Search

An embryo culture medium is a specialized set of ambient conditions, technological equipment, and nutrients that embryos require to grow properly. We aimed to investigate the Ki-67, hTERT, and HIF-1α gene expression differences between developing and non-developing embryos in spent embryo culture medium. Ki-67, hTERT, and HIF-1α gene expressions were determined from the spent embryo culture medium containing developing and non-developing embryos of 20 normoresponder patients admitted to the Bahçeci Umut IVF Center. An increase in hTERT gene expression (p < 0.05) and a decrease in HIF-1α gene expression (p < 0.001) were observed in mediums of developing compared to the non-developing embryos. No difference was observed in Ki-67 gene expression (p > 0.05). While there was a correlation between Ki-67 and HIF-1α genes in the non-growing group (r < 0.01); no correlation was observed in the developing group (r > 0.05). Both normoresponder groups will be similar in terms of proliferation rate. The low HIF-1α expression that observed high telomerase activity in embryo development maintains continuity and avoids mechanisms that result in cell death. A molecular study of the embryo development in patients with similar characteristics may help to understand the pathogenesis of the disease and establish a diagnosis and specific treatment.

Background and Objectives: Resistance exercises (REs) are a type of physical activity that individuals from many age groups have been doing recreationally, both as amateurs and professionally, in their daily lives in recent years. It is crucial to understand the effects of such sports on cardiac morphology in order to maximize the benefit of training and to tailor the training content accordingly. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between training experience (TE) and left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic parameters and left atrial (LA) mechanical function in healthy subjects who regularly performed RE for different durations. Materials and Methods: Forty-five healthy adults [age = 28.91 ± 10.30 years, height = 178.37 ± 5.49 cm, weight = 83.15 ± 13.91 kg, body mass index = 26.03 ± 3.42 kg/m2, TE = 7.28 ± 6.49 years] who performed RE between 1 year and 20 years were included in our study. The transthoracic echocardiograms (ECHOs) of the participants were evaluated by the cross-sectional research method, which is often used to understand the current situation in a given time period. Correlations between TE and LV systolic and diastolic parameters and LA mechanical function were analyzed. Results: As a result, interventricular septal thickness (IVS; r = 0.33, p = 0.028), the aortic diameter systole (ADs; r = 0.56, p < 0.001), and aortic diameter diastole (ADd; r = 0.58, p < 0.001) were positively correlated with TE, indicating associations with increased left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and reduced ventricular compliance, while the aortic strain (AS; r = −0.44, p = 0.002), aortic distensibility (AD; r = −0.62, p < 0.001), and diastolic flow parameters including E (r = −0.41, p = 0.005), E/A (r = −0.38, p = 0.011), and E/Em (r = −0.31, p = 0.041) were negatively correlated with TE, reflecting impairments in diastolic function. Conclusions: This study showed that diastolic parameters were adversely affected in chronic RE. Therefore, we think that these individuals may have decreased relaxation and filling functions of the heart, which may also reduce adequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to the tissues. In this context, cohort studies are needed to analyze in detail the reasons for the decrease in diastolic parameters in these individuals.

Background/Objectives: With increasing interest in plant-based compounds that can enhance sleep quality without the side effects of caffeine, Alpinia galanga (AG) has emerged as a promising herbal supplement for improving mental alertness. This study assessed the impact of water-soluble AG extract on sleep quality; the activity of GABAergic, glutamatergic, and serotonergic receptors; and concentrations of dopamine and serotonin in the brains of mice. Methods: The study employed two experimental models using BALB/c mice to examine the impact of pentobarbital-induced sleep and caffeine-induced insomnia. In the first model, a set of 20 mice was assigned to four groups to assess the effects of pentobarbital (42 mg/kg) or pentobarbital with AG extract on sleep induction, with observations made 45 min post-administration. In the second model, 20 mice were divided into four groups to evaluate the impact of caffeine (25 mg/kg) alone or caffeine with varying doses of AG extract (61.25 or 205.50 mg/kg administered orally) on brain activity along with additional analyses on receptor proteins and neurotransmitters. Results: A higher dose of AG extract (205.50 mg/kg) significantly increased total deep sleep duration compared to the caffeine group (p < 0.0001). Furthermore, this dose extended sleep latency and suppressed GABAergic and glutamatergic receptor activity compared to the lower AG dose (p < 0.05). Additionally, the 205.50 mg/kg dose elevated serotonin and dopamine levels compared to caffeine (p < 0.0001), suggesting improved sleep quality alongside enhanced wakefulness. Conclusions: Our data indicate that a higher dose of AG extract improved sleep latency and duration by regulating GABAergic and glutamatergic receptors through the GABAergic/serotonergic pathway in mice.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential effects of white tea (WT) in the atherosclerosis process characterized by oxidative stress, inflammation, and dyslipidemia. Methods: In our study, apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice (RRID: IMSR_JAX:002052) and C57BL/6J mice (RRID: IMSR_JAX:000664) were used. In the atherosclerosis model induced by an atherogenic diet (AD), WT was administered via oral gavage at two different concentrations. The animals were sacrificed by decapitation under anesthesia, and their serum and aortic tissues were collected. Total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interferon-γ, myeloperoxidase, paraoxonase-1, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL), lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor (LOX-1), a disintegrin, and metalloprotease (ADAM) 10 and 17 activities were determined via colorimetric, enzyme-linked immunoassay, and fluorometric methods. Results: WT supplementation decreased serum Ox-LDL, LOX-1, TC, and TG levels by approximately 50%. TNF- and IL-6 levels were reduced by approximately 30% in the aortic arch. In addition, ADAM10/17 enzyme activities were found to be reduced by approximately 25%. However, no change in the AD-induced fibrotic cap structure was observed in the aortic root. Conclusions: The findings indicate that white tea effectively reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and dyslipidemia in atherosclerosis but does not affect atheroma plaque morphology.

The use of an output-oriented data envelopment analysis method to measure changes in total factor productivity (TFP) in the Turkish manufacturing industry has indicated that there has been no improvement in TFP in the private sector while TFP in the public sector has grown by 1%. The other characteristics of total factor productivity in different provinces of Turkey are critically analyzed.

Celem badań było odkrycie znaczeń symboliki kolorów użytych na rysunkach o tematyce lęku. Objęliśmy nimi 482 dzieci z Polski i Turcji w wieku 6-10 lat narodowości polskiej i tureckiej (dobór celowy, metoda kuli śnieżnej). Badania polegały na porównaniu kolorystyki rysunków dzieci obu narodowości oraz ich interpretacji uwzględniającej kontekst kulturowy. Na potrzeby przedstawionej w artykule analizy sformułowaliśmy następujące pytania: Jakie kolory dominują na rysunkach dzieci obu narodowości? Jakie podobieństwa, a jakie różnice występują w kolorystyce badanych rysunków? Jak można interpretować użyte kolory, uwzględniając ich znaczenie symboliczne i funkcję w kulturze? Zauważono, że wśród użytych kolorów dominujące były czarny, czerwony i niebieski. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań stawiamy hipotezę, że użycie tych kolorów przez dzieci na rysunkach o tematyce lęku nie jest przypadkowe. Można je potraktować jako tzw. kolory lęku, czyli takie, które mają symboliczny związek z tą emocją. W przypadku koloru czarnego może być to lęk przed śmiercią, czerwonego lęk przed zranieniem. Użycie czerwonego i niebieskiego koloru można też interpretować jako potrzebę ochrony przed niebezpieczeństwem (apotropeiczne znaczenie kolorów).

In the antibiotic resistance era, utilizing understudied sources for novel antimicrobials or antivirulence agents can provide new advances against antimicrobial resistant pathogens. In this study, we aimed to investigate antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile against Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and several S. aureus clinical isolates obtained from medical devices, including patient urinary catheters and breast implant infections, with varying antibiotic recalcitrance profiles. The ethanolic and methanolic extracts from P. oceanica rhizome exhibited significant antibacterial activity against E. faecalis and S. aureus, as well as drug resistant S. aureus clinical isolates. Furthermore, significant antibiofilm activity was observed against S. aureus and E. faecalis treated with ER, MR1, and MR2. P. oceanica extracts also exhibited synergistic antimicrobial activity with ciprofloxacin against E. faecalis, sensitizing E. faecalis to a lower ciprofloxacin concentration. Collectively, our data demonstrate the selective antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of the extracts of P. oceanica against Gram-positive bacteria and clinical isolates along with potentiation of current antibiotics, which suggests that P. oceanica can be further investigated as a potential source for novel therapeutic options in the treatment of drug resistant bacterial infections.

Abstract European hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) is an important nut crop due to its nutritional benefits, culinary uses, and economic value. Türkiye is the leading producer of hazelnut, followed by Italy and the United States. Quantitative trait locus studies offer promising opportunities for breeders and geneticists to identify genomic regions controlling desirable traits in hazelnut. A genome‐wide association analysis was conducted with 5,567 single nucleotide polymorphisms on a Turkish core set of 86 hazelnut accessions, revealing 189 quantitative trait nucleotides (QTNs) associated with 22 of 31 traits (p

Abstract Supercapacitors (SCs) have attracted significant attention in the realm of energy storage devices due to their exceptional features, such as enhanced charge storage capacity, fast charge‐discharge rates, and high power density. The emergence of cost‐effective and highly productive SCs is a topic of interest among industrial and scientific communities. Ferrites with a perovskite crystal structure are often considered excellent electrode materials due to their intrinsic properties, affordability, low environmental impact, and widespread availability. An in‐depth investigation of perovskite ferrites in the context of SCs is necessary to advance the understanding of these materials. The techniques used in the synthesis of ABO3‐type perovskite bismuth ferrite materials are comprehensively reviewed in this review. The review starts by analyzing various types of SCs classified based on their electrode materials. The review provides a comprehensive understanding of the design and functionality of these devices, serving as an important source of inspiration for new methods of synthesis and fabrication methodologies that aim to produce environmentally friendly SCs.

OBJECTIVES: Publications and literature related to emergency medicine (EM) have been consistently increasing. There are 4048 studies in total in the EM journals published until the present day in Türkiye in the Web of Science (WoS) database. Our aim is to define the bibliometric features of scientific studies published in EM journals in Türkiye, to gain insights into the trends of the literature. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the bibliometric data of scientific studies published in EM journals in Türkiye until today on the WoS database related to the EM field. The bibliometrix package of R statistical software was used in the bibliometric analyses in the study. RESULTS: A total of 4048 scientific studies from Türkiye indexed on the WoS database from 10,263 authors in four different journals were analyzed. Among these, 3681 (90.9%) were articles, 188 (4.7%) were reviews, 97 (2.4%) were editorial material, 60 (1.5%) were letters, and 5 (0.1%) were corrections. Average number of citations per study was 3.6, with the most cited study having 2016 citations. The most frequent title’s words were emergency, patient, and acute. CONCLUSION: This study shows that there is an increasing trend in the number of EM publications and citations in Türkiye with the first most cited study having 2016 citations, and the top contributing countries were Türkiye, Iran, and India. The results of this study may be useful in understanding the historical and prospective development of EM, including the identification of general information about its publications, differentiation of the top-cited ones, and presentation of a bibliometric analysis of scientific activity to date.

The traditional assessment of climate change's impact on agriculture, confined by geographical borders, is insufficient due to the global trade, allowing climate risks to affect multiple nations. This study uses cacao as an example to highlight cross-border climate risks, showing their implications for the EU's chocolate industry. Concentrating on cacao supply from Ivory Coast and Ghana, the study models various warming scenarios, revealing reduced cacao yields in both countries. Under RCP2.6, Ivory Coast could lose around 7% of cacao production by 2050, rising to 23% at RCP8.5. Ghana might experience losses of 39% by 2050, with a potential extreme loss of 86%. A no-deforestation import policy further affects production, reducing about 24% in the Ivory Coast and 16% in Ghana. These losses possibly cause EU supplies to decrease by 8% by 2050 in the long term and up to 20% in an extreme year. Predicted cacao price hikes of 30% by 2050 will cost the EU 2.5 billion euros annually by 2050. Extreme drought might elevate prices by 115% (RCP8.5), resulting in an additional annual expense of 10 billion euros for the EU. Findings indicate importance of addressing cross-border dimension in climate risk studies. These risks intensify with higher warming degrees, compounded by concentrated crop production, making countries dependent on these commodities highly susceptible to simultaneous, multi-location crop failures. Presently, EU trade agreements lack provisions for such scenarios. Given the increased likelihood of such shocks under a warming climate, more significant investment into disaster management strategies and policies is advisable.

Abstract Background The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has impacted health systems globally and affected managing many chronic conditions, including cancer. This study aimed to explore the perceptions of multi-disciplinary cancer care providers on how cancer pain management was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Participants were eligible if they were cancer care providers of any specialty and discipline from two tertiary hospitals in Australia. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews to explore cancer care providers’ perspectives on cancer pain management within COVID-19. Thematic analysis of interview transcripts used an integrated approach that started with inductive coding before coding deductively against a behaviour framework called the COM-B Model, which proposes that ‘capability’, ‘motivation’ and ‘opportunity’ are requisites for any behaviour. Results Twenty-three providers participated. Five themes were developed and interpreted from the analysis of data, namely: “Telehealth enables remote access to cancer pain management but also created a digital divide”, “Access to cancer pain management in the community is compromised due to the pandemic”, “COVID-19 negatively impacts hospital resource allocation”, “Patients were required to trade off cancer pain management against other health priorities” and “Hospital restrictions result in decreased social and psychological support for patients with cancer pain”. Conclusions The landscape of cancer pain management in the Australian health system underwent substantial shifts during the COVID-19 pandemic, with lasting impacts. Cancer care providers perceived the pandemic to have significant adverse effects on pain management across multiple levels, with repercussions for patients experiencing cancer-related pain. A more adaptive health system model needs to be established in the future to accommodate vulnerable cancer patients.

Abstract The impact of emotions on human behavior is substantial, and the ability to recognize people's feelings has a wide range of practical applications including education. Here, the methods and tools of education are being calibrated according to the data gained over electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The issue of which design tools would be ideal in the future of interior architecture education, is an uncertain field. It is important to measure the students’ emotional states while using manual and digital design tools to determine the different impacts. Brain-computer interfaces have made it possible to monitor emotional states in a way that is both convenient and economical. In the research of emotion recognition, EEG signals have been employed, and the resulting literature explains basic emotions as well as complicated scenarios that are created from the combination of numerous basic emotions. The objective of this study is to investigate the emotional states and degrees of attachment experienced by interior architecture students while engaging in their design processes. This includes examining the use of 2D or 3D tools, whether manual or digital, and identifying any changes in design tool usage and behaviors that may be influenced by different teaching techniques. Accordingly, the hierarchical clustering which is a technique used in data analysis to group objects into a hierarchical structure of clusters based on their similarities has been conducted.

The Orienteering Problem (OP) is an optimization problem that finds the locations and routes that will return the highest profit/benefit, starting from the initial location of the traveler/vehicle, visiting these locations, and ending with the starting location of the tour within a given time or distance limit. There is no obligation to visit all locations in the problem structure. OP has many real-life applications, such as staff routing and disaster relief routing. In this study, OP with Time Windows (OPTW), an extension of OP, is discussed with hotel selection and mandatory visits. Although the main objective of OPTW is profit maximization, it is also essential to minimize the total travel time to complete the tour efficiently. For this reason, we consider the OPTW as a multi-objective problem. In the problem considered here, it is assumed that the profit/benefit, travel time between locations, service period, and time interval that each location can be visited are determined to be known. Within the scope of the study, first, a Mixed Integer Programming (MIP) model is prepared for the problem. Since the proposed mathematical model does not provide solutions in a reasonable time for large networks, the problem is solved by a Constraint Programming (CP) approach. Attractive tourist points of interest for Izmir, one of Turkey's major tourist cities, are determined, and the proposed method is applied to the real-life problem. The problem is modeled as Multi-Objective OPTW with MIP and CP and solved. Also, sensitivity analysis is performed by considering two different scenarios.

Robinia pseudoacacia L. is a deciduous tree planted almost all around the world for a wide variety of uses such as ornamental in urban ecosystems and forest trees in afforestation. This study aims to evaluate the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relations of R. pseudoacacia using some selected populations in Istanbul and Kocaeli cities. For this aim, molecular marker-assisted and DNA sequence-based analyses were performed. According to the results, nine of 15 inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) primers gave clear and distinguishable bands with a total of 100 loci. The percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) was calculated as 100% for multi-populations and ranged from 46% to 76% for single populations. Nei's gene diversity value was calculated between 0.165 and 0.251. The lowest and highest PPL were found in populations of Barbaros Boulevard and Dilovasi District, respectively. Population structure analysis showed seven different genetic structures for five populations. Internal transcribed spacer 1 region (ITS1) and trnL-F intergenic spacer region were used to examine the phylogenetic relationships of R. pseudoacacia, and both regions showed a high discriminative power at the family level. Based on the findings, R. pseudoacacia, as a forest tree residing in the urban ecosystem, may face the risk of population decline in the upcoming years due to its moderate/low genetic diversity and susceptibility to environmental pressures.

Practical experiments are a crucial step to demonstrate the viability of reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-empowered communication, which is one of the emerging technologies for next-generation networks. In this paper, we present practical measurements to demonstrate the RIS capabilities for enhancing signal coverage and providing physical layer security (PLS) in an indoor environment. First, extensive measurements are performed in a single-user deployment using iterative, grouping, and codebook-based phase shift optimization methods. The iterative method achieves approximately 10 dB performance improvement in the received signal power through careful adjustments of RIS phase configurations when the receiver is placed at different locations. The grouping method reduces the training time to find a suitable RIS configuration by sacrificing only a few dBs in the received signal power. Another set of experiments is conducted for a multi-user deployment to exhibit PLS, where the RIS is partitioned into two regions serving the intended and unintended users. The results demonstrate that the codebook method can effectively boost the secrecy capacity on the move without utilizing feedback other than the users’ positions during the phase shift optimization process, while the iterative method requires a continuous feedback channel for the received signal powers.

This study discusses fluoride removal efficiency from phosphogypsum (PG) on a lab-scale experiment matrix designed by the Box-Behnken method. Temperature, solid/liquid ratio, and time were supposed to influence fluoride removal efficiency from PG by various salt solution media. Experiment matrices were designed according to salt solution types: seawater, 5% NaCl, and 10% NaCl solutions. The factor-response analysis showed a direct proportionality between fluoride removal efficiency and temperature. The optimum fluoride removal conditions based on the experimental data obtained by the multi-variable design matrix were determined by the Design Expert v.12 software. The optimum temperature, time, and solid/liquid ratio were 80 °C, 3 h, and 0,174 for seawater. The software predicted a 73,31% fluoride removal efficiency at the optimum conditions, whereas the experimental value was 74,99%. Since the actual vs. predicted data show high consistency, results might also be useful when industrial-scale fluoride removal to a predetermined level is required prior to a particular use of PG. PG has a high potential as an alternative raw material, and fluoride removal might be important in recycling applications. This study provides a novel pre-industrial scale fluoride removal inventory, especially for the fertilizer and cement industry.

Beyond fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology that can redefine how we interact with and harness electromagnetic waves. Advancements in meta-materials and metasurfaces have brought about exceptional flexibility in controlling electromagnetic waves at scales smaller than the wavelength. The frequency-mixing RIS (FMx-RIS) has been introduced, considering the benefits of programmable metasurfaces. This method introduces additional frequencies into the original signal, making the communication environment non-linear. Among the different multicarrier transmission methods, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become the most commonly used option in wireless communications due to reducing intersymbol interference caused by the frequency selectivity of wireless channels. Upon examining the structure of FMx-RIS, it has been observed that signals similar to OFDM can be obtained at the receiver. This situation indicates the possibility of generating a signal in the air similar to OFDM using an RIS. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel Over-the-Air OFDM system design by integrating frequency mixing and modulating RIS (FMMx-RIS) to exploit its ability to manipulate the incident wave’s magnitude and frequency. The most notable aspect of this innovative scheme is its ability to offer multi-carrier transmission with a straightforward transmitter structure rather than requiring the complex system design typical of OFDM. The novel concept of index modulation (IM), which leverages the spatial domain to transmit extra information more efficiently, enhancing energy and spectrum efficiency, has attracted considerable interest in both academic and industrial fields. Hence, we extend the system model into the Over-the-Air OFDM-IM system by toggling frequency-changing RIS on and off. Furthermore, we analytically assess the average bit error probability (ABEP) of the proposed Over-the-Air OFDM-IM system using the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder. Subsequently, we present comprehensive computer simulation results to demonstrate the significant improvement in bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed Over-the-Air OFDM-IM system compared to reference systems employing RIS-aided OFDM.

This paper presents an innovative approach for terahertz (THz) band communications, utilizing reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) to implement an angular-based hybrid beamforming (AB-HBF). This study examines two significant THz channel scenarios with cost-efficient solutions utilizing RISs to enhance performance. The first scenario ensures reliable communication in the presence of obstacles blocking the direct path, where RISs offer an alternative transmission path. The second scenario leverages multiple-RIS in line-of-sight dominant or sparse environments to increase the rank of the channel matrix, consequently improving the achievable rate. By introducing an innovative HBF design for multiple-RIS-assisted THz massive MIMO systems, a three-stage design is proposed based on a geometry-based THz channel model. This design encompasses the transmit and receive radio frequency (RF) beamformers, transmit/receive baseband (BB) precoder/combiner, and RIS phase shift matrix. A particle swarm optimization-based solution is employed to design the RIS phase reflections. This design methodology is extended to the multiple-RIS-aided scenario, optimizing the phase shift matrices of each RIS. We also provide sub-connected AB-HBF configuration by offering a remarkable reduction in the total number of phase shifters compared to the fully-connected AB-HBF. Additionally, a deep learning-based phase shift design is incorporated to effectively optimize the RIS configurations, significantly reducing the computational time required for system calibration in dynamic THz environments. Extensive numerical experiments demonstrate the significant enhancement in the achievable rate of THz AB-HBF systems by incorporating RISs, mitigating the wireless propagation disruptions as well as reducing hardware cost/complexity and power consumption for massive MIMO systems.

Abstract Aims The National Early Warning Score (NEWS) is a scoring system that predicts increased mortality and morbidity in critical diseases. The National Early Warning Score + Lactate (NEWS + L) score was created by adding lactate values to this scoring system. In our study, we aimed to determine the value of the NEWS + L score in predicting clinical deterioration in patients presenting with acute decompensated heart failure (chronic heart failure). Methods and results In this observational, cross‐sectional study, patients with decompensated heart failure who were admitted to the emergency department between 1 October 2020 and 31 December 2020 were included. Patients were divided into two groups: those with and without poor prognostic outcomes. The main outcomes were in‐hospital mortality, discharge after treatment in the emergency department, admission to the ward, and admission to the intensive care unit. We analysed a total of 141 applications from 130 patients. The mean age was 72.6 ± 11.8 years, and 50.8% were female. Poor prognostic outcomes were observed in 92 (65%) patients. There was no difference between the patients with and without poor prognostic outcomes in terms of mean age, gender, and comorbidities, except for atrial fibrillation. There was a statistically significant difference between the patients without and with poor prognosis outcomes in terms of NEWS {3 [interquartile range (IQR): 0–5] and 6 [IQR: 3–8]} and NEWS + L scores [4.7 (IQR: 2.3–7.2) and 8.0 (IQR: 5.2–10.4)] (P

Objective: No-reflow phenomenon is one of well-known complications of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The rate of no-reflow phenomenon was reported between 2-44% differing on the accompanying situations and more frequent in acute myocardial infarction. Predictive factors for no-reflow phenomenon have not been clearly defined. We aimed to define predictive factors for no-reflow development in patients who presented with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and treated with primary (PPCI). Method: Patients who underwent PPCI between 2017 and 2021 in our clinic were included retrospectively. Demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were recorded. Two groups generated according to no-reflow development: no-reflow (+) and (-). Results: Six hundred eighty-nine patients were included. Mean age was 55.9±8.7 years and 71.8% were male. 107 patients (15.5%) were formed no-reflow (+) group and 582 patients were formed no-reflow (-) group. Left ventricular ejection fraction, troponin, fasting blood glucose, TIMI thrombus grade and TIMI thrombus category were determined as independent predictors of no-reflow development. Conclusion: Considering the relationship between no-reflow development and adverse outcomes such as in-hospital adverse cardiac events, left ventricular remodeling, malignant ventricular arrhythmia, or heart failure, it may help to identify the factors that predict the risk of no-reflow and take preventive measures to improve the long-term outcome.

Bu çalışmada, Alev Sprey Pirolizi (ASP) metodunun içi boş Al2O3 küreciklerin sentezinde kullanılabilirliği incelenmiştir. Nihai partikül sentezini sağlayacak başlangıç kimyasalı reaktöre emülsiyon formunda beslenmiştir. Emülsiyonlar, alüminyum nitrat sulu çözeltilerinin, hacimce %9,4 ile %18,8 arasında değişen konsantrasyonlarda yüzey etken madde (PEG-30 dipolihidroksistearat) içeren ksilen sisteminde dağıtılması ile elde edilmiştir. Nitrat çözeltisi/ksilen oranı 1:2 – 1:4 aralığında değiştirilmiş ve çalışılan her oranda artan PEG-30 miktarının dağılan faz boyutunu azalttığı ve emülsiyon kararlığını arttırdığı gözlenmiştir. Hazırlanan emülsiyonlar sabit yanma koşullarında reaktöre beslenmiştir. Partiküllerin fiziksel ve kimyasal analizleri taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile yapılmıştır. Analizlerde, kullanılan her bir sistem için, dolu partiküller ile birlikte içi boş küreciklerin bir arada bulunduğu heterojen bir yapı gözlenmiştir. Emülsiyonlardaki normal dağılıma göre daha geniş ve bimodal dağılıma sahip partiküller, emülsiyon üniform yapısının reaktörde korunamadığını ve/veya oluşan farklı yanma koşullarının damlacıktan-partiküle ve gazdan-partiküle olmak üzere iki farklı mekanizmaya sebep olduğunu göstermiştir. Bütünlüğünü koruyan içi boş partiküllerin belirli boyutun altında oluşabildiği, iri boş partiküllerin ise deforme oldukları gözlenmiştir.

Emotions are pervasive in Economics. The spillover effect of Central Bank's interest decision is a crucial topic not only to economies but also to individuals. Twitter is a useful source of data for social and economic research as data provides public available and accessible easily. The study aims to determine the emotions with longitudinal research by analyzing tweets about the interest decision of the Central Bank in Turkiye. Within the study emotions expressed by tweets about interest rate decision are analyzed using Plutchik’s Wheel of Emotions. The 2873 tweets about the interest decision cut on 29 November 2022 were examined by the Maxqda qualitative data analysis program. According to findings, the emotion of "anger" is mostly concentrated under the heading of interest rate decision. Also the analysis indicated that majority of tweets emphasized inflation and foreign exchange among macroeconomic variables and reducing interest indicates negative effects on economy especially by means of inflation. The study contains the classification of emotions regarding interest rate decision and provides evidence that economic decisions affect emotions and they are not independent from each other. Also study aims to provide comprehensive data for researchers who want to use Twitter with economics and emotions together.

In this research, the perspectives of students enrolled in the home care nursing program towards the concept of aging were explored through metaphor analysis. A qualitative research method and case study design were employed in the study. The sample group of the study consisted of 70 students continuing their education in the home care nursing program of a state university in Turkey. The participating students were asked to complete the sentence "Aging is like... because..." The analysis of the collected data revealed 21 metaphors, leading to the emergence of three themes based on common characteristics of these metaphors. After content analysis, under the theme of dependency, metaphors such as compassion, dependency, loneliness, love, and empathy were identified. Under the theme of the source of light, metaphors likewise person, source of knowledge, and maturation were found. Finally, under the theme of the end of the road, metaphors including death, hopelessness, and regret were identified. In conclusion, the study indicated that the home care nursing students involved in the study had generally positive perceptions of aging; however, they also exhibited some negative perspectives such as helplessness and weakness.

Phrases are the strongest building blocks of syntax, which is the main structure of a language. In other words, phrases form syntax. In this sense, the structures and diversity of phrases, approaches and classifications on this subject are, in a way, indicators that reveal the logic of that language. In this study, considering that they are the building blocks of the language and their role in syntax, the phrases in Uzbek Turkic will be discussed both within themselves and sometimes in comparison with Turkey Turkish. In studies aimed at determining the commonalities between branches of the Turkic language, it is very important to identify the unique structures of dialects and present them comparatively. In this context, beyond vocabulary, natural unity between words is one of the strongest evidence showing the commonality of origin of the Turkic language. It has been determined that there are high similarities between the two major branches of the Turkic language in terms of phrases. The main difference in this field is the logic of handling phrases and classification methods. As can be understood from the overall study, a significant part of the terms expressing phrases in Uzbek Turkic are terms derived from words of Turkic origin. In this sense, it seems possible to exchange terms. Likewise, mutual benefits are possible in terms of methods. It would be beneficial to increase such studies in determining the common roots of the Turkic language and evolving it towards a common language in the future.

As a result of the rapid depletion of resources and the damage caused by excessive consumption to the environment, resource management, and material reuse in the construction sector are a necessity for sustainability. This study aims to emphasize the importance of reuse. For this purpose, a workshop was conducted to transform the volumes provided by the out-of-use or ready-made materials into re-use spaces with a different function. The first stage of the study, which is carried out in three stages, is the preparatory stage, where the students do preliminary research on the subject; the second stage is the stage where the students do design studies, and the third stage is the stage where the evaluations regarding the design decisions and learning outcomes are made. At the end of the study, fourteen products were designed by the students, and eight of them were handled within the scope of the study. The direction of the advantages and disadvantages created by the properties of the materials in the design has been evaluated in terms of functionality, technique, and aesthetics. Then, the awareness and development of the students about reuse were evaluated. As a result of the study, it has been revealed that the materials that are out of use and/or produced for different purposes can have creative or guiding effects on the design, and while doing this, they can exhibit a beneficial and sustainable approach to the environment.

Immunotherapy, in addition to surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and targeted therapies in cancer treatment, has emerged over the last decade as a significant contributor to improving patient survival. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI), which is a simple and useful tool that provides information about the general health status of patients and helps the treatment process, is used for many different types of cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic importance of PNI on mortality in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. A total of 100 patients who were treated with immune checkpoint blockade in the oncology outpatient clinic were included retrospectively. According to our findings, only 23% of patients responded to immunotherapy, while 72% progressed. When PNI values were compared according to mortality status, it was determined that PNI values at baseline, first, third, sixth, and twelfth months were statistically significantly lower in patients who died during their follow-up. We also determined 44 as the cut-off value for the PNI in our study. The mortality rate was 76.7% in patients with PNI>44 and 43.5% in patients with PNI≤44. PNI appears to be a simple and useful tool for predicting mortality in cancer patients treated with immunotherapy. [Med-Science 2023; 12(4.000): 1134-9]