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Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-inc-10.1177_1751143720949458 for Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees by Laura Goodwin, Katie Samuel, Behnaz Schofield, Sarah Voss, Stephen J Brett, Keith Couper, Doug Gould, David Harrison, Ranjit Lall, Jerry P Nolan, Gavin D Perkins, Jasmeet Soar, Matthew Thomas, Jonathan Benger and in collaboration with the Research and Audit Federation of Trainees (RAFT) network: on behalf of the UCC-SMART Study Group in Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-inc-10.1177_1751143720949458 for Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees by Laura Goodwin, Katie Samuel, Behnaz Schofield, Sarah Voss, Stephen J Brett, Keith Couper, Doug Gould, David Harrison, Ranjit Lall, Jerry P Nolan, Gavin D Perkins, Jasmeet Soar, Matthew Thomas, Jonathan Benger and in collaboration with the Research and Audit Federation of Trainees (RAFT) network: on behalf of the UCC-SMART Study Group in Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-4-inc-10.1177_1751143720949458 for Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees by Laura Goodwin, Katie Samuel, Behnaz Schofield, Sarah Voss, Stephen J Brett, Keith Couper, Doug Gould, David Harrison, Ranjit Lall, Jerry P Nolan, Gavin D Perkins, Jasmeet Soar, Matthew Thomas, Jonathan Benger and in collaboration with the Research and Audit Federation of Trainees (RAFT) network: on behalf of the UCC-SMART Study Group in Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-5-inc-10.1177_1751143720949458 for Airway management during in-hospital cardiac arrest in adults: UK national survey and interview study with anaesthetic and intensive care trainees by Laura Goodwin, Katie Samuel, Behnaz Schofield, Sarah Voss, Stephen J Brett, Keith Couper, Doug Gould, David Harrison, Ranjit Lall, Jerry P Nolan, Gavin D Perkins, Jasmeet Soar, Matthew Thomas, Jonathan Benger and in collaboration with the Research and Audit Federation of Trainees (RAFT) network: on behalf of the UCC-SMART Study Group in Journal of the Intensive Care Society

Additional file 1: Table S1 Self-reported alcohol consumption at baseline and follow-up in participants who attended follow-up. Values are medians (IQR in brackets). Table S2 Changes in DRSE over time. Values are medians (IQR) (N). Table S3 Additional secondary outcome measures over time. Values are medians (IQR) (N)

Background In 2015, 27.5% of births in England and Wales were to mothers born outside of the UK. Compared to their White British peers, minority ethnic and migrant women are at a significantly higher risk of maternal and perinatal mortality, along with lower maternity care satisfaction. Existing literature highlights the importance of midwife–woman relationships in care satisfaction and pregnancy outcomes; however, little research has explored midwife–woman relationships for migrant and minority ethnic women in the UK. Methods A focused ethnography was conducted in South Wales, UK, including semi‐structured interviews with 9 migrant Pakistani participants and 11 practising midwives, fieldwork in the local migrant Pakistani community and local maternity services, observations of antenatal appointments, and reviews of relevant media. Thematic data analysis was undertaken concurrently with data collection. Findings The midwife–woman relationship was important for participants' experiences of care. Numerous social and ecological factors influenced this relationship, including family relationships, culture and religion, differing health‐care systems, authoritative knowledge and communication of information. Marked differences were seen between midwives and women in the perceived importance of these factors. Conclusions Findings provide new theoretical insights into the complex factors contributing to the health‐care expectations of pregnant migrant Pakistani women in the UK. These findings may be used to create meaningful dialogue between women and midwives, encourage women's involvement in decisions about their health care and facilitate future midwifery education and research. Conclusions are relevant to a broad international audience, as achieving better outcomes for migrant and ethnic minority communities is of global concern.

Background: Military families can experience unique stressors that may contribute towards poorer well-being among the spouses/partners of Service personnel. However, there is little UK research regarding mental health or alcohol consumption among this population.Objective: This study examined mental health outcomes (probable depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)) and alcohol consumption among UK military spouses/partners compared to women in the general population. Associations with military and socio-demographic characteristics were examined.Method: Survey data from 405 female spouses/partners of current and former UK Service personnel participating in a study of military-connected children (2010–2012) was analysed. Comparisons to women in the general population were made using the 2007 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey (n = 1594).Results: Compared to women from the general population, military spouses/partners were significantly more likely to meet criteria for probable depression (adj. OR 2.50 (95% CI 1.52–4.11)). There was no significant difference regarding probable PTSD. Spouses/partners were significantly more likely to meet criteria for hazardous alcohol consumption (adj. OR 2.55 (95% CI 1.87–3.47)) and more likely to report episodes of weekly, daily or almost daily binge-drinking (adj. OR 2.15 (95% CI 1.28–3.61)) than women in the general population. Binge-drinking was significantly higher among spouses/partners of Service personnel reporting family separations of more than 2 months in the last 2 years compared to those reporting no, or shorter, separations (adj. OR 1.88 (95% CI 1.08–3.27)).Conclusion: This is the first study to examine mental health and alcohol consumption among UK military spouses/partners. The significantly higher prevalence of probable depression, hazardous alcohol consumption, and binge-drinking compared to women in the general population suggests further research is needed into the drivers of poor mental health and alcohol consumption among this population and in identifying or developing prevention campaigns to reduce alcohol use and support their well-being.

Background: Previous studies have revealed associations between psychiatric disorder diagnosis and shorter telomere length. Here, we attempt to discern whether genetic risk for psychiatric disorders, or use of pharmacological treatments (i.e., antidepressants), predict shorter telomere length and risk for aging-related disease in a United Kingdom population sample. Methods: DNA samples from blood were available from 351 participants who were recruited as part of the South East London Community Health (SELCoH) Study, and for which whole-genome genotype data was available. Leukocyte telomere length was characterized using quantitative polymerase chain reactions. Individualized polygenic risk scores for major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BD), and schizophrenia (SCZ) were calculated using Psychiatric Genomics Consortium summary statistics. We subsequently performed linear models, to discern the impact polygenic risk for psychiatric disorders (an etiological risk factor) and antidepressant use (common pharmacological treatment) have on telomere length, whilst accounting for other lifestyle/health factors (e.g., BMI, smoking). Results: There were no significant associations between polygenic risk for any of the psychiatric disorders tested and telomere length (p > 0.05). Antidepressant use was significantly associated with shorter telomere length and this was independent from a depression diagnosis or current depression severity (p ≤ 0.01). Antidepressant use was also associated with a significantly higher risk of aging-related disease, which was independent from depression diagnosis (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Genetic risk for psychiatric disorders is not associated with shorter telomere length. Further studies are now needed to prospectively characterize if antidepressant use increases risk for aging-related disease and telomere shortening, or whether people who age faster and have aging-related diseases are just more likely to be prescribed antidepressants.

Recent studies have uncovered de novo mutations of the gene encoding the chromatin remodelling protein Snf2l in patients with schizophrenia, Rett-like syndrome and intellectual disability. Snf2l and its closely related protein, Snf2h, play a critical role in embryonic and post-natal brain development. Murine models lacking functional Snf2h or Snf2l point to complementary activities of these remodelers; Snf2h cKO mice present with a significantly reduced cerebellum, while Snf2l Ex6DEL (exon 6 deleted) cerebella are larger than their wild-type counterparts. Granule neuron progenitors (GNPs) isolated from Ex6DEL cerebella display delayed cell cycle exit and hindered terminal differentiation compared to wild-type controls. Moreover, loss of Snf2l activity results in widespread transcriptome shifts which underlie the Ex6DEL GNP differentiation phenotype. In particular, key transcription factors are differentially expressed without Snf2l remodelling activity. We confirm that ERK pathway activation is misregulated in Ex6DEL GNPs, possibly in response to elevated fibroblast growth factor 8 (Fgf8) expression in these cultures. We find that Snf2l activity maintains the chromatin landscape throughout GNP differentiation, as Ex6DEL cultures have a global increase in chromatin accessibility. We suggest that Snf2l-mediated chromatin condensation is responsible for proper regulation of gene expression programs in GNP differentiation.

InDEx is a software package for reporting and monitoring alcohol consumption via a smartphone application. Consumption of alcohol is self-reported by the user, and the app provides a visual representation of drinking behaviour and offers feedback on consumption levels compared to the general population. InDEx is intended as an exemplar app, operating as a standalone smartphone application and is highly customisable for a variety of research domains. InDEx is written in JavaScript, using IONIC framework which is cross-platform and is available under the liberal GNU General Public License (v3). The software is available from GitHub (https://github.com/DrDanL/index-app-public). Funding statement: This study was funded by the Medical Research Council (MR/N028244/2).