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Water wave energy is regarded to be a promising renewable energy source to relieve the pressure of fossil energy shortage and achieve a sustainable future. A cylindrical wave‐driven linkage mechanism triboelectric nanogenerator (WLM‐TENG) with unidirectional rotation is designed and fabricated to effectively harvest water wave energy. The enormous force generated by water waves, which is up to 424.3 N m−2, is used to drive the TENG through its simple and smart mechanical structure. This force allows the rotor to overcome the large resistance caused by the full contact between rabbit furs and electrodes. The output current can reach about 30 µA and the output power arrives at 50 mW. Moreover, self‐powered applications powered by the WLM‐TENG are successfully demonstrated, including indicating light‐emitting diodes (LEDs), multifunctional barometer, portable anemometer, and multifunctional water quality detection pen. This work renders an effective approach to harness the enormous force generated by the water waves, enhancing the water wave energy harvesting ability of the TENG, toward practical applications of marine environment monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aims: Myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) expand during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and inhibit antiviral immunity. However, the relationship between antiviral effect and the frequencies of those immune suppressive cells after pegylated interferon α‐2a (PegIFNα‐2a) therapy is not clearly understood. This study aimed to investigate the contribution of monocytic MDSCs (mMDSCs) and CD4+ Tregs to functional cure (HBsAg seroclearance) after PegIFNα‐2a therapy and evaluate the effect of PegIFNα‐2a therapy on these cells. Methods: Flow cytometry analysis was performed along with longitudinal immune monitoring of 97 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving PegIFNα‐2a weekly for 48 weeks. Results: The frequencies of mMDSCs and CD4+ Tregs increased in all HBV patients, and they were higher in the HBsAg persistence group than in the HBsAg seroclearance group. A significant decline in the frequency of mMDSCs was found in patients who realized functional cure after PegIFNα‐2a treatment. In contrast, the frequency of CD4+ Tregs in both the HBsAg seroclearance and persistence groups significantly increased. Multivariate analyses indicated that the baseline serum HBsAg levels (p <.001) and mMDSCs frequency (p =.027) were independently associated with the HBsAg clearance, and the combined marker (HBsAg plus mMDSCs) displayed the highest specificity (93.1%) than any other markers in predicting HBsAg seroclearance. Conclusions: These results suggest that a poor response to PegIFNα‐2a treatment in CHB patients may be related to the frequencies of immune suppressive cells, while the therapeutic targeting of these cells might be effective in boosting anti‐HBV immunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, tripolycyanamide (TPA) and 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalic acid (DDTA) were used to synthesize crystalline covalent organic framework (COFDDTA-TPA) which was employed to detect and remove heavy metal ions (HMIs). COFDDTA-TPA has abundant N-O-O and N-N-O sites and large specific surface area, which can be used as an excellent adsorbent for HMIs. The detection limits for Zn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+were 0.85 nM, 0.096 nM, 0.14 nM, 0.072 nM, and 0.084 nM, respectively. The COFDDTA-TPA was controllably grown on both melamine foam (MF) and macroporous carbon to remove Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+ effectively, which avoided some defects of traditional COFs powder such as random orientation, easy accumulation, and poor reproducibility. The COFDDTA-TPA/MF was further prepared as a water filter device for the removal of HMIs. In addition, the proposed material can detect and remove HMIs in sewage, soil, and blood serum real samples and showed great potential in environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a Glutinous rice 89-1 (Gr 89-1) × Shuhui 527 recombinant inbred line population (RIL) comprising 309 F9-generations was used to screen gradient molecular markers. The phenotypic variation and distribution of eight agronomic traits obtained from multiyear and multilocation samples, as well as the network expression relationships between agronomic traits and molecular markers, were investigated. The results showed that there were 14 phenotypic lines with significant differences in the RILs, and the molecular testing results of most of the lines were consistent with the phenotype. The correlation degree between the first-level molecular markers and the eight agronomic traits was 100%. Excluding the correlations of third-level markers with grain width and grain length, the degree of correlation between molecular markers and agronomic traits decreased with an increase in marker levels. The RILs were divided into eight core populations and one approximate population, revealing genetic correspondence between agronomic traits and molecular markers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of three methods in root canal retreatment to remove the filling material in the root canals. Methods Ninety tooth roots filled by gutta percha or plasticized material (n=45, each) were randomly divided into three groups (n=15). WaveOne (WaveOne group), 1#P drill+WaveOne (1#P+WaveOne group), and ultrasound P5 working end ET25+ProTaper Universal (P5+ProTaper Universal group) were used to remove the root canal filling material and prepare for root canal. The operating time of each canal was recorded and the percentage of residual filling material area was measured on the root canal wall of the mesial and distal dissected root section. The degree of deviation of the root canal after operation was measured for the root samples filled by gutta percha. Results The type of root filling material and the method of root canal retreatment had no significant effect on the percentage of residual area of the filling material (P>0.05). However, the remaining filling material area of apical 1/3 of the root canal was significantly higher than that of cervical 1/3 of the root canal (P<0.05). The average operating times for removing gutta-percha or plasticized material in the W and 1#P+WaveOne groups were significantly less than that in the P5+ ProTaper Universal group (P=0.000). The root canal retreatment methods had no significant effect on the curvature of the root canal (P=0.650). Conclusion WaveOne single file's cleaning ability and center positioning ability were similar to those of ProTaper Universal. Moreover, WaveOne can be independently used for most root canals without a pathway when removing the root canal fillings, thereby simplifying the process of root canal retreatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the nation’s policy of Tri-networks integration, the maturity of technology platform, and the user’s demand, more and more enterprises start to launch the research of smart TV. In order to offer the reference to other smart TV enterprisers, the status of the smart TV industry is presented in this thesis. The mode of operation and profitable of Le TV·super TV, is also discussed , as well as the underlying problems during its development.

The large overpotential and poor cycle stability caused by inactive redox reactions are tough challenges for lithium–oxygen batteries (LOBs). Here, a composite microsphere material comprising NiCo2O4@CeO2 is synthesized via a hydrothermal approach followed by an annealing processing, which is acted as a high performance electrocatalyst for LOBs. The unique microstructured catalyst can provide enough catalytic surface to facilitate the barrier‐free transport of oxygen as well as lithium ions. In addition, the special microsphere and porous nanoneedles structure can effectively accelerate electrolyte penetration and the reversible formation and decomposition process of Li2O2, while the introduction of CeO2 can increase oxygen vacancies and optimize the electronic structure of NiCo2O4, thereby enhancing the electron transport of the whole electrode. This kind of catalytic cathode material can effectively reduce the overpotential to only 1.07 V with remarkable cycling stability of 400 loops under 500 mA g−1. Based on the density functional theory calculations, the origin of the enhanced electrochemical performance of NiCo2O4@CeO2 is clarified from the perspective of electronic structure and reaction kinetics. This work demonstrates the high efficiency of NiCo2O4@CeO2 as an electrocatalyst and confirms the contribution of the current design concept to the development of LOBs cathode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wind energy, as one kind of renewable and sustainable energy sources, is expected to solve the problem of energy consumption and environment deterioration. Here, an improved rotary triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) using rabbit fur‐based soft‐contact (SCR‐TENG) with segmented structure for harvesting low‐speed wind energy is design and fabricated. The adopted soft raw‐rabbit fur shows excellent performance in triboelectrification and is beneficial to reducing frictional resistance and prolonging the lifetime of device. After 480 000 cycles, no obvious wear is observed on the dielectric film surface, and the transferred charge is not significantly attenuated. The mechanical‐to‐electrical energy conversion efficiency of 15.4% can be achieved. Moreover, self‐powered applications have been successfully demonstrated in night direction indication, insect trapping, soil moisture detection, ambient temperature and humidity detection, and signal transmission, powered by SCR‐TENG, toward smart farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Utilizing hydrogen energy produced by water electrolysis is conducive to carbon neutrality from a technological point of view. However, this perspective is restrained by the high electricity cost in commercial development. Powering electrochemical reactions by renewable electricity converted from distributed mechanical energy can lead to commercial electric energy saving and cost reduction. In this work, a self‐powered electrochemical system (SPECS) is proposed for the conversion from blue energy of ocean waves to green energy via hydrogen fuel. This system consists of triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) devices and an electrolyzer, where the TENG devices serve as ocean wave energy harvesters for electricity generation, while the seawater‐containing electrolyzer is employed for hydrogen generation. After power management on the output of the TENGs and electrochemical reaction optimization, the system can generate hydrogen at a rate of 814.8 µL m‐2 d‐1 and a Faraday efficiency of 69.1% under ideal operation conditions, demonstrating the practical potential of the constructed system toward carbon neutralization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]