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Previous studies have revealed a positive relationship between social class and subjective well-being, but it is still unclear why social class is associated with subjective well-being. In the current study, 4168 Chinese adults aged 17 to 67 years completed measures of social class, present fatalistic time perspective and subjective well-being. Then a mediation analysis was conducted to examine whether present fatalistic time perspective would mediate the association between social class and subjective well-being. Results indicated social class was positively associated with subjective well-being; subjective social class (SSC) had a stronger association with subjective well-being than did objective social class (OSC). Social class was negatively related to present fatalistic time perspective; however, OSC was more predictive of present fatalistic time perspective than was SSC. Moreover, the relationship between social class and subjective well-being was mediated by present fatalistic time perspective, whether SSC or OSC. These results add to our understanding of the theoretical concept of social class and shed new light on a mechanism involved in the social class/well-being association. The implications of this study and future directions are also discussed.

Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are a highly promising green and environmentally friendly way to serve the sustainable development of human civilization. However, high-cost synthesis and pollution problems of perfluorinated sulfonic acid membranes are still not resolved. In this research, we designed and constructed porous organic polymers (POPs) with high porosity and excellent stability via the Friedel−Crafts acylation reaction using commercial products as building blocks and low-cost FeCl3 as a catalyst through a simple operation. POP-BP-1 was successfully synthesized using 1,4- bis(chloromethyl)benzene as a cross-linking agent and reactant. POP-BP-TPOT was prepared using 2,4,6-triphenoxy-1,3,5-triazine (TPOT) as a building unit into the skeleton of POP-BP-1. Sulfonated POPs (S-POPs) were densely decorated with sulfonic acid groups by postsulfonation. POP-BP-TPOT with abundant triazine units and sulfonic acid groups showed high water uptake. The sulfonated triazine-based polymer showed excellent proton conductivity up to 10−2 S cm−1 at 95% relative humidity (RH) under 25 °C and low activation energy of 0.19 eV. Fuel-cell test was also demonstrated using the polymer. This research suggests that the construction of S-POPs opens a suitable method to design high proton-conducting materials.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN), the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is often accompanied by dyslipidemia, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of DN and even the progression to ESRD. Mitophagy, the selective degradation of damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria by autophagy, is a crucial mitochondrial quality control mechanism, and largely regulated by PINK1 (PTEN-induced putative kinase 1)/Parkin signaling pathway. In the present study, we demonstrated that PA induced mitochondrial damage and excessive mitoROS generation in podocytes. We also found PA treatment resulted in the activation of mitophagy by increasing co-localization of GFP-LC3 with mitochondria and enhancing the formation of mitophagosome, stabilization of PINK1 and mitochondrial translocation of Parkin, which indicated that PINK1/Parkin pathway was involved in PA-induced mitophagy in podocytes. Furthermore, inhibition of mitophagy by silencing Parkin dramatically aggravated PA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, mitoROS production, and further enhanced PA-induced apoptosis of podocytes. Finally, we showed that PINK1/Parkin pathway were up-regulated in kidney of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obese rats. Taken together, our results suggest that PINK1/Parkin mediated mitophagy plays a protective role in PA-induced podocytes apoptosis through reducing mitochondrial ROS production and that enhancing mitophagy provides a potential therapeutic strategy for kidney diseases with hyperlipidemia, such as DN.

This article presents an evaluation of the photoelectric characteristic of different structured ultrathin body and buried oxide (UTBB) MOSFETs. The UTBB MOSFETs can achieve photoelectric conversion by integrating a doped well or photodiode beneath the BOX. With lightly doped well, the well-UTBB (W-UTBB) image sensor is more sensitive to illumination. On the other hand, the photodiode-UTBB (PD-UTBB) image sensor has a larger full well capacity. The influence of well doped concentration and interface traps at BOX/well on the photoelectric characteristics of both devices has been investigated. The well doped concentration has great impacts on the light sensitivity of the W-UTBB. The interface traps would increase the dark current of the W-UTBB and reduce the internal quantum efficiency (IQE) of the PD-UTBB.

The intestinal epithelium barrier functions to protect human bodies from damages such as harmful microorganisms, antigens, and toxins. In this study, we evaluated the protective effect and molecular mechanism of a dominant polymethoxyflavone nobiletin (NOB) from tangerine peels on intestinal epithelial integrity. The results from transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) suggested that NOB pretreatment counteracts epithelial injury induced by inflammatory cytokines (TEER value in 48 h: vehicle, 135.6 ± 3.9 Ω/cm2; TNF-α + IL-1β, 90.7 ± 0.5 Ω/cm2; 10 μM NOB + TNF-α + IL-1β, 126.1 ± 0.8 Ω/cm2; 100 μM NOB + TNF-α + IL-1β, 125.3 ± 0.5 Ω/cm2. P < 0.001). Clinical and pathological test results suggested that administration of NOB effectively alleviates intestinal barrier injury induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) as evidenced by the length of colon villi on day 7 (control, 253.7 ± 4.8 μm, DSS 131.6 ± 4.6 μm, NOB + DSS, 234.5 ± 5.1 μm. P < 0.001). Interestingly, when screening tight junction molecules for intestinal barrier integrity, we observed that independent treatment with NOB sharply increased claudin-7 levels (ratio of claudin-7 over GAPDH: control, 1.0 ± 0.06; DSS, 0.02 ± 0.001; NOB + DSS, 0.3 ± 0.07. P < 0.001), which was previously suppressed upon DSS stimulation. Furthermore, hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF-4α) transcriptional regulation of claudin-7 contributed to intestinal barrier homeostasis. Therefore, our study suggests potential intestinal protective strategies based on polymethoxyflavones of aged tangerine peels.

Morphology, growth behaviour and formation mechanism of TiC and its heterogeneous nucleation effect on ferrite in TiC-reinforced wear-resistant steel were theoretically and experimentally investiga...

Bone cancer pain is considered to be mechanistically unique compared with inflammatory or neuropathic pain states. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a transmembrane receptor protein which has been reported to be involved in neuropathic pain. However, the role of TLR4 in bone cancer pain is still unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the hypothesis that oxytocin may ameliorate bone cancer pain by suppressing TLR4 in spinal cord. Behavioral analysis and molecular biological experiments were carried out. Our data demonstrated that intrathecally delivery of oxytocin significantly ameliorated the mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in bone cancer pain rats. Moreover, oxytocin suppressed the up-regulation of TLR4 and proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β in spinal cord of bone cancer pain rats. Therefore, we concluded that intrathecal administration of oxytocin relieves bone cancer pain by suppressing the up-regulation of TLR4, TNFα and IL-1β in spinal cord. Oxytocin possesses analgesic efficacy against bone cancer pain and deserves further to confirm its effectiveness in clinically relevant of cancer pain.

A new method using temperature dependent shared series resistance in a pair of devices with common drain configuration is proposed to measure self-heating (SH) in advanced MOSFETs. The proposed measurement technique depends on the intrinsic series resistance and is not limited to the spatial proximity between the heater and the sensor. The developed method demonstrated on the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) MOSFETs reveals that the more accurate SH assessment can be obtained compared to other methods that are sensitive to the distance from heat source. Furthermore, the extraction of intrinsic series resistance allows to quantify the process-induced variability of the contact resistance.

Along with the rapid development of economic integration and regional economization worldwide, the growth of green and sustainable resources has posed a major concern. Proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are examples of green, resource-conserving, and environmentally protective energy resources. Porous organic polymers (POPs), a new class of porous materials with high porosity, permanent pores, excellent stability, and easily modified functional units, can offer a good platform as proton-conducting electrolytes for fuel cells. However, a simple and general design to construct POPs with high proton conductivity presents a challenging project. For this study, we used simple benzene and aromatic benzene as building units through a facile and cost-effective process to create a series of POPs. We further prepared sulfonated POPs (S-POPs) with high-density sulfonic acid groups via post-sulphonation. The S-POPs displayed excellent proton conductivity up to 10−2 S cm−1 at 25 °C and 95% relative humidity (RH), and high conductivity up to 10−1 S cm−1 at 80 °C and 95% RH, which ranked top among the most proton-conducting POPs. These results suggest that construction of S-POPs offers a simple and universal way to evolve structural designs for high proton-conductive materials.

The analysis of the impulse voltage on the internal electric field of the cable joint plays a key role in studying the breakdown of the joint. Based on the finite element method, a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation model of the cable joint is established in this paper. Simulation results show that the voltage at the head of the cable joint reaches about twice the impulse voltage. The increase of the conductivity of semi-conductive material also leads to the increase of electric field intensity. Then, several points and curves at different positions are selected for further analysis in this paper. Among them, the electric field distortion at the edge of the high voltage shield is the most serious and the electric field in the air gap is the least.

The electric field intensity (EFI) is important characteristic quantity for evaluating the internal insulation state of cable joints. Based on finite element method, this paper proposes two EFI research methods, field-circuit coupling method and equivalent circuit method. The average EFI of the inner surface of the outer semi-conducting shield can be calculated from the current in the measuring circuit. The relative error between these two methods is about 15%, which roughly proves the consistency of the two methods. Further practical application research enables online monitoring of cable joints.

QUasi-Affine TRansformation Evolutionary algorithm (QUATRE) is a new optimization algorithm based on population for complex multiple real parameter optimization problems in real world. In this paper, a novel multi-group multi-choice communication strategy algorithm for QUasi-Affine TRansformation Evolutionary (MM-QUATRE) algorithm is proposed to solve the disadvantage that the original QUATRE is always easily to fall into local optimization in the strategy of updating bad nodes with multiple groups and multiple choices. We compared it with other intelligent algorithms, the most advanced PSO variant, parallel PSO (P-PSO) variant, native QUATRE and parallel QUATRE (P-PSO) under CEC2013 large-scale optimization test suite. Thus, the performance of MM-QUATRE was verified. The conclusion that the MM-QUATRE algorithm is superior to other intelligent algorithms is proved by the experimental results. In addition, the application results of MM-QUATRE algorithm (MM-QUATRE-RSSI) based on RSSI in WSN node localization were analyzed and studied. The results appear that this method has higher localization accuracy than other similar algorithms.

Beauvercin H (1), a new cyclic hexadepsipeptide, and two known ones (2 and 3) were isolated from the EtOH extract of the solid culture of Fusarium sp. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, including extensive 1D and 2D NMR techniques, as well as comparison with literature values. Additionally, compounds 1–3 were tested for their cytotoxic activities. The results showed that all isolated compounds exhibited cytotoxic activities against five human cancer cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 1.379 to 13.12 μM.

Background: In order to study the applicability of Low Vibration Track (LVT) in heavy-haul railway tunnels, this paper carried out research on the dynamic effects of LVT heavy-haul railway wheels and rails and provided a technical reference for the structural design of heavy-haul railway track structures. Methods: Based on system dynamics response sensitivity and vehicle-track coupling dynamics, the stability of the upper heavy-haul train, the track deformation tendency, and the dynamic response sensitivity of the vehicle-track system under the influence of random track irregularity and different track structure parameters were calculated, compared and analyzed. Results: Larger under-rail lateral and vertical structural stiffness can reduce the dynamic response of the rail system. The vertical and lateral stiffness under the block should be set within a reasonable range to achieve the purpose of reducing the dynamic response of the system, and beyond a certain range, the dynamic response of the rail system will increase significantly, which will affect the safety and stability of train operation. Conclusions: Considering the changes of track vehicle body stability coefficients, the change of deformation control coefficients, and the sensitivity indexes of dynamic performance coefficients to track structure stiffness change, the recommended values of the vertical stiffness under rail, the lateral stiffness under rail, the vertical stiffness under block, and the lateral stiffness under block are, respectively 160 kN/mm, 200 kN/mm, 100 kN/mm, and 200 kN/mm.

High-precision pointing plays a critical role in optical equipment and laser communication systems. In order to reach the level of sub mrad for pointing accuracy, a two-stage pointing technology is currently widely used. However, this results in significant technical complexity. Therefore, the realization of a high-precision pointing technology under single-stage control is highly challenging. In this study, we find that erase the floating errors of the middle link of the mechanism can effectively improve the pointing accuracy. Based on this assumption, we propose the concept of a single-stage high-precision pointing technology and also establish its mathematical model of drive and an error elimination algorithm. Using modern computer technology, we study the working principle of this single-stage high-precision pointing technology in detail. We also build a prototype and test its performance. The test results show that the uniaxial error of the prototype is no greater than 0.004°, while its spatial synthetic error is no greater than 0.006° and the stability time is less than 100 ms. The test results show that this concept is completely feasible. It is also found that the accuracy of the pointing system can further be improved when the vibration is suppressed, which also represents an important concept for further research. We anticipate that an ultra-high-precision pointing system with single-stage control will be established in the near future.

Although previous studies have indicated that statin therapy can effectively prevent the development of CIN, this observation remains controversial, especially in high-risk patients. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the efficacy of statin pretreatment for preventing the development of CIN in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and to determine its effectiveness in various subgroups. We searched the online databases PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. RCTs that involved the comparison of the short-term moderate or high-dose statin pretreatment with placebo for CIN prevention in CKD patients undergoing angiography were included. The primary outcome was CIN prevalence. Seven RCTs comprising 4256 participants were investigated in this analysis. The risk of developing CIN in patients pretreated with statins was significantly lower than that in patients pretreated with placebo (RR=0.57, 95%CI=0.43-0.76, p=0.000). The SCr values of the statin group, when analyzed 48h after angiography were lower than those of the placebo group ((SMD=-0.15, 95% CI=-0.27 to -0.04, p=0.011). In the subgroup analysis, statin pretreatment could decrease the risk of CIN in CKD patients with DM (RR=0.54, 95% CI=0.39-0.76, p=0.000), but not in CKD patients without DM (RR=0.84, 95% CI=0.44- 1.60, p=0.606). The efficacy of atorvastatin for preventing CIN was consistent with that observed with the use of rosuvastatin. The risk ratios (RR) were 0.51 (95% CI=0.32-0.81, p=0.004) and 0.60 (95% CI=0.41-0.88, p=0.009), respectively. Our study demonstrated that statin pretreatment could prevent the development of CIN in CKD patients. However, subgroup analysis demonstrated that statin pretreatment, despite being effective in preventing CIN in patients with CKD and DM, was not helpful for CKD patients without DM. Rosuvastatin and atorvastatin exhibited similar preventive effects with respect to CIN.

This study was designed to investigate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic hepatic caudate lobectomy (LHCL) for treating liver tumor by comparing with the open hepatic caudate lobectomy (OHCL).In the LHCL group, we included 24 patients with liver tumor received LHCL in Qilu Hospital of the Shandong University from January 2014 to January 2019. Meanwhile, 24 matched liver tumor patients underwent OHCL in our hospital served as control. Then we compared the patient characteristics, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative outcomes between LHCL group and OHCL group.There were no significant differences in gender, age, degree of cirrhosis, tumor size, preoperative liver function, Child-Pugh grading, proportion of liver cirrhosis, and tumor size between LHCL group and OHCL group (P 0.05). No death was reported in both groups. The length of incision in LHCL group was significantly lower than that in OHCL group (4.22 ± 1.14 cm vs. 22.46 ± 4.40 cm, P 0.001). The intraoperative blood loss in LHCL group was significantly lower than that of OHCL group (116.82 ± 71.61 ml vs. 371.74 ± 579.35 ml, P = 0.047). The total operation time, Pringle maneuver occlusion time, and blocking rate in LHCL group showed no statistical difference compared with those of the OHCL group (P 0.05). The VAS scores at postoperative 24 and 48 h showed no statistical differences between LHCL group and OHCL group (P 0.05). Compared with the OHCL group, significant decrease was noticed in the proportion of patients with severe pain 48 h after surgery (0 vs. 4.25 ± 0.46, P 0.001) and dezocine consumption (90.45 ± 45.77 mg vs. 131.6 ± 81.30 mg, P = 0.0448) in the LHCL group.LHCL is effective and feasible for treating liver tumor, which is featured by reducing intraoperative blood loss and serious pain.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Navio robot-assisted unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) on the biomechanics of knee joint during sitting-up movement, and to determine whether UKA can maintain the biomechanical characteristics of knee joint. METHODS: The clinical data of 8 patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis treated with medial fixed platform of Navio robot-assisted UKA between January 2018 and January 2019 and had the complete follow-up data were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 4 females; the age ranged from 58 to 67 years, with an average of 62.3 years. The disease duration was 6-18 months, with an average of 13 months. The varus deformity ranged from 4° to 6°, with an average of 5°; the knee flexion range of motion was 0°-130°, with an average of 110°. All patients had no extension limitation. The imaging data of bilateral knees during sitting-up movement were collected by biplane C-arm X-ray machine at 3 weeks before operation and 7 months after operation. The three-dimensional models of femur and tibia were established by dual-energy CT scanning, and the three-dimensional models of femur and tibia were matched and synchronized with the femur and tibia in X-ray film by automatic matching tracer software. The biomechanical parameters of femur and tibia were measured, including internal rotation/external rotation, varus/valgus, forward/backward displacement of medial and lateral tibia contact center, and lateral compartment joint space. RESULTS: Eight patients were followed up 5-7 months, with an average of 6.4 months. In the comparison of the affected side before and after operation, except for the difference of varus/valgus which was significant (t=4.959, P=0.002), the differences in other indicators was not significant (P>0.05). There were significant differences in varus/valgus and internal rotation/external rotation between healthy and affected sides at 3 weeks before operation (P0.05). At 7 months after operation, the difference in the forward and backward displacement of medial tibia contact center was significant (t=3.798, P=0.007), and the differences in other indicators was not significant (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: UKA can effectively correct the varus and valgus of the knee joint, and restore the rotational biomechanical characteristics of the affected knee joint. It does not affect the establishment of the lateral compartment joint space, but the medial and lateral tibia contact center still changes.

Mounting evidences have indicated that RNA N

The dysfunction or exhaustion of adult stem cells during aging is closely linked to tissue aging and age-related diseases. Circumventing this aging-related exhaustion of adult stem cells could significantly alleviate the functional decline of organs. Therefore, identifying small molecular compounds that could prevent the age-related decline of stem cell function is a primary goal in anti-aging research. Caffeic acid (CA), a phenolic compound synthesized in plants, offers substantial health benefits for multiple age-related diseases and aging. However, the effects of CA on adult stem cells remain largely unknown. Using the Drosophila midgut as a model, this study showed that oral administration with CA significantly delayed age-associated Drosophila gut dysplasia caused by the dysregulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) upon aging. Moreover, administering CA retarded the decline of intestinal functions in aged Drosophila and prevented hyperproliferation of age-associated ISC by suppressing oxidative stress-associated JNK signaling. On the other hand, CA supplementation significantly ameliorated the gut hyperplasia defect and reduced environmentally induced mortality, revealing the positive effects of CA on tolerance to stress responses. Taken together, our findings report a crucial role of CA in delaying age-related changes in ISCs of Drosophila.

Background Many people die from cardiovascular diseases each year, and extreme temperatures are regarded as a risk factor for cardiovascular deaths. However, the relationship between temperature and cardiovascular deaths varies in different regions because of population density, demographic inequality, and economic situation, and the evidence in Ganzhou, China is limited and inconclusive. Objective This study aimed to assess extreme temperature-related cardiovascular mortality and identify the potential vulnerable people. Methods After controlling other meteorological measures, air pollution, seasonality, relative humidity, day of the week, and public holidays, we examined temperature-related cardiovascular mortality along 21 lag days by Poisson in Ganzhou, China. Results A J-shaped relationship was observed between mean temperature and cardiovascular mortality. Extremely low temperatures substantially increased the relative risks (RR) of cardiovascular mortality. The effect of cold temperature was delayed by 2-6 days and persisted for 4-10 days. However, the risk of cardiovascular mortality related to extremely high temperatures was not significant (p > 0.05). Subgroup analysis indicated that extremely low temperatures had a stronger association with cardiovascular mortality in people with cerebrovascular diseases (RR: 1.282, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.020-1.611), males (RR: 1.492, 95% CI: 1.175-1.896), married people (RR: 1.590, 95% CI: 1.224-2.064), and people above the age of 65 years (RR: 1.641, 95% CI: 1.106-2.434) than in people with ischemic heart disease, females, unmarried people, and the elderly (≥65 years old), respectively. Conclusions The type of cardiovascular disease, sex, age, and marital status modified the effects of extremely low temperatures on the risk of cardiovascular mortality. These findings may help local governments to establish warning systems and precautionary measures to reduce temperature-related cardiovascular mortality.

Since the quadruped bionic robot can be widely applied to different terrains, the research on it has always been the focus of robotics-related field. This paper designs a quadruped bionic robot with 8 degrees of freedom. We analyze stability and movement speed of the robot in different gaits. The gait focuses on crawl in triangular gait and trot in diagonal gait. In the case of using 8 degrees of freedom (two per leg), through gait analysis, 3D modeling, physical testing and using larger sole to improve stability, the designed quadruped robot can achieve stable and fast movement.

Internet addiction is a common and challenging problem among adolescents. Previous studies have shown that future time orientation is an important protective factor against internet addiction. In this study, the mediating effect of intolerance of uncertainty and the moderating role of perceived social support were examined on the association between future expectations, regarded as the “prospective life course” perspective of future time orientation, and internet addiction among adolescents. A total of 1,006 Chinese adolescents (54% male and 46% female; Mage = 15.42 years, SD = 1.32) recruited from middle schools completed questionnaires. Results indicated that future expectations were significantly negatively associated with internet addiction, and the link was mediated by intolerance to uncertainty in adolescents. Further, the latent moderated structural equation showed that perceived social support moderated the association between future expectations and intolerance of uncertainty. The association was significant only for adolescents with a higher level of perceived social support. The findings of this study provide specific guidelines for how to prevent adolescent internet addiction.

The aim of this study was to determine the resistance mechanism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium. We retrospectively analyzed the drug resistance of P.a isolated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. Drug-resistant P.a strains were constructed, then wild-type (WT) and drug-resistant (DR) strains were compared using protein and gene microarrays to determine differences between DR and WT strains. The resistance rates of P. aeruginosa during 2013, 2014 and 2015 were 21.2%, 21.4%, and 24.6% respectively. Among 242 protein peaks of WT and DR bacteriophage proteins, 41 were differentially expressed between the two groups. The expression of 26 and 15 proteins were respectively upregulated and downregulated in the DR compared with the WT group. Gene microarray results revealed 679 mutant loci in the DR group, of which 42 with the top 50 Q values were found in the NCBI database. The rate of P.a resistance to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium remained high between 2013 and 2015. The numbers of different proteins and genetic variations in the DR strains suggested that the resistance mechanism of P.a to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium involves multiple genes and proteins that might be key to controlling P.a resistance to cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam sodium.

Although the existing literature has evaluated the energy rebound effect (ERE) from various aspects, the estimates of different types of ERE obtained by different methods still deserve further discussion. For this reason, by analyzing the pros and cons of assessment methods, this study offers a comparison between the direct and economy-wide EREs based on China's transportation sector during the period of 2003-2019. Specifically, on the basis of the translog cost function, we use the dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) method with seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) to evaluate the sectoral direct ERE. Considering that the direct ERE estimation is limited by its strict assumptions, this article further assesses the sectoral ERE from a macro perspective. By constructing the dynamic two-stage panel function, the generalized method of moments (GMM) was adopted to estimate the sectoral economy-wide ERE. The empirical results demonstrate that first, capital and labor relative to energy are Morishima substitutes; second, the sectoral short-term economy-wide ERE in China was 71.60%, while the long-term economy-wide ERE was 32.00% during the study period; third, there are significant regional differences in the EREs of Chinese transportation industry both for the short and long term, and the east China demonstrated the highest sectoral economy-wide ERE.

AimChemerin is a chemokine from adipose tissue that specifically binds to the G protein-coupled receptor ChemR23 and has a chemotactic effect on macrophages and dendritic cells. A correlation between chemerin levels in synovial fluid and disease severity has been demonstrated in patients with osteoarthritis. However, the specific mechanism by which chemerin exerts its effects on osteoarthritis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the mechanism of chemerin-associated synoviocyte inflammation.MethodsCell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were used to identify concentrations of chemerin that had an effect on normal rat synoviocytes. The expression changes of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) pathway marker genes, including MEK, ERK, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 and MMP-13, were detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The phosphorylation of MEK, ERK1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK) by chemerin was analyzed by Western blotting, and the production of inflammatory factors after chemerin treatment was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). For in vivo assessment of chemerin function, rats were subjected to knee operation to provide a model for arthritis. The knees were then injected with normal saline or recombinant chemerin, and three weeks later, the synovium and knee joint tissue were harvested for HE staining observation and the synovial tissue was harvested for ELISA.ResultsChemerin was demonstrated to enhance the proliferation of synoviocytes in a dose-dependent manner. The stimulatory effect of chemerin on synoviocytes was shown to involve the activation of MEK, ERK1/2 and p38, which was associated with the production of MMP-13, MMP-3, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β by synoviocytes. Inhibition of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway significantly inhibited chemerin-induced MMP-13, MMP-3, IL-6 and IL-1β production. HE staining showed that the degree of synovial hyperplasia and articular cartilage abrasion was more severe in chemerin-treated rats after knee operation. The articular cartilage surface was damaged, and the synovial tissue showed inflammatory cell infiltration. In rats that underwent operation without chemerin treatment, there was a slight inflammatory infiltration and higher levels of inflammatory factors as compared to unoperated rats; however, secretion of the downstream inflammatory factors IL-6, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-3 and MMP-13) and IL-1β was significantly greater in the drug-treated group (P

Background Full-thickness rectal prolapse (FTRP) frequently occurs in elderly women, and more than 100 surgical procedures have been proposed to restore FTRP. The Gant-Miwa-Thiersch (GMT) procedure is the most used treatment in China. However, the recurrence rate of FTRP post-GMT, which is as high as 23.8%, is concerning. We described a new modified GMT combined with internal and external rectal sclerosant injection (nmGMTSI) procedure to address this problem. Methods The nmGMTSI was performed under spinal anesthesia in 34 frail, elderly female patients with FTRP. The surgical results of FTRP were assessed. Fecal incontinence and constipation were evaluated using the Wexner score, and anal canal rest pressure (ACRP), maximum anal systolic pressure (MASP), anorectal sensation thresholds (AST), and maximum rectal tolerance (MRT) using anorectal manometry preoperatively and postoperatively. The causes of recurrence and complications were analyzed. Results All patients were cured according to the clinical cure standard. The perioperative Wexner fecal incontinence score (WFIS) was 10.3 ± 3.31, which became 3.7 ± 2.43 (P Conclusion The benefits of nmGMTSI include low rates of recurrence, complications, and mortality, cost-effectiveness, wide adaptation, minimal invasiveness, and technical simplicity. Hence, it should be considered the first option for the treatment of FTRP in frail elderly women.

AIM:To analyze the effectiveness and safety of different surgical strategies for cataract combined with subluxated lens. METHODS: This is a retrospective study. Data are acquired from patients who diagnosed with cataract combined with subluxated lens between November 2018 to May 2019 in the ophthalmological center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. There are 11 eyes in 11 patients(9 males and 2 females), 10 eyes were caused by trauma and 1 eye was unknown. Cataract combined with subluxated lens were treated with different surgery procedures according to the degree of dislocation. Four eyes with lens dislocation larger than 270° underwent intraocular lens suspension; Four eyes with lens dislocation about 180° underwent IOL and tension ring implant in capsular, at the same time, the iris hook was hooked to the lens capsule bag and fixed to the sclera. Three eyes with lens dislocation less than 180° underwent IOL implantation combined with 5-0 polypropylene suture, iris hook was also hooked to the lens capsule bag and fixed to the sclera. If the anterior chamber has vitreous prolapse, anterior vitrectomy was performed. Best corrected visual acuity(BCVA)and intraocular pressure(IOP)were observed before and after surgery. RESULTS: All eyes were successfully implanted with intraocular lens(IOL). Best corrected visual acuity(LogMAR)increased from 0.77±0.26 to 0.35±0.28. Mean IOP decreased from 24.33±13.55 to 13.85±3.80mmHg. No intraoperative complications occurred in all cases.CONCLUSION: In the treatment of lens dislocation with cataract, individualized surgical plan and flexible treatment measures can make cataract surgery safe and effective.

Hypertension and its related complications could be a major threat issue for cardiopathy and stroke. Effective prevention and control can decrease the incidence rate of complications in hypertension. Based on the medical data of 3062 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases from 2017 to 2018 in a grade-A tertiary hospital in Shanghai, the study identified the risk factors of hypertension complications by text mining. On this basis, the K2 algorithm based on the improved particle swarm optimization was proposed to optimize the structure of the Bayesian network (BN) by establishing a multi-population cooperative search mechanism. Then the optimized BN was used to analyze and predict the incidence rate of hypertension complications. Results indicate that the major indicators of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC have been improved, and the proposed algorithm is superior to the common data mining algorithms such as the back propagation neural network and the decision tree. Through the proposed model and algorithm, the high-risk factors were identified and the occurrence probability of hypertension complications was predicted, which could provide the personalized health management guidance for hypertensive patients to prevent and control hypertension complications.

In order to well understand the physicochemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides (OPPs) from different cultivars of okra collected in China, the chemical characteristics, rheological properties, antioxidant activities, in vitro binding properties, and in vitro inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase of polysaccharides from five representative okra cultivars, including ‘Lvjian’, ‘Kalong8’, ‘Shuiguo’, ‘Taiwanwufu’, and ‘Kalong3’, were investigated and compared. Results showed that the constituent monosaccharides of OPPs were similar, which composed of rhamnose, galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose. However, their weight-average molecular weights varied from 2.76 × 103 to 4.20 × 103 kDa, and from 0.11 × 103 to 0.90 × 103 kDa, respectively. The uronic acids and degrees of esterification of OPPs ranged from 39.32% to 61.68%, and from 21.66% to 30.02%, respectively. OPPs exhibited typical shear-thinning behavior and viscoelastic properties. Furthermore, OPPs exhibited remarkable antioxidant activities, in vitro binding capacities, and inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase, which might be attributed to their relatively high content of uronic acids, high degrees of esterification, and high molecular weights. Results are helpful for better understanding of the physicochemical structures and bioactivities of OPPs, and OPPs had good application prospects as functional food ingredients for industrial applications.

BACKGROUND Compared with traditional open surgery, laparoscopic surgery is preferred due to the advantages of less trauma, less pain, and faster recovery. Nevertheless, many patients still suffer from postoperative pain resulting from the surgical incision and associated tissue injury. Many researchers have reported methods to improve postoperative pain control, but there is not a simple and effective method that can be clinically adopted in a widespread manner. We designed this study to prove the hypothesis that application of ropivacaine in the port site and operative site in patients is an effective and convenient method which can decrease postoperative pain and accelerate recovery. AIM To evaluate the effects of ropivacaine on pain control after laparoscopic hepatectomy and its contribution to patient recovery. METHODS From May 2017 to November 2018, 146 patients undergoing laparoscopic hepatectomy were randomized to receive infiltration of either 7.5 mg/mL ropivacaine around the trocar insertions, incision, and cutting surface of the liver (with a gelatin sponge soaked with ropivacaine) at the end of surgery (ropivacaine group), or normal saline (5 mL) at the same sites at the end of surgery (control group). The degree of pain, nausea, vomiting, heart rate (HR), and blood pressure were collected. The length of postoperative hospitalization, complications, and the levels of stress hormones were also compared between the two groups. RESULTS Compared with the control group, the ropivacaine group showed reduced postoperative pain at rest within 12 h (P < 0.05), and pain on movement was reduced within 48 h. The levels of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and cortisol at 24 and 48 h, HR, blood pressure, and cumulative sufentanil consumption in the ropivacaine group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). In the ropivacaine group, hospitalization after operation was shorter, but the difference was not statistically significant. There were no significant differences in postoperative nausea, vomiting, or other complications, including hydrothorax, ascites, peritonitis, flatulence, and venous thrombus (P > 0.05), although fewer patients in the ropivacaine group experienced these situations. CONCLUSION Infiltration with ropivacaine in the abdominal wound and covering the cutting surface of the liver with a gelatin sponge soaked with ropivacaine significantly reduce postoperative pain and the consumption of sufentanil.

Seven compounds including a new one named as 13-angeloyloxy-diplosporin (1) were isolated from the endophytic Phomopsis sp. 0391 cultivated in the presence of a histone deacetylase inhibitor. All of these isolates were evaluated for lipase suppressive activities and we firstly found that compounds cytosporone B (5) and dothiorelone A (6) displayed significant lipase inhibited activities compared to the positive control (Orlistat, IC50 = 43 μg/mL) with the IC50 values at 115 and 275 μg/mL, respectively.