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Menstruation, a gynecological bleeding that occurs periodically in the absence of pregnancy, is associated with Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), characterized by physical and emotional changes such as irritability, cramps, low back pain, headache and mastalgia. Since those symptoms impacts the women routine, self-medication becomes a frequent practice. However, the drugs traditionally used for this purpose can cause side effects, such as: gastrointestinal and renal changes, cardiovascular risk, thromboembolism, among others. Considering the importance of natural ways of pain management for the female population, this study aimed to observe how integrative and complementary practices affects PMS symptoms in Northeastern Brazilian women and discuss evidence about the benefit of these practices. A questionnaire about PMS was applied, and the results was achieved by frequency analysis and Pearson's Chi-Square Test, using the IBM SPSS Statistics program. The results showed high prevalence of symptoms associated with PMS among study participants and significant impact in social life and productivity at work. It can also be seen that the adoption of practices such as yoga, aromatherapy, meditation, and herbal medicine contribute to the relief of PMS. Since phytotherapy has become quite efficient in this sense, evidence was sought in the literature about the properties of the herbs most used by the sample studied. It was concluded that routine consumption of herbs with antiinflammatory and analgesic properties has much to contribute to improving the quality of life of the female population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Endoparasitism, particularly infections by gastrointestinal nematodes (e.g., Haemochus sp.), has been associated with economic losses within sheep production systems in tropical regions. Thus, implementing therapeutic alternatives that are environmentally sustainable is essential for parasite integral control programs. Objectives: Evaluate in-vitro the effect of Momordica charantia methanolic extract on the Haemonchus sp. eggs' hatching process. Methods: Nematode eggs were retrieved from experimentally infected sheep and exposed to 10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/mL of methanolic extract of M. charantia. Hatching percentages were recorded from five replicates, and CL50 and CL90 were estimated through Probit regression analysis. Results: A significant effect on the hatching percentages were observed, from 24.2% up to 84.6% inhibition (p<0.05). The LC50 and LC90 estimated were 52.2 mg/mL (95%CI 37.87-63.22) and 201.45 mg/mL (95%CI 186.01-221.89), respectively. Utilizing a preliminary phytochemical analysis, potential antihelmintic compounds such as alkaloid, triterpenes, and anthracenic glycosides groups were identified in the methanolic extract. Conclusions: In the in-vitro test, the methanolic extract of M. charantia was effective in inhibiting the hatching of Haemonchus sp., which is important to promote other bio-guided fractionation studies of this plant on different life stages of H. contortus, this being a plant species widely adapted to the conditions of the piedmont (foothills) of Meta, Colombia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: considering the importance of natural products of traditional use, the work proposed the evaluation of quality parameters and in vitro antimicrobial activity of the gargle produced at the Popular Education Center (Cenep), Nova Palmeira (PB), and used for the treatment of oropharynx and tonsil disorders. Methodology: Three gargle samples were analyzed, in order to evaluate the microbiological aspect, the count of viable microorganisms was performed, by pour plate method. Materials and methods: The evaluation of antimicrobial activity in vitro against S. pyogenes was performed using the agar diffusion method and the physicochemical parameters determined were pH, dry residue, density, as well as phytochemical characterization. Results: They had microbial counts within the limits established by the pharmacopoeia. The antimicrobial activity against S. pyogenes had inhibition halos ranging from 10.5 to 18.6 mm for diluted and pure samples, respectively. The physical-chemical parameters showed pH 4.39 ± 0.16; the dry residue of 14.43 ± 1.00; and the density of 1.013 ± 0.010. The phytochemical profile was characterized by the presence of tannins, alkaloids and flavonoids. Conclusion: Thus, the gargle was suitable for use, considering the microbiological, physical-chemical, phytochemical parameters presented, as well as the proof of antimicrobial efficacy suitable for the proposed therapeutic use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional groups that inhabit the Northeastern region, especially the rural ones, of the Caatinga Semi-Arid region, have an empirical knowledge, which is passed on between generations, maintaining a link with the medicinal flora. The study aimed to carry out a floristic survey of medicinal plants, native and exotic species used by residents of Parari-PB, as well as a study of the socio-economic condition of the population. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, investigating which vegetables are grown by families and the socioeconomic situation. The population of the municipality consists mainly of farmers, retirees, and municipal civil servants. Regarding medicinal plants, 13 botanical families were used to control respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urinary disorders. Also, the therapeutic indications of the plants made by the raizeiros are scientifically proven. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Saúde is the property of Revista Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica is the property of Acta Veterinaria Brasilica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas is the property of Universidad de Santiago de Chile and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This review presents considerations about the relevance of gastrointestinal parasite (GIP) infections in ruminants, covering also the importance of antiparasitic drugs in the control of helminth infections and some other alternatives. This document describes a conceptual and historical view of the development of routine GIP control and the process of development of drug resistance. As an alternative to the low efficacy of some products, a detailed description was made of the use of essential oils (EO) and their bioactive compounds in the control of GIP in ruminants. The production of EO from plants, goes through the chemical composition, techniques of extraction of components, mechanism of action and assays for the validation of their activity, including the anthelmintic activity. The present document brings, in its second part, a more detailed description of two species of the genus Mentha, focusing on their biology, chemical composition and the mechanism of action of their EO. Within this topic, the species of Mentha vilosa and M. piperita are better studied, as well as their chemical composition and bioactive components carvone and limonene. At the end, it is discussed the gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques that are useful to identify compounds present in EO. It was also included the details about nanoemulsion technologies and their advantages in obtaining a more stable formulation, less toxic to the host, with a great potential to increase anthelmintic efficacy against GIP, for the development of new herbal bioactive and ecofriendly compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Avaliou-se o efeito antimicrobiano in vitro dos extratos etanólicos de Plectranthus neochilus e Cnidoscolus quercifolius de forma isolada e associadas. Na 1ª etapa, utilizaram-se os extratos em concentrações 1%, 2,5%, 5% e 10%. Na 2ª etapa, utilizaram-se apenas extratos brutos. Para o teste de sensibilidade dos extratos, utilizaram-se cepas padrão Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Nas duas etapas, realizaram-se os mesmos testes de sensibilidade. As placas foram semeadas e lidas após 24 horas de incubação em estufa a 37ºC. De acordo com os resultados, conclui-se que não houve atividade bacteriana dos extratos etanólicos estudados isolados, bem como associados diante das cepas padrão de Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli e Pseudomonas aeruginosa nas diferentes metodologias aplicadas quando comparadas com o antibiótico padrão (amicacina).

Objective: to review the scientific publications available in the literature that describe phytotherapy as intervention in women’s health. Method: an integrative literature review conducted in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, and PUBMED databases. The following guiding question was adopted: “What evidence available in the literature describes the use of phytotherapy as intervention in women’s health?” The descriptors used were the following: “Phytotherapy”; “Complementary Therapies”; “Women’s Health”. The process of surveying and gathering data took place in November and December 2018, in the city of Redenção, state of Ceará, Brazil. Results: nine articles were analyzed, three of which discussed medicinal plants used to treat menopause, three infertility, one gynecological infections, and two hormonal disorders. Conclusion: scientific studies on medicinal plants are still scarce, and the need for further studies and research on phytotherapy used in the treatment of gynecological diseases is essential.

O ser humano sempre estabeleceu uma íntima relação com plantas medicinais para o tratamento de doenças. O objetivo foi analisar a percepção de enfermeiros e usuários de Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESF) Juína-MT, sobre a Fitoterapia.Utilizou-se o estudo de corte transversal, com intuito de coletar informações, possibilitar a descrição do conhecimento, com amostragem aleatória simples, por sorteio. Com as perguntas: você considera a fitoterapia uma prática importante de uso? Com quem aprendeu sobre o uso da planta medicinal? Qual (is) planta (s) medicinal (is) você conhece? Como obtém a planta medicinal para uso? A pesquisa ocorreu de set a out/2017, aprovado no Comitê de Ética. As informações obtidas apontaram que a maioria dos participantes utilizam plantas medicinais, se mostrando favoraveis a inserção da fitoterapia no Sistema Unico de Saúde (SUS), a maioria aprederam sobre fitoterapia nas raizes familiares. As plantas medicinais mais utilizadas são preferencialmente Allium sativum L..(alho) e Fredericia chica (Bonpl.), crijiru, para infeções urinárias, rins, hipertensão e diabetes. O conhecimento etnobotânico muito contribui com a efetivação das políticas nacionais e estadual de plantas medicinais e fitoterápicos no SUS, assegurando a efetivação da promoção, proteção e recuperação da saúde da população de forma segura e eficaz.

Resumo Introdução A Punica granatum L. (PG), utilizada como medicamento fitoterápico, apresenta propriedades terapêuticas, anti-inflamatórias e antioxidante. Embora diversos estudos já tenham sido realizados com este fitoterápico, seus possíveis efeitos citotóxicos nos tecidos humanos ainda não são claros. Objetivo Avaliar a citotoxicidade da PG por meio de cultura celular com duas linhagens: fibroblastos humanos de mucosa oral (FLM) e células de carcinoma epidermoide oral humano (KB). Material e método As células foram submetidas ao teste de viabilidade celular por 24 horas nas concentrações da PG 1%, 0,50%, 0,25%, 0,125%, 0,062% e 0,031%, e aos testes de citotoxicidade celular em 4 horas, 1, 3, 5 e 7 dias, em diferentes concentrações, realizados em triplicata. Foi utilizado um controle negativo (Triton 1%) e um controle positivo sem o extrato de PG. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à ANOVA (p < 0,05). Resultado Foi possível observar que o extrato da PG possui efeitos inibitórios, apresentando-se maior nas células KB em relação às FLM. Os testes de citotoxicidade e viabilidade mostraram inibição e morte das células KB e FLM nas concentrações 1%, 0,50% e 0,25%. Conclusão O efeito inibitório da PG foi dose-dependentes, mostrando-se maior nas células KB em relação às FLM.

A Melaleuca alternifolia é um arbusto originário da Austrália, pertencente à classe das angiospermas eudicotiledôneas. Nos últimos anos, sua composição química e suas atividades biológicas têm sido objeto de intensa análise científica. Assim, este artigo buscou investigar como se conformam, no Brasil, os estudos sobre Melaleuca alternifolia e seu emprego nas áreas de pesquisa. Para tanto, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura brasileira, com busca sistemática em três bases de dados eletrônicas, sendo elas: Scielo, web of Science e Google Scholar. Foram considerados vinte anos de produção, no período de 1999 a 2019. Foram selecionados e analisados 152 trabalhos científicos para compor a revisão. Verificou-se que a Melaleuca alternifolia se constitui uma importante planta medicinal em estudos brasileiros, envolvendo diversos eixos temáticos, como: agricultura, aquicultura e Saúde Pública, por exemplo. A revisão sistemática também demonstrou que ela, além de ser conhecida na medicina popular, foi cientificamente testada e expressou atividade larvicida, repelente, aromática, inseticida, antimicrobiana, biocida e antifúngica.

Objetivos. Evaluar el efecto protector de Zea mays L. variedad morada (maíz morado) frente a la respuesta inflamatoria y daño osteoarticular en ratas con artritis experimental. Materiales y métodos. Se emplearon 65 ratas Holtzman, asignadas en siete grupos: G1 (n=5): control, G2 (n=10): pristane (PIA) + agua destilada, G3 (n=10): PIA + metotrexate 0,1 mg/kg, G4 (n=10): PIA + indometacina 0,6 mg/kg, G5 (n=10): PIA + Zea mays 100 mg/kg, G6 (n=10): PIA + Zea mays 1000 mg/kg y G7 (n=10): PIA + metotrexate 0,1 mg/kg + Zea mays 1000 mg/kg. Los tratamientos fueron administrados mediante cánula orogástrica diariamente durante 21 días; el pristane se administró vía subdérmica solo el día 1. Se registró el volumen de pata trasera con un pletismometro digital. El análisis radiológico de las patas se evaluó según los criterios de Clark modificado. Resultados. El porcentaje de inflamación al final del experimento fue: (G1) 1,50 ± 0,5, (G2) 13,73 ± 8,4; (G3) 14,76 ± 8,8; (G4) 14.22 ± 9,0; (G5) 10,81 ± 9.1; (G6) 5,31 ± 1.4; (G7) 6,38 ± 0,5. Los puntajes radiológicos de las áreas afectadas fueron: (G1) 0,6; (G2) 3,5; (G3) 0,6; (G4) 1,7; (G5) 1,9; (G6) 1,4; (G7) 1,0. Solo los grupos Zea mays L. 1000 mg/kg y metotrexate + Zea mays L. 1000 mg/kg mostraron una respuesta inflamatoria significativamente menor (p0,05) y mostraron puntajes articulares significativamente bajos en relación a PIA. Conclusiones. El Zea mays L. (maíz morado) reduce el proceso inflamatorio y las modificaciones radiológicas de la artritis inducida por PIA en ratas de modo dosis dependiente.

As plantas medicinais fazem parte da história da humanidade desde os primórdios, possuindo ação terapêutica, curativa e preventiva de inúmeras doenças. Esse conhecimento foi sendo passado entre gerações, sendo os idosos os detentores de maiores conhecimentos e práticas com as plantas medicinais. Porém seu uso inadequado pode representar riscos à saúde, principalmente aos idosos. Portanto, objetivou-se com este estudo realizar uma pesquisa de abordagem etnobotânica com idosos estudantes da Universidade Aberta à Maturidade da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, no município de Lagoa Seca – PB. A princípio foi realizada uma entrevista com 27 idosos por meio de um questionário semiestruturado, com questões sobre o perfil dos mesmos e o uso das plantas medicinais, em seguida foram realizadas palestras sobre uso de plantas medicinais, formas de cultivo e de preparo. Dos idosos 85,15% eram mulheres e 14,81% homens, com idade variando de 61 a 87 anos. Sobre a forma de uso das plantas medicinais, as mais citadas foram chás (66,66%) e compressa (18,51%). Em relação à eficácia, 92,59% afirmaram que obtiveram bons resultados com o uso das plantas e 7,40% não ficaram satisfeitos com o resultado. A maioria dos idosos estudantes da Universidade Aberta a Maturidade no município de Lagoa Seca – PB, utilizam as plantas medicinais para tratar doenças, estando o alecrim para problemas nos ossos, a camomila para pressão alta e erva doce para insônia. Os mesmos tem grande interesse sobre o uso seguro e racional das plantas medicinais, indicando a importância de ações educativas sobre esse tema.

As neoplasias da glândula mamária em cães são uma grande causa de morte em caninos devido às limitações de tratamento e a complexidade dos procedimentos cirúrgicos. Necessitando-se então de novas alternativas, como o extrato etanólico bruto da folha da H. martiana, que possui atividade antimicrobiana, anti-inflamatória e cicatrizante comprovada. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre seus efeitos antitumorais e primordialmente, em células tumorais caninas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito antitumoral e citopático do extrato etanólico bruto da folha da H. martiana Hayne em células tumorais de cães e células VERO. Neste estudo, obtivemos uma ação do extrato frente as células tumorais a medida que aumentava a concentração do extrato, além disso, foram vistas alterações macroscópicas como formação de vacúolos, condensação do núcleo e formação de agregados celulares. Ao ser realizado o teste de MTT a função mitocondrial diminuiu à medida que aumentava a concentração do fitoterápico (P

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar através de estudos recentes se o uso de fitoterápicos no tratamento da dispepsia funcional (DF) pode ser indicado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e se pode ser uma alternativa ao uso dos inibidores da bomba de prótons (IBP). A fitoterapia faz parte da Política de Práticas Integrativas e Complementares e pode ser incluída no tratamento dos usuários na APS. Foram encontrados estudos recentes para quatro plantas medicinais: Achillea millefolium, Curcuma longa, Pimpinella anisum e Zingiber officinalle. Os estudos mostraram que o uso dessas plantas melhora os sintomas dispépticos, assim como os IBP, porém essa classe pode causar efeitos tanto colaterais e adversos, quanto aumentar, desnecessariamente, os custos de saúde pública com medicamentos. Sendo assim, a fitoterapia pode ser uma alternativa no tratamento da DF, evitando o uso contínuo e indiscriminado de IBP.

Introdução: A obesidade é uma doença crônica não transmissível (DCNT), atualmente considerada uma epidemia mundial que vem crescendo rapidamente acometendo grande parcela da população. Objetivo: Avaliar os efeitos dos fitoterápicos Camelia sinensis, Citrus aurantium ou Faseolamina associada à Camelia sinensis, Citrus aurantium e Cromo, como coadjuvantes no tratamento do excesso de peso em pacientes com sobrepeso e/ou obesidade. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 77 pacientes de ambos os gêneros, idades entre 18 e 65 anos. Foram realizadas medidas antropométricas (peso, índice de massa corpórea, circunferência do braço, circunferência da cintura), além de avaliação da composição corporal por meio das dobras cutâneas. Resultados: Após o consumo dos fitoterápicos, foi observada maior redução de gordura corporal no grupo tratado com Camelia sinensis, com perda de 0,85% de gordura corporal, comparado à faseolamina (0,81%), citrus (0,68%) e grupo controle (0,34%). Ao avaliar a perda de peso isolada, o grupo faseolamina apresentou melhor resultado, com perda média de 0,93 Kg ao se comparar com o Camelia sinensis (0,29 Kg), placebo (0,12 Kg) e ao Citrus que não apresentou redução do peso corporal do início ao término da pesquisa. Utilizou-se diferença estatística p> 0,05. Conclusão: Os fitoterápicos em paralelo à reeducação alimentar apresentaram resultados positivos em relação à perda de peso e redução dos níveis de gordura corporal, o que pode proporcionar benefícios para uma melhor qualidade de vida e sobrevida. Sugere-se a realização de novas pesquisas, com maior número de pacientes bem como, maior duração para avaliar os efeitos dos fitoterápicos a longo prazo. ABSTRACT Effects evaluation of thermogenic herbal medicines in anthropometric parameters of patients with obesity and overweight Introduction: Obesity is a noncommunicable disease (NCD), currently considered a worldwide epidemic that is growing rapidly, affecting a large part of the population. Aim: Evaluate the effects of Camelia sinensis, Citrus aurantium or Phaseolamine associated to Camelia sinensis, Citrus aurantium and Chromium, as adjuvants in the treatment of excess weight in overweight and / or obese patients. Methods: The sample consisted of 77 patients of both genders, aged between 18 and 65 years old. Anthropometric measurements (weight, body mass index, arm circumference, waist circumference) were performed, as well as body composition evaluation through skin folds. Results: After the consumption of phytotherapics, it was observed a greater reduction of body fat in the group treated with Camelia sinensis, with loss of 0.85% body fat, compared to Phaseolamine (0.81%), Citrus (0.68%) and control group (0.34%). When evaluating the isolated weight loss, the Phaseolamine group had a better result, with a mean loss of 0.93 Kg when compared with Camellia sinensis (0.29 Kg), placebo (0.12 Kg) and Citrus, which showed no reduction in body weight from the beginning to the end of the study. Statistical difference was used p> 0.05 Conclusion: Phytotherapy in parallel to dietary reeducation have shown positive results in relation to weight loss and reduction of body fat levels, which may provide benefits for a better quality of life and longevity. It is suggested to carry out new researches, with a greater number of patients, as well as a longer duration to evaluate the phytotherapics long-term effects.

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present study evaluated the use of extracts plants to control Escherichia Coli causing bovine neonatal diarrhea. Two strains of E. coli isolated from neonatal diarrhea samples were used. After identification of the bacterium, antimicrobial susceptibility was verified in vitro, followed by the calculation of the multiple antimicrobial resistance index (IRMA). The ethanolic extracts of: Guava, Pitanga, Earl Fruit, Acerola, Soursop, Pomegranate, Neem, Jenipapo, Lychee, Tamarindo, Jambo and Cider were tested. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracts was determined using the plate microdilution method, where they were tested at various concentrations. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was determined after obtaining the minimum inhibitory concentration results, and then the survival curve was calculated. Both strains tested showed higher resistance to antibiotics Ceftazidime, Amicacin, Tobramycin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin + Clavulanate, Cefoxitin and Cefotaxime and showed multidrug resistance. Regarding MIC and MBC, the extracts that showed antibacterial action were Pitanga, Tamarindo, Pomegranate, Jambo and Jenipapo. When the survival curve was evaluated, the extracts of Pitanga, Tamarindo, Pomegranate stood out against the two studied pathogens. It was concluded that the E. coli strains tested showed multiresistance, which demonstrates the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, and that the use of extracts plant extracts was effective in the concentrations studied and could be used as alternative treatments against bovine neonatal diarrhea caused by E. coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A variety of endo and ectoparasites can affect livestock, causing poor animal performance and low welfare conditions. Haemonchus contortus (Trichostrongyloidae), Rhipicephalus microplus (Ixodidae), Cochliomyia sp. and Lucilia sp. (Calliphoridae) are some of the most important parasites to livestock in Brazil and in many other tropical and subtropical countries, where farmers need to be vigilant. Although a constant parasite control uses large-spectrum anthelmintics or synthetic insecticides, giving a timely potent reduction of the infections, they also represent a threat to the lifespan of these compounds due to drug-selected parasites. Thus, the development of plant-based therapies is a solid alternative for standard, agroecological, and holistic farming systems, as well as it is an important ally to combat drug resistant parasite populations. In this article, we discussed the scientific literature on plant extracts, notably hydroalcoholic extract or essential oils, used for the control of the above livestock parasites published in the last 13 years. Our objective was to pinpoint the most important issues for this promising area of research, exploring the potential and the challenges that are facing us by examining more than 150 in vitro and in vivo studies. Almost all the authors reported positive data from plants or isolates, the most important challenges that were faced during our search were the lack of a proper experimental study design, and the deficiency in the characterization of the plants used. It is our opinion that plant-based products may be a solid choice for parasite control in livestock animals achieving high welfare standards and mitigate farming input (i.e. use of chemicals and their waste into the environment). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective was to investigate and recover the traditional knowledge about the vegetal resources, the management, the preparation, and the therapeutic indication of the medicinal plants used in the Barreirinho Community, Santo Antônio de Leverger, Mato Grosso (MT). The qualitative and quantitative study used the pre-test, direct observation, guided tour, interviews, absolute and relative frequencies. It was identified 141 medicinal species, belonging to 60 botanical families, and, among them, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, and Asteraceae were the most representative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional herbal remedies are naturally occurring, plant-derived substances with limited to no chemical processing and have been used in local or national healing traditions to treat illness. In global health debates, traditional herbal medicines are gaining considerable attention. Many hope new research into herbal medicine will play a vital role in global health. Countries like China, India, Nigeria, USA, and also the World Health Organization (WHO) made large investments in ancient herbal medicines. Currently, the use of the Indonesian plant has dramatically improved the medical and dentistry field. The dental and oral care is often related to wounds, and the Ambonese banana stem has been proven as an effective treatment for these injuries. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the Ambonese banana stem sap through cytotoxicity tests on the fibroblast cell culture of Baby Hamster Kidney-21 (BHK-21). This study was carried out on three BHK-21 fibroblast cell culture, namely, the media and cell control, and the Ambonese banana stem sap with a concentration of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60 %, 70%, 80%, 90%, and 100% incubated for 24 hours at 37ºC and 5% CO2. Then, MTT was evenly dispersed on the media to obtain accurate optical density value. All quantitative data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD Test. The result showed significant differences in optical density values between groups with p = 0.000 (p <0.05). There was no significant difference between the cell control and the Ambonese banana stem sap group with concentrations of 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 30%, 20%, and 10%. It was also observed that the Ambonese banana stem sap is nontoxic to fibroblast cells since its viability value was more than 60%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of the study was to develop and characterize the gel based on Aloe vera for the Manoel Casado de Almeida Pharmacy School. The research was done at the Education and Health Center off the Federal University of Campina Grande, located in the city of Cuité (PB). For the quality control, chemical physical tests were carried out as determine pH, apparent density, viscosity, spreadability and centrifugation test. The gel demonstrated acceptable physicochemical characteristics exhibiting pH 5, bulk density 0.1018 (± 0.0008), viscosity above 10 000 cP, and adequate stability. Complementary studies on microbiological quality are suggested, to give safety on their therapeutic potential in wound management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to high levels of parasite resistance to different commercial active ingredients, new control alternatives are being studied, including the phytotherapy. These measures aim to search for auxiliary methods in the control of parasitic diseases. However, there are many products available in the market and there are no scientific proof of its efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the hematological and hepatic effects following administration of Neem pie (Azadirachta indica) in sheep. Three concentrations of Neem cake was added to the mineral salt (1, 2 and 4 %) and administered during 126 days to 32 Lacaune breed sheeps, divided into four groups: three groups for different treatments and a and a control were tested, the ladder receiving only mineral salt. Blood samples were taken every 21 days to perform the complete blood count, serum total plasma protein and fibrinogen and liver biochemical evaluation. In those same times, fecal samples were collected for quantification of eggs per gram of feces (EPG). Statistical differences between times and groups for several variables were observed, but without being related to the administration of Neem pie. The results of complete blood count, measurement of total plasma protein, fibrinogen and hepatic clinical biochemistry indicated that administration of Neem pie at concentrations of 1, 2 and 4%, does not interfere in hematological values, or on the integrity and liver function Lacaune sheep breed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Atencao Primaria a Saude is the property of Revista de Atencao Primaria a Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Gastrointestinal helminthiasis cause severe losses to sheep farming, an activity of great importance in generating income in the Brazilian Semiarid region. Alternative methods of controlling these diseases should be widely encouraged. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Luffa operculata (Cabacinha) on sheep gastrointestinal nematodes in the Semiarid of Paraíba State, Brazil. The in vitro experiment was conducted at concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12, 6 and 3% of infusion and decoction extracts. Later the larval motility was evaluated in optical microscope, 10x objective, at 24, 48 and 72 hours after the beginning of the test. For the in vivo experiment, eighteen animals were used, divided into three groups of six animals. Both decoction and infusion groups received 1 mL of the extract/kg of body weight; and the control group received only distilled water. During 42 days, counting of the number of eggs per gram of feces (EPG), coprocultures and packed cell volume determinations (PCV%) were weekly performed. The in vitro experiment presented a reduction in both extracts, obtaining reductions of up to 90% of infective larvae. In the in vivo experiment, however, it was not observed efficacy of the extracts in reducing sheep nematode infection. Haemonchus contortus was the most prevalent in the coprocultures and PCV% presented within the physiological values. It was found that L. operculata, despite showing efficacy in vitro, didn't showed efficacy in vivo in the controlling of the sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Universidade Estadual Paulista. Revista de Odontologia is the property of Universidade Estadual Paulista. Revista de Odontologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antecedentes: Clorpirifos es un pesticida altamente tóxico, que puede producir inmunotoxicidad con efectos deletéreos sobre la salud a nivel mundial. Por otro lado, las plantas americanas pueden tener derivados con actividad protectora e inmunoestimulante. Por lo tanto, debe evaluarse el potencial de estas plantas frente a clorpirifos. Objetivo: Identificar extractos acuosos bioactivos de Lantana grisebachii (LG), Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco (AQ), Peumus boldus (PB), e Ilex paraguariensis (IP), contra la toxicidad de clorpirifos sobre esplenocitos de hembras Balb/c. Materiales y Métodos: Esplenocitos fueron tratados in vitro por 72 horas con 0-35 µg/mL de clorpirifos, 0-100 µg/mL de cada extracto (LG, AQ, PB, IP) y 0-5 µg/mL de concanavalina A. Luego, se midió y analizó estadísticamente viabilidad y muerte celular (tinciones de resazurina y yoduro de propidio), hidroperóxidos, lipoperóxidos (ensayos basados en naranja de xilenol), actividad de la ?-glutamiltranspeptidasa (método de Szasz). Resultados: Clorpirifos redujo la viabilidad celular de forma dosis dependiente, lo que fue contrarrestado por AQ e IP, los que fueron menos activos en las células inducibles por concanavalina A (pIlex paraguariensis y Aspidosperma quebracho-blanco protegieron in vitro a los esplenocitos frente a clorpirifos. Este efecto dependió del tipo celular, dado que las células inducibles por concanavalina A fueron más susceptibles a este tóxico.

As plantas medicinais são utilizadas para a prevenção e tratamento de doenças, sendo usada por cerca de 80% da população para o cuidado primário à saúde. A rica biodiversidade do Brasil e países vizinhos oferece um potencial único e incomparável para a descoberta e desenvolvimento de agentes bioativos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi fazer uma revisão sobre estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos de espécies vegetais selecionadas dos países do Mercosul e aspectos toxicológicos. Com base em trabalho publicado anteriormente pelo autor, foram selecionadas as espécies com maior número de registro na Anvisa no Brasil (Aesculus hippocastanum - Castanha da Índia e Mikania glomerata- Guaco); as mais utilizadas como medicamentos fitoterápicos simples na Argentina (Cynara scolymus L. - Alcachofra e Solanum dulcamara - Dulcamara); as plantas medicinais mais vendidas no Paraguai (Peumus boldus Mol. - Boldo e Borago officinalis - Borragem); as mais consumidas no norte do Uruguai (Aloe vera – Aloe e Passiflora edulis - Maracujá) e da Venezuela a Hedera helix (Hera) por ser muito popular no país seu consumo. Foram realizadas pesquisas nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico, PubMed e Science Direct no mês de abril de 2016, sobre ensaios pré-clínicos e clínicos dessas espécies vegetais, em português e inglês, sendo selecionados os artigos mais relevantes, com uso de animais (ratos, coelhos ou camundongos), linhagens celulares ou bacterianas, ou estudos clínicos. Em relação aos estudos pré-clínicos e clínicos, Aloe e Alcachofra, foram as que apresentaram maior número de publicações.

Objetivo. Evaluar una estrategia de vigilancia del uso de medicamentos en embarazadas en un municipio colombiano. Métodos. Estudio de utilización de medicamentos, tipo descriptivo, corte transversal, recolección prospectiva de la información, encaminado a identificar los medicamentos consumidos por embarazadas sin prescripción médica. Mediante muestreo aleatorio simple con IC 95% y EM 5%, se obtuvo una muestra de 155 maternas. Resultados. Se diseñó, validó y aplicó un instrumento de recolección de información, aplicado a 169 embarazadas, de las cuales 152 cumplieron cuatro controles de embarazo. La edad promedio fue 24.5 años (Min. 13 y Max. 40), viven en unión libre, y solo tienen estudios secundarios. El 42% tenía su primer embarazo, y el 30% ha tenido 3 o más embarazos. El promedio de hijos fue de 1.0, pero 13 de ellas tenían más de 3 hijos. Las embarazadas asistieron a 4 controles en promedio. El índice de automedicación fue de 21%. Las embarazadas consumieron 11 productos sin prescripción médica; 9 medicamentos de síntesis, y 2 plantas medicinales. La frecuencia de consumo de productos clasificados con riesgo B fue del 29%, riesgo C fue del 33%, y para las categorías D y X fue del 38%. Se identificaron dos plantas medicinales (Equisetum giganteum L., Pedilanthus tithymaloides L. Poit) con potencial riesgo para el embarazo. Conclusiones. El instrumento ayuda a la identificación de características cuyo control puede contribuir a la maternidad segura, y permite evidenciar el uso de productos con potencial riesgo para el embarazo.