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Indoor air pollution in developing countries has a direct impact on the mortality rate. Washrooms and kitchens are the common sources of indoor air pollution. In recent years, Scientists and public have shown more concern towards indoor air quality as most people spend more than 70-90% of their time indoors. Shower head and faucets can accumulate bacteria due to the moist environment in washrooms. The swift in the deterioration in quality of atmospheric conditions is very high due to unclean emissions from automobiles and industries. These changes could be the causes of life threatening diseases. An air quality monitoring system that relies on IoT and cloud computing is presented in the proposed work. The device is designed to sense CO, CO, H, NH, LPG, Toluene, Temperature and Humidity. The system sense the presence of these air 2 2 3 pollutants and send them to cloud analysis. It also includes the development of a mobile application to monitor and alert whenever the pollutant concentration exceeds the threshold value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the large-scale development in satellite and network communication technologies, there is a significant demand for preserving the secure storage and transmission of the data over the internet and shared network environments. New challenges appeared that are related to the protection of critical and sensitive data from illegal usage and unauthorized access. In this paper, we address the issues described above and develop new techniques to eliminate the associated problems. To achieve this, we propose a design of a new sensor node for tracking the location of cars and collecting all information and all visited locations by cars, followed by encryption in a sensor node and saving in the database. A microcontroller of Arduino esp8266 Node MCU board and a GPS module are used. The cryptography uses the chaos-based symmetric-key encryption technique for data. This scheme utilizes a chaotic map (Hénon map) for robustness and security of data. The key sensitivity can be performed by statistical experiments to determine the safety, reliability, and speed of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm presents several exciting features, such as a high level of security, sufficient saving of the energy of the sensor network, and an acceptable encryption speed compared to Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Data Encryption Standard (DES). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, smart farming involves the integration of advanced technologies that incorporate low-cost robots to meet the required knowledge and maintain the health of plants in farming. Technologies like precision agriculture are also used to optimize resources based on the field condition. Internet of Green Things is also one of the technologies to integrate and share the information between people and healthy farm things. Internet of Green Things gives the information like soil moisture, temperature, humidity, and nutrient level by means of respective sensors. Monitoring and information gathering in green houses with the help of robots is a tedious and expensive process. In this connection, information is shared among low-cost robots encouraging data availability of the current state of a plant with other robots. This will emphasize the monitoring of green houses in a well-organized way. In this article, a Flask-based framework through Raspberry Pi is proposed for interoperability among the low-cost ESP8266 robots. Data gathering is performed by smart robots that are accessible through Message Queuing Telemetry Transport subscribes by means of Representational State Transfer Application Programming Interface. A cloud-like database server is provided to stock up the data. The integration of robotics with Internet of Green Things gains more advantage in gathering about spatial information data that are connected with the irrigation. Visualization techniques and perspectives based on Internet of Green Things for precision agriculture in the field of farming are highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Three-Axial Level (TAL) device measures the angular inclination around the three axes of the orthogonal system. It consists of a tripleaxis magnetometer sensor with I²C transmission and a NodeMCU V3 development board with WiFi module integrated. The device processes data from sensor, displays it on its screen and also transmits the angular values to various PADs (Portable Access Device). The experimental testing confirmed the initial expectation, showing the properly on-site operation of the designed device. This device is useful in the supervising process to avoid perturbing the worker that performs the leveling operation or when the working place is hard to reach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ingeniería - UPTC is the property of Universidad Pedagogica y Tecnologica de Colombia, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Currently, two-wheelers are the most popular mode of transportation, driven by the majority the people. Research by the World Health Organization (WHO) identifies that most two-wheeler deaths are caused due to not wearing a helmet. However, the advancement in sensors and wireless communication technology empowers one to monitor physical things such as helmets through wireless technology. Motivated by these aspects, this article proposes a wireless personal network and an Internet of Things assisted system for automating the ignition of two-wheelers with authorization and authentication through the helmet. The authentication and authorization are realized with the assistance of a helmet node and a two-wheeler node based on 2.4 GHz RF communication. The helmet node is embedded with three flex sensors utilized to experiment with different age groups and under different temperature conditions. The statistical data collected during the experiment are utilized to identify the appropriate threshold value through a t-test hypothesis for igniting the two-wheelers. The threshold value obtained after the t-test is logged in the helmet node for initiating the communication with the two-wheeler node. The pairing of the helmet node along with the RFID key is achieved through 2.4 GHZ RF communication. During real-time implementation, the helmet node updates the status to the server and LABVIEW data logger, after wearing the helmet. Along with the customization of hardware, a LABVIEW data logger is designed to visualize the data on the server side.

O Eletrocardiograma (ECG) é um procedimento clínico que mede a atividade elétrica gerada pelo coração, monitorando e diagnosticando as condições cardíacas. O ECG é adquirido, normalmente, por eletrodos em contato com a pele, havendo elementos de condicionamento, processamento e registro do sinal. Com o avanço das áreas de telemedicina e sistemas embarcados, os sistemas de aquisição de sinais ECG tem se miniaturizado, vem sendo propostos para uso em lugares remotos e incorporam técnicas de Internet das Coisas (IoT – Internet of Things) habilitando a visualização dos sinais por dispositivos portáteis (smartphones e tablets) e pela internet. O sistema de aquisição de sinais ECG aqui proposto é um eletrocardiógrafo que integra elementos de aquisição, condicionamento, processamento e visualização dos sinais ECG usando componentes analógico-digitais e transmitido a frequência cardíaca através da internet usando o módulo WiVi ESP8266. Filtros digitais desenvolvidos com LabVIEW® foram também implementados e visam avaliar a possibilidade do condicionamento analógico, visando a miniaturização.

Lack of commonly accepted standards for the connected devices' APls caused the situation when each manufacturer creates its own mobile application to control their devices. We propose an approach to the design of a self-descriptive CoAP­based API using Hydra Core Vocabulary (bttp://hydra-cg.com) which allows to ereate an adsptive mobile application to control any device. In this paper we describe the approach, evaluate it on two exemplified devices build using ESP8266 Wi-Fi module and describe the architecture of a mobile application controlling these devices.

The postpaid KWH Meter reading by officers is sometimes constrained to reach the physical KWH Meter because the house fence is locked or the KWH Meter is inside the house. This often causes problems such as reading errors and the officer must come to the customer several times. Therefore a telemonitoring system for KWH Meters is made through an online WiFi network to help officers record electricity usage for consumers. This system uses ACS712 current sensor, ZMPT101B voltage sensor, different phase sensor, RTC DS1307 as a timer and date, Arduino as a data processor, Micro SD Card for storing date, time, and sensor readings, LCD as a viewer, and transmitted with modules ESP8266 Wi-Fi to a smartphone or PC with a simple web display. The test results show that all components can function properly. ACS712 30A current sensor has an average error of 1%, and the ZMPT101B voltage sensor is capable of carrying out voltage readings in load or no load conditions with an average error of 0.5% and a different phase sensor has an average error of 1% for resistive load and 4.2% for inductive loads of TL lights. Power measurements have an average error of 1.3% for 75W incandescent lamp loads and 300W irons. The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module emits a maximum of 15 meters when not blocked and 10 meters when blocked. All measurement data can be stored on the SD Card.

This article presents the design of several sensors used in a kitchen environment, using a MCU ESP8266 node microcontroller as a base, which communicates with the ThingSpeak server. Firstly, each sensor was tested to analyze its functioning, then PCBs were designed using PROTEUS; afterwards, electronic circuit was designed and mounted and finally, communication with the server was implemented via Wi-Fi. This allowed to determine different states of the sensor by 10 seconds intervals and to analyze the kitchen scene setting. It is concluded that the system is 100,0% efficient when magnetic door, current and water flow sensors are used; and displays an 86,2% efficiency with the movement sensor and the analysis via acquired graphics in the ThingSpeak server showed optimal results because the amount and time interval of data acquisition and date of sensors state change, were established accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last years, the interconnection of everyday instruments with internet using internet of thinks (IOT), is widely used as a monitoring and controlling in engineering as in smart cities, environmental, others. In this paper, a remote monitoring system of a pressure regulator is developed through an internet of thinks (IOT) communication tool, using MATLAB® programming platforms. The development of monitoring system for acquisition and communication corresponds to the NodeMCU as a microcontroller with ESP8266 for Wi-Fi connected. This system allows to monitor the reference of the pressure regulator and monitor the information of the transducers machine of the plant. Among the advantages of this type of development is that the server is free, and the development system is low cost, also with this type of projects can strengthen the infrastructure of laboratory equipment in engineering to be controlling in a way remote. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Humans have always been at the top of the animal kingdom. It's a privilege we are all grateful for, but wouldn't it be marvelous if we could substitute our chores for some leisure time? We can start by deploying small functional autonomous cars. Autonomous cars are the elementary steps of progress towards advancement in IoT and Artificial Intelligence. In this paper, we present the idea of a low-cost autonomous vehicle, which will be controlled by voice commands, given by the user. The user may be located at some remote location, but as long as he/she is connected to the Internet, the vehicle will follow voice instructions. The idea is implemented through NodeMCU ESP866, Adafruit, and IFTTT. The instructions are fed to the vehicle through Google Assistant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of Internet of Things (IoT), more and more systems based on embedded devices emerged, especially in indoor environment. However, control and management of these devices are not convenient. In this paper a universal multi-layer intelligent service platform, which provides efficient operations and various value-added services, is proposed for indoor IoT systems. The platform has a flexible framework which consists at most four layers: terminal, gateway, local server and cloud server layers. Several combinations among these layers are designed for different situations. Also the platform provides features of lightweight, intelligent, personalized and secure. The following issues of proposed platform are discussed in details: (1) different layers and their combinations; (2) ESP8266 based lightweight terminals and gateway constitution; (3) general components of a server, deployment of multiple servers and procedures of intelligent services; (4) multiple human-computer interaction interfaces including web/mobile APP, intelligent speaker and unified remote control; (5) communication protocols between different entities and an example; (6) possible intelligent services and an example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, heart diseases are the major cause of death toll. Sometimes, a heart attack results in immediate death and in some case, patients need to be monitored after their first attack to reduce the risk of an attack. This paper is aimed to improve the patient monitoring with minimal number of staffs. In this paper, smart hand gloves are introduced to monitor the patient heart rate and the body temperature. Physiological health parameters are sensed which after collecting and processing, is displayed on the LCD screen. The system is also connected via IoT platform named Blynk, which assists the caretaker in remote monitoring. The data collected can be stored for future diagnostic purposes. Moreover, the system helps the patients to do basic activity on their own. It is equipped with buttons to enable the patient to communicate with the family members and doctors as well. The fitted buzzer will alert family members about emergency situations where the heart rate or body temperature is higher than normal range. Additionally, further advances can be made by real time camera setup to guard the patient's activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid climate change is generating an urgent need to understand how organisms respond to environmental variation. Understanding these responses at an organismal level requires environmental data at finer spatial and temporal scales than is available from global datasets. Current measurement technologies force a trade‐off between collecting data at the broad spatial scales relevant to global change while simultaneously capturing environmental variation at the fine spatial and temporal scales relevant to organisms. The greatest hurdle to ameliorating this trade‐off is the cost of commercially available sensors.Here, we introduce environmental microcontroller units (EMUs), data loggers designed and built to accurately measure fine‐scale variation in temperature, humidity, light, and soil moisture at low cost. We detail how to construct EMUs, test their utility in measuring microenvironment under field settings, and compare their accuracy to commercial data loggers in the same field setting.Parts for EMUs cost less than $20 per unit; an order of magnitude less than comparable commercial loggers. Their cost‐effectiveness allows for many more units to be deployed to measure microenvironment, providing the capacity for broader spatial sampling. Their programmability and modularity make them flexible, and they can be quickly assembled using unskilled labour.Using EMUs in a field setting, we detected microenvironmental variation in temperature, humidity, irradiance, and soil moisture at scales of <80 m. Despite their affordability, EMUs were of comparable accuracy to that of commercial sensors.With the growing availability of inexpensive microcontrollers and hobbyist electronics, the time is ripe to tap into the versatility and computational power of do‐it‐yourself electronics to address critical ecological questions. In addition to marked cost advantages, EMUs are both more flexible and more capable than most commercial options, providing the tools to bypass the trade‐off between the extent and resolution of environmental measurement. Yet, their simple design makes constructing them feasible for ecologists without specialist backgrounds in electronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Inspectorate of Merauke Regency has a role as an internal supervisory agency for the implementation of government in Merauke Regency. Mobility in the office has not been supported by an entry and exit permit book for employees during working hours. The impact is a lack of employee attendance information. In addition, the process of calculating the percentage of active working time also experiences problems because it is done conventionally. To solve this problem, an employee mobility system was designed in the office by utilizing Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. The system was built using the prototyping method. The design of mobility devices using a limited microcontroller in the form of a prototype. Presentation of data and information from the prototype recording is displayed on a website. The website is built using PHP and javascript programming languages. The results of the study led to a new innovation in monitoring the attendance of employees at the office during working hours by the Receptionist Department. The results of this study are also able to present the calculation of earning an allowance called Tunjangan Khusus Pengawasan Daerah (TKPD) for employees in the form of a percentage of mobility activity during active working hours.

Along this paper, we present a new multi agent-based system to gather waste on cities and villages. We have developed a low cost wireless sensor prototype to measure the volume level of the containers. Furthermore a route system is developed to optimize the routes of the trucks and a mobile application has been developed to help drivers in their working days. In order to evaluate and validate the proposed system a practical case study in a real city environment is modeled using open data available and with the purpose of identifying limitations of the system.

The proposed system mainly involves the preparation of IoT based sensor control in order to maintain the industrial safety whenever there is a fluctuation in the heat, water and radiation etc. By doing so using that technology along with the interface ESP8266 which manipulates all the values in cut off and if there is any increase of value it is indicated in the display and also the alert is given to them. Thus the module is being designed in such a way that it has all types of sensors like gas sensors, proximity sensor and heatsensor incorporated into them in proper way to support the safety. The WiFi module is connected with the system so as to achieve the guidelines to manage the sensitive alert to the end user to maintain the results at valid condition. The results and every guidelines show that test cases observed to be good in calculating the risk and alert the end user to get rid of industrial accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industry 4.0 is a paradigm that enhances industrial automation systems with the recent advances in the domain of the Internet of Things (IoT), gaining new possibilities and providing new services. Traditional industrial machines do not have IoT capabilities, and in order to integrate such a machine into Industry 4.0, there is a need for an intermediary device or system that communicates with the machine through its supported communication interfaces and protocols and forwards the communication to the global network. This paper presents the development and experimental validation of a low-cost hardware module that can easily integrate the machine’s existing control unit into the IoT and enable synchronization of the measurements and states of the variables of the machine and its environment with a cloud server. The developed module is universal, can connect to any control unit that is able to communicate through basic RS232 serial communication, and does not require the control unit to have any higher level communication protocol implemented. On the other end, the presented solution uses a dedicated smartphone application to provide remote monitoring and control of the machine through the cloud by using the synchronized variable states, as well as further possibilities for storing, processing, and analyzing the historical data from the system. The developed solution was experimentally validated on an experimental setup consisting of a conveyor belt driven by a three-phase asynchronous electromotor controlled by a programmable logic controller through a variable-frequency drive.

Heart attack is one of the main causes of death nowadays especially for elderly people since it can strike anytime and anywhere. This project aims to build a smart assistant system that can predict the possibility of heart attack occurrence depending on the heartbeat rate before it happens for an elderly person wherever he/she is, and send a message to an elderly's relative or a specialist informing him/her that the elderly might have a possible heart attack along with the geometric location in order to try to save the elderly's life on time. In our system, a pulse sensor was attached to an Arduino microcontroller with ESP8266 NodeMCU as a Wi-Fi module to measure the heartbeat rate (BPM), if the heartbeat is either too low or too high, a message will be sent to a specified mobile, warning its owner of a possible heart attack. When the message arrives to the specified mobile, the owner will open an Android application named EPLSA. Through this application, he/she can send a request to the microcontroller asking for the geometric location. The microcontroller replies with the values of the latitude and longitude of the elderly's location which can be viewed on Google maps too. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Internet of Things (IoT) allow connection among devices using internet with the ability to gather and exchange data. These devices are usually attached with micro-controllers like Arduino, sensors, actuators and internet connectivity. In this context, Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT) plays an important role to exchange the data or information between the devices in IoT without knowing the identities of each other. This paper presents different service models for communication in Internet of Things(IoT). Model A presents use of serial USB as transmission medium while Model B uses the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport protocol (MQTT) which deploy a Wi-Fi module (ESP8266-12) to connect the system to internet. For communication, concept of publisher and subscriber is used. Messages are published or subscribed with the help of a broker or server. This agent is in charge of dispersing messages to intent clients depending on the choice of the topic of a message. Broker in MQTT is also called server. Some brokers used in MQTT are: -Mosquitto, Adafruit, hiveMQ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sistemas & Telemática is the property of Universidad ICESI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this study, patient monitoring system which enables instant recording the data from biomedical sensor (ECG, heart rate, temperature, movement, etc.) is developed. The main structures of the proposed system consist of biomedical sensors, ATmega microcontroller and IEEE 802.11 Wi-Fi module. The signals, obtained from the biomedical sensors, converted to digital data and transferred to the server by the Wi-Fi module. In this way, the biomedical data's are delivered to the medical staffs that are connected to the system with mobile and desktop devices. Moreover, in case of emergency the system could alert the relevant departments with embedded systems and server software. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Even novice engineers and non-technical students can design and build an Internet of Things (IoT) prototype in four days. We present a setup for rapid IoT prototyping in a classroom, identify necessary skills and combine these to a workshop that allows students to turn their ideas into prototypes. Our approach enables fast prototyping cycle, using a common and wellestablished development board and a computer. Arduino Uno is used for device prototyping and a Python program running on the same computer handles the needed Internet communications. A web server handles device and web client connectivity, logging and data monitoring. The method makes it possible to learn the needed basic skills in manageable steps, allowing students to focus on the actual prototype instead of struggling with the wireless and Internet communication problems. After the prototyping phase, the device can be ported to inexpensive and small ESP8266 based microcontroller. Compared to developing IoT prototypes directly with ESP8266, the setup presented is considerably faster. The whole process is based on free software tools which provides a possibility to utilize prototypes commercially, without a risk of a third party changing or discontinuing services. We arranged an experimental four-day workshop for university students (n = 19) from diverse backgrounds and varying levels of technical skills. All teams successfully built a working prototype based on their own ideas. Student self-assessment of programming skills was noticeably improved during the course. We later repeated the experiment with another group (n = 27) in a university of applied sciences, getting similar results. Our results indicate that this method is effective for learning IoT prototyping skills in a short time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]