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33,788 results on '"Georgetown University"'

151. Parent and Student Voices on the First Year of the DC Opportunity Scholarship Program. SCDP Report 05-01

Author

Georgetown University, School Choice Demonstration Project (SCDP), Stewart, Thomas, Wolf, Patrick J., and Cornman, Stephen Q.

Abstract

On January 23, 2004, President Bush signed the DC School Choice Incentive Act into law. This landmark piece of legislation included $14 million in funding for what would come to be called the DC Opportunity Scholarship Program (OSP). The OSP is the first federally funded K-12 scholarship program in the country and is designed to provide approximately 1,700 low-income DC children with tuition scholarships worth up to $7,500 to cover the costs of attending participating K-12 nonpublic schools in the District. The pilot program is authorized to operate for five years and is being implemented by a group of non-profit organizations headed by the Washington Scholarship Fund (WSF). In addition to extending educational choices to an economically disadvantaged group of DC families, the OSP also provides the opportunity to learn more about what happens when more families have the opportunity and responsibility to choose a private school for their children. The U.S. Department of Education, through the Institute for Education Sciences, has contracted for the conduct of a rigorous experimental evaluation of the impact of the Program on a number of student outcomes including student achievement. In this report, the authors provide information from a separate, independent, qualitative assessment of how families are experiencing the Program, including why they are seeking choice, how they are selecting schools, what challenges they are facing, and how parents, students, schools, and the OSP are working to try to realize the goals of the Program. Included in the report is information about what seems to be working well, what problems have been encountered along the way, and recommendations from parents and students regarding how the Program can better serve their needs. The information presented in this report was gleaned from 12 focus groups conducted in the fall of 2004 and the spring of 2005 with the parents and older students of 45 families participating in the OSP who volunteered to participate. Most of the material in the main body of the report consists of actual quotes from parents and students regarding matters that are central to the theoretical and policy debates surrounding school choice. A representative selection of participant quotes is available in the summary document that accompanies this more comprehensive report. For this executive summary, the authors simply provide their own overview of the pattern of responses that they encountered while analyzing the qualitative focus group data. Appendices include: (1) Research Approach; (2) Focus Group Guides; and (3) WSF Policies and Documents. (Contains 5 tables, 1 figure and 191 footnotes.)

Published
2005

152. Families as Primary Partners in their Child's Development and School Readiness

Author

Georgetown University Center for Child and Human Development and Seitzinger Hepburn, Kathy

Abstract

The purpose of this tool kit is to provide guidance, resource materials and references that will assist communities in working with families as primary partners in their child's development and school readiness. By recognizing and building the capacity of parents as their child's first educator and engaging parents as decision makers for their child and leaders in the agencies and organizations that serve them, communities can strengthen families and support young children being ready for school.

Published
2004

153. Two Years in Early Care and Education: A Community Portrait of Quality and Workforce Stability

Author

Center for the Study of Child Care Employment Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Whitebook, Marcy, Phillips, Deborah, Bellm, Dan, Crowell, Nancy, Almaraz, Mirella, and Jo, Joon Yong

Abstract

As we enter a new century, Americans are engaged in a serious national debate about the future of education. Much of the policy discussion about educational reform is focused on the school achievement gap between children of low-income families and other children, and on the stated goal of assuring "no child left behind." Research has attributed this gap to an array of problems including poverty and community violence (Barton, 2003), but studies of education have also shown that this gap among children tends to widen as they progress through school, with poor children receiving poorer-quality education in classrooms led by less-qualified teachers (Shields et al., 1999). In practice, a central goal of reform is to ensure that children of all ages receive the same quality of education--no matter where they live, what their economic status or racial or ethnic identity may be, or what kind of program or school their families choose for them. Growing documentation that the gap originates in the extremely variable levels of readiness with which American children enter Kindergarten (Shonkoff & Phillips, 2000), and that high-quality early care and education can help narrow this gap (Barnett, 1998; Barnett, Tarr, Lamy & Frede, 1999, 2001; Bowman, Donovan & Burns, 2001; Gormley & Phillips, 2003; Marshall et al., 2001), has led many to support high-quality, universally-available preschool programs.

Published
2004

159. Funding Student Types: How States Can Mine Their Own Data to Guide Finance Policy on High-Needs Students. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab and Roza, Marguerite

Abstract

The expectation in this country is that all students should be able to succeed in school. Yet new data and accountability agendas have heightened attention to performance disparities between students with different identifiable needs--needs that stem from poverty, disability, or limited English proficiency. Educators and policymakers know that such students often arrive at school with myriad challenges that call for increased resources to help them reach their full potential. To address gaps in student performance, many policymakers look to adjust the state's funding formula. Some layer on funds for specific programs or services, while others push for a wholesale overhaul of the way resources are allocated (e.g., advocating for a student based allocation system). But many policymakers find themselves trying to do this work in the dark. This brief offers guidance to help state policymakers ask the right questions and tap their own data when designing funding policies to serve high-needs students.

Published
2017

163. Breaking Tradition: A Fixed-Dollar Pay Raise Strategy That Benefits Teachers and School Districts. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab and Roza, Marguerite

Abstract

Teacher compensation is driven largely by teacher longevity. While it's true that wages in many fields generally increase with experience, what differs in teaching is the degree to which pay is linked to seniority. And compared to other professions, teaching has more heavily back-loaded pay -- meaning a disproportionate share of earnings comes late in a career. This analysis explores the extent to which teacher salary policies favor the most senior teachers, examines the consequences of this tradition, and discusses how districts might distribute the same total salary dollars via fixed-dollar increments to all teachers (instead of using fixed percentages). This would raise salaries in teachers' earlier years, without changing their lifetime earnings. Doing so could help school systems strengthen their teaching forces in several ways, without costing the district more, creating a fairer arrangement that may help school systems in the long run. This report examines one slice of the salary pie that school districts potentially have the power to adjust regardless of how many new dollars are available to raise wages.

Published
2015

164. Oral Type I Collagen for Relieving Scleroderma

Author

Wayne State University, University of California, Los Angeles, UTHSC, Medical University of South Carolina, Beth Israel Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Johns Hopkins University, Georgetown University, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Northwestern University, and Arnold E. Postlethwaite, MD

Published
2010

165. Turning a Benefits Conundrum into a Potential Opportunity for Teachers and Students. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab and Roza, Marguerite

Abstract

Labor, in the form of wages and benefits, makes up most of the costs of schooling. Much has been written about wages--especially the idea that we need to make salaries more competitive to attract a stronger labor pool. Analysts pay less attention to benefits, except to bemoan the rising cost of them. But as a portion of labor compensation, we find, benefits are growing faster than salaries. Higher benefits costs mean fewer dollars for other purposes--not just salaries, but also technology, facilities, curricular materials, and more. This analysis examines the per-teacher cost of benefits, both on an annual basis and a weekly basis, relative to costs in other professional industries. Because the work year is shorter in teaching than in other industries, the cost of benefits per week of labor is substantially higher. Some analysts suggest curbing costs by reducing benefits packages. Instead, this report proposes changes to the work year. By increasing the number of weeks in the contracts for instructional staff, school systems could get the most for their benefits dollars, teachers could make more money overall, and students could be given new opportunities for when and how to learn.

Published
2015

166. Paying the Best Teachers More to Teach More Students. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab, Roza, Marguerite, and Warco, Amanda

Abstract

On top of many policymakers' wish lists is increased teacher pay. Particular attention also has focused on mechanisms such as merit pay to target rewards to the most effective teachers and keep them in the classroom. Yet resources are constrained. Raising pay for some or all teachers inevitably takes funds away from some other element of schooling. With little likelihood of surplus education funding in the foreseeable future, many pay overhauls have stalled or been scrapped entirely. But there is a way forward that would yield higher pay without fiscal sacrifice, new analysis shows: increasing the class sizes of only the most effective teachers. Targeted increases in class size would require fewer teachers overall and the savings from the reduced number of teachers could be repurposed as bonuses for the teachers taking on larger classes. This fiscal analysis explores teacher cost and enrollment data in one district to quantify the amount of funds available for teacher bonuses associated with strategic class size increases of three students for the most effective teachers.

Published
2015

167. The Real Deal on K-12 Staffing. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab, Simpkins, Jim, and Roza, Marguerite

Abstract

In the absence of reliable estimates of national K-12 staffing, Jim Simpkins and Marguerite Roza compile data from several national sources to determine historical K-12 staffing ratios. Their analysis finds that staffing ratios across K-12 education have risen precipitously over several decades and, despite the impact of the Great Recession, remain at 2004 levels. A state-by-state comparison reveals large disparities across states.

Published
2014

168. How Late-Career Raises Drive Teacher-Pension Debt. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab, Roza, Marguerite, and Jonovski, Jessica

Abstract

Teacher salary decisions are often made with little connection to the pension obligations they entail. In this paper, authors Marguerite Roza and Jessica Jonovski model the impacts of late-term raises on teacher pension obligations showing that on average each dollar raise triggers $10 to $16 in new taxpayer obligations. The authors provide suggestions to mitigate such impacts while improving incentives for early and mid career teachers.

Published
2014

172. Recombinant Human Relaxin in the Treatment of Diffuse Scleroderma

Author

University of California, Los Angeles, Boston University, University of Chicago, UConn Health, Johns Hopkins University, University of Pittsburgh, Medical University of South Carolina, Stanford University, Georgetown University, University of California, San Diego, Wayne State University, University of Colorado, Denver, Medical College of Wisconsin, and James R. Seibold

Published
2008

173. Healthy Outcomes of Pregnancy Education

Author

Children's National Research Institute, Georgetown University, George Washington University, Howard University, and RTI International

Published
2006

174. Civic Vitality and Public Education Productivity: The Harbormaster Mayor. Rapid Response

Author

Georgetown University, Edunomics Lab, Reinoso, Victor, and Roza, Marguerite

Abstract

The strength and effectiveness of the American public school system has risen to the top of our national agenda in a way not seen since the Cold War. In short, the civic health of communities, the states, and the nation is inextricably entwined with the capacity and the potency of public schools. In this brief, the authors argue that mayors, as the person responsible for a municipality's overall well-being, are uniquely positioned to identify and promote productive school models and advocate for all students, regardless of what type of school they attend. Whether or not a mayor has any direct or formal role in its management, the strength of their city's local school offerings reflects on the municipality. It is also true that resources for public education are inherently limited. While some cities are feeling more financial pressure than others, none have unlimited funds. That means municipal and education leaders always face choices about where to put those scarce resources. While schools operate with funds from federal, state, and local sources (and sometimes a share of municipal monies), there are policies that emerge about what schools should operate and for whom.

Published
2014

176. Ozone Diplomacy

Author

Richard Elliot Benedick, World Wildlife Fund (U.S.), Georgetown University.

Published
2009

177. Craft Your Career

Author

Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce

Subjects
ComputingMilieux_THECOMPUTINGPROFESSION, academic skills, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, labor market, degrees, academic--United States
Abstract

This report points out foundational, software and specialized skills by employers from online job postings. Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce

Published
2020

179. Evaluación de la política de equidad en la salud en la Región de las Américas

Author

O'Neill Institute Georgetown University and O'Neill Institute Georgetown University

Abstract

Región de las Américas ha priorizado el logro de la equidad en la salud —“la ausencia de diferencias evitables o remediables entre grupos de personas definidos desde un punto de vista social, económico o geográfico” según la Organización Mundial de la Salud— tanto mediante los acuerdos regionales, como la Agenda de Salud Sostenible para las Américas 2018-2030, como mediante la información sobre el progreso hacia la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible y sus Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Las políticas del sector público son el instrumento inicial principal mediante el cual los gobiernos locales y nacionales establecen y financian las medidas para acelerar el logro de la equidad en la salud. En este estudio, se evaluaron 32 planes nacionales de salud para determinar si los países de la Región están integrando el logro de la equidad en la salud en las líneas estratégicas de acción del sector de la salud, y la manera en que lo están haciendo. Además, se proporciona un panorama general de los enfoques y los logros, lo que permite el intercambio de conocimientos entre los países en relación con las opciones que posibilitan tener en cuenta la equidad en las políticas en materia de salud. Esta evaluación también facilitará el futuro seguimiento de las tendencias en la integración de los objetivos y los enfoques de la equidad en la salud en las políticas.En el estudio se encontró que es común establecer un compromiso general con la equidad en la salud, como los compromisos con respecto al desglose de los datos y al seguimiento de las desigualdades, mientras que otros aspectos de la equidad en la salud, como la determinación de los grupos poblacionales en situación de vulnerabilidad, reciben menos atención. Si bien es necesario investigar más la aplicación y las repercusiones de los enfoques en las medidas programáticas específicas, en el estudio se brindan algunas apreciaciones útiles para sustentar las iniciativas dirigidas a establecer un marco más sólido para la acción en materia de equidad en la salud hacia el logro de las metas de la Región para el 2030.

Published
2021

180. Arbitrary and Capricious? A Review ofthe Navy's Growler Consultation under Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act

Author

Georgetown University Law Center, Battisti, John J., Georgetown University Law Center, and Battisti, John J.

Abstract

My paper reviewed the Department of the Navy's recent termination of consultation under section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act regarding the introduction of EA-l8G Growlers at WhidbeyI sland. The paper focused on the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's post-termination letter to the Secretary of the Navy, which commented on the Navy's handling of the consultation, to determine whether these comments created any litigation risk for the Navy.

Published
2019

181. Building cultures of preparedness: USACE Silver Jackets Program webinar

Author

Berggren, Ellen; Walsh, Wendy; Browne, Katherine; Olson, Laura; Hegland, Jenny; Maldonado, Julie; Marino, Elizabeth; Maxwell, Keely; Stern, Eric; Jones, Ana-Marie, United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; Colorado State University; Georgetown University; Jenny Hegland Consulting; Livelihoods Knowledge Exchange Network; Oregon State University; United States. Environmental Protection Agency; State University of New York at Albany; Interpro; Culture & Disaster Action Network; Institute for Water Resources (U.S.), Berggren, Ellen; Walsh, Wendy; Browne, Katherine; Olson, Laura; Hegland, Jenny; Maldonado, Julie; Marino, Elizabeth; Maxwell, Keely; Stern, Eric; Jones, Ana-Marie, and United States. Federal Emergency Management Agency; Colorado State University; Georgetown University; Jenny Hegland Consulting; Livelihoods Knowledge Exchange Network; Oregon State University; United States. Environmental Protection Agency; State University of New York at Albany; Interpro; Culture & Disaster Action Network; Institute for Water Resources (U.S.)

Published
2019

182. The new rules of global society, flexibility and informality dealing with difficult issues and achieving good results

Author

Almeida, Wilson, Georgetown University, Washington DC. Universidade Católica de Brasilia, Yang, Antonio, Chihlee University of Technology, Taiwan., Cavalcante, Mayra, Universidade Catolica de Brasilia Pesquisadora, and CNPq, MOFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Taiwan.

Abstract

Economic and social relations, related to the movements of transnational corporations as an important sphere of globalization, have generated a strong impact on the positive law of the states and, as a result, in the international legal system itself. All this has led to studies that point to a new role of the national state, which comes to live with international actors that create rules applied in the internal system of these states. These new rules have proven the inability to discipline and create social relationships, allowing the emergence of private regulatory regimes and a diversity of sources of law describing current legal pluralism. As a private standard of relevant social regulation at a global level, the object of this study is transnational collective bargaining, highlighting its definition, reasoning, legal frameworks, main difficulties of implementation and effectiveness.

Published
2017

184. Mutational spectrum in a worldwide study of 29,700 families with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations

Author

Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), Research Foundation - Flanders, University of Helsinki, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Dutch Cancer Society, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministero della Salute, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, University of Tasmania, Australian Cancer Research Foundation, Ministry of Health and Welfare (South Korea), Charles University (Czech Republic), National Research Foundation Singapore, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Israel Cancer Association USA, Swedish Cancer Society, Foundation for Women's Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Cancer Australia, American Cancer Society, The Ohio State University, National Institutes of Health (US), Cancer Research UK, European Commission, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Department of Trade and Industry (UK), Susan G. Komen Foundation, Breast Cancer Research Foundation, Genome Canada, National Cancer Institute (US), Research Council of Lithuania, Cancer Association of South Africa, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Sanidad y Política Social (España), Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Institut Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Greek Government, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Kansas State University, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (France), Georgetown University, Rebbeck, Timothy R., Friebel, Tara M., Friedman, Eitan, Hamann, Ute, Huo, Dezheng, Kwong, Ava, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo I., Solano, Angela R., Teo, Soo-Hwamg, Thomassen, Mads, Mebirouk, Noura, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, Meindl, Alfons, Mensenkamp, Arjen R., Kruse, Torben A., Benitez, Javier, Mickys, Ugnius, Greene, Mark H., Miller, Austin, thomas, Abigail, Cook, Jackie, Montagna, Marco, Moysich, Kirsten B., Mulligan, Anna Marie, Musinsky, Jacob, Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Ngeow, Joanne, Berger, Andreas, Nguyen, Huu Phuc, Palmero, Edenir Inêz, Davidson, Rosemarie, Bonadona, Valérie, Schmutzler, Rita Katharina, Niederacher, Dieter, Nielsen, Henriette Roed, Nielsen, Finn Cilius, Nussbaum, Robert L., Offit, Kenneth, Öfverholm, Anna, Ong, Kai-ren, Berger, Raanan, Hoya, Miguel de la, Osorio, Ana, Konstantopoulou, Irene, Papi, Laura, Papp, Janos, Senter, Leigha, Kyung Park, Sue, Pasini, Barbara, Pedersen, Inge Sokilde, Peixoto, Ana, Peruga, Nina, Leeneer, Kim de, Peterlongo, Paolo, Blanco, Amie M., Thull, Darcy L., Pohl, Esther, Pradhan, Nisha, Prajzendanc, Karolina, Prieur, Fabienne, Shah, Payal D., Pujol, Pascal, Torres, Diana, Pauw, Antoine de, Radice, Paolo, Sharma, Priyanka, Side, Lucy E., Tischkowitz, Marc, Blazer, Kathleen R., Simard, Jacques, Singer, Christian F., Skytte, Anne-Bine, Slavin, Thomas P., Snape, Katie, Rashid, Muhammad Usman, Gronwald, Jacek, McGuffog, Lesley, Sobol, Hagay, Southey, Melissa, Tognazzo, Silvia, Steele, Linda, Blok, Marinus J., Steinemann, Doris, Toland, Amanda Ewart, Topka, Sabine, Delnatte, Capucine, Trainer, Alison H., Tung, Nadine, Hahnen, Eric, Asperen, Christi J. van, Hout, Annemieke H. van der, Korach, Jacob, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Leslie, Goska, Kolk, Lizet E. van der, Luijt, Rob B. van der, Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Heetvelde, Mattias van, Varesco, Liliana, Varon-Mateeva, Raymonda, Vega, Ana, Villarreal-Garza, Cynthia, Hauke, Jan, Laitman, Yael, Wachenfeldt, Anna von, Ramus, Susan J., Walker, Lisa, Díez, Orland, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Aalfs, Cora M., Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weber, Bernhard H. F., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Yoon, Sook-Yee, Zanzottera, Cristina, Lasa, Adrian, Zidan, Jamal, HEBON, Lee, Min Hyuk, Bonanni, Bernardo, Zorn, Kristin K., Selkirk, Christina G. Hutten, Hulick, Peter J., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Abugattas, Julio, Spurdle, Amanda B., Antoniou, Antonis C., Lasset, Christine, Nathanson, Katherine L., Sukiennicki, Grzegorz, Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Bradbury, Angela R., Henderson, Alex, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrews, Lesley, Andrulis, Irene L., Arason, Adalgeir, Arnold, Norbert, Couch, Fergus J., Ding, Yuan Chun, Arun, Branu K., Asseryanis, Ella, Auerbach, Leo, Azzollini, Jacopo, Brewer, Carole, Balmaña, Judith, Hentschel, Julia, Barile, Monica, Buecher, Bruno, Buys, Saundra S., Ditsch, Nina, Lázaro, Conxi, Caldés, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth, Caligo, Maria A., Campbell, Ian, Caputo, Sandrine M., Rantala, Johanna, Honisch, Ellen, Chiquette, Jocelyne, Chung, Wendy K., Domchek, Susan M., Claes, Kathleen B., Lee, Annette T., Collée, J. Margriet, Evans, D. Gareth, Dorfling, Cecilia M., Velázquez Pérez, Carolina, Dworniczak, Bernd, Eason, Jacqueline, Rhiem, Kerstin, Easton, Douglas F., Eeles, Ros, Sutter, Christian, Schmidt, Ane Y., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Ehrencrona, Hans, Ejlertsen, Bent, EMBRACE, Engel, Christoph, Engert, Stefanie, Faivre, Laurence, Feliubadaló, Lidia, Robson, Mark, szabo, Csilla I., Tan, Yen Y., Fert Ferrer, Sandra, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Foretova, Lenka, Fowler, Jeffrey, Isaacs, Claudine, Frost, Debra, Galvão, Henrique C. R., Ganz, Patricia A., Garber, Judy, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Teixeira, Manuel R., Gehrig, Andrea, Rodriguez, Gustavo C., Lester, Jenny, GEMO Study Collaborators, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Gesta, Paul, Giannini, Giuseppe, Izat, Louise, Giraud, Sophie, Glendon, Gord, Terry, Mary Beth, Godwin, Andrew K., Izquierdo, Angel, Jakubowska, Anna, Lesueur, Fabienne, Rogers, Mark T., James, Paul, Janavicius, Ramunas, Jensen, Uffe Birk, John, Esther M., Vijai, Joseph, Gutierrez-Barrera, Angelica, Chan, T. L., Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Karlan, Beth Y., Kast, Karin, Liljegren, Annelie, KConFab Investigators, Rudaitis, Vilius, Kim, Sung-Won, Lindor, Noralane M., Longy, Michel, Teulé, Alex, Loud, Jennifer T., Lu, Karen H., Goldgar, David E., Lubinski, Jan, Machackova, Eva, Barrowdale, Daniel, Rensburg, Elizabeth J. van, Manoukian, Siranoush, Mari, Véronique, Martínez-Bouzaz, Cristina, Parsons, Michael T., Matrai, Zoltan, Fundações de Amparo à Pesquisa (Brasil), Research Foundation - Flanders, University of Helsinki, Sigrid Juselius Foundation, Dutch Cancer Society, Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, Asociación Española Contra el Cáncer, Generalitat de Catalunya, Ministero della Salute, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, University of Tasmania, Australian Cancer Research Foundation, Ministry of Health and Welfare (South Korea), Charles University (Czech Republic), National Research Foundation Singapore, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Israel Cancer Association USA, Swedish Cancer Society, Foundation for Women's Cancer, University of Pittsburgh, Cancer Australia, American Cancer Society, The Ohio State University, National Institutes of Health (US), Cancer Research UK, European Commission, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Department of Trade and Industry (UK), Susan G. Komen Foundation, Breast Cancer Research Foundation, Genome Canada, National Cancer Institute (US), Research Council of Lithuania, Cancer Association of South Africa, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Argentina), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Sanidad y Política Social (España), Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Fondazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Institut Pasteur, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Greek Government, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Kansas State University, Fundación Mutua Madrileña, Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer (France), Georgetown University, Rebbeck, Timothy R., Friebel, Tara M., Friedman, Eitan, Hamann, Ute, Huo, Dezheng, Kwong, Ava, Olah, Edith, Olopade, Olufunmilayo I., Solano, Angela R., Teo, Soo-Hwamg, Thomassen, Mads, Mebirouk, Noura, Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne, Meindl, Alfons, Mensenkamp, Arjen R., Kruse, Torben A., Benitez, Javier, Mickys, Ugnius, Greene, Mark H., Miller, Austin, thomas, Abigail, Cook, Jackie, Montagna, Marco, Moysich, Kirsten B., Mulligan, Anna Marie, Musinsky, Jacob, Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Ngeow, Joanne, Berger, Andreas, Nguyen, Huu Phuc, Palmero, Edenir Inêz, Davidson, Rosemarie, Bonadona, Valérie, Schmutzler, Rita Katharina, Niederacher, Dieter, Nielsen, Henriette Roed, Nielsen, Finn Cilius, Nussbaum, Robert L., Offit, Kenneth, Öfverholm, Anna, Ong, Kai-ren, Berger, Raanan, Hoya, Miguel de la, Osorio, Ana, Konstantopoulou, Irene, Papi, Laura, Papp, Janos, Senter, Leigha, Kyung Park, Sue, Pasini, Barbara, Pedersen, Inge Sokilde, Peixoto, Ana, Peruga, Nina, Leeneer, Kim de, Peterlongo, Paolo, Blanco, Amie M., Thull, Darcy L., Pohl, Esther, Pradhan, Nisha, Prajzendanc, Karolina, Prieur, Fabienne, Shah, Payal D., Pujol, Pascal, Torres, Diana, Pauw, Antoine de, Radice, Paolo, Sharma, Priyanka, Side, Lucy E., Tischkowitz, Marc, Blazer, Kathleen R., Simard, Jacques, Singer, Christian F., Skytte, Anne-Bine, Slavin, Thomas P., Snape, Katie, Rashid, Muhammad Usman, Gronwald, Jacek, McGuffog, Lesley, Sobol, Hagay, Southey, Melissa, Tognazzo, Silvia, Steele, Linda, Blok, Marinus J., Steinemann, Doris, Toland, Amanda Ewart, Topka, Sabine, Delnatte, Capucine, Trainer, Alison H., Tung, Nadine, Hahnen, Eric, Asperen, Christi J. van, Hout, Annemieke H. van der, Korach, Jacob, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Leslie, Goska, Kolk, Lizet E. van der, Luijt, Rob B. van der, Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Heetvelde, Mattias van, Varesco, Liliana, Varon-Mateeva, Raymonda, Vega, Ana, Villarreal-Garza, Cynthia, Hauke, Jan, Laitman, Yael, Wachenfeldt, Anna von, Ramus, Susan J., Walker, Lisa, Díez, Orland, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Aalfs, Cora M., Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weber, Bernhard H. F., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Yoon, Sook-Yee, Zanzottera, Cristina, Lasa, Adrian, Zidan, Jamal, HEBON, Lee, Min Hyuk, Bonanni, Bernardo, Zorn, Kristin K., Selkirk, Christina G. Hutten, Hulick, Peter J., Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Abugattas, Julio, Spurdle, Amanda B., Antoniou, Antonis C., Lasset, Christine, Nathanson, Katherine L., Sukiennicki, Grzegorz, Adlard, Julian, Agata, Simona, Bradbury, Angela R., Henderson, Alex, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrews, Lesley, Andrulis, Irene L., Arason, Adalgeir, Arnold, Norbert, Couch, Fergus J., Ding, Yuan Chun, Arun, Branu K., Asseryanis, Ella, Auerbach, Leo, Azzollini, Jacopo, Brewer, Carole, Balmaña, Judith, Hentschel, Julia, Barile, Monica, Buecher, Bruno, Buys, Saundra S., Ditsch, Nina, Lázaro, Conxi, Caldés, Trinidad, Caliebe, Almuth, Caligo, Maria A., Campbell, Ian, Caputo, Sandrine M., Rantala, Johanna, Honisch, Ellen, Chiquette, Jocelyne, Chung, Wendy K., Domchek, Susan M., Claes, Kathleen B., Lee, Annette T., Collée, J. Margriet, Evans, D. Gareth, Dorfling, Cecilia M., Velázquez Pérez, Carolina, Dworniczak, Bernd, Eason, Jacqueline, Rhiem, Kerstin, Easton, Douglas F., Eeles, Ros, Sutter, Christian, Schmidt, Ane Y., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Ehrencrona, Hans, Ejlertsen, Bent, EMBRACE, Engel, Christoph, Engert, Stefanie, Faivre, Laurence, Feliubadaló, Lidia, Robson, Mark, szabo, Csilla I., Tan, Yen Y., Fert Ferrer, Sandra, Barkardottir, Rosa B., Foretova, Lenka, Fowler, Jeffrey, Isaacs, Claudine, Frost, Debra, Galvão, Henrique C. R., Ganz, Patricia A., Garber, Judy, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Teixeira, Manuel R., Gehrig, Andrea, Rodriguez, Gustavo C., Lester, Jenny, GEMO Study Collaborators, Gerdes, Anne-Marie, Gesta, Paul, Giannini, Giuseppe, Izat, Louise, Giraud, Sophie, Glendon, Gord, Terry, Mary Beth, Godwin, Andrew K., Izquierdo, Angel, Jakubowska, Anna, Lesueur, Fabienne, Rogers, Mark T., James, Paul, Janavicius, Ramunas, Jensen, Uffe Birk, John, Esther M., Vijai, Joseph, Gutierrez-Barrera, Angelica, Chan, T. L., Kaczmarek, Katarzyna, Karlan, Beth Y., Kast, Karin, Liljegren, Annelie, KConFab Investigators, Rudaitis, Vilius, Kim, Sung-Won, Lindor, Noralane M., Longy, Michel, Teulé, Alex, Loud, Jennifer T., Lu, Karen H., Goldgar, David E., Lubinski, Jan, Machackova, Eva, Barrowdale, Daniel, Rensburg, Elizabeth J. van, Manoukian, Siranoush, Mari, Véronique, Martínez-Bouzaz, Cristina, Parsons, Michael T., and Matrai, Zoltan

Abstract

The prevalence and spectrum of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 have been reported in single populations, with the majority of reports focused on White in Europe and North America. The Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2 (CIMBA) has assembled data on 18,435 families with BRCA1 mutations and 11,351 families with BRCA2 mutations ascertained from 69 centers in 49 countries on six continents. This study comprehensively describes the characteristics of the 1,650 unique BRCA1 and 1,731 unique BRCA2 deleterious (disease-associated) mutations identified in the CIMBA database. We observed substantial variation in mutation type and frequency by geographical region and race/ethnicity. In addition to known founder mutations, mutations of relatively high frequency were identified in specific racial/ethnic or geographic groups that may reflect founder mutations and which could be used in targeted (panel) first pass genotyping for specific populations. Knowledge of the population-specific mutational spectrum in BRCA1 and BRCA2 could inform efficient strategies for genetic testing and may justify a more broad-based oncogenetic testing in some populations.

Published
2018

185. Curative effect of Plumbago indica root extract on thioacetamide induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats

Author

NA, Binil, Eldhose; 1) School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India 2) Department of Radiation Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA, Jayesh, Kuriakose; School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India, Sankunni, Latha Mukalel; School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India, NA, Binil, Eldhose; 1) School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India 2) Department of Radiation Medicine, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC 20057, USA, Jayesh, Kuriakose; School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India, and Sankunni, Latha Mukalel; School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala-686560, India

Abstract

The root parts of Plumbago indica is widely used in the Indian Ayurvedic traditional system. The study was designed to evaluate the hepato curative activity Plumbago Indica (PLBM) methanolic root extracts at different doses (100 and 200 mg/kg bw) against thioacetamide induced liver damage in albino wistar rats. Liver damage was induced by administration of Thioacetamide (100 mg/kg bw) and was assessed by evaluating the activity of liver-function marker enzymes, antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation. The liver sections were evaluated for histopathological changes. PLBM significantly (p ≤ 0.05) reversed the elevation of serum liver enzymes and hepatic levels of antioxidant markers. Histopathological findings also confirmed the curative effect of Plumbago Indica in a dose dependent manner. Thus this study scientifically rationale the use of Plumbago indica root as a promising drug against various liver disorders.

Published
2017

186. Las políticas de ciudadanía en los estados del Consejo de Cooperación del Golfo | Citizenship Policies in the Gulf Cooperation Council States

Author

ZACCARA, Luciano; Qatar University, Gulf Studies Center, ZACCARA, Luciano; Qatar University, Gulf Studies Center, SALDAÑA MARTIN, Marta; Georgetown University in Qatar, ZACCARA, Luciano; Qatar University, Gulf Studies Center, ZACCARA, Luciano; Qatar University, Gulf Studies Center, and SALDAÑA MARTIN, Marta; Georgetown University in Qatar

Abstract

Este artículo explora los marcos legales de ciudadanía y naturalización de los seis estados del Consejo de Cooperación del Golfo, y analiza cómo han sido utilizados desde el establecimiento de los estados modernos hasta la actualidad, con especial atención a los acontecimientos posteriores a la Primavera Árabe. En este contexto, se investiga en qué medida ha afectado el carácter rentista de los estados del Golfo al diseño de sus políticas de ciudadanía y naturalización; cuáles son los principales aspectos de dicha legislación en cada país; qué diferencias hay entre la utilización de los marcos legales antes y después de la Primavera Árabe; qué reformas legales se han llevado a cabo tras de la Primavera Árabe; y con qué objetivos se ha concedido o revocado la ciudadanía. El artículo concluye que las políticas de ciudadanía de los estados del CCG han sido un aspecto fundamental de la construcción del Estado-nación y del establecimiento de la relación Estado-sociedad, así como parte esencial de una muy elaborada estrategia para garantizar la estabilidad, supervivencia y legitimación de los regímenes políticos, con mayor énfasis desde la Primavera Árabe. This article explores the legal frameworks of citizenship and naturalization of the six states of the Gulf Cooperation Council, and analyzes how they have been used since the creation of modern states to the present, with special attention to events after the Arab Spring. Within this context, it discusses to what extent the rentier character of the Gulf states has affected the design of policies of citizenship and naturalization; which are the main aspects of the legislation of each country; what are the differences between the use of legal frameworks before and after the Arab Spring; what legal reforms have been carried out since the Arab Spring; and with what objectives has citizenship been granted or revoked. The article concludes that the citizenship policies of the GCC states have been a fundamental aspect of the n

Published
2017

187. The Century of Science: The Global Triumph of the Research University

Author

Powell, Justin J W [editor], Baker, David P. [editor], Fernandez, Frank [editor], Education, Culture, Cognition & Society (ECCS) > Institute of Education & Society (InES); Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar; Institute of Higher Education Research (HoF), Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg [research center], Qatar Foundation: Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP Grant #5-1021-5-159) [sponsor], Powell, Justin J W [editor], Baker, David P. [editor], Fernandez, Frank [editor], Education, Culture, Cognition & Society (ECCS) > Institute of Education & Society (InES); Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar; Institute of Higher Education Research (HoF), Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg [research center], and Qatar Foundation: Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP Grant #5-1021-5-159) [sponsor]

Abstract

In The Century of Science, a multicultural, international team of authors examines the global rise of scholarly research in science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and health (STEM+) fields. At the beginning of the 20th century, the global center-point of scientific productivity was about half way between Western Europe and the U.S., in the North Atlantic. Then, the center moved steadily westward and slightly southward—reflecting the burgeoning science capacity of the U.S. supported by America’s thriving public and private universities, technological innovation, and overall economic growth. After WWII, this began to change as the course of the world’s scientific center of gravity turned and for the next 70 years traveled eastward, the direction it still travels, especially due to the rise of China and other prolific East Asian countries, such as Japan, Taiwan, and South Korea. Europe continues to be the center of global science. Focusing on these developments, this volume provides historical and sociological understandings of the ways that higher education has become an institution that, more than ever before, shapes science and society. Case studies, supported by the most historically and spatially extensive database on STEM+ publications available, of selected countries in Europe, North America, East Asia, and the Middle East, emphasize recurring themes: the institutionalization and differentiation of higher education systems to the proliferation of university-based scientific research fostered by research policies that support continued university expansion leading to the knowledge society. Growing worldwide, research universities appear to be the most legitimate sites for knowledge production. Countries like France, Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, and Japan began the 20th century with prerequisites in place to realize the emerging model of university-based research. Over the past several decades, China, South Korea, and Taiwan, with differ

Published
2017

188. Welche Organisationsformen produzieren Wissenschaft? Expansion, Vielfalt und Kooperation im deutschen Hochschul- und Wissenschaftssystem im globalen Kontext, 1900-2010

Author

Education, Culture, Cognition & Society (ECCS) > Institute of Education & Society (InES) [research center], Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar [research center], The Pennsylvania State University [research center], Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP grant #5-1021-5-159) [sponsor], Dusdal, Jennifer, Education, Culture, Cognition & Society (ECCS) > Institute of Education & Society (InES) [research center], Georgetown University School of Foreign Service in Qatar [research center], The Pennsylvania State University [research center], Qatar National Research Fund (NPRP grant #5-1021-5-159) [sponsor], and Dusdal, Jennifer

Abstract

Overview and introduction “Which organizational forms produce science? Expansion, diversity, and cooperation in Germany's higher education and science system embedded within the global context, 1900-2010”. Already the title of my dissertation manifests an approach that examines the topic of the development of scientific productivity in the German higher education and science landscape from different perspectives: levels, dimensions, and an extensive timeframe. Deriving from and contributing to the international research project “Science Productivity, Higher Education, Research and Development, and the Knowledge Society” (SPHERE), my research focuses on the investigation of the influence of higher education development and science capacity-building on scientific knowledge production, globally, comparatively, and considerable depth for Germany, a key science producer for well over a century. Focusing mainly on the different structures and institutional settings of the German higher education and science system, the dissertations shows how these affected and contributed to the long-term development of scientific productivity worldwide. The historical, comparative, and in-depth analyses are especially important in light of advancing globalization and internationalization of science, stronger networks of scientists worldwide, and the emergence of the “knowledge society”. The research design combines macro- and meso-level analyses: the institutionalized and organizational settings in which science is produced. Since information about single authors was limited in availability, extensive micro-level analyses were not possible here, yet the research articles analyzed were all written and published by individuals working in organizations, which are in the center of analysis here. By reference to the dimensions expansion, diversity, and cooperation, I elaborated the frame of my investigation, and sorted my research questions, including country, organizational field and form, Überblick und Einleitung Bereits der Titel meiner Dissertation „Welche Organisationsformen produzieren Wissenschaft? Expansion, Vielfalt und Kooperation im deutschen Hochschul- und Wissenschaftssystem im globalen Kontext, 1900-2010“ verspricht, dass sich dem Thema der Entwicklung wissenschaftlicher Produktivität in Deutschland aus verschiedenen Perspektiven (Analyseebenen, Dimensionen und Zeitrahmen) genähert werden soll. Eingebettet in das international vergleichende Forschungsprojekt Science Productivity, Higher Education, Research and Development, and the Knowledge Society (SPHERE) rückt meine Dissertation die Analyse des Einflusses der Hochschulentwicklung und der wissenschaftlichen Kapazitätsbildung auf die wissenschaftliche Wissensproduktion in den Vordergrund. Es interessiert mich, wie die im deutschen Hochschul- und Wissenschaftssystem vorherrschenden Strukturen und institutionellen Settings die langfristige Entwicklung wissenschaftlicher Produktivität beeinflusst und verändert haben. Besonders vor dem Hintergrund einer voranschreitenden Globalisierung und Internationalisierung der Wissenschaft, einer weltweiten Vernetzung von Wissenschaftlern und der Herausbildung einer Wissensgesellschaft. Die Annäherung an den Forschungsgegentand erfolgt auf der Makro- und Mesoebene: den institutionalisierten und organisationalen Settings, in denen Wissenschaft produziert wurde und wird. Da Informationen zu einzelnen Autoren nicht zur Verfügung standen, können keine Aussagen auf der Mikroebene getroffen werden, wenngleich Publikationen natürlich immer von Individuen verfasst werden und nicht von den hier untersuchten Ländern oder Organisationsformen und Einzelorganisationen. Anhand der Dimensionen Expansion, Vielfalt und Kooperation wird der Untersuchungsrahmen abgesteckt und eine Ordnung der Fragestellung vorgenommen, an denen die Struktur der Arbeit ausgerichtet ist. Der Zeitrahmen der Arbeit umfasst die Jahre 1900 bis 2010, also mehr als ein Jahrhundert (siehe Abschnit

Published
2017

190. Improving the Population's Health: The Affordable Care Act and the Importance of Integration

Author

Professor of Health Law and Policy and Director for the Center for Law, Ethics and Health at the University of Michigan School of Public Health., Linda D. and Timothy J. O'Neill Professor of Global Health Law and Faculty Director of the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University Law Center; the Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Public Health Law & Human Rights; a Professor of Public Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; and a Visiting Professor at the Faculties of Law and Medical Sciences at the University of Oxford., Fellows at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health at Georgetown University Law Center., Hardcastle, Lorian E., Record, Katherine L., Jacobson, Peter D., Gostin, Lawrence O., Professor of Health Law and Policy and Director for the Center for Law, Ethics and Health at the University of Michigan School of Public Health., Linda D. and Timothy J. O'Neill Professor of Global Health Law and Faculty Director of the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health Law at Georgetown University Law Center; the Director of the World Health Organization Collaborating Center on Public Health Law & Human Rights; a Professor of Public Health at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; and a Visiting Professor at the Faculties of Law and Medical Sciences at the University of Oxford., Fellows at the O'Neill Institute for National and Global Health at Georgetown University Law Center., Hardcastle, Lorian E., Record, Katherine L., Jacobson, Peter D., and Gostin, Lawrence O.

Published
2013

192. Multi-modal versus modality-specific activation within the 'what' and 'where' processing streams for sounds and vibro-tactile stimuli.

Author

Georgetown University Medical Center - Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition, University of Helsinki - Neuroscience unit, Georgetown University Medical Center - Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Renier, Laurent, Anurova, I, De Volder, Anne, Carlson, S., Van Meter, J, Rauschecker, Josef P., 10th International Multisensory Research Forum (IMRF), Georgetown University Medical Center - Laboratory for Integrative Neuroscience and Cognition, University of Helsinki - Neuroscience unit, Georgetown University Medical Center - Center for Functional and Molecular Imaging, Renier, Laurent, Anurova, I, De Volder, Anne, Carlson, S., Van Meter, J, Rauschecker, Josef P., and 10th International Multisensory Research Forum (IMRF)

Published
2009

193. Old Risks, New Solutions, or Is It the Other Way Around?

Author

Quintrell, Edith, Verheyen, Gero, World Bank, Georgetown University, Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency, Quintrell, Edith, Verheyen, Gero, World Bank, Georgetown University, and Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency

Subjects
Risk management--Congresses, Investment guaranty insurance--Congresses, Risk (Insurance)--Congresses, Country risk--Congresses
Abstract

Old Risks – New Solutions, Or Is It The Other Way Around is the latest book in a series based on the MIGA – Georgetown University Symposium on International Political Risk Management. The Symposium has traditionally brought together almost 200 senior practitioners from the political risk insurance (PRI) industry, including investors, insurers, brokers, lenders, academics and members of the legal community. This volume reflects the key issues which have faced investors and insurers alike including arbitration and a dynamically evolving marketplace. Contributors to this volume reflect on the evolution of the PRI industry during a period of dramatic changes in the marketplace. Not only has the crisis had a tremendous impact on the volume of investment projects, particularly into developing countries, but also on the perception of risk and claims management. The volume begins with a look at the global market place in the aftermath of the financial crisis from an insurer's perspective. It continues with an overview of claims experience and key issues investors should understand when relying on bilateral investment treaties. The volume then examines challenges facing investors and insurers alike when considering sovereign risk within the context of political risk. The volume concludes with an overview of the PRI industry and its evolution over time – how did insurers see the global marketplace evolving over time, what are they predicting now, and how much has it really changed? Old Risks – New Solutions provides valuable insights for practitioners and investors alike, particularly in today's turbulent and uncertain markets.

Published
2013

194. Acceptability of Diagnostic Tests for Breast Cancer

Author

Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, University of Michigan, USA, Department of Biomathematics and Biostatistics, Georgetown, University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, University of Michigan, USA, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, USA, Imaging Science and Information Systems Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; School of Nursing, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Ann Arbor, Hwang, Yi-Ting, Liang, Wenchi, Lawrence, William F., Burnett, Caroline B., Freedman, Matthew, Trock, Bruce J., Mandelblatt, Jeanne S., Lippman, Marc E., Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, University of Michigan, USA, Department of Biomathematics and Biostatistics, Georgetown, University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; Department of Urology, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, University of Michigan, USA, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, USA, Imaging Science and Information Systems Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Departments of Medicine and Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA; School of Nursing, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, USA, Ann Arbor, Hwang, Yi-Ting, Liang, Wenchi, Lawrence, William F., Burnett, Caroline B., Freedman, Matthew, Trock, Bruce J., Mandelblatt, Jeanne S., and Lippman, Marc E.

Abstract

Purpose . To assess the acceptability of new non-invasive breast cancer diagnostic tests intended to triage women in need of biopsy.

Published
2006

196. International political risk management : the brave new world

Author

Moran, Theodore H., 1943, World Bank., MIGA-Georgetown University Symposium on International Political Risk Management (2002 : Georgetown University), Moran, Theodore H., 1943, World Bank., and MIGA-Georgetown University Symposium on International Political Risk Management (2002 : Georgetown University)

Published
2004

197. Solving General Equilibrium Models with Incomplete Markets and Many Assets

Author

Martin D. D. Evans (Georgetown University) and Viktoria Hnatkovska (Georgetown University)

Subjects
jel:D52, jel:C68, Portfolio Choice, Perturbation Methods, Incomplete Markets, Asset Prices, jel:G11
Abstract

This paper presents a new numerical method for solving general equilibrium models with many assets. The method can be applied to models where there are heterogeneous agents, time-varying investment opportunity sets, and incomplete markets. It also can be used to study models where the equilibrium dynamics are non-stationary. We illustrate how the method is used by solving two versions of a two-country general equilibrium model with production. We check the accuracy of our method by comparing the numerical solution to the one-sector model against its known analytic properties. We then apply the method to the two-sector model where no analytic solution is available.

Published
2005

198. International Capital Flows, Returns and World Financial Integration

Author

Martin D. D. Evans (Georgetown University) and Viktoria Hnatkovska (Georgetown University)

Subjects
jel:D52, Globalization, Portfolio Choice, Financial Integration, Incomplete Markets, Asset Prices, jel:F36, jel:G11
Abstract

International capital flows have increased dramatically since the 1980s, with much of the increase being due to trade in equity and debt markets. Such developments are often attributed to the increased integration of world financial markets. We present a model that allows us to examine how greater integration in world financial markets affects the behavior of international capital flows and financial returns. Our model predicts that international capital flows are large (in absolute value) and very volatile during the early stages of financial integration when international asset trading is concentrated in bonds. As integration progresses and households gain access to world equity markets, the size and volatility of international bond flows fall dramatically but continue to exceed the size and volatility of international equity flows. This is the natural outcome of greater risk sharing facilitated by increased integration. We find that the equilibrium flows in bonds and stocks are larger than their empirical counterparts, and are largely driven by variations in equity risk premia. The paper also makes a methodological contribution to the literature on dynamic general equilibrium asset-pricing. We implement a new technique for solving a dynamic general equilibrium model with production, portfolio choice and incomplete markets.

Published
2005

199. Quantifying the Inefficiency of the US Social Insurance System

Author

Mark Huggett (Georgetown University) and Juan Carlos Parra (Georgetown University)

Subjects
jel:D80, jel:D90, Social Security, Idiosyncratic Shocks, Efficient Allocations, Private Information, jel:E21
Abstract

How far is the US social insurance system from an efficient system? We answer this question within a model where agents receive idiosyncratic, labor-productivity shocks that are privately observed. When social security and income taxation comprise the social insurance system, the maximum possible efficiency gain is equivalent to a 10:5 percent increase in consumption. This occurs when labor productivity diferences are set to the permanent diferences estimated in US data.

Published
2005

200. Social Conflict and Gradual Political Succession: An Illustrative Model

Author

William Jack (Georgetown University) and Roger Lagunoff (Georgetown University)

Subjects
Social Conflict, Rule of Succession, Dynamic political game, jel:C73, jel:D72, jel:D78
Abstract

This paper studies the evolution of political institutions in the face of conflict. We examine institutional reform in a class of pivotal mechanisms -- institutions that behave as if the resulting policy were determined by a "pivotal" decision maker drawn from the potential population of citizens and who holds full policy-making authority at the time. A rule-of-succession describes the process by which pivotal decision makers in period t + 1 are, themselves, chosen by pivotal decision makers in period t. Two sources of conflict - class conflict, arising from differences in wealth, and ideological conflict, arising from differences in preferences are examined. In each case, we characterize the unique Markov Perfect Equilibrium of the associated dynamic political game, and show that public decision-making authority evolves monotonically downward in wealth and upward in ideological predisposition toward the public good. We then examine rules-of-succession when ideology and wealth exhibit correlation.

Published
2005

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