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231,078 results on '"H E."'

151. Deep learning segmentation of fibrous cap in intravascular optical coherence tomography images

Author

Lee, Juhwan, Kim, Justin N., Dallan, Luis A. P., Zimin, Vladislav N., Hoori, Ammar, Hassani, Neda S., Makhlouf, Mohamed H. E., Guagliumi, Giulio, Bezerra, Hiram G., and Wilson, David L.

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA) is a prominent risk factor for plaque rupture. Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IVOCT) enables identification of fibrous cap (FC), measurement of FC thicknesses, and assessment of plaque vulnerability. We developed a fully-automated deep learning method for FC segmentation. This study included 32,531 images across 227 pullbacks from two registries. Images were semi-automatically labeled using our OCTOPUS with expert editing using established guidelines. We employed preprocessing including guidewire shadow detection, lumen segmentation, pixel-shifting, and Gaussian filtering on raw IVOCT (r,theta) images. Data were augmented in a natural way by changing theta in spiral acquisitions and by changing intensity and noise values. We used a modified SegResNet and comparison networks to segment FCs. We employed transfer learning from our existing much larger, fully-labeled calcification IVOCT dataset to reduce deep-learning training. Overall, our method consistently delivered better FC segmentation results (Dice: 0.837+/-0.012) than other deep-learning methods. Transfer learning reduced training time by 84% and reduced the need for more training samples. Our method showed a high level of generalizability, evidenced by highly-consistent segmentations across five-fold cross-validation (sensitivity: 85.0+/-0.3%, Dice: 0.846+/-0.011) and the held-out test (sensitivity: 84.9%, Dice: 0.816) sets. In addition, we found excellent agreement of FC thickness with ground truth (2.95+/-20.73 um), giving clinically insignificant bias. There was excellent reproducibility in pre- and post-stenting pullbacks (average FC angle: 200.9+/-128.0 deg / 202.0+/-121.1 deg). Our method will be useful for multiple research purposes and potentially for planning stent deployments that avoid placing a stent edge over an FC., Comment: 24 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, 2 supplementary figures, 3 supplementary tables

Published
2023

158. Induction of Cure in Early Arthritis (I CEA): study protocol for an investigator-initiated randomized single-blind clinical trial with open-label extension to compare three treatment strategies in patients with newly diagnosed undifferentiated arthritis

Author

Bergstra, S. A., van Ouwerkerk, L., Nevins, I. S., van der Pol, J. A., Helmich, G. S., Hest, I., van Veen, A., Bos, R., Goekoop-Ruiterman, Y. P. M., Vonkeman, H. E., Bijsterbosch, J., de Jong, P. H. P., Güler-Yüksel, M., Böhringer, S., Huizinga, T. W. J., and van Gaalen, F. A.

Published
2024
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160. Compilation of secondary metabolites produced by fungal strains identified as Aspergillus flavus var. oryzae (formerly Aspergillus oryzae), with a review of biotechnological applications, and computational studies of their anti-COVID-19 activity

Author

Ibrahim, Sabrin R. M., Pinzari, Flavia, Mohamed, Shaimaa G. A., Hussein, Hazem G. A., Alzain, Abdulrahim A., Almogaddam, Mohammed A., Hassan, Ahmed H. E., El-Sayed, Selwan M., AlGhamdi, Nada A. S. O., and Mohamed, Gamal A.

Published
2024
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161. Single-cell landscape of innate and acquired drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia

Author

Wegmann, Rebekka, Bonilla, Ximena, Casanova, Ruben, Chevrier, Stéphane, Coelho, Ricardo, Esposito, Cinzia, Ficek-Pascual, Joanna, Goetze, Sandra, Gut, Gabriele, Jacob, Francis, Jacobs, Andrea, Kuipers, Jack, Lischetti, Ulrike, Mena, Julien, Milani, Emanuela S., Prummer, Michael, Del Castillo, Jacobo Sarabia, Singer, Franziska, Sivapatham, Sujana, Toussaint, Nora C., Vilinovszki, Oliver, Wildschut, Mattheus H. E., Thavayogarajah, Tharshika, Malani, Disha, Aebersold, Rudolf, Bacac, Marina, Beerenwinkel, Niko, Beisel, Christian, Bodenmiller, Bernd, Heinzelmann-Schwarz, Viola, Koelzer, Viktor H., Levesque, Mitchell P., Moch, Holger, Pelkmans, Lucas, Rätsch, Gunnar, Tolnay, Markus, Wicki, Andreas, Wollscheid, Bernd, Manz, Markus G., Snijder, Berend, and Theocharides, Alexandre P. A.

Published
2024
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173. A climate vulnerability assessment of the fish community in the Western Baltic Sea

Author

Moll, Dorothee, Asmus, Harald, Blöcker, Alexandra, Böttcher, Uwe, Conradt, Jan, Färber, Leonie, Funk, Nicole, Funk, Steffen, Gutte, Helene, Hinrichsen, Hans-Harald, Kotterba, Paul, Krumme, Uwe, Madiraca, Frane, Meier, H. E. Markus, Meyer, Steffi, Moritz, Timo, Otto, Saskia A., Pinto, Guilherme, Polte, Patrick, Riekhof, Marie-Catherine, Sarrazin, Victoria, Scotti, Marco, Voss, Rudi, Winkler, Helmut, and Möllmann, Christian

Published
2024
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179. High-precision stereotactic irradiation for focal drug-resistant epilepsy versus standard treatment: a randomized waitlist-controlled trial (the PRECISION trial)

Author

Zegers, C. M. L., Swinnen, A., Roumen, C., Hoffmann, A. L., Troost, E. G. C., van Asch, C. J. J., Brandts, L., Compter, I., Dieleman, E. M. T., Dijkstra, J. B., Granzier, M., Hendriks, M., Hofman, P., Houben, R. M. A., Ramaekers, B., Ronner, H. E., Rouhl, R. P. W., van der Salm, S., Santegoeds, R. G. C., Verhoeff, J. J., Wagner, G. L., Zwemmer, J., Schijns, OEMG, Colon, A. J., and Eekers, D. B. P.

Published
2024
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180. Ex vivo validation of magnetically actuated intravascular untethered robots in a clinical setting

Author

Ligtenberg, Leendert-Jan W., Rabou, Nicole C. A., Goulas, Constantinos, Duinmeijer, Wytze C., Halfwerk, Frank R., Arens, Jutta, Lomme, Roger, Magdanz, Veronika, Klingner, Anke, Klein Rot, Emily A. M., Nijland, Colin H. E., Wasserberg, Dorothee, Liefers, H. Remco, Jonkheijm, Pascal, Susarrey-Arce, Arturo, Warlé, Michiel, and Khalil, Islam S. M.

Published
2024
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188. Long-term outcomes of young, node-negative, chemotherapy-naïve, triple-negative breast cancer patients according to BRCA1 status

Author

Wang, Yuwei, Dackus, Gwen M. H. E., Rosenberg, Efraim H., Cornelissen, Sten, de Boo, Leonora W., Broeks, Annegien, Brugman, Wim, Chan, Terry W. S., van Diest, Paul J., Hauptmann, Michael, ter Hoeve, Natalie D., Isaeva, Olga I., de Jong, Vincent M. T., Jóźwiak, Katarzyna, Kluin, Roelof J. C., Kok, Marleen, Koop, Esther, Nederlof, Petra M., Opdam, Mark, Schouten, Philip C., Siesling, Sabine, van Steenis, Charlaine, Voogd, Adri C., Vreuls, Willem, Salgado, Roberto F., Linn, Sabine C., and Schmidt, Marjanka K.

Published
2024
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190. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of intradermal mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: a non-inferiority, randomized-controlled trial

Author

Prins, Manon L. M., Roozen, Geert V. T., Pothast, Cilia. R., Huisman, Wesley, van Binnendijk, Rob, den Hartog, Gerco, Kuiper, Vincent P., Prins, Corine, Janse, Jacqueline J., Lamers, Olivia. A. C., Koopman, Jan Pieter R., Kruithof, Annelieke C., Kamerling, Ingrid M. C., Dijkland, Romy C., de Kroon, Alicia. C., Azimi, Shohreh, Feltkamp, Mariet C. W., Kuijer, Marjan, Jochems, Simon P., Heemskerk, Mirjam H. M., Rosendaal, Frits R., Roestenberg, Meta, Visser, Leo G., and Roukens, Anna H. E.

Published
2024
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192. Inverse catalysts: tuning the composition and structure of oxide clusters through the metal support

Author

Luuk H. E. Kempen and Mie Andersen

Subjects
Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials, TA401-492, Computer software, QA76.75-76.765
Abstract

Abstract Computational modeling of metal–oxide interfaces is challenging due to the large search space of compositions and structures and the complexity of catalyst materials under operating conditions in general. In this work, we develop an efficient structure search workflow to discover chemically unique and relevant nanocluster geometries of inverse catalysts and apply it to Zn y O x and In y O x on Cu(111), Pd(111), and Au(111). We show that the workflow is successful in obtaining a large range of chemically distinct structures. Structural geometry trends are identified, including stable motifs such as tripod, rhombus, and pyramidal motifs. Using ab initio thermodynamics, we explore the in situ stability of the structures, including single-atom alloys, at a range of oxygen availabilities. This approach allows us to find trends such as the susceptibility to oxidation of the different systems and the range of stability of different cluster motifs. Our analysis highlights the importance of taking the diversity of sites exposed by metal–oxide interfaces into account in catalyst design studies.

Published
2025
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193. Migration as a hidden risk factor in seismic fatality: a spatial modeling of the Chi-Chi earthquake and suburban syndrome

Author

T.-H. K. Chen, K.-H. E. Lin, T.-H. Lin, G.-Y. Liu, C.-H. Yeh, and D. M. Ceballos

Subjects
Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering, TD1-1066, Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Geology, QE1-996.5
Abstract

Suburban areas have experienced disproportionately more fatalities during major earthquakes. Place-based models attribute this spatial disparity to hazard, exposure, and social-vulnerability factors. However, the impact of migration on seismic fatality remains underexplored, primarily due to the challenges of accessing mobility data. In this study, we apply a geospatial method, the radiation model, to estimate migration patterns as a critical component of exposure and vulnerability. Analyzing the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake in Taiwan with Poisson regression across 4052 neighborhoods, we factor in migration inflow (i.e., population traveling from other neighborhoods), income of the migrants' origin, and the indigenous-population percentage among migrants, along with other risk factors proven in previous studies. Our findings indicate that migration inflow significantly correlates with an increased number of fatalities. Furthermore, a lower income in the neighborhood of the migrants' origin is significantly associated with more fatalities at their destination. An elevated proportion of the indigenous population in the migrants' original neighborhood also significantly correlates with an increased number of fatalities, although the impact of the Chi-Chi earthquake does not predominantly affect indigenous jurisdictions. This study underscores the seismic-fatality risk on the outskirts of megacities, where migrants from lower-income and historically marginalized groups are more likely to reside for precarious employment, emphasizing the need for affordable and safe living infrastructure for the migrating population. Addressing migrants' vulnerabilities in housing will not only reduce seismic-fatality risk but also improve preparedness against other disasters and public health emergencies.

Published
2024
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194. Knickpoints and fixed points: the evolution of fluvial morphology under the combined effect of fault uplift and dam obstruction on a soft bedrock river

Author

H.-E. Chen, Y.-Y. Chiu, C.-Y. Cheng, and S.-C. Chen

Subjects
Dynamic and structural geology, QE500-639.5
Abstract

Rapid changes in river geomorphology can occur after being disturbed by external factors like earthquakes or large dam obstructions. Studies documenting the evolution of river morphology under such conditions have advanced our understanding of fluvial geomorphology. The Dajia River in Taiwan presents a unique example of the combined effects of a coseismic fault (the 1999 Mw 7.6 Chi-Chi earthquake) and a dam. As a result of the steep terrain and abundant precipitation, rivers in Taiwan have exhibited characteristic post-disturbance evolution over 20 years. This study also considers two other comparative rivers with similar congenital conditions: the Daan River was affected by a thrust fault Chi-Chi earthquake as well, and the Zhuoshui River was influenced by dam construction finished in 2001. The survey data and knickpoint migration model were used to analyze the evolution of the three rivers and propose hypothesis models. Results showed that the mobile knickpoint migrated upstream under the influence of flow, while the dam acted as a fixed point, leading to an increased elevation gap and downstream channel incision. Thereby, the narrowing and incision of the Dajia River began at both ends and progressively spread to the whole reach under the combined effects.

Published
2024
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195. Nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as a novel treatment for black fungal bone infections (Mucormycosis): in vitro and in vivo study

Author

Amany Belal, Atiah H. Almalki, Ahmed A. Farghali, Rehab Mahmoud, R. R. Atta, Abeer Enaiet Allah, Walid Hamdy Hassan, Sangmin Lee, Amna A. Kotp, Doaa Essam, Ahmed H. E. Hassan, Mohammed M. Ghoneim, Fatma I. Abo El-Ela, and Abdalla Abdelwahab

Subjects
Carbon quantum dots, Mucor, bone infections, bone disorders and disabilities, black fungi, anti-fungal, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Medical technology, R855-855.5
Abstract

Most fungal bone and joint infections (arthritis) are caused by Mucormycosis (Mucor indicus). These infections may be difficult to treat and may lead to chronic bone disorders and disabilities, thus the use of new antifungal materials in bone disorders is vital, particularly in immunocompromised individuals, such as those who have contracted coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Herein, we reported for the first time the preparation of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N/CQDs) and a nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon (N/MC) using a quick micro-wave preparation and hydrothermal approach. The structure and morphology were analysed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and surface area analyser. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), disc diffusion tests, minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) and antifungal inhibitory percentages were measured to investigate the antifungal activity of N/CQDs and N/MC nanostructures. In addition to the in vivo antifungal activity in rats as determined by wound induction and infection, pathogen count and histological studies were also performed. According to in vitro and in vivo testing, both N/CQDs with small size and N/MC with porous structure had a significant antifungal impact on a variety of bone-infecting bacteria, including Mucor infection. In conclusion, the present investigation demonstrates that functional N/CQDs and N/MC are effective antifungal agents against a range of microbial pathogenic bone disorders in immunocompromised individuals, with stronger and superior fungicidal activity for N/CQDs than N/MC in vitro and in vivo studies.

Published
2024
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196. Measurement report: Long-term measurements of surface ozone and trends in semi-natural sub-Saharan African ecosystems

Author

H. E. V. Donnou, A. B. Akpo, M. Ossohou, C. Delon, V. Yoboué, D. Laouali, M. Ouafo-Leumbe, P. G. Van Zyl, O. Ndiaye, E. Gardrat, M. Dias-Alves, and C. Galy-Lacaux

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999, Chemistry, QD1-999
Abstract

For nearly 30 years, the International Network to study Deposition and Atmospheric chemistry in AFrica (INDAAF) programme has measured surface ozone from 14 sites in Africa representative of the main African ecosystems: dry savannas (Banizoumbou, Niger; Katibougou and Agoufou, Mali; Bambey and Dahra, Senegal), wet savannas (Lamto, Côte d'Ivoire; Djougou, Benin), forests (Zoétélé, Cameroon; Bomassa, Republic of the Congo) and agricultural–semi-arid savannas (Mbita, Kenya; Louis Trichardt, Amersfoort, Skukuza and Cape Point, South Africa). The data are collected with passive samplers and archived as monthly averages; quality assurance is maintained by INDAAF's calibration and intercomparison protocols with other programmes employing the same systems. This analysis reports on correlations of INDAAF ozone time series (1995–2020) with local meteorological parameters and with ozone precursors, biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), derived from standard global databases. Mean annual averages of surface ozone range from 3.9 ± 1.1 ppb (Bomassa) to 30.8 ± 8.0 ppb (Louis Trichardt), reflecting a general positive gradient from west central Africa to South Africa. At the decade scale, from 2000 to 2020, the Katibougou and Banizoumbou sites (dry savanna) experienced a significant decrease in ozone of around −2.4 and −0.8 ppb per decade, respectively. These decreasing trends are consistent with those observed for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and BVOCs. An increasing trend is observed in Zoétélé (2001–2020), estimated at +0.7 ppb per decade, and at Skukuza (2000–2015; +3.4 ppb per decade). The increasing trends are consistent with increasing biogenic emissions at Zoétélé and NO2 levels at Skukuza. Very few surface O3 measurements exist in Africa, and the long-term results presented in this study are the most extensive for the ecosystems studied. The importance of maintaining long-term observations like INDAAF cannot be overstated. The data can be used to assess ozone impacts on African crops. For the Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report Phase II (TOAR II), they provide invaluable constraints for models of chemical and climate processes in the atmosphere.

Published
2024
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197. A Simultaneous Dual-site Technosignature Search Using International LOFAR Stations

Author

Johnson, Owen A., Gajjar, Vishal, Keane, Evan F., McKenna, David J., Giese, Charles, McKeon, Ben, Carozzi, Tobia D., Alcaria, Cloe, Brennan, Aoife, Brzycki, Bryan, Croft, Steve, Drew, Jamie, Elkins, Richard, Gallagher, Peter T., Kelly, Ruth, Lebofsky, Matt, MacMahon, Dave H. E., McCauley, Joseph, de Pater, Imke, Raeside, Shauna Rose, Siemion, Andrew P. V., and Worden, S. Pete

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence aims to find evidence of technosignatures, which can point toward the possible existence of technologically advanced extraterrestrial life. Radio signals similar to those engineered on Earth may be transmitted by other civilizations, motivating technosignature searches across the entire radio spectrum. In this endeavor, the low-frequency radio band has remained largely unexplored; with prior radio searches primarily above 1 GHz. In this survey at 110-190 MHz, observations of 1,631,198 targets from TESS and Gaia are reported. Observations took place simultaneously with two international stations (noninterferometric) of the Low Frequency Array in Ireland and Sweden. We can reject the presence of any Doppler drifting narrowband transmissions in the barycentric frame of reference, with equivalent isotropic radiated power of 10 17 W, for 0.4 million (or 1.3 million) stellar systems at 110 (or 190) MHz. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of using multisite simultaneous observations for rejecting anthropogenic signals in the search for technosignatures., Comment: 15 Pages, 16 Figures, 2 Machine Readable Tables

Published
2023
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198. Consistently constraining $f_{\rm NL}$ with the squeezed lensing bispectrum using consistency relations

Author

Goldstein, Samuel, Philcox, Oliver H. E., Hill, J. Colin, Esposito, Angelo, and Hui, Lam

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We introduce a non-perturbative method to constrain the amplitude of local-type primordial non-Gaussianity ($f_{\rm NL}$) using squeezed configurations of the CMB lensing convergence and cosmic shear bispectra. First, we use cosmological consistency relations to derive a model for the squeezed limit of angular auto- and cross-bispectra of lensing convergence fields in the presence of $f_{\rm NL}$. Using this model, we perform a Fisher forecast with specifications expected for upcoming CMB lensing measurements from the Simons Observatory and CMB-S4, as well as cosmic shear measurements from a Rubin LSST/Euclid-like experiment. Assuming a minimum multipole $\ell_{\rm min}=10$ and maximum multipole $\ell_{\rm max}=1400$, we forecast $\sigma_{f_{\rm NL}}=175$ ($95$) for Simons Observatory (CMB-S4). Our forecasts improve considerably for an LSST/Euclid-like cosmic shear experiment with three tomographic bins and $\ell_{\rm min}=10$ and $\ell_{\rm max}=1400$ ($5000$) with $\sigma_{f_{\rm NL}}=31$ ($16$). A joint analysis of CMB-S4 lensing and LSST/Euclid-like shear yields little gain over the shear-only forecasts; however, we show that a joint analysis could be useful if the CMB lensing convergence can be reliably reconstructed at larger angular scales than the shear field. The method presented in this work is a novel and robust technique to constrain local primordial non-Gaussianity from upcoming large-scale structure surveys that is completely independent of the galaxy field (and therefore any nuisance parameters such as $b_\phi$), thus complementing existing techniques to constrain $f_{\rm NL}$ using the scale-dependent halo bias., Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, comments welcome!

Published
2023

199. Search for baryon and lepton number violating decays $\boldsymbol{D \rightarrow p\ell}$

Author

Belle Collaboration, Maity, S., Garg, R., Bahinipati, S., Bhardwaj, V., Aihara, H., Said, S. Al, Asner, DM, Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Banerjee, Sw., Bauer, M., Bennett, J., Bessner, M., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Budano, A., Campajola, M., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Chilikin, K., Cho, H. E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choi, Y., Choudhury, S., Das, S., Dash, N., De Pietro, G., Dhamija, R., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Dong, TV, Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Ferber, T., Fulsom, BG, Gaur, V., Giri, A., Goldenzweig, P., Graziani, E., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hou, W. -S., Hsu, C. -L., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, WW, Jin, Y., Kalita, D., Kiesling, C., Kim, CH, Kim, DY, Kinoshita, K., }, P. Kody\v{s, Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lam, T., Lee, SC, Levit, D., Li, LK, Li, Y., Li, YB, Gioi, L. Li, Lieret, K., Liventsev, D., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matvienko, D., Maurya, SK, Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mussa, R., Nakao, M., Narwal, D., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Oskin, P., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, TK, Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, LE, Podobnik, T., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, MT, Rout, N., Russo, G., Sakai, Y., Sandilya, S., Santelj., L., Savinov, V., Schnell, G., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Senyo, K., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shiu, J. -G., Solovieva, E., Starič, M., Sumihama, M., Takizawa, M., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Trabelsi, K., Uchida, M., Uglov, T., Unno, Y., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Usov, Y., Varvell, K. E., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Watanuki, S., Wiechczynski, J., Xu, X., Yabsley, B. D., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yin, J. H., Yuan, L., Zhang, Z. P., Zhilich, V., and Zhukova, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We search for the baryon and lepton number violating charm decays, $D \rightarrow p\ell$, where $D$ is either a $D^0$ or a $\overline{D}^0$ and $\ell$ is a muon or an electron, using a data sample of $921\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider. In the absence of significant signals, we set upper limits on the branching fractions in the range $(5 - 8) \times 10^{-7}$ at a 90\% confidence level, depending on the decay mode., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, PHYSICAL REVIEW D 109, L031101 (2024)[DOI: : 10.1103/PhysRevD.109.L031101]

Published
2023

200. Measurement of branching fractions and direct $CP$ asymmetries for $B \to K\pi$ and $B\to\pi\pi$ decays at Belle II

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. 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Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report measurements of the branching fractions and direct $\it{CP}$ asymmetries of the decays $B^0 \to K^+ \pi^-$, $B^+ \to K^+ \pi^0$, $B^+ \to K^0 \pi^+$, and $B^0 \to K^0 \pi^0$, and use these for testing the standard model through an isospin-based sum rule. In addition, we measure the branching fraction and direct $\it{CP}$ asymmetry of the decay $B^+ \to \pi^+\pi^0$ and the branching fraction of the decay $B^0 \to \pi^+\pi^-$. The data are collected with the Belle II detector from $e^+e^-$ collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance produced by the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy collider and contain $387\times 10^6$ bottom-antibottom meson pairs. Signal yields are determined in two-dimensional fits to background-discriminating variables, and range from 500 to 3900 decays, depending on the channel. We obtain $-0.03 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.04$ for the sum rule, in agreement with the standard model expectation of zero and with a precision comparable to the best existing determinations.

Published
2023
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