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Olaparib has shown significant clinical benefit as maintenance therapy in women with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer with a mutation. The effect of combining maintenance olaparib and bevacizumab in patients regardless of mutation status is unknown. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, international phase 3 trial. Eligible patients had newly diagnosed, advanced, high-grade ovarian cancer and were having a response after first-line platinum-taxane chemotherapy plus bevacizumab. Patients were eligible regardless of surgical outcome or mutation status. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive olaparib tablets (300 mg twice daily) or placebo for up to 24 months; all the patients received bevacizumab at a dose of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight every 3 weeks for up to 15 months in total. The primary end point was the time from randomization until investigator-assessed disease progression or death. Of the 806 patients who underwent randomization, 537 were assigned to receive olaparib and 269 to receive placebo. After a median follow-up of 22.9 months, the median progression-free survival was 22.1 months with olaparib plus bevacizumab and 16.6 months with placebo plus bevacizumab (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49 to 0.72; P<0.001). The hazard ratio (olaparib group vs. placebo group) for disease progression or death was 0.33 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.45) in patients with tumors positive for homologous-recombination deficiency (HRD), including tumors that had mutations (median progression-free survival, 37.2 vs. 17.7 months), and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.66) in patients with HRD-positive tumors that did not have mutations (median progression-free survival, 28.1 vs. 16.6 months). Adverse events were consistent with the established safety profiles of olaparib and bevacizumab. In patients with advanced ovarian cancer receiving first-line standard therapy including bevacizumab, the addition of maintenan

Tras varios años de experiencia docente hemos podido comprobar cómo hoy en día la sociedad demanda cada vez más el acceso a una formación de calidad, siendo Internet y los MOOC (ofrecidos por diversas universidades nacionales y extranjeras) una de las vías de acceso a la misma. Es por ello que entre los objetivos a alcanzar con la presente propuesta ha estado el de diseñar un curso de formación masiva, abierta y en línea (MOOC), que aproxime de una forma dinámica y accesible al público universitario y general al conocimiento de Filipinas y el Pacífico; facilitando de este modo un acercamiento académico especializado al estudio de la región de Filipinas y el Pacífico.

BACKGROUND: Olaparib has shown significant clinical benefit as maintenance therapy in women with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer with a BRCA mutation. The effect of combining maintenance olaparib and bevacizumab in patients regardless of BRCA mutation status is unknown. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, international phase 3 trial. Eligible patients had newly diagnosed, advanced, high-grade ovarian cancer and were having a response after first-line platinum-taxane chemotherapy plus bevacizumab. Patients were eligible regardless of surgical outcome or BRCA mutation status. Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive olaparib tablets (300 mg twice daily) or placebo for up to 24 months; all the patients received bevacizumab at a dose of 15 mg per kilogram of body weight every 3 weeks for up to 15 months in total. The primary end point was the time from randomization until investigator-assessed disease progression or death. RESULTS: Of the 806 patients who underwent randomization, 537 were assigned to receive olaparib and 269 to receive placebo. After a median follow-up of 22.9 months, the median progression-free survival was 22.1 months with olaparib plus bevacizumab and 16.6 months with placebo plus bevacizumab (hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49 to 0.72; P<0.001). The hazard ratio (olaparib group vs. placebo group) for disease progression or death was 0.33 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.45) in patients with tumors positive for homologous-recombination deficiency (HRD), including tumors that had BRCA mutations (median progression-free survival, 37.2 vs. 17.7 months), and 0.43 (95% CI, 0.28 to 0.66) in patients with HRD-positive tumors that did not have BRCA mutations (median progression-free survival, 28.1 vs. 16.6 months). Adverse events were consistent with the established safety profiles of olaparib and bevacizumab. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with advanced ovarian cancer receiving first-li

[Background] Bioko is one of the few islands that exist around Africa, the most genetically diverse continent on the planet. The native Bantu-speaking inhabitants of Bioko, the Bubi, are believed to have colonized the island about 2000 years ago. Here, we sequenced the genome of thirteen Bubi individuals at high coverage and analysed their sequences in comparison to mainland populations from the Gulf of Guinea., [Results] We found that, genetically, the closest mainland population to the Bubi are Bantu-speaking groups from Angola instead the geographically closer groups from Cameroon. The Bubi possess a lower proportion of rainforest hunter-gatherer (RHG) ancestry than most other Bantu-speaking groups. However, their RHG component most likely came from the same source and could have reached them by gene flow from the mainland after island settlement. By studying identity by descent (IBD) genomic blocks and runs of homozygosity (ROHs), we found evidence for a significant level of genetic isolation among the Bubi, isolation that can be attributed to the island effect. Additionally, as this population is known to have one of the highest malaria incidence rates in the world we analysed their genome for malaria-resistant alleles. However, we were unable to detect any specific selective sweeps related to this disease., [Conclusions] By describing their dispersal to the Atlantic islands, the genomic characterization of the Bubi contributes to the understanding of the margins of the massive Bantu migration that shaped all Sub-Saharan African populations.

BACKGROUND Most women with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer have a relapse within 3 years after standard treatment with surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy. The benefit of the oral poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitor olaparib in relapsed disease has been well established, but the benefit of olaparib as maintenance therapy in newly diagnosed disease is uncertain. METHODS We conducted an international, randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial to evaluate the efficacy of olaparib as maintenance therapy in patients with newly diagnosed advanced (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III or IV) high-grade serous or endometrioid ovarian cancer, primary peritoneal cancer, or fallopian-tube cancer (or a combination thereof) with a mutation in BRCA1, BRCA2, or both (BRCA1/2) who had a complete or partial clinical response after platinumbased chemotherapy. The patients were randomly assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive olaparib tablets (300 mg twice daily) or placebo. The primary end point was progression-free survival. RESULTS Of the 391 patients who underwent randomization, 260 were assigned to receive olaparib and 131 to receive placebo. A total of 388 patients had a centrally confirmed germline BRCA1/2 mutation, and 2 patients had a centrally confirmed somatic BRCA1/2 mutation. After a median follow-up of 41 months, the risk of disease progression or death was 70% lower with olaparib than with placebo (Kaplan-Meier estimate of the rate of freedom from disease progression and from death at 3 years, 60% vs. 27%; hazard ratio for disease progression or death, 0.30; 95% confidence interval, 0.23 to 0.41; P<0.001). Adverse events were consistent with the known toxic effects of olaparib. CONCLUSIONS The use of maintenance therapy with olaparib provided a substantial benefit with regard to progression-free survival among women with newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer and a BRCA1/2 mutation, with a 70% lower risk of disease

Objetivos: Evaluar el impacto de una estrategia de intervención en el patrón de prescripción de la insulina glargina biosimilar (IGBio) respecto al compuesto de referencia y analizar la influencia del perfil del prescriptor y su repercusión económica. Diseno: ˜ Estudio cuasiexperimental de tipo antes/después, con un grupo control. Emplazamiento: Dos áreas de gestión sanitaria (AGS) de Sevilla: AGS Sur (área intervención) y AGS Osuna (área control). Participantes: La totalidad de los médicos de atención primaria de cada área: 220 y 100, respectivamente. Intervención: Se realizaron sesiones formativas, se envió un boletín farmacoterapéutico e infor mes de retroalimentación mensual durante los 6 meses tras la intervención formativa. El estudio fue llevado a cabo desde la comercialización del biosimilar, en octubre de 2015, hasta febrero de 2016 (pre-intervención) y desde febrero hasta agosto de 2016 (intervención). Mediciones principales: Los indicadores analizados han sido porcentaje de pacientes y porcen taje de dosis diaria definida (DDD) con IGBio respecto al total y el coste. Los médicos han sido analizados por subgrupos de edad, sexo, formación, tipo de contrato, anos ˜ de experiencia y cupo. Resultados principales: Ambos indicadores aumentan al mismo nivel en ambas áreas antes de la intervención. Sin embargo, después de la intervención fueron significativamente diferentes entre las áreas (p < 0,0005), intervalo de confianza al 95% (2,5-4,7). La razón del porcentaje de incremento relativo acumulado de ambas variables entre áreas fue 3,73 veces mayor tras la intervención. En el área intervención no se encontraron diferencias para los subgrupos de médicos evaluados. Conclusiones: Estrategias encaminadas a la formación/información, así como el seguimiento a los profesionales sanitarios, inciden en el patrón de prescripción y pueden tener una repercusión económica. Nuestros resultados no se han visto influenciados por el perfil del prescriptor., Objectives: To examine the effects of specific interventions on biosimilar glargine insulin (BGI) prescribing in general practices and to analyse the influence of prescriber and economic impact. Design: Non randomized controlled study. Setting: General practices in 2 health areas of Seville, intervention and control group. Participants: 220 general practices (intervention group) and 100 general practices (control group). Intervention: Intervention group received educational seminars on biosimilar drugs, pharma cotherapeutic bulletin and prescribing feedback. The study was carried out from the biosimilar commercialization, October-2015, to February-2016 (pre-intervention) and from February to August 2016 (intervention). Main measurements: Percentage of patients and DDD with BGI respect to total glargine before and during intervention for both areas were analysed. Physicians have been analysed by sub groups of age, sex, training, type of contract, years of experience and quota. Main results: Both indicators for intervention group were significantly greater than for control group (P < .0005), with a 95% confidence interval (2.5-4.7). The ratio of the percentage of cumu lative increase of both variables between areas was 3.73 times higher after the intervention. No differences were found for the evaluated categories of physicians in the intervention group. Conclusions: Intervention strategies aimed at training and information, as well as monitoring health professionals, influence the pattern of prescription and can have an economic impact. Our results have not been influenced by the profile of the prescriber.

Allele frequency distribution and statistical parameters of forensic efficiency concerning the Investigator Argus X-12 kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) were determined in a total sample of 641 unrelated Mexican females, including two Mestizo–admixed– populations (n = 309) and seven Amerindian groups (n = 332) from the main regions of the country. Most of the 12 X-STRs were in agreement with Hardy-Weinberg expectations in all nine Mexican populations. The power of discrimination in females (PD) and Median exclusion chance for trios (MECT) and duos (MECD) of this genetic system based on X-STRs were > 99.99%. Although Mexican populations showed significant pairwise differentiation, a closer relationship was evident between Amerindian groups and nearby Mestizos, in agreement with historical records, previous genetic studies, and X-linked inheritance pattern expectations., CONACYT (Mexico), Qiagen (Mexico), Logitlab (QFB Fermin Mercado-Payan)(Mexico), Depto. de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Fac. de Ciencias Biológicas, TRUE, pub

En los últimos años el e-learning ha aumentado mucho su demanda. Es por ello que se pretende construir una herramienta de aprendizaje en línea que acerque de una forma dinámica y accesible al público universitario y general al conocimiento de Filipinas y el Pacífico; promoviendo así el diálogo entre ciencia y sociedad. Un área de estudio que a pesar de su importancia, continúa estando poco tratada en los actuales planes de estudio de la Universidad española. Entre los objetivos a alcanzar con la presente propuesta está el de realizar una serie de materiales y recursos didácticos creados específicamente con un fin docente (presentaciones de power point, colección de documentos e imágenes comentados, etc.). Y que podrán ser consultados de forma libre y gratuita. El Proyecto -integrado por varios investigadores y estudiantes procedentes de dos Facultades y tres Departamentos de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid- se adecua a las líneas prioritarias de la convocatoria Innova-Docencia. Además serviría para profundizar en los vínculos históricos de España con la región de Asia-Pacífico, que en la actualidad es una de las más dinámicas del mundo desde el punto de vista económico y político.

Recurrent low-grade serous ovarian cancer (LGSOC) is considered relatively chemoresistant; until more effective chemotherapy approaches become available, surgical management remains the mainstay of treatment. However, some subtypes of LGSOC behave distinctly differently from high-grade SOC. The upregulation of estrogen and progesterone receptors in ovarian cancer suggests hormone therapy as a possible treatment modality. Our patient was a 75-year-old woman with advanced low-grade papillary serous ovarian cancer. In consultation, supported by appropriate histopathological examination and immunohistochemical study to guide the treatment decisions, our Gynaecological Oncology Multi-Disciplinary Team recommended primary debulking surgery. The patient underwent surgery followed by hormone therapy with letrozole, after declining bevacizumab-containing adjuvant chemotherapy. Eighteen months of ongoing monitoring has shown no signs of progressive disease and stable tumor markers. This case highlights the importance of initial assessment by a multidisciplinary team experienced in gynecological oncology, together with knowledge of the tumor biology, to determine effective treatment strategies for the management of advanced LGSOC.

Background: Despite the widespread introduction of screening programs, cervical cancer remains an important health problem, particularly in developing countries. Treatment options for patients with metastatic cancer and persistent or recurrent disease after curative therapy are limited and represent an unmet medical need. Patients and Methods: We report three clinical cases of metastatic cervical cancer in women treated with the combination of carboplatin, paclitaxel and bevacizumab. We also discuss current and future therapy for metastatic or recurrent cervical cancer, including ongoing investigations into the addition of bevacizumab to carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy and the role of bevacizumab as maintenance therapy. Results and Conclusion: All three women received clinical benefit from the combination, including one complete and two partial responses. The tolerability of bevacizumab was excellent. Carboplatin/paclitaxel appears to be an acceptable and better tolerated alternative to cisplatin/paclitaxel in advanced or recurrent/persistent disease, and the carboplatin/paclitaxel/bevacizumab combination is under investigation for metastatic, recurrent or persistent cervical cancer in clinical trials such as the CECILIA trial (NCT02467907); the awaited results will add to the evidence for the use of this combination chemotherapy regimen in advanced cervical cancer.