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3,174 results on '"Gilbert, N."'

152. Carbon dioxide and the climate

Author

Plass, Gilbert N.

Subjects
Carbon dioxide -- Environmental aspects -- Properties -- Research, Climatic changes -- Research -- Environmental aspects, Earth -- Natural history -- Research -- Environmental aspects
Abstract

Scientists have long been fascinated with the problem of explaining variations in the climate. For at least nine-tenths of the time since the beginning of recorded geological history, the average [...]

Published
2010

158. Cohomology and extensions of ordered groupoids.

Author

Bainson, B. O. and Gilbert, N. D.

Subjects
*COCYCLES, *GROUPOIDS, *CLASSIFICATION
Abstract

We adapt and generalize results of Loganathan on the cohomology of inverse semigroups to the cohomology of ordered groupoids. We then derive a five-term exact sequence in cohomology from an extension of ordered groupoids, and show that this sequence leads to a classification of extensions by a second cohomology group. Our methods use structural ideas in cohomology as far as possible, rather than computation with cocycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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159. Controls on Nitrous Oxide Production in, and Fluxes from a Coastal Aquifer in Long Island, NY, USA

Author

Caitlin Young, Jonathan B. Martin, and Gilbert N. Hanson

Subjects
nitrous oxide, coastal aquifer, submarine groundwater discharge, subterranean estuary, denitrification, Long Island Sound, Naval architecture. Shipbuilding. Marine engineering, VM1-989, Oceanography, GC1-1581
Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) has 265 times greater greenhouse potential than carbon dioxide and its atmospheric concentration has increased by about 20% since industrialization; however, N2O production and emissions from aquatic systems are poorly constrained. To evaluate N2O fluxes associated with meteoric groundwater discharge to coastal zones, we measured N2O concentrations in May and October 2011 from two discharge points of the Upper Glacial aquifer on Long Island, NY, USA. One coastal zone contains only fresh water and the other contains an upper saline zone. N2O concentrations decreased by around 40% for the fresh water and a factor of two for the salt water from May to October, 2011. Fluxes were around 100 to 200 times greater from the freshwater (246 to 448 µmol/m shoreline/day) than saltwater aquifer (26.1 to 26.5 µmol/m shoreline/day). N2O concentrations correlate positively with NO3− and dissolved oxygen concentrations and negatively with salinity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and N2 denitrification concentrations. The smaller saltwater N2O export resulted from DOC enrichment in the upper saline zone, which appears to have driven denitrification to completion, removed N2O, and increased N2 denitrification. DOC concentrations should be considered in global N2O flux estimates for coastal aquifers.

Published
2016
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161. Quality Assurance and Institutional Research for University Strategic Management

Author

Gilbert N. Likando and Ngepathimo Kadhila

Subjects
Institutional research, Process management, business.industry, 0502 economics and business, 05 social sciences, 050301 education, Strategic management, business, 0503 education, Quality assurance, 050203 business & management
Abstract

Strategic management in higher education (HE) has become data-reliant. Most higher education institutions (HEIs) all over the world have implemented quality assurance (QA) and institutional research (IR) with the purpose of generating data that that would assist in evidence-based decision making for better strategic management. However, data generated through QA and IR processes have to be integrated and streamlined in order to successfully inform strategic management. One of the challenges facing higher education institutions is to integrate the data generated by QA and IR processes effectively. This chapter examines examples of good practice for integrating the data generated by these processes for use as tools to inform strategic management, using the University of Namibia as a reference point. The chapter offers suggestions on how higher education institutions may be assisted to overcome challenges when integrating the outcomes of QA and IR processes in order to close the quality loop through effective strategic management.

Published
2020
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162. Computational models that matter during a global pandemic outbreak: A call to action

Author

Squazzoni, F, Polhill, JG, Edmonds, B, Ahrweiler, P, Antosz, P, Scholz, G, Chappin, E, Borit, M, Verhagen, H, Giardini, F, Gilbert, N, Squazzoni, F, Polhill, JG, Edmonds, B, Ahrweiler, P, Antosz, P, Scholz, G, Chappin, E, Borit, M, Verhagen, H, Giardini, F, and Gilbert, N

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is causing a dramatic loss of lives worldwide, challenging the sustainability of our health care systems, threatening economic meltdown, and putting pressure on the mental health of individuals (due to social distancing and lock-down measures). The pandemic is also posing severe challenges to the scientific community, with scholars under pressure to respond to policymakers’ demands for advice despite the absence of adequate, trusted data. Understanding the pandemic requires fine-grained data representing specific local conditions and the social reactions of individuals. While experts have built simulation models to estimate disease trajectories that may be enough to guide decision-makers to formulate policy measures to limit the epidemic, they do not cover the full behavioural and social complexity of societies under pandemic crisis. Modelling that has such a large potential impact upon people’s lives is a great responsibility. This paper calls on the scientific community to improve the transparency, access, and rigour of their models. It also calls on stakeholders to improve the rapidity with which data from trusted sources are released to the community (in a fully responsible manner). Responding to the pandemic is a stress test of our collaborative capacity and the social/economic value of research.

Published
2020

163. Guidelines on the Diagnosis, Clinical Assessments, Treatment and Management for CLN2 Disease Patients

Author

Mole, S, Schulz, A, Badoe, E, Berkovic, S, Reyes, EDL, Dulz, S, Gissen, P, Gilbert, N, Lourenco, C, Mink, J, Murphy, N, Nickel, M, Olaya, J, Scarpa, M, Scheffer, I, Simonati, A, Specchio, N, Von Lobbecke, I, Wang, R, Williams, R, Mole, S, Schulz, A, Badoe, E, Berkovic, S, Reyes, EDL, Dulz, S, Gissen, P, Gilbert, N, Lourenco, C, Mink, J, Murphy, N, Nickel, M, Olaya, J, Scarpa, M, Scheffer, I, Simonati, A, Specchio, N, Von Lobbecke, I, Wang, R, and Williams, R

Abstract

Background:

CLN2 disease (Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis Type 2), or Late-Infantile Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (LINCL), is an ultra-rare, neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease, caused by an enzyme deficiency of tripeptidyl peptidase 1 (TPP1). Lack of disease awareness and the non-specificity of presenting symptoms often leads to delayed diagnosis. These guidelines provide robust evidence-based, expert-agreed recommendations on the risks/benefits of disease-modifying treatments and the medical interventions used to manage this condition.

Methods:

An expert mapping tool process was developed ranking multidisciplinary professionals, with knowledge of CLN2 disease, diagnostic or management experience of CLN2 disease, or family support professionals. Individuals were sequentially approached to identify two chairs, ensuring that the process was transparent and unbiased. A systematic literature review of published evidence using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidance was independently and simultaneously conducted to develop key statements based upon the strength of the publications. Clinical care statements formed the basis of an international modified Delphi consensus determination process using the virtual meeting (Within3) online platform which requested experts to agree or disagree with any changes. Statements reaching the consensus mark became the guiding statements within this manuscript, which were subsequently assessed against the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREEII) criteria.

Results:

: Twenty-one international experts from 7 different specialities, including a patient advocate, were identified. Fifty-three guideline statements were developed covering 13 domains: General Description and Statements, Diagnostics, Clinical Recommendations and Management, Assessments, Interventions and Treatment, Additional Care Considerations, Social Care Considerations, Pain

Published
2020

164. Key questions for modelling COVID-19 exit strategies

Author

Thompson, RN, Hollingsworth, TD, Isham, V, Arribas-Bel, D, Ashby, B, Britton, T, Challenor, P, Chappell, LHK, Clapham, H, Cunniffe, NJ, Dawid, AP, Donnelly, CA, Eggo, RM, Funk, S, Gilbert, N, Glendinning, P, Gog, JR, Hart, WS, Heesterbeek, H, House, T, Keeling, M, Kiss, IZ, Kretzschmar, ME, Lloyd, AL, McBryde, ES, McCaw, JM, McKinley, TJ, Miller, JC, Morris, M, O'Neill, PD, Parag, K, Pearson, CAB, Pellis, L, Pulliam, JRC, Ross, J, Tomba, GS, Silverman, BW, Struchiner, CJ, Tildesley, MJ, Trapman, P, Webb, CR, Mollison, D, Restif, O, Thompson, RN, Hollingsworth, TD, Isham, V, Arribas-Bel, D, Ashby, B, Britton, T, Challenor, P, Chappell, LHK, Clapham, H, Cunniffe, NJ, Dawid, AP, Donnelly, CA, Eggo, RM, Funk, S, Gilbert, N, Glendinning, P, Gog, JR, Hart, WS, Heesterbeek, H, House, T, Keeling, M, Kiss, IZ, Kretzschmar, ME, Lloyd, AL, McBryde, ES, McCaw, JM, McKinley, TJ, Miller, JC, Morris, M, O'Neill, PD, Parag, K, Pearson, CAB, Pellis, L, Pulliam, JRC, Ross, J, Tomba, GS, Silverman, BW, Struchiner, CJ, Tildesley, MJ, Trapman, P, Webb, CR, Mollison, D, and Restif, O

Abstract

Combinations of intense non-pharmaceutical interventions (lockdowns) were introduced worldwide to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Many governments have begun to implement exit strategies that relax restrictions while attempting to control the risk of a surge in cases. Mathematical modelling has played a central role in guiding interventions, but the challenge of designing optimal exit strategies in the face of ongoing transmission is unprecedented. Here, we report discussions from the Isaac Newton Institute 'Models for an exit strategy' workshop (11-15 May 2020). A diverse community of modellers who are providing evidence to governments worldwide were asked to identify the main questions that, if answered, would allow for more accurate predictions of the effects of different exit strategies. Based on these questions, we propose a roadmap to facilitate the development of reliable models to guide exit strategies. This roadmap requires a global collaborative effort from the scientific community and policymakers, and has three parts: (i) improve estimation of key epidemiological parameters; (ii) understand sources of heterogeneity in populations; and (iii) focus on requirements for data collection, particularly in low-to-middle-income countries. This will provide important information for planning exit strategies that balance socio-economic benefits with public health.

Published
2020

165. Effect of Seminar on Compassion on student self-compassion, mindfulness and well-being: A randomized controlled trial

Author

Emily R. Dalrymple, Lisa E. Olson, Sarah J. Grimley, Gilbert N. Chavez, Fran Grace, and Celine M. Ko

Subjects
Male, 050103 clinical psychology, Stress management, Mindfulness, Psychotherapist, Adolescent, Universities, media_common.quotation_subject, Psychological intervention, Poison control, 050109 social psychology, Compassion, Anxiety, law.invention, Young Adult, Randomized controlled trial, law, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Students, media_common, Depression, 05 social sciences, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Mental Health, Well-being, Female, Self Report, Empathy, alpha-Amylases, Psychology, Stress, Psychological, Self-compassion
Abstract

Mindfulness-based interventions have been shown to have psychological benefits in college students. We explored the effects of an academic Seminar on Compassion on student psychological health.Forty-one participants (14 male, 27 female, mean age 19.8 ± 1.4 years) were assessed pre- and post- spring semesters 2013 and 2014.Students were randomized to the Seminar on Compassion or a wait-list control group. Participants completed self-report measures on anxiety, depression, perceived stress, self-compassion, compassion and mindfulness. Salivary alpha-amylase was also assessed.At baseline, self-compassion and mindfulness were negatively correlated with depression, anxiety, and perceived stress. There were significant changes between the intervention and control group from Time 1 to Time 2 in mindfulness, self-compassion, compassion, and salivary alpha-amylase; however, there were no significant changes in depression, anxiety, and perceived stress.The course was effective in increasing mindfulness, self-compassion and compassion, and decreasing a salivary marker of stress.

Published
2018
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168. Workgroup report: public health strategies for reducing aflatoxin exposure in developing countries

Author

Strosnider, Heather, Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo, Banziger, Marianne, Bhat, Ramesh V., Breiman, Robert, Brune, Marie-Noel, DeCock, Kevin, Dilley, Abby, Groopman, John, Hell, Kerstin, Henry, Sara H., Jeffers, Daniel, Jolly, Curtis, Jolly, Pauline, Kibata, Gilbert N., Lewis, Lauren, Liu, Xiumei, Luber, George, McCoy, Leslie, Mensah, Patience, Miraglia, Marina, Misore, Ambrose, Njapau, Henry, Ong, Choon-Nam, Onsongo, Mary T.K., Page, Samuel W., Park, Douglas, Patel, Masish, Phillips, Timothy, Pineiro, Maya, Pronczuk, Jenny, Rogers, Helen Schurz, Rubin, Carol, Sabino, Myrna, Schaafsma, Arthur, Shephard, Gordon, Stroka, Joerg, Wild, Christopher, Williams, Jonathan T., and Wilson, David

Subjects
United States. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, World Health Organization, Developing countries -- Health aspects, Public health -- Health aspects
Abstract

Consecutive outbreaks of acute aflatoxicosis in Kenya in 2004 and 2005 caused > 150 deaths. In response, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization convened [...]

Published
2006

170. The Impact of Recycled Neonatal Incubators in Nigeria: A 6-Year Follow-Up Study

Author

Hippolite Onyejiaka Amadi, Jonathan C. Azubuike, Uriah S. Etawo, Uduak R. Offiong, Chinyere Ezeaka, Eyinade Olateju, Gilbert N. Adimora, Akin Osibogun, Ngozi Ibeziako, Edna O. Iroha, Abdulhameed I. Dutse, Christian O. Chukwu, Eugene E. Okpere, Mohammed B. Kawuwa, Aliyu U. El-Nafaty, Sulyman A. Kuranga, and Olugbenga Ayodeji Mokuolu

Subjects
Pediatrics, RJ1-570
Abstract

Nigeria has a record of high newborn mortality as an estimated 778 babies die daily, accounting for a ratio of 48 deaths per 1000 live births. The aim of this paper was to show how a deteriorating neonatal delivery system in Nigeria may have, in part, been improved by the application of a novel recycled incubator technique (RIT). Retrospective assessment of clinical, technical, and human factors in 15 Nigerian neonatal centres was carried out to investigate how the application of RIT impacted these factors. Pre-RIT and post-RIT neonatal mortalities were compared by studying case files. Effect on neonatal nursing was studied through questionnaires that were completed by 79 nurses from 9 centres across the country. Technical performance was assessed based on 10-indices scores from clinicians and nurses. The results showed an increase in neonatal survival, nursing enthusiasm, and practice confidence. Appropriately recycled incubators are good substitutes to the less affordable modern incubators in boosting neonatal practice outcome in low-income countries.

Published
2010
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171. Using U-Pb ages of Miocene tufa for correlation in a terrestrial succession, Barstow Formation, California

Author

Cole, Jennifer M., Rasbury, E. Troy, Hanson, Gilbert N., Montanez, Isabel P., and Pedone, Vicki A.

Subjects
Geology -- Research, Lakes -- Research, Geochronology -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

Sedimentary rocks and associated fossils are the direct record of past life and its environmental context. Few methods allow direct and precise dating of this important archive, making it difficult to correlate climate, biologic, and tectonic events preserved in terrestrial records. We sampled lacustrine tufa calcite from the middle member of the Miocene Barstow Formation to further test the feasibility of uranium-lead dating of terrestrial carbonates. Five samples yield U-Pb ages (2[sigma]) of 14.81 [+ or -] 0.39 Ma, 15.30 [+ or -] 0.25 Ma, 15.39 [+ or -] 0.15 Ma, 16.14 [+ or -] 0.40 Ma, and 16.24 [+ or -] 0.23 Ma. These precise ages are consistent with existing ages from K-Ar and [sup.40]Ar/[sup.39]Ar dating of intercalated volcanic ashes. Our most precise U-Pb age on tufa has an uncertainty of Keywords: geochronology, continental stratigraphy, uranium-lead method, calcite, lakes.

Published
2005

175. Power asymmetry, adaptation and collaboration in dyadic relationships involving a powerful partner

Author

Nyaga, Gilbert N., Lynch, Daniel F., Marshall, Donna, and Ambrose, Eamonn

Subjects
Management techniques -- Evaluation, Management -- Evaluation, Supply chains -- Analysis -- Management, Logistics -- Analysis -- Management, Company business management, Business, general, Business
Abstract

Buyer-supplier relationships involve dyadic interactions, but there is a dearth of empirical dyadic analysis of these relationships. While relationships with a power balance between partners do exist, relationships typically occur in the context of power asymmetry. This study examines how perceptions of power use and prevailing relationship quality in dyadic relationships characterized by substantial power asymmetry affect behavioral and operational outcomes. Hierarchical regression is used to analyze data from a dyadic survey of relationships of a brand-name buying organization and its suppliers. Results indicate that power use affects partner behavior and operational performance, but the nature of the relationship dictates which power sources are most appropriate. In addition, the mediation effect of power imbalance shows that both relational and transactional factors can play an important role in supply chain exchanges. Keywords: dyadic relationships; power asymmetry; adaptation; collaboration; relationship quality; transaction cost economics; social exchange theory, INTRODUCTION Managing supply chain relationships continues to be a challenge for many firms even as such relationships become more prevalent in contemporary business practice. Increasingly, companies of different sizes, providing [...]

Published
2013

184. Structural and compositional defects in high-Jc Bi-2223 tapes

Author

Holesinger, Terry G., Bingert, John F., Willis, Jeffrey O., Li, Qi, Parrella, Ronald D., Teplitsky, Mark D., Rupich, Martin W., and Riley, Gilbert N., Jr.

Subjects
High temperature superconductivity -- Research, High temperature superconductors -- Analysis, Metallic films -- Analysis, Thin films -- Analysis, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A study analyzed one 85-filament and two 19-filament high critical current density Bi-2223 tapes from the short transverse section, longitudinal transverse section and plan views using transmission electron microscopy. A significant number of defect structures operating on different length scales were discovered that may be potential current transport limiting mechanisms. Signifiant improvements in current critical densities above 70 kA/cm2 of Bi-2223 tapes are clearly still possible with further reductions of the number of defects especially those in the macroscale level.

Published
1999

186. Active background choice facilitates crypsis in a tropical crab

Author

Lauren Epple, Floria M. K. Uy, Patricia P. Aresty, J. Albert C. Uy, Jeffrey Aresty, Sterling F. Jeffries, Raymond M. Audett, Suvetha Ravichandran, Kelvin Chen, Phallon Tullis-Joyce, Gilbert N. Serein, and Krisha S. Patel

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, education.field_of_study, Ecology, Population, Ocypode pallidula, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Predation, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Camouflage, Crypsis, Substrate specificity, Ghost crab, education, Predator, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

Animals can evade predators in multiple ways, one of the most effective of which is to avoid detection in the first place. We know much about the evolution of color patterns that match the visual background to avoid detection (i.e., crypsis), yet we know surprisingly less about the specific behaviors that have co-evolved with these morphological traits to enhance or maintain crypsis. We here explore whether the match between body color and background in a seemingly well-camouflaged tropical shore crab is a result of active background choice. Taking advantage of a coastal area in the Solomon Islands with variable sand color and a population of the pallid ghost crab Ocypode pallidula with varying carapace color, we experimentally tested whether individuals actively choose specific substrate that best matches their color patterns. We found that individuals taken from extreme sand colors chose substrate that maintained crypsis, with relatively darker crabs typically choosing dark sand and lighter crabs choosing light sand. Crabs of intermediate color pattern, in contrast, showed no clear preference for dark or light sand. Our results suggest that potential prey can actively choose specific backgrounds to enhance and maintain crypsis, providing insights into how behavior interacts with morphological traits to avoid predator detection.

Published
2017
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197. Petrologic and 40Ar/39Ar geochronological constraints on the middle to late Paleozoic thermotectonic history of the southern Connecticut Valley zone, New England Appalachians

Author

Moecher, David P., Cosca, Michael A., and Hanson, Gilbert N.

Subjects
Appalachian region -- Natural history, New England -- Natural history, Petrology -- Analysis, Geology, Stratigraphic -- Paleozoic, Geology, Structural -- Research, Mountains -- New England, Earth sciences
Abstract

New 40Ar/39Ar data from The Straits Schist and interlayered formations in the southernmost Connecticut Valley zone of the northern Appalachian orogen, together with published 40Ar/30Ar and U-Pb data, are used to account for relatively rapid Devonian (post-Acadian) cooling of gneisses and schists near the Waterbury dome and slower Devonian through Permian cooling in structurally higher schists south of the dome. Metamorphic hornblende 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages range from 374 Ma 10 km south of the Waterbury dome to 324 Ma 15 to 40 km south of the dome. Muscovite 40Ar/39Ar cooling ages also decrease to the south, from 318 to 254 Ma. The ages from the southernmost Connecticut Valley zone are as much as 50 and 100 m.y. younger than hornblende and muscovite, respectively, from the Waterbury dome. The difference in cooling histories between the Waterbury dome and southern Connecticut Valley zone is interpreted to be a result of relatively slower cooling in the southern Connecticut Valley zone following Acadian metamorphism and/or a static Pennsylvanian (Alleghanian) thermal event that reset the muscovite K/Ar system, promoted growth of fine-grained monazite, and resulted in partial melting of the crust beneath the southern Connecticut Valley zone. Such a thermal event would have been contemporaneous with Alleghanian orogenesis in Appalachian terranes in southeastern New England, but the mechanism for generating a Pennsylvanian thermal pulse is still unknown.

Published
1997

199. Foreword

Author

Atkinson, M D, primary, Gilbert, N D, additional, Howie, J, additional, Linton, S A, additional, and Robertson, E F, additional

Published
2000
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200. Hyperpolarization of Pyridyl Fentalogues by Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange (SABRE)

Author

Robertson, TBR, Antonides, LH, Gilbert, N, Benjamin, SL, Langley, SK, Munro, LJ, Sutcliffe, OB, Mewis, RE, Robertson, TBR, Antonides, LH, Gilbert, N, Benjamin, SL, Langley, SK, Munro, LJ, Sutcliffe, OB, and Mewis, RE

Abstract

© 2019 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. Fentanyl, also known as ‘jackpot’, is a synthetic opiate that is 50–100 times more potent than morphine. Clandestine laboratories produce analogues of fentanyl, known as fentalogues to circumvent legislation regarding its production. Three pyridyl fentalogues were synthesized and then hyperpolarized by signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) to appraise the forensic potential of the technique. A maximum enhancement of -168-fold at 1.4 T was recorded for the ortho pyridyl 1H nuclei. Studies of the activation parameters for the three fentalogues revealed that the ratio of ligand loss trans to hydride and hydride loss in the complex [Ir(IMes)(L)3(H)2]+ (IMes=1,3-bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)imidazole-2-ylidene) ranged from 0.52 to 1.83. The fentalogue possessing the ratio closest to unity produced the largest enhancement subsequent to performing SABRE at earth's magnetic field. It was possible to hyperpolarize a pyridyl fentalogue selectively from a matrix that consisted largely of heroin (97 : 3 heroin:fentalogue) to validate the use of SABRE as a forensic tool.

Published
2019

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