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157. Linking Physical and Mental Health Summary Scores from the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) to the PROMIS(®) Global Health Scale.

Author

Schalet, Benjamin, Rothrock, Nan, Hays, Ron, Kazis, Lewis, Cook, Karon, Rutsohn, Joshua, Cella, David, Schalet, Benjamin D, Rothrock, Nan E, Hays, Ron D, Kazis, Lewis E, Cook, Karon F, and Rutsohn, Joshua P

Subjects
HEALTH status indicators, VETERANS, MENTAL health, PHYSICAL fitness, QUESTIONNAIRES, RESEARCH funding, SURVEYS, WORLD health
Abstract

Background: Global health measures represent an attractive option for researchers and clinicians seeking a brief snapshot of a patient's overall perspective on his or her health. Because scores on different global health measures are not comparable, comparative effectiveness research (CER) is challenging.Objective: To establish a common reporting metric so that the physical and mental health scores on the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12 (©) ) can be converted into scores on the corresponding Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS(®)) Global Health scores.Design: Following a single-sample linking design, participants from an Internet panel completed items from the PROMIS Global Health and VR-12 Health Survey. A common metric was created using analyses based on item response theory (IRT), producing score cross-walk tables for the mental and physical health components of each measure. The linking relationships were evaluated by calculating the standard deviation of differences between the observed and linked PROMIS scores and estimating confidence intervals by sample size.Participants: Participants (N = 2025) were 49 % male and 73 % white; mean age was 46 years.Main Measures: Mental and physical health subscales of the PROMIS Global Health and the VR-12. The mean VR-12 physical component and mental component scores were 45.2 and 46.6, respectively; the mean PROMIS physical and mental health scores were 48.3 and 48.5, respectively.Key Results: We found evidence that the combined set of VR-12 and PROMIS items were relatively unidimensional and that we could proceed with linking. Linking worked better between the physical health than mental health scores using VR-12 item responses (vs. linking based on algorithmic scores). For each of the cross-walks, users can minimize the impact of linking error with modest increases in sample sizes.Conclusions: VR-12 scores can be expressed on the PROMIS Global Health metric to facilitate the evaluation of treatment, including CER. Extending these results to other common measures of global health is encouraged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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158. The PROMIS Initiative: Examples of Applications in Rehabilitation

Author

Amtmann, Dagmar, Cook, Karon F., Johnson, Kurt L., and Cella, David

Subjects
Multiple Sclerosis, Self Disclosure, Arthritis, Rehabilitation, Focus Groups, Models, Theoretical, Article, United States, Interviews as Topic, Disability Evaluation, Databases as Topic, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Humans, Health Services Research, Cooperative Behavior, Spinal Cord Injuries, Information Systems
Abstract

In order to fully capture the impact of a disease or condition on the lives of individuals, patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are considered a necessary component of health measurement in rehabilitation. This article provides an overview of the involvement of rehabilitation stakeholders in the development of sound measurement tools for the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS), a National Institutes of Health-funded initiative. PROMIS is a multi-site study that included many different populations. Here we focus on the involvement of people with several chronic conditions, including multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, and arthritis in the development of PROMIS measures. We describe both qualitative and quantitative methods used, including expert panels, focus groups, cognitive interviews and item response theory modeling, which resulted in enhanced utility of PROMIS measures in rehabilitation. The measures include a set of global health items and twelve item banks representing six domains. Scores are reported in the T-score metric (Mean = 50, SD=10) and centered on means from the U.S. general population. The PROMIS item banks measure quality of life and symptoms of people with chronic conditions and have the potential to enhance research and clinical practice by facilitating comparisons of scores across domains and populations.

Published
2011

159. Comparison of the University of California--Los Angeles Shoulder Scale and the Simple Shoulder Test With the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: Single-Administration Reliability and Validity

Author

Roddey, Toni S, Olson, Sharon L, Cook, Karon F, Gartsman, Gary M, and Hanten, William

Subjects
Disability -- Models, Shoulder joint -- Range of motion
Abstract

Background and Purpose. Shoulder scales are often used to evaluate treatment efficacy, yet little is known about the psychometric properties of these scales. Only one scale has undergone psychometric scrutiny: the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI). This study compared 2 shoulder measures--the University of California-Los Angeles (UCLA) Shoulder Scale and the Simple Shoulder Test (SST)--with the SPADI. Subjects. One hundred ninety-two patients with shoulder disorders were recruited from one physician's office to complete the self-report sections of the 3 scales. Methods. Cronbach alpha values and standard errors of measurement (SEM) were calculated for each of the multi-item subscales. Validity was examined through calculation of correlation coefficients among the 3 scales. Factor analysis was completed to assess the underlying constructs of the SPADI and the SST. Results. Cronbach alpha values ranged from .85 to .95. The SEM values for the multi-item scales ranged from 4.75 to 11.65. Evidence for validity to reflect function was indicated by the correlation between the SST and the SPADI disability subscale. The factor analysis of the SPADI revealed loading on 1 factor, whereas the SST loaded on 2 factors. Conclusion and Discussion. All scales demonstrated good internal consistency, suggesting that all items for each scale measure the same construct. However, the SEMs for all scales were high. Factor loading was inconsistent, suggesting that patients may not distinguish between pain and function. [Roddey TS, Olson SL, Cook KF, et al. Comparison of the University of California-Los Angeles Shoulder Scale and the Simple Shoulder Test with the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: single-administration reliability and validity. Phys Ther. 2000;80:759-768.] Key Words: Outcome assessment (health care), Psychometrics, Shoulder, Shoulder joint., The Institute of Medicine's (IOM) model of disability has 3 components: risk factors, the disablement process, and quality of life.[1] The disablement process consists of pathology (cellular/tissue level), impairment (organ [...]

Published
2000

162. Initial Adult Health Item Banks and First Wave Testing of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS™) Network: 2005–2008

Author

Cella, David, Riley, William, Stone, Arthur, Rothrock, Nan, Reeve, Bryce, Yount, Susan, Amtmann, Dagmar, Bode, Rita, Buysse, Daniel, Choi, Seung, Cook, Karon, DeVellis, Robert, DeWalt, Darren, Fries, James F., Gershon, Richard, Hahn, Elizabeth A., Lai, Jin-Shei, Pilkonis, Paul, Revicki, Dennis, Rose, Matthias, Weinfurt, Kevin, and Hays, Ron

Subjects
Adult, Male, Self Disclosure, Health Status, Health Surveys, Article, United States, Patient Satisfaction, Surveys and Questionnaires, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Quality of Life, Humans, Female, Information Systems
Abstract

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are essential when evaluating many new treatments in health care; yet, current measures have been limited by a lack of precision, standardization, and comparability of scores across studies and diseases. The Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) provides item banks that offer the potential for efficient (minimizes item number without compromising reliability), flexible (enables optional use of interchangeable items), and precise (has minimal error in estimate) measurement of commonly studied PROs. We report results from the first large-scale testing of PROMIS items.Fourteen item pools were tested in the U.S. general population and clinical groups using an online panel and clinic recruitment. A scale-setting subsample was created reflecting demographics proportional to the 2000 U.S. census.Using item-response theory (graded response model), 11 item banks were calibrated on a sample of 21,133, measuring components of self-reported physical, mental, and social health, along with a 10-item Global Health Scale. Short forms from each bank were developed and compared with the overall bank and with other well-validated and widely accepted ("legacy") measures. All item banks demonstrated good reliability across most of the score distributions. Construct validity was supported by moderate to strong correlations with legacy measures.PROMIS item banks and their short forms provide evidence that they are reliable and precise measures of generic symptoms and functional reports comparable to legacy instruments. Further testing will continue to validate and test PROMIS items and banks in diverse clinical populations.

Published
2010

163. Calibration and Validation of the Dutch-Flemish PROMIS Pain Interference Item Bank in Patients with Chronic Pain

Author

Crins, Martine H. P., primary, Roorda, Leo D., additional, Smits, Niels, additional, de Vet, Henrica C. W., additional, Westhovens, Rene, additional, Cella, David, additional, Cook, Karon F., additional, Revicki, Dennis, additional, van Leeuwen, Jaap, additional, Boers, Maarten, additional, Dekker, Joost, additional, and Terwee, Caroline B., additional

Published
2015
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164. Report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain

Author

Deyo, Richard A., primary, Dworkin, Samuel F., additional, Amtmann, Dagmar, additional, Andersson, Gunnar, additional, Borenstein, David, additional, Carragee, Eugene, additional, Carrino, John, additional, Chou, Roger, additional, Cook, Karon, additional, Delitto, Anthony, additional, Goertz, Christine, additional, Khalsa, Partap, additional, Loeser, John, additional, Mackey, Sean, additional, Panagis, James, additional, Rainville, James, additional, Tosteson, Tor, additional, Turk, Dennis, additional, Von Korff, Michael, additional, and Weiner, Debra K., additional

Published
2015
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166. Classical testing theory and Item Response theory/Rasch model to assess difference between Patient-Reported Fatigue Using Seven-Day and Four-Week Recall Periods

Author

Lai, Jin-Shei, Cook, Karon, Stone, Arthur, Beaumont, Jennifer, and Cella, David

Subjects
Adult, Male, Models, Statistical, Time Factors, Psychometrics, Middle Aged, Severity of Illness Index, Article, Neoplasms, Mental Recall, Humans, Female, Attitude to Health, Fatigue, Aged
Abstract

This study compared self-reported fatigue between 7-day and 4-week time frames and explored factors that affect patients' responses.Two hundred and sixteen cancer patients completed either 7-day or 4-week version of the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue (FACIT-F). Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel statistics and Cochran-Armitage trend tests were used to assess the association between time frame and item scores. Information function curves at both item and scale levels were depicted to evaluate the precision along the fatigue continuum. Differential item functioning (DIF) was used to examine the stability of the psychometric properties between time frames.Time frame did not influence patients' item responses. Examination of information function curves at item level did not clearly favor either time frame. At the scale level, the 7-day time frame was slightly more precise overall than the 4-week time frame. No item demonstrated DIF between time frames. Neither gender nor fatigue severity had an impact on above results.This study suggests 7-day and 4-week time frame are equally appropriate in measuring fatigue, preference might be given to the more informative 7-day time frame. However, substantive considerations regarding the appropriate time frame should outweigh statistical ones.

Published
2009

168. Letting the CAT out of the Bag: Comparing Computer Adaptive Tests and an Eleven-Item Short Form of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire

Author

Cook, Karon F., Choi, Seung W., Crane, Paul K., Deyo, Richard A., Johnson, Kurt L., and Amtmann, Dagmar

Subjects
Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Reproducibility of Results, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Article, Disability Evaluation, Back Pain, Predictive Value of Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Calibration, Health Status Indicators, Humans, Computer Simulation, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Aged
Abstract

A post hoc simulation of a computer adaptive administration of the items of a modified version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire.To evaluate the effectiveness of adaptive administration of back pain-related disability items compared with a fixed 11-item short form.Short form versions of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire have been developed. An alternative to paper-and-pencil short forms is to administer items adaptively so that items are presented based on a person's responses to previous items. Theoretically, this allows precise estimation of back pain disability with administration of only a few items.Data were gathered from 2 previously conducted studies of persons with back pain. An item response theory model was used to calibrate scores based on all items, items of a paper-and-pencil short form, and several computer adaptive tests (CATs).Correlations between each CAT condition and scores based on a 23-item version of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire ranged from 0.93 to 0.98. Compared with an 11-item short form, an 11-item CAT produced scores that were significantly more highly correlated with scores based on the 23-item scale. CATs with even fewer items also produced scores that were highly correlated with scores based on all items. For example, scores from a 5-item CAT had a correlation of 0.93 with full scale scores. Seven- and 9-item CATs correlated at 0.95 and 0.97, respectively. A CAT with a standard-error-based stopping rule produced scores that correlated at 0.95 with full scale scores.A CAT-based back pain-related disability measure may be a valuable tool for use in clinical and research contexts. Use of CAT for other common measures in back pain research, such as other functional scales or measures of psychological distress, may offer similar advantages.

Published
2008

169. Translating CESD-20 and PHQ-9 Scores to PROMIS Depression.

Author

Kim, Jiseon, Chung, Hyewon, Askew, Robert L., Park, Ryoungsun, Jones, Salene M. W., Cook, Karon F., and Amtmann, Dagmar

Subjects
MENTAL depression, MULTIPLE sclerosis, QUESTIONNAIRES, INTRACLASS correlation
Abstract

This study examined the accuracy of depression cross-walk tables in a sample of people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The tables link scores of two commonly used depression measures to the Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System Depression (PROMIS-D) scale metric. We administered the 8-item PROMIS-D (Short-Form 8b; PROMIS-D-8), the 20-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD-20), and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) to 459 survey participants with MS. We examined correlations between actual PROMIS-D-8 scores and the scores predicted by cross-walks based on PHQ-9 and CESD-20 scores. Intraclass correlation coefficients were used to assess correspondence. Consistency in severity classification was also calculated. Finally, we used Bland–Altman plots to graphically examine the levels of agreement. The correlations between actual and cross-walked PROMIS-D-8 scores were strong (CESD-20 = .82; PHQ-9 = .74). The intraclass correlation was moderate (.77). Participants were consistently classified as having or not having at least moderate depressive symptoms by both actual and cross-walked scores derived from the CESD-20 (90%) and PHQ-9 (85%). Bland–Altman plots suggested the smaller differences between actual and cross-walked scores with greater-than-average depression severity. PROMIS cross-walk tables can be used to translate depression scores of people with MS to the PROMIS-D metric, promoting continuity with previous research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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171. Report of the NIH Task Force on Research Standards for Chronic Low Back Pain

Author

Deyo, Richard A., primary, Dworkin, Samuel F., additional, Amtmann, Dagmar, additional, Andersson, Gunnar, additional, Borenstein, David, additional, Carragee, Eugene, additional, Carrino, John, additional, Chou, Roger, additional, Cook, Karon, additional, DeLitto, Anthony, additional, Goertz, Christine, additional, Khalsa, Partap, additional, Loeser, John, additional, Mackey, Sean, additional, Panagis, James, additional, Rainville, James, additional, Tosteson, Tor, additional, Turk, Dennis, additional, Korff, Michael Von, additional, and Weiner, Debra K., additional

Published
2014
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176. A164: Development of Pediatric Item Banks to Measure Pain Behavior in the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System

Author

DeWitt, Esi Morgan, primary, Barnett, Kimberly, additional, Farrell, Jennifer, additional, Revicki, Dennis, additional, Carle, Adam, additional, Cook, Karon, additional, Goldschneider, Kenneth, additional, Dampier, Carlton, additional, Sherry, David D., additional, Kashikar-Zuck, Susmita, additional, and Chen, Wen-Hung, additional

Published
2014
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177. NIH Toolbox Picture Vocabulary Test

Author

Gershon, Richard C., primary, Cook, Karon F., additional, Mungas, Dan, additional, Manly, Jennifer J., additional, Slotkin, Jerry, additional, Beaumont, Jennifer L., additional, and Weintraub, Sandra, additional

Published
2014
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178. NIH Toolbox Oral Reading Recognition Test

Author

Gershon, Richard C., primary, Cook, Karon F., additional, Mungas, Dan, additional, Manly, Jennifer J., additional, Slotkin, Jerry, additional, Beaumont, Jennifer L., additional, and Weintraub, Sandra, additional

Published
2014
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180. Norming plans for the NIH Toolbox.

Author

Beaumont, Jennifer L, Beaumont, Jennifer L, Havlik, Richard, Cook, Karon F, Hays, Ron D, Wallner-Allen, Kathleen, Korper, Samuel P, Lai, Jin-Shei, Nord, Christine, Zill, Nicholas, Choi, Seung, Yost, Kathleen J, Ustsinovich, Vitali, Brouwers, Pim, Hoffman, Howard J, Gershon, Richard, Beaumont, Jennifer L, Beaumont, Jennifer L, Havlik, Richard, Cook, Karon F, Hays, Ron D, Wallner-Allen, Kathleen, Korper, Samuel P, Lai, Jin-Shei, Nord, Christine, Zill, Nicholas, Choi, Seung, Yost, Kathleen J, Ustsinovich, Vitali, Brouwers, Pim, Hoffman, Howard J, and Gershon, Richard

Abstract

ObjectiveThe NIH Toolbox for Assessment of Neurological and Behavioral Function (NIH Toolbox) is a comprehensive battery of brief assessment tools. The purpose of this article is to describe plans to establish normative reference values for the NIH Toolbox measures.MethodsA large sample will be obtained from the US population for the purpose of calculating normative values. The sample will be stratified by age (ages 3-85 years), sex, and language preference (English or Spanish) and have a total sample size of at least 4,205. The sample will include a minimum of 25-100 individuals in each targeted demographic and language subgroup.ResultsNorming methods will include poststratification adjustment calculated using iterative proportional fitting, also known as raking, so that the weighted sample will have the same distribution on key demographic variables as the US population described in the 2010 Census.ConclusionsAs with any set of norms, users should be mindful of the reference population and make conclusions consistent with the limitations of normative sampling, since it is not a probability-based sample. However, the NIH Toolbox norming study has been designed to minimize bias and maximize representativeness and precision of estimates. The availability of a "toolbox" of normed measures will be an important foundation for addressing critical research questions in neurologic and behavioral health.

Published
2013

183. Developing brief fatigue short forms calibrated to a common mathematical metric: is content-balancing important?

Author

Cook,Karon, Choi,Seung W, Johnson,Kurt L, Amtmann,Dagmar, Cook,Karon, Choi,Seung W, Johnson,Kurt L, and Amtmann,Dagmar

Abstract

Karon F Cook1, Seung W Choi2, Kurt L Johnson1, Dagmar Amtmann11Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; 2Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USAAbstract: There are clinical and research settings in which concerns about respondent burden make the use of longer self-report measures impractical. Though computer adaptive testing provides an efficient strategy for measuring patient reported outcomes, the requirement of a computer interface makes it impractical for some settings. This study evaluated how well brief short forms, constructed from a longer measure of patient reported fatigue, reproduced scores on the full measure. When the items of an item bank are calibrated using an item response theory model, it is assumed that the items are fungible units. Theoretically, there should be no advantage to balancing the content coverage of the items. We compared short forms developed using a random item selection process to short forms developed with consideration of the items relation to subdomains of fatigue (ie, physical and cognitive fatigue). Scores on short forms developed using content balancing more successfully predicted full item bank scores than did scores on short forms developed by random selection of items.Keywords: psychometrics, outcomes, quality of life, measurement, fatigue

Published
2010

184. Is less more? A preliminary investigation of the number of response categories in self-reported pain

Author

Cook,Karon, Cella,David, Boespflug,Erin L, Amtmann,Dagmar, Cook,Karon, Cella,David, Boespflug,Erin L, and Amtmann,Dagmar

Abstract

Karon F Cook1, David Cella2, Erin L Boespflug1, Dagmar Amtmann11Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA; 2Department of Medical Social Sciences, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USAAbstract: The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of the number of response options for self-reports of pain interference. Responses to interference items of the 11-category Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) were obtained in a sample of 434 persons from two sites and modeled using the partial credit model. In successive calibrations, response categories were collapsed and new scores were generated. Scores based on two to three categories produced poor results. Four to five categories yielded better results. However, scoring using more than five categories did not appreciably improve the reliability, person separation, or validity of scores. These results suggest that fewer response categories—as few as five or six–may function as well as the 11 response categories that are conventionally used. The results are preliminary since the number of response categories actually presented was not manipulated in the study design. Future research should compare the reliability and validity of scores based on the BPI interference items when items are presented with the conventionally 11-response format, versus presentation with fewer response options.Keywords: psychometrics, outcomes, quality of life, measurement, pain

Published
2010

185. Multiple Sclerosis and Fatigue

Author

Cook, Karon F., primary, Bamer, Alyssa M., additional, Roddey, Toni S., additional, Kraft, George H., additional, Kim, Jiseon, additional, and Amtmann, Dagmar, additional

Published
2013
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192. Pain Behaviors Self Report Scale

Author

Cook, Karon F., primary, Keefe, Francis, additional, Jensen, Mark P., additional, Roddey, Toni S., additional, Callahan, Leigh F., additional, Revicki, Dennis, additional, Bamer, Alyssa M., additional, Kim, Jiseon, additional, Chung, Hyewon, additional, Salem, Rana, additional, and Amtmann, Dagmar, additional

Published
2013
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193. A PROMIS Measure of Neuropathic Pain Quality.

Author

Askew, Robert L., Cook, Karon F., Keefe, Francis J., Nowinski, Cindy J., Cella, David, Revicki, Dennis A., Morgan DeWitt, Esi M., Michaud, Kaleb, Trence, Dace L., and Amtmann, Dagmar

Subjects
*PAIN management, *OSTEOARTHRITIS treatment, *RHEUMATOID arthritis, *TREATMENT of diabetic neuropathies, *ITEM response theory, *PAIN measurement, *NEURALGIA, *QUALITY of life, *RESEARCH funding, *SELF-evaluation, *TREATMENT effectiveness, *STANDARDS, *EQUIPMENT & supplies
Abstract

Objectives: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a consequence of many chronic conditions. This study aimed to develop an unidimensional NP scale with scores that represent levels of NP and distinguish between individuals with NP and non-NP conditions.Methods: A candidate item pool of 42 pain quality descriptors was administered to participants with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy, and cancer chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. A subset of pain quality descriptors (items) that best distinguished between participants with and those without NP conditions were identified. Dimensionality of pain descriptors was evaluated in a development sample and cross-validated in a holdout sample. Item responses were calibrated using an item response theory model, and scores were generated on a T-score metric. NP scale scores were evaluated in terms of the reliability, validity, and ability to distinguish between participants with and without conditions typically associated with NP.Results: Of the 42 initial items, 5 were identified for the Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Neuropathic Pain Quality Scale. T scores exhibited good discriminatory ability on the basis of receiver-operator characteristic analysis. Score thresholds that optimize sensitivity and specificity were identified. Construct, criterion, and discriminant validity, and reliability of scale scores were supported.Conclusions: The five-item Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS PQ-Neuro) Neuropathic Pain Quality Scale is a short and practical measure that can be used to identify patients more likely to have NP and to distinguish levels of NP. The data collected will support future research that targets other unidimensional pain quality domains (e.g., nociceptive pain). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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