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Thirty six species from 5 families (Lasiocampidae, Brahmaeidae, Endromididae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae) of Lasiocampoidea and Bombycoidea superfamilies are reported from the territory of Kemerovo Region of Russia. Nine species – Malacosoma castrense (Linnaeus, 1758), Eriogaster lanestris (Linnaeus, 1758), Macrothylacia rubi (Linnaeus, 1758), Phyllodesma japonicum Leech, 1889, Dendrolimus pini (Linnaeus, 1758), Odonestis pruni (Linnaeus, 1758), Lemonia dumi (Linnaeus, 1761), Agrius convolvuli (Linnaeus, 1758), and Proserpinus proserpina (Pallas, 1772) – are new to Kemerovo Region.

An overview of Notodontidae species composition of Kemerovo Province is given in the article. At present time, 28 species of 13 Notodontidae genera are registered. Two species (Cerura przewalskii (Alphéraky, 1882) and Notodonta dembowskii Oberthür, 1879) are recorded from Kemerovo Province for the first time.

Background Although moderate endurance exercise has been reported to improve cardiovascular health, its effects on cardiac structure and function are not fully characterized, especially with respect to sexual dimorphism. We aimed to assess the effects of moderate endurance exercise on cardiac physiology in male versus female mice. Methods and Results C57BL/6J mice of both sexes were run on a treadmill for 6 weeks. ECG and echocardiography were performed every 2 weeks. After 6 weeks of exercise, mice were euthanized, and triple parametric optical mapping was performed on Langendorff perfused hearts to assess cardiac electrophysiology. Arrhythmia inducibility was tested by programmed electrical stimulation. Left ventricular tissue was fixed, and RNA sequencing was performed to determine exercise‐induced transcriptional changes. Exercise‐induced left ventricular dilatation was observed in female mice alone, as evidenced by increased left ventricular diameter and reduced left ventricular wall thickness. Increased cardiac output was also observed in female exercised mice but not males. Optical mapping revealed further sexual dimorphism in exercise‐induced modulation of cardiac electrophysiology. In female mice, exercise prolonged action potential duration and reduced voltage‐calcium influx delay. In male mice, exercise reduced the calcium decay constant, suggesting faster calcium reuptake. Exercise increased arrhythmia inducibility in both male and female mice; however, arrhythmia duration was increased only in females. Lastly, exercise‐induced transcriptional changes were sex dependent: females and males exhibited the most significant changes in contractile versus metabolism‐related genes, respectively. Conclusions Our data suggest that moderate endurance exercise can significantly alter multiple aspects of cardiac physiology in a sex‐dependent manner. Although some of these effects are beneficial, like improved cardiac mechanical function, others are potentially proarrhythmic.

Adenovirus vaccines, particularly the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenovirus vaccine, have emerged as promising tools in the fight against infectious diseases. In this study, we investigated the structure of the T cell response to the Spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus used in the COVID-19 Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine in a phase 3 clinical trial (NCT04540419). In 69 participants, we collected peripheral blood samples at four time points after vaccination or placebo injection. Sequencing of T cell receptor repertoires from Spike-stimulated T cell cultures at day 14 from 17 vaccinated revealed a more diverse CD4+ T cell repertoire compared to CD8+. Nevertheless, CD8+ clonotypes accounted for more than half of the Spike-specific repertoire. Our longitudinal analysis showed a peak T cell response at day 14, followed by a decline until month 6. Remarkably, multiple T cell clonotypes persisted for at least 6 months after vaccination, as demonstrated by ex vivo stimulation. Examination of CDR3 regions revealed homologous sequences in both CD4+ and CD8+ clonotypes, with major CD8+ clonotypes sharing high similarity with annotated sequences specific for the NYNYLYRLF peptide, suggesting potential immunodominance. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the immunogenicity of the Ad5-nCoV adenoviral vaccine and highlights its ability to induce robust and durable T cell responses. These findings provide valuable insight into the efficacy of the vaccine against COVID-19 and provide critical information for ongoing efforts to control infectious diseases.

Temporary postoperative cardiac pacing requires devices with percutaneous leads and external wired power and control systems. This hardware introduces risks for infection, limitations on patient mobility, and requirements for surgical extraction procedures. Bioresorbable pacemakers mitigate some of these disadvantages, but they demand pairing with external, wired systems and secondary mechanisms for control. We present a transient closed-loop system that combines a time-synchronized, wireless network of skin-integrated devices with an advanced bioresorbable pacemaker to control cardiac rhythms, track cardiopulmonary status, provide multihaptic feedback, and enable transient operation with minimal patient burden. The result provides a range of autonomous, rate-adaptive cardiac pacing capabilities, as demonstrated in rat, canine, and human heart studies. This work establishes an engineering framework for closed-loop temporary electrotherapy using wirelessly linked, body-integrated bioelectronic devices.

BackgroundRight ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) is a common source of ventricular tachycardia, which often requires ablation. However, the mechanisms underlying the RVOT's unique arrhythmia susceptibility remain poorly understood due to lack of detailed electrophysiological and molecular studies of the human RVOT.MethodsWe conducted optical mapping studies in 16 nondiseased donor human RVOT preparations subjected to pharmacologically induced adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation to evaluate susceptibility to arrhythmias and characterize arrhythmia dynamics.ResultsWe found that under control conditions, RVOT has shorter action potential duration at 80% repolarization relative to the right ventricular apical region. Treatment with isoproterenol (100 nM) shortened action potential duration at 80% repolarization and increased incidence of premature ventricular contractions (P=0.003), whereas acetylcholine (100 μM) stimulation alone had no effect on action potential duration at 80% repolarization or premature ventricular contractions. However, acetylcholine treatment after isoproterenol stimulation reduced the incidence of premature ventricular contractions (P=0.034) and partially reversed action potential duration at 80% repolarization shortening (P=0.029). Immunolabeling of RVOT (n=4) confirmed the presence of cholinergic marker VAChT (vesicular acetylcholine transporter) in the region. Rapid pacing revealed RVOT susceptibility to both concordant and discordant alternans. Investigation into transmural arrhythmia dynamics showed that arrhythmia wave fronts and phase singularities (rotors) were relatively more organized in the endocardium than in the epicardium (P=0.006). Moreover, there was a weak but positive spatiotemporal autocorrelation between epicardial and endocardial arrhythmic wave fronts and rotors. Transcriptome analysis (n=10 hearts) suggests a trend that MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling, calcium signaling, and cGMP-PKG (protein kinase G) signaling are among the pathways that may be enriched in the male RVOT, whereas pathways of neurodegeneration may be enriched in the female RVOT.ConclusionsHuman RVOT electrophysiology is characterized by shorter action potential duration relative to the right ventricular apical region. Cholinergic right ventricular stimulation attenuates the arrhythmogenic effects of adrenergic stimulation, including increase in frequency of premature ventricular contractions and shortening of wavelength. Right ventricular arrhythmia is characterized by positive spatial-temporal autocorrelation between epicardial-endocardial arrhythmic wave fronts and rotors that are relatively more organized in the endocardium.

Bacillus strains are ubiquitous in the environment and are widely used in the microbiological industry as valuable enzyme sources, as well as in agriculture to stimulate plant growth. The Bacillus genus comprises several closely related groups of species. The rapid classification of these remains challenging using existing methods. Techniques based on MALDI-TOF MS data analysis hold significant promise for fast and precise microbial strains classification at both the genus and species levels. In previous work, we proposed a geometric approach to Bacillus strain classification based on mass spectra analysis via the centroid method (CM). One limitation of such methods is the noise in MS spectra. In this study, we used a denoising autoencoder (DAE) to improve bacteria classification accuracy under noisy MS spectra conditions. We employed a denoising autoencoder approach to convert noisy MS spectra into latent variables representing molecular patterns in the original MS data, and the Random Forest method to classify bacterial strains by latent variables. Comparison of the DAE-RF with the CM method using the artificially noisy test samples showed that DAE-RF offers higher noise robustness. Hence, the DAE-RF method could be utilized for noise-robust, fast, and neat classification of Bacillus species according to MALDI-TOF MS data.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment of extracranial dissection of the internal carotid artery, as well as pseudoaneurysm associated with dissection.Clinical cases: In this article we report the results of endovascular treatment of 2 patients with iatrogenic and spontaneous dissection of the cervical segment of the internal carotid artery.Conclusions: Internal carotid artery dissection can lead to significant narrowing of the vessel lumen, occlusion or pseudoaneurysm followed by hemodynamic or embolic stroke despite anticoagulant therapy. In some cases, endovascular stenting for dissection is a safe and effective method of restoring vessel lumen integrity with a good clinical outcome.

Objective. The aim of the work is to assess the possibility of applying the theory of “gray systems” to build a methodology for predicting the number of identified vulnerabilities in conditions of uncertainty of influencing factors and lack of initial data, including a comparative analysis of the results of this prediction obtained using traditional and improved models of the theory of “gray systems”, as well as machine learning models.Method. The paper describes a technique for constructing a “gray model” for predicting the number of identified vulnerabilities based on the theory of “gray systems”. The initial data for forecasting is information obtained from the CVE (Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures) vulnerability database. In the course of the study, the results of forecasting obtained using the developed “gray model” and the linear regression model implemented on the basis of the scikit-learn library and the Python programming language are analyzed.Result. The use of a linear regression model and models based on the theory of “gray systems” to predict the number of identified vulnerabilities allows you to get close forecast values. According to data obtained from the CVE vulnerability database, information on 7,015 identified vulnerabilities was published for the 1st quarter of 2023. The forecast obtained on the basis of the traditional model of the theory of “gray systems” turned out to be the closest to the published value. It should be noted that the forecast of the “gray model” is based only on the values of the initial data and does not depend on the circumstances arising in the field of information security, which is a limitation in the use of the proposed methodology.Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the possibility of applying the theory of “gray systems” for short-term forecasting of the number of detected vulnerabilities. The application of the developed methodology makes it possible to carry out the specified forecasting with a limited number of initial data.

Minor histocompatibility antigens (MiHAs) are polymorphic peptides on the cell surface derived from self-proteins that are capable to induce an immune response during allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation. Their presentation occurs in the context of the certain major histocompatibility complex (HLA – human leucocyte antigen) alleles. One of the most common HLA alleles is HLA-A*02:01. Accordingly, for a significant number of donors and recipients pairs, it is possible to use the MiHAs presented in the HLA-A*02:01 as a target for relapsed leukemia therapy. This review discusses the main known MiHAs presented in the context of HLA-A*02:01, their characteristics and approaches used for identification. The described approaches may be used to search for new MiHAs for immunotherapy.

Remodeling of injured sympathetic nerves on the heart after myocardial infarction (MI) contributes to adverse outcomes such as sudden arrhythmic death, yet the underlying structural mechanisms are poorly understood. We sought to examine microstructural changes on the heart after MI and to directly link these changes with electrical dysfunction. We developed a high-resolution pipeline for anatomically precise alignment of electrical maps with structural myofiber and nerve-fiber maps created by customized computer vision algorithms. Using this integrative approach in a mouse model, we identified distinct structure-function correlates to objectively delineate the infarct border zone, a known source of arrhythmias after MI. During tyramine-induced sympathetic nerve activation, we demonstrated regional patterns of altered electrical conduction aligned directly with altered neuroeffector junction distribution, pointing to potential neural substrates for cardiac arrhythmia. This study establishes a synergistic framework for examining structure-function relationships after MI with microscopic precision that has potential to advance understanding of arrhythmogenic mechanisms.