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In actual operation, there are security risks to the data of the network control system, mainly in the form of possible eavesdropping of signals in the transmission channel and parameters in the controller leading to data leakage. In this paper, we propose a scheme for encrypting linear controllers using fully homomorphic encryption, which effectively removes these security risks and substantially improves the security of networked control systems. Meanwhile, this paper uses precomputation to handle data encryption, which eliminates the encryption time and solves the drawback of fully homomorphic encryption that it is difficult to apply due to the efficiency problem. Compared to previous schemes with precomputation, for the first time, we propose two methods to mitigate the problem of the slight security degradation caused by precomputation, which makes our scheme more secure. Finally, we provide numerical simulation results to support our scheme, and the data show that the encrypted controller achieves normal control and improves safety and efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: With the current explosion of data volume and the rapid development of cloud computing, cloud storage is one of the most important services of cloud computing. It greatly reduces the cost of users and improves the convenience of use, but the separation of data control and ownership has led to a series of security problems. This article proposes a fine‐grained assured deletion scheme based on onion encryption (ADOE) to ensure the security of user data and achieve assured deletion of data. In the past, the solution was limited by the credibility of the third party, and due to the limitation of the administrator's computing power, there would be a window period for processing high concurrency. In this article, the third party is abandoned, and most of the work is handed over to the CSP. Through multilayer encryption of data and role‐based access control, flexible and fine‐grained access and deletion are realized. At the same time, with this scheme, Merkle hash tree (MHT) is improved, and a new data verification structure Merkle index hash tree (MIHT) is designed to quickly retrieve data blocks and provide deletion proof. Finally, through experimental comparison and theoretical demonstration, it is proved that ADOE is a safe, efficient, and usable solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the pioneer and important fields in the computer science area is cloud computing. The data within cloud computing are usually transformed to it from local storage; therefore, the security of this data is an important issue. To solve this data security issue, it is important that cloud service providers (CSPs) store encrypted versions of user data. Before transmitting data to the cloud provider, it was encrypted using traditional encryption schemes. Nevertheless, for these schemes, the private key must be provided to the server to be used for the decryption on the other side before any calculations, yielding a security risk and issue for the cloud data. Homomorphic encryption provides a capable solution to this issue since it enables calculations on encrypted data with no need to be decrypted and the private encryption key is not compromised. A new fully homomorphic encryption scheme to protect cloud data is proposed in this paper, it is called NAZUZ. The NAZUZ scheme is based on prime modular operations and encrypts messages by operating on each character without converting them to binary. NAZUZ security relies on the difficulty of factoring large integer numbers and introduces noise complexity to the plaintext through the number of CSP users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic payment (E-payment) systems rely heavily on secure communication, typically achieved through encryption processes in cryptography. Traditional cryptography often relies on complex mathematical problems for encryption, such as difficult decompositions or extracting discrete logarithms. With the development of quantum computing, the security of these classical encryption methods is under threat. To address this challenge, quantum E-payment protocols have emerged as a potential solution. However, the practical quantum E-payment protocols are limited due to the channel transmission efficiency decreasing exponentially with distance. This is further constrained by the Pirandola–Laurenza–Ottaviani–Banchi (PLOB) bound. To address this challenge, we propose a twin-field quantum encryption protocol for E-payment based on blockchain. In our protocol, we propose a twin-field quantum encryption method to authenticate identity and detect eavesdropping simultaneously. It not only eliminates side-channel attacks on the detectors but also has the potential to break the PLOB bound. Our security analysis shows that our E-payment protocol exhibits security properties such as blindness, unforgeability, and undeniability. Furthermore, our protocol demonstrates withstand against common inside and outside attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) integrated Cloud (IoT-Cloud) has gotten much attention in the past decade. This technology's rapid growth makes it even more critical. As a result, it has become critical to protect data from attackers to maintain its integrity, confidentiality, protection, privacy, and the procedures required to handle it. Existing methods for detecting network anomalies are typically based on traditional machine learning (ML) models such as linear regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and so on. Although these methods can produce some outstanding results, they have low accuracy and rely heavily on manual traffic feature design, which has become obsolete in the age of big data. To overcome such drawbacks in intrusion detection (ID), this paper proposes a new deep learning (DL) model namely Morlet Wavelet Kernel Function included Long Short-Term Memory (MWKF-LSTM), to recognize the intrusions in the IoT-Cloud environment. Initially, to maintain a user's privacy in the network, the SHA-512 hashing mechanism incorporated a blockchain authentication (SHABA) model is developed that checks the authenticity of every device/user in the network for data uploading in the cloud. After successful authentication, the data is transmitted to the cloud through various gateways. Then the intrusion detection system (IDS) using MWKF-LSTM is implemented to identify the type of intrusions present in the received IoT data. The MWKF-LSTM classifier comes up with the Differential Evaluation based Dragonfly Algorithm (DEDFA) optimal feature selection (FS) model for increasing the performance of the classification. After ID, the non-attacked data is encrypted and stored in the cloud securely utilizing Enhanced Elliptical Curve Cryptography (E2CC) mechanism. Finally, in the data retrieval phase, the user's authentication is again checked to ensure user privacy and prevent the encrypted data in the cloud from intruders. Simulations and statistical analysis are performed, and the outcomes prove the superior performance of the presented approach over existing models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we present a new method that achieves Shannon's perfect secrecy. To achieve this property, we will introduce the triple XOR cancellation rule. The approach has two execution modes: digital signature and data encryption. We provide perfect secrecy proof of the encryption method. Furthermore, based on our fundamental algorithm, we developed a new strategy for the blockchain system that does not require proof of work (PoW). However, it is a practical mechanism for connecting blocks to the chain. Due to the risk that quantum computers present for current cryptosystems based on prime factorization or discrete logarithm, we postulate that our method represents a promising alternative in the quantum era. We expect our work to have profound implications for the security of communications between mobile devices, the Internet of Things (IoT), and the blockchain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using multiple, individual encryption schemes is a well-established method to increase the overall security of encrypted data. These so-called multiple encryption or hybrid schemes have regained traction in the context of public-key cryptography due to the rise of quantum computers, since it allows the combination of well-known classical encryption schemes with novel post-quantum schemes. In this paper, we conduct a survey of the state-of-the-art public-key multiple encryption (M-PKE) schemes. For the first time, we describe the most relevant M-PKE schemes in detail and discuss their security in a unified model, which allows better comparison between the schemes. Hence, we compare the security, efficiency, and complexity of the schemes and offer recommendations for usage based on common use cases. Our survey emphasizes the importance of being deliberate when combining encryption schemes, as small nuances can easily break security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cloud computing (CC) is an emerging field in the IT sector due to its prospective, progress and incredible impact on the development of that sector. CC is a centralized and distributed network comprised of interrelated and interconnected systems, and the whole universe uses the cloud for the ultimate portion of data transmission. However, the cloud cannot provide security assurance, which is one of the main drawbacks of the cloud. Blockchain is the fascinating massive attention in the cloud field because of its security features. It consists of a chain of several blocks composed of multiple transactions. These data available in blocks are encrypted and cannot be altered by any in the world. Several emerging applications are affected by insurance companies, anomalies, thieves, and intruders fetching individual data and disturbing the user's routine. This paper develops a blockchain-based modified infinite chaotic elliptic cryptography (MICEC) to improve and tighten the security in the cloud. It contains three stages: protection of authentication, ownership protection, and identity mapping validation. At first, MICEC is employed for an authentication process that combines the infinite elliptic curve cryptography and modified chaotic neural network for pair of key generation and data encryption. In addition, the hash function is generated with the aid of the improved message digest 5 algorithm. Second, the improved Message Content Recommendation Algorithm with Latent Dirichlet Allocation is used to compute the score values. At last, cosine similarity matching criteria is computed in the validation based on the digests. The proposed work is simulated using the JAVA programming language with NetBeans IDE. The performance is evaluated and compared to other methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Caesar cipher algorithm is one of the ancient algorithms. However, due to advances in technology the algorithm is now much simple to breach. This is because; each letter in the message is replaced by the same letter as specified. To raise the safety, some changes can be made. So, here we are going to use another arithmetic algorithm Diffie - Hellman's mode of changing the key to find the secret key and use simple calculations to verify data encryption. After obtaining a private shared key using the Diffie-Hellman method, depending on the operating mode with 26 keys to get the value of 26 or less, then the current character is taken with the key when the additional value of the new character. In any letter in the position of an 'x', the key first increases with an 'x' and is adjusted to get the encrypted letter. Therefore, 2 messages are repeated 2 times and the third letter has 3. This increases safety. This technology can be used to securely transfer sensitive information from one person to another. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of University of Anbar for Pure Science is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Attacks on the Internet of Things (IoT) are not highly considered during the design and implementation. The prioritization is making profits and supplying services to clients. Most cryptographic algorithms that are commonly used on the IoT are vulnerable to attacks such as linear, differential, differential–linear cryptanalysis attacks, and many more. In this study, we focus only on linear cryptanalysis attacks. Little has been achieved (by other researchers) to prevent or block linear cryptanalysis attacks on cryptographic algorithms used on the IoT. In this study, we managed to block the linear cryptanalysis attack using a mathematically novel approach called Galois Field of the order (232), denoted by GF (232), and high irreducible polynomials were used to re-construct weak substitution boxes (S-Box) of mostly cryptographic algorithms used on IoT. It is a novel approach because no one has ever used GF (232) and highly irreducible polynomials to block linear cryptanalysis attacks on the most commonly used cryptographic algorithms. The most commonly used cryptographic algorithms on the IoT are Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), BLOWFISH, CAMELLIA, CAST, CLEFIA, Data Encryption Standard (DES), Modular Multiplication-based Block (MMB), RC5, SERPENT, and SKIPJACK. We assume that the reader of this paper has basic knowledge of the above algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An investigation into the dynamic states and relative intensity noise of laser diodes subjected to double optical feedback has been conducted. We employed modified and improved time-delay rate equations to account for double external optical feedback. The dynamic states and noise of lasers will be investigated using bifurcation diagrams of the output photon number, its temporal variations, and the intensity noise of the laser. This analysis considers feedback strengths due to the double external cavity and their spacing from the front facet of the laser with and without phase due to feedback. The results reveal that considering phase causes significant variations in laser intensity and a phase shift in the temporal variations of the laser output. This results in relative intensity noise suppression and a frequency shift in the intensity noise spectrum. These findings represent new contributions to our understanding of the reliance of lasing frequency shift on the phase due to feedback, regardless of whether feedback originates from a single or double external cavity. We investigated the optimal conditions corresponding to stable dynamic states of the laser with the lowest noise level. Additionally, we identified conditions that result in chaotic dynamics, where the spectrum does not convey information about the laser system. These insights have potential applications in chaotic and secure optical data encryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data confidentiality, security authentication are just some of the many uses for image encryption, making it one of the most effective methods for safeguarding geospatial data. However, even with advancements in an encryption algorithms still face challenges in terms of both security and speed. However, limitations in key space, complexity of algorithms, make it susceptible to assaults plague present in image encryption methods. Considering the restrictions of past strategies, we've formulated a brought together way to deal with raster data encryption by consolidating shuffled raster Output, Chirikov and Chebyshev chaotic map. At the point image is the constant raster is first shuffled by shuffling method to muddle the pixels of each block. The randomization characteristic in keys generated by Chirikov and Chebyshev Chaotic maps will be used to encode raster data. Encryption is performed rapidly utilizing the recommended approach. The reenactment results exhibit the adequacy and reasonableness of the method for safeguarding raster geospatial data [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The burgeoning domain of the Internet of Things (IoT) encompasses a myriad of interconnected devices tasked with the automated collection of sensitive data. A paramount challenge within this realm is the establishment of stringent security protocols to safeguard sensitive information and thwart unauthorized access. Although various strategies have been conceived and implemented to fortify data protection in IoT environments, the unique resource limitations intrinsic to IoT devices necessitate further exploration. The criticality of efficient time and memory management for the optimization of IoT application performance cannot be overstated. This paper elucidates the efficacy of employing lightweight blockchain technology as a bulwark to secure numerous IoT applications. It introduces a symmetric cryptographic algorithm, known as Blowfish, tailored for the secure transmission of data within IoT networks. A novel key generation phase has been developed, demonstrating an adept utilization of time and memory resources on IoT devices for the encryption of transaction data. Furthermore, these transactions are recorded within a blockchain database, capitalizing on its inherent immutability. Comparative analysis reveals that the proposed scheme surpasses contemporary algorithms, including AES and 3DES, with regard to encryption time and memory overhead for key generation. This advancement heralds a significant stride in the quest to bolster IoT security [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital information, especially multimedia and its applications, has grown exponentially in recent years. It is important to strengthen sophisticated encryption algorithms due to the security needs of these innovative systems. The security of real-time audio applications is ensured in the present study through a framework for encryption. The design framework protects the confidentiality and integrity of voice communications by encrypting audio applications. A modern method of securing communication and protecting data is cryptography. Using cryptography is one of the most important techniques for protecting data and ensuring the security of messaging. The main purpose of this paper is to present a novel encryption scheme that can be used in real-time audio applications. We encrypt the sound using a combination of an infinite series of hyperbolic functions and the Laplace transform, and then decrypt it using the inverse Laplace transform. The modular arithmetic rules are used to generate the key for the coefficients acquired from the transformation. There is no loss of data or noise in the decryption sound. We also put several sound examples to the test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid advancement of internet technologies has accentuated the need for robust data security mechanisms, particularly in the realm of image transmission. Addressing this, our study introduces a cutting-edge encryption system that blends arithmetic operations with DNA-inspired biological processes and the complexity of chaotic systems, presenting a significant evolution in encryption methodologies. The system employs a synergetic fusion of DNA-based encryption and XOR operations, bolstered by a memristor-based chaotic system, to heighten the security barriers of image encryption. This innovative approach not only provides a secure means to transmit images over the internet but also lays new groundwork in the field of cryptographic research. Rigorous security analyses, including correlation, histogram, and differential attack assessments, are performed, with the findings validating the robustness and efficacy of the encryption process. The findings of this research, by offering an enhanced method that could provide a distinct perspective on information protection in an increasingly digitized world, expand the discourse on data security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve data security and network data security in the digital economy-driven environment, this paper combines data security technology and network security technology to build a digital economy security management and control system. Moreover, this paper describes the data encryption of the data owners before the framework index and the composition and construction method of the corresponding EncIR tree, and analyzes the spatial keyword group query algorithm on the EncIR tree. In addition, this paper analyzes the experimental performance of index building and spatial query, and builds an intelligent digital economy security system on the basis of these algorithms. The experimental research results verify that the data security technology and network data system driven by the digital economy have good security performance, and on this basis, follow-up security regulations can be formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we present a new cryptosystem named Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid (DNA) secret writing with the Laplace transform of the Mittag-Leffler function. The method is proper for encrypting large files. In this technique, we consider the original message as binary sequence. These binary streams corresponding to the plain text is transformed to DNA bases by utilizing DNA encoding, then the DNA codes are transformed to positive integers. We apply the Laplace transform to these numbers which are coefficients of the expansion of the Mittag-Leffler function. To provide multi-stage protection, the outcome coefficients are transformed to binary sequences and other level of encryption with cumulative XOR is applied and equivalent MSBs obtained at every iteration are utilized for building cipher text. Decryption is implemented in the opposite way. We employ monobit test, correlation analysis for measuring the reliability of encryption and Python programming language to obtain secret message, the plain text and computations of statistical tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novelty of this paper lies in its perspective, which underscores the fruitful correlation between biological and computer viruses. In the realm of computer science, the study of theoretical concepts often intersects with practical applications. Computer viruses have many common traits with their biological counterparts. Studying their correlation may enhance our perspective and, ultimately, augment our ability to successfully protect our computer systems and data against viruses. Game theory may be an appropriate tool for establishing the link between biological and computer viruses. In this work, we establish correlations between a well-known computer virus, VirLock, with an equally well-studied biological virus, the bacteriophage ϕ 6 . VirLock is a formidable ransomware that encrypts user files and demands a ransom for data restoration. Drawing a parallel with the biological virus bacteriophage ϕ 6 , we uncover conceptual links like shared attributes and behaviors, as well as useful insights. Following this line of thought, we suggest efficient strategies based on a game theory perspective, which have the potential to address the infections caused by VirLock, and other viruses with analogous behavior. Moreover, we propose mathematical formulations that integrate real-world variables, providing a means to gauge virus severity and design robust defensive strategies and analytics. This interdisciplinary inquiry, fusing game theory, biology, and computer science, advances our understanding of virus behavior, paving the way for the development of effective countermeasures while presenting an alternative viewpoint. Throughout this theoretical exploration, we contribute to the ongoing discourse on computer virus behavior and stimulate new avenues for addressing digital threats. In particular, the formulas and framework developed in this work can facilitate better risk analysis and assessment, and become useful tools in penetration testing analysis, helping companies and organizations enhance their security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is growing concern about IT security in the healthcare sector due to the number of cyberattacks. The objective of the review is to analyze the state of adoption of computer security in the healthcare sector and provide valuable knowledge to researchers and health organizations interested in this field of study. An exhaustive search of international and regional articles on computer security in healthcare organizations was conducted using Scopus, Dimensions, and pubMed databases. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement was used for the selection of articles published between 2018 and 2022. The final number of articles considered is 50. The review explored approaches related to computer security types, mechanisms, and technologies. The findings reveal that blockchain is the most widely used technology to protect medical information. In addition, network, software, and hardware security approaches are employed, using mechanisms such as data encryption, authentication, and access control. Based on these findings, a perimeter security model for the protection of medical information is proposed. In conclusion, these results highlight the importance of adopting robust security measures in terms of networks, software, and hardware, as well as adopting blockchain technology to improve data security in the healthcare sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing Fully Homomorphic Encryption schemes mainly operate on integer data in the finite field. However, in many real-life applications, the data is in floatingpoint number format, and the homomorphic encryption of floating-point information is challenging. This paper presents a new homomorphic encryption method for matrices whose elements are floating-point numbers. The proposed homomorphic encryption of Floating-Point Data Matrices is applied for secure image processing where the loss of accuracy due to the finite length of the floating-point format representation is insignificant. Here, the encryption/decryption keys are also in floating-point format. New techniques of homomorphic weighted addition, multiplication, and DCT calculation are presented. Homomorphic proxy re-encryption is the novelty of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cryptography field, which enables secure communication between civilians, governmental organizations, military forces, and many more, addresses security, confidentiality, and integrity of information being conveyed regardless of the medium used. Protection of priceless information resources on intranets, the Internet, and the cloud has become a vital demand of contemporary electronic security systems. In this paper, we deploy homomorphic data encryption (HDE) technique on Bipolar-valued Fuzzy Sub-Bigroups (BVFSB). Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets were presented by Atanassov in 1986, as a modification of Fuzzy Sets, by taking into consideration the grade of membership value and non-membership value for each element in the universe. A fuzzy algebraic structure known as Bipolar-valued Fuzzy sub-bigroup of a bigroup has been established by applying the concept of bipolar-valued Fuzzy sets to bigroups. Some of the theorems related to homomorphism and anti-homomorphism, are stated and proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the era of information technology, the exponential growth of data volume has compelled users to entrust their data to database service providers for efficient management. While traditional methods such as user authentication, security auditing, and access control have been implemented to safeguard data security across databases, cloud servers may face security challenges due to excessive internal administrator permissions. The audio technology of the Internet of Things (IoT) offers numerous advantages, including high bandwidth, short data transmission time, long transmission distance, and cost-effectiveness. It has found widespread applications in military, technological, industrial, and everyday life settings. With the advancements in modern information technology and the development and enhancement of wireless radio frequency technology in the IoT sector, IoT-based wireless audio interaction systems utilizing Wi-Fi have gradually become integrated into people's lives. These systems have enriched people's daily experiences and are increasingly popular among consumers. This paper, based on the theory of functional applied linguistics, combs the basic theoretical framework and the practical application prospect of functional Applied Linguistics of systemic language, especially emphasizes the important influence and application enlightenment of systemic functional linguistics on language teaching, and combines the ''Recent Development Zone'' The basic concepts of contemporary language and literature education, such as scaffolding, are summarized and analyzed. The paper establishes a comprehensive theoretical research framework for college spoken English teaching, and through the comprehensive theoretical analysis of communicative teaching methods and practical exploration of some problems that students may appear, it puts forward more effective and targeted specific solutions.

Multifunctional displays, which have various functions in single-device systems without external circuits, are actively investigated as future human-machine interfaces owing to performability of unprecedented functions in compact design. However, their application is limited to visualize the mechanical/electrical signals in light. Herein, stretchable high-resolution multicolor synesthesia display, which can generate synchronized sound and light as input/output sources, is presented by transfer-printing. Transfer-printed emissive composite leads to display with enhanced optical performance and fine sound pressure level. Owing to inherent stretchability of the device, the synesthesia display can stably operate under static and dynamic deformation without distortion in sound relative to the input waveform. User-interactive synesthesia displays are demonstrated for visual -- acoustic encryption, which facilitate advanced encryption, as well as multiplex quick response code that bridges multiple domains with a single device. This approach provides new directions for multifunctional displays, with potential applications in reinforced authentication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chiroptical materials are gaining increasing interest due to their innovative character and their applications in optoelectronics and data encryption technologies. Fully harnessing the potential of building blocks from the "chiral pool", such as native cyclodextrins (CDs), as they often lack chromophores suitable for the construction of materials with significant chiroptical properties. Here, we present the synthesis and characterization of a two‐level molecular stack consisting of a point‐chiral element (CD) and an axially chiral element (biphenyl), capable of effectively translating the overall stereochemical information contained in CDs into stimuli‐responsive chiroptical properties. α‐ and β‐permethylated CDs were efficiently capped with two different 2,2'‐difunctionalized 1,1′‐biphenyl units. In CD derivatives containing the rigid 2,2′‐dihydroxy‐1,1′‐biphenyl cap, two intramolecular hydrogen bonds act synergistically as stereoselective actuators, enabling effective communication between the two levels and the transfer of nonchromophoric stereochemical information from the cyclic‐oligosaccharide to the atropoisomeric cap. The chiroptical properties can be finely tuned by external stimuli such as temperature and solvent. The way chirality is transferred from the CD platform to the biphenyl cap was revealed thanks to crystallographic and computational analyses, together with electronic circular dichroism (ECD) studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optical image/data encryption techniques are mostly based on the manipulation of spatial distributions of light's amplitude, phase, and polarization. Information encoding with phase involves complex interferometric set-up and polarization encoding requires Stoke's parameter measurement. Hence, they create difficulties in optical implementation. Considering the practical limitations, in this study, we demonstrate a method of single-shot intensity recording-based color image encryption by encoding the information in binary polarization states. The proposed method does not require Stoke parameter calculation. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the technique with coherent and partially coherent light sources. Use of partially coherent light overcomes the speckle problem and makes the system cost-effective, useful for practical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent days, cloud computing is a universal computing and conventional paradigm, in which the resources are provided over the Internet based on requirements. With the huge growth of cloud storage and processing, security in Cloud has become the most captivating research domains. Though there are many methods for enhancing security and data confidentiality over cloud, security is the major threat among data owners and users in data storages and data sharing between two parties in Cloud. In data sharing, for assuring security, the data are secured with key and the key is required to be encrypted to keep that not accessible for attacks. With that concern, this work develops a Quantum Cryptography based Cloud Security Model (QC-CSM) that uses Quantum Key Distribution Protocol (QKDP) for sharing the secret key between parties. For ensuring the data owner about the security of their share data over Cloud, Attribute Based Encryption (ABE) is used. Further, the data can be accessed by an authenticated user, who is having the access for decryption through the key from a secure quantum channel. The results show that the proposed model outperforms the existing works by providing a more secure environment and confidential data sharing between entities in minimal time in the Cloud framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a summary of a book titled "Advancing Complexity Research in Earth Sciences and Geography." The book is a compilation of 20 papers contributed by researchers from around the world, covering various topics such as encryption of digital elevation models, facies heterogeneity, simulation of the snow cover process, exploration of ice elevation change, earthquake and seismic activity, landslide susceptibility, reforestation, coordination between supply and demand of ecosystem services, indoor positioning, public transport flow networks, healthcare facilities, recommender systems for e-retail, globalization, international trade, risk analysis, and quantification of political processes. The book aims to invigorate research in earth sciences and geography and facilitate the further development of complexity science. [Extracted from the article]

The integration of cryptographic algorithms like Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) is pivotal in bolstering the core attributes of blockchain technology, especially in achieving decentralization, tamper resistance, and anonymization within the realm of medical applications. Despite their widespread utilization, the conventional AES and ECC face significant hurdles in security and efficiency when dealing with expansive medical data, posing a challenge to the effective preservation of patient privacy. In light of these challenges, this study introduces HAE (hybrid AES and ECC), an innovative hybrid cryptographic algorithm that ingeniously amalgamates the robustness of AES with the agility of ECC. HAE is designed to symmetrically encrypt original data with AES while employing ECC for the asymmetric encryption of the initial AES key. This strategy not only alleviates the complexities associated with AES key management but also enhances the algorithm's security without compromising its efficiency. We provide an in-depth exposition of HAE's deployment within a framework tailored for medical scenarios, offering empirical insights into its enhanced performance metrics. Our experimental outcomes underscore HAE's exemplary security, time efficiency, and optimized resource consumption, affirming its potential as a breakthrough advancement for augmenting blockchain applications in the medical sector, heralding a new era of enhanced data security and privacy within this critical domain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) polymers have important applications for biological imaging, oxygen sensing, data encryption, and photodynamic therapy. Despite the many advantages polymeric materials offer such as great control over gas permeability and processing flexibility, disorder is traditionally considered as an intrinsic negative impact on the efficiency for embedded RTP luminophores, as various allowed thermal motions could quench the emitting states. However, we propose that such disorder‐enabled freedoms of microscopic motions can be beneficial for charge‐transfer‐mediated RTP, which is facilitated by molecular conformational changes among different electronic transition states. Using the "classic" pyrene‐aniline exciplex as an example, we demonstrate the mutual enhancement of red/near‐infrared and green RTP emissions from the pyrene and aniline moieties, respectively, upon doping the aniline polymer with trace pyrene derivatives. In comparison, a pyrene‐doped crystal formed with the same aniline structure exhibits only charge‐transfer fluorescence with no red or green RTP observed, suggesting that order suppresses the RTP channels. The proposed polymerization strategy may be used as a unified method to generate multi‐emissive polymeric RTP materials from a vast pool of known and unknown exciplexes and charge‐transfer complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In conjunction with pandemics, medical image data are growing exponentially. In some countries, hospitals collect biometric data from patients, such as fingerprints, iris, or faces. This data can be used for things like identity verification and security management. However, this medical data can be easily compromised by hackers. In order to prevent illegal tampering with medical images and invasion of privacy, a new texture fusion medical image encryption (TFMIE) algorithm derived from biometric images is proposed, which can encrypt the image using biometric information for storage or transmission. First, the medical image is decomposed into n-bit-planes by bit-plane decomposition. Secondly, a fusion image is generated by a biometric image with a circular local binary pattern and pixel-weighted average method. The fused image is further decomposed into n bit-planes through bit-plane decomposition and performs XOR operation with the original medical image in reverse order. Following the execution of the XOR operation, a new scrambling and diffusion algorithm based on a one-dimensional fractional trigonometric function (1DFTF) chaotic map is employed to form the cipher image. The experimental results show that compared with the existing methods, the average information entropy value of TFMIE is 7.99, and the average values of NPCR and UACI reach 0.9958 and 0.3346, respectively, which have strong key sensitivity, good robustness, and anti-attack ability. The method is lossless and has high transmission efficiency, which can meet the needs of medical big data encryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the first leveled fully homomorphic encryption scheme for quantum circuits with classical keys. The scheme allows a classical client to blindly delegate a quantum computation to a quantum server: an honest server is able to run the computation while a malicious server is unable to learn any information about the computation. We show that it is possible to construct such a scheme directly from a quantum secure classical homomorphic encryption scheme with certain properties. Finally, we show that a classical homomorphic encryption scheme with the required properties can be constructed from the learning with errors problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]