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Introduction. Aneurysms of visceral arteries in the abdominal cavity are very rare. Often aneurysms of branches of the abdominal aorta are an incidental finding as patients seldom present obvious clinical signs or pathological changes in the organ supplied by the artery involved. The incidence of aneurysms of branches connecting the celiac trunk and the upper mesenteric artery amounts to 3.5% of all the cases of aneurysms of abdominal aorta arteries, mostly the gastroduodenal artery. This paper presents a case of minimally invasive treatment of gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm at the BSMU Clinic.Materials and methods. Patient K, a 47-year-old female, was admitted for emergency treatment at the Bashkir State Medical University Clinic in May 2019. The patient’s complaints included feeling weak, black stool for seven days prior, faintness and epigastric pain.Results and discussions. Instrumental examination and angiography data demonstrated that the size of the pseudoaneurysm has increased 2.5 times and reached 65×45 mm; the clinical picture led to the conclusion that the aneurysm was ready to rupture and that there was an immediate need to stop the blood flow to the gastroduodenal artery pseudoaneurysm.Conclusion. The range of currently available image-guided surgical procedures makes it possible to perform adequate embolization of pathological structures such as artery aneurysms.

The Eurasian (née European) Modern Pollen Database (EMPD) was established in 2013 to provide a public database of high-quality modern pollen surface samples to help support studies of past climate, land cover, and land use using fossil pollen. The EMPD is part of, and complementary to, the European Pollen Database (EPD) which contains data on fossil pollen found in Late Quaternary sedimentary archives throughout the Eurasian region. The EPD is in turn part of the rapidly growing Neotoma database, which is now the primary home for global palaeoecological data. This paper describes version 2 of the EMPD in which the number of samples held in the database has been increased by 60 % from 4826 to 8134. Much of the improvement in data coverage has come from northern Asia, and the database has consequently been renamed the Eurasian Modern Pollen Database to reflect this geographical enlargement. The EMPD can be viewed online using a dedicated map-based viewer at https://empd2.github.io and downloaded in a variety of file formats at https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.909130 (Chevalier et al., 2019).

The aim of the research was to study steppe cherry cultivars of various environmental origin in the context of their productivity, environmental plasticity and stability in the environments of Chelyabinsk Province. Evaluation of the studied set of cultivars helped to identify adaptable steppe cherries: ‘Izobilnaya’ (4.39 t/ha; KA = 1.54), ‘Shchedraya’ (4.42 t/ha; KA = 1.37), ‘Galimovka’ (3.83 t/ha; KA = 1,36), ‘Mayak’ (4.04 t/ha; KA = 1.30), ‘Ashinskaya’’ (t/ha 3.42; KA = 1.28) and ‘Mechta Zauralya’ (3.29 t/ha; KA = 1.07). The most interesting among them are intensive-type cultivars responding well to improved growing conditions, such as the steppe cherry cultivars developed at Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station: ‘Shchedraya’ (bi = 1.99), ‘Mechta Zauralya’ (1.85) and ‘Mayak’ (1.47). The Chelyabinsk cultivar ‘Galimovka’, submitted for state trials in 2018, falls under the category of environmentally plastic and stable cultivars (bi = 0.77; Si2 = 0.5), while cv. ‘Ashinskaya’ demonstrated during the tests a neutral genotype, as it poorly responded to changing environmental conditions (bi = 0.32; Si2 = 0.1). A new cultivar, ‘Vita’, with a fairly high yield (3.05 t/ha), developed at Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station, belongs to the environmentally plastic category (bi = 1.10), but its yield stability proved to be insufficient in the environments of the Southern Urals (Si2 = 2.2).

The year 2019 was marked by the 750th anniversary of the Golden Horde in the scho­larly and research environment of medievalists. A number of academic events were organized in honor of this historic event: a series of academic conferences, round tables, scholarly and educational lectures, art exhibitions, publications of monographs, publications of translations, facsimiles and transliterations of an extensive range of historical sources on the history of the Golden Horde. The bulk of this output was, for the first time, introduced into scholarly circulation. Among these events, it is worth noting the Sixth International Golden Horde Forum with the participation of international experts on the history of the Golden Horde was held on 26–28 June 2019. Two other significant events held at the end of 2019 were also dedicated to the history of the Golden Horde: the roundtable “Civilization of the Golden Horde and Its Influence on the Fate of the Peoples of Eurasia,” held as part of the First International St. Petersburg Historical Forum (1 November 2019, St. Petersburg, Russia), and the International Academic Symposium “Golden Horde and Its Heritage” (25–26 November 2019, Istanbul, Turkey). It is worth noting that both final events were held in the aforementioned cities for the first time this century. The scholarly and research communities of these two large academic centers of the world welcomed these events with great enthusiasm, actively supported them with their own participation, and viewed the results with considerable interest. Thanks to this, the organizers of these events managed to conduct them in as balanced a manner as possible and, at the same time, presented new developments and ideas, including currently relevant and advanced research results on the history of the Golden Horde.

The article reflects materials on modern advanced methods of surveying the existing mooring and shore protection structures of the Balaklava Bay of the Republic of Crimea. The main purpose of the survey was to determine the technical condition and the actual bearing capacity of hydraulic structures, taking into account the existing physical wear. Article discusses the issues and problems of engineering survey and information modeling of marine port hydraulic structures using the example of existing objects. The application of such modern methods of inspection of hydraulic structures as sonar areal survey, ultrasonic thickness measurement, geo-radar study, seismic acoustic study of the depth of immersion of piles, underwater survey by means of remotely operated underwater vehicles is illustrated and analysed in present article. The experience of creating digital counterparts of port hydraulic structures using modern domestic software is considered. In the course of the work performed, it was confirmed that the exceptionally completeness and versatility of field research using modern equipment, as well as mathematical modeling in software and computing complexes, taking into account actual physical wear, can contribute to obtaining real reliable information about the available reserves of bearing capacity, durability and safety of the studied structures.

For the first time a pyrrolidinofullerene salt containing a spiropyran group and an ammonium group, capable of reversibly reacting to UV radiation, has been synthesized. Photoinduced reactions of the synthesized compounds were studied using absorption and luminescence spectroscopies, spectral and kinetic characteristics were measured. The hybrid molecule was found to exhibit intrinsic fluorescence even in the spirocyclic form. The C60 derivative showed a higher stability and better spectral and luminescent properties than the precursor.

A majority of the students at physical education universities are actual athletes who have “double career”. They combine getting professional education with professional sport activities. In this regard, sport activities of students form an important part of their future career, because it is the informal way of getting professional knowledge and skills. However, today there are no officially recognized organizational and pedagogical approaches to the formalization and assessment of informal education outcomes, which student-athletes demonstrate during their sport activities. Consequently, there are very few practices of making individual university programs for student-athletes based on their informal education outcomes. The study purpose was to develop and approbate a model of substantial integration of study process and sport training at the sports university as a method of combination of formal and informal education types for student-athletes. The study included a comparative analysis of educational and professional standards, elaboration of measures for substantial integration of sport and educational process, and study of athletes’ academic performance. In addition, we used methods of modeling, interviewing, expert assessment and mathematical statistics in our study. The study revealed the coherence of athletes’ knowledge, skills and activities and the competencies they acquire at the sports university. We demonstrated that elite athletes gain knowledge, skills and attitudes envisaged in the educational program in the framework of their sport activities. We have designed the model of individual university program for elite athletes, which corresponds to the techniques of integration of formal and informal education types.

Introduction. Thin-walled structural elements, combining lightness with high strength, are widely used in all industries. Widespread round design elements. However, based on the functional purpose, thin-walled structural elements of various shapes in plan are becoming more and more common. Methods. A technique has been developed for the study of thin elliptic membranes for the case of plastic deformation under the action of uniform pressure. The deflections of the membranes in the experiment are more than ten thicknesses. In this regard, to solve the problem, the following are used: geometric nonlinear relations for the deformations of the middle surface (according to Kh.M. Mushtari and K. Z. Galimov), relations for finite displacements and deformations for curvature expressions (according to K.Z. Galimov), physical relations (according to the theory of plasticity A.A. Ilyushin). Due to the smallness of the membrane thickness, only tensile membrane strains and forces are taken into account. The problem is solved by the Bubnov - Galerkin method and reduced to solving a nonlinear system of three algebraic equations. The “shooting” algorithm for solving the resulting system of equations is described. Results. The work on the assessment of the reliability of the results. To estimate the error, the comparison of the calculation results with the experimental results of G.D. Golovlev was also performed. An example of the calculation of an elliptical membrane is considered.

Objective: Based on a systematic method of historical information and a partial historical reconstruction using narrative sources, the objective here is to cast doubt on the interpretation of the Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480 as the liberation of Rus’ian lands from dependence on the Horde. Research materials: A number of synchronous annalistic sources and acts containing information about the event. This material obviously contradicts the Soviet interpretation of the issue, which has remained popular in modern historiography. In addition, modern domestic and foreign studies also contain voluminous materials that do not allow us to consider this event as a release from Horde. Results and novelty of the research: The published sources do not allow us to consider the Great Stand on the Ugra River in 1480 as an event that put an end to the dependence of the Rus’ian lands on the Horde. Several obvious circumstances provide evidence for the judgment advanced here. Firstly, the chronicles attribute the resolution of this conflict to divine power and describe this event in a way that does not allow us to consider it as a victory for either the Rus’ian or the Horde’s military forces. Secondly, the continued payment of tribute to the Tatar khanates indicates both the long-term dependence of the Rus’ian lands and the preservation of the internal unity of the post-Horde political space which continued to pose a threat to the Moscow state. The research results are shared by modern experts on the history of the Golden Horde and the Tatar Khanates.

New salts of photochromic indoline spiropyrans capable of reversibly responding to UV radiation were synthesized to develop light-controlled materials. Photoinduced reactions of the synthesized compounds were studied using absorption and luminescence spectroscopies, and the quantum yields of photoisomerization and other spectral and kinetic characteristics were measured. It was shown that the light sensitivity and photostability of the synthesized compounds are considerably influenced by the length of the spacer between the indole and ammonium nitrogen atoms.

In this paper, we studied the role of the crystal structure in spheroidal CdSe nanocrystals on the band-edge exciton fine structure. Ensembles of zinc blende and wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals are investigated experimentally by two optical techniques: fluorescence line narrowing (FLN) and time-resolved photoluminescence. We argue that the zero-phonon line evaluated by the FLN technique gives the ensemble-averaged energy splitting between the lowest bright and dark exciton states, while the activation energy from the temperature-dependent photoluminescence decay is smaller and corresponds to the energy of an acoustic phonon. The energy splittings between the bright and dark exciton states determined using the FLN technique are found to be the same for zinc blende and wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals. Within the effective mass approximation, we develop a theoretical model considering the following factors: (i) influence of the nanocrystal shape on the bright–dark exciton splitting and the oscillator strength of the bright exciton, and (ii) shape dispersion in the ensemble of the nanocrystals. We show that these two factors result in similar calculated zero-phonon lines in zinc blende and wurtzite CdSe nanocrystals. The account of the nanocrystals shape dispersion allows us to evaluate the linewidth of the zero-phonon line.

Background. To analyze the results of the radionuclide diagnostic method in patients with neuroischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome before and after conservative treatment. Materials and methods. 18 patients with neuroischemic form of diabetic foot syndrome were selected for the research. They received only conservative therapy and surgical debridement. The patients underwent a standard range of laboratory and instrumental studies, and underwent scintigraphy of the lower extremities with the radiopharm Tcpyrfotech drug before and after receiving a course of conservative therapy. Results. After conservative therapy, 13 (72.2%) patients noted an improvement in their condition, noted a decrease in pain in the affected limb, an increase in painless walking distance, and healing of ulcers. In 5 (27.8%) patients, no positive dynamics was observed against the background of conservative therapy. When conducting scintigraphy of the lower extremities before treatment, in all patients with a visual comparative analysis of scintigrams, an uneven pattern was observed in the accumulation of radiopharm drug in symmetrical leg muscles with an area of muscle hypoperfusion in the affected lower extremity. Before treatment, the quantitative indicator of impulses from the muscles of the affected leg averaged 414 ± 36.2, the “healthy” leg − 990 ± 35.1. After treatment, the number of impulses from the affected limb increased to an average of 606 ± 42.8, in the “healthy” one to 1097 ± 35.4. The increase in the number of impulses from radiopharm drug in the affected lower limb in dynamics during treatment is statistically significant (Critical value of Student’s t-test 2.11, p = 0.000). Conclusions. Carrying out radionuclide diagnostics of the lower extremities in dynamics for patients with diabetic foot syndrome makes it possible to assess the effectiveness of the treatment, and to revise the tactics of patient management in a timely manner. Further research in this area will reveal the potential of this research method.

A practical application composite based on mixed chelate complexes [M(S-Ala)2(H2O)n]–[M(S-Phe)2(H2O)n] (M = Cu(II), Zn(II); n = 0–1) as chiral selectors in enantioselective voltammetric sensors was suggested. The structures of the resulting complexes were studied by XRD, ESI-MS, and IR- and NMR-spectroscopy methods. It was determined that enantioselectivity depends on the metal nature and on the structure of the mixed complex. The mixed complexes, which were suggested to be chiral selectors, were stable under the experimental conditions and provided greater enantioselectivity in the determination of chiral analytes, such as naproxen and propranolol, in comparison with the amino acids they comprise. The best results shown by the mixed copper complex [Cu(S-Ala)2]–[Cu(S-Phe)2] were: ipS/ipR = 1.27 and ΔEp = 30 mV for Nap; and ipS/ipR = 1.37 and ΔEp = 20 mV for Prp. The electrochemical and analytical characteristics of the sensors and conditions of voltammogram recordings were studied by differential pulse voltammetry. Linear relationships between the anodic current and the concentrations of Nap and Prp enantiomers were achieved in the range of 2.5 × 10−5 to 1.0 × 10−3 mol L−1 for GCE/PEC-[Cu(S-Ala)2]–[Cu(S-Phe)2] and 5.0 × 10−5 to 1.0 × 10−3 for GCE/PEC–[Zn(S-Ala)2(H2O)]–[Zn(S-Phe)2(H2O)], with detection limits (3 s/m) of 0.30–1.24 μM. The suggested sensor was used to analyze Nap and Prp enantiomers in urine and plasma samples.

Background Oral nicotine gum such as LUCY, which comes in colorful packaging, mimicking traditional chewing gum, is becoming popular. Many brands of gum have not been approved by the FDA for smoking cessation. This study examined public discourse about, including sentiment toward, oral nicotine gum on Twitter. Methods We used Twitter's Streaming Application Programming Interface to collect data from January 1, 2021, to December 21, 2021, using "nicotine gum" and/or "#nicotinegum" search terms (N  = 19 171 unique tweets were collected). We used an inductive approach to become familiar with the data, generated a codebook, and conducted a content analysis on (n  = 2152) tweets. Results Cessation (n  = 716, 33.3%), personal experience (n  = 370, 17.2%), and addiction to gum (n  = 135, 6.3%) were the most prevalent themes. Cessation tweets primarily discussed cigarette smoking cessation (n  = 418, 58.4% of cessation tweets) and successful cessation experiences (n  = 155, 21.6%). Other identified themes pertained to using nicotine gum for cognitive enhancement or catching a "buzz" (n  = 102, 4.7%), marketing (n  = 98, 4.6%), using nicotine gum with other substances (n  = 90, 4.2%), and adverse effects (n  = 63, 2.9%). Sentiment analysis results revealed that 675 (44.2%) tweets were categorized as neutral, 605 (39.6%) tweets were classified as positive, and 248 tweets (16.2%) were negative. Conclusions About one-third of tweets in our corpus mentioned nicotine gum in the context of smoking cessation. Most nicotine gum-related posts conveyed positive and neutral sentiments. Future studies should consider adding novel nicotine gum-specific search terms as well as exploring other social media platforms to gain more insights about these products. Implications Our findings suggest that Twitter has the potential to track and facilitate conversations between those seeking cigarette cessation advice and those who have successfully quit tobacco by using nicotine gum. Monitoring of promotional content from nicotine gum companies is needed to ensure these products are not appealing to youth and nonusers of tobacco. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiments on the growth of self-assembled InP/GaInP2 quantum dots in dielectric mask 0.1–1 μm apertures by MOVPE epitaxy have been carried out. A sequence of operations for the implementation of the lift-off lithography method is proposed and implemented. The possibility of obtaining apertures with 100 nm diameter and less is shown. Combination of thermally deposited SiO2 and wet etching is shown to produce minimal amount of nonradiative defects and results in a stable PL signal from single QDs in the aperture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION JUUL is a high-nicotine pod-based vaping device that is popular among adolescents and young adults. On 23 June 2022, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) denied authorization to market JUUL, and ordered JUUL Labs to remove products from the US market. The next day, a US federal appeals court temporarily suspended the ban. The mixed public discourse surrounding the FDA ban warrants further investigation. METHODS This study examined Twitter data to describe public reaction to these announcements. Posts containing terms 'JUUL' and/or '#JUUL' (N=97548 unique tweets) were collected from 23 June to 3 July 2022, from Twitter's Streaming Application Programming Interface (API). After removing retweets, we used an inductive approach to become familiar with the data, generated a codebook, and conducted a content analysis on a random sample of n=4000 tweets. RESULTS A total of 2755 (68.9%) tweets discussed JUUL in the context of the FDA ban. News (n=1425/2755; 51.7%) about the JUUL ban, government distrust (n=588; 21.3%), and individual rights (n=253; 9.2%) were the most prevalent themes. Less commonly discussed themes included inconsistencies between policies (n=174; 6.3%), mentions of switching to other products (n=162; 5.9%), smoking cessation (n=99; 3.6%), and craving for JUUL (n=94; 3.4%). Sentiment analysis of JUUL ban-related posts (n=2755) demonstrated that 1989 (72.2%) tweets were categorized as neutral, while anti-ban posts (n=566; 20.5%) were more prevalent than pro-ban posts (n=200; 7.3%). CONCLUSIONS Besides straightforward announcements of the JUUL ban and its suspension, Twitter posts discussed government distrust, individual rights, and policy inconsistencies. While most posts conveyed neutral sentiments, anti-ban posts were almost three times more prevalent than pro-ban posts. Our findings suggest that text-based social media platforms like Twitter may be an effective instrument to understand opinions, attitudes, and beliefs regarding the FDA's JUUL ban. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]