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151. Stellar Streams Discovered in the Dark Energy Survey

Author

C. B. D'Andrea, A. K. Vivas, C. Davis, Jennifer L. Marshall, R. Cawthon, Vasily Belokurov, J. Gschwend, Huan Lin, Daniel Thomas, Alfredo Zenteno, Michael Schubnell, Alistair R. Walker, Rafe Schindler, Eduardo Balbinot, Filipe B. Abdalla, B. Flaugher, D. L. Burke, Alex Drlica-Wagner, David J. James, B. Buncher, Peter Doel, P. S. Ferguson, G. Gutierrez, V. Scarpine, Masao Sako, W. G. Hartley, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Pablo Fosalba, H. T. Diehl, Ofer Lahav, G. Tarle, Ben Hoyle, Flavia Sobreira, Eli S. Rykoff, R. C. Smith, Denis Erkal, Ramon Miquel, Martin Crocce, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, A. A. Plazas, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, E. Bertin, C. J. Miller, Daniela Carollo, M. Smith, Nora Shipp, M. D. Johnson, Daniel Gruen, M. A. G. Maia, Louis E. Strigari, Erin Sheldon, J. De Vicente, David Brooks, J. Carretero, Juan Garcia-Bellido, E. Suchyta, D. W. Gerdes, August E. Evrard, Elisabeth Krause, Felipe Menanteau, Risa H. Wechsler, K. Honscheid, Joshua A. Frieman, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, Enrique Gaztanaga, Andrew B. Pace, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Tenglin Li, Santiago Avila, Carlos E. Cunha, F. J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Keith Bechtol, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar population, Milky Way, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, halo [Galaxy], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Stellar structure, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar density, Galaxy: structure, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Local Group, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Galaxy: halo, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Globular cluster, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], structure [Galaxy], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We perform a search for stellar streams around the Milky Way using the first three years of multi-band optical imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We use DES data covering $\sim 5000$ sq. deg. to a depth of $g > 23.5$ with a relative photometric calibration uncertainty of $< 1 \%$. This data set yields unprecedented sensitivity to the stellar density field in the southern celestial hemisphere, enabling the detection of faint stellar streams to a heliocentric distance of $\sim 50$ kpc. We search for stellar streams using a matched-filter in color-magnitude space derived from a synthetic isochrone of an old, metal-poor stellar population. Our detection technique recovers four previously known thin stellar streams: Phoenix, ATLAS, Tucana III, and a possible extension of Molonglo. In addition, we report the discovery of eleven new stellar streams. In general, the new streams detected by DES are fainter, more distant, and lower surface brightness than streams detected by similar techniques in previous photometric surveys. As a by-product of our stellar stream search, we find evidence for extra-tidal stellar structure associated with four globular clusters: NGC 288, NGC 1261, NGC 1851, and NGC 1904. The ever-growing sample of stellar streams will provide insight into the formation of the Galactic stellar halo, the Milky Way gravitational potential, as well as the large- and small-scale distribution of dark matter around the Milky Way., 32 pages, 6 animations, 19 figures, 4 tables; submitted to ApJ

Published
2018

152. Discovery of two gravitationally lensed quasars in the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Tim Eifler, A. Roodman, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, Anupreeta More, Adriano Agnello, E. Bertin, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Peter Melchior, J. Annis, A. Carnero Rosell, Philip J. Marshall, A. K. Romer, J. J. Thaler, Yanming Zhang, L. N. da Costa, Paul Martini, A. Fausti Neto, Ramon Miquel, Sherry H. Suyu, F. Ostrovski, M. Carrasco Kind, Matthew W. Auger, Flavia Sobreira, Robert C. Nichol, G. Meylan, Christopher D. Fassnacht, Shantanu Desai, A. A. Plazas, Frederic Courbin, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Gregory Tarle, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, A. Benoit-Lévy, M. Banerji, K. Honscheid, Cristian E. Rusu, Juan Estrada, Ofer Lahav, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, Risa H. Wechsler, Christopher J. Miller, Robert Connon Smith, Michael Schubnell, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Peter Doel, Kevin Reil, V. Scarpine, E. Buckley-Geer, Tommaso Treu, H. T. Diehl, F. B. Abdalla, G. Gutierrez, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, J. Carretero, J. P. Dietrich, Richard G. McMahon, Josh Frieman, D. A. Finley, Huan Lin, E. Suchyta, M. Sako, Marcio A. G. Maia, Paul L. Schechter, Daniel Gruen, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Marcos Lima, D. L. Burke, D. W. Gerdes, S. Allam, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Carlos E. Cunha, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, and Schechter, Paul L

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Infrared, astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, statistical [methods], observational [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Einstein radius, Photometry (optics), symbols.namesake, emission lines [quasars], Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, media_common, Physics, methods: statistical, biology, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, RCUK, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, biology.organism_classification, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, quasars: emission lines, Einstein Cross, Galaxias, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), strong [gravitational lensing], astro-ph.CO, symbols, methods: observational, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present spectroscopic confirmation of two new lensed quasars via data obtained at the 6.5m Magellan/Baade Telescope. The lens candidates have been selected from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) and WISE based on their multi-band photometry and extended morphology in DES images. Images of DES J0115-5244 show two blue point sources at either side of a red galaxy. Our long-slit data confirm that both point sources are images of the same quasar at $z_{s}=1.64.$ The Einstein Radius estimated from the DES images is $0.51$". DES J2200+0110 is in the area of overlap between DES and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Two blue components are visible in the DES and SDSS images. The SDSS fiber spectrum shows a quasar component at $z_{s}=2.38$ and absorption compatible with Mg II and Fe II at $z_{l}=0.799$, which we tentatively associate with the foreground lens galaxy. The long-slit Magellan spectra show that the blue components are resolved images of the same quasar. The Einstein Radius is $0.68$" corresponding to an enclosed mass of $1.6\times10^{11}\,M_{\odot}.$ Three other candidates were observed and rejected, two being low-redshift pairs of starburst galaxies, and one being a quasar behind a blue star. These first confirmation results provide an important empirical validation of the data-mining and model-based selection that is being applied to the entire DES dataset., 7 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables, MNRAS subm. This paper includes data gathered with the 6.5m Baade Telescopes located at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. This paper has gone through internal review by the DES collaboration, FERMILAB-PUB-15-341-AE

Published
2015

153. Core or Cusps: The Central Dark Matter Profile of a Strong Lensing Cluster with a Bright Central Image at Redshift 1

Author

G. Gutierrez, Tim Eifler, Ramon Miquel, Daniel A. Goldstein, Thomas E. Collett, V. Scarpine, Shantanu Desai, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Mathew Smith, Xan Morice-Atkinson, Andrs A. Plazas, Chris B. D'Andrea, Alistair R. Walker, Peter Doel, D. L. Burke, David Bacon, B. Flaugher, David Brooks, David J. James, Nikolay Kuropatkin, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Suchyta, Rafe Schindler, Brian Nord, Anupreeta More, Simon Birrer, Luiz N. da Costa, H. Thomas Diehl, Josh Frieman, S. Allam, Aurlien Benoit-Levy, Marcos Lima, J. Gschwend, Flavia Sobreira, Casey Papovich, Jennifer L. Marshal, Peter Melchior, E. Buckley-Geer, James Annis, K. Romer, Matias Carrasco Kind, M. March, Molly E. C. Swanson, Huan Lin, Paul Martini, Michael Schubnell, Adam Amara, Nicolas Tessore, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, Robert C. Nichol, Francisco J. Castander, Marcio A. G. Maia, Gregory Tarle, Eli S. Rykoff, T. M. C. Abbott, Ofer Lahav, E. J. Sanchez, Tenglin Li, Steve Kuhlmann, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
galaxies: clusters: individual, Cold dark matter, Einstein ring, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], clusters: individual (SPT-CLJ2011-5228) [galaxies], Dark matter, galaxies: halos, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physical Chemistry, Atomic, dark matter, symbols.namesake, Particle and Plasma Physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010306 general physics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Mass distribution, clusters: individual [galaxies], Molecular, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, Redshift, halos [galaxies], Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, strong [gravitational lensing], symbols, Dark energy, Biomedical Imaging, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

International audience; We report on SPT-CLJ2011-5228, a giant system of arcs created by a cluster at z = 1.06. The arc system is notable for the presence of a bright central image. The source is a Lyman break galaxy at z ( )s( ) = 2.39 and the mass enclosed within the Einstein ring of radius 14 arcsec is $\sim {10}^{14.2}\ {M}_{\odot }$. We perform a full reconstruction of the light profile of the lensed images to precisely infer the parameters of the mass distribution. The brightness of the central image demands that the central total density profile of the lens be shallow. By fitting the dark matter as a generalized Navarro–Frenk–White profile—with a free parameter for the inner density slope—we find that the break radius is ${270}_{-76}^{+48}$ kpc, and that the inner density falls with radius to the power −0.38 ± 0.04 at 68% confidence. Such a shallow profile is in strong tension with our understanding of relaxed cold dark matter halos, dark matter-only simulations predict that the inner density should fall as ${r}^{-1}$. The tension can be alleviated if this cluster is in fact a merger, a two-halo model can also reconstruct the data, with both clumps (density varying as ${r}^{-0.8}$ and ${r}^{-1.0}$) much more consistent with predictions from dark matter-only simulations. At the resolution of our Dark Energy Survey imaging, we are unable to choose between these two models, but we make predictions for forthcoming Hubble Space Telescope imaging that will decisively distinguish between them.

Published
2017

154. Testing the lognormality of the galaxy and weak lensing convergence distributions from Dark Energy Survey maps

Author

E. Bertin, M. Carrasco Kind, A. Hawken, A. Benoit-Lévy, A. A. Plazas, Marcos Lima, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Gregory Tarle, Michael Schubnell, T. M. C. Abbott, Gary Bernstein, Joshua A. Frieman, Martin Crocce, G. Gutierrez, E. J. Sanchez, B. Flaugher, R. C. Smith, A. Carnero Rosell, R. A. Bernstein, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Enrique Gaztanaga, Robert Armstrong, Peter Melchior, Marc Manera, L. Clerkin, Steve Kent, Kyler Kuehn, Brian Nord, Vinu Vikram, K. Honscheid, Ramon Miquel, C. B. D'Andrea, Donnacha Kirk, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, J. P. Dietrich, Tim Eifler, Alistair R. Walker, D. L. Burke, Chihway Chang, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Daniel Gruen, Carlos E. Cunha, L. N. da Costa, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, P. Fosalba, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, D. W. Gerdes, H. T. Diehl, David Bacon, David J. James, Shantanu Desai, Filipe B. Abdalla, Bhuvnesh Jain, Ofer Lahav, Flavia Sobreira, Benjamin Joachimi, Adam Amara, A. Roodman, A. K. Romer, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UCL, Rhodes Univ, Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Univ Portsmouth, Inst Ciencies IEspai ICE, Univ Penn, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Princeton Univ, CNRS, Sorbonne Univ, Carnegie Observ, Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Lab Interinst Astron LIneA, Observ Nacl, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Univ Southampton, Excellence Cluster Univ, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, CALTECH, Univ Michigan, Univ Chicago, Ohio State Univ, Australian Astron Observ, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Inst Catalana Recerca Estudis Avancats, Dept Phys & Astron, Ctr Invest Energet, and Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp)

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Gaussian, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Probability density function, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, gravitational lensing: weak, Joint probability distribution, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Statistical physics, Density contrast, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, observations [cosmology], Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Log-normal distribution, Dark energy, symbols, astro-ph.CO, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

It is well known that the probability distribution function (PDF) of galaxy density contrast is approximately lognormal; whether the PDF of mass fluctuations derived from weak lensing convergence (kappa_WL) is lognormal is less well established. We derive PDFs of the galaxy and projected matter density distributions via the Counts in Cells (CiC) method. We use maps of galaxies and weak lensing convergence produced from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification data over 139 deg^2. We test whether the underlying density contrast is well described by a lognormal distribution for the galaxies, the convergence and their joint PDF. We confirm that the galaxy density contrast distribution is well modeled by a lognormal PDF convolved with Poisson noise at angular scales from 10-40 arcmin (corresponding to physical scales of 3-10 Mpc). We note that as kappa_WL is a weighted sum of the mass fluctuations along the line of sight, its PDF is expected to be only approximately lognormal. We find that the kappa_WL distribution is well modeled by a lognormal PDF convolved with Gaussian shape noise at scales between 10 and 20 arcmin, with a best-fit chi^2/DOF of 1.11 compared to 1.84 for a Gaussian model, corresponding to p-values 0.35 and 0.07 respectively, at a scale of 10 arcmin. Above 20 arcmin a simple Gaussian model is sufficient. The joint PDF is also reasonably fitted by a bivariate lognormal. As a consistency check we compare the variances derived from the lognormal modelling with those directly measured via CiC. Our methods are validated against maps from the MICE Grand Challenge N-body simulation., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2017

155. Inference from the small scales of cosmic shear with current and future Dark Energy Survey data

Author

G. Gutierrez, Shantanu Desai, Marcelle Soares-Santos, T. Kacprzak, Robert Armstrong, Marcos Lima, Adam Amara, J. Annis, David J. James, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Tim Eifler, A. Benoit-Lévy, Kyler Kuehn, Felipe Menanteau, Pablo Fosalba, D. L. Burke, Elisabeth Krause, Risa H. Wechsler, Jennifer L. Marshall, L. N. da Costa, Gregory Tarle, J. Aleksić, Claudio Bruderer, S. Allam, Eli S. Rykoff, Daniel Gruen, Robert A. Gruendl, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, V. Vikram, Ramon Miquel, A. K. Romer, Alexandre Refregier, Martin Crocce, V. Scarpine, Daniel Thomas, M. E. C. Swanson, D. W. Gerdes, A. Carnero Rosell, E. M. Huff, M. Jarvis, Dragan Huterer, Peter Doel, Francisco J. Castander, M. Carrasco Kind, K. Honscheid, H. T. Diehl, Peter Melchior, Niall MacCrann, A. A. Plazas, J. Carretero, Daniel A. Goldstein, J. P. Dietrich, B. Flaugher, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Sarah Bridle, Scott Dodelson, Chihway Chang, Carlos E. Cunha, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Joe Zuntz, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, gravitational lensing: weak, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, weak, Large-scale structure of Universe [Gravitational lensing], Galaxy cluster, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, QB, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, Halo, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 465 (3), ISSN:0035-8711, ISSN:1365-2966, ISSN:1365-8711

Published
2017

156. A study of quasar selection in the supervova fields of the Dark Energy Survey

Author

E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, B. Nord, Suk Sien Tie, Alistair R. Walker, J. Carretero, Samuel Hinton, A. Carnero Rosell, G. Gutierrez, Tamara M. Davis, Edward Macaulay, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Ramon Miquel, V. Scarpine, R. L. C. Ogando, D. Mudd, Michael Schubnell, P. Fosalba, Joshua A. Frieman, Carlos E. Cunha, Felipe Menanteau, Flavia Sobreira, Christopher S. Kochanek, Gregory Tarle, Shantanu Desai, David J. Brooks, R. G. Sharp, F. Ostrovski, A. Benoit-Lévy, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Carrasco Kind, Geraint F. Lewis, Basilio X. Santiago, C. R. O'Neill, Robert C. Nichol, A. A. Plazas, N. Kuropatkin, C. Lidman, B. E. Tucker, Marcos Lima, Daniela Carollo, Robert Connon Smith, F. B. Abdalla, S. L. Reed, T. F. Eifler, L. N. da Costa, Juan Garcia-Bellido, K. Honscheid, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, A. K. Romer, T. M. C. Abbott, W. C. Wester, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, B. Flaugher, E. Bertin, J. Annis, David J. James, S. A. Uddin, Enrique Gaztanaga, E. J. Sanchez, Andrew J. King, P. Doel, Darren L. DePoy, D. A. Finley, M. E. C. Swanson, Karl Glazebrook, M. J. Childress, Robert A. Gruendl, Jennifer L. Marshall, David Goldstein, Daniel Gruen, P. Martini, M. A. G. Maia, D. W. Gerdes, C. J. Miller, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Limit (mathematics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Selection (genetic algorithm), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, general [quasars], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, HEFCE, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Light curve, Redshift, Supernova, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Magnitude (astronomy), Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We present a study of quasar selection using the supernova fields of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We used a quasar catalog from an overlapping portion of the SDSS Stripe 82 region to quantify the completeness and efficiency of selection methods involving color, probabilistic modeling, variability, and combinations of color/probabilistic modeling with variability. In all cases, we considered only objects that appear as point sources in the DES images. We examine color selection methods based on the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mid-IR color, a mixture of WISE and DES colors (g - i and ), and a mixture of Vista Hemisphere Survey and DES colors (g - i and i - K). For probabilistic quasar selection, we used XDQSO, an algorithm that employs an empirical multi-wavelength flux model of quasars to assign quasar probabilities. Our variability selection uses the multi-band χ 2-probability that sources are constant in the DES Year 1 griz-band light curves. The completeness and efficiency are calculated relative to an underlying sample of point sources that are detected in the required selection bands and pass our data quality and photometric error cuts. We conduct our analyses at two magnitude limits, i < 19.8 mag and i < 22 mag. For the subset of sources with W1 and W2 detections, the color or XDQSOz method combined with variability gives the highest completenesses of >85% for both i-band magnitude limits and efficiencies of >80% to the bright limit and >60% to the faint limit; however, the giW1 and giW1+variability methods give the highest quasar surface densities. The XDQSOz method and combinations of W1W2/giW1/XDQSOz with variability are among the better selection methods when both high completeness and high efficiency are desired. We also present the OzDES Quasar Catalog of 1263 spectroscopically confirmed quasars from three years of OzDES observation in the 30 deg2 of the DES supernova fields. The catalog includes quasars with redshifts up to z ∼ 4 and brighter than i = 22 mag, although the catalog is not complete up to this magnitude limit.

Published
2017

157. The DES Bright Arcs Survey: Hundreds of Candidate Strongly Lensed Galaxy Systems from the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification and Year 1 Observations

Author

Joshua A. Frieman, M. E. C. Swanson, L. N. da Costa, C. B. D'Andrea, S. E. Kuhlmann, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Michael Schubnell, A. Benoit-Lévy, Kevin Reil, M. Smith, Ramon Miquel, Anupreeta More, Jennifer L. Marshall, Shantanu Desai, David J. Brooks, Alistair R. Walker, Daniel Gruen, Peter Nugent, Marcelle Soares-Santos, M. Sako, Thomas E. Collett, B. Flaugher, B. Welch, D. L. Tucker, Rafe Schindler, J. P. Dietrich, F. B. Abdalla, Erin Sheldon, S. Gaitsch, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Brian Nord, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Flavia Sobreira, Hallie Gaitsch, D. W. Gerdes, E. J. Sanchez, David J. James, D. A. Finley, J. Nightingale, Daniel Thomas, Kyler Kuehn, H. T. Diehl, E. Buckley-Geer, Tenglin Li, Yanxi Zhang, Carlos E. Cunha, J. Carretero, Alex Drlica-Wagner, A. K. Romer, M. S. S. Gill, Daniel A. Goldstein, A. Pellico, A. Fausti Neto, J. Gschwend, Marcos Lima, C. Furlanetto, Basilio X. Santiago, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Carrasco Kind, E. Bertin, Robert C. Nichol, A. A. Plazas, K. A. Lindgren, D. L. Burke, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Annis, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Huan Lin, G. Gutierrez, Felipe Menanteau, C. Odden, Gregory Tarle, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Ofer Lahav, Marcio A. G. Maia, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES

Subjects
Strong gravitational lensing, AST-1138766, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Atomic, Physical Chemistry, law.invention, Particle and Plasma Physics, law, galaxies: high-redshift, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, STFC, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, Molecular, RCUK, gravitational lensing: strong, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, Lens (optics), Gravitational lens, Space and Planetary Science, Limiting magnitude, strong [gravitational lensing], Magnitude (astronomy), Dark energy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astronomical and Space Sciences, high-redshift [galaxies], Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

We report the results of searches for strong gravitational lens systems in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification and Year 1 observations. The Science Verification data span approximately 250 sq. deg. with a median i-band limiting magnitude for extended objects (10 sigma) of 23.0. The Year 1 data span approximately 2000 sq. deg. and have an i-band limiting magnitude for extended objects (10 sigma) of 22.9. As these data sets are both wide and deep, they are particularly useful for identifying strong gravitational lens candidates. Potential strong gravitational lens candidate systems were initially identified based on a color and magnitude selection in the DES object catalogs or because the system is at the location of a previously identified galaxy cluster. Cutout images of potential candidates were then visually scanned using an object viewer and numerically ranked according to whether or not we judged them to be likely strong gravitational lens systems. Having scanned nearly 400,000 cutouts, we present 374 candidate strong lens systems, of which 348 are identified for the first time. We provide the R.A. and decl., the magnitudes and photometric properties of the lens and source objects, and the distance (radius) of the source(s) from the lens center for each system.

Published
2017

158. The Dark Energy Survey view of the Sagittarius stream : discovery of two faint stellar system candidates

Author

Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, M. A. G. Maia, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Ramon Miquel, Keith Bechtol, Gregory Tarle, D. L. Burke, Daniel Thomas, Emmanuel Bertin, L. Whiteway, E. J. Sanchez, E. Luque, V. Scarpine, A. Benoit-Lévy, G. Gutierrez, A. Carnero Rosell, James Annis, A. K. Vivas, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Gary Bernstein, Eduardo Balbinot, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Eric Morganson, A. K. Romer, Tenglin Li, Anna B. A. Queiroz, Scott Dodelson, M. S. Schubnell, D. A. Finley, Alex G. Kim, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, J. Carretero, Paul Martini, David J. James, A. Fausti Neto, Daniel A. Goldstein, T. D. Abbott, Pablo Fosalba, Jennifer L. Marshall, Carlos Cunha, Flavia Sobreira, F. B. Abdalla, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, Kyler Kuehn, L. N. da Costa, M. Carrasco Kind, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Basilio X. Santiago, Robert Connon Smith, Brian Nord, A. A. Plazas, E. Suchyta, Adriano Pieres, Ofer Lahav, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, Nikolay Kuropatkin, A. E. Evrard, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Orbital plane, astro-ph.SR, dwarf [galaxies], [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Metallicity, astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Sagittarius Stream, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Metalicidade, 01 natural sciences, globular clusters: general, Luminosity, Affordable and Clean Energy, 0103 physical sciences, Aglomerados globulares, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), STFC, general [globular clusters], QB, Dwarf galaxy, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Radius, galaxies: dwarf, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galáxias ativas, Galaxies dwarf, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, Globular clusters general, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Sagittarius, Astronomical and Space Sciences
Abstract

We report the discovery of two new candidate stellar systems in the constellation of Cetus using the data from the first two years of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The objects, DES J0111-1341 and DES J0225+0304, are located at a heliocentric distance of ~ 25 kpc and appear to have old and metal-poor populations. Their distances to the Sagittarius orbital plane, ~ 1.73 kpc (DES J0111-1341) and ~ 0.50 kpc (DES J0225+0304), indicate that they are possibly associated with the Sagittarius dwarf stream. The half-light radius (r_h ~ 4.55 pc) and luminosity (M_V ~ +0.3) of DES J0111-1341 are consistent with it being an ultrafaint stellar cluster, while the half-light radius (r_h ~ 18.55 pc) and luminosity (M_V ~ -1.1) of DES J0225+0304 place it in an ambiguous region of size-luminosity space between stellar clusters and dwarf galaxies. Determinations of the characteristic parameters of the Sagittarius stream, metallicity spread (-2.18 < [Fe/H] < -0.95) and distance gradient (23 kpc < D_sun < 29 kpc), within the DES footprint in the Southern hemisphere, using the same DES data, also indicate a possible association between these systems. If these objects are confirmed through spectroscopic follow-up to be gravitationally bound systems and to share a Galactic trajectory with the Sagittarius stream, DES J0111-1341 and DES J0225+0304 would be the first ultrafaint stellar systems associated with the Sagittarius stream. Furthermore, DES J0225+0304 would also be the first confirmed case of an ultrafaint satellite of a satellite., 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table

Published
2017

159. An $r$-process enhanced star in the dwarf galaxy Tucana III

Author

Kyler Kuehn, L. N. da Costa, A. A. Plazas, Darren L. DePoy, A. Benoit-Lévy, Robert A. Gruendl, Ofer Lahav, G. Gutierrez, Shantanu Desai, E. Suchyta, B. Flaugher, R. A. Bernstein, Robert Connon Smith, V. Scarpine, J. Gschwend, Sahar S. Allam, E. Buckley-Geer, J. Carretero, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, J. D. Simon, D. Q. Nagasawa, A. Carnero Rosell, David James, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, E. J. Sanchez, James Annis, Daniel Gruen, Tenglin Li, G. Tarle, M. Carrasco Kind, Elisabeth Krause, D. W. Gerdes, Joshua A. Frieman, Tim Eifler, Daniela Carollo, Ramon Miquel, Carlos Cunha, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Flavia Sobreira, Basilio X. Santiago, Terese T. Hansen, Enrique Gaztanaga, Keith Bechtol, N. P. Kuropatkin, A. K. Romer, A. Fausti Neto, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Jennifer L. Marshall, F. B. Abdalla, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Milky Way, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Star (graph theory), 01 natural sciences, Abundance (ecology), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Dwarf galaxy, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Stars, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), r-process, Halo, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

Chemically peculiar stars in dwarf galaxies provide a window for exploring the birth environment of stars with varying chemical enrichment. We present a chemical abundance analysis of the brightest star in the newly discovered ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidate Tucana III. Because it is particularly bright for a star in an ultra-faint Milky Way satellite, we are able to measure the abundance of 28 elements, including 13 neutron-capture species. This star, DES J235532.66$-$593114.9 (DES J235532), shows a mild enhancement in neutron-capture elements associated with the $r$-process and can be classified as an $r$-I star. DES J235532 is the first $r$-I star to be discovered in an ultra-faint satellite, and Tuc III is the second extremely low-luminosity system found to contain $r$-process enriched material, after Reticulum II. Comparison of the abundance pattern of DES J235532 with $r$-I and $r$-II stars found in other dwarf galaxies and in the Milky Way halo suggests a common astrophysical origin for the neutron-capture elements seen in all $r$-process enhanced stars. We explore both internal and external scenarios for the $r$-process enrichment of Tuc III and show that with abundance patterns for additional stars it should be possible to distinguish between them., 12 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2017

160. VDES J2325−5229 a z = 2.7 gravitationally lensed quasar discovered using morphology-independent supervised machine learning

Author

K. Romer, Paul Martini, K. Honscheid, V. Scarpine, Jennifer L. Marshall, C. Lidman, C. Lemon, Daniel Gruen, Alistair R. Walker, Aurelio Carnero Rosell, Shantanu Desai, Marcelle Soares-Santos, David Brooks, Huan Lin, H. Thomas Diehl, Josh Frieman, D. W. Gerdes, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, David J. James, Carlos E. Cunha, Sergey E. Koposov, Kevin Reil, A. Benoit-Lévy, D. A. Finley, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Flavia Sobreira, Pablo Fosalba, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, S. L. Reed, Gregory Tarle, Peter Melchior, Marcio A. G. Maia, J. Carretero, B. Flaugher, Daniel A. Goldstein, J. P. Dietrich, Richard G. McMahon, Andrew J. Connolly, Johnathan Hung, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Andres Plazas Malagon, E. J. Sanchez, G. Gutierrez, Matias Carrasco Kind, Basilio X. Santiago, Marcos Lima, Nikolay Kuropatkin, F. Ostrovski, Matthew W. Auger, Ramon Miquel, Luiz N. da Costa, Emmanuel Bertin, Manda Banerji, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Univ Cambridge, Minist Educ Brazil, Univ Washington, Ctr Math Sci, Univ Wollongong, Australian Astron Observ, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, CNRS, Univ London Univ Coll, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Lab Interinst Astron LIneA, Observ Nacl, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Inst Ciencies Espai, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Stanford Univ, Excellence Cluster Univ, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Univ Michigan, Univ Chicago, Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Ohio State Univ, Natl Optic Astron Observ, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Texas A&M Univ, Princeton Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, CALTECH, Univ Sussex, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Technol CIE, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Univ Portsmouth, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), McMahon, Richard [0000-0001-8447-8869], Lemon, Cameron [0000-0003-2456-9317], Banerji, Manda [0000-0002-0639-5141], Koposov, Sergey [0000-0003-2644-135X], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository

Subjects
[ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Strong gravitational lensing, observational [methods], Astrophysics, computer.software_genre, Gravitational lensing strong, 01 natural sciences, Einstein radius, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Deslocamento para o vermelho, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, gravitational lensing: strong, Fotometria astronômica, strong [gravitational lensing], Elliptical galaxy, Methods observational, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, methods: observational, Cosmology and Gravitation, Lentes gravitacionais, astro-ph.GA, statistical [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Machine learning, Photometry (optics), quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, Quasars, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, methods: statistical, general [quasars], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Quasars general, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, Artificial intelligence, Methods statistical, business, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], computer
Abstract

We present the discovery and preliminary characterization of a gravitationally lensed quasar with a source redshift $\textit{zs}$ = 2.74 and image separation of 2.9 arcsec lensed by a foreground $\textit{zl}$ = 0.40 elliptical galaxy. Since optical observations of gravitationally lensed quasars show the lens system as a superposition of multiple point sources and a foreground lensing galaxy, we have developed a morphology-independent multi-wavelength approach to the photometric selection of lensed quasar candidates based on Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM) supervised machine learning. Using this technique and $\textit{gi}$ multicolour photometric observations from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), near-IR $\textit{JK}$ photometry from the VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) and WISE mid-IR photometry, we have identified a candidate system with two catalogue components with $\textit{iAB}$ = 18.61 and $\textit{iAB}$ = 20.44 comprising an elliptical galaxy and two blue point sources. Spectroscopic follow-up with NTT and the use of an archival AAT spectrum show that the point sources can be identified as a lensed quasar with an emission line redshift of $\textit{z}$ = 2.739 ± 0.003 and a foreground early-type galaxy with $\textit{z}$ = 0.400 ± 0.002. We model the system as a single isothermal ellipsoid and find the Einstein radius θE ∼ 1.47 arcsec, enclosed mass $\textit{M}$enc ∼ 4 × 10$^{11}$$\textit{M}$⊙ and a time delay of ∼52 d. The relatively wide separation, month scale time delay duration and high redshift make this an ideal system for constraining the expansion rate beyond a redshift of 1., FO is supported jointly by CAPES (the Science without Borders programme) and the Cambridge Commonwealth Trust. RGM, CAL, MWA, MB, SLR acknowledge the support of UK Science and Technology Research Council (STFC). AJC acknowledges the support of a Raymond and Beverly Sackler visiting fellowship at the Institute of Astronomy. For further information regarding funding please visit the publisher's website.

Published
2017

161. Deep SOAR follow-up photometry of two Milky Way outer-halo companions discovered with Dark Energy Survey

Author

V. Scarpine, G. Tarle, Tim Eifler, J. Carretero, Peter Doel, Flavia Sobreira, Alistair R. Walker, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Daniel Gruen, Filipe B. Abdalla, M. dal Ponte, Marcelle Soares-Santos, A. Benoit-Lévy, A. Fausti Neto, Andrew B. Pace, M. A. G. Maia, D. W. Gerdes, E. J. Sanchez, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Jennifer L. Marshall, David J. Brooks, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, A. Carnero Rosell, Martin Crocce, Daniel Thomas, C. Davis, Adriano Pieres, Richard G. Kron, Keith Bechtol, K. Honscheid, Basilio X. Santiago, Ramon Miquel, E. Suchyta, Eduardo Balbinot, B. Flaugher, E. Luque, Nikolay Kuropatkin, E. Bertin, J. Annis, A. A. Plazas, Anna B. A. Queiroz, G. Gutierrez, David J. James, R. H. Schindler, Juan Garcia-Bellido, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Mathew Smith, L. N. da Costa, Kyler Kuehn, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and DES

Subjects
Stellar mass, Metallicity, Milky Way, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, globular clusters: general, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar density, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Galaxy: halo, Star cluster, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract

We report the discovery of a new star cluster, DES 3, in the constellation of Indus, and deeper observations of the previously identified satellite DES J0222.7$-$5217 (Eridanus III). DES 3 was detected as a stellar overdensity in first-year Dark Energy Survey data, and confirmed with deeper photometry from the 4.1 metre Southern Astrophysical Research (SOAR) telescope. The new system was detected with a relatively high significance and appears in the DES images as a compact concentration of faint blue point sources. We determine that DES 3 is located at a heliocentric distance of $\sim 76\,\mathrm{kpc}$ and it is dominated by an old ($\simeq 9.8\,\mathrm{Gyr}$) and metal-poor ($\mathrm{[Fe/H]}\simeq -1.88$) population. While the age and metallicity values of DES 3 are similar to globular clusters, its half-light radius ($r_\mathrm{h}\sim 6.5\,\mathrm{pc}$) and luminosity ($M_V \sim -1.9$) are more indicative of faint star clusters. Based on the apparent angular size, DES 3, with a value of $r_\mathrm{h}\sim 0.\!^{\prime}3$, is among the smallest faint star clusters known to date. Furthermore, using deeper imaging of DES J0222.7$-$5217 taken with the SOAR telescope, we update structural parameters and perform the first isochrone modeling. Our analysis yields the first age ($\simeq 12.6\,\mathrm{Gyr}$) and metallicity ($\mathrm{[Fe/H]}\simeq -2.01$) estimates for this object. The half-light radius ($r_\mathrm{h}\sim 10.5\,\mathrm{pc}$) and luminosity ($M_V\sim -2.7$) of DES J0222.7$-$5217 suggest that it is likely a faint star cluster. The discovery of DES 3 indicates that the census of stellar systems in the Milky Way is still far from complete, and demonstrates the power of modern wide-field imaging surveys to improve our knowledge of the Galaxy's satellite population., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables

Published
2017
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162. Evaluating the Dynamical Stability of Outer Solar System Objects in the Presence of Planet Nine

Author

Tali Khain, Juliette C. Becker, D. W. Gerdes, Fred C. Adams, and S. Hamilton

Subjects
Physics, Orbital elements, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Solar System, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Apsidal precession, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Orbit, Space and Planetary Science, Neptune, Planet, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Eccentricity (behavior), education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract

We evaluate the dynamical stability of a selection of outer solar system objects in the presence of the proposed new Solar System member Planet Nine. We use a Monte Carlo suite of numerical N-body integrations to construct a variety of orbital elements of the new planet and evaluate the dynamical stability of eight Trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) in the presence of Planet Nine. These simulations show that some combinations of orbital elements ($a,e$) result in Planet Nine acting as a stabilizing influence on the TNOs, which can otherwise be destabilized by interactions with Neptune. These simulations also suggest that some TNOs transition between several different mean-motion resonances during their lifetimes while still retaining approximate apsidal anti-alignment with Planet Nine. This behavior suggests that remaining in one particular orbit is not a requirement for orbital stability. As one product of our simulations, we present an {\it a posteriori} probability distribution for the semi-major axis and eccentricity of the proposed Planet Nine based on TNO stability. This result thus provides additional evidence that supports the existence of this proposed planet. We also predict that TNOs can be grouped into multiple populations of objects that interact with Planet Nine in different ways: one population may contain objects like Sedna and 2012 VP$_{113}$, which do not migrate significantly in semi-major axis in the presence of Planet Nine and tend to stay in the same resonance; another population may contain objects like 2007 TG$_{422}$ and 2013 RF$_{98}$, which may both migrate and transition between different resonances., Comment: accepted to AJ

Published
2017
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163. Weak-lensing mass calibration of redMaPPer galaxy clusters in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Author

G. Gutierrez, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Jarvis, Niall MacCrann, Ofer Lahav, Joseph J. Mohr, A. Saro, E. Bertin, F. B. Abdalla, Enrique Gaztanaga, Peter Melchior, Daniel Gruen, David Brooks, Eli S. Rykoff, A. K. Romer, M. E. C. Swanson, E. Suchyta, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. Gschwend, Juan Garcia-Bellido, C. Bonnett, A. A. Plazas, Gary Bernstein, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, D. W. Gerdes, Eduardo Rozo, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, V. Scarpine, Shantanu Desai, Tesla E. Jeltema, M. A. G. Maia, W. G. Hartley, D. L. Hollowood, J. Carretero, C. J. Miller, Donnacha Kirk, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, Elisabeth Krause, A. Carnero Rosell, Alistair R. Walker, Bradford Benson, Marcelle Soares-Santos, B. Flaugher, P. Martini, E. Sheldon, J. P. Dietrich, M. March, David J. James, Ramon Miquel, A. Bermeo, Pablo Fosalba, K. Honscheid, Joseph Clampitt, Marcos Lima, A. Benoit-Lévy, Yanxi Zhang, Robert A. Gruendl, Adam Amara, Tim Eifler, J. Annis, Felipe Menanteau, Gregory Tarle, Sarah Bridle, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, T. McClintock, Carlos E. Cunha, N. Kuropatkin, T. N. Varga, L. N. da Costa, Jochen Weller, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Joe Zuntz, Kyler Kuehn, Michael Troxel, R. C. Smith, C. B. D'Andrea, T. Kacprzak, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Melchior, P., Gruen, D., Mcclintock, T., Varga, T. N., Sheldon, E., Rozo, E., Amara, A., Becker, M. R., Benson, B. A., Bermeo, A., Bridle, S. L., Clampitt, J., Dietrich, J. P., Hartley, W. G., Hollowood, D., Jain, B., Jarvis, M., Jeltema, T., Kacprzak, T., Maccrann, N., Rykoff, E., S., Saro, A., Suchyta, E., Troxel, M. A., Zuntz, J., Bonnett, C., Plazas, A. A., Abbott, T. M. C., Abdalla, F. B., Annis, J., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Carretero, J., Cunha, C. E., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Desai, S., Eifler, T. F., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kirk, D., Krause, E., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Martini, P., Menanteau, F., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Mohr, J. J., Nichol, R. C., Ogando, R., Romer, A. K., Sanchez, E., Scarpine, V., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, R. C., Soares-Santos, M., Sobreira, F., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Walker, A. R., Weller, J., and Zhang, Y.

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, clusters: general [Galaxies], 01 natural sciences, gravitational lensing: weak, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, Astronomy observatory, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Observations, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, European research, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Engineering physics, Cosmology, Red shift, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: clusters: general, cosmology: observations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Fundamental physics, astro-ph.CO, Christian ministry, High Energy Physics::Experiment, weak [Gravitational lensing], National laboratory, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], observation [cosmology]
Abstract

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 469 (4), ISSN:0035-8711, ISSN:1365-2966, ISSN:1365-8711

Published
2017

164. The Electromagnetic Counterpart of the Binary Neutron Star Merger LIGO/Virgo GW170817. II. UV, Optical, and Near-infrared Light Curves and Comparison to Kilonova Models

Author

P. S. Cowperthwaite, E. Berger, V. A. Villar, B. D. Metzger, M. Nicholl, R. Chornock, P. K. Blanchard, W. Fong, R. Margutti, M. Soares-Santos, K. D. Alexander, S. Allam, J. Annis, D. Brout, D. A. Brown, R. E. Butler, H.-Y. Chen, H. T. Diehl, Z. Doctor, M. R. Drout, T. Eftekhari, B. Farr, D. A. Finley, R. J. Foley, J. A. Frieman, C. L. Fryer, J. García-Bellido, M. S. S. Gill, J. Guillochon, K. Herner, D. E. Holz, D. Kasen, R. Kessler, J. Marriner, T. Matheson, E. H. Neilsen, E. Quataert, A. Palmese, A. Rest, M. Sako, D. M. Scolnic, N. Smith, D. L. Tucker, P. K. G. Williams, E. Balbinot, J. L. Carlin, E. R. Cook, F. Durret, T. S. Li, P. A. A. Lopes, A. C. C. Lourenço, J. L. Marshall, G. E. Medina, J. Muir, R. R. Muñoz, M. Sauseda, D. J. Schlegel, L. F. Secco, A. K. Vivas, W. Wester, A. Zenteno, Y. Zhang, T. M. C. Abbott, M. Banerji, K. Bechtol, A. Benoit-Lévy, E. Bertin, E. Buckley-Geer, D. L. Burke, D. Capozzi, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, F. J. Castander, M. Crocce, C. E. Cunha, C. B. D’Andrea, L. N. da Costa, C. Davis, D. L. DePoy, S. Desai, J. P. Dietrich, A. Drlica-Wagner, T. F. Eifler, A. E. Evrard, E. Fernandez, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, T. Giannantonio, D. A. Goldstein, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, K. Honscheid, B. Jain, D. J. James, T. Jeltema, M. W. G. Johnson, M. D. Johnson, S. Kent, E. Krause, R. Kron, K. Kuehn, N. Nuropatkin, O. Lahav, M. Lima, H. Lin, M. A. G. Maia, M. March, P. Martini, R. G. McMahon, F. Menanteau, C. J. Miller, R. Miquel, J. J. Mohr, E. Neilsen, R. C. Nichol, R. L. C. Ogando, A. A. Plazas, N. Roe, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, R. Schindler, M. Schubnell, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Smith, R. C. Smith, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, D. Thomas, R. C. Thomas, M. A. Troxel, V. Vikram, A. R. Walker, R. H. Wechsler, J. Weller, B. Yanny, J. Zuntz, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
AST-1714498, neutron star: binary, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], AST-1411763, Astrophysics, Kilonova, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, star, ultraviolet, site, optical, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, LIGO, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), astro-ph.HE, Physics, binaries: close, HEFCE, gravitational waves, radioactivity, black body, infrared, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, close [bibaries], Milky Way, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, satellite, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Photometry (optics), stars: neutron, neutron [stars], bolometer, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, capture, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, velocity: expansion, gravitational radiation, RCUK, opacity, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, color, Neutron star, VIRGO, electromagnetic, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, spectral, galaxy, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], catalogs
Abstract

We present UV, optical, and NIR photometry of the first electromagnetic counterpart to a gravitational wave source from Advanced LIGO/Virgo, the binary neutron star merger GW170817. Our data set extends from the discovery of the optical counterpart at $0.47$ days to $18.5$ days post-merger, and includes observations with the Dark Energy Camera (DECam), Gemini-South/FLAMINGOS-2 (GS/F2), and the {\it Hubble Space Telescope} ({\it HST}). The spectral energy distribution (SED) inferred from this photometry at $0.6$ days is well described by a blackbody model with $T\approx 8300$ K, a radius of $R\approx 4.5\times 10^{14}$ cm (corresponding to an expansion velocity of $v\approx 0.3c$), and a bolometric luminosity of $L_{\rm bol}\approx 5\times10^{41}$ erg s$^{-1}$. At $1.5$ days we find a multi-component SED across the optical and NIR, and subsequently we observe rapid fading in the UV and blue optical bands and significant reddening of the optical/NIR colors. Modeling the entire data set we find that models with heating from radioactive decay of $^{56}$Ni, or those with only a single component of opacity from $r$-process elements, fail to capture the rapid optical decline and red optical/NIR colors. Instead, models with two components consistent with lanthanide-poor and lanthanide-rich ejecta provide a good fit to the data, the resulting "blue" component has $M_\mathrm{ej}^\mathrm{blue}\approx 0.01$ M$_\odot$ and $v_\mathrm{ej}^\mathrm{blue}\approx 0.3$c, and the "red" component has $M_\mathrm{ej}^\mathrm{red}\approx 0.04$ M$_\odot$ and $v_\mathrm{ej}^\mathrm{red}\approx 0.1$c. These ejecta masses are broadly consistent with the estimated $r$-process production rate required to explain the Milky Way $r$-process abundances, providing the first evidence that BNS mergers can be a dominant site of $r$-process enrichment., 13 Pages, 3 Figures, 2 Tables. ApJL, In Press. Keywords: GW170817, LVC

Published
2017

165. Discovery and Physical Characterization of a Large Scattered Disk Object at 92 au

Author

Luiz N. da Costa, Robert C. Nichol, Fred C. Adams, Ramon Miquel, A. Benoit-Lévy, Carlos E. Cunha, E. Suchyta, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, William Wester, Douglas L. Tucker, J. H. Mueller, Elisabeth Krause, Kyler Kuehn, B. Flaugher, Juliette C. Becker, J. Gschwend, Nikolay Kuropatkin, A. Kathy Romer, Gary Bernstein, M. E. C. Swanson, Emmanuel Bertin, P. Martini, G. Gutierrez, Alistair R. Walker, Lynus Zullo, J. Carretero, Shantanu Desai, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Tali Khain, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Daniel A. Goldstein, Masao Sako, Keith Bechtol, A. C. Rosell, Flavia Sobreira, H. Thomas Diehl, Enrique Gaztanaga, David J. Brooks, James Annis, Andres Plazas Malagon, Matias Carrasco Kind, M. March, Ke Zhang, D. L. Burke, D. James, Joshua A. Frieman, M. A. G. Maia, Daniel Gruen, S. Allam, D. W. Gerdes, Mathew Smith, Edwin A. Bergin, Yanxi Zhang, Tim Eifler, Ofer Lahav, Stephen M. Kent, Jennifer L. Marshall, K. Honscheid, Filipe B. Abdalla, R. J. E. Smith, Colin Scheibner, Felipe Menanteau, Tianjun Li, Gregory Tarle, S. Hamilton, A. Roodman, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dwarf planet, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Characterization (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, techniques: photometric, Neptune, 0103 physical sciences, infrared: planetary systems, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Physics, Orbital elements, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Surface (topology), Orbit, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Magnitude (astronomy), Dark energy, Kuiper belt: general, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, methods: observational, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the observation and physical characterization of the possible dwarf planet \UZ\ ("DeeDee"), a dynamically detached trans-Neptunian object discovered at 92 AU. This object is currently the second-most distant known trans-Neptunian object with reported orbital elements, surpassed in distance only by the dwarf planet Eris. The object was discovered with an $r$-band magnitude of 23.0 in data collected by the Dark Energy Survey between 2014 and 2016. Its 1140-year orbit has $(a,e,i) = (109~\mathrm{AU}, 0.65, 26.8^{\circ})$. It will reach its perihelion distance of 38 AU in the year 2142. Integrations of its orbit show it to be dynamically stable on Gyr timescales, with only weak interactions with Neptune. We have performed followup observations with ALMA, using 3 hours of on-source integration time to measure the object's thermal emission in the Rayleigh-Jeans tail. The signal is detected at 7$\sigma$ significance, from which we determine a $V$-band albedo of $13.1^{+3.3}_{-2.4}\mathrm{(stat)}^{+2.0}_{-1.4}\mathrm{(sys)}$ percent and a diameter of $635^{+57}_{-61}\mathrm{(stat)}^{+32}_{-39}\mathrm{(sys)}$~km, assuming a spherical body with uniform surface properties., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ Letters

Published
2017

166. A Search for Kilonovae in the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Alex Drlica-Wagner, C. B. D'Andrea, M. S. Schubnell, Zoheyr Doctor, J. Carretero, G. Tarle, H. T. Diehl, Daniel A. Goldstein, William Wester, Benjamin Farr, J. Gschwend, Kyler Kuehn, Felipe Menanteau, Joshua A. Frieman, James Annis, Jennifer L. Marshall, Flavia Sobreira, Daniel E. Holz, Marcos Lima, Elisabeth Krause, A. K. Romer, Marcio A. G. Maia, Tim Eifler, Sahar S. Allam, F. B. Abdalla, G. Gutierrez, Masao Sako, David Brooks, D. W. Gerdes, A. Benoit-Lévy, M. E. C. Swanson, Keith Bechtol, Tenglin Li, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, David James, N. P. Kuropatkin, Alistair R. Walker, M. March, Shantanu Desai, Marcelle Soares-Santos, V. Scarpine, Ramon Miquel, Eric H. Neilsen, D. L. Burke, Mathew Smith, D. A. Finley, H. S. Chen, R. J. Foley, Robert A. Gruendl, Carlos Cunha, E. J. Sanchez, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Robert Connon Smith, E. Buckley-Geer, Emmanuel Bertin, Daniel Scolnic, E. Suchyta, Brian Nord, Richard Kessler, A. Carnero Rosell, Eric Morganson, Darren L. DePoy, L. N. da Costa, A. A. Plazas, Alex G. Kim, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, T. M. C. Abbott, Ofer Lahav, H. Spinka, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Absolute magnitude, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, observational [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Kilonova, Atomic, Physical Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, general [binaries], stars: neutron, neutron [stars], Particle and Plasma Physics, Affordable and Clean Energy, supernovae: general, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], Nuclear, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QB, astro-ph.HE, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Molecular, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Light curve, methods: data analysis, Galaxy, Supernova, Neutron star, binaries: general, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, methods: observational, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [supernovae], Astronomical and Space Sciences, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural)
Abstract

The coalescence of a binary neutron star (BNS) pair is expected to produce gravitational waves (GW) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation, both of which may be detectable with currently available instruments. We describe a search for a theoretically predicted r-process optical transient from these mergers, dubbed the kilonova (KN), using griz broadband data from the Dark Energy Survey Supernova Program (DES-SN). Some models predict KNe to be redder, shorter-lived, and dimmer than supernovae (SNe), but at present the event rate of KNe is poorly constrained. We simulate observations of KN and SN light curves with the Monte-Carlo simulation code SNANA to optimize selection requirements, determine search efficiency, and predict SN backgrounds. We also perform an analysis using fake point sources on images to account for anomalous efficiency losses from difference-imaging on bright low-redshift galaxies. Our analysis of the first two seasons of DES-SN data results in 0 events, and is consistent with our prediction of 1.1 background events based on simulations of SN. Given our simulation prediction, there is a 33 percent chance of finding 0 events in the data. Assuming no underlying galaxy flux, our search sets 90 percent upper limits on the KN volumetric rate of $1.0\times10^7$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the dimmest KN model we consider (peak i-band absolute magnitude $M_i=-11.4$ mag) and $2.4\times10^4$ Gpc$^{-3}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the brightest ($M_i=-16.2$ mag). Accounting for efficiency loss from host galaxy Poisson noise, these limits are 1.1 times higher; accounting for anomalous subtraction artifacts on bright galaxies, these limits are ~3 times higher. While previous KN searches were based on triggered follow-up, this analysis is the first untriggered optical KN search and informs selection requirements and strategies for future KN searches and GW follow-up observations.

Published
2017

167. Astrometric calibration and performance of the Dark Energy Camera

Author

E. Suchyta, Darren L. DePoy, E. S. Rykoff, A. Benoit-Lévy, Shantanu Desai, H. T. Diehl, Mathew Smith, Ramon Miquel, V. Scarpine, Elisabeth Krause, David J. James, Michael Schubnell, Kevin Reil, R. H. Schindler, Daniel Gruen, Tianjun Li, Felipe Menanteau, J. Gschwend, Juan Garcia-Bellido, David J. Brooks, Gary Bernstein, D. W. Gerdes, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, G. Tarle, Robert Armstrong, Steve Kent, A. Roodman, Flavia Sobreira, D. L. Burke, P. Fosalba, M. Carrasco Kind, A. Carnero Rosell, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. E. C. Swanson, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, T. F. Eifler, Keith Bechtol, Kyler Kuehn, R. C. Smith, J. Carretero, M. March, Enrique J. Fernández, K. Honscheid, T. M. C. Abbott, M. A. G. Maia, Joshua A. Frieman, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. J. Sanchez, N. Kuropatkin, A. A. Plazas, Carlos E. Cunha, L. N. da Costa, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, G. Gutierrez, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Data Analysis - Instrumentation, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, Optics, law, Distortion, 0103 physical sciences, Atmospheric refraction, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Stellar density, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Detectors, Astrometry, Astrometry - Atmospheric Effects - Methods, Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Atmospheric optics
Abstract

We characterize the ability of the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) to perform relative astrometry across its 500~Mpix, 3 deg^2 science field of view, and across 4 years of operation. This is done using internal comparisons of ~4x10^7 measurements of high-S/N stellar images obtained in repeat visits to fields of moderate stellar density, with the telescope dithered to move the sources around the array. An empirical astrometric model includes terms for: optical distortions; stray electric fields in the CCD detectors; chromatic terms in the instrumental and atmospheric optics; shifts in CCD relative positions of up to ~10 um when the DECam temperature cycles; and low-order distortions to each exposure from changes in atmospheric refraction and telescope alignment. Errors in this astrometric model are dominated by stochastic variations with typical amplitudes of 10-30 mas (in a 30 s exposure) and 5-10 arcmin coherence length, plausibly attributed to Kolmogorov-spectrum atmospheric turbulence. The size of these atmospheric distortions is not closely related to the seeing. Given an astrometric reference catalog at density ~0.7 arcmin^{-2}, e.g. from Gaia, the typical atmospheric distortions can be interpolated to 7 mas RMS accuracy (for 30 s exposures) with 1 arcmin coherence length for residual errors. Remaining detectable error contributors are 2-4 mas RMS from unmodelled stray electric fields in the devices, and another 2-4 mas RMS from focal plane shifts between camera thermal cycles. Thus the astrometric solution for a single DECam exposure is accurate to 3-6 mas (0.02 pixels, or 300 nm) on the focal plane, plus the stochastic atmospheric distortion., Comment: Submitted to PASP

Published
2017
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168. Mapping and Simulating Systematics due to Spatially Varying Observing Conditions in DES Science Verification Data

Author

Antonella Palmese, Carlos Solans Sanchez, J. L. Marshall, William Wester, Kyler Kuehn, Martin Crocce, Eli S. Rykoff, D. L. Burke, Boris Leistedt, Jon J Thaler, David J. James, Michael T. Busha, J. Carretero, Yanming Zhang, V. Vikram, Ofer Lahav, David Brooks, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, Robert A. Gruendl, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, M. E. C. Swanson, Pablo Fosalba, Carlos Cunha, Stephen M. Kent, C. L. Chang, E. M. Huff, A. Carnero Rosell, A. Roodman, Brian Nord, Claudio Bruderer, V. Scarpine, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Emmanuel Bertin, A. Benoit-Lévy, Marcos Lima, E. J. Sanchez, Joshua A. Frieman, Ashley J. Ross, Peter Melchior, Ramon Miquel, R. C. Smith, Enrique Gaztanaga, Eduardo Rozo, I. Sadeh, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Will J. Percival, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, C. Bonnett, Alistair R. Walker, G. Gutierrez, Shantanu Desai, R. A. Bernstein, Joe Zuntz, M. Banerji, Darren L. DePoy, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Gregory Tarle, F. B. Abdalla, F. Elsner, A. K. Romer, Sahar S. Allam, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Risa H. Wechsler, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Paul Martini, M. Jarvis, L. N. da Costa, M. A. G. Maia, Alexandre Refregier, K. Honscheid, Adam Amara, A. Fausti Neto, Christopher J. Miller, Tim Eifler, Kevin Reil, Tenglin Li, Sarah Bridle, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, N. P. Kuropatkin, Daniel Gruen, Hiranya V. Peiris, A. A. Plazas, Diego Capozzi, D. W. Gerdes, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, A. H. Bauer, Gary Bernstein, and M. S. Schubnell

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, statistics [galaxies], Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Deslocamento para o vermelho, galaxy surveys, Cluster analysis, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, QB, media_common, Aglomerados de galaxias, Mapeamentos astronômicos, Physics, large-scale structure of universe, spatial systematics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, precision cosmology, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, observations [cosmology], Fotometria astronômica, Null (SQL), Space and Planetary Science, Sky, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, distances and redshifts [galaxies], image simulations, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Spatially-varying depth and characteristics of observing conditions, such as seeing, airmass, or sky background, are major sources of systematic uncertainties in modern galaxy survey analyses, in particular in deep multi-epoch surveys. We present a framework to extract and project these sources of systematics onto the sky, and apply it to the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to map the observing conditions of the Science Verification (SV) data. The resulting distributions and maps of sources of systematics are used in several analyses of DES SV to perform detailed null tests with the data, and also to incorporate systematics in survey simulations. We illustrate the complementarity of these two approaches by comparing the SV data with the BCC-UFig, a synthetic sky catalogue generated by forward-modelling of the DES SV images. We analyse the BCC-UFig simulation to construct galaxy samples mimicking those used in SV galaxy clustering studies. We show that the spatially-varying survey depth imprinted in the observed galaxy densities and the redshift distributions of the SV data are successfully reproduced by the simulation and well-captured by the maps of observing conditions. The combined use of the maps, the SV data and the BCC-UFig simulation allows us to quantify the impact of spatial systematics on $N(z)$, the redshift distributions inferred using photometric redshifts. We conclude that spatial systematics in the SV data are mainly due to seeing fluctuations and are under control in current clustering and weak lensing analyses. The framework presented here is relevant to all multi-epoch surveys, and will be essential for exploiting future surveys such as the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), which will require detailed null-tests and realistic end-to-end image simulations to correctly interpret the deep, high-cadence observations of the sky., 13 pages, 12 figures

Published
2016

169. Joint analysis of galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering: methodology and forecasts for dark energy survey

Author

K. Honscheid, Christopher J. Miller, E. S. Rykoff, Natalie A. Roe, Jennifer L. Marshall, D. A. Finley, Shantanu Desai, Carles Sanchez, Enrique Gaztanaga, J. Carretero, A. Benoit-Lévy, E. Bertin, A. Carnero Rosell, Vinu Vikram, E. Buckley-Geer, F. B. Abdalla, Tim Eifler, Daniel Gruen, J. Zuntz, Elisabeth Krause, V. Scarpine, G. Gutierrez, M. Carrasco Kind, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, P. Fosalba, Alistair R. Walker, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, M. Schubnell, Robert C. Nichol, J. J. Thaler, Youngsoo Park, Sarah Bridle, Scott Dodelson, D. L. Burke, Marcelle Soares-Santos, D. W. Gerdes, Martin Crocce, Ramon Miquel, Jochen Weller, Francisco J. Castander, T. M. C. Abbott, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, E. Fernandez, A. A. Plazas, E. J. Sanchez, Adam Amara, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Gregory Tarle, David J. James, Peter Doel, E. Suchyta, B. Flaugher, Darren L. DePoy, Steve Kent, Risa H. Wechsler, Eduardo Rozo, Nikolay Kuropatkin, A. K. Romer, Bhuvnesh Jain, A. Fausti Neto, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, J. P. Dietrich, L. N. da Costa, Kyler Kuehn, Joseph Clampitt, Marcos Lima, Peter Melchior, and M. A. G. Maia

Subjects
Physics, Observational error, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, AST-1138766, RCUK, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Halo occupation distribution, Cosmology, Galaxy, 0103 physical sciences, Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, Cluster analysis, dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, cosmology, uploaded-in-3-months-elsewhere, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, QB
Abstract

The joint analysis of galaxy-galaxy lensing and galaxy clustering is a promising method for inferring the growth function of large scale structure. This analysis will be carried out on data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES), with its measurements of both the distribution of galaxies and the tangential shears of background galaxies induced by these foreground lenses. We develop a practical approach to modeling the assumptions and systematic effects affecting small scale lensing, which provides halo masses, and large scale galaxy clustering. Introducing parameters that characterize the halo occupation distribution (HOD), photometric redshift uncertainties, and shear measurement errors, we study how external priors on different subsets of these parameters affect our growth constraints. Degeneracies within the HOD model, as well as between the HOD and the growth function, are identified as the dominant source of complication, with other systematic effects sub-dominant. The impact of HOD parameters and their degeneracies necessitate the detailed joint modeling of the galaxy sample that we employ. We conclude that DES data will provide powerful constraints on the evolution of structure growth in the universe, conservatively/optimistically constraining the growth function to 7.9%/4.8% with its first-year data that covered over 1000 square degrees, and to 3.9%/2.3% with its full five-year data that will survey 5000 square degrees, including both statistical and systematic uncertainties.

Published
2016

170. redMaGiC: selecting luminous red galaxies from the DES Science Verification data

Author

Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Flavia Sobreira, Peter Doel, Martin Crocce, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, H. T. Diehl, Enrique Gaztanaga, Vinu Vikram, Eli S. Rykoff, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, M. Jarvis, Ben Hoyle, J. J. Thaler, A. H. Bauer, T. M. C. Abbott, Hiranya V. Peiris, D. L. Burke, E. Bertin, C. Davis, E. J. Sanchez, C. Bonnett, Shantanu Desai, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, A. Benoit-Lévy, Syed Uddin, Daniela Carollo, A. A. Plazas, Gary Bernstein, Brian Nord, Marcio A. G. Maia, Diego Capozzi, Peter Melchior, Carlos E. Cunha, Robert A. Gruendl, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, P. Fosalba, C. Lidman, Ofer Lahav, Alexandra Abate, Darren L. DePoy, A. Carnero Rosell, L. N. da Costa, Eduardo Rozo, David J. James, Kyler Kuehn, Ramon Miquel, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Tim Eifler, Karl Glazebrook, W. C. Wester, Manda Banerji, Risa H. Wechsler, R. C. Smith, J. Carretero, K. Honscheid, Tamara M. Davis, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, A. Fausti Neto, J. P. Dietrich, Nikolay Kuropatkin, A. Roodman, M. J. Childress, Joshua A. Frieman, C. R. O'Neill, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Joseph J. Mohr, Michael Schubnell, M. Sako, A. G. Kim, Marcos Lima, Boris Leistedt, Francisco J. Castander, Y. Zhang, F. B. Abdalla, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, and C. J. Miller

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Gaussian, media_common.quotation_subject, astro-ph.GA, statistical [methods], Extrapolation, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, photometric [techniques], symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, media_common, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Sigma, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Outlier, symbols, astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, general [galaxies], astro-ph.IM
Abstract

We introduce redMaGiC, an automated algorithm for selecting Luminous Red Galaxies (LRGs). The algorithm was specifically developed to minimize photometric redshift uncertainties in photometric large-scale structure studies. redMaGiC achieves this by self-training the color-cuts necessary to produce a luminosity-thresholded LRG sample of constant comoving density. We demonstrate that redMaGiC photozs are very nearly as accurate as the best machine-learning based methods, yet they require minimal spectroscopic training, do not suffer from extrapolation biases, and are very nearly Gaussian. We apply our algorithm to Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data to produce a redMaGiC catalog sampling the redshift range $z\in[0.2,0.8]$. Our fiducial sample has a comoving space density of $10^{-3}\ (h^{-1} Mpc)^{-3}$, and a median photoz bias ($z_{spec}-z_{photo}$) and scatter $(\sigma_z/(1+z))$ of 0.005 and 0.017 respectively. The corresponding $5\sigma$ outlier fraction is 1.4%. We also test our algorithm with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 8 (DR8) and Stripe 82 data, and discuss how spectroscopic training can be used to control photoz biases at the 0.1% level., Comment: comments welcome

Published
2016

171. Physical properties of star clusters in the outer LMC as observed by the DES

Author

Flavia Sobreira, Eduardo Balbinot, J. J. Thaler, Shantanu Desai, A. Benoit-Lévy, Basilio X. Santiago, Michael Schubnell, V. Scarpine, M. E. C. Swanson, Jennifer L. Marshall, L. N. da Costa, E. Suchyta, H. T. Diehl, K. Honscheid, Robert Connon Smith, Anna B. A. Queiroz, D. A. Finley, Tianjun Li, David J. James, David J. Brooks, D. L. Tucker, M. Carrasco Kind, E. Bertin, Pablo Fosalba, Alex Drlica-Wagner, J. Carretero, Adriano Pieres, Robert C. Nichol, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, B. Flaugher, Kyler Kuehn, Joshua A. Frieman, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Gregory Tarle, A. Roodman, Alistair R. Walker, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Marcelle Soares-Santos, A. Carnero Rosell, Marcio A. G. Maia, G. Gutierrez, D. L. Burke, Brian Nord, Ofer Lahav, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Daniel Gruen, Ramon Miquel, D. W. Gerdes, C. J. Miller, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, Tim Eifler, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, A. A. Plazas, Carlos E. Cunha, E. Luque, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Univ Surrey, Observ Nacl, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Natl Opt Astron Observ, CNRS, UCL, Univ Paris 06, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, IEEC CSIC, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Excellence Cluster Universe, Univ Munich, CALTECH, Univ Michigan, Ohio State Univ, Australian Astron Observ, Texas A&M Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Univ Portsmouth, Univ Sussex, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), and Univ Penn

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, astro-ph.GA, statistical [methods], Magellanic Cloud, Fotometria estelar, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, star clusters: general [galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, Aglomerados estelares, Cluster (physics), Large Magellanic Cloud, Grande Nuvem de Magalhães, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, STFC, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Stars, Star cluster, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Homogeneous, Dark energy
Abstract

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T17:06:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-09-01 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) European Research Council US Department of Energy US National Science Foundation Ministry of Science and Education of Spain Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom Higher Education Funding Council for England National Center for Supercomputing Applications at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Kavli Institute of Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics at the Ohio State University Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy at Texas AM University Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ) Ministerio da Ciencia, Tecnologia e Inovacao Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Collaborating Institutions in the Dark Energy Survey National Science Foundation MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa European Research Council under the European Union ICREA Science and Technology Facilities Council The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) harbours a rich and diverse system of star clusters, whose ages, chemical abundances and positions provide information about the LMC history of star formation. We use Science Verification imaging data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) to increase the census of known star clusters in the outer LMC and to derive physical parameters for a large sample of such objects using a spatially and photometrically homogeneous data set. Our sample contains 255 visually identified cluster candidates, of which 109 were not listed in any previous catalogue. We quantify the crowding effect for the stellar sample produced by the DES Data Management pipeline and conclude that the stellar completeness is < 10 per cent inside typical LMC cluster cores. We therefore reanalysed the DES co-add images around each candidate cluster and remeasured positions and magnitudes for their stars. We also implement a maximum-likelihood method to fit individual density profiles and colour-magnitude diagrams. For 117 (from a total of 255) of the cluster candidates (28 uncatalogued clusters), we obtain reliable ages, metallicities, distance moduli and structural parameters, confirming their nature as physical systems. The distribution of cluster metallicities shows a radial dependence, with no clusters more metal rich than [Fe/H] similar or equal to -0.7 beyond 8 kpc from the LMC centre. The age distribution has two peaks at similar or equal to 1.2 and similar or equal to 2.7 Gyr. Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Inst Fis, Caixa Postal 15051, BR-91501970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Univ Surrey, Dept Phys, Guildford GU2 7XH, Surrey, England Observ Nacl, Rua Gal Jose Cristino 77, BR-20921400 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, POB 500, Batavia, IL 60510 USA Stanford Univ, Kavli Inst Particle Astrophys & Cosmol, POB 2450, Stanford, CA 94305 USA SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA Natl Opt Astron Observ, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile CNRS, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France UCL, Dept Phys & Astron, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, UMR 7095, Inst Astrophys Paris, F-75014 Paris, France Univ Illinois, Dept Astron, 1002 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, 1205 West Clark St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA IEEC CSIC, Inst Ciencies Espai, Campus UAB,Carrer Can Magrans,S-N, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, IFAE, Campus UAB, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain Excellence Cluster Universe, Boltzmannstr 2, D-85748 Garching, Germany Univ Munich, Fac Phys, Scheinerstr 1, D-81679 Munich, Germany CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA Univ Michigan, Dept Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Ohio State Univ, Ctr Cosmol & Astroparticle Phys, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Australian Astron Observ, N Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia Texas A&M Univ, George P & Cynthia Woods Mitchell Inst Fundamenta, College Stn, TX 77843 USA Texas A&M Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, College Stn, TX 77843 USA Ohio State Univ, Dept Astron, 174 W 18Th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA Univ Michigan, Dept Astron, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain Univ Portsmouth, Inst Cosmol & Gravitat, Portsmouth PO1 3FX, Hants, England Univ Sussex, Dept Phys & Astron, Pevensey Bldg, Brighton BN1 9QH, E Sussex, England Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Madrid, Spain Univ Estadual Paulista, ICTP South Amer Inst Fundamental Res, Inst Fis Teor, Sao Paulo, Brazil Univ Penn, Dept Phys & Astron, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, 1110 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA Univ Estadual Paulista, ICTP South Amer Inst Fundamental Res, Inst Fis Teor, Sao Paulo, Brazil European Research Council: ERC-StG-335936 National Science Foundation: AST-1138766 MINECO: AYA2012-39559 MINECO: ESP2013-48274 MINECO: FPA2013-47986 Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa: SEV-2012-0234 European Research Council under the European Union: 240672 European Research Council under the European Union: 291329 European Research Council under the European Union: 306478 Science and Technology Facilities Council: ST/N000668/1 Science and Technology Facilities Council: ST/K00090X/1

Published
2016

172. The Dark Energy Survey: more than dark energy – an overview

Author

V. Scarpine, Peter Doel, Alex Drlica-Wagner, M. Carrasco-Kind, Eric H. Neilsen, H. T. Diehl, William G. Hartley, Martin Crocce, David Bacon, Jochen Weller, Huan Lin, Michael Schubnell, L. Clerkin, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, L. Whiteway, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, J. Fabbri, Marcio A. G. Maia, Donnacha Kirk, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, C. Bonnett, Brian Yanny, T. M. C. Abbott, Antonella Palmese, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Hiranya V. Peiris, D. L. Burke, Shantanu Desai, E. J. Sanchez, Mathew Smith, Stephanie Jouvel, A. Benoit-Lévy, Vinu Vikram, Ryan J. Foley, I. Sadeh, A. L. King, Joe Zuntz, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ashley J. Ross, S. Allam, Marcella Carollo, Robert A. Gruendl, H. Wilcox, C. B. D'Andrea, J. Etherington, F. B. Abdalla, Bhuvnesh Jain, Xan Morice-Atkinson, Tesla E. Jeltema, F. Ostrovski, David J. James, Yanming Zhang, Christopher J. Miller, Ramon Miquel, A. Carnero-Rosell, C. Sánchez, John Peoples, B. Flaugher, Pablo Fosalba, E. Bertin, Ofer Lahav, Keith Bechtol, Maayane T. Soumagnac, Will J. Percival, Thomas E. Collett, Daniel Gruen, Nikolay Kuropatkin, A. Papadopoulos, W. C. Wester, Robert Connon Smith, Manda Banerji, Flavia Sobreira, Gary Bernstein, Jon J Thaler, Alex Merson, G. Gutierrez, P. Guarnieri, Brian Nord, G. B. Caminha, Basilio X. Santiago, Joseph J. Mohr, Eduardo Balbinot, S. L. Reed, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Juan Estrada, Adam Amara, Risa H. Wechsler, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Joaquin Vieira, Alexandre Refregier, Robert J. Brunner, Krishna Naidoo, Tianjun Li, Joshua A. Frieman, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Christopher J. Conselice, Claudia Maraston, A. A. Plazas, Diego Capozzi, L. N. da Costa, Robert C. Nichol, J. Carretero, D. W. Gerdes, Tamara M. Davis, Peter Melchior, Enrique Gaztanaga, Daniel A. Goldstein, Marc Manera, Francisco J. Castander, J. P. Dietrich, Richard G. McMahon, J. Carlsen, D. A. Finley, Mark Sullivan, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Eduardo Rozo, Jelena Aleksić, R. C. Thomas, Eli S. Rykoff, Richard G. Kron, K. Honscheid, Marcos Lima, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Jonathan Blazek, Sarah Bridle, Scott Dodelson, Carlos E. Cunha, Martin Makler, M. Sako, Richard Kessler, and G. Tarle

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), supernovae, astro-ph.GA, quasars, FOS: Physical sciences, Library science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxies general, surveys, minor plantes, asteroids, galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, Deslocamento para o vermelho, European union, Astronomy observatory, Galáxias, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, QB, Physics, Mapeamentos astronômicos, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Surveys minor planets, European research, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Asteroids general, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Quasars general, Supernovae general, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Fundamental physics, astro-ph.CO, Christian ministry, Galaxy general, National laboratory, surveys – minor planets, asteroids: general – supernovae: general – Galaxy: general – galaxies: general – quasars: general, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

This overview article describes the legacy prospect and discovery potential of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) beyond cosmological studies, illustrating it with examples from the DES early data. DES is using a wide-field camera (DECam) on the 4m Blanco Telescope in Chile to image 5000 sq deg of the sky in five filters (grizY). By its completion the survey is expected to have generated a catalogue of 300 million galaxies with photometric redshifts and 100 million stars. In addition, a time-domain survey search over 27 sq deg is expected to yield a sample of thousands of Type Ia supernovae and other transients. The main goals of DES are to characterise dark energy and dark matter, and to test alternative models of gravity; these goals will be pursued by studying large scale structure, cluster counts, weak gravitational lensing and Type Ia supernovae. However, DES also provides a rich data set which allows us to study many other aspects of astrophysics. In this paper we focus on additional science with DES, emphasizing areas where the survey makes a difference with respect to other current surveys. The paper illustrates, using early data (from `Science Verification', and from the first, second and third seasons of observations), what DES can tell us about the solar system, the Milky Way, galaxy evolution, quasars, and other topics. In addition, we show that if the cosmological model is assumed to be Lambda+ Cold Dark Matter (LCDM) then important astrophysics can be deduced from the primary DES probes. Highlights from DES early data include the discovery of 34 Trans Neptunian Objects, 17 dwarf satellites of the Milky Way, one published z > 6 quasar (and more confirmed) and two published superluminous supernovae (and more confirmed)., 32 pages, 15 figures; a revised Figure 1 and minor changes, to match the published MNRAS version

Published
2016

173. SDSS-IV eBOSS emission-line galaxy pilot survey

Author

J. Comparat, T. Delubac, S. Jouvel, A. Raichoor, J-P. Kneib, C. Yèche, F. B. Abdalla, C. Le Cras, C. Maraston, D. M. Wilkinson, G. Zhu, E. Jullo, F. Prada, D. Schlegel, Z. Xu, H. Zou, J. Bautista, D. Bizyaev, A. Bolton, J. R. Brownstein, K. S. Dawson, S. Escoffier, P. Gaulme, K. Kinemuchi, E. Malanushenko, V. Malanushenko, V. Mariappan, J. A. Newman, D. Oravetz, K. Pan, W. J. Percival, A. Prakash, D. P. Schneider, A. Simmons, T. M. C. Abbott, S. Allam, M. Banerji, A. Benoit-Lévy, E. Bertin, D. Brooks, D. Capozzi, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, F. J. Castander, C. E. Cunha, L. N. da Costa, S. Desai, P. Doel, T. F. Eifler, J. Estrada, B. Flaugher, P. Fosalba, J. Frieman, E. Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, D. Gruen, R. A. Gruendl, G. Gutierrez, K. Honscheid, D. J. James, K. Kuehn, N. Kuropatkin, O. Lahav, M. Lima, M. A. G. Maia, M. March, J. L. Marshall, R. Miquel, A. A. Plazas, K. Reil, N. Roe, A. K. Romer, A. Roodman, E. S. Rykoff, M. Sako, E. Sanchez, V. Scarpine, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Soares-Santos, F. Sobreira, E. Suchyta, M. E. C. Swanson, G. Tarle, J. Thaler, D. Thomas, A. R. Walker, Y. Zhang, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Departamento de FisicaTeorica e IFT-UAM/CSIC, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), EPFL Laboratoire d’astrophysique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), University College of London [London] (UCL), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Services communs OMP (UMS 831), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation (Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation), University of Portsmouth, Instituto de Física Teórica UAM/CSIC (IFT), Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Institute of Oceanology [China], Key Laboratory of of Optical Astronomy, Chinese Academy of Sciences [Changchun Branch] (CAS)-National Astronomical Observatories of China, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Hippolyte Fizeau (FIZEAU), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chimie du solide et de l'énergie (CSE), Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CSIR (CSIR), CSIR, European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Equipe Circuit Instrumentation et Modélisation Electronique (ECIME), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de l'Electronique et de ses Applications, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire de Physique [Saint Martin d’Hères] (LIPhy), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Física d’Altes Energies [Barcelone] (IFAE), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Physique et mécanique des milieux hétérogenes (UMR 7636) (PMMH), Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Universidad Simon Bolivar (USB), Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM), UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Département de Physique des Particules (ex SPP) (DPhP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences [Beijing] (CAS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), and Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha = University of Castilla-La Mancha (UCLM)

Subjects
Galaxies: general, spectroscopy, Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Large-scale structure of Universe, astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, observational [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Photometry (optics), Methods: observational, 0103 physical sciences, survey, Emission spectrum, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Selection algorithm, Spectrograph, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Standard ruler, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, RCUK, Física, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, galaxy, large-scale structure of Universe, emission lines, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], cosmology, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, general [galaxies]
Abstract

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAM, Astronomy and Astrophysics 592 (2016): A121reproduced with permission from Astronomy & Astrophysics, The Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (SDSS-IV/eBOSS) will observe 195 000 emission-line galaxies (ELGs) to measure the baryonic acoustic oscillation (BAO) standard ruler at redshift 0.9. To test different ELG selection algorithms, 9000 spectra were observed with the SDSS spectrograph as a pilot survey based on data from several imaging surveys. First, using visual inspection and redshift quality flags, we show that the automated spectroscopic redshifts assigned by the pipeline meet the quality requirements for a reliable BAO measurement. We also show the correlations between sky emission, signal-to-noise ratio in the emission lines, and redshift error. Then we provide a detailed description of each target selection algorithm we tested and compare them with the requirements of the eBOSS experiment. As a result, we provide reliable redshift distributions for the different target selection schemes we tested. Finally, we determine an target selection algorithms that is best suited to be applied on DECam photometry because they fulfill the eBOSS survey efficiency requirements, J.C .and F.P. acknowledge support from the Spanish MICINNs Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Programme under grant MultiDark CSD2009-00064, MINECO Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa Programme under the grants SEV-2012-0249, FPA2012-34694, and the projects AYA2014- 60641-C2-1-P and AYA2012-31101. F.P. acknowledges the spanish MEC Salvador de Madariaga program, Ref. PRX14/00444. T.D. and J.P.K. acknowledge support from the LIDA ERC advanced grant. AR acknowledges funding from the P2IO LabEx (ANR-10-LABX-0038) in the framework Investissements d’Avenir (ANR- 11-IDEX-0003-01) managed by the French National Research Agency (ANR). The DES data management system is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013- 48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012- 0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007−2013) including ERC grant agreements 240672, 291329, and 306478

Published
2016

174. A DECAM SEARCH FOR AN OPTICAL COUNTERPART TO THE LIGO GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE EVENT GW151226

Author

Wen-fai Fong, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, John Marriner, A. K. Romer, D. L. Burke, R. C. Thomas, A. A. Plazas, A. Fausti Neto, Armin Rest, A. Carnero Rosell, D. L. Tucker, Eliot Quataert, Richard Kessler, William Wester, Kyler Kuehn, V. A. Villar, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Philip S. Cowperthwaite, A. Benoit-Lévy, Keith Bechtol, K. Honscheid, Kevin Reil, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, Peter K. G. Williams, Daniel Scolnic, G. Strampelli, Eric H. Neilsen, Marcos Lima, D. J. Brout, V. Scarpine, Felipe Menanteau, Edo Berger, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Derek B. Fox, Brian Nord, Gregory Tarle, Daniel Kasen, Raffaella Margutti, G. Gutierrez, Masao Sako, R. C. Smith, Carlos Cunha, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Huan Lin, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Ryan Chornock, Ben Farr, David J. James, Ramon Miquel, Brian D. Metzger, Pablo Fosalba, Robert Armstrong, L. N. da Costa, Duncan A. Brown, Alistair R. Walker, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Hsin-Yu Chen, Maria R. Drout, Marcelle Soares-Santos, J. Annis, Zoheyr Doctor, Flavia Sobreira, Thomas Matheson, M. W. G. Johnson, Jennifer L. Marshall, S. B. Cenko, F. B. Abdalla, Elisabeth Krause, Joseph J. Mohr, Joshua A. Frieman, Tommaso Giannantonio, H. T. Diehl, M. S. S. Gill, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, David Brooks, Francisco J. Castander, E. Bertin, Marcio A. G. Maia, Michael D. Johnson, Ken Herner, Nathan Smith, Daniel Gruen, D. A. Finley, J. Carretero, D. W. Gerdes, Daniel A. Goldstein, J. P. Dietrich, Jochen Weller, T. M. C. Abbott, R. J. Foley, E. J. Sanchez, C. B. D'Andrea, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Daniel E. Holz, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, UAM. Departamento de Física Teórica, Harvard Smithsonian Ctr Astrophys, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Penn, Syracuse Univ, NASA, Univ Maryland, Univ Chicago, Ohio Univ, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Univ Illinois, Univ Arizona, Penn State Univ, Univ Autonoma Madrid, Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Natl Ctr Supercomputing Applicat, Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, NYU, Natl Opt Astron Observ, Columbia Univ, Space Telescope Sci Inst, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, UCL, Rhodes Univ, Princeton Univ, Univ Wisconsin, CNRS, Univ Paris 06, Observ Nacl, IEEC CSIC, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Univ Portsmouth, Univ Southampton, Univ Munich, Excellence Cluster Universe, Univ Michigan, Univ Cambridge, Ohio State Univ, Australian Astron Observ, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Texas A&M Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, CALTECH, Univ Sussex, and Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), close [binaries], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Surveys, Kilonova, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Gravitational waves, neutron [stars], surveys, Stars: Neutron, 0103 physical sciences, GW151226, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, QB, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, astro-ph.HE, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Gravitational wave, Detector, Física, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxy, LIGO, Binaries: Close, Supernova, gravitational waves, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, Catalogs, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, catalogs, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Astrophysical Journal Letters 826.2 (2016): L29 reproduced by permission of the AAS, We report the results of a Dark Energy Camera optical follow-up of the gravitational-wave (GW) event GW151226, discovered by the Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory detectors. Our observations cover 28.8 deg2 of the localization region in the i and z bands (containing 3% of the BAYESTAR localization probability), starting 10 hr after the event was announced and spanning four epochs at 2-24 days after the GW detection. We achieve 5σ point-source limiting magnitudes of i ≈ 21.7 and z ≈ 21.5, with a scatter of 0.4 mag, in our difference images. Given the two-day delay, we search this area for a rapidly declining optical counterpart with ≥ 3σ significance steady decline between the first and final observations. We recover four sources that pass our selection criteria, of which three are cataloged active galactic nuclei. The fourth source is offset by 5.8 arcsec from the center of a galaxy at a distance of 187 Mpc, exhibits a rapid decline by 0.5 mag over 4 days, and has a red color of i - z ≈ 0.3 mag. These properties could satisfy a set of cuts designed to identify kilonovae. However, this source was detected several times, starting 94 days prior to GW151226, in the Pan-STARRS Survey for Transients (dubbed as PS15cdi) and is therefore unrelated to the GW event. Given its long-term behavior, PS15cdi is likely a Type IIP supernova that transitioned out of its plateau phase during our observations, mimicking a kilonova-like behavior. We comment on the implications of this detection for contamination in future optical follow-up observations, P.S.C. is grateful for support provided by the NSF through the Graduate Research Fellowship Program, grant DGE1144152. R. J.F. gratefully acknowledges support from NSF grant AST– 1518052 and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. D.E.H. was supported by NSF CAREER grant PHY-1151836. He also acknowledges support from the Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago through NSF grant PHY- 1125897 as well as an endowment from the Kavli Foundation. The DES Data Management System is supported by the NSF under grant number AST-1138766. The DES participants from Spanish institutions are partially supported by MINECO under grants AYA2012-39559, ESP2013-48274, FPA2013-47986, and Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa SEV-2012-0234. Research leading to these results has received funding from the ERC under the EU’s 7th Framework Programme including grants ERC 240672, 291329,and 306478

Published
2016

175. Observation of diffractive J/psi production at the Fermilab Tevatron

Author

K. Kondo, Robert M Harris, G. Veramendi, M. Gold, A. Munar, G. Pauletta, Andrea Castro, D. Khazins, Maxwell Chertok, T. Ohsugi, I. Yu, M. J. Shochet, K. Karr, R. J. Miller, A. Connolly, E. Kovacs, T. Ohmoto, W. Orejudos, Frank Chlebana, T. Asakawa, Z. Yu, Marjorie Shapiro, A. J. Slaughter, A. Mukherjee, A. Akopian, C. Pagliarone, G. Punzi, E. Engels, Maurice Garcia-Sciveres, M. P. Schmidt, Andrea Bocci, E. Buckley-Geer, Riccardo Paoletti, P. Schlabach, S. Galeotti, A. Rakitine, P. Sinervo, R. Takashima, Tommaso Dorigo, James Bensinger, M. Barone, M. Kelly, E. McKigney, J. Wolinski, A. Reichold, Leonard Spiegel, R. Vilar, P. K. Teng, C. Green, A. Nomerotski, T. Yoshida, P. Azzi-Bacchetta, C. Smith, M. Guenther, C. Bromberg, P. Murat, G. Velev, N. Lai, Kazuhiko Hara, F. Zetti, Stephan Lammel, A. Robinson, S. Wolinski, J. D. Lewis, Kenichi Hatakeyama, J. G. Loken, C. Holck, E. James, S. Vejcik, M. Mangano, G. W. Foster, D. Glenzinski, M. Lindgren, T. Kikuchi, A. Artikov, S. Segler, H. Sato, M. Kirk, P. Koehn, P. Yeh, Fedor Prokoshin, Pierre Savard, M. Popovic, Yasuo Fukui, T. Takano, M. Franklin, Lawrence Nodulman, M. Shimojima, Stefano Belforte, T. Okusawa, T. Kuwabara, P. Mazzanti, Q. Fan, A. Tollestrup, W. Caskey, C. Ferretti, R. E. Hughes, Maria Spiropulu, T. Devlin, B. Tannenbaum, Thomas LeCompte, A. Sidoti, J. Done, J. Huston, Matthew Herndon, Chunhui Chen, Petar Maksimovic, Hajin Kim, M. Mishina, J. C. Freeman, J. A.J. Matthews, G. Bauer, A. D. Hardman, F. D. Snider, J. Cranshaw, L. Ristori, R. Culbertson, R. J. Tesarek, S. Rolli, Benjamin Kilminster, Y. Gotra, Fumihiko Ukegawa, A. Dominguez, D. Winn, Christoph Paus, J. Carlson, A. B. Wicklund, William Trischuk, D. Lucchesi, Barry Blumenfeld, S. C. van den Brink, M. J. Wang, T. Miao, R. M. Haas, Umesh Joshi, Roger Moore, M. H. Kirby, D. O. Litvintsev, Nicola Bacchetta, E. E. Schmidt, C. I. Ciobanu, A. Roy, J. Steele, F. Bedeschi, Xin Wu, S. Wolbers, D. W. Gerdes, K. D. Hoffman, Gino Bolla, T. L. Watts, L. Holloway, H. Toyoda, S. H. Kim, Christina Mesropian, Yanwen Liu, R. Kephart, R. L. Wagner, Hiroto Kambara, T. Handa, Andrey Korytov, N. S. Lockyer, Roberto Rossin, S. Cabrera, W. Carithers, S. Murgia, H. Wenzel, H. Akimoto, A. Scribano, R. Oishi, R. Madrak, Joe Kroll, C. Nelson, Monica D'Onofrio, J. Patrick, P. Sphicas, Virgil E Barnes, N. Moggi, Frank Hartmann, Alan Sill, K. Goulianos, S. R. Hahn, V. Glagolev, K. S. McFarland, S. Tether, J. Antos, Konstanty Sumorok, M. Bishai, S. Lami, T. Shah, J. Berryhill, A. Semenov, M. Cordelli, G. Busetto, Brian L Winer, M. Brozovic, Minu Kim, S. Waschke, K. Tollefson, R. G. Wagner, Kenneth Bloom, Matthew Jones, K. Anikeev, D. Errede, G. Latino, Th. Müller, K. Sliwa, S. Klimenko, Aw Chan, T. Shibayama, M. Loreti, Duncan Carlsmith, J. Valls, D. Wolinski, K. Kelley, S. Leone, H. S. Budd, T. Kaneko, Joel Goldstein, Y. C. Chen, S. Tkaczyk, David Stuart, Y. Kato, D. Neuberger, G. Guillian, M. Binkley, P. Gris, Alexei Safonov, M. G. Albrow, Douglas Benjamin, J. Guimaraes Da Costa, D. Tonelli, R. G. Feild, K. Terashi, P. S. Chang, J. B. Liu, James D. Olsen, S. Lusin, F. Happacher, P. T. Chang, Dario Bisello, A. Bhatti, C. Haber, Tong Gao, S. E. Kuhlmann, A. Menzione, Y. Seiya, Nicola Turini, A. T. Laasanen, Catherine Newman-Holmes, Jay Hauser, G. P. Yeh, I. V. Gorelov, T. Speer, J. Spalding, G. Chlachidze, G. P. Grim, Masaaki Tanaka, Tony Liss, P. Amaral, G. Piacentino, S. Worm, K. Borras, R. D. Field, D. Amidei, M. L. Chu, A. T. Goshaw, H. Minato, Mosè Mariotti, Paolo Calafiura, Teresa Rodrigo, K. Lee, W. C. Wester, F. Strumia, T. J. Phillips, S. Miscetti, S. Zucchelli, R. E. Blair, Andrea Sansoni, Ivan-Kresimir Furic, Christopher Neu, F. Rimondi, E. Brubaker, J. Strologas, P. de Barbaro, A. Gallas, J. F. de Troconiz, Y. Morita, P. Tamburello, J. Lys, S. Donati, J. Yoh, P. Gatti, M. E. Convery, P. F. Derwent, V. Nagaslaev, M. von der Mey, Hiroshi Ikeda, R. Roser, Ivan Vila, J. N. Bellinger, G. Bellettini, H. Bachacou, S. Baroiant, F. DeJongh, W. Ashmanskas, Robin Erbacher, W-M. Yao, O. Pukhov, Louis Lyons, G. Martignon, R. C. Webb, J.I. Friedman, M. Lancaster, A. Byon-Wagner, Tetsuo Arisawa, C. Hill, S. Errede, W. K. Sakumoto, N. B. Wallace, L. Demortier, Igor Volobouev, C. H. Wang, N. Eddy, R. J. Hollebeek, J. Wyss, Soo-Bong Kim, Andrew Beretvas, Timothy Knight Nelson, C. Grosso-Pilcher, Z. Wan, A. M. Lee, J. S. Miller, Kevin Burkett, Jacobo Konigsberg, Young Do Oh, J. Mayer, Beom Jun Kim, Richard Dante St Denis, A. Bodek, J. Iwai, W. H. Bell, G. Chiarelli, W. Hao, A. Ruiz, D. Toback, M. T. Cheng, R. D. Kennedy, M. M. Deninno, C. Yosef, Alessandro Cerri, B. Ward, Amitabh Lath, A. Brandl, T. Moulik, I.E. Chirikov-Zorin, A. Solodsky, A. G. Clark, B. A. Barnett, Giorgio Apollinari, A. Meyer, J. Siegrist, Kevin Einsweiler, T. Wilkes, John Huth, M. Dell'Orso, Teruki Kamon, A. J. Martin, L. Pondrom, E. Wicklund, Craig Blocker, C. R. Hall, J. W. Chapman, Kaori Maeshima, Mark Kruse, Luca Scodellaro, Guenakh Mitselmakher, J. E. Elias, T. Vaiciulis, Paul Tipton, K. L. Byrum, P. Wilson, P. N. Singh, M. Menguzzato, M. Tecchio, R. Vidal, Anna Zanetti, H. Kasha, H. Niu, N. Bruner, L. Rosenson, P. F. Shepard, S. H. Oh, Jane Nachtman, J. P. Fernandez, L. E. Kirsch, F. Ratnikov, P. Lukens, Jay Dittmann, D. Cauz, V. Papadimitriou, Daijin Kim, Michele Gallinaro, A. S. Thompson, A. Heiss, Itsuo Nakano, D. Dagenhart, J. Tseng, L. Groer, L. Pescara, Alan Garfinkel, J. Boudreau, M. Riveline, H. H. Williams, K. T. Pitts, G. Introzzi, A. Korn, A. Stefanini, Y. Bonushkin, David Saltzberg, D. Reher, P. McIntyre, J. Budagov, R. L. Lander, J. P. Berge, F. Azfar, D. E. Pellett, L. Christofek, T. Suzuki, C. Sanchez, Manfred Paulini, S. Blusk, Jochen Jens Heinrich, H. Nakada, A. Pompos, Sally Seidel, Saverio D'Auria, O. Lobban, Yongsun Kim, L. Santi, Shin-Shan Yu, A. Ribon, M. Mulhearn, W. Riegler, F. Ptohos, W. J. Robertson, T. Watanabe, W. Bokhari, M. Campbell, D. Waters, P. Giannetti, J. Lancaster, R. Handler, Y. S. Chung, S. Dell'Agnello, R. Cropp, S. Bailey, B. Flaugher, Michael Schmitt, J. Incandela, J. Conway, G. Pope, T. Affolder, A. Barbaro-Galtieri, D. Vucinic, F. Semeria, T. A. Keaffaber, F. Spinella, K. Kurino, I. Fiori, A. W. Scott, D. Partos, James Proudfoot, F. Palmonari, L. Malferrari, R. Thurman-Keup, Cyp Ngan, S. Nahn, E. Moore, Y. Iwata, Daniela Bortoletto, K. Takikawa, Clark, Allan Geoffrey, Kambara, Hisanori, Speer, Thomas, Strumia Michelini, Federica, and Wu, Xin

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Proton, Tevatron, General Physics and Astronomy, Particle accelerator, ddc:500.2, SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR, DIJET PRODUCTION, CDF, Gluon, law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, law, Pseudorapidity, SILICON VERTEX DETECTOR, DIJET PRODUCTION, CDF, Rapidity, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Fermilab, Nuclear Experiment, QC
Abstract

We report the first observation of diffractive $J/\psi(\to \mu^+\mu^-)$ production in $\bar pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$=1.8 TeV. Diffractive events are identified by their rapidity gap signature. In a sample of events with two muons of transverse momentum $p_T^{\mu}>2$ GeV/$c$ within the pseudorapidity region $|\eta, Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, using RevTeX. Submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2016

176. Measurement of the strong coupling constant from inclusive jet production at the Tevatron pp collider

Author

T. Affolder, H. Akimoto, A. Akopian, M. G. Albrow, P. Amaral, D. Amidei, K. Anikeev, J. Antos, G. Apollinari, T. Arisawa, A. Artikov, T. Asakawa, W. Ashmanskas, F. Azfar, P. Azzi-Bacchetta, N. Bacchetta, H. Bachacou, S. Bailey, P. de Barbaro, A. Barbaro-Galtieri, V. E. Barnes, B. A. Barnett, S. Baroiant, M. Barone, G. Bauer, F. Bedeschi, S. Belforte, W. H. Bell, G. Bellettini, J. Bellinger, D. Benjamin, J. Bensinger, A. Beretvas, J. P. Berge, J. Berryhill, A. Bhatti, M. Binkley, D. Bisello, M. Bishai, R. E. Blair, C. Blocker, K. Bloom, B. Blumenfeld, S. R. Blusk, A. Bocci, A. Bodek, W. Bokhari, G. Bolla, Y. Bonushkin, D. Bortoletto, J. Boudreau, A. Brandl, S. van den Brink, C. Bromberg, M. Brozovic, E. Brubaker, N. Bruner, E. Buckley-Geer, J. Budagov, H. S. Budd, K. Burkett, G. Busetto, A. Byon-Wagner, K. L. Byrum, S. Cabrera, P. Calafiura, M. Campbell, W. Carithers, J. Carlson, D. Carlsmith, W. Caskey, A. Castro, D. Cauz, A. Cerri, A. W. Chan, P. S. Chang, P. T. Chang, J. Chapman, C. Chen, Y. C. Chen, M.-T. Cheng, M. Chertok, G. Chiarelli, I. Chirikov-Zorin, G. Chlachidze, F. Chlebana, L. Christofek, M. L. Chu, Y. S. Chung, C. I. Ciobanu, A. G. Clark, A. P. Colijn, A. Connolly, M. Convery, J. Conway, M. Cordelli, J. Cranshaw, R. Cropp, R. Culbertson, D. Dagenhart, S. D'Auria, F. DeJongh, S. Dell'Agnello, M. Dell'Orso, S. Demers, L. Demortier, M. Deninno, P. F. Derwent, T. Devlin, J. R. Dittmann, A. Dominguez, S. Donati, J. Done, M. D'Onofrio, T. Dorigo, N. Eddy, K. Einsweiler, J. E. Elias, E. Engels, R. Erbacher, D. Errede, S. Errede, Q. Fan, H.-C. Fang, R. G. Feild, J. P. Fernandez, C. Ferretti, R. D. Field, I. Fiori, B. Flaugher, G. W. Foster, M. Franklin, J. Freeman, J. Friedman, Y. Fukui, I. Furic, S. Galeotti, A. Gallas, M. Gallinaro, T. Gao, M. Garcia-Sciveres, A. F. Garfinkel, P. Gatti, C. Gay, D. W. Gerdes, P. Giannetti, P. Giromini, V. Glagolev, D. Glenzinski, M. Gold, J. Goldstein, I. Gorelov, A. T. Goshaw, Y. Gotra, K. Goulianos, C. Green, G. Grim, P. Gris, L. Groer, C. Grosso-Pilcher, M. Guenther, G. Guillian, J. Guimaraes da Costa, R. M. Haas, C. Haber, S. R. Hahn, C. Hall, T. Handa, R. Handler, W. Hao, F. Happacher, K. Hara, A. D. Hardman, R. M. Harris, F. Hartmann, K. Hatakeyama, J. Hauser, J. Heinrich, A. Heiss, M. Herndon, C. Hill, K. D. Hoffman, C. Holck, R. Hollebeek, L. Holloway, B. T. Huffman, R. Hughes, J. Huston, J. Huth, H. Ikeda, J. Incandela, G. Introzzi, A. Ivanov, J. Iwai, Y. Iwata, E. James, M. Jones, U. Joshi, H. Kambara, T. Kamon, T. Kaneko, K. Karr, S. Kartal, H. Kasha, Y. Kato, T. A. Keaffaber, K. Kelley, M. Kelly, D. Khazins, T. Kikuchi, B. Kilminster, B. J. Kim, D. H. Kim, H. S. Kim, M. J. Kim, S. B. Kim, S. H. Kim, Y. K. Kim, M. Kirby, M. Kirk, L. Kirsch, S. Klimenko, P. Koehn, K. Kondo, J. Konigsberg, A. Korn, A. Korytov, E. Kovacs, J. Kroll, M. Kruse, S. E. Kuhlmann, K. Kurino, T. Kuwabara, A. T. Laasanen, N. Lai, S. Lami, S. Lammel, J. Lancaster, M. Lancaster, R. Lander, A. Lath, G. Latino, T. LeCompte, A. M. Lee, K. Lee, S. Leone, J. D. Lewis, M. Lindgren, T. M. Liss, J. B. Liu, Y. C. Liu, D. O. Litvintsev, O. Lobban, N. Lockyer, J. Loken, M. Loreti, D. Lucchesi, P. Lukens, S. Lusin, L. Lyons, J. Lys, R. Madrak, K. Maeshima, P. Maksimovic, L. Malferrari, M. Mangano, M. Mariotti, G. Martignon, A. Martin, J. A. J. Matthews, J. Mayer, P. Mazzanti, K. S. McFarland, P. McIntyre, E. McKigney, M. Menguzzato, A. Menzione, P. Merkel, C. Mesropian, A. Meyer, T. Miao, R. Miller, J. S. Miller, H. Minato, S. Miscetti, M. Mishina, G. Mitselmakher, Y. Miyazaki, N. Moggi, E. Moore, R. Moore, Y. Morita, T. Moulik, M. Mulhearn, A. Mukherjee, T. Muller, A. Munar, P. Murat, S. Murgia, J. Nachtman, V. Nagaslaev, S. Nahn, H. Nakada, I. Nakano, C. Nelson, T. Nelson, C. Neu, D. Neuberger, C. Newman-Holmes, C.-Y. P. Ngan, H. Niu, L. Nodulman, A. Nomerotski, S. H. Oh, Y. D. Oh, T. Ohmoto, T. Ohsugi, R. Oishi, T. Okusawa, J. Olsen, W. Orejudos, C. Pagliarone, F. Palmonari, R. Paoletti, V. Papadimitriou, D. Partos, J. Patrick, G. Pauletta, M. Paulini, C. Paus, D. Pellett, L. Pescara, T. J. Phillips, G. Piacentino, K. T. Pitts, A. Pompos, L. Pondrom, G. Pope, M. Popovic, F. Prokoshin, J. Proudfoot, F. Ptohos, O. Pukhov, G. Punzi, A. Rakitine, F. Ratnikov, D. Reher, A. Reichold, P. Renton, A. Ribon, W. Riegler, F. Rimondi, L. Ristori, M. Riveline, W. J. Robertson, A. Robinson, T. Rodrigo, S. Rolli, L. Rosenson, R. Roser, R. Rossin, C. Rott, A. Roy, A. Ruiz, A. Safonov, R. St. Denis, W. K. Sakumoto, D. Saltzberg, C. Sanchez, A. Sansoni, L. Santi, H. Sato, P. Savard, P. Schlabach, E. E. Schmidt, M. P. Schmidt, M. Schmitt, L. Scodellaro, A. Scott, A. Scribano, S. Segler, S. Seidel, Y. Seiya, A. Semenov, F. Semeria, T. Shah, M. D. Shapiro, P. F. Shepard, T. Shibayama, M. Shimojima, M. Shochet, A. Sidoti, J. Siegrist, A. Sill, P. Sinervo, P. Singh, A. J. Slaughter, K. Sliwa, C. Smith, F. D. Snider, A. Solodsky, J. Spalding, T. Speer, P. Sphicas, F. Spinella, M. Spiropulu, L. Spiegel, J. Steele, A. Stefanini, J. Strologas, F. Strumia, D. Stuart, K. Sumorok, T. Suzuki, T. Takano, R. Takashima, K. Takikawa, P. Tamburello, M. Tanaka, B. Tannenbaum, M. Tecchio, R. Tesarek, P. K. Teng, K. Terashi, S. Tether, A. S. Thompson, R. Thurman-Keup, P. Tipton, S. Tkaczyk, D. Toback, K. Tollefson, A. Tollestrup, D. Tonelli, H. Toyoda, W. Trischuk, J. F. de Troconiz, J. Tseng, N. Turini, F. Ukegawa, T. Vaiciulis, J. Valls, S. Vejcik, G. Velev, G. Veramendi, R. Vidal, I. Vila, R. Vilar, I. Volobouev, M. von der Mey, D. Vucinic, R. G. Wagner, R. L. Wagner, N. B. Wallace, Z. Wan, C. Wang, M. J. Wang, B. Ward, S. Waschke, T. Watanabe, D. Waters, T. Watts, R. Webb, H. Wenzel, W. C. Wester, A. B. Wicklund, E. Wicklund, T. Wilkes, H. H. Williams, P. Wilson, B. L. Winer, D. Winn, S. Wolbers, D. Wolinski, J. Wolinski, S. Wolinski, S. Worm, X. Wu, J. Wyss, W. Yao, G. P. Yeh, P. Yeh, J. Yoh, C. Yosef, T. Yoshida, I. Yu, S. Yu, Z. Yu, A. Zanetti, F. Zetti, S. Zucchelli, Clark, Allan Geoffrey, Kambara, Hisanori, Speer, Thomas, Strumia Michelini, Federica, and Wu, Xin

Subjects
Physics, Quantum chromodynamics, Coupling constant, Particle physics, General Physics and Astronomy, ddc:500.2, Gluon, Renormalization, Distribution function, Production (computer science), High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Energy (signal processing), Boson
Abstract

We report a measurement of the strong coupling constant, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}({M}_{Z})$, extracted from inclusive jet production in $p\overline{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}1800\mathrm{GeV}$. The QCD prediction for the evolution of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}$ with jet transverse energy ${E}_{T}$ is tested over the range $40l{E}_{T}l450\mathrm{GeV}$ using ${E}_{T}$ for the renormalization scale. The data show good agreement with QCD in the region below 250 GeV. The value of ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}$ at the mass of the ${Z}^{0}$ boson averaged over the range $40l{E}_{T}l250\mathrm{GeV}$ is found to be ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{s}({M}_{Z})\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}=\phantom{\rule{0ex}{0ex}}0.1178\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0001(\mathrm{stat}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.0095}^{+0.0081}(\mathrm{expt}.\mathrm{syst})$. The associated theoretical uncertainties are mainly due to the choice of renormalization scale $({+6%}{\ensuremath{-}4%})$ and input parton distribution functions $(5%)$.

Published
2016

177. Cosmic shear measurements with Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Author

A. Roodman, A. K. Romer, Darren L. DePoy, A. Fausti Neto, M. Sako, Marcos Lima, Andrina Nicola, D. L. Burke, J. Carretero, T. Kacprzak, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Andrey V. Kravtsov, Francisco J. Castander, G. Gutierrez, Alexandre Refregier, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, Cristiano G. Sabiu, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Joseph J. Mohr, J. P. Dietrich, A. A. Plazas, Gary Bernstein, Vinu Vikram, Diego Capozzi, A. Benoit-Lévy, M. T. Busha, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Carrasco Kind, Ofer Lahav, Eli S. Rykoff, David J. James, Michael Schubnell, Robert C. Nichol, William G. Hartley, Risa H. Wechsler, Matt J. Jarvis, Peter Doel, T. M. C. Abbott, Tim Eifler, Pablo Fosalba, V. Scarpine, Kevin Reil, Hiranya V. Peiris, Carles Sanchez, M. March, Enrique Gaztanaga, Oliver Friedrich, H. T. Diehl, Peter Melchior, E. J. Sanchez, R. C. Smith, David Bacon, Joe Zuntz, Daniel Gruen, Boris Leistedt, Robert Armstrong, A. H. Bauer, Niall MacCrann, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, E. Sheldon, Brandon M. S. Erickson, E. Bertin, Ramon Miquel, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Martin Crocce, Adam Amara, A. Carnero Rosell, C. Bonnett, Shantanu Desai, D. A. Finley, P. Martini, D. W. Gerdes, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. J. Thaler, Sarah Bridle, Scott Dodelson, Elisabeth Krause, Chihway Chang, Carlos E. Cunha, F. B. Abdalla, Donnacha Kirk, E. Fernandez, Alistair R. Walker, K. Honscheid, Marcelle Soares-Santos, C. J. Miller, Hee-Jong Seo, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Brian Nord, Gregory Tarle, M. A. G. Maia, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, Kyler Kuehn, Michael Troxel, and Tianjun Li

Subjects
IMPACT, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Physics, Particles & Fields, 0103 physical sciences, Sample variance, Statistical physics, COVARIANCE, NOISE BIAS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, QB, Physics, Science & Technology, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Covariance matrix, WEAK LENSING SURVEYS, GALAXY SHAPE MEASUREMENT, STATISTICS, SIMULATIONS, Galaxy, POLARIZATION POWER SPECTRA, MODEL, Physical Sciences, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Halo, MATTER, Jackknife resampling
Abstract

We present measurements of weak gravitational lensing cosmic shear two-point statistics using Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data. We demonstrate that our results are robust to the choice of shear measurement pipeline, either ngmix or im3shape, and robust to the choice of two-point statistic, including both real and Fourier-space statistics. Our results pass a suite of null tests including tests for B-mode contamination and direct tests for any dependence of the two-point functions on a set of 16 observing conditions and galaxy properties, such as seeing, airmass, galaxy color, galaxy magnitude, etc. We furthermore use a large suite of simulations to compute the covariance matrix of the cosmic shear measurements and assign statistical significance to our null tests. We find that our covariance matrix is consistent with the halo model prediction, indicating that it has the appropriate level of halo sample variance. We compare the same jackknife procedure applied to the data and the simulations in order to search for additional sources of noise not captured by the simulations. We find no statistically significant extra sources of noise in the data. The overall detection significance with tomography for our highest source density catalog is 9.7 sigma . Cosmological constraints from the measurements in this work are presented in a companion paper [DES et al., Phys. Rev. D 94, 022001 (2016).].

Published
2016

178. The Evolution of Active Galactic Nuclei in Clusters of Galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey

Author

Eli S. Rykoff, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, David J. Brooks, Eduardo Rozo, A. Carnero Rosell, D. L. Tucker, L. N. da Costa, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Shantanu Desai, V. Scarpine, Alistair R. Walker, H. T. Diehl, Joseph J. Mohr, Marcelle Soares-Santos, K. Honscheid, P. Rooney, T. M. C. Abbott, David J. James, Marcio A. G. Maia, E. J. Sanchez, Peter Melchior, A. A. Plazas, E. Bertin, J. Carretero, Carlos E. Cunha, Daniel Thomas, Daniel A. Goldstein, J. P. Dietrich, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, A. K. Romer, Kyler Kuehn, Paul Martini, Gregory Tarle, A. Fausti Neto, A. Benoit-Lévy, G. Gutierrez, Daniel Gruen, B. Flaugher, Nikolay Kuropatkin, D. W. Gerdes, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Tesla E. Jeltema, Ramon Miquel, D. L. Hollowood, Jennifer L. Marshall, F. B. Abdalla, Marcos Lima, R. C. Smith, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Carrasco Kind, Flavia Sobreira, Basilio X. Santiago, E. Bufanda, Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Arizona, Ohio State Univ, Natl Optic Astron Observ, UCL, Rhodes Univ, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Cambridge, Inst Astrophys Paris, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Lab Interinst E Astron LlneA, Observ Nacl, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, IEEC CSIC, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Excellence Cluster Univ, Univ Michigan, Univ Chicago, Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Australian Astron Observ, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Texas A&M Univ, Princeton Univ, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, CALTECH, Univ Sussex, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Univ Penn, Univ Portsmouth, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Active galactic nucleus, astro-ph.GA, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, galaxies: clusters. [X-rays], Astrophysics, X-rays galaxies clusters, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, X-rays galaxies, 0103 physical sciences, Deslocamento para o vermelho, Brightest cluster galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, astro-ph.HE, Physics, Luminous infrared galaxy, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Aglomerados de galaxias, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, galaxies [X-rays], Galáxias ativas, X-rays: galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, Galaxies active, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], Dark energy, Elliptical galaxy, galaxies: clusters [X-rays], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nucleo galatico
Abstract

The correlation between active galactic nuclei (AGN) and environment provides important clues to AGN fueling and the relationship of black hole growth to galaxy evolution. In this paper, we analyze the fraction of galaxies in clusters hosting AGN as a function of redshift and cluster richness for X-ray detected AGN associated with clusters of galaxies in Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification data. The present sample includes 33 AGN with L_X > 10^43 ergs s^-1 in non-central, host galaxies with luminosity greater than 0.5 L* from a total sample of 432 clusters in the redshift range of 0.10.7. This result is in good agreement with previous work and parallels the increase in star formation in cluster galaxies over the same redshift range. However, the AGN fraction in clusters is observed to have no significant correlation with cluster mass. Future analyses with DES Year 1 through Year 3 data will be able to clarify whether AGN activity is correlated to cluster mass and will tightly constrain the relationship between cluster AGN populations and redshift., Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS, added Table 3 listing AGN fraction down to lower L_X and low redshifts, other changes minor

Published
2016

179. Cosmology constraints from shear peak statistics in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Author

Laura Marian, Ofer Lahav, Joe Zuntz, Eli S. Rykoff, Tim Eifler, Gregory Tarle, A. Carnero Rosell, J. Carretero, R. C. Smith, Daniel A. Goldstein, K. Honscheid, V. Scarpine, B. Flaugher, Shantanu Desai, H. T. Diehl, Bhuvnesh Jain, J. P. Dietrich, David Bacon, E. Sheldon, W. G. Hartley, Sarah Bridle, Niall MacCrann, Jennifer L. Marshall, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Chihway Chang, Martin Crocce, M. Carrasco Kind, Peter Melchior, Yanming Zhang, D. L. Burke, Kyler Kuehn, Josh Frieman, Adam Amara, Robert C. Nichol, Gary Bernstein, F. B. Abdalla, Brian Nord, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, Jochen Weller, P. Martini, David Brooks, David J. James, M. E. C. Swanson, A. Roodman, G. Gutierrez, E. Bertin, S. Samuroff, Pablo Fosalba, V. Vikram, T. M. C. Abbott, A. A. Plazas, A. K. Romer, J. Aleksić, M. March, Robert A. Gruendl, Donnacha Kirk, E. J. Sanchez, Michael Troxel, Alistair R. Walker, A. Benoit-Lévy, A. Fausti Neto, M. Jarvis, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Ramon Miquel, C. B. D'Andrea, Daniel Thomas, T. Kacprzak, Elisabeth Krause, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. M. Huff, L. N. da Costa, Oliver Friedrich, Michael Schubnell, Joseph J. Mohr, Robert Armstrong, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, C. Bonnett, Alexandre Refregier, Andrina Nicola, Marcos Lima, R. A. Bernstein, C. J. Miller, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, and Francisco J. Castander

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), statistical [methods], Dark matter, Gravitational lensing formalism, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, Cosmology, Methods statistical, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Statistics, data analysis [methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], Shear (geology), Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, cosmological parameter, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Shear peak statistics has gained a lot of attention recently as a practical alternative to the two point statistics for constraining cosmological parameters. We perform a shear peak statistics analysis of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data, using weak gravitational lensing measurements from a 139 deg$^2$ field. We measure the abundance of peaks identified in aperture mass maps, as a function of their signal-to-noise ratio, in the signal-to-noise range $04$ would require significant corrections, which is why we do not include them in our analysis. We compare our results to the cosmological constraints from the two point analysis on the SV field and find them to be in good agreement in both the central value and its uncertainty. We discuss prospects for future peak statistics analysis with upcoming DES data., Comment: 21 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2016

180. CMB lensing tomography with the DES Science Verification galaxies

Author

Flavia Sobreira, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Peter Doel, Martin Crocce, H. T. Diehl, Jennifer L. Marshall, T. M. Crawford, Robert Crittenden, Robert Connon Smith, W. L. Holzapfel, A. H. Bauer, G. Simard, E. Fernandez, M. March, M. Carrasco Kind, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, L. N. da Costa, Robert C. Nichol, Peter Melchior, F. B. Abdalla, E. Bertin, K. T. Story, B. Soergel, C. L. Chang, Benjamin Saliwanchik, Gary Bernstein, A. Benoit-Lévy, J. Carretero, Brian Nord, M. Sako, Joshua A. Frieman, A. Roodman, Manda Banerji, Tommaso Giannantonio, Dragan Huterer, Vinu Vikram, G. Gutierrez, J. P. Dietrich, Enrique Gaztanaga, Bradford Benson, Robert Armstrong, B. Flaugher, Kyler Kuehn, D. L. Burke, Nikolay Kuropatkin, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, D. A. Finley, Elisabeth Krause, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, A. Fausti Neto, Tim Eifler, Jochen Weller, Marcos Lima, Ramon Miquel, Will J. Percival, T. M. C. Abbott, Antony A. Stark, Risa H. Wechsler, Joaquin Vieira, Gregory Tarle, Hiranya V. Peiris, Tianjun Li, Eli S. Rykoff, Ofer Lahav, E. J. Sanchez, A. Carnero Rosell, K. Honscheid, Scott Dodelson, Y. Omori, Carlos E. Cunha, Bhuvnesh Jain, R. A. Bernstein, Joe Zuntz, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, Shantanu Desai, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Darren L. DePoy, Ashley J. Ross, John E. Carlstrom, J. J. Thaler, A. A. Plazas, Diego Capozzi, Joseph J. Mohr, C. B. D'Andrea, Donnacha Kirk, Alistair R. Walker, Michael Schubnell, Christian L. Reichardt, Marcelle Soares-Santos, R. Cawthon, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, F. Elsner, Gilbert Holder, Francisco J. Castander, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, and Boris Leistedt

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), ANGULAR POWER SPECTRUM, Cosmic microwave background, Dark matter, STOCHASTIC BIAS, FOS: Physical sciences, cosmic background radiation, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, INTEGRATED SACHS-WOLFE, gravitational lensing: weak, weak [gravitational lensing], Observational cosmology, LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE, 0201 Astronomical and Space Sciences, 0103 physical sciences, 100 SQUARE DEGREES, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, Science & Technology, DARK ENERGY SURVEY, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift survey, ST/L000636/1, Redshift, CHALLENGE LIGHTCONE SIMULATION, South Pole Telescope, MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPIES, Space and Planetary Science, Physical Sciences, CROSS-CORRELATION, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, large-scale structure of Universe, ATACAMA COSMOLOGY TELESCOPE, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We measure the cross-correlation between the galaxy density in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification data and the lensing of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) as reconstructed with the Planck satellite and the South Pole Telescope (SPT). When using the DES main galaxy sample over the full redshift range $0.2 < z < 1.2$, a cross-correlation signal is detected at $6 \sigma$ and $4\sigma$ with SPT and Planck respectively. We then divide the DES galaxies into five photometric redshift bins, finding significant ($>$$2 \sigma$) detections in all bins. Comparing to the fiducial Planck cosmology, we find the redshift evolution of the signal matches expectations, although the amplitude is consistently lower than predicted across redshift bins. We test for possible systematics that could affect our result and find no evidence for significant contamination. Finally, we demonstrate how these measurements can be used to constrain the growth of structure across cosmic time. We find the data are fit by a model in which the amplitude of structure in the $z, Comment: 32 pages, 29 figures, minor modifications to match version published by MNRAS

Published
2016

181. The Phoenix stream:a cold stream in the Southern Hemisphere

Author

Kyler Kuehn, E. Suchyta, A. Benoit-Lévy, A. Carnero Rosell, N. P. Kuropatkin, David J. James, Alistair R. Walker, K. Honscheid, Marcelle Soares-Santos, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Robert A. Gruendl, Darren L. DePoy, M. Carrasco Kind, David Brooks, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Robert C. Nichol, E. Bertin, Gregory Tarle, Daniel Thomas, Brian Yanny, Shantanu Desai, D. L. Burke, Jennifer L. Marshall, Carlos Cunha, Douglas L. Tucker, Gary Bernstein, R. C. Smith, F. B. Abdalla, Eduardo Balbinot, D. A. Finley, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Adriano Pieres, Joshua A. Frieman, J. Carretero, M. S. Schubnell, Sahar S. Allam, Ramon Miquel, L. N. da Costa, J. Estrada, B. Flaugher, Flavia Sobreira, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, Daniel Gruen, T. M. C. Abbott, D. W. Gerdes, Ofer Lahav, E. J. Sanchez, and Tenglin Li

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Stellar population, astro-ph.GA, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, halo [Galaxy], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Southern Hemisphere, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, STFC, QB, Physics, Accretion (meteorology), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Orbit, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Globular cluster, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, Halo, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, structure [Galaxy]
Abstract

We report the discovery of a stellar stream in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1A1) data. The discovery was made through simple color-magnitude filters and visual inspection of the Y1A1 data. We refer to this new object as the Phoenix stream, after its resident constellation. After subtraction of the background stellar population we detect a clear signal of a simple stellar population. By fitting the ridge line of the stream in color-magnitude space, we find that a stellar population with age $\tau=11.5\pm0.5$ Gyr and $[Fe/H], Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to ApJ. See also Li et al. 2016 (ApJ...817..135L)

Published
2016

182. Galaxy clustering, photometric redshifts and diagnosis of systematics in the DES Science Verification data

Author

Tommaso Giannantonio, Gregory Tarle, Tim Eifler, J. J. Thaler, B. Flaugher, Kyler Kuehn, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Ofer Lahav, Robert J. Brunner, Carlos E. Cunha, Robert Connon Smith, K. Honscheid, R. Cawthon, G. Gutierrez, Boris Leistedt, Eric H. Neilsen, Nikolay Kuropatkin, J. Carretero, David J. James, Martin Crocce, Jochen Weller, M. Carrasco Kind, Eli S. Rykoff, M. Sako, H. T. Diehl, Robert C. Nichol, Pablo Fosalba, Brian Nord, T. M. C. Abbott, Hiranya V. Peiris, Daniel Thomas, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, A. A. Plazas, M. A. G. Maia, E. J. Sanchez, A. Carnero Rosell, A. H. Bauer, E. Fernandez, Francisco J. Castander, E. Buckley-Geer, Diego Capozzi, E. Suchyta, Risa H. Wechsler, D. L. Burke, Michael Schubnell, Marcos Lima, August E. Evrard, Joe Zuntz, Edward J. Kim, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ashley J. Ross, Alistair R. Walker, C. B. D'Andrea, Tianjun Li, A. Benoit-Lévy, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Marcelle Soares-Santos, C. Bonnett, Ramon Miquel, Carles Sanchez, Shantanu Desai, Enrique Gaztanaga, F. B. Abdalla, E. Bertin, Will J. Percival, A. K. Romer, Gary Bernstein, Paul Martini, Javier Sanchez, Daniel Gruen, William G. Hartley, A. Fausti Neto, Peter Melchior, D. A. Finley, Vinu Vikram, Rogerio Rosenfeld, D. W. Gerdes, C. J. Miller, Flavia Sobreira, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, L. N. da Costa, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, IEEC CSIC, Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Ohio State Univ, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Univ Illinois, Univ Cambridge, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Lab Interinst & E Astron LIneA, UCL, Observ Nacl, Univ Chicago, ETH, Univ Portsmouth, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Stanford Univ, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, Cerro Tololo Interamer Observ, Rhodes Univ, Univ Calif Berkeley, Univ Penn, CNRS, Univ Paris 06, Excellence Cluster Universe, Univ Munich, CALTECH, Univ Michigan, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Australian Astron Observ, Texas A&M Univ, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Univ Sussex, Univ Fed Rio Grande do Sul, Argonne Natl Lab, and Univ Manchester

Subjects
systematic effects, Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cold dark matter, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, symbols.namesake, 0103 physical sciences, surveys - cosmology, observations - large-scale structure of Universe, Planck, Galáxias, observations [Cosmology], Cluster analysis, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, QB, Mapeamentos astronômicos, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, photometric surveys, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies clustering, Galaxy, Redshift, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, symbols, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the clustering of galaxies detected at $i, Comment: 23 pages, 18 figures, matches the version published in MNRAS. MNRAS 455, 4301-4324 (2015)

Published
2016

183. Galaxies in X-ray selected clusters and groups in Dark Energy Survey Data. I. stellar mass growth of bright central galaxies since z~1.2

Author

E. Bertin, Flavia Sobreira, A. K. Romer, John P. Stott, Paul Martini, A. Fausti Neto, K. Honscheid, Gregory Tarle, Andrew R. Liddle, A. Carnero Rosell, F. J. Castander, Pedro T. P. Viana, Yanming Zhang, E. Suchyta, David Brooks, H. T. Diehl, Jennifer L. Marshall, T. M. C. Abbott, M. E. C. Swanson, David Bacon, Enrique Gaztanaga, August E. Evrard, Martin Makler, E. S. Rykoff, E. J. Sanchez, P. Doel, F. B. Abdalla, A. H. Bauer, M. Sako, Matt Hilton, D. L. Hollowood, Michael Schubnell, Timothy A. McKay, Shantanu Desai, J. Song, A. A. Plazas, J. J. Thaler, Robert C. Nichol, R. Das, Carlos E. Cunha, Ramon Miquel, A. Bermeo, Diego Capozzi, P. Fosalba, A. Roodman, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, E. Buckley-Geer, Joseph J. Mohr, I. Sevilla, C. J. Miller, L. N. da Costa, Marcelle Soares-Santos, R. Perfecto, Daniel Gruen, David J. James, D. W. Gerdes, R. L. C. Ogando, C. Hennig, Ofer Lahav, B. Flaugher, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Martin Sahlén, Chris A. Collins, Vinu Vikram, V. Scarpine, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, P. Rooney, Tesla E. Jeltema, Enrique J. Fernández, Scott T. Kay, D. L. Burke, Robert A. Gruendl, C. Papovich, Robert G. Mann, Robert Connon Smith, Tim Eifler, H. Wilcox, N. Mehrtens, A. Benoit-Lévy, Ben Hoyle, and M. A. G. Maia

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, astro-ph.GA, Model prediction, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], STFC, QB, Physics, groups: general [galaxies], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, X-ray, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Mass relation, ST/K00090X/1, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Using the science verification data of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) for a new sample of 106 X-Ray selected clusters and groups, we study the stellar mass growth of Bright Central Galaxies (BCGs) since redshift 1.2. Compared with the expectation in a semi-analytical model applied to the Millennium Simulation, the observed BCGs become under-massive/under-luminous with decreasing redshift. We incorporate the uncertainties associated with cluster mass, redshift, and BCG stellar mass measurements into analysis of a redshift-dependent BCG-cluster mass relation, $m_{*}\propto(\frac{M_{200}}{1.5\times 10^{14}M_{\odot}})^{0.24\pm 0.08}(1+z)^{-0.19\pm0.34}$, and compare the observed relation to the model prediction. We estimate the average growth rate since $z = 1.0$ for BCGs hosted by clusters of $M_{200, z}=10^{13.8}M_{\odot}$, at $z=1.0$: $m_{*, BCG}$ appears to have grown by $0.13\pm0.11$ dex, in tension at $\sim 2.5 \sigma$ significance level with the $0.40$ dex growth rate expected from the semi-analytic model. We show that the buildup of extended intra-cluster light after $z=1.0$ may alleviate this tension in BCG growth rates., Comment: Accepted to ApJ

Published
2016

184. The DES Science Verification weak lensing shear catalogues

Author

Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, T. Kacprzak, Michael Schubnell, Brian Nord, Eli S. Rykoff, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Tim Eifler, B. Flaugher, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Jarvis, C. B. D'Andrea, E. Sheldon, G. Gutierrez, Peter Melchior, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Darren L. DePoy, L. N. da Costa, S. Samuroff, A. Carnero Rosell, Peter Doel, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Joseph Clampitt, Marcos Lima, Barnaby Rowe, A. K. Romer, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Donnacha Kirk, David J. James, Joseph J. Mohr, Alistair R. Walker, K. Honscheid, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, H. T. Diehl, Michael Troxel, J. J. Thaler, A. Fausti Neto, Francisco J. Castander, E. M. Huff, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Joshua A. Frieman, Michael Hirsch, Pablo Fosalba, M. Carrasco Kind, J. Carretero, Kyler Kuehn, D. L. Burke, M. March, R. C. Smith, Niall MacCrann, J. P. Dietrich, Gregory Tarle, Robert Armstrong, M. Sako, Adam Amara, Kevin Reil, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, E. Suchyta, J. Annis, C. Bonnett, Carles Sanchez, Alexandre Refregier, Enrique Gaztanaga, Shantanu Desai, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, C. Gangkofner, Steve Kent, F. B. Abdalla, E. Bertin, A. A. Plazas, Diego Capozzi, Gary Bernstein, Bhuvnesh Jain, Vinu Vikram, V. Scarpine, Ofer Lahav, Eric H. Neilsen, Martin Crocce, P. Martini, Joe Zuntz, A. Benoit-Lévy, Risa H. Wechsler, Tianjun Li, A. Roodman, R. Das, Ramon Miquel, T. M. C. Abbott, E. J. Sanchez, Sarah Bridle, Chihway Chang, and Carlos E. Cunha

Subjects
Point spread function, Systematic error, Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, image processing [Techniques], observations [Cosmology], data analysis [Methods], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Weak gravitational lensing, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Geodesy, Catalogues, Galaxy, Shear (geology), Space and Planetary Science, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, weak [Gravitational lensing], astro-ph.IM, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present weak lensing shear catalogues for 139 square degrees of data taken during the Science Verification (SV) time for the new Dark Energy Camera (DECam) being used for the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We describe our object selection, point spread function estimation and shear measurement procedures using two independent shear pipelines, IM3SHAPE and NGMIX, which produce catalogues of 2.12 million and 3.44 million galaxies respectively. We detail a set of null tests for the shear measurements and find that they pass the requirements for systematic errors at the level necessary for weak lensing science applications using the SV data. We also discuss some of the planned algorithmic improvements that will be necessary to produce sufficiently accurate shear catalogues for the full 5-year DES, which is expected to cover 5000 square degrees., Accepted by MNRAS; 38 pages, 29 figures; v3: minor edits based on referee's comments, switched to mnras style, added figure 8, updated info about released catalogs

Published
2016

185. Crowdsourcing quality control for Dark Energy Survey images

Author

Erin S. Sheldon, V. Vikram, Martin Crocce, Joshua A. Frieman, Jennifer L. Marshall, V. Scarpine, A. A. Plazas, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, F. B. Abdalla, T. M. C. Abbott, Sahar S. Allam, A. Benoit-Lévy, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, E. Buckley-Geer, Eli S. Rykoff, M. Jarvis, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, M. A. G. Maia, Peter Doel, L. N. da Costa, M. Carrasco Kind, M. March, Alex Drlica-Wagner, D. A. Finley, Alistair R. Walker, A. Carnero Rosell, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Enrique Gaztanaga, J. Carretero, Robert A. Gruendl, Peter Melchior, R. C. Smith, Brian Nord, T. S. Li, K. Honscheid, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, A. K. Romer, William Wester, Kyler Kuehn, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, E. J. Sanchez, David J. James, Shantanu Desai, Gregory Tarle, Yuanyuan Zhang, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC )

Subjects
Computer science, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], media_common.quotation_subject, Data management, AST-1138766, humna-centered computing, FOS: Physical sciences, Surveys, information systems, 050905 science studies, Crowdsourcing, 01 natural sciences, World Wide Web, surveys, Information systems: Crowdsourcing, 0103 physical sciences, Collaborative filtering, Information system, Web application, Quality (business), Set (psychology), Human-centered computing: Collaborative filtering, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), STFC, QB, media_common, business.industry, 05 social sciences, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Computer Science Applications, Space and Planetary Science, collaborative filtering, crowdsourcing, 0509 other social sciences, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Host (network)
Abstract

We have developed a crowdsourcing web application for image quality control employed by the Dark Energy Survey. Dubbed the "DES exposure checker", it renders science-grade images directly to a web browser and allows users to mark problematic features from a set of predefined classes. Users can also generate custom labels and thus help identify previously unknown problem classes. User reports are fed back to hardware and software experts to help mitigate and eliminate recognized issues. We report on the implementation of the application and our experience with its over 100 users, the majority of which are professional or prospective astronomers but not data management experts. We discuss aspects of user training and engagement, and demonstrate how problem reports have been pivotal to rapidly correct artifacts which would likely have been too subtle or infrequent to be recognized otherwise. We conclude with a number of important lessons learned, suggest possible improvements, and recommend this collective exploratory approach for future astronomical surveys or other extensive data sets with a sufficiently large user base. We also release open-source code of the web application and host an online demo version at http://des-exp-checker.pmelchior.net, Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Computing

Published
2016

186. The Pan-STARRS 1 Discoveries of five new Neptune Trojans

Author

Matthew J. Holman, Richard J. Wainscoat, William S. Burgett, John L. Tonry, Larry Denneau, Ying-Tung Chen, D. W. Gerdes, Hsing Wen Lin, Christopher Waters, Allyson Bieryla, Eugene A. Magnier, Wing-Huen Ip, Nick Kaiser, Wen Ping Chen, Pedro Lacerda, Wesley C. Fraser, Z. F. Sie, Robert Jedicke, and Matthew J. Payne

Subjects
Physics, Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP), Solar System, education.field_of_study, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Pipeline (computing), Population, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, general [Kuiper belt], Astronomy and Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, surveys, Neptune, Asteroid, Trojan, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, general [minor planets, asteroids], Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

In this work we report the detection of seven Neptune Trojans (NTs) in the Pan-STARRS 1 (PS1) survey. Five of these are new discoveries, consisting of four L4 Trojans and one L5 Trojan. Our orbital simulations show that the L5 Trojan stably librates for only several million years. This suggests that the L5 Trojan must be of recent capture origin. On the other hand, all four new L4 Trojans stably occupy the 1:1 resonance with Neptune for more than 1 Gyr. They can, therefore, be of primordial origin. Our survey simulation results show that the inclination width of the Neptune Trojan population should be between $7^{\circ}$ and $27^{\circ}$ at $>$ 95% confidence, and most likely $\sim 11^{\circ}$. In this paper, we describe the PS1 survey, the Outer Solar System pipeline, the confirming observations, and the orbital/physical properties of the new Neptune Trojans., 24 pages, 6 figures, AJ accepted

Published
2016
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187. Galaxy bias from galaxy-galaxy lensing in the DES Science Verification Data

Author

J. Prat, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, G. Gutierrez, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, Joseph Clampitt, Marcos Lima, Joe Zuntz, Daniel Gruen, Matt J. Jarvis, Kyler Kuehn, Tim Eifler, David J. Brooks, Jennifer L. Marshall, Flavia Sobreira, A. Benoit-Lévy, Enrique Gaztanaga, E. Bertin, D. W. Gerdes, V. Scarpine, B. Flaugher, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, Brian Nord, Daniel Thomas, A. A. Plazas, Shantanu Desai, L. N. da Costa, Felipe Menanteau, M. Carrasco Kind, D. L. Burke, A. K. Romer, F. J. Castander, Michael Schubnell, E. Suchyta, Joshua A. Frieman, August E. Evrard, Robert A. Gruendl, Martin Crocce, C. Bonnett, Adam Amara, Darren L. DePoy, W. G. Hartley, J. Annis, T. M. C. Abbott, A. Fausti Neto, Kevin Reil, E. J. Sanchez, Jonathan Blazek, A. Carnero Rosell, Filipe B. Abdalla, Peter Melchior, Sarah Bridle, K. Honscheid, Ofer Lahav, J. Carretero, J. Kwan, Daniel A. Goldstein, A. Roodman, Tommaso Giannantonio, Ramon Miquel, C. Sánchez, Will J. Percival, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Niall MacCrann, Erin Sheldon, M. E. C. Swanson, Ashley J. Ross, G. Tarle, R. C. Smith, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Dark matter, Cosmic microwave background, AST-1138766, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Bin, gravitational lensing: weak, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, STFC, obervations [cosmology], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, HEFCE, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], Galaxy, Redshift, large scale structure of Universe, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present a measurement of galaxy-galaxy lensing around a magnitude-limited ($i_{AB} < 22.5$) sample of galaxies from the Dark Energy Survey Science Verification (DES-SV) data. We split these lenses into three photometric-redshift bins from 0.2 to 0.8, and determine the product of the galaxy bias $b$ and cross-correlation coefficient between the galaxy and dark matter overdensity fields $r$ in each bin, using scales above 4 Mpc/$h$ comoving, where we find the linear bias model to be valid given our current uncertainties. We compare our galaxy bias results from galaxy-galaxy lensing with those obtained from galaxy clustering (Crocce et al. 2016) and CMB lensing (Giannantonio et al. 2016) for the same sample of galaxies, and find our measurements to be in good agreement with those in Crocce et al. (2016), while, in the lowest redshift bin ($z\sim0.3$), they show some tension with the findings in Giannantonio et al. (2016). We measure $b\cdot r$ to be $0.87\pm 0.11$, $1.12 \pm 0.16$ and $1.24\pm 0.23$, respectively for the three redshift bins of width $\Delta z = 0.2$ in the range $0.2, Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, matches the version accepted by MNRAS

Published
2016
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188. Cosmology from large scale galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing with Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Author

A. A. Plazas, Vinu Vikram, Gregory Tarle, Martin Crocce, C. B. D'Andrea, Ramon Miquel, Jonathan Blazek, C. Sánchez, Kevin Reil, Donnacha Kirk, Eli S. Rykoff, A. Roodman, M. Jarvis, Tommaso Giannantonio, Enrique Gaztanaga, D. A. Finley, Scott Dodelson, Alistair R. Walker, T. Kacprzak, P. Martini, Enrique Fernández, Carlos E. Cunha, V. Scarpine, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Eduardo Rozo, William G. Hartley, M. A. G. Maia, A. Carnero Rosell, Youngsoo Park, D. L. Burke, Joseph Clampitt, J. P. Dietrich, Marcos Lima, Daniel Gruen, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, T. M. C. Abbott, Peter Melchior, Risa H. Wechsler, K. Honscheid, G. Gutierrez, C. Bonnett, David Brooks, M. E. C. Swanson, Gary Bernstein, D. W. Gerdes, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, E. J. Sanchez, Jennifer L. Marshall, A. Benoit-Lévy, Joe Zuntz, Kyler Kuehn, Joseph DeRose, Ofer Lahav, Joseph J. Mohr, L. N. da Costa, B. Flaugher, Elisabeth Krause, Daniel Thomas, E. Sheldon, F. B. Abdalla, Tim Eifler, M. Carrasco Kind, Ashley J. Ross, J. Kwan, Robert C. Nichol, Michael Troxel, Adam Amara, Joshua A. Frieman, Peter Doel, H. T. Diehl, Brian Nord, Niall MacCrann, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, Bhuvnesh Jain, Shantanu Desai, David J. James, Pablo Fosalba, A. K. Romer, R. C. Smith, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DES, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Univ Penn, Barcelona Inst Sci & Technol, Ohio State Univ, IEEC CSIC, Univ Manchester, ETH, Stanford Univ, Fermilab Natl Accelerator Lab, Univ Chicago, CALTECH, Univ Cambridge, SLAC Natl Accelerator Lab, UCL, Inst Catalana Recerca & Estudis Avancats, Univ Arizona, Brookhaven Natl Lab, Natl Opt Astron Observ, Rhodes Univ, CNRS, UPMC Univ Paris 06, Lab Interinst E Astron LIneA, Observ Nacl, Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Univ Portsmouth, Univ Southampton, Excellence Cluster Universe, Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen, Univ Michigan, Australian Astron Observ, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Texas A&M Univ, Princeton Univ, Max Planck Inst Extraterr Phys, Univ Sussex, Ctr Invest Energet Medioambientales & Tecnol CIEM, Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, and Argonne Natl Lab

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Library science, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, gravitational lensing: weak, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, media_common.cataloged_instance, European union, cosmological parameters, Astronomy observatory, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Fundamental physics, astro-ph.CO, Christian ministry, large-scale structure of Universe, National laboratory, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present cosmological constraints from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) using a combined analysis of angular clustering of red galaxies and their cross-correlation with weak gravitational lensing of background galaxies. We use a 139 square degree contiguous patch of DES data from the Science Verification (SV) period of observations. Using large scale measurements, we constrain the matter density of the Universe as Omega_m = 0.31 +/- 0.09 and the clustering amplitude of the matter power spectrum as sigma_8 = 0.74 +/- 0.13 after marginalizing over seven nuisance parameters and three additional cosmological parameters. This translates into S_8 = sigma_8(Omega_m/0.3)^{0.16} = 0.74 +/- 0.12 for our fiducial lens redshift bin at 0.35, Comment: 18 pages, 13 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2016
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189. Reducing zero-point systematics in dark energy supernova experiments

Author

Chris Stoughton, Albert Stebbins, William Carithers, Ramon Miquel, Susana E. Deustua, David Tucker, Natalia Connolly, D. W. Gerdes, Eric V. Linder, Alain Bonissent, Gary Bernstein, Shawn McKee, Matthew Brown, G. Kushner, Hemant Shukla, Nick Mostek, Lorenzo Faccioli, L. Gladney, Jodi L. Christiansen, Alex G. Kim, Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), RENOIR, and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic distance ladder, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Scalar field dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Zero-point energy, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Redshift, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Supernova, 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Dark energy, Satellite, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We study the effect of filter zero-point uncertainties on future supernova dark energy missions. Fitting for calibration parameters using simultaneous analysis of all Type Ia supernova standard candles achieves a significant improvement over more traditional fit methods. This conclusion is robust under diverse experimental configurations (number of observed supernovae, maximum survey redshift, inclusion of additional systematics). This approach to supernova fitting considerably eases otherwise stringent mission calibration requirements. As an example we simulate a space-based mission based on the proposed JDEM satellite; however the method and conclusions are general and valid for any future supernova dark energy mission, ground or space-based., 30 pages,8 figures, 5 table, one reference added, submitted to Astroparticle Physics

Published
2011

190. Search for new color-octet vector particle decaying to tt¯ in pp¯ collisions at s=1.96 TeV

Author

Joe Kroll, Jochen Jens Heinrich, Chris Hays, M. Giunta, G. A. Thompson, Monica D'Onofrio, C. P. Marino, E. Rogers, Marcelo Vogel, C. Plager, Shih-Chieh Hsu, J. Nett, Mario Campanelli, N. Krumnack, K. S. McFarland, M. Mathis, D. Hare, Stefano Giagu, S. Z. Shalhout, J. Deng, Jonas Rademacker, G. Latino, Alexei Safonov, J. D. Lewis, Alberto Annovi, S. Shiraishi, V. Khotilovich, Y. Seiya, J. Mülmenstädt, H. W. Kim, Kyung-Suk Cho, R. E. Hughes, T. Rodriguez, Petar Maksimovic, Thorsten Chwalek, S. Kwang, V. A. Giakoumopoulou, Massimo Casarsa, K. Kondo, D. J. Cox, A. Di Canto, M. Kurata, Andrew Ivanov, Ivan-Kresimir Furic, Y. D. Oh, M. Hurwitz, P. H. Beauchemin, M. Campbell, Jason Nielsen, B. Casal, S. R. Hahn, Daniela Bortoletto, P. E. Karchin, S. Carrillo, G. Pauletta, D. W. Jang, B. Jayatilaka, Jeannine Wagner-Kuhr, C. Pagliarone, Stanislav Tokár, P. Movilla Fernandez, J. P. Chou, Y. S. Chung, Roman Lysak, A. A. Paramanov, C. Calancha, M. Iori, S. Amerio, K. K. Joo, R. F. Harr, D. Krop, A. Sedov, B. Whitehouse, S. Y. Jun, L. Lovas, M. Gold, J. M. Heuser, G. Velev, R. Kephart, R. Culbertson, O. Norniella, S. W. Lee, P. Ttito-Guzmán, Je Jung, D. Amidei, S. Wilbur, W. Johnson, A. Simonenko, P. Garosi, Adrian Buzatu, V. Boisvert, B. Di Ruzza, Elliot Lipeles, N. Moggi, A. T. Goshaw, Rainer Wallny, L. Sartori, S. Lami, S. Somalwar, Deepak Kar, A. J. Martin, C. Vellidis, M. N. Mondragon, Tara Shears, C. A. Cox, J. Lueck, Chi Lin, M. Weinberger, W. H. Chung, V. Papadimitriou, F. Bedeschi, K. Makhoul, Manfred Paulini, N. Van Remortel, Chuan-Ming Liu, Thomas LeCompte, C. Wolfe, A. Menzione, D. E. Pellett, S. Pashapour, A. Apresyan, G. Punzi, L. Pondrom, E. Wicklund, P. Roy, Z. Gunay-Unalan, P. J. Bussey, Intae Yu, A. Bridgeman, E. Brubaker, R. Martínez-Ballarín, Thomas Peiffer, Frank Chlebana, S. Cabrera, F. Ptohos, H. H. Williams, J. R. Smith, G. B. Yu, M. D'Errico, F. Garberson, Mauro Dell'Orso, J. Asaadi, Avraham Yagil, Andrew Beretvas, J. Keung, D. Torretta, Y. Tu, H. C. Fang, S. R. Hou, C. Haber, T. Kuhr, Robin Erbacher, M. Datta, W-M. Yao, A. Canepa, S. Errede, Yasuyoshi Nagai, Francesco Crescioli, K. Gibson, P. B. Renton, S. S. Yu, Emily Nurse, K. Potamianos, S. Budd, Paul Lujan, MarioPaolo Giordani, S. Richter, A. Scribano, Giovanni Bellettini, Stephan Lammel, Lucio Cerrito, E. James, Naoki Kimura, Michal Kreps, S. Torre, S. Seidel, O. Poukhov, L. Pinera, J. Yamaoka, A. Attal, R. Madrak, Robert Snihur, S. Malde, C. Mesropian, A. Aurisano, J. Slaunwhite, Antonio Boveia, X. Zhang, N. Giokaris, J. C. Yun, Oliver Stelzer-Chilton, Yongsun Kim, C. Deluca, Fabrizio Scuri, G. Williams, J. Naganoma, J. E. Kim, Eva Halkiadakis, M. Corbo, Y. C. Chen, I. Shreyber, Malte Renz, M. P. Schmidt, R. Carosi, P. Catastini, Sergo Jindariani, A. Schmidt, G. Compostella, J. Budagov, E. J. Jeon, A. Sukhanov, M. E. Mattson, Y. Takeuchi, A. Semenov, A. Pronko, C. S. Moon, A. Rahaman, W. Ketchum, Y. Zeng, Ulysses Grundler, M. Cordelli, G. Busetto, Brian L Winer, A. Taffard, A. Mitra, J. N. Bellinger, C. I. Ciobanu, P. Totaro, J. Lys, R. Roser, Ivan Vila, Maxwell Chertok, D. Lucchesi, Bernd Stelzer, A. N. Sisakyan, Corrinne Mills, R. G. Wagner, B. Y. Han, L. Brigliadori, R. Forrest, L. Santi, Giorgio Chiarelli, D. Clark, Maria Agnese Ciocci, C. Bromberg, A. Deisher, S. Carron, Duncan Carlsmith, Kevin Lannon, R. L. Lander, T. Tomura, Michael Schmitt, H. S. Budd, N. Turini, A. Artikov, M. Hartz, D. Waters, J. Morlock, S. Pagan Griso, J. Patrick, M. Lindgren, J. S. H. Lee, B. Rutherford, I. Bizjak, W. Badgett, G. Flanagan, J. Conway, E. Lee, M. Stanitzki, Fumihiko Ukegawa, Guenakh Mitselmakher, Kevin Burkett, A. Loginov, A. B. Wicklund, A. Barbaro-Galtieri, T. R. Junk, G. L. Strycker, D. Mietlicki, Tiehui Liu, Tomoko Yoshida, S. Behari, J. Boudreau, A. Elagin, Jay Dittmann, Virgil E Barnes, M. A. Schmidt, S. Neubauer, M. J. Shochet, S. Y. Tsai, L. Sexton-Kennedy, Roger Moore, D. O. Litvintsev, G. P. Di Giovanni, U. K. Yang, Wolfgang Wagner, D. Cauz, S. Moed, D. Hirschbuehl, E. E. Schmidt, D. Stentz, D. Dagenhart, Guillelmo Gomez-Ceballos, J. Antos, M. Heck, H. Miyake, Matthew Herndon, D. Beecher, Peter Wagner, K. Tollefson, M. K. Jha, G. Manca, Maxim Goncharov, E. Pueschel, P. Mehtala, Sooran Kim, F. Happacher, M. Mussini, Pavol Bartos, Koji Nakamura, T. Wright, L. Demortier, Vyacheslav Krutelyov, A. Savoy-Navarro, Michele Gallinaro, J. Strologas, A. Gresele, P. Sinervo, S. Dube, P. N. Dong, W. C. Wester, A. Papaikonomou, M. Hussein, S. Rolli, Benjamin Kilminster, Dario Bisello, M. E. Convery, Luca Scodellaro, A. Bhatti, T. Aaltonen, M. Trovato, K. L. Byrum, Frank Würthwein, M. J. Kim, Dean Hidas, S. Zucchelli, R. St. Denis, Peter Wittich, P. Giromini, S. Donati, Kenichi Hatakeyama, P. Murat, Barry Blumenfeld, C. Paus, M. Franklin, Elisabetta Pianori, A. V. Kotwal, F. Vázquez, M. Shimojima, K. Osterberg, M. M. Deninno, G. Giurgiu, Jahred Adelman, T. Miao, L. Ristori, M. Feindt, B. Brau, Koji Sato, D. Chokheli, R. E. Blair, Anna Zanetti, V. V. Glagolev, F. Rimondi, L. Nodulman, K. Ebina, M. Rescigno, P. Schlabach, S. De Cecco, J. P. Fernandez, Joe Incandela, E. Palencia, Aldo Penzo, Koji Yamamoto, Y. Shon, A. Manousakis-Katsikakis, A. G. Clark, P. K. Teng, L. E. Kirsch, T. Wakisaka, Thomas Schwarz, G. Bauer, M. J. Morello, Christopher Neu, Ricardo Eusebi, L. Oakes, Jane Nachtman, A. Hocker, F. D. Snider, Federico Sforza, J. Y. Han, J. C. Freeman, A. Gessler, A. Ruiz, J. C. Cully, Aron Soha, D. J. Kong, V. Rusu, V. Cavaliere, N. Ranjan, S. Wolbers, W. Ashmanskas, Sudhir Malik, M. Vidal, B. Carls, V. Sorin, P. Lukens, Mark Kruse, Alison Lister, D. W. Gerdes, Tetsuo Arisawa, S. Tourneur, J. Linacre, Paul Tipton, Xin Wu, M. Lancaster, A. T. Laasanen, F. Canelli, R. McNulty, M. Hare, P. Barria, Daijin Kim, Ignacio Redondo, Hyun-Chul Kim, Sebastian Grinstein, B. Parks, James Russ, Kohei Yorita, D. Glenzinski, J. Galyardt, J. Thome, J. L. Gimmell, W. T. Fedorko, M. Tecchio, Igor Volobouev, J. Yoh, K. Yi, Fabrizio Margaroli, A. Varganov, M. Martinez, H. Wolfe, Andreas Warburton, M. Jones, S. Tkaczyk, N. S. Lockyer, K. T. Pitts, E. Thomson, Roberto Rossin, R. G. Feild, Michael L. Norman, Julia Thom, J. Pursley, J. S. Suh, N. Ershaidat, G. P. Yeh, Amitabh Lath, R. L. Wagner, Anna Sfyrla, Paola Giannetti, B. A. Barnett, Giorgio Apollinari, Satoru Uozumi, K. Goulianos, A. Napier, Andrew Mehta, Jacobo Konigsberg, P. de Barbaro, Teresa Rodrigo, D. Toback, Teruki Kamon, Craig Blocker, C. Ferrazza, T. J. Phillips, Song-Ming Wang, F. Azfar, Kaori Maeshima, H. S. Lee, Paolo Mastrandrea, Stefano Camarda, Daniel Whiteson, N. P. Kulkarni, V. Ramakrishnan, I. Lazzizzera, Aidan Robson, D. P. Benjamin, D. Errede, P. Wilson, J. E. Garcia, Matteo Cavalli-Sforza, Y. Kato, J. Guimaraes Da Costa, D. Tonelli, Gervasio Gomez, I. V. Gorelov, M. A. Houlden, A. Anastassov, Andrey Korytov, J. Weinelt, I. Suslov, S. Hewamanage, Sinead Farrington, G. Introzzi, R. Takashima, A. Bodek, M. Binkley, A. Golossanov, Shih-Fu Chang, Alessandro Cerri, Y. Zheng, Jian Tang, S. H. Kim, Javier Cuevas, G. Chlachidze, C. Cuenca Almenar, Th. Müller, K. Sliwa, S. Klimenko, G. Piacentino, P. Squillacioti, Kazuhiko Hara, N. Miladinovic, Andrea Castro, Fedor Prokoshin, A. J. Slaughter, T. Okusawa, P. Mazzanti, V. Martin, Markus Frank, D. MacQueen, H. Gerberich, G. De Lorenzo, J. Huston, M. Milnik, Mark Neubauer, R. Orava, U. Husemann, B. Álvarez González, G. Lungu, R. D. Field, C. M. Ginsburg, P. F. Shepard, S. H. Oh, K. Chung, R. J. Miller, A. Mukherjee, Reisaburo Tanaka, Guido Volpi, M. Rossi, O. González, Andrea Bocci, Tommaso Dorigo, R. Vilar, Y. C. Yang, E. Vataga, H. Saarikko, Itsuo Nakano, Alan Garfinkel, P. McIntyre, T. Davies, C. S. Hill, Sandra Leone, W. K. Sakumoto, C. Grosso-Pilcher, I. Oksuzian, and N. Goldschmidt

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Top quark, Particle physics, Mass distribution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Lattice, Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Tevatron, Jet (particle physics), 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Gluon, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Invariant mass, Fermilab, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

We present the result of a search for a massive color-octet vector particle, (e.g. a massive gluon) decaying to a pair of top quarks in proton–antiproton collisions with a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. This search is based on 1.9 fb − 1 of data collected using the CDF detector during Run II of the Tevatron at Fermilab. We study t t ¯ events in the lepton + jets channel with at least one b-tagged jet. A massive gluon is characterized by its mass, decay width, and the strength of its coupling to quarks. These parameters are determined according to the observed invariant mass distribution of top quark pairs. We set limits on the massive gluon coupling strength for masses between 400 and 800 GeV / c 2 and width-to-mass ratios between 0.05 and 0.50. The coupling strength of the hypothetical massive gluon to quarks is consistent with zero within the explored parameter space.

Published
2010

191. Withdrawn as Duplicate: Survey geometry and the internal consistency of recent cosmic shear measurements

Author

V. Scarpine, N. MacCrann, J. Prat, R. L. C. Ogando, Martin Crocce, G. Gutierrez, A. Carnero Rosell, Erin Sheldon, Elisabeth Krause, A. Chen, W. G. Hartley, David J. Brooks, A. A. Plazas, K. Honscheid, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, S. Samuroff, David J. James, Daniel Gruen, J. Carretero, Joshua A. Frieman, J. De Vicente, K. Kuehn, Felipe Menanteau, D. W. Gerdes, Flavia Sobreira, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Juan Garcia-Bellido, Dragan Huterer, J. Zuntz, Marcos Lima, M. Gatti, J. Annis, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Carrasco Kind, O. Lahav, P. Fosalba, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, Matt J. Jarvis, F. Lacasa, Ramon Miquel, M. March, P. Vielzeuf, Ben Hoyle, Joseph J. Mohr, Risa H. Wechsler, Salcedo Romero de Ávila, B. Flaugher, Carles Sanchez, Enrique Gaztanaga, M. N. K. Smith, A. Roodman, Daniel B. Thomas, D. L. Hollowood, H. T. Diehl, C. L. Davis, Michael Troxel, P. Doel, M. H.L.S. Wang, C. B. D'Andrea, E. Bertin, T. F. Eifler, R. H. Schindler, F. B. Abdalla, J. DeRose, D. Kirk, J. Gschwend, E. J. Sanchez, Tenglin Li, Scott Dodelson, Carlos E. Cunha, Oliver Friedrich, H. V. Peiris, P. Lemos, D. L. Burke, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, and C. L. Chang

Subjects
Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Shear (geology), Space and Planetary Science, Internal consistency, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mechanics, Astrophysics
Published
2018

192. ArborZ: PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS USING BOOSTED DECISION TREES

Author

Jiangang Hao, A. Sypniewski, D. W. Gerdes, Michael T. Busha, Timothy A. McKay, Matthew Weis, and Risa H. Wechsler

Subjects
Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Probability density function, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Outlier, Dark energy, Alternating decision tree, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, media_common
Abstract

Precision photometric redshifts will be essential for extracting cosmological parameters from the next generation of wide-area imaging surveys. In this paper we introduce a photometric redshift algorithm, ArborZ, based on the machine-learning technique of Boosted Decision Trees. We study the algorithm using galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and from mock catalogs intended to simulate both the SDSS and the upcoming Dark Energy Survey. We show that it improves upon the performance of existing algorithms. Moreover, the method naturally leads to the reconstruction of a full probability density function (PDF) for the photometric redshift of each galaxy, not merely a single "best estimate" and error, and also provides a photo-z quality figure-of-merit for each galaxy that can be used to reject outliers. We show that the stacked PDFs yield a more accurate reconstruction of the redshift distribution N(z). We discuss limitations of the current algorithm and ideas for future work., 10 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ

Published
2010

193. PRECISION MEASUREMENTS OF THE CLUSTER RED SEQUENCE USING AN ERROR-CORRECTED GAUSSIAN MIXTURE MODEL

Author

Jiangang Hao, Timothy A. McKay, August E. Evrard, Benjamin P. Koester, Eduardo Rozo, Michael T. Busha, James Annis, Erin S. Sheldon, Matthew R. Becker, Eli S. Rykoff, D. W. Gerdes, David E. Johnston, and Risa H. Wechsler

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Statistics - Computation, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Computation (stat.CO), Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Sequence (medicine), Physics, Observational error, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mixture model, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, 3. Good health, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The red sequence is an important feature of galaxy clusters and plays a crucial role in optical cluster detection. Measurement of the slope and scatter of the red sequence are affected both by selection of red sequence galaxies and measurement errors. In this paper, we describe a new error corrected Gaussian Mixture Model for red sequence galaxy identification. Using this technique, we can remove the effects of measurement error and extract unbiased information about the intrinsic properties of the red sequence. We use this method to select red sequence galaxies in each of the 13,823 clusters in the maxBCG catalog, and measure the red sequence ridgeline location and scatter of each. These measurements provide precise constraints on the variation of the average red galaxy populations in the observed frame with redshift. We find that the scatter of the red sequence ridgeline increases mildly with redshift, and that the slope decreases with redshift. We also observe that the slope does not strongly depend on cluster richness. Using similar methods, we show that this behavior is mirrored in a spectroscopic sample of field galaxies, further emphasizing that ridgeline properties are independent of environment., Comment: 33 pages, 14 Figures; A typo in Eq.A11 is fixed. The C++/Python codes for ECGMM can be downloaded from: https://sites.google.com/site/jiangangecgmm/

Published
2009

194. Bringing the Classroom to the Web: Effects of Using New Technologies to Capture and Deliver Lectures

Author

Eric L. Dey, D. W. Gerdes, and Helen Burn

Subjects
Multimedia, Higher education, business.industry, Emerging technologies, Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Distance education, Educational technology, Context (language use), computer.software_genre, Education, World Wide Web, Presentation, ComputingMilieux_COMPUTERSANDEDUCATION, The Internet, business, computer, Internet video, media_common
Abstract

Technology expands instructional options for faculty, and this study examines the differential learning effects of offering a lecture on physics to students in a traditional classroom versus internet video formats. Based on an experiment conducted in a natural educational context, results indicate enhanced transfer of lecture information in the video formats relative to the live condition, with students also responding more positively to personalized video presentation.

Published
2009

195. The dark energy camera

Author

P. Doel, A. A. Plazas, Kevin Reil, R. H. Schindler, J.-P. Rheault, Douglas L. Tucker, A. Roodman, Armin Karcher, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, L. Beaufore, B. Yanny, G. Gutierrez, R. Schmitt, H. Cease, Marco Bonati, G. Derylo, Katherine Schultz, K. Honscheid, Rebecca A. Bernstein, Curtis Weaverdyck, Robert J. Woods, Eric H. Neilsen, Josh Frieman, Jennifer L. Marshall, R. Flores, M. Jonas, J. Lee, Darren L. DePoy, S.E. Holland, O. Alvarez, Richard G. Kron, Jiangang Hao, John Peoples, H. T. Diehl, Terri Shaw, J. Emes, A. Sypniewski, D. Boprie, Donna Kubik, B. Flaugher, S. E. Kuhlmann, B. Bigelow, Juan Estrada, V. Scarpine, J. M. Cela-Ruiz, Michael Schubnell, R. Angstadt, Cheryl Jackson, David J. James, W. C. Wester, D. A. Finley, J. Rauch, K. Patton, K. Kuehn, Ann Elliott, Alex Drlica-Wagner, N. Palio, A. Lathrop, O. Ballester, F. Munoz, M. Antonik, K. Kuk, D. Huffman, T. M. C. Abbott, J. De Vicente, Ricardo Schmidt, O. Lahav, J. Campa, Michael D. Gladders, Steve Kent, Robert C. Nichol, J. Annis, Mark Kozlovsky, E. J. Sanchez, B. Gregory, G. Wang, Tianjun Li, Steve Chappa, E. Dede, M. G. Watson, C. Cooper, Robert Connon Smith, H. Rogers, Gary Bernstein, Jon J Thaler, Brian Nord, Jamieson Olsen, Natalie A. Roe, C. Tran, Javier Castilla, K. W. Merritt, W. Stuermer, Ramon Miquel, I. Karliner, Francisco J. Castander, G. Martinez, R. Tighe, David J. Brooks, Peter Lewis, G. Tarle, L. N. da Costa, A. Fausti Neto, L. Scott, Laia Cardiel-Sas, S. Serrano, Edward C. Chi, Richard Kessler, Michael Levi, A. Stefanik, E. Suchyta, J. Eiting, Alistair R. Walker, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Scott Holm, P. Schurter, I. Mandrichenko, E. Buckley-Geer, and D. W. Gerdes

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Aperture, FOS: Physical sciences, Field of view, Noise (electronics), law.invention, Telescope, WNU, Optics, surveys, law, Shutter, photometers [instrumentation], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), STFC, Physics, detectors [instrumentation], Pixel, business.industry, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, observations [cosmology], atlases, Cardinal point, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Focus (optics), catalogs, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

The Dark Energy Camera is a new imager with a 2.2-degree diameter field of view mounted at the prime focus of the Victor M. Blanco 4-meter telescope on Cerro Tololo near La Serena, Chile. The camera was designed and constructed by the Dark Energy Survey Collaboration, and meets or exceeds the stringent requirements designed for the wide-field and supernova surveys for which the collaboration uses it. The camera consists of a five element optical corrector, seven filters, a shutter with a 60 cm aperture, and a CCD focal plane of 250 micron thick fully-depleted CCDs cooled inside a vacuum Dewar. The 570 Mpixel focal plane comprises 62 2kx4k CCDs for imaging and 12 2kx2k CCDs for guiding and focus. The CCDs have 15 microns x15 microns pixels with a plate scale of 0.263 arc sec per pixel. A hexapod system provides state-of-the-art focus and alignment capability. The camera is read out in 20 seconds with 6-9 electrons readout noise. This paper provides a technical description of the camera's engineering, construction, installation, and current status., Comment: submitted to AJ Corresponding Authors H. T. Diehl (diehl@fnal.gov)

Published
2015

196. OzDES multifibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: first-year operation and results

Author

F. Ostrovski, Eli S. Rykoff, Risa H. Wechsler, C. R. O'Neill, W. C. Wester, Tianjun Li, Richard Scalzo, Darren L. DePoy, A. Carnero Rosell, Alistair R. Walker, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, A. L. King, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Mark Sullivan, Tamara M. Davis, G. Tarle, N. Kuropatkin, A. K. Romer, Enrique Gaztanaga, A. Benoit-Lévy, Paul Martini, Peter Doel, S. E. Kuhlmann, A. Fausti Neto, Bonnie Zhang, Samuel Hinton, C. Lidman, E. Rozo, J. J. Thaler, H. T. Diehl, Richard G. McMahon, L. N. da Costa, Geraint F. Lewis, F. B. Abdalla, A. Roodman, Ramon Miquel, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, A. Papadopoulos, Stephanie Jouvel, R. C. Thomas, A. H. Bauer, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, Sachin N. Desai, A. A. Plazas, T. M. C. Abbott, Jeremy Mould, Martin Crocce, Brian P. Schmidt, E. J. Sanchez, Syed Uddin, Daniela Carollo, E. Buckley-Geer, M. Carrasco Kind, V. Scarpine, Robert C. Nichol, Ray P. Norris, Huan Lin, E. Bertin, Nick Seymour, Martin Makler, Rob Sharp, M. J. Childress, David Parkinson, K. Honscheid, M. A. G. Maia, Carlos E. Cunha, M. Sako, M. S. Schubnell, Jennifer L. Marshall, M. E. C. Swanson, Richard Kessler, S. L. Reed, R. Covarrubias, Christopher J. Miller, H. Wilcox, J. Gschwend, P. Rooney, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, Ryan J. Foley, Pablo Fosalba, Tim Eifler, D. L. Burke, Daniel Scolnic, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, A. G. Kim, Francisco J. Castander, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, David J. Brooks, Ofer Lahav, Karl Glazebrook, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, R. C. Smith, D. James, Flavia Sobreira, and Fang Yuan

Subjects
Cosmology and Gravitation, Active galactic nucleus, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Radio galaxy, astro-ph.GA, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Redshift survey, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, observations [cosmology], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], astro-ph.CO, spectroscopic [techniques], Supernova Legacy Survey, general [supernovae], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

OzDES is a five-year, 100-night, spectroscopic survey on the Anglo-Australian Telescope, whose primary aim is to measure redshifts of approximately 2,500 Type Ia supernovae host galaxies over the redshift range 0.1 < z < 1.2, and derive reverberation-mapped black hole masses for approximately 500 active galactic nuclei and quasars over 0.3 < z < 4.5. This treasure trove of data forms a major part of the spectroscopic follow-up for the Dark Energy Survey for which we are also targeting cluster galaxies, radio galaxies, strong lenses, and unidentified transients, as well as measuring luminous red galaxies and emission line galaxies to help calibrate photometric redshifts. Here we present an overview of the OzDES program and our first-year results. Between Dec 2012 and Dec 2013, we observed over 10,000 objects and measured more than 6,000 redshifts. Our strategy of retargeting faint objects across many observing runs has allowed us to measure redshifts for galaxies as faint as m_r=25 mag. We outline our target selection and observing strategy, quantify the redshift success rate for different types of targets, and discuss the implications for our main science goals. Finally, we highlight a few interesting objects as examples of the fortuitous yet not totally unexpected discoveries that can come from such a large spectroscopic survey., 18 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS

Published
2015

197. No galaxy left behind: accurate measurements with the faintest objects in the Dark Energy Survey

Author

J. J. Thaler, J. Carretero, V. Vikram, Flavia Sobreira, Enrique Gaztanaga, J. Estrada, I. Sevilla-Noarbe, M. Carrasco Kind, Robert C. Nichol, J. P. Dietrich, M. A. G. Maia, Daniel Gruen, L. N. da Costa, M. March, Alistair R. Walker, Josh Frieman, Boris Leistedt, Eli S. Rykoff, Marcelle Soares-Santos, D. W. Gerdes, M. Banerji, B. Flaugher, Erin Sheldon, David Brooks, Shantanu Desai, M. E. C. Swanson, Nikolay Kuropatkin, Peter Doel, E. M. Huff, Kevin Reil, H. T. Diehl, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Tim Eifler, Peter Melchior, Ashley J. Ross, A. Carnero Rosell, Niall MacCrann, Jennifer L. Marshall, Ofer Lahav, E. Bertin, Daniel Thomas, Robert Connon Smith, C. B. D'Andrea, M. Sako, Darren L. DePoy, Brian Nord, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, M. Jarvis, David J. James, V. Scarpine, F. B. Abdalla, K. Honscheid, Pablo Fosalba, D. L. Burke, Christopher J. Miller, J. Aleksić, Kyler Kuehn, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Marcos Lima, A. Benoit-Lévy, Ramon Miquel, Eric H. Neilsen, Martin Crocce, Will J. Percival, Carlos E. Cunha, Risa H. Wechsler, T. M. C. Abbott, Hiranya V. Peiris, E. J. Sanchez, A. Roodman, Yanming Zhang, Gregory Tarle, and Stephanie Jouvel

Subjects
statistics [galaxies], Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Correlation function (astronomy), 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], 10. No inequality, Cluster analysis, education, miscellaneous [methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), STFC, Physics, education.field_of_study, image processing [techniques], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Estimator, Astronomy, RCUK, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Stars, Amplitude, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

Accurate statistical measurement with large imaging surveys has traditionally required throwing away a sizable fraction of the data. This is because most measurements have have relied on selecting nearly complete samples, where variations in the composition of the galaxy population with seeing, depth, or other survey characteristics are small. We introduce a new measurement method that aims to minimize this wastage, allowing precision measurement for any class of stars or galaxies detectable in an imaging survey. We have implemented our proposal in Balrog, a software package which embeds fake objects in real imaging in order to accurately characterize measurement biases. We demonstrate this technique with an angular clustering measurement using Dark Energy Survey (DES) data. We first show that recovery of our injected galaxies depends on a wide variety of survey characteristics in the same way as the real data. We then construct a flux-limited sample of the faintest galaxies in DES, chosen specifically for their sensitivity to depth and seeing variations. Using the synthetic galaxies as randoms in the standard Landy-Szalay correlation function estimator suppresses the effects of variable survey selection by at least two orders of magnitude. With this correction, our measured angular clustering is found to be in excellent agreement with that of a matched sample drawn from much deeper, higher-resolution space-based Cosmological Evolution Survey (COSMOS) imaging; over angular scales of $0.004^{\circ} < ��< 0.2^{\circ}$, we find a best-fit scaling amplitude between the DES and COSMOS measurements of $1.00 \pm 0.09$. We expect this methodology to be broadly useful for extending the statistical reach of measurements in a wide variety of coming imaging surveys., 24 pages, 17 figures. This is the version accepted by MNRAS. Changes compared to the original version are very minimal; the biggest update is including a curve for a theoretical model in the clustering results

Published
2015

198. Wide-field lensing mass maps from Dark Energy Survey science verification data: methodology and detailed analysis

Author

I. Sevilla, A. Benoit-Lévy, Joe Zuntz, H. T. Diehl, David Bacon, A. H. Bauer, Ramon Miquel, K. Honscheid, V. Scarpine, Eli S. Rykoff, E. Bertin, K. W. Merritt, G. Tarle, Francisco J. Castander, A. Kovács, Eric H. Neilsen, Gary Bernstein, A. K. Romer, B. Flaugher, Darren L. DePoy, Martin Crocce, C. B. D'Andrea, Paul Martini, A. Carnero Rosell, Sarah Bridle, William G. Hartley, Chihway Chang, Huan Lin, Alistair R. Walker, A. Fausti Neto, Kyler Kuehn, Juan Estrada, Marcelle Soares-Santos, Steve Kent, Boris Leistedt, Matthew R. Becker, Flavia Sobreira, E. Fernandez, J. P. Dietrich, N. Kuropatkin, Jochen Weller, D. L. Burke, Daniel Gruen, Christopher J. Miller, Jennifer L. Marshall, Vinu Vikram, C. Bonnett, T. M. C. Abbott, Robert A. Gruendl, Shantanu Desai, D. W. Gerdes, L. N. da Costa, A. A. Plazas, Hiranya V. Peiris, Diego Capozzi, E. J. Sanchez, Michael Troxel, P. Fosalba, Daniel Thomas, E. Buckley-Geer, Carlos Cunha, D. J. Brout, Eduardo Rozo, T. Kacprzak, F. B. Abdalla, M. T. Busha, M. March, Adam Amara, Matt J. Jarvis, Ofer Lahav, David J. Brooks, Robert Connon Smith, Robert Armstrong, Brian Nord, D. James, Martin Makler, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, J. J. Thaler, Bhuvnesh Jain, M. A. G. Maia, Peter Melchior, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Erin Sheldon, Risa H. Wechsler, M. E. C. Swanson, M. Carrasco Kind, Tianjun Li, Robert C. Nichol, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, A. Roodman, Carles Sanchez, and Enrique Gaztanaga

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Dark matter, Astronomy, RCUK, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Galaxy, Redshift, Cosmology, Sky, Dark energy, astro-ph.CO, Weak gravitational lensing, Smoothing, STFC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, QB
Abstract

Weak gravitational lensing allows one to reconstruct the spatial distribution of the projected mass density across the sky. These "mass maps" provide a powerful tool for studying cosmology as they probe both luminous and dark matter. In this paper, we present a weak lensing mass map reconstructed from shear measurements in a 139 deg2 area from the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data overlapping with the South Pole Telescope survey. We compare the distribution of mass with that of the foreground distribution of galaxies and clusters. The overdensities in the reconstructed map correlate well with the distribution of optically detected clusters. Cross-correlating the mass map with the foreground galaxies from the same DES SV data gives results consistent with mock catalogs that include the primary sources of statistical uncertainties in the galaxy, lensing, and photo-z catalogs. The statistical significance of the cross-correlation is at the 6.8 sigma level with 20 arcminute smoothing. A major goal of this study is to investigate systematic effects arising from a variety of sources, including PSF and photo-z uncertainties. We make maps derived from twenty variables that may characterize systematics and find the principal components. We find that the contribution of systematics to the lensing mass maps is generally within measurement uncertainties. We test and validate our results with mock catalogs from N-body simulations. In this work, we analyze less than 3% of the final area that will be mapped by the DES; the tools and analysis techniques developed in this paper can be applied to forthcoming larger datasets from the survey.

Published
2015

199. Stellar kinematics and metallicities in the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Reticulum II

Author

Michael Schubnell, W. C. Wester, P. Martini, Joshua A. Frieman, Risa H. Wechsler, B. Flaugher, D. James, M. Sako, Juan Estrada, Gary Bernstein, J. J. Thaler, Scott Dodelson, Carlos E. Cunha, Huan Lin, Eduardo Balbinot, Tianjun Li, Jennifer L. Marshall, A. Roodman, Flavia Sobreira, David J. Brooks, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, E. S. Rykoff, C. B. D'Andrea, B. Yanny, Ramon Miquel, G. Tarle, Steve Kent, S. Desai, H. T. Diehl, Ofer Lahav, M. E. C. Swanson, M. A. G. Maia, Diego Capozzi, Alex Drlica-Wagner, M. March, Basilio X. Santiago, A. H. Bauer, M. Carrasco Kind, Darren L. DePoy, T. M. C. Abbott, Louis E. Strigari, I. Sevilla, K. Honscheid, Alistair R. Walker, Robert Connon Smith, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Vinu Vikram, Marla Geha, D. L. Burke, Marcelle Soares-Santos, M. H.L.S. Wang, E. J. Sanchez, Ricardo L. C. Ogando, E. Bertin, Brian Nord, D. A. Finley, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, A. Carnero Rosell, Robert A. Gruendl, C. J. Miller, E. Buckley-Geer, Daniel Gruen, J. D. Simon, Enrique Gaztanaga, D. W. Gerdes, Enrique J. Fernández, A. K. Romer, A. Fausti Neto, and Keith Bechtol

Subjects
individual (Reticulum II) [galaxies], Stellar kinematics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), dwarf [galaxies], Metallicity, Milky Way, Dark matter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, dark matter, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, STFC, Dwarf galaxy, QB, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Velocity dispersion, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stellar content [galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Radial velocity, bundances [stars], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Local Group, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present Magellan/M2FS, VLT/GIRAFFE, and Gemini South/GMOS spectroscopy of the newly discovered Milky Way satellite Reticulum II. Based on the spectra of 25 Ret II member stars selected from Dark Energy Survey imaging, we measure a mean heliocentric velocity of 62.8 +/- 0.5 km/s and a velocity dispersion of 3.3 +/- 0.7 km/s. The mass-to-light ratio of Ret II within its half-light radius is 470 +/- 210 Msun/Lsun, demonstrating that it is a strongly dark matter-dominated system. Despite its spatial proximity to the Magellanic Clouds, the radial velocity of Ret II differs from that of the LMC and SMC by 199 and 83 km/s, respectively, suggesting that it is not gravitationally bound to the Magellanic system. The likely member stars of Ret II span 1.3 dex in metallicity, with a dispersion of 0.28 +/- 0.09 dex, and we identify several extremely metal-poor stars with [Fe/H] < -3. In combination with its luminosity, size, and ellipticity, these results confirm that Ret II is an ultra-faint dwarf galaxy. With a mean metallicity of [Fe/H] = -2.65 +/- 0.07, Ret II matches Segue~1 as the most metal-poor galaxy known. Although Ret II is the third-closest dwarf galaxy to the Milky Way, the line-of-sight integral of the dark matter density squared is log J = 18.8 +/- 0.6 Gev^2/cm^5 within 0.2 degrees, indicating that the predicted gamma-ray flux from dark matter annihilation in Ret II is lower than that of several other dwarf galaxies., 14 pages, 6 figures (4 in color), 2 tables. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. Only minor changes from v1

Published
2015

200. Constraints on the Richness-Mass Relation and the Optical-SZE Positional Offset Distribution for SZE-Selected Clusters

Author

Ricardo L. C. Ogando, Martin Crocce, A. Roodman, David J. Brooks, Robert Armstrong, A. A. Plazas, Joseph J. Mohr, Jochen Weller, Mark Brodwin, Diego Capozzi, W. L. Holzapfel, M. A. G. Maia, J. J. Thaler, E. Bertin, C. Gangkofner, A. Saro, David J. James, T. M. C. Abbott, Ofer Lahav, M. Carrasco Kind, E. Fernandez, R. Covarrubias, Robert Connon Smith, Darren L. DePoy, Alistair R. Walker, Pablo Fosalba, Marcelle Soares-Santos, R. Capasso, V. Strazzullo, E. J. Sanchez, Michael McDonald, B. Stalder, Gary Bernstein, Risa H. Wechsler, V. Upadhyay, Enrique Gaztanaga, Vinu Vikram, Huan Lin, Lindsey Bleem, T. M. Crawford, John E. Carlstrom, Peter Melchior, Tianjun Li, Shantanu Desai, Sebastian Bocquet, Brian Nord, Bhuvnesh Jain, Peter Doel, J. P. Dietrich, A. von der Linden, Bradford Benson, Daniel Thomas, M. E. C. Swanson, I. Sevilla, E. Buckley-Geer, Michael Schubnell, F. B. Abdalla, Scott Dodelson, A. Benoit-Lévy, Carlos E. Cunha, T. de Haan, H. T. Diehl, Jennifer L. Marshall, Christian L. Reichardt, D. L. Burke, Tim Eifler, Antony A. Stark, A. H. Bauer, S. Allam, Robert A. Gruendl, Alfredo Zenteno, Flavia Sobreira, I-Non Chiu, C. Hennig, B. Flaugher, C. B. D'Andrea, M. March, Ramon Miquel, Eduardo Rozo, K. E. Ziegler, A. K. Romer, Paul Martini, W. C. Wester, A. Fausti Neto, K. Honscheid, Christopher J. Miller, Matthew B. Bayliss, Eli S. Rykoff, N. Kuropatkin, L. N. da Costa, M. Banerji, Joshua A. Frieman, A. Carnero Rosell, M. Sako, Douglas L. Tucker, Kyler Kuehn, Gregory Tarle, Nikhel Gupta, E. Suchyta, August E. Evrard, Daniel Gruen, D. W. Gerdes, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, McDonald, Michael A., Saro, A., Bocquet, S., Rozo, E., Benson, B. A., Mohr, J., Rykoff, E. S., Soares-Santos, M., Bleem, L., Dodelson, S., Melchior, P., Sobreira, F., Upadhyay, V., Weller, J., Abbott, T., Abdalla, F. B., Allam, S., Armstrong, R., Banerji, M., Bauer, A. H., Bayliss, M., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernstein, G. M., Bertin, E., Brodwin, M., Brooks, D., Buckley-Geer, E., Burke, D. L., Carlstrom, J. E., Capasso, R., Capozzi, D., Carnero Rosell, A., Carrasco Kind, M., Chiu, I., Covarrubias, R., Crawford, T. M., Crocce, M., D'Andrea, C. B., da Costa, L. N., Depoy, D. L., Desai, S., de Haan, T., Diehl, H. T., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Cunha, C. E, Eifler, T. F., Evrard, A. E., Fausti Neto, A., Fernandez, E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., Gangkofner, C., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gupta, N., Hennig, C., Holzapfel, W. L., Honscheid, K., Jain, B., James, D., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lahav, O., Li, T. S., Lin, H., Maia, M. A. G., March, M., Marshall, J. L., Martini, Paul, Mcdonald, M., Miller, C. J., Miquel, R., Nord, B., Ogando, R., Plazas, A. A., Reichardt, C. L., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sako, M., Sanchez, E., Schubnell, M., Sevilla, I., Smith, R. C., Stalder, B., Stark, A. A., Strazzullo, V., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thaler, J., Thomas, D., Tucker, D., Vikram, V., von der Linden, A., Walker, A. R., Wechsler, R. H., Wester, W., Zenteno, A., and Ziegler, K. E.

Subjects
statistics [galaxies], Large-scale structure of Universe, Galaxies: abundances, Astrophysics, abundance [Galaxies], miscellaneous [cosmology], Lambda, Catalogue, 01 natural sciences, haloe [Galaxies], clusters: general [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, catalogues, QB, Physics, education.field_of_study, Sigma, haloes [galaxies], South Pole Telescope, astro-ph.CO, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics and Astronomy, Cosmology and Gravitation, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Galaxies: statistics, Cosmology: miscellaneous, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Methods: data analysis, abundances [galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, data analysis [methods], Cluster (physics), miscellaneou [Cosmology], Galaxies: haloes, education, STFC, Galaxy cluster, Catalogues, Galaxies: clusters: general, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, statistic [Galaxies], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, RCUK, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, data analysi [Methods], Dark energy
Abstract

We cross-match galaxy cluster candidates selected via their Sunyaev–Zel'dovich effect (SZE) signatures in 129.1 deg[superscript 2] of the South Pole Telescope 2500d SPT-SZ survey with optically identified clusters selected from the Dark Energy Survey science verification data. We identify 25 clusters between 0.1 ≲ z ≲ 0.8 in the union of the SPT-SZ and redMaPPer (RM) samples. RM is an optical cluster finding algorithm that also returns a richness estimate for each cluster. We model the richness λ-mass relation with the following function 〈ln λ|M500〉 ∝ Bλln M500 + Cλln E(z) and use SPT-SZ cluster masses and RM richnesses λ to constrain the parameters. We find Bλ=1.14[superscript +0.21][subscript −0.18 and Cλ=0.73[superscript +0.77][subscript −0.75]. The associated scatter in mass at fixed richness is σlnM|λ=0.18[superscript +0.08][subscript −0.05] at a characteristic richness λ = 70. We demonstrate that our model provides an adequate description of the matched sample, showing that the fraction of SPT-SZ-selected clusters with RM counterparts is consistent with expectations and that the fraction of RM-selected clusters with SPT-SZ counterparts is in mild tension with expectation. We model the optical-SZE cluster positional offset distribution with the sum of two Gaussians, showing that it is consistent with a dominant, centrally peaked population and a subdominant population characterized by larger offsets. We also cross-match the RM catalogue with SPT-SZ candidates below the official catalogue threshold significance ξ = 4.5, using the RM catalogue to provide optical confirmation and redshifts for 15 additional clusters with ξ ∈ [4, 4.5]., Kavli Foundation, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (Grant GBMF 947)

Published
2015

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