Search

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of diet composition and time of urine spot sampling on estimates of urinary purine derivative (PD) excretion. In Exp. 1, 116 individually fed crossbred heifers (407 ± 32 kg) were arranged in a randomized block design (82 d). Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial design, with two urine spot sample collection times (0700 and 1700 hours; AM and PM) and three diets: 85% steam-flaked corn (SFC); 85% SFC + 1.5% urea (UREA); or 25% SFC, 30% wet corn gluten feed, and 30% corn bran (BYPROD). In Exp. 2, six ruminally and duodenally fistulated steers (474 ± 37 kg) were arranged in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design, with dietary treatments identical to Exp. 1 (63 d). Treatment diets were selected to result in varied amounts of microbial crude protein (MCP) in order to evaluate the accuracy of using estimates of urinary PD excretion to predict MCP. Urine spot samples were collected at 0700, 1200, 1700, and 2200 hours. No urine collection time × diet interactions occurred (P > 0.20) for any variable in either experiment. In Exp. 1, dry matter intake (DMI) was greatest with BYRPOD (10.40 kg/d) and lowest with SFC (7.90 kg/d; P < 0.05). Feed efficiencies were greatest for UREA (0.182) and least for SFC (0.141; P < 0.05). Urinary PD:creatinine (PD:C) ratio was greatest for BYPROD (1.25) and least for SFC (0.94; P < 0.05). Urine spot sampling time had a significant (P < 0.05) impact on PD:C, 1.03 for AM and 1.22 for PM samples. In Exp. 2, DMI was greater (P < 0.05) with BYPROD than with SFC and tended (P = 0.07) to be greater with BYPROD than with UREA. Ruminal pH was greatest for BYPROD (5.94; P < 0.05). Flow of MCP was 636, 829, and 1,056 g/d for SFC, UREA, and BYPROD, with BYPROD being greater (P < 0.05) than SFC and tending (P = 0.06) to be greater than UREA. Urinary PD:C was greater (P < 0.05) for BYPROD than SFC and tended (P = 0.09) to be greater for UREA than SFC. Urinary PD:C increased linearly (P < 0.05) with sampling time. Diets formulated to affect DMI and MCP flow resulted in differences in urinary PD excretion, and these results related well with MCP flow estimated from duodenal purines. Collecting spot samples of urine later in the day resulted in greater estimates of urinary PD excretion; purine and PD flows appear to increase with time after one morning feeding per day. This method is well suited to evaluating relative differences between treatments but should not be extrapolated to assume absolute values.

A U(H)PLC–MS/MS method is described for the analysis of acetaminophen and its sulphate, glucuronide, glutathione, cysteinyl and N-acetylcysteinyl metabolites in plasma using stable isotope-labeled internal standards. P-Aminophenol glucuronide and 3-methoxyacetaminophen were monitored and semi-quantified using external standards. The assay takes 7.5 min/sample, requires only 5 μl of plasma and involves minimal sample preparation. The method was validated for rat plasma and cross validated for human and pig plasma and mouse serum. LOQ in plasma for these analytes were 0.44 μg/ml (APAP-C), 0.58 μg/ml (APAP-SG), 0.84 μg/ml (APAP-NAC), 2.75 μg/ml (APAP-S), 3.00 μg/ml (APAP-G) and 16 μg/ml (APAP). Application of the method is illustrated by the analysis of plasma following oral administration of APAP to male Han Wistar rats.

A U(H)PLC–MS/MS method is described for the analysis of acetaminophen and its sulphate, glucuronide, glutathione, cysteinyl and N-acetylcysteinyl metabolites in plasma using stable isotope-labeled internal standards. P-Aminophenol glucuronide and 3-methoxyacetaminophen were monitored and semi-quantified using external standards. The assay takes 7.5 min/sample, requires only 5 μl of plasma and involves minimal sample preparation. The method was validated for rat plasma and cross validated for human and pig plasma and mouse serum. LOQ in plasma for these analytes were 0.44 μg/ml (APAP-C), 0.58 μg/ml (APAP-SG), 0.84 μg/ml (APAP-NAC), 2.75 μg/ml (APAP-S), 3.00 μg/ml (APAP-G) and 16 μg/ml (APAP). Application of the method is illustrated by the analysis of plasma following oral administration of APAP to male Han Wistar rats.

Objectives/Interrogation: Soft tissue tumours of the hand are common and usually benign. Enlargement of tumours within the confined spaces of the hand can cause pain and stiffness. We report the case of a desmoplastic fibroblastoma (collagenous fibroma): a rare histological finding in the hand.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 14th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand (IFSSH), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT), 11th Triennial Congress of the International Federation of Societies for Hand Therapy (IFSHT)

Data from three large-pen feedlot studies were pooled to evaluate use of a long-acting implant (Revalor-XS) as an initial implant in a re-implant program. The three studies consisted of 2,764 steers in 40 pens, with an initial body weight (BW) of 271 kg. Treatments consisted of Revalor-IS [80 mg trenbolone acetate (TBA), 16 mg estradiol (E2)] administered on arrival, followed by Revalor-200 (200 mg TBA, 20 mg E2) terminal implant (IS/200) or Revalor-XS (80 mg TBA, 16 mg E2 uncoated; 120 mg TBA, 24 mg E2 coated; 200 mg TBA, 40 mg E2 total) on arrival followed by Revalor-200 terminal implant (XS/200). Steers were fed to equal days-on-feed (DOF) within study and averaged 210 DOF. Steers within treatment were re-implanted at same DOF in two studies (Day 124 on average followed by an 81-day terminal implant window). In the third study, IS/200 steers were implanted on Day 120 and XS/200 steers on Day 140 of the 217-day study. Final BW averaged 635.6 and 638.3 kg for IS/200 and XS/200, respectively (P = 0.21). There were no differences (P > 0.26) in DMI, ADG and Gain:Feed between treatments. Hot carcass weight tended (P = 0.07) to be greater with XS/200 (412.7 kg) compared with IS/200 (409.1 kg). Ribeye area was greater (P < 0.01) and fat thickness tended (P = 0.06) to be lower with XS/200 compared with IS/200. Distributions of USDA quality grades were not affected (P = 0.26) by treatment. Distributions of USDA yield grades (YG) were affected (P = 0.01) by treatment with a shift toward more YG 1 and 2 carcasses with XS/200 and more YG 4 and 5 carcasses with IS/200. This analysis indicates that using Revalor-XS as an initial implant leads to greater carcass weight and ribeye area and lower YG when compared with Revalor-IS.