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151. The Influence of Hormonal Factors on the Risk of Developing Cervical Cancer and Pre-Cancer: Results from the EPIC Cohort

Author

Roura, Esther, primary, Travier, Noémie, additional, Waterboer, Tim, additional, de Sanjosé, Silvia, additional, Bosch, F. Xavier, additional, Pawlita, Michael, additional, Pala, Valeria, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Margall, Núria, additional, Dillner, Joakim, additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Munk, Christian, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Khaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, additional, Mesrine, Sylvie, additional, Fournier, Agnès, additional, Fortner, Renée T., additional, Ose, Jennifer, additional, Steffen, Annika, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Lagiou, Pagona, additional, Orfanos, Philippos, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Polidoro, Silvia, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Lund, Eiliv, additional, Peeters, Petra H., additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as)., additional, Quirós, J. Ramón, additional, Sánchez, María-José, additional, Navarro, Carmen, additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Larrañaga, Nerea, additional, Ekström, Johanna, additional, Lindquist, David, additional, Idahl, Annika, additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Merritt, Melissa A., additional, Gunter, Marc J., additional, Rinaldi, Sabina, additional, Tommasino, Massimo, additional, Franceschi, Silvia, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Castellsagué, Xavier, additional

Published
2016
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152. Endogenous androgens and risk of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer by tumor characteristics in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Ose, Jennifer, Fortner, Renée T., Rinaldi, Sabina, Schock, Helena, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Dossus, Laure, Fournier, Agnes, Baglietto, Laura, Romieu, Isabelle, Kuhn, Elisabetta, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Obón-Santacana, Mireia, Larrañaga, Nerea, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Sánchez, María-José, Barricarte, Aurelio, Peeters, Petra H., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as), Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Brändstedt, Jenny, Lundin, Eva, Idahl, Annika, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Kaw, Kay-Tee, Travis, Ruth C., Merritt, Melissa A., Gunther, Marc J., Riboli, Elio, Kaaks, Rudolf, Ose, Jennifer, Fortner, Renée T., Rinaldi, Sabina, Schock, Helena, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Dossus, Laure, Fournier, Agnes, Baglietto, Laura, Romieu, Isabelle, Kuhn, Elisabetta, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Obón-Santacana, Mireia, Larrañaga, Nerea, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, Sánchez, María-José, Barricarte, Aurelio, Peeters, Petra H., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as), Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Brändstedt, Jenny, Lundin, Eva, Idahl, Annika, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Kaw, Kay-Tee, Travis, Ruth C., Merritt, Melissa A., Gunther, Marc J., Riboli, Elio, and Kaaks, Rudolf

Abstract

The role of endogenous androgens and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in ovarian carcinogenesis is poorly understood. Epithelial invasive ovarian cancer (EOC) is a heterogeneous disease and there are no prospective data on endogenous androgens and EOC risk by tumor characteristics (histology, grade, stage) or the dualistic model of ovarian carcinogenesis (i.e. type I vs. type II, leading to less or more aggressive tumors). We conducted a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort evaluating androgens and SHBG and invasive EOC risk by tumor characteristics. Female participants who provided a blood sample and were not using exogenous hormones at blood donation were eligible (n = 183,257). A total of 565 eligible women developed EOC; two controls (n = 1,097) were matched per case. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression models. We observed no association between androgens, SHBG and EOC overall. A doubling of androstenedione reduced risk of serous carcinomas by 21% (odds ratio (OR)log2=0.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]=[0.64-0.97]). Moreover, associations differed for low-grade and high-grade carcinomas, with positive associations for low-grade and inverse associations for high-grade carcinomas (e.g. androstenedione: low grade: ORlog2=1.99 [0.98-4.06]; high grade: ORlog2=0.75 [0.61-0.93], p(het)0.01), similar associations were observed for type I/II tumors. This is the first prospective study to evaluate androgens, SHBG and EOC risk by tumor characteristics and type I/II status. Our findings support a possible role of androgens in ovarian carcinogenesis. Additional studies exploring this association are needed. What's new? There appear to be several types of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer (EOC), and hormone-related risk factors are poorly understood. In this study, the authors found that the impact of endogenous androgens on the risk of developing EOC differed depending upon tumor cha

Published
2015
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153. Dietary Intake of Acrylamide and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort

Author

Obon-Santacana, Mireia, Peeters, Petra H. M., Freisling, Heinz, Dossus, Laure, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Baglietto, Laura, Schock, Helena, Fortner, Renee T., Boeing, Heiner, Tjonneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Menendez, Virginia, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Larranaga, Nerea, Huerta Castano, Jose Mara, Barricarte, Aurelio, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Travis, Ruth C., Merritt, Melissa A., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Orfanos, Philippos, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Wirfalt, Elisabeth, Stocks, Tanja, Idahl, Annika, Lundin, Eva, Skeie, Guri, Gram, Inger T., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Riboli, Elio, Duell, Eric J., Obon-Santacana, Mireia, Peeters, Petra H. M., Freisling, Heinz, Dossus, Laure, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Baglietto, Laura, Schock, Helena, Fortner, Renee T., Boeing, Heiner, Tjonneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Menendez, Virginia, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Larranaga, Nerea, Huerta Castano, Jose Mara, Barricarte, Aurelio, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Travis, Ruth C., Merritt, Melissa A., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Orfanos, Philippos, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Wirfalt, Elisabeth, Stocks, Tanja, Idahl, Annika, Lundin, Eva, Skeie, Guri, Gram, Inger T., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Riboli, Elio, and Duell, Eric J.

Abstract

Acrylamide, classified in 1994 by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as "probably carcinogenic" to humans, was discovered in 2002 in some heat-treated, carbohydrate-rich foods. The association between dietary acrylamide intake and epithelial ovarian cancer risk (EOC) has been previously studied in one case-control and three prospective cohort studies which obtained inconsistent results and could not further examine histologic subtypes other than serous EOC. The present study was carried out in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) subcohort of women (n = 325,006). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between questionnaire-based acrylamide intake and EOC risk. Acrylamide was energy-adjusted using the residual method and was evaluated both as a continuous variable (per 10 mu g/d) and in quintiles; when subgroups by histologic EOC subtypes were analyzed, acrylamide intake was evaluated in quartiles. During a mean follow-up of 11 years, 1,191 incident EOC cases were diagnosed. At baseline, the median acrylamide intake in EPIC was 21.3 mu g/d. No associations and no evidence for a dose-response were observed between energy-adjusted acrylamide intake and EOC risk (HR10 mu(g/d), 1.02; 95% CI, 0.96-1.09; HRQ5vsQ1, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.76-1.23). No differences were seen when invasive EOC subtypes (582 serous, 118 endometrioid, and 79 mucinous tumors) were analyzed separately. This study did not provide evidence that acrylamide intake, based on food intake questionnaires, was associated with risk for EOC in EPIC. Additional studies with more reliable estimates of exposure based on biomarkers may be needed.

Published
2015
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154. Investigation of Dietary Factors and Endometrial Cancer Risk Using a Nutrient-wide Association Study Approach in the EPIC and Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII

Author

Merritt, Melissa A., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Tworoger, Shelley S., De Vivo, Immaculata, Hankinson, Susan E., Fernandes, Judy, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Tjonneland, Anne, Petersen, Kristina E. N., Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Dossus, Laure, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Fortner, Renee T., Kaaks, Rudolf, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bamia, Christina, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. (as), Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Peeters, Petra H., Gram, Inger T., Skeie, Guri, Ramon Quiros, J., Duell, Eric J., Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Salmeron, D., Barricarte, Aurelio, Chamosa, Saioa, Ericson, Ulrica, Sonestedt, Emily, Nilsson, Lena Maria, Idahl, Annika, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Travis, Ruth C., Rinaldi, Sabina, Romieu, Isabelle, Patel, Chirag J., Riboli, Elio, Gunter, Marc J., Merritt, Melissa A., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Tworoger, Shelley S., De Vivo, Immaculata, Hankinson, Susan E., Fernandes, Judy, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Tjonneland, Anne, Petersen, Kristina E. N., Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Dossus, Laure, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Fortner, Renee T., Kaaks, Rudolf, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bamia, Christina, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. (as), Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Peeters, Petra H., Gram, Inger T., Skeie, Guri, Ramon Quiros, J., Duell, Eric J., Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Salmeron, D., Barricarte, Aurelio, Chamosa, Saioa, Ericson, Ulrica, Sonestedt, Emily, Nilsson, Lena Maria, Idahl, Annika, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Travis, Ruth C., Rinaldi, Sabina, Romieu, Isabelle, Patel, Chirag J., Riboli, Elio, and Gunter, Marc J.

Abstract

Data on the role of dietary factors in endometrial cancer development are limited and inconsistent. We applied a "nutrient-wide association study" approach to systematically evaluate dietary risk associations for endometrial cancer while controlling for multiple hypothesis tests using the false discovery rate (FDR) and validating the results in an independent cohort. We evaluated endometrial cancer risk associations for dietary intake of 84 foods and nutrients based on dietary questionnaires in three prospective studies, the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC; N = 1,303 cases) followed by validation of nine foods/nutrients (FDR <= 0.10) in the Nurses' Health Studies (NHS/NHSII; N = 1,531 cases). Cox regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In multivariate adjusted comparisons of the extreme categories of intake at baseline, coffee was inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk (EPIC, median intake 750 g/day vs. 8.6; HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.68-0.97, P-trend = 0.09; NHS/NHSII, median intake 1067 g/day vs. none; HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.70-0.96, P-trend = 0.04). Eight other dietary factors that were associated with endometrial cancer risk in the EPIC study (total fat, monounsaturated fat, carbohydrates, phosphorus, butter, yogurt, cheese, and potatoes) were not confirmed in the NHS/NHSII. Our findings suggest that coffee intake may be inversely associated with endometrial cancer risk. Further data are needed to confirm these findings and to examine the mechanisms linking coffee intake to endometrial cancer risk to develop improved prevention strategies. (C)2015 AACR.

Published
2015
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155. Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Tumor Subtypes : The EPIC Cohort

Author

Ose, Jennifer, Schock, Helena, Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Overvad, Kim, Dossus, Laure, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Baglietto, Laura, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopolou, Antonia, Benetou, Vassiliki, Lagiou, Pagona, Masala, Giovanna, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(As), Peeters, Petra H. M., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Gram, Inger T., Sanchez, Soledad, Obon-Santacana, Mireia, Sanchez-Perez, Maria-Jose, Larranaga, Nerea, Huerta Castano, Jose Mara, Ardanaz, Eva, Brandstedt, Jenny, Lundin, Eva, Idahl, Annika, Travis, Ruth C., Khaw, Kay-Tee, Rinaldi, Sabina, Romieu, Isabelle, Merritt, Melissa A., Gunter, Marc J., Riboli, Elio, Kaaks, Rudolf, Fortner, Renee T., Ose, Jennifer, Schock, Helena, Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Overvad, Kim, Dossus, Laure, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Baglietto, Laura, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopolou, Antonia, Benetou, Vassiliki, Lagiou, Pagona, Masala, Giovanna, Tagliabue, Giovanna, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(As), Peeters, Petra H. M., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Gram, Inger T., Sanchez, Soledad, Obon-Santacana, Mireia, Sanchez-Perez, Maria-Jose, Larranaga, Nerea, Huerta Castano, Jose Mara, Ardanaz, Eva, Brandstedt, Jenny, Lundin, Eva, Idahl, Annika, Travis, Ruth C., Khaw, Kay-Tee, Rinaldi, Sabina, Romieu, Isabelle, Merritt, Melissa A., Gunter, Marc J., Riboli, Elio, Kaaks, Rudolf, and Fortner, Renee T.

Abstract

Background: Evidence suggests an etiologic role for inflammation in ovarian carcinogenesis and heterogeneity between tumor subtypes and anthropometric indices. Prospective studies on circulating inflammatory markers and epithelial invasive ovarian cancer (EOC) have predominantly investigated overall risk; data characterizing risk by tumor characteristics (histology, grade, stage, dualistic model of ovarian carcinogenesis) and anthropometric indices are sparse. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort to evaluate C-reactive protein (CRP), IL6, and EOC risk by tumor characteristics. A total of 754 eligible EOC cases were identified; two controls (n = 1,497) were matched per case. We used multivariable conditional logistic regression to assess associations. Results: CRP and IL6 were not associated with overall EOC risk. However, consistent with prior research, CRP >10 versus CRP <= 1 mg/L was associated with higher overall EOC risk [OR, 1.67 (1.03-2.70)]. We did not observe significant associations or heterogeneity in analyses by tumor characteristics. In analyses stratified by waist circumference, inflammatory markers were associated with higher risk among women with higher waist circumference; no association was observed for women with normal waist circumference [e.g., IL6: waist <= 80: ORlog2, 0.97 (0.81-1.16); waist >88: ORlog2, 1.78 (1.28-2.48), P-heterogeneity <= 0.01]. Conclusions: Our data suggest that high CRP is associated with increased risk of overall EOC, and that IL6 and CRP may be associated with EOC risk among women with higher adiposity. Impact: Our data add to global evidence that ovarian carcinogenesis may be promoted by an inflammatory milieu.

Published
2015
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156. Endogenous androgens and risk of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer by tumor characteristics in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Epi Kanker Team 1, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Cancer, MS MDL 1, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 3, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Ose, Jennifer, Fortner, Renée T., Rinaldi, Sabina, Schock, Helena, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Dossus, Laure, Fournier, Agnes, Baglietto, Laura, Romieu, Isabelle, Kuhn, Elisabetta, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Obõn-Santacana, Mireia, Larrañaga, Nerea, Chirlaque, María Dolores, Sánchez, María José, Barricarte, Aurelio, Peeters, Petra H., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. B., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Brändstedt, Jenny, Lundin, Eva, Idahl, Annika, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Kaw, Kay Tee, Travis, Ruth C., Merritt, Melissa A., Gunther, Marc J., Riboli, Elio, Kaaks, Rudolf, Epi Kanker Team 1, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Cancer, MS MDL 1, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 3, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, Ose, Jennifer, Fortner, Renée T., Rinaldi, Sabina, Schock, Helena, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Dossus, Laure, Fournier, Agnes, Baglietto, Laura, Romieu, Isabelle, Kuhn, Elisabetta, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Masala, Giovanna, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Ramon Quiros, Jose, Obõn-Santacana, Mireia, Larrañaga, Nerea, Chirlaque, María Dolores, Sánchez, María José, Barricarte, Aurelio, Peeters, Petra H., Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. B., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Brändstedt, Jenny, Lundin, Eva, Idahl, Annika, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Kaw, Kay Tee, Travis, Ruth C., Merritt, Melissa A., Gunther, Marc J., Riboli, Elio, and Kaaks, Rudolf

Published
2015

157. Investigation of dietary factors and endometrial cancer risk using a nutrient-wide association study approach in the EPIC and nurses' health study (NHS) and NHSII

Author

MS MDL 1, Cancer, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 3, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Epi Kanker Team 1, Merritt, Melissa A., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Tworoger, Shelley S., De Vivo, Immaculata, Hankinson, Susan E., Fernandes, Judy, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Tjønneland, Anne, Petersen, Kristina E N, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Dossus, Laure, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Fortner, Renée T., Kaaks, Rudolf, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bamia, Christina, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. B., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Peeters, Petra H., Gram, Inger T., Skeie, Guri, Quirós, J. Ramón, Duell, Eric J., Sánchez, María José, Salmerón, D., Barricarte, Aurelio, Chamosa, Saioa, Ericson, Ulrica, Sonestedt, Emily, Nilsson, Lena Maria, Idahl, Annika, Khaw, Kay Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Travis, Ruth C., Rinaldi, Sabina, Romieu, Isabelle, Patel, Chirag J., Riboli, Elio, Gunter, Marc J., MS MDL 1, Cancer, Cardiovasculaire Epi Team 3, Circulatory Health, JC onderzoeksprogramma Cardiovasculaire Epidemiologie, JC onderzoeksprogramma Kanker, Epi Kanker Team 1, Merritt, Melissa A., Tzoulaki, Ioanna, Tworoger, Shelley S., De Vivo, Immaculata, Hankinson, Susan E., Fernandes, Judy, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Tjønneland, Anne, Petersen, Kristina E N, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Dossus, Laure, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Fagherazzi, Guy, Fortner, Renée T., Kaaks, Rudolf, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bamia, Christina, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-De-Mesquita, H. B., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Peeters, Petra H., Gram, Inger T., Skeie, Guri, Quirós, J. Ramón, Duell, Eric J., Sánchez, María José, Salmerón, D., Barricarte, Aurelio, Chamosa, Saioa, Ericson, Ulrica, Sonestedt, Emily, Nilsson, Lena Maria, Idahl, Annika, Khaw, Kay Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Travis, Ruth C., Rinaldi, Sabina, Romieu, Isabelle, Patel, Chirag J., Riboli, Elio, and Gunter, Marc J.

Published
2015

158. Active and passive cigarette smoking and breast cancer risk: results from the EPIC cohort

Author

Dossus, Laure, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Kaaks, Rudolf, Gram, Inger T, Vilier, Alice, Fervers, Béatrice, Manjer, Jonas, Tjonneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja Viendahl, Overvad, Kim, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Boeing, Heiner, Steffen, Annika, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Sarantopoulou, Maria, Palli, Domenico, Berrino, Franco, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, van Duijnhoven, Franzel J B, Bakker, Marieke F, Peeters, Petra Hm, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Bjerkaas, Eivind, Braaten, Tonje, Menéndez, Virginia, Agudo, Antonio, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Amiano, Pilar, Tormo, Maria-Jose, Barricarte, Aurelio, Butt, Salma, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Key, Tim J, Travis, Ruth C, Rinaldi, Sabina, McCormack, Valerie, Romieu, Isabelle, Cox, David G, Norat, Teresa, Riboli, Elio, and Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise

Subjects
Cohort Studies, Risk, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Risk Factors, Incidence, Surveys and Questionnaires, Smoking, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Female, Tobacco Smoke Pollution, Prospective Studies
Abstract

Recent cohort studies suggest that increased breast cancer risks were associated with longer smoking duration, higher pack-years and a dose-response relationship with increasing pack-years of smoking between menarche and first full-term pregnancy (FFTP). Studies with comprehensive quantitative life-time measures of passive smoking suggest an association between passive smoking dose and breast cancer risk. We conducted a study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition to examine the association between passive and active smoking and risk of invasive breast cancer and possible effect modification by known breast cancer risk factors. Among the 322,988 women eligible for the study, 9,822 developed breast cancer (183,608 women with passive smoking information including 6,264 cases). When compared to women who never smoked and were not being exposed to passive smoking at home or work at the time of study registration, current, former and currently exposed passive smokers were at increased risk of breast cancer (hazard ratios (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] 1.16 [1.05-1.28], 1.14 [1.04-1.25] and 1.10 [1.01-1.20], respectively). Analyses exploring associations in different periods of life showed the most important increase in risk with pack-years from menarche to FFTP (1.73 [1.29-2.32] for every increase of 20 pack-years) while pack-years smoked after menopause were associated with a significant decrease in breast cancer risk (HR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34-0.82 for every increase of 20 pack-years). Our results provide an important replication, in the largest cohort to date, that smoking (passively or actively) increases breast cancer risk and that smoking between menarche and FFTP is particularly deleterious.

Published
2012

159. Coffee and tea consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer: a prospective cohort study and updated meta-analysis

Author

Braem, Marieke G. M. Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte Schouten, Leo J. and Tjonneland, Anne Hansen, Louise Dahm, Christina C. and Overvad, Kim Lukanova, Annekatrin Dossus, Laure Floegel, Anna Boeing, Heiner Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise and Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie Fagherazzi, Guy Trichopoulou, Antonia and Benetou, Vassiliki Goufa, Ioulia Pala, Valeria Galasso, Rocco Mattiello, Amalia Sacerdote, Carlotta Palli, Domenico and Tumino, Rosario Gram, Inger T. Lund, Eiliv Gavrilyuk, Oxana Sanchez, Maria-Jose Quiros, Ramon Gonzales, Carlos A. and Dorronsoro, Miren Huerta Castano, Jose M. Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio Idahl, Annika Ohlson, Nina Lundin, Eva Jirstrom, Karin Witfalt, Elisabet Allen, Naomi E. Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. Kaw, Kay-Tee Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Dik, Vincent K. Rinaldi, Sabina Fedirko, Veronika Norat, Teresa and Riboli, Elio Kaaks, Rudolf Peeters, Petra H. M.

Abstract

Background: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund Report concluded that there was limited and inconsistent evidence for an effect of coffee and tea consumption on the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Objective: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we aimed to investigate whether coffee intakes, tea intakes, or both are associated with the risk of EOC. Design: All women participating in the EPIC (n = 330,849) were included in this study. Data on coffee and tea consumption were collected through validated food-frequency questionnaires at baseline. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models. Furthermore, we performed an updated meta-analysis of all previous prospective studies until April 2011 by comparing the highest and lowest coffee- and tea-consumption categories as well as by using dose-response random-effects meta-regression analyses. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.7 y, 1244 women developed EOC. No association was observed between the risk of EOC and coffee consumption [HR: 1.05 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.46) for the top quintile compared with no intake] or tea consumption [HR: 1.07 (95% Cl: 0.78, 1.45) for the top quintile compared with no intake]. This lack of association between coffee and tea intake and EOC risk was confirmed by the results of our meta-analysis. Conclusion: Epidemiologic studies do not provide sufficient evidence to support an association between coffee and tea consumption and risk of ovarian cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:1172-81.

Published
2012

160. Cigarette smoking and risk of histological subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer in the EPIC cohort study

Author

Gram, Inger T. Lukanova, Annekatrin Brill, Ilene Braaten, Tonje Lund, Eiliv Lundin, Eva Overvad, Kim Tjonneland, Anne Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie and Bamia, Christina Trichopoulou, Antonia Zylis, Dimosthenis and Masala, Giovanna Berrino, Franco Galasso, Rocco Tumino, Rosario Sacerdote, Carlotta Gavrilyuk, Oxana Kristiansen, Steinar Rodriguez, Laudina Bonet, Catalina Maria Huerta, Jose Barricarte, Aurelio Sanchez, Maria-Jose Dorronsoro, Miren Jirstrom, Karin Almquist, Martin Idahl, Annika and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Braem, Marie Onland-Moret, Charlotte and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. Allen, Naomi E. Fedirko, Veronika and Riboli, E. Kaaks, Rudolf

Abstract

New data regarding a positive association between smoking and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), especially the mucinous tumor type, has started to emerge. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between different measures of smoking exposures and subtypes of EOC in a large cohort of women from 10 European countries. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort is a multicenter prospective study initiated in 1992. The questionnaires included data about dietary, lifestyle, and health factors. Information about cigarette smoking was collected from individuals in all participating countries. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate hazard ratio (HR) of EOC overall and serous, mucinous, and endometroid histological subtypes, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with different measures of smoking exposures adjusting for confounding variables. Altogether 836 incident EOC cases were identified among 326,831 women. The tumors were classified as 400 serous, 83 mucinous, 80 endometroid, 35 clear cell, and 238 unspecified. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a significantly increased risk for mucinous tumors [HR = 1.85 (95% CI 1.083.16)] and those smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day had a doubling in risk [HR = 2.25(95% CI 1.264.03)] as did those who had smoked less than 15 pack-years of cigarettes [HR = 2.18 (95% CI 1.074.43)]. The results from the EPIC study add further evidence that smoking increases risk of mucinous ovarian cancer and support the notion that the effect of smoking varies according to histological subtype.

Published
2012

161. Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of aggressive and non-aggressive urothelial cell carcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Ros, Martine M. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Kampman, Ellen and Buchner, Frederike L. Aben, Katja K. H. Egevad, Lars and Overvad, Kim Tjonneland, Anne Roswall, Nina Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine Morois, Sophie and Kaaks, Rudolf Teucher, Birgit Weikert, Steffen von Ruesten, Anne Trichopoulou, Antonia Naska, Androniki Benetou, Vassiliki Saieva, Calogero Pala, Valeria Ricceri, Fulvio and Tumino, Rosario Mattiello, Amalia Peeters, Petra H. M. van Gils, Carla H. Gram, Inger T. Engeset, Dagrun Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores Ardanazx, Eva Rodriguez, Laudina Amanio, Pilar and Gonzalez, Carlos A. Jose Sanchez, Maria Ulmert, David and Ernstrom, Roy Ljungberg, Borje Allen, Naomi E. Key, Timothy J. Khaw, Kee-Tee Wareham, Nick Slimani, Nadia Romieu, Isabelle Kiemeney, Lambertus A. Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Background: Many epidemiological studies have examined fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to the risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the bladder, but results are inconsistent. The association between fruit and vegetable consumption and UCC risk may vary by bladder tumour aggressiveness. Therefore, we examined the relation between fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of aggressive and non-aggressive UCC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: After 8.9 years of follow-up, 947 UCC were diagnosed among 468,656 EPIC participants. Of these, 421 could be classified as aggressive UCC and 433 as non-aggressive UCC cases. At recruitment, fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed by validated dietary questionnaires. Multivariable hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression stratified by age, sex and center and adjusted for smoking status, duration and intensity of smoking, and energy intake. Results: Total consumption of fruits and vegetables was not associated with aggressive UCC nor with non-aggressive UCC. A 25 g/day increase in leafy vegetables and grapes consumption was associated with a reduced risk of non-aggressive UCC (hazard ratio (HR) 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.00 and HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98, respectively), while the intake of root vegetables was inversely associated with risk of aggressive UCC (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98). Conclusion: Our study did not confirm a protective effect of total fruit and/or vegetable consumption on aggressive or non-aggressive UCC. High consumption of certain types of vegetables and of fruits may reduce the risk of aggressive or non-aggressive UCC; however chance findings cannot be excluded. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Published
2012

162. Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study

Author

Agudo, Antonio Bonet, Catalina Travier, Noemie Gonzalez, Carlos A. Vineis, Paolo Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas and Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Boffetta, Paolo Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Kaaks, Rudolf and Lukanova, Annekatrin Schuetze, Madlen Boeing, Heiner and Tjonneland, Anne Halkjaer, Jytte Overvad, Kim Dahm, Christina C. Ramon Quiros, J. Sanchez, Maria-Jose Larranaga, Nerea Navarro, Carmen Ardanaz, Eva Khaw, Kay-Tee and Wareham, Nicholas J. Key, Timothy J. Allen, Naomi E. and Trichopoulou, Antonia Lagiou, Pagona Palli, Domenico Sieri, Sabina Tumino, Rosario Panico, Salvatore Boshuizen, Hendriek and Buchner, Frederike L. Peeters, Petra H. M. Borgquist, Signe and Almquist, Martin Hallmans, Goran Johansson, Ingegerd and Gram, Inger T. Lund, Eiliv Weiderpass, Elisabete Romieu, Isabelle Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Purpose Our aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC). Methods The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AF(p)), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country. Results The proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AF(p) were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC. Conclusion Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AF(p) estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark). J Clin Oncol 30:4550-4557. (C) 2012 by American Society of Clinical Oncology

Published
2012

163. Plasma carotenoids and vitamin C concentrations and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Ros, Martine M. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Kampman, Ellen and Aben, Katja K. H. Buechner, Frederike L. Jansen, Eugene H. J. M. and van Gils, Carla H. Egevad, Lars Overvad, Kim Tjonneland, Anne Roswall, Nina Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine Kvaskoff, Marina Perquier, Florence Kaaks, Rudolf Chang-Claude, Jenny and Weikert, Steffen Boeing, Heiner Trichopoulou, Antonia and Lagiou, Pagona Dilis, Vardis Palli, Domenico Pala, Valeria and Sacerdote, Carlotta Tumino, Rosario Panico, Salvatore and Peeters, Petra H. M. Gram, Inger T. Skeie, Guri Huerta, Jose Maria Barricarte, Aurelio Quiros, Jose Ramon Sanchez, Maria Jose Buckland, Genevieve Larranaga, Nerea Ehrnstroem, Roy and Wallstroem, Peter Jungberg, Boerje L. Hallmans, Goeran and Key, Timothy J. Allen, Naomi E. Khaw, Kay-Tee Wareham, Nick and Brennan, Paul Riboli, Elio Kiemeney, Lambertus A.

Abstract

Background: Published associations between dietary carotenoids and vitamin C and bladder cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more accurate measures of nutrient status. Objective: We investigated the association between plasma carotenoids and vitamin C and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Design: A total of 856 patients with newly diagnosed UCC were matched with 856 cohort members by sex, age at baseline, study center, date and time of blood collection, and fasting status. Plasma carotenoids (alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin) were measured by using reverse-phase HPLC, and plasma vitamin C was measured by using a colorimetric assay. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for smoking status, duration, and intensity. Results: UCC risk decreased with higher concentrations of the sum of plasma carotenoids (IRR for the highest compared with the lowest quartile: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.93; P-trend = 0.04). Plasma beta-carotene was inversely associated with aggressive UCC (IRR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.88; P-trend = 0.02). Plasma lutein was inversely associated with risk of nonaggressive UCC (IRR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.98; P-trend = 0.05). No association was observed between plasma vitamin C and risk of UCC. Conclusions: Although residual confounding by smoking or other factors cannot be excluded, higher concentrations of plasma carotenoids may reduce risk of UCC, in particular aggressive UCC. Plasma lutein may reduce risk of nonaggressive UCC. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;96:902-10.

Published
2012

164. Cigarette Smoking and Colorectal Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition Study

Author

Leufkens, Anke M. Van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B. Siersema, Peter D. Boshuizen, Hendriek C. Vrieling, Alina Agudo, Antonio and Gram, Inger T. Weiderpass, Elisabete Dahm, Christina and Overvad, Kim Tjonneland, Anne Olsen, Anja Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Morois, Sophie and Palli, Domenico Grioni, Sara Tumino, Rosario Sacerdote, Charlotta Mattiello, Amalia Herman, Silke Kaaks, Rudolf and Steffen, Annika Boeing, Heiner Trichopoulou, Antonia Lagiou, Pagona Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Peeters, Petra H. van Gils, Carla H. van Kranen, Henk Lund, Eliv Dumeaux, Vanessa and Engeset, Dagrun Rodriguez, Laudina Sanchez, Maria-Jose and Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores Barricarte, Aurelio Manjer, Jonas and Almquist, Martin van Guelpen, Bethany Hallmans, Goran Khaw, Kay-Tee Wareham, Nick Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. Straif, Kurt and Leon-Roux, Maria Vineis, Paul Norat, Teresa Riboli, Elio and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas

Subjects
digestive system diseases
Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: There has been consistent evidence for a relationship between smoking and colorectal cancer (CRC), although it is not clear whether the colon or rectum is more sensitive to the effects of smoking. We investigated the relationships between cigarette smoking and risk of CRC and tumor location. METHODS: We analyzed data from 465,879 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study; 2741 developed CRC during the follow-up period (mean, 8.7 years). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: The risk of colon carcinoma was increased among ever smokers (HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.06-1.32) and former cigarette smokers (HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.08-1.36), compared with never smokers; the increased risk for current smokers was of borderline significance (HR, 1.13; 95% Cl, 0.98-1.31). When stratified for tumor location, the risk of proximal colon cancer was increased for former (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.04-1.50) and current smokers (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.06-1.64), but the risks for cancers in the distal colon or rectum were not. Subsite analyses showed a nonsignificant difference between the proximal and distal colon (P=.45) for former smokers and a significant difference for current smokers (P=.02). For smokers who had stopped smoking for at least 20 years, the risk of developing colon cancer was similar to that of never smokers. CONCLUSIONS: Ever smokers have an increased risk of colon cancer, which appeared to be more pronounced in the proximal than the distal colon location.

Published
2011

165. Menopausal hormone therapy and risk of ovarian cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. Allen, Naomi E. Key, Timothy J. and Dossus, Laure Kaaks, Rudolf Bakken, Kjersti Lund, Eiliv and Fournier, Agnes Dahm, Christina C. Overvad, Kim Hansen, Louise Tjonneland, Anne Rinaldi, Sabina Romieu, Isabelle and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise and Lukanova, Annekatrin Boeing, Heiner Schuetze, Madlen and Benetou, Vassiliki Palli, Domenico Berrino, Franco Galasso, Rocco Tumino, Rosario Sacerdote, Carlotta Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B. Braem, Marieke G. M. and Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte Gram, Inger T. Rodriguez, Laudina and Duell, Eric J. Sanchez, Maria-Jos Huerta, Jose Maria and Ardanaz, Eva Amiano, Pilar Khaw, Kay-Tee Wareham, Nick and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

The association between menopausal hormone therapy (HT) and risk of ovarian cancer was assessed among 126,920 post-menopausal women recruited into the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. After an average of 9-year follow-up, 424 incident ovarian cancers were diagnosed. Cox models adjusted for body mass index, smoking status, unilateral ovariectomy, simple hysterectomy, age at menarche, number of full-term pregnancies, and duration of oral contraceptives were used. Compared with baseline never use, current use of any HT was positively associated with risk (HR [hazard ratio], 1.29; 95% CI [confidence interval], 1.01-1.65), while former use was not (HR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.70-1.30). Current estrogen-only HT was associated with a 63% higher risk (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.08-2.47), while current estrogen plus progestin was associated with a smaller and non-significant higher risk (HR, 1.20; 95% CI, 0.89-1.62). Use of tibolone was associated with a twofold greater risk (HR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.06-4.50), but was based on small numbers. In conclusion, women who currently use HT have a moderate increased risk of ovarian cancer, and which may be stronger for estrogen-only than estrogen plus progestin preparations.

Published
2011

166. A cross-sectional analysis of the associations between adult height, BMI and serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGFBP-1-2 and-3 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Crowe, Francesca L. Key, Timothy J. Allen, Naomi E. Appleby, Paul N. Overvad, Kim Gronbaek, Henning Tjonneland, Anne and Halkjaer, Jytte Dossus, Laure Boeing, Heiner Kroeger, Janine and Trichopoulou, Antonia Zylis, Dimosthenis Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Palli, Domenico Berrino, Franco Panico, Salvatore Tumino, Rosario Sacerdote, Carlotta and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas van Gils, Carla H. Peeters, Petra H. M. Gram, Inger T. Rodriguez, Laudina Jakszyn, Paula and Molina-Montes, Esther Navarro, Carmen Barricarte, Aurelio and Larranaga, Nerea Khaw, Kay-Tee Rodwell, Sheila Rinaldi, Sabina Slimani, Nadia Norat, Teresa Gallo, Valentina and Riboli, Elio Kaaks, Rudolf

Abstract

Background: Height and BMI are risk factors for several types of cancer and may be related to circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), a peptide associated with increased cancer risk. Aim: To assess the associations between height, BMI and serum concentrations of IGF-I and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-1, -2 and -3. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional analysis included 1142 men and 3589 women aged 32-77 years from the multi-centre study, the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Results: In men, there was a positive association between height and IGF-I; each 10 cm increment in height was associated with an increase in IGF-I concentrations of 4.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-7.5%, p for trend = 0.005), but this association was not statistically significant for women (0.9%, 95% CI: -0.7 to 2.6%, p for trend = 0.264). In both men and women, the association between IGF-I and BMI was non-linear and those with a BMI of 26-27 kg/m(2) had the highest IGF-I concentration. BMI was strongly inversely related to concentrations of IGFBP-1 and IGFBP-2 in men and in women (p for trend for all < 0.001). Conclusion: Height and BMI are associated with IGF-I and its binding proteins, which may be mechanisms through which body size contributes to increased risk of several cancers.

Published
2011

167. Fluid intake and the risk of urothelial cell carcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Ros, Martine M. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B. Bas Buchner, Frederike L. Aben, Katja K. H. Kampman, Ellen Egevad, Lars and Overvad, Kim Tjonneland, Anne Roswall, Nina Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Kaaks, Rudolf Chang-Claude, Jenny Boeing, Heiner and Weikert, Steffen Trichopoulou, Antonia Orfanos, Philippos and Stasinopulou, Georgia Saieva, Calogero Krogh, Vittorio and Vineis, Paolo Tumino, Rosario Mattiello, Amalia Peeters, Petra H. M. van Duijnhoven, Franzel J. B. Lund, Eiliv Gram, Inger T. Chirlaque, Maria D. Barricarte, Aurelio Rodriguez, Laudina Molina, Esther Gonzalez, Carlos Dorronsoro, Miren and Manjer, Jonas Ehrnstrom, Roy Ljungberg, Borje Allen, Naomi E. Roddam, Andrew W. Khaw, Kay-Tee Wareham, Nick and Boffetta, Paolo Slimani, Nadia Michaud, Dominique S. and Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M. Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Results from previous studies investigating the association between fluid intake and urothelial cell carcinomas (UCC) are inconsistent. We evaluated this association among 233,236 subjects in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), who had adequate baseline information on water and total fluid intake. During a mean follow-up of 9.3 years, 513 first primary UCC occurred. At recruitment, habitual fluid intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression stratified by age, sex and center and adjusted for energy intake, smoking status, duration of smoking and lifetime intensity of smoking. When using the lowest tertile of intake as reference, total fluid intake was not associated with risk of all UCC (HR 1.12; 95% CI 0.86-1.45, p-trend = 0.42) or with risk of prognostically high-risk UCC (HR 1.28; 95% CI 0.85-1.93, p-trend = 0.27) or prognostically low-risk UCC (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.65-1.33, p-trend = 0.74). No associations were observed between risk of UCC and intake of water, coffee, tea and herbal tea and milk and other dairy beverages. For prognostically low-risk UCC suggestions of an inverse association with alcoholic beverages and of a positive association with soft drinks were seen. Increased risks were found for all UCC and prognostically low-risk UCC with higher intake of fruit and vegetable juices. In conclusion, total usual fluid intake is not associated with UCC risk in EPIC. The relationships observed for some fluids may be due to chance, but further investigation of the role of all types of fluid is warranted.

Published
2011

169. Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer by Tumor Subtypes: The EPIC Cohort

Author

Ose, Jennifer, primary, Schock, Helena, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Hansen, Louise, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Dossus, Laure, additional, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, additional, Baglietto, Laura, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Trichopolou, Antonia, additional, Benetou, Vassiliki, additional, Lagiou, Pagona, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Tagliabue, Giovanna, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. B(as)., additional, Peeters, Petra H. M., additional, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Sánchez, Soledad, additional, Obon-Santacana, Mireia, additional, Sànchez-Pérez, Maria-José, additional, Larrañaga, Nerea, additional, Castaño, José María Huerta, additional, Ardanaz, Eva, additional, Brändstedt, Jenny, additional, Lundin, Eva, additional, Idahl, Annika, additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Khaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Rinaldi, Sabina, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Merritt, Melissa A., additional, Gunter, Marc J., additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, and Fortner, Renée T., additional

Published
2015
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170. An epidemiological model for prediction of endometrial cancer risk in Europe

Author

Hüsing, Anika, primary, Dossus, Laure, additional, Ferrari, Pietro, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Hansen, Louise, additional, Fagherazzi, Guy, additional, Baglietto, Laura, additional, Schock, Helena, additional, Chang-Claude, Jenny, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Steffen, Annika, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Bamia, Christina, additional, Katsoulis, Michalis, additional, Krogh, Vittorio, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Panico, Salvatore, additional, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, additional, Peeters, Petra H., additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Ardanaz, Eva, additional, Obón-Santacana, Mireia, additional, Navarro, Carmen, additional, Sánchez-Cantalejo, Emilio, additional, Etxezarreta, Nerea, additional, Allen, Naomi E., additional, Khaw, Kay Tee, additional, Wareham, Nick, additional, Rinaldi, Sabina, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Merritt, Melissa A., additional, Gunter, Marc, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Kaaks, Rudolf, additional

Published
2015
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171. Investigation of Dietary Factors and Endometrial Cancer Risk Using a Nutrient-wide Association Study Approach in the EPIC and Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and NHSII

Author

Merritt, Melissa A., primary, Tzoulaki, Ioanna, additional, Tworoger, Shelley S., additional, De Vivo, Immaculata, additional, Hankinson, Susan E., additional, Fernandes, Judy, additional, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Petersen, Kristina E.N., additional, Dahm, Christina C., additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Dossus, Laure, additional, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, additional, Fagherazzi, Guy, additional, Fortner, Renée T., additional, Kaaks, Rudolf, additional, Aleksandrova, Krasimira, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Bamia, Christina, additional, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Grioni, Sara, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B(as)., additional, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, additional, Peeters, Petra H., additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Quirós, J. Ramón, additional, Duell, Eric J., additional, Sánchez, María-José, additional, Salmerón, D., additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Chamosa, Saioa, additional, Ericson, Ulrica, additional, Sonestedt, Emily, additional, Nilsson, Lena Maria, additional, Idahl, Annika, additional, Khaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Wareham, Nicholas, additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Rinaldi, Sabina, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Patel, Chirag J., additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Gunter, Marc J., additional

Published
2015
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172. Dietary Intake of Acrylamide and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Cohort

Author

Obón-Santacana, Mireia, primary, Peeters, Petra H.M., additional, Freisling, Heinz, additional, Dossus, Laure, additional, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, additional, Baglietto, Laura, additional, Schock, Helena, additional, Fortner, Renée T., additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Tjønneland, Anne, additional, Olsen, Anja, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Menéndez, Virginia, additional, Sanchez, Maria-José, additional, Larrañaga, Nerea, additional, Huerta Castaño, José María, additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Khaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Wareham, Nick, additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Merritt, Melissa A., additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Orfanos, Philippos, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Sieri, Sabina, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Vineis, Paolo, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H.B., additional, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, additional, Wirfält, Elisabeth, additional, Stocks, Tanja, additional, Idahl, Annika, additional, Lundin, Eva, additional, Skeie, Guri, additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Duell, Eric J., additional

Published
2015
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173. Variety in Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and the Risk of Lung Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Buchner, Frederike L. Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Ros, Martine M. and Overvad, Kim Dahm, Christina C. Hansen, Louise and Tjonneland, Anne Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Touillaud, Marina Kaaks, Rudolf Rohrmann, Sabine Boeing, Heiner Noethlings, Ute Trichopoulou, Antonia and Zylis, Dimosthenis Dilis, Vardis Palli, Domenico Sieri, Sabina Vineis, Paolo Tumino, Rosario Panico, Salvatore and Peeters, Petra H. M. van Gils, Carla H. Lund, Eiliv Gram, Inger T. Braaten, Tonje Sanchez, Maria-Jose Agudo, Antonio and Larranaga, Nerea Ardanaz, Eva Navarro, Carmen and Argueelles, Marcial V. Manjer, Jonas Wirfalt, Elisabet and Hallmans, Goeran Rasmuson, Torgny Key, Tim J. Khaw, Kay-Tee and Wareham, Nick Silimani, Nadia Vergnaud, Anne-Claire Xun, Wei W. Kiemeney, Lambertus A. L. M. Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Background: We investigated whether a varied consumption of vegetables and fruits is associated with lower lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. Methods: After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,613 of 452,187 participants with complete information were diagnosed with lung cancer. Diet diversity scores (DDS) were used to quantify the variety in fruit and vegetable consumption. Multivariable proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between DDS and lung cancer risk. All models were adjusted for smoking behavior and the total consumption of fruit and vegetables. Results: With increasing variety in vegetable subgroups, risk of lung cancer decreases [hazard ratios (HR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64-0.94 highest versus lowest quartile; P trend = 0.02]. This inverse association is restricted to current smokers (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.93 highest versus lowest quartile; P trend = 0.03). In continuous analyses, in current smokers, lower risks were observed for squamous cell carcinomas with more variety in fruit and vegetable products combined (HR/two products, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.95), vegetable subgroups (HR/subgroup, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.97), vegetable products (HR/two products, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.96), and fruit products (HR/two products, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97). Conclusion: Variety in vegetable consumption was inversely associated with lung cancer risk among current smokers. Risk of squamous cell carcinomas was reduced with increasing variety in fruit and/or vegetable consumption, which was mainly driven by the effect in current smokers. Impact: Independent from quantity of consumption, variety in fruit and vegetable consumption may decrease lung cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(9); 2278-86. (C) 2010 AACR.

Published
2010

174. Reproductive Factors and Exogenous Hormone Use in Relation to Risk of Glioma and Meningioma in a Large European Cohort Study

Author

Michaud, Dominique S. Gallo, Valentina Schlehofer, Brigitte and Tjonneland, Anne Olsen, Anja Overvad, Kim Dahm, Christina C. and Kaaks, Rudolf Lukanova, Annekatrin Boeing, Heiner and Schuetze, Madlen Trichopoulou, Antonia Bamia, Christina and Kyrozis, Andreas Sacerdote, Carlotta Agnoli, Claudia Palli, Domenico Tumino, Rosario Mattiello, Amalia and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Ros, Martine M. Peeters, Petra H. M. and van Gils, Carla H. Lund, Eiliv Bakken, Kjersti Gram, Inger T. Barricarte, Aurelio Navarro, Carmen Dorronsoro, Miren Jose Sanchez, Maria Rodriguez, Laudina Duell, Eric J. and Hallmans, Goran Melin, Beatrice S. Manjer, Jonas and Borgquist, Signe Khaw, Kay-Tee Wareham, Nick Allen, Naomi E. and Tsilidis, Konstantinos K. Romieu, Isabelle Rinaldi, Sabina and Vineis, Paolo Riboli, Elio

Subjects
neoplasms, nervous system diseases
Abstract

Background: The etiologies of glioma and meningioma tumors are largely unknown. Although reproductive hormones are thought to influence the risk of these tumors, epidemiologic data are not supportive of this hypothesis; however, few cohort studies have published on this topic. We examined the relation between reproductive factors and the risk of glioma and meningioma among women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: After a mean of 8.4 years of follow-up, 193 glioma and 194 meningioma cases were identified among 276,212 women. Information on reproductive factors and hormone use was collected at baseline. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: No associations were observed between glioma or meningioma risk and reproductive factors, including age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, menopausal status, and age at menopause. A higher risk of meningioma was observed among postmenopausal women who were current users of hormone replacement therapy (HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.18-2.71) compared with never users. Similarly, current users of oral contraceptives were at higher risk of meningioma than never users (HR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.75-7.46). Conclusion: Our results do not support a role for estrogens and glioma risk. Use of exogenous hormones, especially current use, seems to increase meningioma risk. However, these findings could be due to diagnostic bias and require confirmation. Impact: Elucidating the role of hormones in brain tumor development has important implications and needs to be further examined using biological measurements. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 19(10); 2562-9. (C) 2010 AACR.

Published
2010

175. Cigarette smoking, environmental tobacco smoke exposure and pancreatic cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Vrieling, Alina Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Boshuizen, Hendriek C. and Michaud, Dominique S. Severinsen, Marianne T. Overvad, Kim and Olsen, Anja Tjonneland, Anne Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise and Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine Kaaks, Rudolf Rohrmann, Sabine and Boeing, Heiner Noethlings, Ute Trichopoulou, Antonia and Moutsiou, Eftihia Dilis, Vardis Palli, Domenico Krogh, Vittorio Panico, Salvatore Tumino, Rosario Vineis, Paolo and van Gils, Carla H. Peeters, Petra H. M. Lund, Eiliv Gram, Inger T. Rodriguez, Laudina Agudo, Antonio Larranaga, Nerea and Sanchez, Maria-Jose Navarro, Carmen Barricarte, Aurelio and Manjer, Jonas Lindkvist, Bjorn Sund, Malin Ye, Weimin and Bingham, Sheila Khaw, Kay-Tee Roddam, Andrew Key, Tim and Boffetta, Paolo Duell, Eric J. Jenab, Mazda Gallo, Valentina and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is an established risk factor for pancreatic cancer. However, prospective data for most European countries are lacking, and epidemiologic studies on exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in relation to pancreatic cancer risk are scarce. We examined the association of cigarette smoking and exposure to ETS with pancreatic cancer risk within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). This analysis was based on 465,910 participants, including 524 first incident pancreatic cancer cases diagnosed after a median follow-up of 8.9 years. Estimates of risk were obtained by Cox proportional hazard models and adjusted for weight, height, and history of diabetes mellitus. An increased risk of pancreatic cancer was found for current cigarette smokers compared with never smokers (HR = 1.71, 95% Cl = 1.36 2.15), and risk increased with greater intensity and pack-years. Former cigarette smokers who quit for less than 5 years were at increased risk of pancreatic cancer (HR = 1.78, 95% Cl = 1.23-2.56), but risk was comparable to never smokers after quitting for 5 years or more. Pancreatic cancer risk was increased among never smokers daily exposed to ETS (for many hours) during childhood (HR = 2.61, 95% Cl = 0.96-7.10) and exposed to ETS at home and/or work (HR = 1.54, 95% Cl = 1.00-2.39). These results suggest that both active cigarette smoking, as well as exposure to ETS, is associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer and that risk is reduced to levels of never smokers within 5 years of quitting.

Published
2010

176. The Association between Diet and Serum Concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Crowe, Francesca L. Key, Timothy J. Allen, Naomi E. Appleby, Paul N. Roddam, Andrew Overvad, Kim Gronbaek, Henning and Tjonneland, Anne Halkjaer, Jutte Dossus, Laure Boeing, Heiner Kroeger, Janine Trichopoulou, Antonia Dilis, Vardis and Trichopoulos, Dimitrios Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine De Lauzon, Blandine Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise Palli, Domenico and Berrino, Franco Panico, Salvatore Tumino, Rosario Sacerdote, Carlotta Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas Vrieling, Alina van Gils, Carla H. Peeters, Petra H. M. Gram, Inger T. Skeie, Guri and Lund, Eiliv Rodriguez, Laudina Jakszyn, Paula Molina-Montes, Esther Tormo, Maria J. Barricarte, Aurelio Larranaga, Nerea and Khaw, Kay-Tee Bingham, Sheila Rinaldi, Sabina Slimani, Nadia Norat, Teresa Gallo, Valentina Riboli, Elio Kaaks, Rudolf

Abstract

Circulating concentrations of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and IGF binding proteins (IGFBP) have been associated with the risk of several types of cancer. Dietary correlates of IGF-I and IGFBPs are not yet well established. The objective of this study was to assess the association between dietary intake and serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2, and IGFBP-3 in a cross-sectional analysis of 4,731 men and women taking part in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Diet was assessed using country-specific validated dietary questionnaires. Serum concentrations of IGF-I, IGFBP-1, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 were measured, and the associations between diet and IGF-I and IGFBPs were assessed using multiple linear regression adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, and alcohol and energy intake. Each I SD increment increase in total and dairy protein and calcium intake was associated with an increase in IGF-I concentration of 2.5%, 2.4%, and 3.3%, respectively (P for trend

Published
2009

177. The Role of Smoking and Diet in Explaining Educational Inequalities in Lung Cancer Incidence

Author

Menvielle, Gwenn Boshuizen, Hendriek Kunst, Anton E. Dalton, Susanne O. Vineis, Paolo Bergmann, Manuela M. Hermann, Silke and Ferrari, Pietro Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole Tjonneland, Anne and Kaaks, Rudolf Linseisen, Jakob Kosti, Maria Trichopoulou, Antonia Dilis, Vardis Palli, Domenico Krogh, Vittorio and Panico, Salvatore Tumino, Rosario Buchner, Frederike L. van Gils, Carla H. Peeters, Petra H. M. Braaten, Tonje Gram, Inger T. Lund, Eiliv Rodriguez, Laudina Agudo, Antonio and Sanchez, Maria-Jose Tormo, Maria-Jose Ardanaz, Eva Manjer, Jonas Wirfalt, Elisabet Hallmans, Goran Rasmuson, Torgny and Bingham, Sheila Khaw, Kay-Tee Allen, Naomi Key, Tim and Boffetta, Paolo Duell, Eric J. Slimani, Nadia Gallo, Valentina Riboli, Elio Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas

Abstract

Studies in many countries have reported higher lung cancer incidence and mortality in individuals with lower socioeconomic status. To investigate the role of smoking in these inequalities, we used data from 391 251 participants in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study, a cohort of individuals in 10 European countries. We collected information on smoking (history and quantity), fruit and vegetable consumption, and education through questionnaires at study entry and gathered data on lung cancer incidence for a mean of 8.4 years. Socioeconomic status was defined as the highest attained level of education, and participants were grouped by sex and region of residence (Northern Europe, Germany, or Southern Europe). Relative indices of inequality (RIIs) of lung cancer risk unadjusted and adjusted for smoking were estimated using Cox regression models. Additional analyses were performed by histological type. During the study period, 939 men and 692 women developed lung cancer. Inequalities in lung cancer risk (RIImen = 3.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.77 to 4.73, 117 vs 52 per 100 000 person-years for lowest vs highest education level; RIIwomen = 2.39, 95% CI = 1.77 to 3.21, 46 vs 25 per 100 000 person-years) decreased after adjustment for smoking but remained statistically significant (RIImen = 2.29, 95% CI = 1.75 to 3.01; RIIwomen = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.18 to 2.13). Large RIIs were observed among men and women in Northern European countries and among men in Germany, but inequalities in lung cancer risk were reverse (RIIs < 1) among women in Southern European countries. Inequalities differed by histological type. Adjustment for smoking reduced inequalities similarly for all histological types and among men and women in all regions. In all analysis, further adjustment for fruit and vegetable consumption did not change the estimates. Self-reported smoking consistently explains approximately 50% of the inequalities in lung cancer risk due to differences in education.

Published
2009

178. Risk of endometrial cancer in relationship to cigarette smoking: results from the EPIC study

Author

Mustafa Al-Zoughool, Laure Dossus, Rudolf Kaaks, Francoise Clavel-Chapelon, Anja Viendahl Olsen, Kim Overvad, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Estelle Gauthier, Jakob Linseisen, Jenny Chang-Claude, Heiner Boeing, Mandy Schulz, Antonia Trichopoulou, Travezea Chryssa, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Franco Berrino, Domenico Palli, Amalia Mattiello, Rosario Tumino, Carlotta Sacerdote, Bas Bueno-De-Mesquita, H., Boshuizen, Hendriek C., Peeters, Petra H. M., Gram, Inger T., Tonje Braaten, Eiliv Lund, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, Eva Ardanaz, Antonio Agudo, Nerea Larrañaga, Jose Ramon Quirós, Göran Hallmans, Kay-Tee Khaw, Sheila Bingham, Naomi Allen, Tim Key, Mazda Jenab, Cust, Anne E., Sabina Rinaldi, and Elio Riboli

Published
2007

179. Pooled analysis of active cigarette smoking and invasive breast cancer risk in 14 cohort studies.

Author

Gaudet, Mia M., Carter, Brian D., Brinton, Louise A., Falk, Roni T., Gram, Inger T., Luo, Juhua, Milne, Roger L., Nyante, Sarah J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, Beane Freeman, Laura E., Sandler, Dale P., Robien, Kim, Anderson, Kristin E., Giles, Graham G., Chen, Wendy Y., Feskanich, Diane, Braaten, Tonje, Isaacs, Claudine, Butler, Lesley M., and Koh, Woon-Puay

Subjects
PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of tobacco, PRENATAL tobacco exposure, BREAST cancer diagnosis, PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of alcohol, MENOPAUSE
Abstract

Background: The 2014 US Surgeon General's report noted research gaps necessary to determine a causal relationship between active cigarette smoking and invasive breast cancer risk, including the role of alcohol consumption, timing of exposure, modification by menopausal status and heterogeneity by oestrogen receptor (ER) status.Methods: To address these issues, we pooled data from 14 cohort studies contributing 934 681 participants (36 060 invasive breast cancer cases). Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to calculate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Results: Smoking duration before first birth was positively associated with risk ( P -value for trend = 2 × 10 -7 ) with the highest HR for initiation >10 years before first birth (HR = 1.18, CI 1.12-1.24). Effect modification by current alcohol consumption was evident for the association with smoking duration before first birth ( P -value=2×10 -4 ); compared with never-smoking non-drinkers, initiation >10 years before first birth was associated with risk in every category of alcohol intake, including non-drinkers (HR = 1.15, CI 1.04-1.28) and those who consumed at least three drinks per day (1.85, 1.55-2.21). Associations with smoking before first birth were limited to risk of ER+ breast cancer ( P -value for homogeneity=3×10 -3 ). Other smoking timing and duration characteristics were associated with risk even after controlling for alcohol, but were not associated with risk in non-drinkers. Effect modification by menopause was not evident.Conclusions: Smoking, particularly if initiated before first birth, was modestly associated with ER+ breast cancer risk that was not confounded by amount of adult alcohol intake. Possible links with breast cancer provide additional motivation for young women to not initiate smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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180. Abstract 2917: The association of smoking before first childbirth with breast cancer risk is independent from alcohol use and does not seem to differ across ethnic groups: the multiethnic cohort study

Author

Gram, Inger T., primary, Park, Song-Yi, additional, Little, Melissa A., additional, Kolonel, Laurence N., additional, Maskarinec, Gertraud, additional, Wilkens, Lynne R., additional, Hendereson, Brian E., additional, and Marchand, Loic L., additional

Published
2014
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182. Endogenous androgens and risk of epithelial invasive ovarian cancer by tumor characteristics in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Ose, Jennifer, primary, Fortner, Renée T., additional, Rinaldi, Sabina, additional, Schock, Helena, additional, Overvad, Kim, additional, Tjonneland, Anne, additional, Hansen, Louise, additional, Dossus, Laure, additional, Fournier, Agnes, additional, Baglietto, Laura, additional, Romieu, Isabelle, additional, Kuhn, Elisabetta, additional, Boeing, Heiner, additional, Trichopoulou, Antonia, additional, Lagiou, Pagona, additional, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, additional, Palli, Domenico, additional, Masala, Giovanna, additional, Sieri, Sabina, additional, Tumino, Rosario, additional, Sacerdote, Carlotta, additional, Mattiello, Amalia, additional, Ramon Quiros, Jose, additional, Obón-Santacana, Mireia, additional, Larrañaga, Nerea, additional, Chirlaque, María-Dolores, additional, Sánchez, María-José, additional, Barricarte, Aurelio, additional, Peeters, Petra H., additional, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, additional, Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, additional, Brändstedt, Jenny, additional, Lundin, Eva, additional, Idahl, Annika, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Gram, Inger T., additional, Lund, Eiliv, additional, Kaw, Kay-Tee, additional, Travis, Ruth C., additional, Merritt, Melissa A., additional, Gunther, Marc J., additional, Riboli, Elio, additional, and Kaaks, Rudolf, additional

Published
2014
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184. Cigarette smoking and risk of histological subtypes of epithelial ovarian cancer in the EPIC cohort study

Author

Gram, Inger T, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Brill, Ilene, Braaten, Tonje, Lund, Eiliv, Lundin, Eva, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie, Bamia, Christina, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Zylis, Dimosthenis, Masala, Giovanna, Berrino, Franco, Galasso, Rocco, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Gavrilyuk, Oxana, Kristiansen, Steinar, Rodríguez, Laudina, Bonet, Catalina, Huerta, José María, Barricarte, Aurelio, Sánchez, Maria-José, Dorronsoro, Miren, Jirström, Karin, Almquist, Martin, Idahl, Annika, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Braem, Marie, Onland-Moret, Charlotte, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Allen, Naomi E, Fedirko, Veronika, Riboli, E, Kaaks, Rudolf, Gram, Inger T, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Brill, Ilene, Braaten, Tonje, Lund, Eiliv, Lundin, Eva, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie, Bamia, Christina, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Zylis, Dimosthenis, Masala, Giovanna, Berrino, Franco, Galasso, Rocco, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Gavrilyuk, Oxana, Kristiansen, Steinar, Rodríguez, Laudina, Bonet, Catalina, Huerta, José María, Barricarte, Aurelio, Sánchez, Maria-José, Dorronsoro, Miren, Jirström, Karin, Almquist, Martin, Idahl, Annika, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Braem, Marie, Onland-Moret, Charlotte, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Allen, Naomi E, Fedirko, Veronika, Riboli, E, and Kaaks, Rudolf

Abstract

New data regarding a positive association between smoking and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), especially the mucinous tumor type, has started to emerge. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between different measures of smoking exposures and subtypes of EOC in a large cohort of women from 10 European countries. The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort is a multicenter prospective study initiated in 1992. The questionnaires included data about dietary, lifestyle, and health factors. Information about cigarette smoking was collected from individuals in all participating countries. We used Cox proportional hazard regression models to estimate hazard ratio (HR) of EOC overall and serous, mucinous, and endometroid histological subtypes, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associated with different measures of smoking exposures adjusting for confounding variables. Altogether 836 incident EOC cases were identified among 326,831 women. The tumors were classified as 400 serous, 83 mucinous, 80 endometroid, 35 clear cell, and 238 unspecified. Compared with never smokers, current smokers had a significantly increased risk for mucinous tumors [HR = 1.85 (95% CI 1.08-3.16)] and those smoking more than 10 cigarettes per day had a doubling in risk [HR = 2.25(95% CI 1.26-4.03)] as did those who had smoked less than 15 pack-years of cigarettes [HR = 2.18 (95% CI 1.07-4.43)]. The results from the EPIC study add further evidence that smoking increases risk of mucinous ovarian cancer and support the notion that the effect of smoking varies according to histological subtype.

Published
2012
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185. Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Study

Author

Agudo, Antonio, Bonet, Catalina, Travier, Noemie, Gonzalez, Carlos A., Vineis, Paolo, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Boffetta, Paolo, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Kaaks, Rudolf, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Schuetze, Madlen, Boeing, Heiner, Tjonneland, Anne, Halkjaer, Jytte, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina C., Ramon Quiros, J., Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Larranaga, Nerea, Navarro, Carmen, Ardanaz, Eva, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J., Key, Timothy J., Allen, Naomi E., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Boshuizen, Hendriek, Buchner, Frederike L., Peeters, Petra H. M., Borgquist, Signe, Almquist, Martin, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Romieu, Isabelle, Riboli, Elio, Agudo, Antonio, Bonet, Catalina, Travier, Noemie, Gonzalez, Carlos A., Vineis, Paolo, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Boffetta, Paolo, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Kaaks, Rudolf, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Schuetze, Madlen, Boeing, Heiner, Tjonneland, Anne, Halkjaer, Jytte, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina C., Ramon Quiros, J., Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Larranaga, Nerea, Navarro, Carmen, Ardanaz, Eva, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas J., Key, Timothy J., Allen, Naomi E., Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Boshuizen, Hendriek, Buchner, Frederike L., Peeters, Petra H. M., Borgquist, Signe, Almquist, Martin, Hallmans, Göran, Johansson, Ingegerd, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Romieu, Isabelle, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Purpose Our aim was to assess the impact of cigarette smoking on the risk of the tumors classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as causally associated with smoking, referred to as tobacco-related cancers (TRC). Methods The study population included 441,211 participants (133,018 men and 308,193 women) from the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition. We investigated 14,563 participants who developed a TRC during an average follow-up of 11 years. The impact of smoking cigarettes on cancer risk was assessed by the population attributable fraction (AF(p)), calculated using the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CI for current and former smokers, plus either the prevalence of smoking among cancer cases or estimates from surveys in representative samples of the population in each country. Results The proportion of all TRC attributable to cigarette smoking was 34.9% (95% CI, 32.5 to 37.4) using the smoking prevalence among cases and 36.2% (95% CI, 33.7 to 38.6) using the smoking prevalence from the population. The AF(p) were above 80% for cancers of the lung and larynx, between 20% and 50% for most respiratory and digestive cancers and tumors from the lower urinary tract, and below 20% for the remaining TRC. Conclusion Using data on cancer incidence for 2008 and our AF(p) estimates, about 270,000 new cancer diagnoses per year can be considered attributable to cigarette smoking in the eight European countries with available data for both men and women (Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Sweden, Denmark).

Published
2012
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186. Plasma carotenoids and vitamin C concentrations and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Ros, Martine M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Kampman, Ellen, Aben, Katja K. H., Buechner, Frederike L., Jansen, Eugene H. J. M., van Gils, Carla H., Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Kvaskoff, Marina, Perquier, Florence, Kaaks, Rudolf, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Weikert, Steffen, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Dilis, Vardis, Palli, Domenico, Pala, Valeria, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Petra H. M., Gram, Inger T., Skeie, Guri, Huerta, Jose Maria, Barricarte, Aurelio, Quiros, Jose Ramon, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Buckland, Genevieve, Larranaga, Nerea, Ehrnstroem, Roy, Wallstroem, Peter, Ljungberg, Börje, Hallmans, Göran, Key, Timothy J., Allen, Naomi E., Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Brennan, Paul, Riboli, Elio, Kiemeney, Lambertus A., Ros, Martine M., Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Kampman, Ellen, Aben, Katja K. H., Buechner, Frederike L., Jansen, Eugene H. J. M., van Gils, Carla H., Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Kvaskoff, Marina, Perquier, Florence, Kaaks, Rudolf, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Weikert, Steffen, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Dilis, Vardis, Palli, Domenico, Pala, Valeria, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Petra H. M., Gram, Inger T., Skeie, Guri, Huerta, Jose Maria, Barricarte, Aurelio, Quiros, Jose Ramon, Sanchez, Maria Jose, Buckland, Genevieve, Larranaga, Nerea, Ehrnstroem, Roy, Wallstroem, Peter, Ljungberg, Börje, Hallmans, Göran, Key, Timothy J., Allen, Naomi E., Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Brennan, Paul, Riboli, Elio, and Kiemeney, Lambertus A.

Abstract

Background: Published associations between dietary carotenoids and vitamin C and bladder cancer risk are inconsistent. Biomarkers may provide more accurate measures of nutrient status. Objective: We investigated the association between plasma carotenoids and vitamin C and risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) in a case-control study nested within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Design: A total of 856 patients with newly diagnosed UCC were matched with 856 cohort members by sex, age at baseline, study center, date and time of blood collection, and fasting status. Plasma carotenoids (alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin) were measured by using reverse-phase HPLC, and plasma vitamin C was measured by using a colorimetric assay. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression with adjustment for smoking status, duration, and intensity. Results: UCC risk decreased with higher concentrations of the sum of plasma carotenoids (IRR for the highest compared with the lowest quartile: 0.64; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.93; P-trend = 0.04). Plasma beta-carotene was inversely associated with aggressive UCC (IRR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.88; P-trend = 0.02). Plasma lutein was inversely associated with risk of nonaggressive UCC (IRR: 0.56; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.98; P-trend = 0.05). No association was observed between plasma vitamin C and risk of UCC. Conclusions: Although residual confounding by smoking or other factors cannot be excluded, higher concentrations of plasma carotenoids may reduce risk of UCC, in particular aggressive UCC. Plasma lutein may reduce risk of nonaggressive UCC.

Published
2012
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187. Fruit and vegetable consumption and risk of aggressive and non-aggressive urothelial cell carcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Ros, Martine M, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Kampman, Ellen, Buchner, Frederike L, Aben, Katja KH, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Morois, Sophie, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Weikert, Steffen, von Ruesten, Anne, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Naska, Androniki, Benetou, Vassiliki, Saieva, Calogero, Pala, Valeria, Ricceri, Fulvio, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra HM, van Gils, Carla H, Gram, Inger T, Engeset, Dagrun, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Ardanazx, Eva, Rodriguez, Laudina, Amanio, Pilar, Gonzalez, Carlos A, Jose Sanchez, Maria, Ulmert, David, Ernstrom, Roy, Ljungberg, Börje, Allen, Naomi E, Key, Timothy J, Khaw, Kee-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Riboli, Elio, Ros, Martine M, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Kampman, Ellen, Buchner, Frederike L, Aben, Katja KH, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjonneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie Christine, Morois, Sophie, Kaaks, Rudolf, Teucher, Birgit, Weikert, Steffen, von Ruesten, Anne, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Naska, Androniki, Benetou, Vassiliki, Saieva, Calogero, Pala, Valeria, Ricceri, Fulvio, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra HM, van Gils, Carla H, Gram, Inger T, Engeset, Dagrun, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Ardanazx, Eva, Rodriguez, Laudina, Amanio, Pilar, Gonzalez, Carlos A, Jose Sanchez, Maria, Ulmert, David, Ernstrom, Roy, Ljungberg, Börje, Allen, Naomi E, Key, Timothy J, Khaw, Kee-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Slimani, Nadia, Romieu, Isabelle, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Background: Many epidemiological studies have examined fruit and vegetable consumption in relation to the risk of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) of the bladder, but results are inconsistent. The association between fruit and vegetable consumption and UCC risk may vary by bladder tumour aggressiveness. Therefore, we examined the relation between fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of aggressive and non-aggressive UCC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). Methods: After 8.9 years of follow-up, 947 UCC were diagnosed among 468,656 EPIC participants. Of these, 421 could be classified as aggressive UCC and 433 as non-aggressive UCC cases. At recruitment, fruit and vegetable consumption was assessed by validated dietary questionnaires. Multivariable hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression stratified by age, sex and center and adjusted for smoking status, duration and intensity of smoking, and energy intake. Results: Total consumption of fruits and vegetables was not associated with aggressive UCC nor with non-aggressive UCC. A 25 g/day increase in leafy vegetables and grapes consumption was associated with a reduced risk of non-aggressive UCC (hazard ratio (HR) 0.88; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.00 and HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98, respectively), while the intake of root vegetables was inversely associated with risk of aggressive UCC (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.77-0.98). Conclusion: Our study did not confirm a protective effect of total fruit and/or vegetable consumption on aggressive or non-aggressive UCC. High consumption of certain types of vegetables and of fruits may reduce the risk of aggressive or non-aggressive UCC; however chance findings cannot be excluded.

Published
2012
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188. Coffee and tea consumption and the risk of ovarian cancer : a prospective cohort study and updated meta-analysis

Author

Braem, Marieke G. M., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Schouten, Leo J., Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Dossus, Laure, Floegel, Anna, Boeing, Heiner, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie, Fagherazzi, Guy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Benetou, Vassiliki, Goufa, Ioulia, Pala, Valeria, Galasso, Rocco, Mattiello, Amalia, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Palli, Domenico, Tumino, Rosario, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Gavrilyuk, Oxana, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Quiros, Ramon, Gonzales, Carlos A., Dorronsoro, Miren, Huerta Castano, Jose M., Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio, Idahl, Annika, Ohlson, Nina, Lundin, Eva, Jirstrom, Karin, Witfalt, Elisabet, Allen, Naomi E., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Kaw, Kay-Tee, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Dik, Vincent K., Rinaldi, Sabina, Fedirko, Veronika, Norat, Teresa, Riboli, Elio, Kaaks, Rudolf, Peeters, Petra H. M., Braem, Marieke G. M., Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte, Schouten, Leo J., Tjonneland, Anne, Hansen, Louise, Dahm, Christina C., Overvad, Kim, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Dossus, Laure, Floegel, Anna, Boeing, Heiner, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Chabbert-Buffet, Nathalie, Fagherazzi, Guy, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Benetou, Vassiliki, Goufa, Ioulia, Pala, Valeria, Galasso, Rocco, Mattiello, Amalia, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Palli, Domenico, Tumino, Rosario, Gram, Inger T., Lund, Eiliv, Gavrilyuk, Oxana, Sanchez, Maria-Jose, Quiros, Ramon, Gonzales, Carlos A., Dorronsoro, Miren, Huerta Castano, Jose M., Barricarte Gurrea, Aurelio, Idahl, Annika, Ohlson, Nina, Lundin, Eva, Jirstrom, Karin, Witfalt, Elisabet, Allen, Naomi E., Tsilidis, Konstantinos K., Kaw, Kay-Tee, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas, Dik, Vincent K., Rinaldi, Sabina, Fedirko, Veronika, Norat, Teresa, Riboli, Elio, Kaaks, Rudolf, and Peeters, Petra H. M.

Abstract

Background: In 2007 the World Cancer Research Fund Report concluded that there was limited and inconsistent evidence for an effect of coffee and tea consumption on the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Objective: In the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), we aimed to investigate whether coffee intakes, tea intakes, or both are associated with the risk of EOC. Design: All women participating in the EPIC (n = 330,849) were included in this study. Data on coffee and tea consumption were collected through validated food-frequency questionnaires at baseline. HRs and 95% CIs were estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models. Furthermore, we performed an updated meta-analysis of all previous prospective studies until April 2011 by comparing the highest and lowest coffee- and tea-consumption categories as well as by using dose-response random-effects meta-regression analyses. Results: During a median follow-up of 11.7 y, 1244 women developed EOC. No association was observed between the risk of EOC and coffee consumption [HR: 1.05 (95% CI: 0.75, 1.46) for the top quintile compared with no intake] or tea consumption [HR: 1.07 (95% Cl: 0.78, 1.45) for the top quintile compared with no intake]. This lack of association between coffee and tea intake and EOC risk was confirmed by the results of our meta-analysis. Conclusion: Epidemiologic studies do not provide sufficient evidence to support an association between coffee and tea consumption and risk of ovarian cancer. Am J Clin Nutr 2012;95:1172-81.

Published
2012
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190. Cigarette smoking and colorectal cancer risk in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition study

Author

Leufkens, Anke M, Van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B, Siersema, Peter D, Boshuizen, Hendriek C, Vrieling, Alina, Agudo, Antonio, Gram, Inger T, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Dahm, Christina, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Morois, Sophie, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Charlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Herman, Silke, Kaaks, Rudolf, Steffen, Annika, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Peeters, Petra H, van Gils, Carla H, van Kranen, Henk, Lund, Eliv, Dumeaux, Vanessa, Engeset, Dagrun, Rodríguez, Laudina, Sánchez, Maria-José, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Barricarte, Aurelio, Manjer, Jonas, Almquist, Martin, van Guelpen, Bethany, Hallmans, Göran, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Straif, Kurt, Leon-Roux, Maria, Vineis, Paul, Norat, Teresa, Riboli, Elio, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Leufkens, Anke M, Van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B, Siersema, Peter D, Boshuizen, Hendriek C, Vrieling, Alina, Agudo, Antonio, Gram, Inger T, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Dahm, Christina, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Morois, Sophie, Palli, Domenico, Grioni, Sara, Tumino, Rosario, Sacerdote, Charlotta, Mattiello, Amalia, Herman, Silke, Kaaks, Rudolf, Steffen, Annika, Boeing, Heiner, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Peeters, Petra H, van Gils, Carla H, van Kranen, Henk, Lund, Eliv, Dumeaux, Vanessa, Engeset, Dagrun, Rodríguez, Laudina, Sánchez, Maria-José, Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores, Barricarte, Aurelio, Manjer, Jonas, Almquist, Martin, van Guelpen, Bethany, Hallmans, Göran, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Straif, Kurt, Leon-Roux, Maria, Vineis, Paul, Norat, Teresa, Riboli, Elio, and Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas

Abstract

Ever smokers have an increased risk of colon cancer, which appeared to be more pronounced in the proximal than the distal colon location.

Published
2011
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191. Red meat, dietary nitrosamines, and heme iron and risk of bladder cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Jakszyn, Paula, González, Carlos A, Luján-Barroso, Leila, Ros, Martine M, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Roswall, Nina, Tjønneland, Anne M, Büchner, Frederike L, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina S, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Allen, Naomi E, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Key, Timothy J, Kaaks, Rudolf, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Oikonomou, Eleni, Zylis, Dimosthenis, Palli, Domenico, Berrino, Franco, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra H M, Parr, Christine L, Gram, Inger T, Skeie, Guri, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Rodríguez, Laudina, Ulmert, David, Ehrnström, Roy, Hallmans, Göran, Ljungberg, Börje, Roddam, Andrew Wilfred, Bingham, Sheila A, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Slimani, Nadia, Boffetta, Paolo A, Jenab, Mazda, Mouw, Traci, Michaud, Dominique S, Riboli, Elio, Jakszyn, Paula, González, Carlos A, Luján-Barroso, Leila, Ros, Martine M, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Roswall, Nina, Tjønneland, Anne M, Büchner, Frederike L, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina S, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Allen, Naomi E, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Key, Timothy J, Kaaks, Rudolf, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Oikonomou, Eleni, Zylis, Dimosthenis, Palli, Domenico, Berrino, Franco, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra H M, Parr, Christine L, Gram, Inger T, Skeie, Guri, Sánchez, Maria-Jose, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Rodríguez, Laudina, Ulmert, David, Ehrnström, Roy, Hallmans, Göran, Ljungberg, Börje, Roddam, Andrew Wilfred, Bingham, Sheila A, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Slimani, Nadia, Boffetta, Paolo A, Jenab, Mazda, Mouw, Traci, Michaud, Dominique S, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Our findings do not support an effect of red meat intake, nitrosamines (endogenous or exogenous), or heme iron intake on bladder cancer risk. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(3); 555-9. ©2011 AACR.

Published
2011
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192. Variety in vegetable and fruit consumption and risk of bladder cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

Büchner, Frederike L, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Kampman, Ellen, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Naska, Ada, Benetou, Vicky, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Sánchez, Maria-José, Jakszyn, Paula, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Rodríguez, Laudina, Manjer, Jonas, Ehrnström, Roy, Hallmans, Göran, Ljungberg, Börje, Key, Tim J, Allen, Naomi E, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Slimani, Nadia, Jenab, Mazda, Boffetta, Paolo, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, Riboli, Elio, Büchner, Frederike L, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Kampman, Ellen, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Naska, Ada, Benetou, Vicky, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Sánchez, Maria-José, Jakszyn, Paula, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Rodríguez, Laudina, Manjer, Jonas, Ehrnström, Roy, Hallmans, Göran, Ljungberg, Börje, Key, Tim J, Allen, Naomi E, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nicholas, Slimani, Nadia, Jenab, Mazda, Boffetta, Paolo, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Recent research does not show an association between fruit and vegetable consumption and bladder cancer risk. None of these studies investigated variety in fruit and vegetable consumption, which may capture different aspects of consumption. We investigated whether a varied consumption of vegetables and fruits is associated with bladder cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Detailed data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer incidence were available for 452,185 participants, who were recruited from ten European countries. After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 874 participants were diagnosed with bladder cancer. Diet diversity scores (DDSs) were used to quantify the variety in fruit and vegetable consumption. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the effect of the DDSs on bladder cancer risk. There was no evidence of a statistically significant association between bladder cancer risk and any of the DDSs when these scores were considered as continuous covariates. However, the hazard ratio (HR) for the highest tertile of the DDS for combined fruit and vegetable consumption was marginally significant compared to the lowest (HR = 1.30, 95% confidence interval: 1.00-1.69, p-trend = 0.05). In EPIC, there is no clear association between a varied fruit and vegetable consumption and bladder cancer risk. This finding provides further evidence for the absence of any strong association between fruit and vegetable consumption as measured by a food frequency questionnaire and bladder cancer risk.

Published
2011
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193. Fluid intake and the risk of urothelial cell carcinomas in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)

Author

Ros, Martine M, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Büchner, Frederike L, Aben, Katja K H, Kampman, Ellen, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Kaaks, Rudolf, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Orfanos, Philippos, Stasinopulou, Georgia, Saieva, Calogero, Krogh, Vittorio, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra H M, van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Chirlaque, Maria D, Barricarte, Aurelio, Rodríguez, Laudina, Molina, Esther, Gonzalez, Carlos, Dorronsoro, Miren, Manjer, Jonas, Ehrnström, Roy, Ljungberg, Börje, Allen, Naomi E, Roddam, Andrew W, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Boffetta, Paolo, Slimani, Nadia, Michaud, Dominique S, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, Riboli, Elio, Ros, Martine M, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, H B, Büchner, Frederike L, Aben, Katja K H, Kampman, Ellen, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Tjønneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Kaaks, Rudolf, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Orfanos, Philippos, Stasinopulou, Georgia, Saieva, Calogero, Krogh, Vittorio, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Peeters, Petra H M, van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J B, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Chirlaque, Maria D, Barricarte, Aurelio, Rodríguez, Laudina, Molina, Esther, Gonzalez, Carlos, Dorronsoro, Miren, Manjer, Jonas, Ehrnström, Roy, Ljungberg, Börje, Allen, Naomi E, Roddam, Andrew W, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Boffetta, Paolo, Slimani, Nadia, Michaud, Dominique S, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Results from previous studies investigating the association between fluid intake and urothelial cell carcinomas (UCC) are inconsistent. We evaluated this association among 233,236 subjects in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC), who had adequate baseline information on water and total fluid intake. During a mean follow-up of 9.3 years, 513 first primary UCC occurred. At recruitment, habitual fluid intake was assessed by a food frequency questionnaire. Multivariable hazard ratios were estimated using Cox regression stratified by age, sex and center and adjusted for energy intake, smoking status, duration of smoking and lifetime intensity of smoking. When using the lowest tertile of intake as reference, total fluid intake was not associated with risk of all UCC (HR 1.12; 95%CI 0.86-1.45, p-trend = 0.42) or with risk of prognostically high-risk UCC (HR 1.28; 95%CI 0.85-1.93, p-trend = 0.27) or prognostically low-risk UCC (HR 0.93; 95%CI 0.65-1.33, p-trend = 0.74). No associations were observed between risk of UCC and intake of water, coffee, tea and herbal tea and milk and other dairy beverages. For prognostically low-risk UCC suggestions of an inverse association with alcoholic beverages and of a positive association with soft drinks were seen. Increased risks were found for all UCC and prognostically low-risk UCC with higher intake of fruit and vegetable juices. In conclusion, total usual fluid intake is not associated with UCC risk in EPIC. The relationships observed for some fluids may be due to chance, but further investigation of the role of all types of fluid is warranted.

Published
2011
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194. Variety in fruit and vegetable consumption and the risk of lung cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition

Author

Büchner, Frederike L, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina C, Hansen, Louise, Tjønneland, Anne, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Rohrmann, Sabine, Boeing, Heiner, Nöthlings, Ute, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Zylis, Dimosthenis, Dilis, Vardis, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Braaten, Tonje, Sánchez, María-José, Agudo, Antonio, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Argüelles, Marcial V, Manjer, Jonas, Wirfält, Elisabet, Hallmans, Göran, Rasmuson, Torgny, Key, Tim J, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Slimani, Nadia, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Xun, Wei W, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, Riboli, Elio, Büchner, Frederike L, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina C, Hansen, Louise, Tjønneland, Anne, Clavel-Chapelon, Françoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Kaaks, Rudolf, Rohrmann, Sabine, Boeing, Heiner, Nöthlings, Ute, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Zylis, Dimosthenis, Dilis, Vardis, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Braaten, Tonje, Sánchez, María-José, Agudo, Antonio, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Argüelles, Marcial V, Manjer, Jonas, Wirfält, Elisabet, Hallmans, Göran, Rasmuson, Torgny, Key, Tim J, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Slimani, Nadia, Vergnaud, Anne-Claire, Xun, Wei W, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

BACKGROUND: We investigated whether a varied consumption of vegetables and fruits is associated with lower lung cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study. METHODS: After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1,613 of 452,187 participants with complete information were diagnosed with lung cancer. Diet diversity scores (DDS) were used to quantify the variety in fruit and vegetable consumption. Multivariable proportional hazards models were used to assess the associations between DDS and lung cancer risk. All models were adjusted for smoking behavior and the total consumption of fruit and vegetables. RESULTS: With increasing variety in vegetable subgroups, risk of lung cancer decreases [hazard ratios (HR), 0.77; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64-0.94 highest versus lowest quartile; P trend = 0.02]. This inverse association is restricted to current smokers (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.57-0.93 highest versus lowest quartile; P trend = 0.03). In continuous analyses, in current smokers, lower risks were observed for squamous cell carcinomas with more variety in fruit and vegetable products combined (HR/two products, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.82-0.95), vegetable subgroups (HR/subgroup, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.97), vegetable products (HR/two products, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.79-0.96), and fruit products (HR/two products, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.72-0.97). CONCLUSION: Variety in vegetable consumption was inversely associated with lung cancer risk among current smokers. Risk of squamous cell carcinomas was reduced with increasing variety in fruit and/or vegetable consumption, which was mainly driven by the effect in current smokers. IMPACT: Independent from quantity of consumption, variety in fruit and vegetable consumption may decrease lung cancer risk.

Published
2010
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195. Reproductive factors and exogenous hormone use in relation to risk of glioma and meningioma in a large European cohort study

Author

Michaud, Dominique S, Gallo, Valentina, Schlehofer, Brigitte, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina C, Kaaks, Rudolf, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Boeing, Heiner, Schütze, Madlen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bamia, Christina, Kyrozis, Andreas, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Agnoli, Claudia, Palli, Domenico, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Bakken, Kjersti, Gram, Inger T, Barricarte, Aurelio, Navarro, Carmen, Dorronsoro, Miren, Sánchez, Maria José, Rodríguez, Laudina, Duell, Eric J, Hallmans, Göran, Melin, Beatrice, Manjer, Jonas, Borgquist, Signe, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Allen, Naomi E, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Romieu, Isabelle, Rinaldi, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Riboli, Elio, Michaud, Dominique S, Gallo, Valentina, Schlehofer, Brigitte, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Dahm, Christina C, Kaaks, Rudolf, Lukanova, Annekatrin, Boeing, Heiner, Schütze, Madlen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Bamia, Christina, Kyrozis, Andreas, Sacerdote, Carlotta, Agnoli, Claudia, Palli, Domenico, Tumino, Rosario, Mattiello, Amalia, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Bakken, Kjersti, Gram, Inger T, Barricarte, Aurelio, Navarro, Carmen, Dorronsoro, Miren, Sánchez, Maria José, Rodríguez, Laudina, Duell, Eric J, Hallmans, Göran, Melin, Beatrice, Manjer, Jonas, Borgquist, Signe, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Wareham, Nick, Allen, Naomi E, Tsilidis, Konstantinos K, Romieu, Isabelle, Rinaldi, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The etiologies of glioma and meningioma tumors are largely unknown. Although reproductive hormones are thought to influence the risk of these tumors, epidemiologic data are not supportive of this hypothesis; however, few cohort studies have published on this topic. We examined the relation between reproductive factors and the risk of glioma and meningioma among women in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). METHODS: After a mean of 8.4 years of follow-up, 193 glioma and 194 meningioma cases were identified among 276,212 women. Information on reproductive factors and hormone use was collected at baseline. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to determine hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS: No associations were observed between glioma or meningioma risk and reproductive factors, including age at menarche, parity, age at first birth, menopausal status, and age at menopause. A higher risk of meningioma was observed among postmenopausal women who were current users of hormone replacement therapy (HR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.18-2.71) compared with never users. Similarly, current users of oral contraceptives were at higher risk of meningioma than never users (HR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.75-7.46). CONCLUSION: Our results do not support a role for estrogens and glioma risk. Use of exogenous hormones, especially current use, seems to increase meningioma risk. However, these findings could be due to diagnostic bias and require confirmation. IMPACT: Elucidating the role of hormones in brain tumor development has important implications and needs to be further examined using biological measurements.

Published
2010
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196. Consumption of vegetables and fruit and the risk of bladder cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Author

Büchner, Frederike L, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Kampman, Ellen, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Tjønneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Kaaks, Rudolf, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Vrieling, Alina, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Engeset, Dagrun, Martinez, Carmen, Gonzalez, Carlos A, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Rodríguez, Laudina, Manjer, Jonas, Ehrnström, Roy A, Hallmans, Goran, Ljungberg, Borje, Allen, Naomi E, Roddam, Andrew W, Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Slimani, Nadia, Boffetta, Paolo, Jenab, Mazda, Mouw, Traci, Michaud, Dominique S, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, Riboli, Elio, Büchner, Frederike L, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ros, Martine M, Kampman, Ellen, Egevad, Lars, Overvad, Kim, Raaschou-Nielsen, Ole, Tjønneland, Anne, Roswall, Nina, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Touillaud, Marina, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Kaaks, Rudolf, Boeing, Heiner, Weikert, Steffen, Trichopoulou, Antonia, Lagiou, Pagona, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Palli, Domenico, Sieri, Sabina, Vineis, Paolo, Tumino, Rosario, Panico, Salvatore, Vrieling, Alina, Peeters, Petra H M, van Gils, Carla H, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Engeset, Dagrun, Martinez, Carmen, Gonzalez, Carlos A, Larrañaga, Nerea, Ardanaz, Eva, Navarro, Carmen, Rodríguez, Laudina, Manjer, Jonas, Ehrnström, Roy A, Hallmans, Goran, Ljungberg, Borje, Allen, Naomi E, Roddam, Andrew W, Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Slimani, Nadia, Boffetta, Paolo, Jenab, Mazda, Mouw, Traci, Michaud, Dominique S, Kiemeney, Lambertus A L M, and Riboli, Elio

Abstract

Previous epidemiologic studies found inconsistent associations between vegetables and fruit consumption and the risk of bladder cancer. We therefore investigated the association between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of bladder cancer among participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Data on food consumption and complete follow-up for cancer occurrence was available for a total of 478,533 participants, who were recruited in 10 European countries. Estimates of rate ratios were obtained by Cox proportional hazard models, stratified by age at recruitment, gender and study centre, and adjusted for total energy intake, smoking status, duration of smoking and lifetime intensity of smoking. A calibration study in a subsample was used to control for dietary measurement errors. After a mean follow-up of 8.7 years, 1015 participants were newly diagnosed with bladder cancer. Increments of 100 g/day in fruit and vegetable consumption combined did not affect bladder cancer risk (i.e., calibrated HR = 0.98; 95%CI: 0.95-1.01). Borderline statistically significant lower bladder cancer risks were found among never smokers with increased consumption of fruit and vegetables combined (HR = 0.94 95%CI: 0.87-1.00 with increments of 100 g/day; calibrated HR = 0.92 95%CI 0.79-1.06) and increased consumption of apples and pears (hard fruit; calibrated HR = 0.90 95%CI: 0.82-0.98 with increments of 25 g/day). For none of the associations a statistically significant interaction with smoking status was found. Our findings do not support an effect of fruit and vegetable consumption, combined or separately, on bladder cancer risk. (c) 2009 UICC.

Published
2009
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200. No association of consumption of animal foods with risk of ovarian cancer.

Author

Schulz, Mandy, Nöthlings, Ute, Allen, Naomi, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Agnoli, Claudia, Engeset, Dagrun, Galasso, Rocco, Wirfält, Elisabet, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Chajes, Veronique, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Ray, Jennifer, Hoffmann, Kurt, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Kaaks, Rudolf, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Georgila, Christina, Zourna, Pantelina, Palli, Domenico, Berrino, Franco, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ocké, Marga C, Peeters, Petra H M, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Skeie, Guri, Berglund, Göran, Lundin, Eva, Hallmans, Göran, González, Carlos A, Quirós, José Ramón, Dorronsoro, Miren, Martínez, Carmen, Tormo, Marie-Jose, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Key, Timothy J A, Jenab, Mazda, Rinaldi, Sabina, Slimani, Nadia, Riboli, Elio, Schulz, Mandy, Nöthlings, Ute, Allen, Naomi, Onland-Moret, N Charlotte, Agnoli, Claudia, Engeset, Dagrun, Galasso, Rocco, Wirfält, Elisabet, Tjønneland, Anne, Olsen, Anja, Overvad, Kim, Boutron-Ruault, Marie-Christine, Chajes, Veronique, Clavel-Chapelon, Francoise, Ray, Jennifer, Hoffmann, Kurt, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Kaaks, Rudolf, Trichopoulos, Dimitrios, Georgila, Christina, Zourna, Pantelina, Palli, Domenico, Berrino, Franco, Tumino, Rosario, Vineis, Paolo, Panico, Salvatore, Bueno-de-Mesquita, H Bas, Ocké, Marga C, Peeters, Petra H M, Lund, Eiliv, Gram, Inger T, Skeie, Guri, Berglund, Göran, Lundin, Eva, Hallmans, Göran, González, Carlos A, Quirós, José Ramón, Dorronsoro, Miren, Martínez, Carmen, Tormo, Marie-Jose, Barricarte, Aurelio, Bingham, Sheila, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Key, Timothy J A, Jenab, Mazda, Rinaldi, Sabina, Slimani, Nadia, and Riboli, Elio

Published
2007

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