal margin). Our findings are in keeping with results obtained from in vitro studies of cell proliferation in CML, which is not significantly altered in comparison with the normal bone marrow. Finally, the present data, although derived from a small group of patients, emphasize the impact of histologic variables to be included in one of the major clinical trials on prognosis in CML.
- Published
- 1993
183. Purification and partial characterization of ubiquitin-activating enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
- Author
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Hoefer M and Cook JC
- Subjects
- Blotting, Western, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Chromatography, Ion Exchange, Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Isoelectric Focusing, Ligases metabolism, Molecular Weight, Ubiquitin-Activating Enzymes, Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases, Ligases isolation & purification, Saccharomyces cerevisiae enzymology
- Abstract
Ubiquitin-activating enzyme was purified from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae by covalent affinity chromatography on ubiquitin-Sepharose followed by HPLC anion-exchange chromatography. Enzyme activity was monitored by the ubiquitin-dependent ATP: 32PPi exchange assay. The purified enzyme has a specific activity of 1.5 mumol 32PPi incorporated into ATP.min-1.mg-1 at 37 degrees C and pH 7.0 under standard conditions for substrate concentrations as described by Ciechanover et al. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 2537-2542. The catalytic activity showed a maximum at pH 7.0. Its molecular weight both in non-denaturing and in SDS-gel electrophoresis was estimated to be 115 kDa, suggesting a monomeric form. The isoelectric point determined by gel electrofocusing was approximately 4.7. Two protein bands differing slightly in electrophoretic mobility could be distinguished when SDS gels were loaded with very small amounts of purified E1 and immunoblotted, the one with higher molecular weight being clearly predominant. The same two bands were also found in anti-E1 immunoblots of crude yeast lysates prepared under broad protease inhibition.
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
184. Dopamine in hypophysial portal blood: relationship to circulating prolactin in pregnant and lactating rats.
- Author
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Ben-Jonathan N, Neill MA, Arbogast LA, Peters LL, and Hoefer MT
- Subjects
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Dopamine metabolism, Epinephrine blood, Female, Norepinephrine blood, Pituitary Gland drug effects, Pregnancy, Rats, Dopamine blood, Lactation, Pituitary Gland metabolism, Pregnancy, Animal, Prolactin blood
- Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
185. The posterior pituitary: regulation of anterior pituitary prolactin secretion.
- Author
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Peters LL, Hoefer MT, and Ben-Jonathan N
- Subjects
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Dopamine pharmacology, Luteinizing Hormone metabolism, Male, Rats, Secretory Rate drug effects, Dopamine physiology, Pituitary Gland, Posterior physiology, Prolactin metabolism
- Abstract
Removal of the posterior pituitary from anesthetized male rats results in a prompt and significant increase in circulating prolactin that is reversed by the injection of dopamine. Posterior pituitary extracts, which contain high concentrations of endogenous dopamine, inhibit prolactin secretion from isolated anterior pituitary cells. This inhibition is prevented by incubation of the cells with the dopamine receptor antagonist (+)-butaclamol. The data show that posterior pituitary dopamine reaches the anterior pituitary via the short hypophysial portal vessels and participates in the regulation of prolactin secretion.
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
186. Optimization of culture conditions for short-term pituitary cell culture.
- Author
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Ben-Jonathan N, Peleg E, and Hoefer MT
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Adhesion, Cell Aggregation, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Culture Techniques methods, Dopamine pharmacology, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone pharmacology, Hyaluronoglucosaminidase, Hypothalamus physiology, Kinetics, Microbial Collagenase, Pituitary Gland, Anterior cytology, Pituitary Gland, Anterior drug effects, Rats, Tissue Extracts pharmacology, Trypsin, Pituitary Gland, Anterior physiology
- Published
- 1983
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
187. Resting energy expenditure in moderate obesity. Predicting velocity of weight loss.
- Author
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Pavlou KN, Hoefer MA, and Blackburn GL
- Subjects
- Adult, Calorimetry, Energy Intake, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity physiopathology, Time Factors, Basal Metabolism, Body Weight, Obesity metabolism
- Abstract
The predicted resting metabolic rate (pRMR), as is estimated by the Harris-Benedict equation (HBE), was compared with the actual resting metabolic rate (mRMR), as assessed by indirect calorimetry, in 31 moderately obese (mean above ideal body weight = 44 +/- 2.8%) male subjects (mean age = 48 +/- 4.5 years; mean weight = 107.3 +/- 17.1 kg; mean% fat = 34 +/- 3.9). Measured resting metabolic rate (mRMR) (1,942 +/- 293 kcal/day) was found to be significantly (p less than 0.001) lower than pRMR (2,108 +/- 270 kcal/day), but significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than pRMR (1,636 +/- 133 kcal/day), if ideal body weight was used in the HBE formula. Individual variation of the mRMR and pRMR ranged from 65-105% and 95-155% of the expected normal population values, respectively. The findings suggest that if the reduced daily caloric needs observed are added to the metabolic suppression occurring during dietary restriction, it might explain why many obese individuals experience difficulties in maintaining predicted rates of weight loss. An equation was derived to predict RMR in moderately obese male patients.
- Published
- 1986
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
188. Suppression of pulsatile LH secretion, pituitary GnRH receptor content and pituitary responsiveness to GnRH by hyperprolactinemia in the male rat.
- Author
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Fox SR, Hoefer MT, Bartke A, and Smith MS
- Subjects
- Acute Disease, Animals, Chronic Disease, Kinetics, Male, Naloxone pharmacology, Orchiectomy, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Hyperprolactinemia blood, Luteinizing Hormone blood, Pituitary Gland metabolism, Receptors, LHRH metabolism
- Abstract
To assess whether gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release from the hypothalamus might be altered by hyperprolactinemia in the male rat, we measured in chronically hyperprolactinemic rats the pituitary GnRH receptor content and described the pattern of luteinizing hormone (LH) release during the postcastration rise in gonadotropin secretion 24 and 72 h after gonadectomy. In intact rats, the effect of hyperprolactinemia was determined by describing the pattern of LH secretion, pituitary GnRH receptor content and assessment of pituitary responsiveness to small doses of GnRH (1.0 ng). In addition, to determine the role endogenous opioids might play in inhibiting GnRH release in hyperprolactinemic rats, we examined the effect of both a continuous infusion and a bolus injection of the opioid antagonist naloxone on the pattern of LH release. Chronic hyperprolactinemia was achieved by implanting 4 pituitaries under the kidney capsules 3-4 weeks before study. Acute hyperprolactinemia was achieved by injecting rats with 1 mg ovine prolactin every 12 h for 3 days. Control animals were untreated or were chronically hyperprolactinemic rats in which the hyperprolactinemia was transiently reversed by treatment for 3 days with the dopamine agonist 2-alpha-bromoergocryptine. The mean LH concentration was greatly decreased at 24 postcastration in chronically hyperprolactinemic rats relative to controls. This decrease was associated with a decrease in LH pulse height and pulse amplitude and pituitary GnRH receptor content, but not with an increase in the LH interpulse interval. In contrast, the decrease in mean LH concentrations in hyperprolactinemic animals at 72 h postcastration was primarily associated with a significantly longer LH interpulse interval than that observed in control animals. Chronic hyperprolactinemia in intact rats decreased the pituitary GnRH receptor content, in addition to decreasing the mean LH concentrations during pulsatile GnRH administration. Chronic hyperprolactinemia also inhibited LH release relative to controls during the continuous 4-hour infusion of naloxone and in response to a bolus injection of naloxone. However, in acutely hyperprolactinemic intact male rats a bolus injection of naloxone increase LH secretion 20 min later to levels similar to those obtained in control rats. In summary, these results indicate that chronic hyperprolactinemia decreased LH secretion by primarily decreasing GnRH secretion as suggested by a decrease in pituitary GnRH receptor content and a decrease in LH pulse frequency and pulse amplitude.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
189. All about U.S. immigration statistics.
- Author
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Hoefer M
- Subjects
- Americas, Demography, Developed Countries, Developing Countries, International Agencies, North America, Organizations, Population, Population Dynamics, Research, Research Design, United States, Data Collection, Emigration and Immigration, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Population Characteristics, Population Growth, Refugees, Reproducibility of Results, Statistics as Topic, Terminology as Topic, Transients and Migrants, United Nations
- Abstract
The quality of data collected by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) is assessed, with a focus on differences between U.S. and U.N. definitions of immigrants, emigrants, and refugees. The author suggests that "gaps in migration data collected for the U.S. limit their usefulness for studying international migration and estimating national population change. For example, no information is collected on emigration of legal permanent residents or U.S. citizens, nor is there any direct information on the immigration of U.S. citizens. Data collected on legal immigrants are based on a legal and administrative definition that often conflicts with the demographic definition of an immigrant.", (excerpt)
- Published
- 1989
190. Measuring overall health: an evaluation of three important approaches.
- Author
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Read JL, Quinn RJ, and Hoefer MA
- Subjects
- Activities of Daily Living, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Female, Health, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Theoretical, Quality of Life, Statistics as Topic, Surveys and Questionnaires, Health Status Indicators, Health Surveys
- Abstract
There is growing recognition that meaningful measures of health-related quality of life must be used to evaluate health care interventions. We examined the practicality and validity of three promising measures of overall health: the General Health Rating Index (GHRI), the Quality of Well-being Scale (QWB), and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP). Practicality was assessed in terms of interviewer training required, administration time, and respondent burden. Content validity, convergent construct validity, and tests of discriminant validity were also evaluated. Although differing in theory and application, we found that each instrument performed according to the claims of the developers and could provide useful, valid data on overall health. The GHRI may be preferred where brief, self-administered forms are required; the QWB has advantages when health assessments are used to calculate cost-effectiveness; and the SIP is a versatile, easy to understand measure dealing with a wide range of specific dysfunctions. It is worth the required effort to include well-studied measures such as these in any trial intended to provide definitive information on the effectiveness of health care interventions.
- Published
- 1987
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
191. Prolactin secretion by cultured anterior pituitary cells: influence of culture conditions and endocrine status of the pituitary donor.
- Author
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Hoefer MT, Heiman ML, and Ben-Jonathan N
- Subjects
- Animals, Butaclamol pharmacology, Cell Count, Cells, Cultured, Culture Media, Dopamine pharmacology, Female, Lactation, Male, Norepinephrine pharmacology, Pregnancy, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Receptors, Dopamine metabolism, Time Factors, Pituitary Gland, Anterior metabolism, Prolactin metabolism
- Abstract
The characteristics of prolactin (PRL) secretion by cultured anterior pituitary cells in the presence and absence of catecholamines were studied. PRL secretion was markedly influenced by culture conditions such as cell density, culture duration and length of short-term incubation. Dopamine (DA) inhibited PRL release in a dose-dependent manner within a physiological range, and this inhibition was reversed by the stereospecific DA receptor antagonist (+)-butaclamol. In contrast, the inhibition of PRL secretion by norepinephrine (NE) required much higher doses and lacked specificity. Cells obtained from male donors had the lowest basal PRL secretion and were the least responsive to DA inhibition, whereas those obtained from females in late pregnancy had the highest basal PRL secretion and were the most sensitive to DA.
- Published
- 1984
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
192. CALCIUM TRANSPORT IN SLICES OF RABBIT KIDNEY CORTEX: THE UPTAKE AND DISTRIBUTION OF CALCIUM.
- Author
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HOEFER M and KLEINZELLER A
- Subjects
- Rabbits, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Colorimetry, Dinitrophenols, Kidney, Kidney Cortex, Magnesium, Metabolism, Research, Spectrophotometry
- Published
- 1963
193. MICRODETERMINATION OF MAGNESIUM AND CALCIUM IN ANIMAL TISSUES.
- Author
-
HOEFER M
- Subjects
- Animals, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Magnesium, Metabolism, Microchemistry
- Published
- 1963
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
194. CALCIUM TRANSPORT IN SLICES OF RABBIT KIDNEY CORTEX: THE STEADY-STATE COMPARTMENTATION OF CA AND RATE CONSTANTS OF 45CA EFFLUX.
- Author
-
HOEFER M and KLEINZELLER A
- Subjects
- Animals, Rabbits, Calcium, Calcium Isotopes, Calcium, Dietary, Ion Transport, Kidney, Kidney Cortex, Metabolism, Research
- Published
- 1963
195. CALCIUM TRANSPORT IN SLICES OF RABBIT KIDNEY CORTEX: THE LOSS OF CALCIUM FROM CA-ENRICHED SLICES.
- Author
-
HOEFER M and KLEINZELLER A
- Subjects
- Animals, Rabbits, Calcium, Calcium, Dietary, Dinitrophenols, Isotonic Solutions, Kidney, Kidney Cortex, Kidney Tubules, Metabolism, Research
- Published
- 1963
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