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Este trabalho teve por objetivo contextualizar o processo histórico de implantação e evolução tecnológica da Rádio Independente (AM 1020 KHz), situada no município de Aquidauana (MS). Após transmitir por cinco décadas em Amplitude Modulada (AM), a emissora migrou para Frequência Modulada (FM) em 2018, passando a transmitir na faixa de 90,9 MHz, representando assim, um marco em sua trajetória. Para o registro do percurso histórico da emissora, recorremos ao método da História Oral aliada a técnica da entrevista semiaberta com o fundador Antônio Rodrigues Garcia e o atual sócio proprietário e diretor geral, Armando de Amorim Anache. Como recurso complementar, foi realizado também estudo exploratório em fontes documentais.

When climate change became a global concern in the 1980s, mitigation was considered the best strategy to address all challenges. For a long time, it was thought possible to stabilize atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs), which, according to many experts, brought on an unfit adaptation. There are international agreements designed to significantly reduce CO2 emissions and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, but the policy measures taken so far are insufficient to achieve this goal. In addition, the crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the relevance of placing this issue at the core of international policies and the need for bottom-up measures and options. The purpose of this paper is to explore how collaborative planning can contribute to adapting the urban tourism sector to climate change in the Porto Metropolitan Area (PMA), located in the northern region of mainland Portugal. In this investigation, we used mixed methods based on the following: (1) the discussion of urban tourism’s adaptation planning to climate change with undergraduate students; (2) the application of a modified Delphi questionnaire survey, to 47 international researchers and technicians in the first round and 35 international researchers and technicians in the second round, about the predictability of the adaptation measures; and (3) a theoretical-practical workshop aimed to discuss the main action intentions and ways of adaptation in the short and medium term. All empirical data were collected during the year of 2021. This research highlights the need for more detailed information, the weak interaction between stakeholders and the limitation of resources. Our research identifies the main impacts and local vulnerabilities and determines priorities for adaptation and implementation of actions, aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change and maintaining tourism attractiveness in urban areas. In addition, this investigation allowed the definition of a research agenda, which seeks to guide the area of tourism climatology regarding the new challenges imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Today, several developing countries struggle to improve the cost and time performances of major infrastructure works due to various reasons. Cost overrun and delay are one of the major challenges being faced by the construction and infrastructure sector. Hence, the aim of this study is to explore the extent of cost overrun and schedule delays in building and road infrastructure projects across the Ethiopian construction industry. Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey to evaluate the potential risks leading to those challenges. Various data analysis tools were employed, to investigate the critical causes of cost overrun and delays in infrastructure projects. The findings reveal that the minimum cost overrun for building construction projects is found to be 2%, whereas the maximum and average cost overruns are 248% and 35%, respectively. For road infrastructure projects, the minimum, maximum, and average cost overruns are found to be 1%, 61%, and 18%, respectively. Similarly, the minimum, maximum, and average delays recorded in building construction projects are 9%, 802%, and 143%, respectively, whereas, in road infrastructure projects, the minimum delay is found to be 3%, the maximum delay is 312%, and an average schedule delay of 110% is recorded. In addition, the top risk factors leading to cost overrun in infrastructure projects are inflation, inaccurate cost estimates, and variations, whereas the major risks causing schedule delays are variations, economic conditions, and escalation of material prices. Further, practical implications and key recommendations were provided to curb cost overrun and delay in infrastructure projects.

Background: Venezuela has been immersed in an economic and social crisis with a high number of migrant people. An important proportion of Venezuelan migrants have crossed the north western border Brazil-Venezuela were the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has established 13 shelters. Our objectives were to know perspectives and views of Venezuelan migrant women hosted at UNHCR shelters on some SRH issues. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study between November 2019 and February 2020 with 12 focus group discussions (FGDs), with 111 Venezuelan migrant women of reproductive age (18–49 years old). FGDs were performed in a closed space that guaranteed confidentiality, were recorded, verbatim transcribed and data were analised for thematic manifest content. Findings: The themes identified were perspectives on: i) health care for pregnant and postnatal women, ii) access to modern contraceptive methods, and iii) HIV and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Despite the general satisfaction with obstetric care, women noted few challenges pertaining to their experiences during first entry to antenatal care, labour, delivery and postnatal care. They were in agreement that access to long-acting reversible contraceptives was difficult, mainly to the copper-intrauterine device (IUD); which when available it was erratic. Hormonal-IUD and implants were almost inexistent. This was of major concern to the women, as it prevented them from the ability to plan their reproductive lives. Although knowledge on STDs/HIV prevention and transmission was adequate; the predominance of traditional gender imbalance in the relations was observed and these attitudes have been discussed as a barrier for migrant women to protect themselves against HIV/STD infection. Conclusion: These migrant women needed help to understand the language and functioning of the healthcare system, to overcome barriers and challenges while seeking access to SRH care. They faced significant gender vulnerability that needs to be addressed within their new life. Our findings could be useful for health authorities and international organisations to start actions to improve SRH and mitigate suffering.

The aim of this paper is to explore the critical BIM adoption drivers across the Ethiopian public infrastructure construction sector. In this regard, a comprehensive systematic literature review was employed to identify potential BIM implementation attributes in developing countries and validated through a pilot test. Then, quantitative data was collected from experts working in various organizations using a structured questionnaire survey. A structural equation model was then developed based on five key BIM adoption constructs and 14 adoption drivers. Based on the path analysis, Application, Environment, and Project related factors positively affect BIM adoption in infrastructure projects, whereas Organization and Information Management are insignificant and negatively affect BIM adoption in the Ethiopian construction industry. The study highlighted key BIM adoption attributes that are helpful to enhance the overall project management performance in infrastructure projects. The proposed action plan is beneficial to various professionals, government, and stakeholders in an effort to improve the current level of BIM uptake in the horn of Africa. More so, the findings of this paper can be used to facilitate and promote BIM adoption in public infrastructure construction projects across the Ethiopian construction market.

Este trabalho apresenta e discute algumas propostas teórico-críticas acerca das ficcionalizações dos escritores no âmbito do pós-modernismo. No cotejo entre as reflexões críticas e alguns exemplos de textos ficcionais que dialogam com a história literária, transformando os autores de outrora em personagens do agora, esse trabalho visa identificar e refletir sobre os principais argumentos levantados pelos críticos e estudiosos do assunto (PERRONE-MOISÉS, 2011, 2016; ESTEVES, 2010; WEINHARDT, 2011; REIS, 2012, 2015). Nesse sentido, o diálogo intertextual e o procedimento metaléptico com os arquivos da literatura do passado são postos em perspectiva, a fim de que se possa compreender melhor os jogos éticos e estéticos do sujeito escritor pós-modernista com a herança e com os espectros que permanecem presentes na ausência.

The key aspect for the quantification of indirect impacts of flooding is the assessment of the disruption of the transportation service considering social and economic consequences. To investigate how flooding can affect road transportation, it is essential to analyze interaction during the flood event itself, as well as on the following days. In this work, two static and dynamic traffic models are applied to a study zone for quantification of the performance and functionality of the network during the flood and after the failure of infrastructure components. A mesoscopic simulation was applied to identify the traffic disruption in the face of flood events. This simulation is capable of considering the road network model, assigning trip paths with the impact of road closures and speed reductions, and evaluating travel time and vehicle volume redistribution in a given disruption scenario. By comparing the traffic analysis results (travel time, travelled distance and street speed changes) in normal and flooded situations, the impact of flooding on a transportation network could be examined. Moreover, modelling outputs from a case study in the Santarém region (Portugal) indicated that in analyzing the flood impacts on a traffic network, even non-flooded infrastructures must be taken into account because of their service disruption.

Natural disasters are unavoidable and can cause serious damage to bridges, which may lead to catastrophic losses, both human and economic. Therefore, the assessment of bridges exposed to these events is of paramount importance to identify possible mitigation needs. The objective of the present work is to present consistent tools that may allow us to obtain the failure probability of a masonry arch bridge under a flood event, leading to local scour. Surrogate models were implemented to ease the computational cost of the probabilistic analysis. Moreover, a stochastic parametric analysis based on the geotechnical properties of the soil components of masonry arch bridges located in Portugal was performed. The results show the failure mechanism of the masonry arch bridges when subjected to scour-induced settlements and the influence of soil density on the failure probability obtained for different flow discharge values and angles of attack. The presented methodology and derived fragility curves can be used to assess bridge performance under a flood event, thus providing useful information for bridge management and monitoring.

Bridges have substantial significance within the transport system, considering that their functionality is essential for countries’ social and economic development. Accordingly, a superior level of safety and serviceability must be reached to ensure the operating status of the bridge network. On that account, the recent collapses of road bridges have led the technical–scientific community and society to reflect on the effectiveness of their management. Bridges in a network are likely to share coinciding environmental conditions but may be subjected to distinct structural deterioration processes over time depending on their age, location, structural type, and other aspects. This variation is usually not considered in the bridge management predictions. For instance, the Brazilian standards consider a constant inspection periodicity, regardless of the bridges’ singularities. Consequently, it is helpful to pinpoint and split the bridge network into classes sharing equivalent deterioration trends to obtain a more precise prediction and improve the frequency of inspections. This work presents a representative database of the Brazilian bridge network, including the most relevant data obtained from inspections. The database was used to calibrate two independent predictive models (Markov and artificial neural network). The calibrated model was employed to simulate different scenarios, resulting in significant insights to improve the inspection periodicity. As a result, the bridge’s location accounting for the differentiation of exposure was a critical point when analyzing the bridge deterioration process. Finally, the degradation models developed following the proposed procedure deliver a more reliable forecast when compared to a single degradation model without parameter analysis. These more reliable models may assist the decision process of the bridge management system (BMS).

A dimensão espacial dos riscos associados à Covid-19 é a motivação para se explorarem as estruturas socio-territoriais que influenciam a vulnerabilidade face ao contágio e à mortalidade, respondendo a uma lacuna de investigação identificada pela literatura. Assim, esta pesquisa visa identificar o mosaico territorial de riscos face ao contágio e à mortalidade por Covid-19, retratando os diferentes perfis de vulnerabilidade que emergem no território de Portugal Continental. A variabilidade, à escala local, dos níveis de vulnerabilidade sustenta a opção por uma análise à escala do concelho. Pretende-se contribuir ainda para informar as políticas dirigidas à prevenção e mitigação dos riscos de contágio e morte, atendendo à espacialidade das situações identificadas como potenciadoras destes riscos. Assim, após a análise dos perfis territoriais de risco ao contágio e à mortalidade, é elaborado um cenário que identifica três perfis territoriais de vulnerabilidades que carecem de políticas diferenciadas face aos seus riscos.

Abstract This paper proposes an analysis of political homophily among Twitter users during the 2016 American Presidential Election. We collected 4.9 million tweets of 18,450 users and their contact network from August 2016 to November 2016. We defined six user classes regarding their sentiment towards Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton: whatever, Trump supporter, Hillary supporter, positive, neutral, and negative. Next, we analyzed their political homophily in three scenarios. Firstly, we analyzed the Twitter follow, mention and retweet connections either unidirectional and reciprocal. In the second scenario, we analyzed multiplex connections, and in the third one, we analyzed friendships with similar speeches. Our results showed that negative users, users supporting Trump, and users supporting Hillary had homophily in all analyzed scenarios. We also found out that the homophily level increase when there are reciprocal connections, similar speeches, or multiplex connections.

A new species of Xenosaurus in the X. tzacualtipantecus clade is described from the Sierra Madre Oriental of northern Puebla, Mexico. The new species differs from all of its congeners in possessing a unique combination of characters. The new species appears to be allopatric and fills in the geographic gap between the geographic distributions of X. tzacualtipantecus and the species in the newmanorum clade to the north and northwest and those of the species in the grandis and rackhami clades to the south and southeast. The new species occurs between approximately 880 m and 1470 m of elevation, and appears to be restricted to cloud forest, which has been replaced by coffee plantations in many areas. An updated key to the species of Xenosaurus is provided.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has a variable clinical expression and can be manifested by a single organ or a multiorgan dysfunction. Patients with this condition have higher associated mortality rates, even when the disease seems clinically stable for many years. An event can occur that deregulates the disease at any given time, making it active or uncontrolled again. In uncontrolled patients, the diagnosis is sometimes difficult and both the approach and treatment are crucial for a favorable outcome. This case report describes the challenging management of a young patient who presented neuropsychiatric manifestations, hematological abnormalities and a rapid development of multiorgan dysfunction. During the patient’s hospitalization, three cerebrovascular accidents were registered with a continued worsening of the clinical status, resulting in her death after 33 days. Even with immunosuppression therapy there were several complications, some of which were promptly resolved; however, it was not possible to stop a rapidly progressing autoimmune induced multiorgan failure. The unique features presented by this patient and the rapid progression of the disease are an important alert for all physicians that work in the emergency room.

Keeping transport links open in adverse conditions and being able to restore connections quickly after extreme events are important and demanding tasks for infrastructure owners/operators. This paper is developed within the H2020 project SAFEWAY, whose main goal is to increase the resilience of terrestrial transportation infrastructure. Risk-based approaches are excellent tools to aid in the decision-making process of planning maintenance and implementation of risk mitigation measures with the ultimate goal of reducing risk and increasing resilience. This paper presents a framework for quantitative risk assessment which guides an integrated assessment of the risk components: hazard, exposure, vulnerability and consequences of a malfunctioning transportation infrastructure. The paper guides the identification of failure modes for transportation infrastructure exposed to extreme events (natural and human-made) and provides models for and examples of hazard, vulnerability and risk assessment. Each assessment step must be made in coherence with the other risk components as an integral part of the risk assessment.

Introduction: Primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) is a rare but severe and potentially life-threatening condition. No previous studies have characterized Portuguese patients with PAI. Aims: To characterize the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, treatment and follow‐up of Portuguese patients with confirmed PAI. Methods: This multicentre retrospective study examined PAI patients in 12 Portuguese hospitals. Results: We investigated 278 patients with PAI (55.8% were females), with a mean age of 33.6 ± 19.3 years at diagnosis. The most frequent presenting clinical features were asthenia (60.1%), mucocutaneous hyperpigmentation (55.0%) and weight loss (43.2%); 29.1% of the patients presented with adrenal crisis. Diagnosis was established by high plasma ACTH and low serum cortisol in most patients (43.9%). The most common aetiology of PAI was autoimmune adrenalitis (61.0%). There were 38 idiopathic cases. Autoimmune comorbidities were found in 70% of the patients, the most frequent being autoimmune thyroiditis (60.7%) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (17.3%). Seventy-nine percent were treated with hydrocortisone (mean dose 26.3 ± 8.3 mg/day) mostly in three (57.5%) or two (37.4%) daily doses. The remaining patients were treated with prednisolone (10.1%), dexamethasone (6.2%) and methylprednisolone (0.7%); 66.2% were also on fludrocortisone (median dose of 100 μg/day). Since diagnosis, 33.5% of patients were hospitalized for disease decompensation. In the last appointment,17.2% of patients had complaints (7.6% asthenia and 6.5% depression) and 9.7% had electrolyte disturbances. Conclusion: This is the first multicentre Portuguese study regarding PAI. The results emphasize the need for standardization in diagnostic tests and etiological investigation and provide a framework for improving treatment.

Since its launch in 2009, bitcoin has thrived, attracting the attention of investors, regulators, academia, and the public in general. Its price dynamics, characterized by extreme volatility, severe jumps, and impressive long-term appreciation, suggest that bitcoin is a new digital asset. This study presents a comprehensive overview of the fractality of bitcoin in a high-frequency framework, namely by applying Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA) and a Multifractal Regime Detecting Method (MRDM) to Bitstamp 1 min bitcoin returns from January 2013 to July 2020. The results suggest that bitcoin is multifractal, with smaller and larger fluctuations being persistent and anti-persistent, respectively. Multifractality comes from significant long-range correlations, which cast some doubts on the informational efficiency at this frequency, but mainly comes from fat-tails, which highlights the significant risks undertaken by investors in this market. Our most important result is that the degree and richness of multifractality is time-varying and increased after 2017, when volumes and prices experienced an explosive behaviour. This complexity puts into perspective the duality of bitcoin: while it is characterized by long-run attractiveness and increasing valuation, it also has a high short-run instability. Hence, this study provides some empirical evidence supporting the relationship between these two observable features.

We analyze the path from cryptocurrencies to official Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs), to shed some light on the ultimate dematerialization of money. To that end, we made an extensive search that resulted in a review of more than 100 academic and grey literature references, including official positions from central banks. We present and discuss the characteristics of the different CBDC variants being considered—namely, wholesale, retail, and, for the latter, the account-based, and token-based—as well as ongoing pilots, scenarios of interoperability, and open issues. Our contribution enables decision-makers and society at large to understand the potential advantages and risks of introducing CBDCs, and how these vary according to many technical and economic design choices. The practical implication is that a debate becomes possible about the trade-offs that the stakeholders are willing to accept.

Abstract The prevalence of patients on automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) is increasing worldwide and may be guided by clinical characteristics, financial issues and patient option. Whether socioeconomic factors at the patient level may influence the decision for the initial peritoneal dialysis (PD) modality is unknown. This is a prospective cohort study. The primary outcome of interest was the probability to start PD on APD. The inclusion criteria were adult patients incident in PD. Exclusion criteria were missing data for either race or initial PD modality. We used a mixed-model analysis clustering patients according to their PD center and region of the country. We included 3,901 patients of which 1,819 (46.6%) had APD as their first modality. We found a significant disparity for race and educational level with African American patients less likely to start on APD (Odds ratio 0.74 CI95% 0.58–0.94) compared to Whites whilst those with greater educational levels were more likely to start on APD (Odds ratio 3.70, CI95% 2.25–6.09) compared to illiterate patients. Limiting the use of APD in disadvantaged population may be unethical. Demographics and socioeconomic status should not be necessarily part of the decision-making process of PD modality choice.

A evolução da população é atualmente considerada como um dos principais desafios dos países europeus. Esta análise retrata uma visão temporal e geográfica da demografia, de forma a refletirmos os desafios ancorados no tempo e no território. Portugal sempre superou as tendências demográficas ao longo da sua história, as mudanças em termos reprodutivos e os efeitos das migrações (internas e externas). A nível local o que mais explica a situação demográfica não é a dinâmica natural, mas a mobilidade, e isso será ainda mais evidente nos próximos anos. O país superou as altas taxas de mortalidade e os ciclos de vida ficaram mais longos, aumentou a eficiência produtiva e passou a necessitar de menos nascimentos para obter o mesmo stock populacional, teve de suportar os impactos da emigração e agora necessita de apostar na atratividade se pretender manter a sua dimensão populacional.

We propose, with this work, discuss issues related to the way that two correctors of essay read gestures of paraphrases produced by school students in vestibular essays. To this end, we enrolled our formulations within the theoretical framework of discourse analysis founded by Pêcheux and colleagues in the 60s of the twentieth century. There, as we know, there is a vast theoretical framework comprising operating modes paraphrastic facts and polysemic in language — this as an effect of the stress-relation-(con)fusion from that. Therefore, we will take as a hypothesis the following situation, which, due to our work in the master (SANTOS, 2010) deals with the impossible, discursively, cause in language: try to locate, from the corrector-position, in the written production of school students, the same senses constitutive in basic text of an essay test.

Introdução: A descrição deste caso pretende enfatizar a importância do papel do médico de família, não apenas na suspeita clínica de doença de Graves e complicações associadas, mas sobretudo na adaptação do indivíduo à vivência com a doença, dada a morbilidade psicossocial associada à proptose disfigurativa e/ou diplopia, ambos sinais com um impacto marcado no estado funcional e bem-estar dos doentes. Descrição do caso: Mulher de 29 anos, sem antecedentes de relevo, é diagnosticada com doença de Graves, com oftalmopatia causadora de dor retro-ocular e diplopia com impacto significativo na sua vida diária. Apesar da estabilização da função tiroideia com o tratamento instituído, verificou-se progressão bilateral da exoftalmia. Neste contexto, desenvolveu um quadro de insatisfação com a sua imagem corporal, alteração da identidade (antes e após o diagnóstico) e depressão, que culminou em tentativa de suicídio por intoxicação medicamentosa. Comentário: O médico de família deverá estar sensibilizado para o impacto negativo na saúde mental e física, as aptidões sociais e económicas, assim como a sua qualidade de vida dos doentes. Neste caso, a doente não estava apenas fisicamente doente, mas também apresentava distress psicológico associado às alterações associadas à oftalmopatia, responsáveis por um impacto severo no funcionamento diário da doente. Palavras-chave: doença de Graves, oftalmopatia de Graves, qualidade de vida, exoftalmia, hipertiroidismo.

Objective : The Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a widely used technique for the treatment of non-arthritic, dysplastic, painful hips. It is considered a highly complex procedure with a steep learning curve. In an attempt to minimize complications, a double anterior-posterior approach has been described. We report on our experience while performing this technique on cadaveric hips followed by meticulous dissection to verify possible complications. Methods : We operated on 15 fresh cadaveric hips using a combined posterior Kocher-Langenbeck and an anterior Smith-Petersen approach, without fluoroscopic control. The PAO cuts were performed and the acetabular fragment was mobilized. A meticulous dissection was carried out to verify the precision of the cuts. Results : Complications were observed in seven specimens (46%). They included a posterior column fracture, and posterior and anterior articular fractures. The incidence of complications decreased over time, from 60% in the first five procedures to 20% in the last five procedures. Conclusions : We concluded that PAO using a combined anterior-posterior approach is a reproducible technique that allows all cuts to be done under direct visualization. The steep learning curve described in the classic single incision approach was also observed when using two approaches. Evidence Level: IV, Cadaveric Study.

ABSTRACT The aim here was to report a case of a young adult patient who evolved with tumor formation in the left thigh, 14 years after revision surgery on hip arthroplasty. Davies in 2005 made the first description of this disease in patients undergoing metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty. Over the last decade, however, pseudotumors around metal-on-polyethylene surfaces have become more prevalent. Our patient presented with increased volume of the left thigh 8 years after hip arthroplasty revision surgery. Two years before the arising of the tumor in the thigh, a nodule in the inguinal region was investigated to rule out a malignant neoplastic process, but the results were inconclusive. The main preoperative complaints were pain, functional limitation and marked reduction in the range of motion of the left hip. Plain radiographs showed loosening of acetabular and femoral, and a large mass between the muscle planes was revealed through magnetic resonance imaging of the left thigh. The surgical procedure consisted of resection of the lesion and removal of the components through lateral approach. In respect of total hip arthroplasty, pseudotumors are benign neoplasms in which the bearing surface consists of metal-on-metal, but they can also occur in different tribological pairs, as presented in this case.

Este artigo, a partir do que nos diz Orlandi (2004), Possenti (2002) e Tfouni (2008) sobre a matéria autoria, analisa possíveis “traços de autoria” em duas redações produzidas em contexto de vestibular. Destas sucintas análises, construímos uma discussão que aqui nos convoca a refletir sobre a “necessidade da autoria” que é sempre imputada à escrita de cada um de nós, quando temos de escrever textos sob determinada injunção. Afinal, mesmo que, a princípio, saibamos nada do assunto, sempre reivindicamos o acontecer dessa função em quaisquer textos; daí se fazer necessário agora, observarmos, atentamente, algumas implicações, (e)feitos disso, em especial, para o ensino de língua materna.

Este texto pretende demonstrar uma breve análise literária dos contos O País das Quimeras (1862) e Uma excursão milagrosa (1866) de Machado de Assis, sob a luz dos estudos sobre o gênero fantástico de Todorov (1975) e Furtado (1980), produzindo, também, um breve cotejamento acerca das semelhanças e diferenças encontradas nestes dois contos machadianos, sobretudo pontuando algumas modificações relevantes na reescritura desta narrativa. Por fim, procura-se confrontar alguns estudos sobre a crítica social e a intertextualidade nos contos abordados, buscando compreender pontos críticos da narrativa machadiana que evidenciem a função transgressiva do gênero fantástico.

Partindo de uma releitura de alguns causos narrados no romance Nhô Guimarães (2006), de Aleilton Fonseca, em que se destaca a vingança motivada, a priori, pela honra e pela justiça do sertanejo como mola propulsora das manifestações de violência que impulsionam cada narrativa, o presente texto pretende dispor de um olhar, ainda discreto, sobre o valor cultural deste código da vindita no sertão e sobre a apropriação ficcional desta temática. Busca-se ancorar, mais detidamente, nos postulados teóricos de Antonio Cândido (2006a; 2006b); Afrânio Coutinho (2008); Gilles Lipovetsky (2005) e Walter Benjamin (2011), para esta investida inicial.

This paper analyses the price discovery in the USD/Bitcoin market since Mar‑2014 to Nov‑2016. The results show a positive relationship between the informational relevance of exchanges and their market shares. Information is mostly transmitted between exchanges within an hour, at least for the main exchanges, although lagged feedbacks occur from the major exchanges. Minor exchanges are merely satellite ones and react to price information with some delay. Bitfinex is the most important exchange: the lagged feedback from this exchange to the market is 18.3%, while the reverse feedback accounts only for 0.6% of the total feedback. Volatility in the major exchanges is the main factor explaining the feedback measures, which sustains the claim that the relative importance of the information-based component of volatility increases with the relative dimension of the exchange.

No presente trabalho, buscamos compreender como a palavra do outro foi agenciada por um scriptor em uma redação caracterizada de “Nota 1000” pela instância corretora de vestibular ENEM — Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (2011) —, ao (re)tomar enunciados constituídos sócio historicamente acerca do tema “Viver em rede no século XXI: os limites entre o público e o privado”. Dito de outro modo, vamos descrever e interpretar, pautados em pressupostos teóricos de Bakhtin (1981; 1988a e 1988b; 1997), mo(vi)mentos de tomada de posição desse scriptor (no nível de sua argumentação) ante à palavra do outro. Tais mo(vi)mentos permitir-nos-ão indicar se se tratam de (e)feitos de polifonia discursiva (consoante ao pensamento bakhtiniano) ou de sobreposição de discursos. Dessa feita, ser-nos-á possível corroborar a (in)verdade escutada e propalada na/pela máxima “todo discurso é polifônico”.

Resumo: Introdução e objetivos: Na fibrilhação auricular o controlo da hipocoagulação avaliado pelo tempo em alvo terapêutico correlaciona‐se positivamente com a segurança e eficácia tromboprofiláticas. Pretende‐se realizar essa avaliação na unidade dos autores e pesquisar determinantes de melhor controlo. Métodos: Série de casos – utentes da Unidade de Saúde Familiar de Fânzeres com fibrilhação auricular sob varfarina ou acenocumarol. Colheram‐se dados sociodemográficos e clínicos; calculou‐se o tempo em alvo terapêutico pelo método de Rosendaal, usando os resultados de Razão Normalizada Internacional realizados em laboratórios externos à unidade nos seis meses precedentes. Os dados foram tratados em SPSS 21.0®, recorrendo‐se a estatística descritiva, correlação de Spearman, teste de Mann‐Whitney U e Kruskal‐Wallis. Resultados: Participaram 70% dos 106 pacientes elegíveis. O tempo em alvo terapêutico mediano foi de 65,3% (P25 = 48,3%; P75 = 86,8%). Encontrou‐se relação positiva entre essa variável e duração da doença (ρ = 0,477; p 0,05). Conclusões: O tempo em alvo terapêutico mediano na unidade é semelhante ao dos países sul europeus, ficando próximo do «bom controlo» definido pela Sociedade Europeia de Cardiologia (70%). A duração da fibrilhação auricular e da hipocoagulação explicam uma pequena parte da variabilidade dessa medida. Serão necessários estudos para identificação de outros determinantes do controlo da hipocoagulação e estudos comparativos com unidades que realizem os testes laboratoriais de monitorização da hipocoagulação nas suas instalações. Abstract: Introduction and Aims: Anticoagulation control as assessed by time in therapeutic range (TTR) correlates positively with the safety and efficacy of thromboprophylaxis in atrial fibrillation. We set out to assess TTR in our unit and to investigate determinants of better control. Methods: This was a case series study of atrial fibrillation patients anticoagulated with warfarin or acenocoumarol at the Family Health Unit of Fânzeres. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected and TTR was calculated by the Rosendaal method, based on international normalized ratio tests performed in external laboratories in the preceding six months. SPSS® 21.0 was used for the statistical analysis, with descriptive statistics, Spearman's correlation, and the Mann‐Whitney U and Kruskal‐Wallis tests. Results: Of the 106 eligible patients, 70% participated in the study. Median TTR was 65.3% (P25 = 48.3%, P75 = 86.8%). We found a positive association between this variable and duration of atrial fibrillation (ρ =0.477, p 0.05). Conclusions: Median TTR in our unit is similar to that in southern European countries and close to the good control threshold (70%) proposed by the European Society of Cardiology. The duration of atrial fibrillation and of anticoagulation explains only a small part of the measure's variability. Other determinants of anticoagulation control must be investigated in future studies and comparative studies should be carried out in family health units monitoring anticoagulation on the premises. Palavras‐chave: Fibrilhação auricular, Anticoagulantes, Tempo em alvo terapêutico, Keywords: Atrial fibrillation, Anticoagulants, Time in therapeutic range

INTRODUCTION: Despite years of efforts towards the elimination of Triatoma infestans in Brazil, residual foci still persist in some areas of the States of Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul. The persistence of these T. infestans populations in the country has two different origins of equal concern: operational failures or insecticide resistance. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the susceptibility profile of the residual Brazilian populations of T. infestans to deltamethrin. METHODS: The susceptibility reference lineage was derived from Cipein/Argentina. The populations studied were manually collected using a dislodging agent in peridomiciles in the States of Bahia (Novo Horizonte) and of Rio Grande do Sul (Santa Rosa and Doutor Maurício Cardoso). Serial dilutions of deltamethrin were prepared and applied at the dorsal abdomen of first instar nymphs. The control group received only pure acetone. Mortality was evaluated after 72h. Qualitative tests assessed the mortality of a diagnostic dose of 1xLD99 (2.76ng a.i./nymph) determined for the susceptibility reference lineage. RESULTS: The susceptibility profile characterization of the T. infestans populations revealed an RR50 ranging from 1.73 to 3.26. The mortality percentage in response to a diagnostic dose was 100%. The results obtained in the quantitative and qualitative assays corresponded for all populations. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that the persistence of residual foci of T. infestans in Bahia and Rio Grande do Sul is not related to insecticide resistance but may be associated with operational failures. In Rio Grande do Sul, we must consider the possibility of continuous reinfestation by Argentinian individuals, which justifies active and efficient epidemiological surveillance.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the medium-term clinical-functional results (minimum follow-up of six years) from total uncemented hip arthroplasty performed by means of a posterior minimally invasive access, in comparison with the traditional right lateral access.METHODS: In a comparative prospective study, 224 adult patients underwent elective total hip arthroplasty due to a diagnosis of primary or secondary osteoarthrosis. A group of 103 patients with posterior minimally invasive access was compared with a group of 121 patients with the traditional right lateral access. The mean length of follow-up among the patients of this sample was 7.2 years. We evaluated the clinical-functional and radiographic results and occurrences of loosening, along with any complications that occurred, with a minimum follow-up of six years.RESULTS: The clinical-functional analyses before the surgical procedure and six years afterwards were similar in the two groups (p = 0.88 and p = 0.55). One patient in the minimally invasive group underwent revision of the acetabular component and two patients in the control group underwent the same procedure (p = 0.46). The Trendelenburg clinical test, which showed weakness of the hip abductor musculature, was present in five patients operated using the traditional lateral route and absent in all those who underwent the minimally invasive procedure (p = 0.06). There was no difference regarding the radiographic parameters obtained, either in acetabular or in femoral positioning (p = 0.32 and p = 0.58).CONCLUSIONS: The medium-term clinical and radiographic results and the complication rates were similar between the patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty by means of the posterior minimally invasive access and those with the traditional lateral access.