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The investigation standardized the protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation system in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L), cultivar ‘Arka Neelkanth’ . Initially the regeneration system was standardized with regeneration medium (MS basal medium supplemented with 8.88 µM BAP + 1.14 µM IAA) by using 10-12 days old cotyledon explants. Transformation of the hevein, a gene responsible for fungal resistance. into cotyledon explants was carried out with Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain LBA4404 harbouring binary plasmid pGPTV/hevein (Plasmid Gus Plant Transformation Vector) with marker gene neomycin phosphotransferase (npt-II). Transformation efficiency showed a higher percentage in one day pre-cultured explants, infected with bacterial suspension of optical density 0.4 at OD600 nm with 1:1 dilution for 10min and 48hrs co-cultivation on regeneration medium in the dark. Transformed explants were cultured on selection medium. The PCR molecular confirmation of amplified npt-II gene from the genomic DNA of the transformed plant indicates the integration of the hevein gene in the brinjal plant.

The flow from a supersonic nozzle when operated at off-design conditions exhibits a wide variety of complex flow structures. The prominent ones are the shock reflections inside the jet. The two main types of shock interactions are the regular reflection (RR) and Mach reflection (MR). The prominent characteristic change in the shock pattern when an RR transforms into an MR is the appearance of the Mach stem with a subsonic region downstream of it. The estimation of the Mach stem height gives the size of the subsonic domain and is a direct method to predict the transition from RR to MR or vice versa. The present study is carried out to estimate the size of the Mach stem in an inviscid jet in the overexpanded regime. The analytical methods employed here are the extension of the techniques developed to estimate the Mach stem size in the wedge flows by Li & Ben-Dor (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 341, 1997a, pp. 101–125), Mouton & Hornung (AIAA J., vol. 45, issue 8, 2007, pp. 1977–1987) and Bai & Wu (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 818, 2017, pp. 116–140). The results from the analytical formulation have been compared with the high resolution computational and experimental results. The analytical method reveals that the open jet has a unique, stable MR configuration and forms an upper limit for achievable Mach stem height for the wedge flows. Apart from the estimation of Mach stem height, the growth rates of Mach stem where the RR–MR transition takes place are also calculated and compared with the ones corresponding to wedge flows.

The highly complicated and unsteady flow phenomena associated with a moving projectile in the interior and the transitional ballistic regimes are modelled analytically. It is attempted to estimate the unsteady aerodynamic forces generated on a supersonic projectile launched from an aero-ballistic range using a Lagrangian approach. A comprehensive analytical model is proposed to predict the entire projectile motion right from its start in the launch tube until it enters the exterior ballistic regime. Inviscid axisymmetric flow is considered in the interior and the intermediate ballistic regimes with isentropic assumptions except at the shock locations. The model provides a first-hand estimate of the projectile aerodynamic characteristics launched from a ballistic range with less than 5% error when compared to the computational results in the muzzle properties, which provides valuable design data for the ballistic range designers.

The purpose of the present work is to visualize the separation dynamics of a new lift separation sabot. Conventional sabots used for launching kinetic energy projectiles are a major contributor to the dispersion of the penetrator due to the mechanical interaction between sabot and the penetrator during separation. A sabot with an aerodynamic lifting surface close to the center of gravity is designed and launched from a 25mm caliber gas gun. The visualization results show that the sabot is separating from the penetrator with less rotation of the sabot which leads to less mechanical interaction between the latter and the former.

Zora Neale Hurston embodies all the logical inconsistencies, all the pinnacles and valleys of the writer’s life. She made her life, a memorial, and her spirits stay striking, flammable, stimulating and rousing, constantly modifying the world. Zora Neale Hurston has driven the route in drawing in the meanings of character and encounters inside connections. Her novel “Johah’s Gourd Vine” is scholarly substance is occupied with clarifying connections that can help rediscover the meaning of human relationships. Hurston like numerous other dark fiction journalists stress the dark preacher’s use of their way of life and history to make the African-American’s understands a world that is significant to them. This paper reveals the convention of dark self-assurance incorporates a sort of interior, regional dark patriotism and envelops free African-American populations.

Industrialization and globalization, both on an international and local scale, have caused large quantities of toxic chemicals to be released into the environment. Thus, developing an environmental pollutant sensor platform that is sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective is extremely important. In current years, considerable progress has been made in the expansion of electrochemical sensors and biosensors to monitor the environment using nanomaterials. A large number of emerging biomarkers are currently in existence in the biological fluids, clinical, pharmaceutical and bionanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensor platforms have drawn much attention. Electrochemical systems have been used to detect biomarkers rapidly, sensitively, and selectively using biomaterials such as biopolymers, nucleic acids, proteins etc. In this current review, several recent trends have been identified in the growth of electrochemical sensor platforms using nanotechnology such as carbon nanomaterials, metal oxide nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, biomaterials and polymers. The integration strategies, applications, specific properties and future projections of nanostructured materials for emerging progressive sensor platforms are also observed. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of nanoparticles in the field of electrochemical sensors and biosensors.

Eosinophilia can be a manifestation of a variety of causes such as infections, allergic reactions and autoimmune processes. Also, it is described in various solid malignancies in the presence of tumour eosinophilic infiltration. We report a patient of high-grade urinary bladder cancer with eosinophilic leukemoid reaction and tumour histopathology demonstrated diffuse infiltration of eosinophils. Though the entity is described to carry a good prognosis in literature, our experience is totally different as the patient deteriorated rapidly in a matter of days, was deemed inoperable in view of worsening performance status and was referred for palliative management.

In this study, pristine ZrO2 (600 °C) and Mg (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles were effectively synthesized at about 10 nm size and achieved complete degradation of methyl violet and methyl blue dyes under UV irradiation. The calcined products were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, FESEM-EDX, TEM-SAED pattern and XPS techniques. The tetragonal crystal structure of the pristine ZrO2 and Mg (0.02–0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles were affirmed by XRD analysis. The Mg (0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles were approximately in quasi-spherical morphology and high agglomeration was confirmed by FESEM and TEM results. The surface defects and oxygen vacancies were analyzed by PL spectroscopy. The Mg (0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles exhibited enlarged photocatalytic activity with 94% and 90% degradation of methyl violet and methyl blue dyes under UV irradiation.

An echocardiographic investigation is one of the key modalities of diagnosis in patients suffering from COVID 19, especially if they are elderly, have associated comorbid conditions, and pregnant. Hence, it is becoming extremely essential to look into the correct safety precautions, health-care professionals must take while conducting an echo investigation. At the same time, a focused echo examination aimed at correct imaging view acquisition in the shortest possible time is the need of the hour. The decision matrix formulated for conducting an echocardiographic evaluation is based on the presence or absence of cardiological comorbidity vis-a-vis positive or suspected for COVID- 19. The safety measures and image acquisition have been constructed keeping in mind the current safety precautions by the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India. Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 13(1): 97-101

In this work, Mn doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO) thin films were coated onto glass substrates by low cost SILAR technique by altering dipping cycle such as 40, 60, 80 and 100. The film thickness was estimated using weight gain method and it revealed that the film thickness increased with dipping cycle. The structural, morphological, elemental and FTIR properties of the coated Mn doped ZnO films were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDAX and FTIR spectrophotometer respectively. The prepared films were found to be hexagonal structure with polycrystalline in nature with preferential orientation along (002) plane. X-ray line profile analysis was used to evaluate the micro structural parameters. The crystallite size values are increased with increase of dipping cycle. Morphological results showed that the dipping cycle has a marked effect on morphology of the prepared Mn doped ZnO thin films. EDAX studies showed that the presence of Zinc, Oxygen and Mn content.

BACKGROUND The field of orthopaedic surgery has been creating new information, establishing new principles of treatment, and solving both new and old problems of the musculoskeletal system. Fractures of proximal humerus are still unsolved fractures in many ways. Disagreement exists regarding reliability of classification system. The indication for surgical management continues to be modified. Fixation techniques are myriad, and none is ideal for all cases. Fractures of proximal humerus are not uncommon especially in older age group. They have been reported to account for 4% - 5% of all fractures. We wanted to study the clinical profile, pattern, and functional outcome of fracture proximal humerus. METHODS This is a cross sectional study on the surgical management of proximal humerus fractures by using proximal humeral locking compression plate. Convenient sampling technique was used for this study. A total of 25 cases were included for the study after careful observation of inclusion criteria. Pre-structured questionnaires were adapted to collect the details from the study individuals. Data was entered in the MS Excel and analysed by means and proportions with appropriate statistics. RESULTS Proximal humerus fractures were found to have high incidence in the 40 - 60 years age group. Out of these 25 cases, there were 20 (80%) males and 5 (20%) females, ratio of males to female was 4:1. The age incidence of the study was as follows- almost equal number of study subjects reported with right 13 (52%) and left 12 (48%) sided shoulder (humerus) involvement. None had both the sides involved. CONCLUSIONS The proximal humerus fractures are a result of trauma and road traffic accidents are major causes of trauma. Proximal humerus fractures are seen in all age groups from 3 rd decade to 8 th decade and the major cause was road traffic accidents (high energy injury). It was more common in males; whereas in women, proximal humerus fractures are due to osteoporosis mostly seen in 5 th decade and above. Locking Proximal Humeral Plate (LPHP)/PHILOS-Plate allows stable fixation in all Neer’s fracture types of proximal humerus fracture and dislocation of proximal humerus. Satisfactory reduction of the fracture and optimal positioning of the plate under image control is of paramount importance for obtaining good results. In the medial comminuted fractures of the proximal humerus there is a need for additional fixation with inferomedial locking screws.

Hybrid fiber reinforced concrete can be defined as concrete that reinforced by two or more types of fibers. This study aims to study the mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete where the fibers used were consists of steel fiber and polypropylene fiber. For this purpose five mixes, one normal control mix and four hybrid fiber reinforced concrete mixes were prepared. The volume of steel and polypropylene fiber is kept content from 0.0 to 1%. Slump Test was carried out for each mix in the fresh state in order to determine the workability of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Meanwhile, compressive test, flexural test and split tensile test were carried out to study the mechanical properties of the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. From the slump test all specimens show low workability. For the result of Compressive split tensile and Flexural Test, the normal control mix shows normal strength development but all the hybrid fiber reinforced concrete mixes gain their strength higher the normal control mix. The expected outcome which is the strength of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete is higher than the strength of normal concrete did achieved. So, further research need to be carried out with some adjustments of methods or materials.

The entropy of past lifetime is closely related to the reversed hazard rate. Since the reversed hazard rate of a non negative random variable with an absolutely continuous distribution can neither ...

High strength concrete is widely used for construction of high rise structures like bridges and dams so on. But using high strength concrete cost us more. Alternatively we can use some admixtures which can increase strength indirectly. In this project we have used GGBS, MICROSILICA AND ALCCOFINE and CRYSO is 1% in chemical admixture. On conducting different trail mixes we have come to know that by using 0%, 5%,10%,15%,20% and 25% is tested in normal water for 3, 7, 28 days. The results showed the suitability of concrete improvement in strength in normal water. In this paper reports from few researchers have been studied on strength and durability performance of alccofine as a partial replacement of cement in concrete. The efforts made by the researchers for enhancing the performance of concrete over the last few years proved that supplementary cementitious materials with mineral and chemical admixtures can improve the strength and durability of concrete. Alccofine is one among the supplementary cementious materials. Alccofine is new pozzolanic material which is bringing technical revolution in the construction industry. From the survey it is found the alccofine can achieve high strength when is replaced by cement at 0% - 20% compared to the traditional concrete. Micro silica is an amorphous type of silica dust mostly collected in bag house filters as by-product of the silicon and ferro-silicon production. The paper summarizes important physical and chemical properties of micro silica and uses those results for an evaluation of micro silica from a Health Safety and Environment (HSE) standpoint. Micro silica consists of spherical particles with an average particle size of 150 nm and a specific surface area of typically 20 m3/g. The chemical and physical properties of this inorganic product are different as compared to other amorphous and crystalline silica poly morphs. More than 500.000 MT of micro silica are sold to the building industry world-wide and are used in fibre cement, concrete, oil-well drilling, refractories, and even in polymers.

In the present article, we propose nonparametric estimators for the past inaccuracy measure for the lifetime distribution based on right censored data. Two non parametric estimators, one based on t...

This study focuses on enhancing the free vibration characteristics of epoxy polymers by reinforcing it with Phoenix sp. fibers and nano-clay for the first time. The composites were prepared by vary...

This paper investigates the starting transients in vacuum ejector and its dependence on various geometric configurations. Various geometric parameters investigated were the ratio of diffuser to pri...

This work is aimed at developing relations between the pertinent variables that affect drilling process of stainless steel using artificial neural network. The experiments were conducted on vertical CNC machining centre. The parameters used were spindle speed and feed rate. The effect of machining parameters on entry burr height, exit burr height and surface roughness was experimentally evaluated for different spindle speeds and feed rates. A model was established between the drilling parameters and experimentally obtained data using ANN. The predicted values and measured values are fairly close, which indicates that the developed model can be effectively used to predict the burr height and surface roughness in drilling of stainless steel. Genetic algorithm (GA) technique was used in this work to identify the optimized drilling parameters. Confirmation test was conducted with the optimized parameters and it was found that confirmation test results were similar to that of GA-predicted output values.