Author: "Crowther, Thomas W." - Searchworks@Jio Institute Digital Library Search Results

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151. Soils in warmer and less developed countries have less micronutrients globally

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Maestre, Fernando T., Flagmeier, Maren, Guirado, Emilio, Berdugo, Miguel, Bastida, Felipe, Dacal, Marina, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Plaza, César, Rillig, Matthias C., Crowther, Thomas W., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Moreno Jiménez, Eduardo, Maestre, Fernando T., Flagmeier, Maren, Guirado, Emilio, Berdugo, Miguel, Bastida, Felipe, Dacal, Marina, Díaz-Martínez, Paloma, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, Plaza, César, Rillig, Matthias C., Crowther, Thomas W., and Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel
Abstract: Soil micronutrients are capital for the delivery of ecosystem functioning and food provision worldwide. Yet, despite their importance, the global biogeography and ecological drivers of soil micronutrients remain virtually unknown, limiting our capacity to anticipate abrupt unexpected changes in soil micronutrients in the face of climate change. Here, we analyzed >1300 topsoil samples to examine the global distribution of six metallic micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Co and Ni) across all continents, climates and vegetation types. We found that warmer arid and tropical ecosystems, present in the least developed countries, sustain the lowest contents of multiple soil micronutrients. We further provide evidence that temperature increases may potentially result in abrupt and simultaneous reductions in the content of multiple soil micronutrients when a temperature threshold of 12–14°C is crossed, which may be occurring on 3% of the planet over the next century. Altogether, our findings provide fundamental understanding of the global distribution of soil micronutrients, with direct implications for the maintenance of ecosystem functioning, rangeland management and food production in the warmest and poorest regions of the planet.
Published: 2022

152. Strategy games to improve environmental policymaking

Author: Swiss National Science Foundation, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Fonds Français pour l'Environnement Mondial, García, Claude A., Savilaakso, Sini, Verburg, René W., Stoudmann, Natasha, Fernbach, Philip, Sloman, Steven A., Peterson, Garry D., Araújo, Miguel B., Bastin, Jean-François, Blasser, Jürgen, Boutinot, Laurence, Crowther, Thomas W., Dessard, Hélène, Dray, Anne, Scott, Francisco, Ghazoul, Jaboury, Feintrenie, Laurène, Hainzelin, Etienne, Kleinschroth, Fritz, Naimi, Babak, Novotny, Ivan P., Oszwald, Johan, Pietsch, Stephan A., Quétier, Fabien, Robinson, Brian E., Sassen, Marieke, Sist, Plinio, Sunderland, Terry, Vermeulen, Cédric, Wilmé, Lucienne, Wilson, Sarah J., Zorondo-Rodríguez, Francisco, Waeber, Patrick O., Swiss National Science Foundation, Fondation pour la Recherche sur la Biodiversité, Fonds Français pour l'Environnement Mondial, García, Claude A., Savilaakso, Sini, Verburg, René W., Stoudmann, Natasha, Fernbach, Philip, Sloman, Steven A., Peterson, Garry D., Araújo, Miguel B., Bastin, Jean-François, Blasser, Jürgen, Boutinot, Laurence, Crowther, Thomas W., Dessard, Hélène, Dray, Anne, Scott, Francisco, Ghazoul, Jaboury, Feintrenie, Laurène, Hainzelin, Etienne, Kleinschroth, Fritz, Naimi, Babak, Novotny, Ivan P., Oszwald, Johan, Pietsch, Stephan A., Quétier, Fabien, Robinson, Brian E., Sassen, Marieke, Sist, Plinio, Sunderland, Terry, Vermeulen, Cédric, Wilmé, Lucienne, Wilson, Sarah J., Zorondo-Rodríguez, Francisco, and Waeber, Patrick O.
Abstract: While the scientific community documents environmental degradation and develops scenarios to identify the operational margins of system Earth, less attention is given to how decisions are made that steer the system in one direction or the other. We propose to use strategy games for this purpose, increasing the representation of human agency in scenario development and creating spaces for deliberation between different worldviews. Played by the right people, strategy games could help break free from established norms and support more transparent democratic dialogues, responding to the human and social limitations of current decision-making. The question is, who gets to play?
Published: 2022

153. Frontiers in soil ecology—Insights from the World Biodiversity Forum 2022

Author: Eisenhauer, Nico, Bender, Franz, Calderón‐Sanou, Irene, de Vries, Franciska T., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Thuiller, Wilfried, Wall, Diana H., Zeiss, Romy, Bahram, Mohammad, Beugnon, Rémy, Burton, Victoria J., Crowther, Thomas W., Delgado‐Baquerizo, Manuel, Geisen, Stefan, Kardol, Paul, Krashevska, Valentyna, Martínez‐Muñoz, Carlos A., Patoine, Guillaume, Seeber, Julia, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Steinwandter, Michael, Sünnemann, Marie, Sun, Xin, van der Heijden, Marcel G.A., Guerra, Carlos A., Potapov, Anton, Eisenhauer, Nico, Bender, Franz, Calderón‐Sanou, Irene, de Vries, Franciska T., Lembrechts, Jonas J., Thuiller, Wilfried, Wall, Diana H., Zeiss, Romy, Bahram, Mohammad, Beugnon, Rémy, Burton, Victoria J., Crowther, Thomas W., Delgado‐Baquerizo, Manuel, Geisen, Stefan, Kardol, Paul, Krashevska, Valentyna, Martínez‐Muñoz, Carlos A., Patoine, Guillaume, Seeber, Julia, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A., Steinwandter, Michael, Sünnemann, Marie, Sun, Xin, van der Heijden, Marcel G.A., Guerra, Carlos A., and Potapov, Anton
Abstract: Global change is affecting soil biodiversity and functioning across all terrestrial ecosystems. Still, much is unknown about how soil biodiversity and function will change in the future in response to simultaneous alterations in climate and land use, as well as other environmental drivers. It is crucial to understand the direct, indirect and interactive effects of global change drivers on soil communities and ecosystems across environmental contexts, not only today but also in the near future. This is particularly relevant for international efforts to tackle climate change like the Paris Agreement, and considering the failure to achieve the 2020 biodiversity targets, especially the target of halting soil degradation. Here, we outline the main frontiers related to soil ecology that were presented and discussed at the thematic sessions of the World Biodiversity Forum 2022in Davos, Switzerland. We highlight multiple frontiers of knowledge associated with data integration, causal inference, soil biodiversity and function scenarios, critical soil biodiversity facets, underrepresented drivers, global collaboration, knowledge application and transdisciplinarity, as well as policy and public communication. These identified research priorities are not only of immediate interest to the scientific community but may also be considered in research priority programmes and calls for funding.
Published: 2022

154. Prevalence and drivers of abrupt vegetation shifts in global drylands

Author: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Dakos, Vasilis [0000-0001-8862-718X], Crowther, Thomas W. [0000-0001-5674-8913], Berdugo, Miguel, Gaitán, Juan J., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Crowther, Thomas Ward, Dakos, Vasilis, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España), Berdugo, Miguel [0000-0003-1053-8907], Gaitán, Juan J. [0000-0003-2889-1418], Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel [0000-0002-6499-576X], Dakos, Vasilis [0000-0001-8862-718X], Crowther, Thomas W. [0000-0001-5674-8913], Berdugo, Miguel, Gaitán, Juan J., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Crowther, Thomas Ward, and Dakos, Vasilis
Abstract: The constant provision of plant productivity is integral to supporting the liability of ecosystems and human wellbeing in global drylands. Drylands are paradigmatic examples of systems prone to experiencing abrupt changes in their functioning. Indeed, space-for-time substitution approaches suggest that abrupt changes in plant productivity are widespread, but this evidence is less clear using observational time series or experimental data at a large scale. Studying the prevalence and, most importantly, the unknown drivers of abrupt (rather than gradual) dynamical patterns in drylands may help to unveil hotspots of current and future dynamical instabilities in drylands. Using a 20-y global satellite-derived temporal assessment of dryland Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), we show that 50% of all dryland ecosystems exhibiting gains or losses of NDVI are characterized by abrupt positive/negative temporal dynamics. We further show that abrupt changes are more common among negative than positive NDVI trends and can be found in global regions suffering recent droughts, particularly around critical aridity thresholds. Positive abrupt dynamics are found most in ecosystems with low seasonal variability or high aridity. Our work unveils the high importance of climate variability on triggering abrupt shifts in vegetation and it provides missing evidence of increasing abruptness in systems intensively managed by humans, with low soil organic carbon contents, or around specific aridity thresholds. These results highlight that abrupt changes in dryland dynamics are very common, especially for productivity losses, pinpoint global hotspots of dryland vulnerability, and identify drivers that could be targeted for effective dryland management.
Published: 2022

155. Global maps of soil temperature

Author: Benito Alonso, José Luis [0000-0003-1086-8834], García González, María Begoña [0000-0003-4231-6006], Ogaya, Romá [0000-0003-4927-8479], Peñuelas, Josep [0000-0002-7215-0150], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Hoffrén, Raúl [0000-0002-9123-304X], Poyatos, Rafael [0000-0003-0521-2523], Lembrechts, Jonas J., Hoogen, Johan van den, Aalto, Juha, Ashcroft, Michael B., De Frenne, Pieter, Kemppinen, Julia, Kopecký, Martin, Luoto, Miska, Maclean, Ilya M. D., Crowther, Thomas W., Bailey, Joseph J., Haesen, Stef, Klinges, David H., Niittynen, Pekka, Scheffers, Brett R., Meerbeek, Koenraad Van, Aartsma, Peter, Abdalaze, Otar, Abedi, Mehdi, Aerts, Rien, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahrends, Antje, Alatalo, Juha M., Alexander, Jake M., Allonsius, Camille Nina, Altman, Jan, Ammann, Christof, Andres, Christian, Andrews, Christopher, Ardö, Jonas, Arriga, Nicola, Arzac, Alberto, Aschero, Valeria, Assis, Rafael L., Assmann, Jakob Johann, Bader, Maaike Y., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Barančok, Peter, Barrio, Isabel C., Barros, Agustina, Barthel, Matti, Basham, Edmund W., Bauters, Marijn, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bell, Michael C., Benavides, Juan C., Benito Alonso, José Luis, Berauer, Bernd J., Bjerke, Jarle W., Björk, Robert G., Björkman, Mats P., Björnsdóttir, Katrin, Blonder, Benjamin, Boeckx, Pascal, Boike, Julia, Bokhorst, Stef, Brum, Bárbara N. S., Brůna, Josef, Buchmann, Nina, Buysse, Pauline, Camargo, José Luís, Campoe, Otávio C., Candan, Onur, Canessa, Rafaella, Cannone, Nicoletta, Carbognani, Michele, Carnicer, Jofre, Casanova-Katny, Angélica, Cesarz, Simone, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Choler, Philippe, Chown, Steven L., Cifuentes, Edgar F., Čiliak, Marek, Contador, Tamara, Convey, Peter, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Cremonese, Edoardo, Curasi, Salvatore R., Curtis, Robin, Cutini, Maurizio, Dahlberg, C. Johan, Daskalova, Gergana N., Pablo, Miguel Ángel de, Della Chiesa, Stefano, Dengler, Jürgen, Deronde, Bart, Descombes, Patrice, Di Cecco, Valter, Di Musciano, Michele, Dick, Jan, Dimarco, Romina D., Dolezal, Jiri, Dorrepaal, Ellen, Dušek, Jiří, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eklundh, Lars, Erickson, Todd E., Erschbamer, Brigitta, Eugster, Werner, Ewers, Robert M., Exton, Dan A., Fanin, Nicolas, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feigenwinter, Iris, Fenu, Giuseppe, Ferlian, Olga, Fernández Calzado, María Rosa, Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo, Finckh, Manfred, Finger Higgens, Rebecca, Forte, T'ai G. W., Freeman, Erika C., Frei, Esther R., Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo, García, Rafael A., García González, María Begoña, Géron, Charly, Gharun, Mana, Ghosn, Dany, Gigauri, Khatuna, Gobin, Anne, Goded, Ignacio, Goeckede, Mathias, Gottschall, Felix, Goulding, Keith, Govaert, Sanne, Graae, Bente Jessen, Greenwood, Sarah, Greiser, Caroline, Grelle, Achim, Guénard, Benoit, Guglielmin, Mauro, Guillemot, Joannès, Haase, Peter, Haider, Sylvia, Halbritter, Aud H., Hamid, Maroof, Hammerle, Albin, Hampe, Arndt, Haugum, Siri V., Hederová, Lucia, Heinesch, Bernard, Helfter, Carole, Hepenstrick, Daniel, Herberich, Maximiliane, Herbst, Mathias, Hermanutz, Luise, Hik, David S., Hoffrén, Raúl, Homeier, Jürgen, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Høye, Toke T., Hrbacek, Filip, Hylander, Kristoffer, Iwata, Hiroki, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin Antoni, Jactel, Hervé, Järveoja, Järvi, Jastrzębowski, Szymon, Jentsch, Anke, Jiménez, Juan J., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Jucker, Tommaso, Jump, Alistair S., Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kanka, Róbert, Kašpar, Vít, Kazakis, George, Kelly, Julia, Khuroo, Anzar A., Klemedtsson, Leif, Klisz, Marcin, Kljun, Natascha, Knohl, Alexander, Kobler, Johannes, Kollár, Jozef, Kotowska, Martyna M., Kovács, Bence, Kreyling, Juergen, Lamprecht, Andrea, Lang, Simone I., Larson, Christian, Larson, Keith, Laska, Kamil, Le Maire, Guerric, Leihy, Rachel I., Lens, Luc, Liljebladh, Bengt, Lohila, Annalea, Lorite, Juan, Loubet, Benjamin, Lynn, Joshua, Macek, Martin, Mackenzie, Roy, Magliulo, Enzo, Maier, Regine, Malfasi, Francesco, Máliš, František, Man, Matěj, Manca, Giovanni, Manco, Antonio, Manise, Tanguy, Manolaki, Paraskevi, Marciniak, Felipe, Matula, Radim, Mazzolari, Ana Clara, Medinets, Sergiy, Medinets, Volodymyr, Meeussen, Camille, Merinero, Sonia, Mesquita, Rita de Cássia Guimarães, Meusburger, Katrin, Meysman, Filip J. R., Michaletz, Sean T., Milbau, Ann, Moiseev, Dmitry, Moiseev, Pavel, Mondoni, Andrea, Monfries, Ruth, Montagnani, Leonardo, Moriana-Armendariz, Mikel, Morra di Cella, Umberto, Mörsdorf, Martin, Mosedale, Jonathan R., Muffler, Lena, Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam, Myers, Jonathan A., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nagy, Laszlo, Nardino, Marianna, Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, Lena, Niedrist, Georg, Niessner, Armin, Nilsson, Mats B., Normand, Signe, Nosetto, Marcelo D., Nouvellon, Yann, Nuñez, Martin A., Ogaya, Romá, Ogée, Jérôme, Okello, Joseph, Olejnik, Janusz, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, Opedal, Øystein H., Orsenigo, Simone, Palaj, Andrej, Pampuch, Timo, Panov, Alexey V., Pärtel, Meelis, Pastor, Ada, Pauchard, Aníbal, Pauli, Harald, Pavelka, Marian, Pearse, William D., Peichl, Matthias, Pellissier, Loïc, Penczykowski, Rachel M., Peñuelas, Josep, Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Phartyal, Shyam S., Phoenix, Gareth K., Pio, Casimiro, Pitacco, Andrea, Pitteloud, Camille, Plichta, Roman, Porro, Francesco, Portillo-Estrada, Miguel, Poulenard, Jérôme, Poyatos, Rafael, Prokushkin, Anatoly S., Puchalka, Radoslaw, Pușcaș, Mihai, Radujković, Dajana, Randall, Krystal, Ratier Backes, Amanda, Remmele, Sabine, Remmers, Wolfram, Renault, David, Risch, Anita C., Rixen, Christian, Robinson, Sharon A., Robroek, Bjorn J. M., Rocha, Adrian V., Rossi, Christian, Rossi, Graziano, Roupsard, Olivier, Rubtsov, Alexey V., Saccone, Patrick, Sagot, Clotilde, Sallo Bravo, Jhonatan, Santos, Cinthya C., Sarneel, Judith M., Scharnweber, Tobias, Schmeddes, Jonas, Schmidt, Marius, Scholten, Thomas, Schuchardt, Max, Schwartz, Naomi, Scott, Tony, Seeber, Julia, Segalin de Andrade, Ana Cristina, Seipel, Tim, Semenchuk, Philipp, Senior, Rebecca A., Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Sewerniak, Piotr, Shekhar, Ankit, Sidenko, Nikita V., Siebicke, Lukas, Siegwart Collier, Laura, Simpson, Elizabeth, Siqueira, David P., Sitková, Zuzana, Six, Johan, Smiljanic, Marko, Smith, Stuart W., Smith-Tripp, Sarah, Somers, Ben, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Souza, José João L. L., Souza, Bartolomeu Israel, Souza Dias, Arildo, Spasojevic, Marko J., Speed, James D. M., Spicher, Fabien, Stanisci, Angela, Steinbauer, Klaus, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Steinwandter, Michael, Stemkovski, Michael, Stephan, Jörg G., Stiegler, Christian, Stoll, Stefan, Svátek, Martin, Svoboda, Miroslav, Tagesson, Torbern, Tanentzap, Andrew J., Tanneberger, Franziska, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Thomas, Andrew D., Tielbörger, Katja, Tomaselli, Marcello, Treier, Urs Albert, Trouillier, Mario, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Tutton, Rosamond, Tyystjärvi, Vilna A., Ueyama, Masahito, Ujházy, Karol, Ujházyová, Mariana, Uogintas, Domas, Urban, Anastasiya V., Urban, Josef, Urbaniak, Marek, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Vaccari, Francesco Primo, Van de Vondel, Stijn, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Van Geel, Maarten, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Varlagin, Andrej, Veen, G. F., Veenendaal, Elmar, Venn, Susanna E., Verbeeck, Hans, Verbrugggen, Erik, Verheijen, Frank G. A., Villar Pérez, Luis, Vitale, Luca, Vittoz, Pascal, Vives-Ingla, Maria, Oppen, Jonathan von, Walz, Josefine, Wang, Runxi, Wang, Yifeng, Way, Robert G., Wedegärtner, Ronja E. M., Weigel, Robert, Wild, Jan, Wilkinson, Matthew, Wilmking, Martin, Wingate, Lisa, Winkler, Manuela, Wipf, Sonja, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Xenakis, Georgios, Yang, Yan, Yu, Zicheng, Yu, Kailiang, Zellweger, Florian, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Zhaochen, Zhao, Peng, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Zimmermann, Reiner, Zong, Shengwei, Zyryanov, Viacheslav I., Nijs, Ivan, Lenoir, Jonathan, Benito Alonso, José Luis [0000-0003-1086-8834], García González, María Begoña [0000-0003-4231-6006], Ogaya, Romá [0000-0003-4927-8479], Peñuelas, Josep [0000-0002-7215-0150], Hampe, Arndt [0000-0003-2551-9784], Hoffrén, Raúl [0000-0002-9123-304X], Poyatos, Rafael [0000-0003-0521-2523], Lembrechts, Jonas J., Hoogen, Johan van den, Aalto, Juha, Ashcroft, Michael B., De Frenne, Pieter, Kemppinen, Julia, Kopecký, Martin, Luoto, Miska, Maclean, Ilya M. D., Crowther, Thomas W., Bailey, Joseph J., Haesen, Stef, Klinges, David H., Niittynen, Pekka, Scheffers, Brett R., Meerbeek, Koenraad Van, Aartsma, Peter, Abdalaze, Otar, Abedi, Mehdi, Aerts, Rien, Ahmadian, Negar, Ahrends, Antje, Alatalo, Juha M., Alexander, Jake M., Allonsius, Camille Nina, Altman, Jan, Ammann, Christof, Andres, Christian, Andrews, Christopher, Ardö, Jonas, Arriga, Nicola, Arzac, Alberto, Aschero, Valeria, Assis, Rafael L., Assmann, Jakob Johann, Bader, Maaike Y., Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, Barančok, Peter, Barrio, Isabel C., Barros, Agustina, Barthel, Matti, Basham, Edmund W., Bauters, Marijn, Bazzichetto, Manuele, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, Bell, Michael C., Benavides, Juan C., Benito Alonso, José Luis, Berauer, Bernd J., Bjerke, Jarle W., Björk, Robert G., Björkman, Mats P., Björnsdóttir, Katrin, Blonder, Benjamin, Boeckx, Pascal, Boike, Julia, Bokhorst, Stef, Brum, Bárbara N. S., Brůna, Josef, Buchmann, Nina, Buysse, Pauline, Camargo, José Luís, Campoe, Otávio C., Candan, Onur, Canessa, Rafaella, Cannone, Nicoletta, Carbognani, Michele, Carnicer, Jofre, Casanova-Katny, Angélica, Cesarz, Simone, Chojnicki, Bogdan, Choler, Philippe, Chown, Steven L., Cifuentes, Edgar F., Čiliak, Marek, Contador, Tamara, Convey, Peter, Cooper, Elisabeth J., Cremonese, Edoardo, Curasi, Salvatore R., Curtis, Robin, Cutini, Maurizio, Dahlberg, C. Johan, Daskalova, Gergana N., Pablo, Miguel Ángel de, Della Chiesa, Stefano, Dengler, Jürgen, Deronde, Bart, Descombes, Patrice, Di Cecco, Valter, Di Musciano, Michele, Dick, Jan, Dimarco, Romina D., Dolezal, Jiri, Dorrepaal, Ellen, Dušek, Jiří, Eisenhauer, Nico, Eklundh, Lars, Erickson, Todd E., Erschbamer, Brigitta, Eugster, Werner, Ewers, Robert M., Exton, Dan A., Fanin, Nicolas, Fazlioglu, Fatih, Feigenwinter, Iris, Fenu, Giuseppe, Ferlian, Olga, Fernández Calzado, María Rosa, Fernández-Pascual, Eduardo, Finckh, Manfred, Finger Higgens, Rebecca, Forte, T'ai G. W., Freeman, Erika C., Frei, Esther R., Fuentes-Lillo, Eduardo, García, Rafael A., García González, María Begoña, Géron, Charly, Gharun, Mana, Ghosn, Dany, Gigauri, Khatuna, Gobin, Anne, Goded, Ignacio, Goeckede, Mathias, Gottschall, Felix, Goulding, Keith, Govaert, Sanne, Graae, Bente Jessen, Greenwood, Sarah, Greiser, Caroline, Grelle, Achim, Guénard, Benoit, Guglielmin, Mauro, Guillemot, Joannès, Haase, Peter, Haider, Sylvia, Halbritter, Aud H., Hamid, Maroof, Hammerle, Albin, Hampe, Arndt, Haugum, Siri V., Hederová, Lucia, Heinesch, Bernard, Helfter, Carole, Hepenstrick, Daniel, Herberich, Maximiliane, Herbst, Mathias, Hermanutz, Luise, Hik, David S., Hoffrén, Raúl, Homeier, Jürgen, Hörtnagl, Lukas, Høye, Toke T., Hrbacek, Filip, Hylander, Kristoffer, Iwata, Hiroki, Jackowicz-Korczynski, Marcin Antoni, Jactel, Hervé, Järveoja, Järvi, Jastrzębowski, Szymon, Jentsch, Anke, Jiménez, Juan J., Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., Jucker, Tommaso, Jump, Alistair S., Juszczak, Radoslaw, Kanka, Róbert, Kašpar, Vít, Kazakis, George, Kelly, Julia, Khuroo, Anzar A., Klemedtsson, Leif, Klisz, Marcin, Kljun, Natascha, Knohl, Alexander, Kobler, Johannes, Kollár, Jozef, Kotowska, Martyna M., Kovács, Bence, Kreyling, Juergen, Lamprecht, Andrea, Lang, Simone I., Larson, Christian, Larson, Keith, Laska, Kamil, Le Maire, Guerric, Leihy, Rachel I., Lens, Luc, Liljebladh, Bengt, Lohila, Annalea, Lorite, Juan, Loubet, Benjamin, Lynn, Joshua, Macek, Martin, Mackenzie, Roy, Magliulo, Enzo, Maier, Regine, Malfasi, Francesco, Máliš, František, Man, Matěj, Manca, Giovanni, Manco, Antonio, Manise, Tanguy, Manolaki, Paraskevi, Marciniak, Felipe, Matula, Radim, Mazzolari, Ana Clara, Medinets, Sergiy, Medinets, Volodymyr, Meeussen, Camille, Merinero, Sonia, Mesquita, Rita de Cássia Guimarães, Meusburger, Katrin, Meysman, Filip J. R., Michaletz, Sean T., Milbau, Ann, Moiseev, Dmitry, Moiseev, Pavel, Mondoni, Andrea, Monfries, Ruth, Montagnani, Leonardo, Moriana-Armendariz, Mikel, Morra di Cella, Umberto, Mörsdorf, Martin, Mosedale, Jonathan R., Muffler, Lena, Muñoz-Rojas, Miriam, Myers, Jonathan A., Myers-Smith, Isla H., Nagy, Laszlo, Nardino, Marianna, Naujokaitis-Lewis, Ilona, Newling, Emily, Nicklas, Lena, Niedrist, Georg, Niessner, Armin, Nilsson, Mats B., Normand, Signe, Nosetto, Marcelo D., Nouvellon, Yann, Nuñez, Martin A., Ogaya, Romá, Ogée, Jérôme, Okello, Joseph, Olejnik, Janusz, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, Opedal, Øystein H., Orsenigo, Simone, Palaj, Andrej, Pampuch, Timo, Panov, Alexey V., Pärtel, Meelis, Pastor, Ada, Pauchard, Aníbal, Pauli, Harald, Pavelka, Marian, Pearse, William D., Peichl, Matthias, Pellissier, Loïc, Penczykowski, Rachel M., Peñuelas, Josep, Petit Bon, Matteo, Petraglia, Alessandro, Phartyal, Shyam S., Phoenix, Gareth K., Pio, Casimiro, Pitacco, Andrea, Pitteloud, Camille, Plichta, Roman, Porro, Francesco, Portillo-Estrada, Miguel, Poulenard, Jérôme, Poyatos, Rafael, Prokushkin, Anatoly S., Puchalka, Radoslaw, Pușcaș, Mihai, Radujković, Dajana, Randall, Krystal, Ratier Backes, Amanda, Remmele, Sabine, Remmers, Wolfram, Renault, David, Risch, Anita C., Rixen, Christian, Robinson, Sharon A., Robroek, Bjorn J. M., Rocha, Adrian V., Rossi, Christian, Rossi, Graziano, Roupsard, Olivier, Rubtsov, Alexey V., Saccone, Patrick, Sagot, Clotilde, Sallo Bravo, Jhonatan, Santos, Cinthya C., Sarneel, Judith M., Scharnweber, Tobias, Schmeddes, Jonas, Schmidt, Marius, Scholten, Thomas, Schuchardt, Max, Schwartz, Naomi, Scott, Tony, Seeber, Julia, Segalin de Andrade, Ana Cristina, Seipel, Tim, Semenchuk, Philipp, Senior, Rebecca A., Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Sewerniak, Piotr, Shekhar, Ankit, Sidenko, Nikita V., Siebicke, Lukas, Siegwart Collier, Laura, Simpson, Elizabeth, Siqueira, David P., Sitková, Zuzana, Six, Johan, Smiljanic, Marko, Smith, Stuart W., Smith-Tripp, Sarah, Somers, Ben, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, Souza, José João L. L., Souza, Bartolomeu Israel, Souza Dias, Arildo, Spasojevic, Marko J., Speed, James D. M., Spicher, Fabien, Stanisci, Angela, Steinbauer, Klaus, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Steinwandter, Michael, Stemkovski, Michael, Stephan, Jörg G., Stiegler, Christian, Stoll, Stefan, Svátek, Martin, Svoboda, Miroslav, Tagesson, Torbern, Tanentzap, Andrew J., Tanneberger, Franziska, Theurillat, Jean-Paul, Thomas, Haydn J. D., Thomas, Andrew D., Tielbörger, Katja, Tomaselli, Marcello, Treier, Urs Albert, Trouillier, Mario, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, Tutton, Rosamond, Tyystjärvi, Vilna A., Ueyama, Masahito, Ujházy, Karol, Ujházyová, Mariana, Uogintas, Domas, Urban, Anastasiya V., Urban, Josef, Urbaniak, Marek, Ursu, Tudor-Mihai, Vaccari, Francesco Primo, Van de Vondel, Stijn, van den Brink, Liesbeth, Van Geel, Maarten, Vandvik, Vigdis, Vangansbeke, Pieter, Varlagin, Andrej, Veen, G. F., Veenendaal, Elmar, Venn, Susanna E., Verbeeck, Hans, Verbrugggen, Erik, Verheijen, Frank G. A., Villar Pérez, Luis, Vitale, Luca, Vittoz, Pascal, Vives-Ingla, Maria, Oppen, Jonathan von, Walz, Josefine, Wang, Runxi, Wang, Yifeng, Way, Robert G., Wedegärtner, Ronja E. M., Weigel, Robert, Wild, Jan, Wilkinson, Matthew, Wilmking, Martin, Wingate, Lisa, Winkler, Manuela, Wipf, Sonja, Wohlfahrt, Georg, Xenakis, Georgios, Yang, Yan, Yu, Zicheng, Yu, Kailiang, Zellweger, Florian, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Zhaochen, Zhao, Peng, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, Zimmermann, Reiner, Zong, Shengwei, Zyryanov, Viacheslav I., Nijs, Ivan, and Lenoir, Jonathan
Abstract: Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids do not reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions occur and most terrestrial species reside. Here, we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km2 resolution for 0-5 and 5-15 cm soil depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e. offset) between in situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km2 pixels (summarized from 8519 unique temperature sensors) across all the world's major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (+3.6 ± 2.3°C) than gridded air temperature, whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (-0.7 ± 2.3°C). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets emphasize that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on near-surface biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining geographic gaps by collecting more in situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.
Published: 2022

156. Frontiers in soil ecology—Insights from the World Biodiversity Forum 2022

Author: Eisenhauer, Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-6720, Bender, S Franz; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-2228, Calderón‐Sanou, Irene; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4608-1187, de Vries, Franciska T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-8883, Lembrechts, Jonas J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1933-0750, Thuiller, Wilfried; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5274, Wall, Diana H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-5235, Zeiss, Romy; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-9185, Bahram, Mohammad, Beugnon, Rémy; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-5688, Burton, Victoria J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0122-3292, Crowther, Thomas W; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-8913, Delgado‐Baquerizo, Manuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-576X, Geisen, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0734-727X, Kardol, Paul; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-3435, Krashevska, Valentyna; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9765-5833, Martínez‐Muñoz, Carlos A, Patoine, Guillaume; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3748-6644, Seeber, Julia; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-7377, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9584-2109, Steinwandter, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-6047, Sünnemann, Marie; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-258X, Sun, Xin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-649X, van der Heijden, Marcel G A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7040-1924, Guerra, Carlos A; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4917-2105, Potapov, Anton; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4456-1710, Eisenhauer, Nico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0371-6720, Bender, S Franz; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-2228, Calderón‐Sanou, Irene; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4608-1187, de Vries, Franciska T; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6822-8883, Lembrechts, Jonas J; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1933-0750, Thuiller, Wilfried; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5388-5274, Wall, Diana H; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9466-5235, Zeiss, Romy; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8862-9185, Bahram, Mohammad, Beugnon, Rémy; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2457-5688, Burton, Victoria J; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0122-3292, Crowther, Thomas W; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5674-8913, Delgado‐Baquerizo, Manuel; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6499-576X, Geisen, Stefan; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0734-727X, Kardol, Paul; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7065-3435, Krashevska, Valentyna; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9765-5833, Martínez‐Muñoz, Carlos A, Patoine, Guillaume; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3748-6644, Seeber, Julia; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0189-7377, Soudzilovskaia, Nadejda A; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9584-2109, Steinwandter, Michael; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8545-6047, Sünnemann, Marie; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5385-258X, Sun, Xin; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2782-649X, van der Heijden, Marcel G A; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7040-1924, Guerra, Carlos A; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4917-2105, and Potapov, Anton; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4456-1710
Abstract: Global change is affecting soil biodiversity and functioning across all terrestrial ecosystems. Still, much is unknown about how soil biodiversity and function will change in the future in response to simultaneous alterations in climate and land use, as well as other environmental drivers. It is crucial to understand the direct, indirect and interactive effects of global change drivers on soil communities and ecosystems across environmental contexts, not only today but also in the near future. This is particularly relevant for international efforts to tackle climate change like the Paris Agreement, and considering the failure to achieve the 2020 biodiversity targets, especially the target of halting soil degradation. Here, we outline the main frontiers related to soil ecology that were presented and discussed at the thematic sessions of the World Biodiversity Forum 2022 in Davos, Switzerland. We highlight multiple frontiers of knowledge associated with data integration, causal inference, soil biodiversity and function scenarios, critical soil biodiversity facets, underrepresented drivers, global collaboration, knowledge application and transdisciplinarity, as well as policy and public communication. These identified research priorities are not only of immediate interest to the scientific community but may also be considered in research priority programmes and calls for funding.
Published: 2022

157. Author Correction: A global test of ecoregions

Author: Smith, Jeffrey R., Letten, Andrew D., Ke, Po-Ju, Anderson, Christopher B., Hendershot, J. Nicholas, Dhami, Manpreet K., Dlott, Glade A., Grainger, Tess N., Howard, Meghan E., Morrison, Beth M. L., Routh, Devin, Juan, Priscilla A. San, Mooney, Harold A., Mordecai, Erin A., Crowther, Thomas W., and Daily, Gretchen C.
Published: 2019
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158. Carbon Source Reduction Postpones Autumn Leaf Senescence in a Widespread Deciduous Tree

Author: Maschler, Julia, primary, Keller, Jenna, additional, Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, additional, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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159. Lowland plant arrival in alpine ecosystems facilitates a decrease in soil carbon content under experimental climate warming

Author: Walker, Tom WN, primary, Gavazov, Konstantin, additional, Guillaume, Thomas, additional, Lambert, Thibault, additional, Mariotte, Pierre, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Signarbieux, Constant, additional, Block, Sebastián, additional, Münkemüller, Tamara, additional, Nomoto, Hanna, additional, Crowther, Thomas W, additional, Richter, Andreas, additional, Buttler, Alexandre, additional, and Alexander, Jake M, additional
Published: 2022
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160. Strategy games to improve environmental policymaking

Author: Garcia, Claude A., primary, Savilaakso, Sini, additional, Verburg, René W., additional, Stoudmann, Natasha, additional, Fernbach, Philip, additional, Sloman, Steven A., additional, Peterson, Garry D., additional, Araújo, Miguel B., additional, Bastin, Jean-François, additional, Blaser, Jürgen, additional, Boutinot, Laurence, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Dessard, Hélène, additional, Dray, Anne, additional, Francisco, Scott, additional, Ghazoul, Jaboury, additional, Feintrenie, Laurène, additional, Hainzelin, Etienne, additional, Kleinschroth, Fritz, additional, Naimi, Babak, additional, Novotny, Ivan P., additional, Oszwald, Johan, additional, Pietsch, Stephan A., additional, Quétier, Fabien, additional, Robinson, Brian E., additional, Sassen, Marieke, additional, Sist, Plinio, additional, Sunderland, Terry, additional, Vermeulen, Cédric, additional, Wilmé, Lucienne, additional, Wilson, Sarah J., additional, Zorondo-Rodríguez, Francisco, additional, and Waeber, Patrick O., additional
Published: 2022
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161. Author response: Lowland plant arrival in alpine ecosystems facilitates a decrease in soil carbon content under experimental climate warming

Author: Walker, Tom WN, primary, Gavazov, Konstantin, additional, Guillaume, Thomas, additional, Lambert, Thibault, additional, Mariotte, Pierre, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Signarbieux, Constant, additional, Block, Sebastián, additional, Münkemüller, Tamara, additional, Nomoto, Hanna, additional, Crowther, Thomas W, additional, Richter, Andreas, additional, Buttler, Alexandre, additional, and Alexander, Jake M, additional
Published: 2022
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162. Restor: Transparency and connectivity for the global environmental movement

Author: Crowther, Thomas W., primary, Thomas, Stephen M., additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Robmann, Niamh, additional, Chavarría, Alfredo, additional, Cottam, Andrew, additional, Cole, Rebecca, additional, Elliott, Thomas, additional, Clark, Emily, additional, Max, Simeon, additional, Danylo, Olga, additional, and Rowe, Clara, additional
Published: 2022
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163. Supplementary material to "The biogeography of relative abundance of soil fungi and bacteria in top surface soil"

Author: Yu, Kailiang, primary, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Wang, Zhiqiang, additional, Averill, Colin, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Smith, Gabriel R., additional, Drenovsky, Rebecca E., additional, Scow, Kate M., additional, Mo, Fei, additional, Waldrop, Mark P., additional, Yang, Yuanhe, additional, Tang, Weize, additional, De Vries, Franciska T., additional, Bardgett, Richard D., additional, Manning, Peter, additional, Bastida, Felipe, additional, Baer, Sara G., additional, Bach, Elizabeth M., additional, García, Carlos, additional, Wang, Qingkui, additional, Ma, Linna, additional, Chen, Baodong, additional, He, Xianjing, additional, Teurlincx, Sven, additional, Heijboer, Amber, additional, Bradley, James A., additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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164. The biogeography of relative abundance of soil fungi and bacteria in top surface soil

Author: Yu, Kailiang, primary, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Wang, Zhiqiang, additional, Averill, Colin, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Smith, Gabriel R., additional, Drenovsky, Rebecca E., additional, Scow, Kate M., additional, Mo, Fei, additional, Waldrop, Mark P., additional, Yang, Yuanhe, additional, Tang, Weize, additional, De Vries, Franciska T., additional, Bardgett, Richard D., additional, Manning, Peter, additional, Bastida, Felipe, additional, Baer, Sara G., additional, Bach, Elizabeth M., additional, García, Carlos, additional, Wang, Qingkui, additional, Ma, Linna, additional, Chen, Baodong, additional, He, Xianjing, additional, Teurlincx, Sven, additional, Heijboer, Amber, additional, Bradley, James A., additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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165. Uniting the scales of microbial biogeochemistry with trait‐based modelling

Author: Wan, Joe, primary and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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166. A reduction of the plant carbon source postpones autumn leaf senescence in birch seedlings

Author: Maschler, Julia, primary, Keller, Jenna, additional, Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, additional, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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167. Towards a new autumn phenology model integrating seasonal productivity, climate, and day length

Author: Zohner, Constantin M., primary, Mirzagholi, Leila, additional, Bucher, Raymo, additional, Renner, Susanne S., additional, Mo, Lidong, additional, Palouš, Daniel, additional, Vitasse, Yann, additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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168. Quantifying global phenological trends, their drivers, and the effects on terrestrial carbon uptake

Author: Mirzagholi, Leila, primary, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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169. The biogeographic distribution of forest functional types based on ground-sourced inventory data

Author: Ma, Haozhi, primary, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, Mo, Lidong, additional, Maynard, Daniel S., additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2022
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170. Long-term trends towards delayed autumn senescence prevail over short-term effects by high early-season CO2 assimilation

Author: Marqués, Laura, primary, Hufkens, Koen, additional, Bigler, Christof, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, and Stocker, Benjamin D., additional
Published: 2022
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171. Species-specific effects of soil fauna on fungal foraging and decomposition

Author: Crowther, Thomas W., Boddy, Lynne, and Jones, T. Hefın
Published: 2011

172. Acclimation of phenology relieves leaf longevity constraints in deciduous forests

Author: Marqués, Laura, Hufkens, Koen, Bigler, Christof, Crowther, Thomas W., Zohner, Constantin M., and Stocker, Benjamin D.
Abstract: Leaf phenology is key for regulating total growing season mass and energy fluxes. Long-term temporal trends towards earlier leaf unfolding are observed across Northern Hemisphere forests. Phenological dates also vary between years, whereby end-of-season (EOS) dates correlate positively with start-of-season (SOS) dates and negatively with growing season total net CO2 assimilation (Anet). These associations have been interpreted as the effect of a constrained leaf longevity or of premature carbon (C) sink saturation - with far-reaching consequences for long-term phenology projections under climate change and rising CO2. Here, we use multi-decadal ground and remote-sensing observations to show that the relationships between Anet and EOS are opposite at the interannual and the decadal time scales. A decadal trend towards later EOS persists in parallel with a trend towards increasing Anet - in spite of the negative Anet-EOS relationship at the interannual scale. This indicates that acclimation of phenology has enabled plants to transcend a constrained leaf longevity or premature C sink saturation over the course of several decades, leading to a more effective use of available light and a sustained extension of the vegetation CO2 uptake season over time., bioRxiv
Published: 2022

173. Supplementary Material for Werden et al. 2021 from Below-ground traits mediate tree survival in a tropical dry forest restoration

Author: Werden, Leland K., Averill, Colin, Crowther, Thomas W., Calderón-Morales, Erick, Toro, Laura, Alvarado J., Pedro, Gutiérrez L., Milena, Mallory, Danielle E., and Powers, Jennifer S.
Abstract: Reforestation is one of our most promising natural climate solutions, and one that addresses the looming biodiversity crisis. Tree planting can catalyse forest community reassembly in degraded landscapes where natural regeneration is slow, however, tree survival rates vary remarkably across projects. Building a trait-based framework for tree survival could streamline species selection in a way that generalizes across ecosystems, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the global restoration movement. We investigated how traits mediated seedling survival in a tropical dry forest restoration, and how traits were coordinated across plant structures. We examined growth and survival of 14 species for 2 years and measured six below-ground and 22 above-ground traits. Species-level survival ranged widely from 7.8% to 90.1%, and a model including growth rate, below-ground traits and their interaction explained more than 73% of this variation. A strong interaction between below-ground traits and growth rate indicated that selecting species with fast growth rates can promote establishment, but this effect was most apparent for species that invest in thick fine roots and deep root structures. Overall, results emphasize the prominent role of below-ground traits in determining early restoration outcomes, and highlight little above- and below-ground trait coordination, providing a path forward for tropical dry forest restoration efforts.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Understanding forest landscape restoration: reinforcing scientific foundations for the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration’.
Published: 2022
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174. Refining stoichiometric approaches to trace soil organic matter sources.

Author: Chang, Yi, Ji, Dechang, Sokol, Noah W., van Groenigen, Kees Jan, Bradford, Mark A., Crowther, Thomas W., Liang, Chao, Luo, Yiqi, Kuzyakov, Yakov, Wang, Jingkuan, and Ding, Fan
Subjects: ORGANIC compounds, PLANT residues
Abstract: In their Letter‐to‐Editor, Liu & Chen (2024) raised the importance and suitability of our recent stoichiometric approach to assess the contribution of plant residue (litter) and microbial sources to mineral‐associated organic matter (MAOM). We highly appreciate their Letter as well as the further suggestion and comments and offer two points of clarification. We call for staying aware of methodological benefits and limitations of each approach, and further develop and compare multiple methods to develop a clearer picture of where and to what extent MAOM is formed from direct vs. indirect (via the microbial funnel) plant inputs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2024
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175. Global maps of soil temperature

Author: Lembrechts, Jonas J., primary, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Aalto, Juha, additional, Ashcroft, Michael B., additional, De Frenne, Pieter, additional, Kemppinen, Julia, additional, Kopecký, Martin, additional, Luoto, Miska, additional, Maclean, Ilya M. D., additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Bailey, Joseph J., additional, Haesen, Stef, additional, Klinges, David H., additional, Niittynen, Pekka, additional, Scheffers, Brett R., additional, Van Meerbeek, Koenraad, additional, Aartsma, Peter, additional, Abdalaze, Otar, additional, Abedi, Mehdi, additional, Aerts, Rien, additional, Ahmadian, Negar, additional, Ahrends, Antje, additional, Alatalo, Juha M., additional, Alexander, Jake M., additional, Allonsius, Camille Nina, additional, Altman, Jan, additional, Ammann, Christof, additional, Andres, Christian, additional, Andrews, Christopher, additional, Ardö, Jonas, additional, Arriga, Nicola, additional, Arzac, Alberto, additional, Aschero, Valeria, additional, Assis, Rafael L., additional, Assmann, Jakob Johann, additional, Bader, Maaike Y., additional, Bahalkeh, Khadijeh, additional, Barančok, Peter, additional, Barrio, Isabel C., additional, Barros, Agustina, additional, Barthel, Matti, additional, Basham, Edmund W., additional, Bauters, Marijn, additional, Bazzichetto, Manuele, additional, Marchesini, Luca Belelli, additional, Bell, Michael C., additional, Benavides, Juan C., additional, Benito Alonso, José Luis, additional, Berauer, Bernd J., additional, Bjerke, Jarle W., additional, Björk, Robert G., additional, Björkman, Mats P., additional, Björnsdóttir, Katrin, additional, Blonder, Benjamin, additional, Boeckx, Pascal, additional, Boike, Julia, additional, Bokhorst, Stef, additional, Brum, Bárbara N. S., additional, Brůna, Josef, additional, Buchmann, Nina, additional, Buysse, Pauline, additional, Camargo, José Luís, additional, Campoe, Otávio C., additional, Candan, Onur, additional, Canessa, Rafaella, additional, Cannone, Nicoletta, additional, Carbognani, Michele, additional, Carnicer, Jofre, additional, Casanova‐Katny, Angélica, additional, Cesarz, Simone, additional, Chojnicki, Bogdan, additional, Choler, Philippe, additional, Chown, Steven L., additional, Cifuentes, Edgar F., additional, Čiliak, Marek, additional, Contador, Tamara, additional, Convey, Peter, additional, Cooper, Elisabeth J., additional, Cremonese, Edoardo, additional, Curasi, Salvatore R., additional, Curtis, Robin, additional, Cutini, Maurizio, additional, Dahlberg, C. Johan, additional, Daskalova, Gergana N., additional, de Pablo, Miguel Angel, additional, Della Chiesa, Stefano, additional, Dengler, Jürgen, additional, Deronde, Bart, additional, Descombes, Patrice, additional, Di Cecco, Valter, additional, Di Musciano, Michele, additional, Dick, Jan, additional, Dimarco, Romina D., additional, Dolezal, Jiri, additional, Dorrepaal, Ellen, additional, Dušek, Jiří, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Eklundh, Lars, additional, Erickson, Todd E., additional, Erschbamer, Brigitta, additional, Eugster, Werner, additional, Ewers, Robert M., additional, Exton, Dan A., additional, Fanin, Nicolas, additional, Fazlioglu, Fatih, additional, Feigenwinter, Iris, additional, Fenu, Giuseppe, additional, Ferlian, Olga, additional, Fernández Calzado, M. Rosa, additional, Fernández‐Pascual, Eduardo, additional, Finckh, Manfred, additional, Higgens, Rebecca Finger, additional, Forte, T'ai G. W., additional, Freeman, Erika C., additional, Frei, Esther R., additional, Fuentes‐Lillo, Eduardo, additional, García, Rafael A., additional, García, María B., additional, Géron, Charly, additional, Gharun, Mana, additional, Ghosn, Dany, additional, Gigauri, Khatuna, additional, Gobin, Anne, additional, Goded, Ignacio, additional, Goeckede, Mathias, additional, Gottschall, Felix, additional, Goulding, Keith, additional, Govaert, Sanne, additional, Graae, Bente Jessen, additional, Greenwood, Sarah, additional, Greiser, Caroline, additional, Grelle, Achim, additional, Guénard, Benoit, additional, Guglielmin, Mauro, additional, Guillemot, Joannès, additional, Haase, Peter, additional, Haider, Sylvia, additional, Halbritter, Aud H., additional, Hamid, Maroof, additional, Hammerle, Albin, additional, Hampe, Arndt, additional, Haugum, Siri V., additional, Hederová, Lucia, additional, Heinesch, Bernard, additional, Helfter, Carole, additional, Hepenstrick, Daniel, additional, Herberich, Maximiliane, additional, Herbst, Mathias, additional, Hermanutz, Luise, additional, Hik, David S., additional, Hoffrén, Raúl, additional, Homeier, Jürgen, additional, Hörtnagl, Lukas, additional, Høye, Toke T., additional, Hrbacek, Filip, additional, Hylander, Kristoffer, additional, Iwata, Hiroki, additional, Jackowicz‐Korczynski, Marcin Antoni, additional, Jactel, Hervé, additional, Järveoja, Järvi, additional, Jastrzębowski, Szymon, additional, Jentsch, Anke, additional, Jiménez, Juan J., additional, Jónsdóttir, Ingibjörg S., additional, Jucker, Tommaso, additional, Jump, Alistair S., additional, Juszczak, Radoslaw, additional, Kanka, Róbert, additional, Kašpar, Vít, additional, Kazakis, George, additional, Kelly, Julia, additional, Khuroo, Anzar A., additional, Klemedtsson, Leif, additional, Klisz, Marcin, additional, Kljun, Natascha, additional, Knohl, Alexander, additional, Kobler, Johannes, additional, Kollár, Jozef, additional, Kotowska, Martyna M., additional, Kovács, Bence, additional, Kreyling, Juergen, additional, Lamprecht, Andrea, additional, Lang, Simone I., additional, Larson, Christian, additional, Larson, Keith, additional, Laska, Kamil, additional, le Maire, Guerric, additional, Leihy, Rachel I., additional, Lens, Luc, additional, Liljebladh, Bengt, additional, Lohila, Annalea, additional, Lorite, Juan, additional, Loubet, Benjamin, additional, Lynn, Joshua, additional, Macek, Martin, additional, Mackenzie, Roy, additional, Magliulo, Enzo, additional, Maier, Regine, additional, Malfasi, Francesco, additional, Máliš, František, additional, Man, Matěj, additional, Manca, Giovanni, additional, Manco, Antonio, additional, Manise, Tanguy, additional, Manolaki, Paraskevi, additional, Marciniak, Felipe, additional, Matula, Radim, additional, Mazzolari, Ana Clara, additional, Medinets, Sergiy, additional, Medinets, Volodymyr, additional, Meeussen, Camille, additional, Merinero, Sonia, additional, Mesquita, Rita de Cássia Guimarães, additional, Meusburger, Katrin, additional, Meysman, Filip J. R., additional, Michaletz, Sean T., additional, Milbau, Ann, additional, Moiseev, Dmitry, additional, Moiseev, Pavel, additional, Mondoni, Andrea, additional, Monfries, Ruth, additional, Montagnani, Leonardo, additional, Moriana‐Armendariz, Mikel, additional, Morra di Cella, Umberto, additional, Mörsdorf, Martin, additional, Mosedale, Jonathan R., additional, Muffler, Lena, additional, Muñoz‐Rojas, Miriam, additional, Myers, Jonathan A., additional, Myers‐Smith, Isla H., additional, Nagy, Laszlo, additional, Nardino, Marianna, additional, Naujokaitis‐Lewis, Ilona, additional, Newling, Emily, additional, Nicklas, Lena, additional, Niedrist, Georg, additional, Niessner, Armin, additional, Nilsson, Mats B., additional, Normand, Signe, additional, Nosetto, Marcelo D., additional, Nouvellon, Yann, additional, Nuñez, Martin A., additional, Ogaya, Romà, additional, Ogée, Jérôme, additional, Okello, Joseph, additional, Olejnik, Janusz, additional, Olesen, Jørgen Eivind, additional, Opedal, Øystein H., additional, Orsenigo, Simone, additional, Palaj, Andrej, additional, Pampuch, Timo, additional, Panov, Alexey V., additional, Pärtel, Meelis, additional, Pastor, Ada, additional, Pauchard, Aníbal, additional, Pauli, Harald, additional, Pavelka, Marian, additional, Pearse, William D., additional, Peichl, Matthias, additional, Pellissier, Loïc, additional, Penczykowski, Rachel M., additional, Penuelas, Josep, additional, Petit Bon, Matteo, additional, Petraglia, Alessandro, additional, Phartyal, Shyam S., additional, Phoenix, Gareth K., additional, Pio, Casimiro, additional, Pitacco, Andrea, additional, Pitteloud, Camille, additional, Plichta, Roman, additional, Porro, Francesco, additional, Portillo‐Estrada, Miguel, additional, Poulenard, Jérôme, additional, Poyatos, Rafael, additional, Prokushkin, Anatoly S., additional, Puchalka, Radoslaw, additional, Pușcaș, Mihai, additional, Radujković, Dajana, additional, Randall, Krystal, additional, Ratier Backes, Amanda, additional, Remmele, Sabine, additional, Remmers, Wolfram, additional, Renault, David, additional, Risch, Anita C., additional, Rixen, Christian, additional, Robinson, Sharon A., additional, Robroek, Bjorn J. M., additional, Rocha, Adrian V., additional, Rossi, Christian, additional, Rossi, Graziano, additional, Roupsard, Olivier, additional, Rubtsov, Alexey V., additional, Saccone, Patrick, additional, Sagot, Clotilde, additional, Sallo Bravo, Jhonatan, additional, Santos, Cinthya C., additional, Sarneel, Judith M., additional, Scharnweber, Tobias, additional, Schmeddes, Jonas, additional, Schmidt, Marius, additional, Scholten, Thomas, additional, Schuchardt, Max, additional, Schwartz, Naomi, additional, Scott, Tony, additional, Seeber, Julia, additional, Segalin de Andrade, Ana Cristina, additional, Seipel, Tim, additional, Semenchuk, Philipp, additional, Senior, Rebecca A., additional, Serra‐Diaz, Josep M., additional, Sewerniak, Piotr, additional, Shekhar, Ankit, additional, Sidenko, Nikita V., additional, Siebicke, Lukas, additional, Siegwart Collier, Laura, additional, Simpson, Elizabeth, additional, Siqueira, David P., additional, Sitková, Zuzana, additional, Six, Johan, additional, Smiljanic, Marko, additional, Smith, Stuart W., additional, Smith‐Tripp, Sarah, additional, Somers, Ben, additional, Sørensen, Mia Vedel, additional, Souza, José João L. L., additional, Souza, Bartolomeu Israel, additional, Souza Dias, Arildo, additional, Spasojevic, Marko J., additional, Speed, James D. M., additional, Spicher, Fabien, additional, Stanisci, Angela, additional, Steinbauer, Klaus, additional, Steinbrecher, Rainer, additional, Steinwandter, Michael, additional, Stemkovski, Michael, additional, Stephan, Jörg G., additional, Stiegler, Christian, additional, Stoll, Stefan, additional, Svátek, Martin, additional, Svoboda, Miroslav, additional, Tagesson, Torbern, additional, Tanentzap, Andrew J., additional, Tanneberger, Franziska, additional, Theurillat, Jean‐Paul, additional, Thomas, Haydn J. D., additional, Thomas, Andrew D., additional, Tielbörger, Katja, additional, Tomaselli, Marcello, additional, Treier, Urs Albert, additional, Trouillier, Mario, additional, Turtureanu, Pavel Dan, additional, Tutton, Rosamond, additional, Tyystjärvi, Vilna A., additional, Ueyama, Masahito, additional, Ujházy, Karol, additional, Ujházyová, Mariana, additional, Uogintas, Domas, additional, Urban, Anastasiya V., additional, Urban, Josef, additional, Urbaniak, Marek, additional, Ursu, Tudor‐Mihai, additional, Vaccari, Francesco Primo, additional, Van de Vondel, Stijn, additional, van den Brink, Liesbeth, additional, Van Geel, Maarten, additional, Vandvik, Vigdis, additional, Vangansbeke, Pieter, additional, Varlagin, Andrej, additional, Veen, G. F., additional, Veenendaal, Elmar, additional, Venn, Susanna E., additional, Verbeeck, Hans, additional, Verbrugggen, Erik, additional, Verheijen, Frank G. A., additional, Villar, Luis, additional, Vitale, Luca, additional, Vittoz, Pascal, additional, Vives‐Ingla, Maria, additional, von Oppen, Jonathan, additional, Walz, Josefine, additional, Wang, Runxi, additional, Wang, Yifeng, additional, Way, Robert G., additional, Wedegärtner, Ronja E. M., additional, Weigel, Robert, additional, Wild, Jan, additional, Wilkinson, Matthew, additional, Wilmking, Martin, additional, Wingate, Lisa, additional, Winkler, Manuela, additional, Wipf, Sonja, additional, Wohlfahrt, Georg, additional, Xenakis, Georgios, additional, Yang, Yan, additional, Yu, Zicheng, additional, Yu, Kailiang, additional, Zellweger, Florian, additional, Zhang, Jian, additional, Zhang, Zhaochen, additional, Zhao, Peng, additional, Ziemblińska, Klaudia, additional, Zimmermann, Reiner, additional, Zong, Shengwei, additional, Zyryanov, Viacheslav I., additional, Nijs, Ivan, additional, and Lenoir, Jonathan, additional
Published: 2022
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176. Acclimation of phenology relieves leaf longevity constraints in deciduous forests

Author: Marques, Laura, primary, Hufkens, Koen, additional, Bigler, Christof, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, and Stocker, Benjamin D., additional
Published: 2022
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177. Globally invariant metabolism but density-diversity mismatch in springtails

Author: Potapov, Anton M., primary, Guerra, Carlos A., additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Babenko, Anatoly, additional, Bellini, Bruno C., additional, Berg, Matty P., additional, Chown, Steven L., additional, Deharveng, Louis, additional, Kováč, Ľubomír, additional, Kuznetsova, Natalia A., additional, Ponge, Jean-François, additional, Potapov, Mikhail B., additional, Russell, David J., additional, Alexandre, Douglas, additional, Alatalo, Juha M., additional, Arbea, Javier I., additional, Bandyopadhyay, Ipsa, additional, Bernava, Verónica, additional, Bokhorst, Stef, additional, Bolger, Thomas, additional, Castaño-Meneses, Gabriela, additional, Chauvat, Matthieu, additional, Chen, Ting-Wen, additional, Chomel, Mathilde, additional, Classen, Aimee T., additional, Cortet, Jerome, additional, Čuchta, Peter, additional, de la Pedrosa, Ana Manuela, additional, Ferreira, Susana S. D., additional, Fiera, Cristina, additional, Filser, Juliane, additional, Franken, Oscar, additional, Fujii, Saori, additional, Koudji, Essivi Gagnon, additional, Gao, Meixiang, additional, Gendreau-Berthiaume, Benoit, additional, Gomez-Pamies, Diego F., additional, Greve, Michelle, additional, Handa, I. Tanya, additional, Heiniger, Charlène, additional, Holmstrup, Martin, additional, Homet, Pablo, additional, Ivask, Mari, additional, Janion-Scheepers, Charlene, additional, Jochum, Malte, additional, Joimel, Sophie, additional, Jorge, Bruna Claudia S., additional, Jucevica, Edite, additional, Iuñes de Oliveira Filho, Luís Carlos, additional, Klauberg-Filho, Osmar, additional, Baretta, Dilmar, additional, Krab, Eveline J., additional, Kuu, Annely, additional, de Lima, Estevam C. A., additional, Lin, Dunmei, additional, Liu, Amy, additional, Lu, Jing-Zhong, additional, Luciañez, María José, additional, Marx, Michael T., additional, McCary, Matthew M., additional, Minor, Maria A., additional, Nakamori, Taizo, additional, Negri, Ilaria, additional, Ochoa-Hueso, Raúl, additional, Palacios-Vargas, José G., additional, Pollierer, Melanie M., additional, Querner, Pascal, additional, Raschmanová, Natália, additional, Rashid, Muhammad Imtiaz, additional, Raymond-Léonard, Laura J., additional, Rousseau, Laurent, additional, Saifutdinov, Ruslan A., additional, Salmon, Sandrine, additional, Sayer, Emma J., additional, Scheunemann, Nicole, additional, Scholz, Cornelia, additional, Seeber, Julia, additional, Shveenkova, Yulia B., additional, Stebaeva, Sophya K., additional, Sterzynska, Maria, additional, Sun, Xin, additional, Susanti, Winda I, additional, Taskaeva, Anastasia A., additional, Thakur, Madhav P., additional, Tsiafouli, Maria A., additional, Turnbull, Matthew S., additional, Twala, Mthokozisi N., additional, Uvarov, Alexei V., additional, Venier, Lisa A., additional, Widenfalk, Lina A., additional, Winck, Bruna R., additional, Winkler, Daniel, additional, Wu, Donghui, additional, Xie, Zhijing, additional, Yin, Rui, additional, Zeppelini, Douglas, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, and Scheu, Stefan, additional
Published: 2022
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178. Priming effects in soils across Europe

Author: Siles, José A., primary, Díaz‐López, Marta, additional, Vera, Alfonso, additional, Eisenhauer, Nico, additional, Guerra, Carlos A., additional, Smith, Linnea C., additional, Buscot, François, additional, Reitz, Thomas, additional, Breitkreuz, Claudia, additional, Hoogen, Johan, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Orgiazzi, Alberto, additional, Kuzyakov, Yakov, additional, Delgado‐Baquerizo, Manuel, additional, and Bastida, Felipe, additional
Published: 2022
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179. Lowland plant migrations into alpine ecosystems amplify soil carbon loss under climate warming

Author: Walker, Tom W.N., Gavazov, Konstantin, Guillaume, Thomas, Lambert, Thibault, Mariotte, Pierre, Routh, Devin, Signarbieux, Constant, Block, Sebastián, Münkemüller, Tamara, Nomoto, Hanna, Crowther, Thomas W., Richter, Andreas, Buttler, Alexandre, and Alexander, Jake M.
Subjects: food and beverages
Abstract: Climate warming is releasing carbon from soils around the world, constituting a positive climate feedback. Warming is also causing species to expand their ranges into new ecosystems Yet, in most ecosystems, whether range expanding species will amplify or buffer expected soil carbon loss is unknown. Here we used alpine grasslands as a model system to determine whether the establishment of herbaceous lowland plants in alpine ecosystems influences short-term soil carbon storage under warming. We found that warming (
Published: 2021

180. Acclimation of phenology relieves leaf longevity constraints in deciduous forests.

Author: Marqués, Laura, Hufkens, Koen, Bigler, Christof, Crowther, Thomas W., Zohner, Constantin M., and Stocker, Benjamin D.
Published: 2023
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181. Integrating pH into the metabolic theory of ecology to predict bacterial diversity in soil.

Author: Lu Luan, Yuji Jian, Dini-Andreote, Francisco, Crowther, Thomas W., Pengfa Li, Bahram, Mohammad, Jie Zheng, Qinsong Xu, Xue-Xian Zhang, and Bo Sun
Subjects: BACTERIAL diversity, BACTERIAL ecology, MICROBIAL diversity, SOIL temperature, PSEUDOMONAS fluorescens
Abstract: Microorganisms play essential roles in soil ecosystem functioning and maintenance, but methods are currently lacking for quantitative assessments of the mechanisms underlying microbial diversity patterns observed across disparate systems and scales. Here we established a quantitative model to incorporate pH into metabolic theory to capture and explain some of the unexplained variation in the relationship between temperature and soil bacterial diversity. We then tested and validated our newly developed models across multiple scales of ecological organization. At the species level, we modeled the diversification rate of the model bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescens evolving under laboratory media gradients varying in temperature and pH. At the community level, we modeled patterns of bacterial communities in paddy soils across a continental scale, which included natural gradients of pH and temperature. Last, we further extended our model at a global scale by integrating a meta-analysis comprising 870 soils collected worldwide from a wide range of ecosystems. Our results were robust in consistently predicting the distributional patterns of bacterial diversity across soil temperature and pH gradients--with model variation explaining from 7 to 66% of the variation in bacterial diversity, depending on the scale and system complexity. Together, our study represents a nexus point for the integration of soil bacterial diversity and quantitative models with the potential to be used at distinct spatiotemporal scales. By mechanistically representing pH into metabolic theory, our study enhances our capacity to explain and predict the patterns of bacterial diversity and functioning under current or future climate change scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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182. Soils in warmer and less developed countries have less micronutrients globally.

Author: Moreno‐Jiménez, Eduardo, Maestre, Fernando T., Flagmeier, Maren, Guirado, Emilio, Berdugo, Miguel, Bastida, Felipe, Dacal, Marina, Díaz‐Martínez, Paloma, Ochoa‐Hueso, Raúl, Plaza, César, Rillig, Matthias C., Crowther, Thomas W., and Delgado‐Baquerizo, Manuel
Subjects: DEVELOPING countries, RANGELANDS, MICRONUTRIENTS, RANGE management, TOPSOIL, SOILS
Abstract: Soil micronutrients are capital for the delivery of ecosystem functioning and food provision worldwide. Yet, despite their importance, the global biogeography and ecological drivers of soil micronutrients remain virtually unknown, limiting our capacity to anticipate abrupt unexpected changes in soil micronutrients in the face of climate change. Here, we analyzed >1300 topsoil samples to examine the global distribution of six metallic micronutrients (Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Co and Ni) across all continents, climates and vegetation types. We found that warmer arid and tropical ecosystems, present in the least developed countries, sustain the lowest contents of multiple soil micronutrients. We further provide evidence that temperature increases may potentially result in abrupt and simultaneous reductions in the content of multiple soil micronutrients when a temperature threshold of 12–14°C is crossed, which may be occurring on 3% of the planet over the next century. Altogether, our findings provide fundamental understanding of the global distribution of soil micronutrients, with direct implications for the maintenance of ecosystem functioning, rangeland management and food production in the warmest and poorest regions of the planet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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183. Below-ground traits mediate tree survival in a tropical dry forest restoration.

Author: Werden, Leland K., Averill, Colin, Crowther, Thomas W., Calderón-Morales, Erick, Toro, Laura, J., Pedro Alvarado, L., Milena Gutiérrez, Mallory, Danielle E., and Powers, Jennifer S.
Abstract: Reforestation is one of our most promising natural climate solutions, and one that addresses the looming biodiversity crisis. Tree planting can catalyse forest community reassembly in degraded landscapes where natural regeneration is slow, however, tree survival rates vary remarkably across projects. Building a trait-based framework for tree survival could streamline species selection in a way that generalizes across ecosystems, thereby increasing the effectiveness of the global restoration movement. We investigated how traits mediated seedling survival in a tropical dry forest restoration, and how traits were coordinated across plant structures. We examined growth and survival of 14 species for 2 years and measured six below-ground and 22 above-ground traits. Species-level survival ranged widely from 7.8% to 90.1%, and a model including growth rate, below-ground traits and their interaction explained more than 73% of this variation. A strong interaction between below-ground traits and growth rate indicated that selecting species with fast growth rates can promote establishment, but this effect was most apparent for species that invest in thick fine roots and deep root structures. Overall, results emphasize the prominent role of below-ground traits in determining early restoration outcomes, and highlight little above- and below-ground trait coordination, providing a path forward for tropical dry forest restoration efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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184. Using ecological networks to answer questions in global biogeography and ecology.

Author: Windsor, Fredric M., van den Hoogen, Johan, Crowther, Thomas W., and Evans, Darren M.
Subjects: DATA libraries, RESTORATION ecology, BIOGEOGRAPHY, SPECIES distribution, CONSERVATION & restoration
Abstract: Ecological networks have classically been studied at site and landscape scales, yet recent efforts have been made to collate these data into global repositories. This offers an opportunity to integrate and upscale knowledge about ecological interactions from local to global scales to gain enhanced insights from the mechanistic information provided by these data. By drawing on existing research investigating patterns in ecological interactions at continental to global scales, we show how data on ecological networks, collected at appropriate scales, can be used to generate an improved understanding of many aspects of ecology and biogeography—for example, species distribution modelling, restoration ecology and conservation. We argue that by understanding the patterns in the structure and function of ecological networks across scales, it is possible to enhance our understanding of the natural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2023
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185. The role of bottom-up and top-down interactions in determining microbial and fungal diversity and function

Author: Crowther, Thomas W., primary and Grossart, Hans-Peter, additional
Published: 2015
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186. Using Model Analysis to Unveil Hidden Patterns in Tropical Forest Structures

Author: Picard, Nicolas, primary, Mortier, Frédéric, additional, Ploton, Pierre, additional, Liang, Jingjing, additional, Derroire, Géraldine, additional, Bastin, Jean-François, additional, Ayyappan, Narayanan, additional, Bénédet, Fabrice, additional, Boyemba Bosela, Faustin, additional, Clark, Connie J., additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier, additional, Forni, Éric, additional, Harris, David, additional, Ngomanda, Alfred, additional, Poulsen, John R., additional, Sonké, Bonaventure, additional, Couteron, Pierre, additional, and Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, additional
Published: 2021
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187. Belowground community turnover accelerates the decomposition of standing dead wood

Author: Bradford, Mark A., primary, Maynard, Daniel S., additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Frankson, Paul T., additional, Mohan, Jacqueline E., additional, Steinrueck, Corinna, additional, Veen, G. F. (Ciska), additional, King, Joshua R., additional, and Warren, Robert J., additional
Published: 2021
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188. Global trade-offs in tree functional traits

Author: Maynard, Daniel S., primary, Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, additional, Zohner, Constantin M., additional, Averill, Colin, additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Ma, Haozhi, additional, Mo, Lidong, additional, Smith, Gabriel Reuben, additional, Aubin, Isabelle, additional, Berenguer, Erika, additional, Boonman, Coline C.F., additional, Catford, Jane, additional, Cerabolini, Bruno E.L., additional, Dias, Arildo, additional, González-Melo, Andrés, additional, Heitz, Peter, additional, Lusk, Christopher H., additional, Mori, Akira S., additional, Niinemets, Ülo, additional, Pillar, Valério D., additional, Rosell, Julieta A., additional, Schurr, Frank M., additional, Sheremetev, Serge N., additional, da Silva, Ana Carolina, additional, Sosinski, Ênio, additional, van Bodegom, Peter M., additional, Weiher, Evan, additional, Bönisch, Gerhard, additional, Kattge, Jens, additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2021
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189. How changes in spring and autumn phenology translate into growth - experimental evidence of asymmetric effects

Author: Zohner, Constantin M., Renner, Susanne S., Sebald, Veronica, and Crowther, Thomas W.
Subjects: Leaf-out, Phenology, fungi, food and beverages, Carbon cycle, Climate-warming experiment, Senescence, Plant growth
Abstract: 1. Earlier leaf-out and later autumn leaf senescence under climate warming have been linked to increases in plant productivity and ecosystem carbon uptake. Yet, despite the potential implications of shifting phenology for plant carbon uptake, the degree to which phenological changes affect overall plant growth and the partitioning between above- and belowground biomass remains unclear. 2. Here we use a three-year experiment to quantify changes in root and shoot growth of three woody plant species (two common European tree species,Fagus sylvaticaandQuercus robur, and one shrubLonicera xylosteum) under spring and autumn warming. 3. In the trees, the magnitude – and inQuercuseven the direction – of the effects of growing-season length on growth depends on whether the warming happened in spring or in autumn. Each day earlierleaf-out in response to warming resulted in total biomass increases of 0.8–2.5%, whereasdelayed senescence led to reductions of 0.2–2.1%. Advances in leaf-out also led to increased root-to-shoot biomass ratios because root growth was proportionally more stimulated than shoot growth. In the shrub, earlier leaf-out had no effect, while delayed senescence led to increases in root, but not shoot, biomass. 4.Synthesis.The strong asymmetry between growth responses to spring versus autumn phenology demonstrates that growing-season lengthper seis a weak indicator of individual-level tree productivity. The results further imply that phenological shifts are reshaping the functional balance between above- and belowground growth, which is critical for quantifying forest carbon dynamics under climate change.
Published: 2021
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190. Links across ecological scales: Plant biomass responses to elevated CO2.

Author: Maschler, Julia, Bialic‐Murphy, Lalasia, Wan, Joe, Andresen, Louise C., Zohner, Constantin M., Reich, Peter B., Lüscher, Andreas, Schneider, Manuel K., Müller, Christoph, Moser, Gerald, Dukes, Jeffrey S., Schmidt, Inger Kappel, Bilton, Mark C., Zhu, Kai, and Crowther, Thomas W.
Subjects: COMMUNITIES, CARBON cycle, GEOLOGICAL carbon sequestration
Abstract: The degree to which elevated CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) increase the amount of carbon (C) assimilated by vegetation plays a key role in climate change. However, due to the short‐term nature of CO2 enrichment experiments and the lack of reconciliation between different ecological scales, the effect of e[CO2] on plant biomass stocks remains a major uncertainty in future climate projections. Here, we review the effect of e[CO2] on plant biomass across multiple levels of ecological organization, scaling from physiological responses to changes in population‐, community‐, ecosystem‐, and global‐scale dynamics. We find that evidence for a sustained biomass response to e[CO2] varies across ecological scales, leading to diverging conclusions about the responses of individuals, populations, communities, and ecosystems. While the distinct focus of every scale reveals new mechanisms driving biomass accumulation under e[CO2], none of them provides a full picture of all relevant processes. For example, while physiological evidence suggests a possible long‐term basis for increased biomass accumulation under e[CO2] through sustained photosynthetic stimulation, population‐scale evidence indicates that a possible e[CO2]‐induced increase in mortality rates might potentially outweigh the effect of increases in plant growth rates on biomass levels. Evidence at the global scale may indicate that e[CO2] has contributed to increased biomass cover over recent decades, but due to the difficulty to disentangle the effect of e[CO2] from a variety of climatic and land‐use‐related drivers of plant biomass stocks, it remains unclear whether nutrient limitations or other ecological mechanisms operating at finer scales will dampen the e[CO2] effect over time. By exploring these discrepancies, we identify key research gaps in our understanding of the effect of e[CO2] on plant biomass and highlight the need to integrate knowledge across scales of ecological organization so that large‐scale modeling can represent the finer‐scale mechanisms needed to constrain our understanding of future terrestrial C storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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191. High-resolution maps of above- and belowground woody biomass in China from 2003 to 2020.

Author: Yongzhe Chen, Xiaoming Feng, Bojie Fu, Haozhi Ma, Zohner, Constantin M., Crowther, Thomas W., Yuanyuan Huang, Xutong Wu, and Fangli Wei
Subjects: MICROWAVE remote sensing, FOREST biomass, BIOMASS, DECOMPOSITION method, PLATEAUS, REMOTE sensing
Abstract: To quantify the ecological consequences of recent nation-wide restoration efforts in China, spatially-explicit information on woody biomass changes over the 21st century is critical. However, long-term biomass tracking at the national scale remains challenging as it requires continuous and high-resolution monitoring. Here, we mapped above- and belowground biomass (AGB and BGB) for woody vegetation in China between 2003 and 2020 at ~1 km spatial resolution by integrating multiple types of remote sensing observations with intensive field plot measurements through machine learning and mixed-pixel decomposition methods. On average, 11.0 ± 0.7 and 2.8 ± 0.2 PgC are stored in above- and belowground live woody biomass in China. Over the last 18 years, the total woody biomass carbon in China has increased at a rate of 163.8 TgC yr-1 (0.5% yr-1). The most pronounced biomass gains occurred in central to southern China, including the southern Loess Plateau, Qinling Mountains, southwest karst and southeast forests. The combined use of low-frequency (Lband, etc.) microwaves and laser remote sensing data provides a powerful tool to minimize under- or overestimation of biomass variation in space and time. Future research is needed to explore the drivers of the observed woody biomass trends, and to evaluate the degree to which biomass gains will translate into biodiverse, healthy ecosystems and thus are sustainable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published: 2022
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192. Lowland plant arrival in alpine ecosystems facilitates a decrease in soil carbon content under experimental climate warming

Author: Walker, Tom W. N., primary, Gavazov, Konstantin, additional, Guillaume, Thomas, additional, Lambert, Thibault, additional, Mariotte, Pierre, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Signarbieux, Constant, additional, Block, Sebastián, additional, Münkemüller, Tamara, additional, Nomoto, Hanna, additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, Richter, Andreas, additional, Buttler, Alexandre, additional, and Alexander, Jake M., additional
Published: 2021
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193. A geospatial mapping pipeline for ecologists

Author: van den Hoogen, Johan, primary, Robmann, Niamh, additional, Routh, Devin, additional, Lauber, Thomas, additional, van Tiel, Nina, additional, Danylo, Olga, additional, and Crowther, Thomas W., additional
Published: 2021
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194. Mapping tree species for restoration potential resilient to climate change

Author: van Tiel, Nina, primary, Lyu, Lisha, additional, Fopp, Fabian, additional, Brun, Philipp, additional, van den Hoogen, Johan, additional, Karger, Dirk Nikolaus, additional, Zimmermann, Niklaus E., additional, Crowther, Thomas W., additional, and Pellissier, Loïc, additional
Published: 2021
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195. Global maps of soil temperature

Author: Lembrechts, Jonas, van den Hoogen, Johan, Aalto, Juha, Ashcroft, Michael B., De Frenne, Pieter, Kemppinen, Julia, Kopecký, Martin, Luoto, Miska, Maclean, Ilya M.D., Crowther, Thomas W., Allonsius, Camille, Géron, Charly, Meysman, Filip, Van de Vondel, Stijn, and Nijs, Ivan
Subjects: Biology
Abstract: Research in global change ecology relies heavily on global climatic grids derived from estimates of air temperature in open areas at around 2 m above the ground. These climatic grids thus fail to reflect conditions below vegetation canopies and near the ground surface, where critical ecosystem functions are controlled and most terrestrial species reside. Here we provide global maps of soil temperature and bioclimatic variables at a 1-km² resolution for 0–5 and 5–15 cm depth. These maps were created by calculating the difference (i.e., offset) between in-situ soil temperature measurements, based on time series from over 1200 1-km² pixels (summarized from 8500 unique temperature sensors) across all of the world’s major terrestrial biomes, and coarse-grained air temperature estimates from ERA5-Land (an atmospheric reanalysis by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts). We show that mean annual soil temperature differs markedly from the corresponding 2 m gridded air temperature, by up to 10°C (mean = 3.0 ± 2.1°C), with substantial variation across biomes and seasons. Over the year, soils in cold and/or dry biomes are substantially warmer (3.6 ± 2.3°C warmer than gridded air temperature), whereas soils in warm and humid environments are on average slightly cooler (0.7 ± 2.3°C cooler). The observed substantial and biome-specific offsets underpin that the projected impacts of climate and climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning are inaccurately assessed when air rather than soil temperature is used, especially in cold environments. The global soil-related bioclimatic variables provided here are an important step forward for any application in ecology and related disciplines. Nevertheless, we highlight the need to fill remaining global gaps by collecting more in-situ measurements of microclimate conditions to further enhance the spatiotemporal resolution of global soil temperature products for ecological applications.
Published: 2021

196. Belowground community turnover accelerates the decomposition of standing dead wood

Author: Bradford, Mark A., Maynard, Daniel S., Crowther, Thomas W., Frankson, Paul T., Mohan, Jacqueline E., Steinrueck, Corinna, Veen, G. F., King, Joshua R., Warren, Robert J., Bradford, Mark A., Maynard, Daniel S., Crowther, Thomas W., Frankson, Paul T., Mohan, Jacqueline E., Steinrueck, Corinna, Veen, G. F., King, Joshua R., and Warren, Robert J.
Abstract: Standing dead trees (snags) decompose more slowly than downed dead wood and provide critical habitat for many species. The rate at which snags fall therefore influences forest carbon dynamics and biodiversity. Fall rates correlate strongly with mean annual temperature, presumably because warmer climates facilitate faster wood decomposition and hence degradation of the structural stability of standing wood. These faster decomposition rates coincide with turnover from fungal-dominated wood decomposer communities in cooler forests to codomination by fungi and termites in warmer regions. A key question for projecting forest dynamics is therefore whether temperature effects on wood decomposition arise primarily because warmer conditions facilitate faster decomposer metabolism, or are also influenced indirectly by belowground community turnover (e.g., termites exert additional influence beyond fungal-plus-bacterial mediated decomposition). To test between these possibilities, we simulate standing dead trees with untreated wooden posts and follow them in the field across 5 yr at 12 sites, before measuring buried, soil–air interface and aerial post sections to quantify wood decomposition and organism activities. High termite activities at the warmer sites are associated with rates of postfall that are three times higher than at the cooler sites. Termites primarily consume buried wood, with decomposition rates greatest where termite activities are highest. However, where higher microbial and termite activities co-occur, they appear to compensate for one another first, and then to slow decomposition rates at their highest activities, suggestive of interference competition. If the range of microbial and termite codomination of wood decomposer communities expands under climate warming, our data suggest that expansion will accelerate snag fall with consequent effects on forest carbon cycling and biodiversity in forests previously dominated by microbial decomposers.
Published: 2021

197. Using model analysis to unveil hidden patterns in tropical forest structures

Author: Picard, Nicolas, Mortier, Frédéric, Ploton, Pierre, Liang, Jingjing, Derroire, Géraldine, Bastin, Jean-François, Ayyappan, Narayanan, Bénédet, Fabrice, Boyemba Bosela, Faustin, Clark, Connie J., Crowther, Thomas W., Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier, Forni, Eric, Harris, David, Ngomanda, Alfred, Poulsen, John R., Sonké, Bonaventure, Couteron, Pierre, Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie, Picard, Nicolas, Mortier, Frédéric, Ploton, Pierre, Liang, Jingjing, Derroire, Géraldine, Bastin, Jean-François, Ayyappan, Narayanan, Bénédet, Fabrice, Boyemba Bosela, Faustin, Clark, Connie J., Crowther, Thomas W., Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier, Forni, Eric, Harris, David, Ngomanda, Alfred, Poulsen, John R., Sonké, Bonaventure, Couteron, Pierre, and Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie
Abstract: When ordinating plots of tropical rain forests using stand-level structural attributes such as biomass, basal area and the number of trees in different size classes, two patterns often emerge: a gradient frompoorly to highly stocked plots and high positive correlations between biomass, basal area and the number of large trees. These patterns are inherited from the demographics (growth, mortality and recruitment) and size allometry of trees and tend to obscure other patterns, such as site differences among plots, that would be more informative for inferring ecological processes. Using data from 133 rain forest plots at nine sites for which site differences are known, we aimed to filter out these patterns in forest structural attributes to unveil a hidden pattern. Using a null model framework, we generated the anticipated pattern inherited from individual allometric patterns. We then evaluated deviations between the data (observations) and predictions of the null model. Ordination of the deviations revealed site differences that were not evident in the ordination of observations. These sites differences could be related to different histories of large-scale forest disturbance. By filtering out patterns inherited from individuals, our model analysis provides more information on ecological processes.
Published: 2021

198. Tracking, targeting, and conserving soil biodiversity

Author: Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Guerra, Carlos A., Bardgett, Richard D., Caon, Lucrezia, Crowther, Thomas W., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Montanarella, Luca, Navarro, Laetitia M., Orgiazzi, Alberto, Singh, Brajesh K., Tedersoo, Leho, Vargas-Rojas, Ronald, Briones, Maria J.I., Buscot, François, Cameron, Erin K., Cesarz, Simone, Chatzinotas, Antonis, Cowan, Don A., Djukic, Ika, van den Hoogen, Johan, Lehmann, Anika, Maestre, Fernando T., Marín, César, Reitz, Thomas, Rillig, Matthias C., Smith, Linnea C., de Vries, Franciska T., Weigelt, Alexandra, Wall, Diana H., Eisenhauer, Nico, Universidad de Alicante. Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Alicante. Instituto Multidisciplinar para el Estudio del Medio "Ramón Margalef", Guerra, Carlos A., Bardgett, Richard D., Caon, Lucrezia, Crowther, Thomas W., Delgado-Baquerizo, Manuel, Montanarella, Luca, Navarro, Laetitia M., Orgiazzi, Alberto, Singh, Brajesh K., Tedersoo, Leho, Vargas-Rojas, Ronald, Briones, Maria J.I., Buscot, François, Cameron, Erin K., Cesarz, Simone, Chatzinotas, Antonis, Cowan, Don A., Djukic, Ika, van den Hoogen, Johan, Lehmann, Anika, Maestre, Fernando T., Marín, César, Reitz, Thomas, Rillig, Matthias C., Smith, Linnea C., de Vries, Franciska T., Weigelt, Alexandra, Wall, Diana H., and Eisenhauer, Nico
Published: 2021

199. Integrated global assessment of the natural forest carbon potential

Author: Mo, Lidong, Zohner, Constantin M., Reich, Peter B., Liang, Jingjing, de Miguel, Sergio, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, Renner, Susanne S., van den Hoogen, Johan, Araza, Arnan, Herold, Martin, Mirzagholi, Leila, Ma, Haozhi, Averill, Colin, Phillips, Oliver L., Gamarra, Javier G. P., Hordijk, Iris, Routh, Devin, Abegg, Meinrad, Adou Yao, Yves C., Alberti, Giorgio, Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M., Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez, Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alves, Luciana F., Amaral, Iêda, Ammer, Christian, Antón-Fernández, Clara, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Avitabile, Valerio, Aymard, Gerardo A., Baker, Timothy R., Bałazy, Radomir, Banki, Olaf, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bastian, Meredith L., Bastin, Jean-Francois, Birigazzi, Luca, Birnbaum, Philippe, Bitariho, Robert, Boeckx, Pascal, Bongers, Frans, Bouriaud, Olivier, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., Brandl, Susanne, Brearley, Francis Q., Brienen, Roel, Broadbent, Eben N., Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Cazzolla Gatti, Roberto, César, Ricardo G., Cesljar, Goran, Chazdon, Robin L., Chen, Han Y. H., Chisholm, Chelsea, Cho, Hyunkook, Cienciala, Emil, Clark, Connie, Clark, David, Colletta, Gabriel D., Coomes, David A., Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Corral-Rivas, José J., Crim, Philip M., Cumming, Jonathan R., Dayanandan, Selvadurai, de Gasper, André L., Decuyper, Mathieu, Derroire, Géraldine, DeVries, Ben, Djordjevic, Ilija, Dolezal, Jiri, Dourdain, Aurélie, Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier, Enquist, Brian J., Eyre, Teresa J., Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain, Fayle, Tom M., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro V., Finér, Leena, Fischer, Markus, Fletcher, Christine, Frizzera, Lorenzo, Gianelle, Damiano, Glick, Henry B., Harris, David J., Hector, Andrew, Hemp, Andreas, Hengeveld, Geerten, Hérault, Bruno, Herbohn, John L., Hillers, Annika, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Hui, Cang, Ibanez, Thomas, Imai, Nobuo, Jagodziński, Andrzej M., Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Joly, Carlos A., Jucker, Tommaso, Jung, Ilbin, Karminov, Viktor, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kenfack, David, Kennard, Deborah K., Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Keppel, Gunnar, Khan, Mohammed Latif, Killeen, Timothy J., Kim, Hyun Seok, Kitayama, Kanehiro, Köhl, Michael, Korjus, Henn, Kraxner, Florian, Kucher, Dmitry, Laarmann, Diana, Lang, Mait, Lu, Huicui, Lukina, Natalia V., Maitner, Brian S., Malhi, Yadvinder, Marcon, Eric, Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes, Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Marshall, Andrew R., Martin, Emanuel H., Meave, Jorge A., Melo-Cruz, Omar, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mendoza-Polo, Irina, Miscicki, Stanislaw, Merow, Cory, Monteagudo Mendoza, Abel, Moreno, Vanessa S., Mukul, Sharif A., Mundhenk, Philip, Nava-Miranda, María Guadalupe, Neill, David, Neldner, Victor J., Nevenic, Radovan V., Ngugi, Michael R., Niklaus, Pascal A., Oleksyn, Jacek, Ontikov, Petr, Ortiz-Malavasi, Edgar, Pan, Yude, Paquette, Alain, Parada-Gutierrez, Alexander, Parfenova, Elena I., Park, Minjee, Parren, Marc, Parthasarathy, Narayanaswamy, Peri, Pablo L., Pfautsch, Sebastian, Picard, Nicolas, Piedade, Maria Teresa F., Piotto, Daniel, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Poulsen, Axel Dalberg, Poulsen, John R., Pretzsch, Hans, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Restrepo-Correa, Zorayda, Rodeghiero, Mirco, Rolim, Samir G., Roopsind, Anand, Rovero, Francesco, Rutishauser, Ervan, Saikia, Purabi, Salas-Eljatib, Christian, Saner, Philippe, Schall, Peter, Schelhaas, Mart-Jan, Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schmid, Bernhard, Schöngart, Jochen, Searle, Eric B., Seben, Vladimír, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Sheil, Douglas, Shvidenko, Anatoly Z., Silva-Espejo, Javier E., Silveira, Marcos, Singh, James, Sist, Plinio, Slik, Ferry, Sonké, Bonaventure, Souza, Alexandre F., Stereńczak, Krzysztof J., Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swanepoel, Ben, Targhetta, Natalia, Tchebakova, Nadja, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas, Raquel, Tikhonova, Elena, Umunay, Peter M., Usoltsev, Vladimir A., Valencia, Renato, Valladares, Fernando, van der Plas, Fons, Van Do, Tran, van Nuland, Michael E., Vasquez, Rodolfo M., Verbeeck, Hans, Viana, Helder, Vibrans, Alexander C., Vieira, Simone, von Gadow, Klaus, Wang, Hua-Feng, Watson, James V., Werner, Gijsbert D. A., Wiser, Susan K., Wittmann, Florian, Woell, Hannsjoerg, Wortel, Verginia, Zagt, Roderik, Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Tomasz, Zhang, Chunyu, Zhao, Xiuhai, Zhou, Mo, Zhu, Zhi-Xin, Zo-Bi, Irie C., Gann, George D., and Crowther, Thomas W.
Abstract: Forests are a substantial terrestrial carbon sink, but anthropogenic changes in land use and climate have considerably reduced the scale of this system1. Remote-sensing estimates to quantify carbon losses from global forests2–5are characterized by considerable uncertainty and we lack a comprehensive ground-sourced evaluation to benchmark these estimates. Here we combine several ground-sourced6and satellite-derived approaches2,7,8to evaluate the scale of the global forest carbon potential outside agricultural and urban lands. Despite regional variation, the predictions demonstrated remarkable consistency at a global scale, with only a 12% difference between the ground-sourced and satellite-derived estimates. At present, global forest carbon storage is markedly under the natural potential, with a total deficit of 226 Gt (model range = 151–363 Gt) in areas with low human footprint. Most (61%, 139 Gt C) of this potential is in areas with existing forests, in which ecosystem protection can allow forests to recover to maturity. The remaining 39% (87 Gt C) of potential lies in regions in which forests have been removed or fragmented. Although forests cannot be a substitute for emissions reductions, our results support the idea2,3,9that the conservation, restoration and sustainable management of diverse forests offer valuable contributions to meeting global climate and biodiversity targets.
Published: 2023
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200. Native diversity buffers against severity of non-native tree invasions

Author: Delavaux, Camille S., Crowther, Thomas W., Zohner, Constantin M., Robmann, Niamh M., Lauber, Thomas, van den Hoogen, Johan, Kuebbing, Sara, Liang, Jingjing, de-Miguel, Sergio, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, Reich, Peter B., Abegg, Meinrad, Adou Yao, Yves C., Alberti, Giorgio, Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M., Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez, Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alves, Luciana F., Ammer, Christian, Antón-Fernández, Clara, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Avitabile, Valerio, Aymard, Gerardo A., Baker, Timothy R., Bałazy, Radomir, Banki, Olaf, Barroso, Jorcely G., Bastian, Meredith L., Bastin, Jean-Francois, Birigazzi, Luca, Birnbaum, Philippe, Bitariho, Robert, Boeckx, Pascal, Bongers, Frans, Bouriaud, Olivier, Brancalion, Pedro H. S., Brandl, Susanne, Brienen, Roel, Broadbent, Eben N., Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla, César, Ricardo G., Cesljar, Goran, Chazdon, Robin, Chen, Han Y. H., Chisholm, Chelsea, Cho, Hyunkook, Cienciala, Emil, Clark, Connie, Clark, David, Colletta, Gabriel D., Coomes, David A., Cornejo Valverde, Fernando, Corral-Rivas, José J., Crim, Philip M., Cumming, Jonathan R., Dayanandan, Selvadurai, de Gasper, André L., Decuyper, Mathieu, Derroire, Géraldine, DeVries, Ben, Djordjevic, Ilija, Dolezal, Jiri, Dourdain, Aurélie, Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier, Enquist, Brian J., Eyre, Teresa J., Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain, Fayle, Tom M., Feldpausch, Ted R., Ferreira, Leandro V., Fischer, Markus, Fletcher, Christine, Frizzera, Lorenzo, Gamarra, Javier G. P., Gianelle, Damiano, Glick, Henry B., Harris, David J., Hector, Andrew, Hemp, Andreas, Hengeveld, Geerten, Hérault, Bruno, Herbohn, John L., Herold, Martin, Hillers, Annika, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N., Hui, Cang, Ibanez, Thomas T., Amaral, Iêda, Imai, Nobuo, Jagodziński, Andrzej M., Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, Johannsen, Vivian Kvist, Joly, Carlos A., Jucker, Tommaso, Jung, Ilbin, Karminov, Viktor, Kartawinata, Kuswata, Kearsley, Elizabeth, Kenfack, David, Kennard, Deborah K., Kepfer-Rojas, Sebastian, Keppel, Gunnar, Khan, Mohammed Latif, Killeen, Timothy J., Kim, Hyun Seok, Kitayama, Kanehiro, Köhl, Michael, Korjus, Henn, Kraxner, Florian, Laarmann, Diana, Lang, Mait, Lewis, Simon L., Lu, Huicui, Lukina, Natalia V., Maitner, Brian S., Malhi, Yadvinder, Marcon, Eric, Marimon, Beatriz Schwantes, Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Marshall, Andrew R., Martin, Emanuel H., Martynenko, Olga, Meave, Jorge A., Melo-Cruz, Omar, Mendoza, Casimiro, Merow, Cory, Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Moreno, Vanessa S., Mukul, Sharif A., Mundhenk, Philip, Nava-Miranda, María Guadalupe, Neill, David, Neldner, Victor J., Nevenic, Radovan V., Ngugi, Michael R., Niklaus, Pascal A., Oleksyn, Jacek, Ontikov, Petr, Ortiz-Malavasi, Edgar, Pan, Yude, Paquette, Alain, Parada-Gutierrez, Alexander, Parfenova, Elena I., Park, Minjee, Parren, Marc, Parthasarathy, Narayanaswamy, Peri, Pablo L., Pfautsch, Sebastian, Phillips, Oliver L., Picard, Nicolas, Piedade, Maria Teresa T. F., Piotto, Daniel, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Polo, Irina, Poorter, Lourens, Poulsen, Axel D., Pretzsch, Hans, Ramirez Arevalo, Freddy, Restrepo-Correa, Zorayda, Rodeghiero, Mirco, Rolim, Samir G., Roopsind, Anand, Rovero, Francesco, Rutishauser, Ervan, Saikia, Purabi, Salas-Eljatib, Christian, Saner, Philippe, Schall, Peter, Schepaschenko, Dmitry, Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael, Schmid, Bernhard, Schöngart, Jochen, Searle, Eric B., Seben, Vladimír, Serra-Diaz, Josep M., Sheil, Douglas, Shvidenko, Anatoly Z., Silva-Espejo, Javier E., Silveira, Marcos, Singh, James, Sist, Plinio, Slik, Ferry, Sonké, Bonaventure, Souza, Alexandre F., Stanislaw, Miscicki, Stereńczak, Krzysztof J., Svenning, Jens-Christian, Svoboda, Miroslav, Swanepoel, Ben, Targhetta, Natalia, Tchebakova, Nadja, ter Steege, Hans, Thomas, Raquel, Tikhonova, Elena, Umunay, Peter M., Usoltsev, Vladimir A., Valencia, Renato, Valladares, Fernando, van der Plas, Fons, Do, Tran Van, van Nuland, Michael E., Vasquez, Rodolfo M., Verbeeck, Hans, Viana, Helder, Vibrans, Alexander C., Vieira, Simone, von Gadow, Klaus, Wang, Hua-Feng, Watson, James V., Werner, Gijsbert D. A., Wiser, Susan K., Wittmann, Florian, Woell, Hannsjoerg, Wortel, Verginia, Zagt, Roderik, Zawiła-Niedźwiecki, Tomasz, Zhang, Chunyu, Zhao, Xiuhai, Zhou, Mo, Zhu, Zhi-Xin, Zo-Bi, Irie C., and Maynard, Daniel S.
Abstract: Determining the drivers of non-native plant invasions is critical for managing native ecosystems and limiting the spread of invasive species1,2. Tree invasions in particular have been relatively overlooked, even though they have the potential to transform ecosystems and economies3,4. Here, leveraging global tree databases5–7, we explore how the phylogenetic and functional diversity of native tree communities, human pressure and the environment influence the establishment of non-native tree species and the subsequent invasion severity. We find that anthropogenic factors are key to predicting whether a location is invaded, but that invasion severity is underpinned by native diversity, with higher diversity predicting lower invasion severity. Temperature and precipitation emerge as strong predictors of invasion strategy, with non-native species invading successfully when they are similar to the native community in cold or dry extremes. Yet, despite the influence of these ecological forces in determining invasion strategy, we find evidence that these patterns can be obscured by human activity, with lower ecological signal in areas with higher proximity to shipping ports. Our global perspective of non-native tree invasion highlights that human drivers influence non-native tree presence, and that native phylogenetic and functional diversity have a critical role in the establishment and spread of subsequent invasions.
Published: 2023
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