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151. Behavioral characterization of dup15q syndrome: Toward meaningful endpoints for clinical trials.

Author

DiStefano, Charlotte, Wilson, Rujuta B., Hyde, Carly, Cook, Edwin H., Thibert, Ronald L., Reiter, Lawrence T., Vogel‐Farley, Vanessa, Hipp, Joerg, and Jeste, Shafali

Abstract

Duplication of 15q11.2‐q13.1 (dup15q syndrome) is one of the most common copy number variations associated with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID). As with many neurogenetic conditions, accurate behavioral assessment is challenging due to the level of impairment and heterogeneity across individuals. Large‐scale phenotyping studies are necessary to inform future clinical trials in this and similar ID syndromes. This study assessed developmental and behavioral characteristics in a large cohort of children with dup15q syndrome, and examined differences based on genetic subtype and epilepsy status. Participants included 62 children (2.5–18 years). Across individuals, there was a wide range of abilities. Although adaptive behavior was strongly associated with cognitive ability, adaptive abilities were higher than cognitive scores. Measures of ASD symptoms were associated with cognitive ability, while parent report of challenging behavior was not. Both genetic subtype and epilepsy were related to degree of impairment across cognitive, language, motor, and adaptive domains. Children with isodicentric duplications and epilepsy showed the greatest impairment, while children with interstitial duplications showed the least. On average, participants with epilepsy experienced seizures over 53% of their lives, and half of children with epilepsy had infantile spasms. Parents of children with isodicentric duplications reported more concerns regarding challenging behaviors. Future trials in ID syndromes should employ a flexible set of assessments, allowing each participant to receive assessments that capture their skills. Multiple sources of information should be considered, and the impact of language and cognitive ability should be taken into consideration when interpreting results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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155. Whole genome sequencing resource identifies 18 new candidate genes for autism spectrum disorder

Author

Onderzoek, Brain, Yuen, Ryan K C, Merico, Daniele, Bookman, Matt, Howe, Jennifer L., Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Patel, Rohan V., Whitney, Joe, Deflaux, Nicole, Bingham, Jonathan, Wang, Zhuozhi, Pellecchia, Giovanna, Buchanan, Janet A., Walker, Susan, Marshall, Christian R., Uddin, Mohammed, Zarrei, Mehdi, Deneault, Eric, D'Abate, Lia, Chan, Ada J S, Koyanagi, Stephanie, Paton, Tara, Pereira, Sergio L., Hoang, Ny, Engchuan, Worrawat, Higginbotham, Edward J., Ho, Karen, Lamoureux, Sylvia, Li, Weili, MacDonald, Jeffrey R., Nalpathamkalam, Thomas, Sung, Wilson W L, Tsoi, Fiona J., Wei, John, Xu, Lizhen, Tasse, Anne Marie, Kirby, Emily, Van Etten, William, Twigger, Simon, Roberts, Wendy, Drmic, Irene, Jilderda, Sanne, Modi, Bonnie Mackinnon, Kellam, Barbara, Szego, Michael, Cytrynbaum, Cheryl, Weksberg, Rosanna, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Woodbury-Smith, Marc, Brian, Jessica, Senman, Lili, Iaboni, Alana, Doyle-Thomas, Krissy, Thompson, Ann, Chrysler, Christina, Leef, Jonathan, Savion-Lemieux, Tal, Smith, Isabel M., Liu, Xudong, Nicolson, Rob, Seifer, Vicki, Fedele, Angie, Cook, Edwin H., Dager, Stephen, Estes, Annette, Gallagher, Louise, Malow, Beth A., Parr, Jeremy R., Spence, Sarah J., Vorstman, Jacob, Frey, Brendan J., Robinson, James T., Strug, Lisa J., Fernandez, Bridget A., Elsabbagh, Mayada, Carter, Melissa T., Hallmayer, Joachim, Knoppers, Bartha M., Anagnostou, Evdokia, Szatmari, Peter, Ring, Robert H., Glazer, David, Pletcher, Mathew T., Scherer, Stephen W., Onderzoek, Brain, Yuen, Ryan K C, Merico, Daniele, Bookman, Matt, Howe, Jennifer L., Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Patel, Rohan V., Whitney, Joe, Deflaux, Nicole, Bingham, Jonathan, Wang, Zhuozhi, Pellecchia, Giovanna, Buchanan, Janet A., Walker, Susan, Marshall, Christian R., Uddin, Mohammed, Zarrei, Mehdi, Deneault, Eric, D'Abate, Lia, Chan, Ada J S, Koyanagi, Stephanie, Paton, Tara, Pereira, Sergio L., Hoang, Ny, Engchuan, Worrawat, Higginbotham, Edward J., Ho, Karen, Lamoureux, Sylvia, Li, Weili, MacDonald, Jeffrey R., Nalpathamkalam, Thomas, Sung, Wilson W L, Tsoi, Fiona J., Wei, John, Xu, Lizhen, Tasse, Anne Marie, Kirby, Emily, Van Etten, William, Twigger, Simon, Roberts, Wendy, Drmic, Irene, Jilderda, Sanne, Modi, Bonnie Mackinnon, Kellam, Barbara, Szego, Michael, Cytrynbaum, Cheryl, Weksberg, Rosanna, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Woodbury-Smith, Marc, Brian, Jessica, Senman, Lili, Iaboni, Alana, Doyle-Thomas, Krissy, Thompson, Ann, Chrysler, Christina, Leef, Jonathan, Savion-Lemieux, Tal, Smith, Isabel M., Liu, Xudong, Nicolson, Rob, Seifer, Vicki, Fedele, Angie, Cook, Edwin H., Dager, Stephen, Estes, Annette, Gallagher, Louise, Malow, Beth A., Parr, Jeremy R., Spence, Sarah J., Vorstman, Jacob, Frey, Brendan J., Robinson, James T., Strug, Lisa J., Fernandez, Bridget A., Elsabbagh, Mayada, Carter, Melissa T., Hallmayer, Joachim, Knoppers, Bartha M., Anagnostou, Evdokia, Szatmari, Peter, Ring, Robert H., Glazer, David, Pletcher, Mathew T., and Scherer, Stephen W.

Published
2017

156. Meta-analysis of GWAS of over 16,000 individuals with autism spectrum disorder highlights a novel locus at 10q24.32 and a significant overlap with schizophrenia

Author

Anney, Richard J.L., Ripke, Stephan, Anttila, Verneri, Grove, Jakob, Holmans, Peter, Huang, Hailiang, Klei, Lambertus, Lee, Phil H., Medland, Sarah E., Neale, Benjamin, Robinson, Elise, Weiss, Lauren A., Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Yu, Timothy W., Wittemeyer, Kerstin, Willsey, A. Jeremy, Wijsman, Ellen M., Werge, Thomas, Wassink, Thomas H., Waltes, Regina, Walsh, Christopher A., Wallace, Simon, Vorstman, Jacob A.S., Vieland, Veronica J., Vicente, Astrid M., Vanengeland, Herman, Tsang, Kathryn, Thompson, Ann P., Szatmari, Peter, Svantesson, Oscar, Steinberg, Stacy, Stefansson, Kari, Stefansson, Hreinn, State, Matthew W., Soorya, Latha, Silagadze, Teimuraz, Scherer, Stephen W., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Sandin, Sven, Sanders, Stephan J., Saemundsen, Evald, Rouleau, Guy A., Rogé, Bernadette, Roeder, Kathryn, Roberts, Wendy, Reichert, Jennifer, Reichenberg, Abraham, Rehnström, Karola, Regan, Regina, Poustka, Fritz, Poultney, Christopher S., Piven, Joseph, Pinto, Dalila, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz, Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker, Paterson, Andrew D., Parr, Jeremy R., Pagnamenta, Alistair T., Oliveira, Guiomar, Nurnberger, John I., Nordentoft, Merete, Murtha, Michael T., Mouga, Susana, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Mors, Ole, Morrow, Eric M., Moreno-De-Luca, Daniel, Monaco, Anthony P., Minshew, Nancy, Merikangas, Alison, McMahon, William M., McGrew, Susan G., Mattheisen, Manuel, Martsenkovsky, Igor, Martin, Donna M., Mane, Shrikant M., Magnusson, Pall, Magalhaes, Tiago, Maestrini, Elena, Lowe, Jennifer K., Lord, Catherine, Levitt, Pat, Martin, Christa Lese, Ledbetter, David H., Leboyer, Marion, Lecouteur, Ann S., Ladd-Acosta, Christine, Kolevzon, Alexander, Klauck, Sabine M., Jacob, Suma, Iliadou, Bozenna, Hultman, Christina M., Hougaard, David M., Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hendren, Robert, Hansen, Christine Søholm, Haines, Jonathan L., Guter, Stephen J., Grice, Dorothy E., Green, Jonathan M., Green, Andrew, Goldberg, Arthur P., Gillberg, Christopher, Gilbert, John, Gallagher, Louise, Freitag, Christine M., Fombonne, Eric, Folstein, Susan E., Fernandez, Bridget, Fallin, M. Daniele, Ercan-Sencicek, A. Gulhan, Ennis, Sean, Duque, Frederico, Duketis, Eftichia, Delorme, Richard, Derubeis, Silvia, Dejonge, Maretha V., Dawson, Geraldine, Cuccaro, Michael L., Correia, Catarina T., Conroy, Judith, Conceição, Ines C., Chiocchetti, Andreas G., Celestino-Soper, Patrícia B.S., Casey, Jillian, Cantor, Rita M., Café, Cátia, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Brennan, Sean, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bolton, Patrick F., Bölte, Sven, Bolshakova, Nadia, Betancur, Catalina, Bernier, Raphael, Beaudet, Arthur L., Battaglia, Agatino, Bal, Vanessa H., Baird, Gillian, Bailey, Anthony J., Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Bader, Joel S., Bacchelli, Elena, Anagnostou, Evdokia, Amaral, David, Almeida, Joana, Børglum, Anders D., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Cook, Edwin H., Coon, Hilary, Geschwind, Daniel H., Gill, Michael, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hallmayer, Joachim, Palotie, Aarno, Santangelo, Susan, Sutcliffe, James S., Arking, Dan E., Devlin, Bernie, Daly, Mark J., Anney, Richard J.L., Ripke, Stephan, Anttila, Verneri, Grove, Jakob, Holmans, Peter, Huang, Hailiang, Klei, Lambertus, Lee, Phil H., Medland, Sarah E., Neale, Benjamin, Robinson, Elise, Weiss, Lauren A., Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Yu, Timothy W., Wittemeyer, Kerstin, Willsey, A. Jeremy, Wijsman, Ellen M., Werge, Thomas, Wassink, Thomas H., Waltes, Regina, Walsh, Christopher A., Wallace, Simon, Vorstman, Jacob A.S., Vieland, Veronica J., Vicente, Astrid M., Vanengeland, Herman, Tsang, Kathryn, Thompson, Ann P., Szatmari, Peter, Svantesson, Oscar, Steinberg, Stacy, Stefansson, Kari, Stefansson, Hreinn, State, Matthew W., Soorya, Latha, Silagadze, Teimuraz, Scherer, Stephen W., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Sandin, Sven, Sanders, Stephan J., Saemundsen, Evald, Rouleau, Guy A., Rogé, Bernadette, Roeder, Kathryn, Roberts, Wendy, Reichert, Jennifer, Reichenberg, Abraham, Rehnström, Karola, Regan, Regina, Poustka, Fritz, Poultney, Christopher S., Piven, Joseph, Pinto, Dalila, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., Pejovic-Milovancevic, Milica, Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz, Pedersen, Carsten Bøcker, Paterson, Andrew D., Parr, Jeremy R., Pagnamenta, Alistair T., Oliveira, Guiomar, Nurnberger, John I., Nordentoft, Merete, Murtha, Michael T., Mouga, Susana, Mortensen, Preben Bo, Mors, Ole, Morrow, Eric M., Moreno-De-Luca, Daniel, Monaco, Anthony P., Minshew, Nancy, Merikangas, Alison, McMahon, William M., McGrew, Susan G., Mattheisen, Manuel, Martsenkovsky, Igor, Martin, Donna M., Mane, Shrikant M., Magnusson, Pall, Magalhaes, Tiago, Maestrini, Elena, Lowe, Jennifer K., Lord, Catherine, Levitt, Pat, Martin, Christa Lese, Ledbetter, David H., Leboyer, Marion, Lecouteur, Ann S., Ladd-Acosta, Christine, Kolevzon, Alexander, Klauck, Sabine M., Jacob, Suma, Iliadou, Bozenna, Hultman, Christina M., Hougaard, David M., Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Hendren, Robert, Hansen, Christine Søholm, Haines, Jonathan L., Guter, Stephen J., Grice, Dorothy E., Green, Jonathan M., Green, Andrew, Goldberg, Arthur P., Gillberg, Christopher, Gilbert, John, Gallagher, Louise, Freitag, Christine M., Fombonne, Eric, Folstein, Susan E., Fernandez, Bridget, Fallin, M. Daniele, Ercan-Sencicek, A. Gulhan, Ennis, Sean, Duque, Frederico, Duketis, Eftichia, Delorme, Richard, Derubeis, Silvia, Dejonge, Maretha V., Dawson, Geraldine, Cuccaro, Michael L., Correia, Catarina T., Conroy, Judith, Conceição, Ines C., Chiocchetti, Andreas G., Celestino-Soper, Patrícia B.S., Casey, Jillian, Cantor, Rita M., Café, Cátia, Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas, Brennan, Sean, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bolton, Patrick F., Bölte, Sven, Bolshakova, Nadia, Betancur, Catalina, Bernier, Raphael, Beaudet, Arthur L., Battaglia, Agatino, Bal, Vanessa H., Baird, Gillian, Bailey, Anthony J., Bækvad-Hansen, Marie, Bader, Joel S., Bacchelli, Elena, Anagnostou, Evdokia, Amaral, David, Almeida, Joana, Børglum, Anders D., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Chakravarti, Aravinda, Cook, Edwin H., Coon, Hilary, Geschwind, Daniel H., Gill, Michael, Hakonarson, Hakon, Hallmayer, Joachim, Palotie, Aarno, Santangelo, Susan, Sutcliffe, James S., Arking, Dan E., Devlin, Bernie, and Daly, Mark J.

Abstract

Background: Over the past decade genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been applied to aid in the understanding of the biology of traits. The success of this approach is governed by the underlying effect sizes carried by the true risk variants and the corresponding statistical power to observe such effects given the study design and sample size under investigation. Previous ASD GWAS have identified genome-wide significant (GWS) risk loci; however, these studies were of only of low statistical power to identify GWS loci at the lower effect sizes (odds ratio (OR) <1.15). Methods: We conducted a large-scale coordinated international collaboration to combine independent genotyping data to improve the statistical power and aid in robust discovery of GWS loci. This study uses genome-wide genotyping data from a discovery sample (7387 ASD cases and 8567 controls) followed by meta-analysis of summary statistics from two replication sets (7783 ASD cases and 11359 controls; and 1369 ASD cases and 137308 controls). Results: We observe a GWS locus at 10q24.32 that overlaps several genes including PITX3, which encodes a transcription factor identified as playing a role in neuronal differentiation and CUEDC2 previously reported to be associated with social skills in an independent population cohort. We also observe overlap with regions previously implicated in schizophrenia which was further supported by a strong genetic correlation between these disorders (Rg = 0.23; P = 9 × 10-6). We further combined these Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) ASD GWAS data with the recent PGC schizophrenia GWAS to identify additional regions which may be important in a common neurodevelopmental phenotype and identified 12 novel GWS loci. These include loci previously implicated in ASD such as FOXP1 at 3p13, ATP2B2 at 3p25.3, and a 'neurodevelopmental hub' on chromosome 8p11.23. Conclusions: This study is an important step in the ongoing endeavour to identify the loci whic

Published
2017

157. Autistic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder

Author

Cook, Edwin H., Kieffer, John E., Charak, David A., and Leventhal, Bennet L.

Subjects
Autistic children -- Research, Post-traumatic stress disorder -- Research, Children -- Psychological aspects, Family and marriage, Psychology and mental health
Published
1993

163. Whole genome sequencing resource identifies 18 new candidate genes for autism spectrum disorder

Author

C Yuen, Ryan K, primary, Merico, Daniele, additional, Bookman, Matt, additional, L Howe, Jennifer, additional, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, additional, Patel, Rohan V, additional, Whitney, Joe, additional, Deflaux, Nicole, additional, Bingham, Jonathan, additional, Wang, Zhuozhi, additional, Pellecchia, Giovanna, additional, Buchanan, Janet A, additional, Walker, Susan, additional, Marshall, Christian R, additional, Uddin, Mohammed, additional, Zarrei, Mehdi, additional, Deneault, Eric, additional, D'Abate, Lia, additional, Chan, Ada J S, additional, Koyanagi, Stephanie, additional, Paton, Tara, additional, Pereira, Sergio L, additional, Hoang, Ny, additional, Engchuan, Worrawat, additional, Higginbotham, Edward J, additional, Ho, Karen, additional, Lamoureux, Sylvia, additional, Li, Weili, additional, MacDonald, Jeffrey R, additional, Nalpathamkalam, Thomas, additional, Sung, Wilson W L, additional, Tsoi, Fiona J, additional, Wei, John, additional, Xu, Lizhen, additional, Tasse, Anne-Marie, additional, Kirby, Emily, additional, Van Etten, William, additional, Twigger, Simon, additional, Roberts, Wendy, additional, Drmic, Irene, additional, Jilderda, Sanne, additional, Modi, Bonnie MacKinnon, additional, Kellam, Barbara, additional, Szego, Michael, additional, Cytrynbaum, Cheryl, additional, Weksberg, Rosanna, additional, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, additional, Woodbury-Smith, Marc, additional, Brian, Jessica, additional, Senman, Lili, additional, Iaboni, Alana, additional, Doyle-Thomas, Krissy, additional, Thompson, Ann, additional, Chrysler, Christina, additional, Leef, Jonathan, additional, Savion-Lemieux, Tal, additional, Smith, Isabel M, additional, Liu, Xudong, additional, Nicolson, Rob, additional, Seifer, Vicki, additional, Fedele, Angie, additional, Cook, Edwin H, additional, Dager, Stephen, additional, Estes, Annette, additional, Gallagher, Louise, additional, Malow, Beth A, additional, Parr, Jeremy R, additional, Spence, Sarah J, additional, Vorstman, Jacob, additional, Frey, Brendan J, additional, Robinson, James T, additional, Strug, Lisa J, additional, Fernandez, Bridget A, additional, Elsabbagh, Mayada, additional, Carter, Melissa T, additional, Hallmayer, Joachim, additional, Knoppers, Bartha M, additional, Anagnostou, Evdokia, additional, Szatmari, Peter, additional, Ring, Robert H, additional, Glazer, David, additional, Pletcher, Mathew T, additional, and Scherer, Stephen W, additional

Published
2017
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166. Joint Analysis Of Psychiatric Disorders Increases Accuracy Of Risk Prediction For Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, And Major Depressive Disorder

Author

Maier, Robert, Moser, Gerhard, Chen, Guo-Bo, Ripke, Stephan, Coryell, William, Potash, James B., Scheftner, William A., Shi, Jianxin, Weissman, Myrna M., Hultman, Christina M., Landén, Mikael, Levinson, Douglas F., Kendler, Kenneth S., Smoller, Jordan W., Wray, Naomi R., Lee, S. Hong, Absher, Devin, Agartz, Ingrid, Akil, Huda, Amin, Farooq, Andreassen, Ole A., Anjorin, Adebayo, Anney, Richard, Arking, Dan E., Asherson, Philip, Azevedo, Maria H., Backlund, Lena, Badner, Judith A., Bailey, Anthony J., Banaschewski, Tobias, Barchas, Jack D., Barnes, Michael R., Barrett, Thomas B., Bass, Nicholas, Battaglia, Agatino, Bauer, Michael, Bayés, Mònica, Bellivier, Frank, Bergen, Sarah E., Berrettini, Wade, Betancur, Catalina, Bettecken, Thomas, Biederman, Joseph, Binder, Elisabeth B., Black, Donald W., Blackwood, Douglas H.R., Bloss, Cinnamon S., Boehnke, Michael, Boomsma, Dorret I., Breen, Gerome, Breuer, René, Bruggeman, Richard, Buccola, Nancy G., Buitelaar, Jan K., Bunney, William E., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Byerley, William F., Caesar, Sian, Cahn, Wiepke, Cantor, Rita M., Casas, Miguel, Chakravarti, Aravinda, Chambert, Kimberly, Choudhury, Khalid, Cichon, Sven, Cloninger, C. Robert, Collier, David A., Cook, Edwin H., Coon, Hilary, Cormand, Bru, Cormican, Paul, Corvin, Aiden, Coryell, William H., Craddock, Nicholas, Craig, David W., Craig, Ian W, Crosbie, Jennifer, Cuccaro, Michael L., Curtis, David, Czamara, Darina, Daly, Mark J., Datta, Susmita, Dawson, Geraldine, Day, Richard, De Geus, Eco J., Degenhardt, Franziska, Devlin, Bernie, Djurovic, Srdjan, Donohoe, Gary J., Doyle, Alysa E., Duan, Jubao, and Dudbridge, Frank

Published
2015
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168. Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest a Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette Syndrome and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Author

Yu, Dongmei, Mathews, Carol A., Scharf, Jeremiah M., Neale, Benjamin M., Davis, Lea K., Gamazon, Eric R., Derks, Eske M., Evans, Patrick, Edlund, Christopher K., Crane, Jacquelyn, Fagerness, Jesen A., Osiecki, Lisa, Gallagher, Patience, Gerber, Gloria, Haddad, Stephen, Illmann, Cornelia, McGrath, Lauren M., Mayerfeld, Catherine, Arepalli, Sampath, Barlassina, Cristina, Barr, Cathy L., Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Berrió, Gabriel Bedoya, Bienvenu, O. Joseph, Black, Donald, Bloch, Michael H., Brentani, Helena, Bruun, Ruth D., Budman, Cathy L., Camarena, Beatriz, Campbell, Desmond D., Cappi, Carolina, Cardona Silgado, Julio C., Cavallini, Maria C., Chavira, Denise A., Chouinard, Sylvain, Cook, Edwin H., Cookson, M. R., Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Cusi, Daniele, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Dion, Yves, Eapen, Valsama, Egberts, Karin, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas, Fournier, Eduardo, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Gilbert, Donald, Girard, Simon L., Grabe, Hans J., Grados, Marco A., Greenberg, Benjamin D., Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Hardy, John, Heiman, Gary A., Hemmings, Sian M.J., Herrera, Luis D., Hezel, Dianne M., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L., King, Robert A., Konkashbaev, Anuar I., Kremeyer, Barbara, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F., Lennertz, Leonhard, Liu, Chunyu, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L., Lupoli, Sara, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, Manunta, Paolo, Marconi, Maurizio, McCracken, James T., Mesa Restrepo, Sandra C., Moessner, Rainald, Moorjani, Priya, Morgan, Jubel, Muller, Heike, Murphy, Dennis L., Naarden, Allan L., Ochoa, William Cornejo, Ophoff, Roel A., Pakstis, Andrew J., Pato, Michele T., Pato, Carlos N., Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Rauch, Scott L., Renner, Tobias, Reus, Victor I., Richter, Margaret A., Riddle, Mark A., Robertson, Mary M., Romero, Roxana, Rosário, Maria C., Rosenberg, David, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sabatti, Chiara, Salvi, Erika, Sampaio, Aline S., Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Service, Susan K., Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S., Smit, Jan H., Stein, Dan J., Strengman, Eric, Tischfield, Jay A., Turiel, Maurizio, Valencia Duarte, Ana V., Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Walkup, John, Wang, Ying, Weale, Mike, Weiss, Robert, Wendland, Jens R., Westenberg, Herman G.M., Yao, Yin, Hounie, Ana G., Miguel, Euripedes C., Nicolini, Humberto, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Cath, Danielle C., McMahon, William, Posthuma, Danielle, Oostra, Ben A., Nestadt, Gerald, Rouleau, Guy A., Purcell, Shaun, Jenike, Michael A., Heutink, Peter, Hanna, Gregory L., Conti, David V., Arnold, Paul D., Freimer, Nelson, Stewart, S. Evelyn, Knowles, James A., Cox, Nancy J., and Pauls, David L.

Subjects
Adult, Male, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Comorbidity, behavioral disciplines and activities, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Severity of Illness Index, Article, mental disorders, Humans, Female, Genome-Wide Association Study, Tourette Syndrome
Abstract

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette's syndrome are highly heritable neurodevelopmental disorders that are thought to share genetic risk factors. However, the identification of definitive susceptibility genes for these etiologically complex disorders remains elusive. The authors report a combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) of Tourette's syndrome and OCD.The authors conducted a GWAS in 2,723 cases (1,310 with OCD, 834 with Tourette's syndrome, 579 with OCD plus Tourette's syndrome/chronic tics), 5,667 ancestry-matched controls, and 290 OCD parent-child trios. GWAS summary statistics were examined for enrichment of functional variants associated with gene expression levels in brain regions. Polygenic score analyses were conducted to investigate the genetic architecture within and across the two disorders.Although no individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) achieved genome-wide significance, the GWAS signals were enriched for SNPs strongly associated with variations in brain gene expression levels (expression quantitative loci, or eQTLs), suggesting the presence of true functional variants that contribute to risk of these disorders. Polygenic score analyses identified a significant polygenic component for OCD (p=2×10(-4)), predicting 3.2% of the phenotypic variance in an independent data set. In contrast, Tourette's syndrome had a smaller, nonsignificant polygenic component, predicting only 0.6% of the phenotypic variance (p=0.06). No significant polygenic signal was detected across the two disorders, although the sample is likely underpowered to detect a modest shared signal. Furthermore, the OCD polygenic signal was significantly attenuated when cases with both OCD and co-occurring Tourette's syndrome/chronic tics were included in the analysis (p=0.01).Previous work has shown that Tourette's syndrome and OCD have some degree of shared genetic variation. However, the data from this study suggest that there are also distinct components to the genetic architectures of these two disorders. Furthermore, OCD with co-occurring Tourette's syndrome/chronic tics may have different underlying genetic susceptibility compared with OCD alone.

Published
2014

169. Expression of microRNAs and Other Small RNAs in Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder and Depressed Subjects

Author

Smalheiser, Neil R., Lugli, Giovanni, Zhang, Hui, Rizavi, Hooriyah, Cook, Edwin H., and Dwivedi, Yogesh

Abstract

Because of the role played by miRNAs in post-transcriptional regulation of an array of genes, their impact in neuropsychiatric disease pathophysiology has increasingly been evident. In the present study, we assessed microRNA expression in prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 10) of a well-characterized cohort of major depressed, bipolar, and schizophrenia subjects (obtained from Stanley Neuropathology Consortium; n=15 in each group), using high throughput RT-PCR plates. Discrete miRNA alterations were observed in all disorders, as well as in suicide subjects (pooled across diagnostic categories) compared to all non-suicide subjects. The changes in the schizophrenia group were partially similar to those in the bipolar group, but distinct from changes in depression and suicide. Intriguingly, those miRNAs which were down-regulated in the schizophrenia group tended to be synaptically enriched, whereas up-regulated miRNAs tended not to be. To follow this up, we purified synaptosomes from pooled samples of the schizophrenia vs. control groups and subjected them to Illumina deep sequencing. There was a significant loss of small RNA expression in schizophrenia synaptosomes only for certain sequence lengths within the miRNA range. Moreover, 73 miRNAs were significantly down-regulated whereas only one was up-regulated. Strikingly, across all expressed miRNAs in synaptosomes, there was a significant inverse correlation between the fold-change of a given miRNA seen in schizophrenia and its synaptic enrichment ratio observed in controls. Thus, synaptic miRNAs tended to be down-regulated in schizophrenia, and the more highly synaptically enriched miRNAs tended to show greater down-regulation. These findings point to some deficit in miRNA biogenesis, transport, processing or turnover in schizophrenia that is selective for the synaptic compartment. A novel class of ncRNA-derived small RNAs, shown to be strongly induced during an early phase of learning in mouse, is also expressed in man, and at least one representative (SNORD85) was strongly down-regulated in schizophrenia synaptosomes.Figures

Published
2014

170. Autism Spectrum Disorders

Author

Lord, Catherine, Cook, Edwin H, Leventhal, Bennett L, and Amaral, David G

Subjects
0303 health sciences, Neuroscience(all), General Neuroscience, Brain, Social Behavior Disorders, Child Behavior Disorders, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Disease Models, Animal, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Child, Preschool, Animals, Humans, Macaca, Autistic Disorder, Child, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, 030304 developmental biology
Published
2000

173. Constance E. Lieber, Theodore R. Stanley, and the Enduring Impact of Philanthropy on Psychiatry Research

Author

Krystal, John H., primary, Abi-Dargham, Anissa, additional, Akbarian, Schahram, additional, Arnsten, Amy F.T., additional, Barch, Deanna M., additional, Bearden, Carrie E., additional, Braff, David L., additional, Brown, E. Sherwood, additional, Bullmore, Edward T., additional, Carlezon, William A., additional, Carter, Cameron S., additional, Cook, Edwin H., additional, Daskalakis, Zafiris Jeff, additional, DiLeone, Ralph J., additional, Duman, Ronald S., additional, Grace, Anthony A., additional, Hariri, Ahmad R., additional, Harrison, Paul J., additional, Hiroi, Noboru, additional, Kenny, Paul J., additional, Kleinman, Joel E., additional, Krystal, Andrew D., additional, Lewis, David A., additional, Lipska, Barbara K., additional, Marder, Stephen R., additional, Mason, Graeme F., additional, Mathalon, Daniel H., additional, McClung, Colleen A., additional, McDougle, Christopher J., additional, McIntosh, Andrew M., additional, McMahon, Francis J., additional, Mirnics, Károly, additional, Monteggia, Lisa M., additional, Narendran, Rajesh, additional, Nestler, Eric J., additional, Neumeister, Alexander, additional, O’Donovan, Michael C., additional, Öngür, Dost, additional, Pariante, Carmine M., additional, Paulus, Martin P., additional, Pearlson, Godfrey, additional, Phillips, Mary L., additional, Pine, Daniel S., additional, Pizzagalli, Diego A., additional, Pletnikov, Mikhail V., additional, Ragland, J. Daniel, additional, Rapoport, Judith L., additional, Ressler, Kerry J., additional, Russo, Scott J., additional, Sanacora, Gerard, additional, Sawa, Akira, additional, Schatzberg, Alan F., additional, Shaham, Yavin, additional, Shamay-Tsoory, Simone G., additional, Sklar, Pamela, additional, State, Matthew W., additional, Stein, Murray B., additional, Strakowski, Stephen M., additional, Taylor, Stephan F., additional, Turecki, Gustavo, additional, Turetsky, Bruce I., additional, Weissman, Myrna M., additional, Zachariou, Venetia, additional, Zarate, Carlos A., additional, and Zubieta, Jon-Kar, additional

Published
2016
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177. Confirmation of the Factor Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression: Reactive/Proactive in Clinic-Referred Children With and Without Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author

Farmer, Cristan A., primary, Kaat, Aaron J., additional, Mazurek, Micah O., additional, Lainhart, Janet E., additional, DeWitt, Mary Beth, additional, Cook, Edwin H., additional, Butter, Eric M., additional, and Aman, Michael G., additional

Published
2016
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178. Cross-Disorder Genome-Wide Analyses Suggest a Complex Genetic Relationship Between Tourette's Syndrome and OCD

Author

Sub String Theory Cosmology and ElemPart, Leerstoel Hout, Experimental psychopathology, Yu, Dongmei, Mathews, Carol A, Scharf, Jeremiah M, Neale, Benjamin M, Davis, Lea K, Gamazon, Eric R, Derks, Eske M, Evans, Patrick, Edlund, Christopher K, Crane, Jacquelyn, Fagerness, Jesen A, Osiecki, Lisa, Gallagher, Patience, Gerber, Gloria, Haddad, Stephen, Illmann, Cornelia, McGrath, Lauren M, Mayerfeld, Catherine, Arepalli, Sampath, Barlassina, Cristina, Barr, Cathy L, Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Berrió, Gabriel Bedoya, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Black, Donald W, Bloch, Michael H, Brentani, Helena, Bruun, Ruth D, Budman, Cathy L, Camarena, Beatriz, Campbell, Desmond D, Cappi, Carolina, Silgado, Julio C Cardona, Cavallini, Maria C, Chavira, Denise A, Chouinard, Sylvain, Cook, Edwin H, Cookson, M R, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Cusi, Daniele, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Dion, Yves, Eapen, Valsama, Egberts, Karin, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas, Fournier, Eduardo, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Gilbert, Donald L, Girard, Simon L, Grabe, Hans J, Grados, Marco A, Greenberg, Benjamin D, Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Hardy, John, Heiman, Gary A, Hemmings, Sian M J, Herrera, Luis D, Hezel, Dianne M, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L, King, Robert A, Konkashbaev, Anuar I, Kremeyer, Barbara, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F, Lennertz, Leonhard, Liu, Chunyu, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L, Lupoli, Sara, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, Manunta, Paolo, Marconi, Maurizio, McCracken, James T, Mesa Restrepo, Sandra C, Moessner, Rainald, Moorjani, Priya, Morgan, Jubel, Muller, Heike, Murphy, Dennis L, Naarden, Allan L, Nurmi, Erika, Ochoa, William Cornejo, Ophoff, Roel A, Pakstis, Andrew J, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Rauch, Scott L, Renner, Tobias, Reus, Victor I, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark A, Robertson, Mary M, Romero, Roxana, Rosário, Maria C, Rosenberg, David, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sabatti, Chiara, Salvi, Erika, Sampaio, Aline S, Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Service, Susan K, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S, Smit, Jan H, Stein, Dan J, Strengman, Eric, Tischfield, Jay A, Turiel, Maurizio, Valencia Duarte, Ana V, Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Weale, Mike, Weiss, Robert, Wendland, Jens R, Westenberg, Herman G M, Shugart, Yin Yao, Hounie, Ana G, Miguel, Euripedes C, Nicolini, Humberto, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Cath, Danielle C, McMahon, William, Posthuma, Danielle, Oostra, Ben A, Nestadt, Gerald, Rouleau, Guy A, Purcell, Shaun, Jenike, Michael A, Heutink, Peter, Hanna, Gregory L, Conti, David V, Arnold, Paul D, Freimer, Nelson B, Stewart, S Evelyn, Knowles, James A, Cox, Nancy J, Pauls, David L, Sub String Theory Cosmology and ElemPart, Leerstoel Hout, Experimental psychopathology, Yu, Dongmei, Mathews, Carol A, Scharf, Jeremiah M, Neale, Benjamin M, Davis, Lea K, Gamazon, Eric R, Derks, Eske M, Evans, Patrick, Edlund, Christopher K, Crane, Jacquelyn, Fagerness, Jesen A, Osiecki, Lisa, Gallagher, Patience, Gerber, Gloria, Haddad, Stephen, Illmann, Cornelia, McGrath, Lauren M, Mayerfeld, Catherine, Arepalli, Sampath, Barlassina, Cristina, Barr, Cathy L, Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Berrió, Gabriel Bedoya, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Black, Donald W, Bloch, Michael H, Brentani, Helena, Bruun, Ruth D, Budman, Cathy L, Camarena, Beatriz, Campbell, Desmond D, Cappi, Carolina, Silgado, Julio C Cardona, Cavallini, Maria C, Chavira, Denise A, Chouinard, Sylvain, Cook, Edwin H, Cookson, M R, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Cusi, Daniele, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Dion, Yves, Eapen, Valsama, Egberts, Karin, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas, Fournier, Eduardo, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Gilbert, Donald L, Girard, Simon L, Grabe, Hans J, Grados, Marco A, Greenberg, Benjamin D, Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Hardy, John, Heiman, Gary A, Hemmings, Sian M J, Herrera, Luis D, Hezel, Dianne M, Hoekstra, Pieter J, Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L, King, Robert A, Konkashbaev, Anuar I, Kremeyer, Barbara, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F, Lennertz, Leonhard, Liu, Chunyu, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L, Lupoli, Sara, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, Manunta, Paolo, Marconi, Maurizio, McCracken, James T, Mesa Restrepo, Sandra C, Moessner, Rainald, Moorjani, Priya, Morgan, Jubel, Muller, Heike, Murphy, Dennis L, Naarden, Allan L, Nurmi, Erika, Ochoa, William Cornejo, Ophoff, Roel A, Pakstis, Andrew J, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Rauch, Scott L, Renner, Tobias, Reus, Victor I, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark A, Robertson, Mary M, Romero, Roxana, Rosário, Maria C, Rosenberg, David, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sabatti, Chiara, Salvi, Erika, Sampaio, Aline S, Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Service, Susan K, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S, Smit, Jan H, Stein, Dan J, Strengman, Eric, Tischfield, Jay A, Turiel, Maurizio, Valencia Duarte, Ana V, Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Weale, Mike, Weiss, Robert, Wendland, Jens R, Westenberg, Herman G M, Shugart, Yin Yao, Hounie, Ana G, Miguel, Euripedes C, Nicolini, Humberto, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Cath, Danielle C, McMahon, William, Posthuma, Danielle, Oostra, Ben A, Nestadt, Gerald, Rouleau, Guy A, Purcell, Shaun, Jenike, Michael A, Heutink, Peter, Hanna, Gregory L, Conti, David V, Arnold, Paul D, Freimer, Nelson B, Stewart, S Evelyn, Knowles, James A, Cox, Nancy J, and Pauls, David L

Published
2015

179. Separating Family-Level and Direct Exposure Effects of Smoking During Pregnancy on Offspring Externalizing Symptoms: Bridging the Behavior Genetic and Behavior Teratologic Divide

Author

Estabrook, Ryne, primary, Massey, Suena H., additional, Clark, Caron A. C., additional, Burns, James L., additional, Mustanski, Brian S., additional, Cook, Edwin H., additional, O’Brien, T. Caitlin, additional, Makowski, Beth, additional, Espy, Kimberly A., additional, and Wakschlag, Lauren S., additional

Published
2015
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180. Escitalopram pharmacogenetics

Author

Bishop, Jeffrey R., primary, Najjar, Fedra, additional, Rubin, Leah H., additional, Guter, Stephen J., additional, Owley, Thomas, additional, Mosconi, Matthew W., additional, Jacob, Suma, additional, and Cook, Edwin H., additional

Published
2015
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181. Partitioning the heritability of Tourette Syndrome and obsessive compulsive disorder reveals differences in genetic architecture

Author

Keller, Matthew C., Davis, Lea K., Yu, Dongmei, Keenan, Clare L., Gamazon, Eric R., Konkashbaev, Anuar I., Derks, Eske M., Neale, Benjamin M., Yang, Jian, Lee, S. Hong, Evans, Patrick, Barr, Cathy L., Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Berrio, Gabriel Bedoya, Bienvenu, Oscar J., Bloch, Michael H., Blom, Rianne M., Bruun, Ruth D., Budman, Cathy L., Camarena, Beatriz, Campbell, Desmond, Cappi, Carolina, Cardona Silgado, Julio C., Cath, Danielle C., Cavallini, Maria C., Chavira, Denise A., Chouinard, Sylvain, Conti, David V., Cook, Edwin H., Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette A., Deforce, Dieter, Delorme, Richard, Dion, Yves, Edlund, Christopher K., Egberts, Karin, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V., Gallagher, Patience J., Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Girard, Simon L., Grabe, Hans J., Grados, Marco A., Greenberg, Benjamin D., Gross-Tsur, Varda, Haddad, Stephen, Heiman, Gary A., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Hounie, Ana G., Illmann, Cornelia, Jankovic, Joseph, Jenike, Michael A., Kennedy, James L., King, Robert A., Kremeyer, Barbara, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F., Lennertz, Leonhard, Liu, Chunyu, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L., Macciardi, Fabio, McCracken, James T., McGrath, Lauren M., Mesa Restrepo, Sandra C., Moessner, Rainald, Morgan, Jubel, Muller, Heike, Murphy, Dennis L., Naarden, Allan L., Ochoa, William Cornejo, Ophoff, Roel A., Osiecki, Lisa, Pakstis, Andrew J., Pato, Michele T., Pato, Carlos N., Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Rauch, Scott L., Renner, Tobias J., Reus, Victor I., Richter, Margaret A., Riddle, Mark A., Robertson, Mary M., Romero, Roxana, Rosàrio, Maria C., Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A., Ruhrmann, Stephan, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Sampaio, Aline S., Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S., Smit, Jan H., Stein, Dan J., Strengman, E., Tischfield, Jay A., Valencia Duarte, Ana V., Vallada, Homero, Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendland, Jens R., Westenberg, Herman G. M., Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C., McMahon, William, Wagner, Michael, Nicolini, Humberto, Posthuma, Danielle, Hanna, Gregory L., Heutink, Peter, Denys, Damiaan, Arnold, Paul D., Oostra, Ben A., Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson B., Pauls, David L., Wray, Naomi R., Stewart, S. Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A., Knowles, James A., Cox, Nancy J., and Scharf, Jeremiah M.

Subjects
Gilles, Missing Heritability, Autism, Life Sciences, Brain, Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Expression, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tic Disorders, Common Snps, mental disorders, Medicine and Health Sciences, Complex Diseases, Family
Abstract

The direct estimation of heritability from genome-wide common variant data as implemented in the program Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis (GCTA) has provided a means to quantify heritability attributable to all interrogated variants. We have quantified the variance in liability to disease explained by all SNPs for two phenotypically-related neurobehavioral disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette Syndrome (TS), using GCTA. Our analysis yielded a heritability point estimate of 0.58 (se = 0.09, p = 5.64e-12) for TS, and 0.37 (se = 0.07, p = 1.5e-07) for OCD. In addition, we conducted multiple genomic partitioning analyses to identify genomic elements that concentrate this heritability. We examined genomic architectures of TS and OCD by chromosome, MAF bin, and functional annotations. In addition, we assessed heritability for early onset and adult onset OCD. Among other notable results, we found that SNPs with a minor allele frequency of less than 5% accounted for 21% of the TS heritability and 0% of the OCD heritability. Additionally, we identified a significant contribution to TS and OCD heritability by variants significantly associated with gene expression in two regions of the brain (parietal cortex and cerebellum) for which we had available expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs). Finally we analyzed the genetic correlation between TS and OCD, revealing a genetic correlation of 0.41 (se = 0.15, p = 0.002). These results are very close to previous heritability estimates for TS and OCD based on twin and family studies, suggesting that very little, if any, heritability is truly missing (i.e., unassayed) from TS and OCD GWAS studies of common variation. The results also indicate that there is some genetic overlap between these two phenotypically-related neuropsychiatric disorders, but suggest that the two disorders have distinct genetic architectures.

Published
2013

182. Cognitive mechanisms of inhibitory control deficits in autism spectrum disorder.

Author

Schmitt, Lauren M., White, Stormi P., Cook, Edwin H., Sweeney, John A., and Mosconi, Matthew W.

Subjects
AUTISM, COGNITION disorders, PSYCHOLOGICAL tests, REACTION time, RESEARCH evaluation, EXECUTIVE function
Abstract

Background: Inhibitory control deficits are common in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and associated with more severe repetitive behaviors. Inhibitory control deficits may reflect slower execution of stopping processes, or a reduced ability to delay the onset of behavioral responses in contexts of uncertainty. Previous studies have documented relatively spared stopping processes in ASD, but whether inhibitory control deficits in ASD reflect failures to delay response onset has not been systematically assessed. Further, while improvements in stopping abilities and response slowing are seen through adolescence/early adulthood in health, their development in ASD is less clear. Methods: A stop‐signal test (SST) was administered to 121 individuals with ASD and 76 age and IQ‐matched healthy controls (ages 5–28). This test included ‘GO trials’ in which participants pressed a button when a peripheral target appeared and interleaved ‘STOP trials’ in which they were cued to inhibit button‐presses when a stop‐signal appeared at variable times following the GO cue. STOP trial accuracy, RT of the stopping process (SSRT), and reaction time (RT) slowing during GO trials were examined. Results: Relative to controls, individuals with ASD had reduced accuracy on STOP trials. SSRTs were similar across control and ASD participants, but RT slowing was reduced in patients compared to controls. Age‐related increases in stopping ability and RT slowing were attenuated in ASD. Reduced stopping accuracy and RT slowing were associated with more severe repetitive behaviors in ASD. Discussion: Our findings show that inhibitory control deficits in ASD involve failures to strategically delay behavioral response onset. These results suggest that reduced preparatory behavioral control may underpin inhibitory control deficits as well as repetitive behaviors in ASD. Typical age‐related improvements in inhibitory control during late childhood/early adolescence are reduced in ASD, highlighting an important developmental window during which treatments may mitigate cognitive alterations contributing to repetitive behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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184. Individual common variants exert weak effects on the risk for autism spectrum disorderspi

Author

Anney, Richard Klei, Lambertus Pinto, Dalila Almeida, Joana and Bacchelli, Elena Baird, Gillian Bolshakova, Nadia and Boelte, Sven Bolton, Patrick F. Bourgeron, Thomas Brennan, Sean Brian, Jessica Casey, Jillian Conroy, Judith and Correia, Catarina Corsello, Christina Crawford, Emily L. de Jonge, Maretha Delorme, Richard Duketis, Eftichia Duque, Frederico Estes, Annette Farrar, Penny Fernandez, Bridget A. and Folstein, Susan E. Fombonne, Eric Gilbert, John and Gillberg, Christopher Glessner, Joseph T. Green, Andrew and Green, Jonathan Guter, Stephen J. Heron, Elizabeth A. Holt, Richard Howe, Jennifer L. Hughes, Gillian Hus, Vanessa and Igliozzi, Roberta Jacob, Suma Kenny, Graham P. Kim, Cecilia and Kolevzon, Alexander Kustanovich, Vlad Lajonchere, Clara M. and Lamb, Janine A. Law-Smith, Miriam Leboyer, Marion Le Couteur, Ann Leventhal, Bennett L. Liu, Xiao-Qing Lombard, Frances Lord, Catherine Lotspeich, Linda Lund, Sabata C. and Magalhaes, Tiago R. Mantoulan, Carine McDougle, Christopher J. and Melhem, Nadine M. Merikangas, Alison Minshew, Nancy J. and Mirza, Ghazala K. Munson, Jeff Noakes, Carolyn Nygren, Gudrun Papanikolaou, Katerina Pagnamenta, Alistair T. and Parrini, Barbara Paton, Tara Pickles, Andrew Posey, David J. and Poustka, Fritz Ragoussis, Jiannis Regan, Regina Roberts, Wendy Roeder, Kathryn Roge, Bernadette Rutter, Michael L. and Schlitt, Sabine Shah, Naisha Sheffield, Val C. Soorya, Latha Sousa, Ines Stoppioni, Vera Sykes, Nuala Tancredi, Raffaella Thompson, Ann P. Thomson, Susanne Tryfon, Ana and Tsiantis, John Van Engeland, Herman Vincent, John B. and Volkmar, Fred Vorstman, J. A. S. Wallace, Simon Wing, Kirsty and Wittemeyer, Kerstin Wood, Shawn Zurawiecki, Danielle and Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie Bailey, Anthony J. Battaglia, Agatino and Cantor, Rita M. Coon, Hilary Cuccaro, Michael L. Dawson, Geraldine Ennis, Sean Freitag, Christine M. Geschwind, Daniel H. Haines, Jonathan L. Klauck, Sabine M. McMahon, William M. Maestrini, Elena Miller, Judith Monaco, Anthony P. Nelson, Stanley F. Nurnberger, Jr., John I. Oliveira, Guiomar Parr, Jeremy R. Pericak-Vance, Margaret A. Piven, Joseph Schellenberg, Gerard D. Scherer, StephenW. Vicente, Astrid M. Wassink, Thomas H. Wijsman, Ellen M. Betancur, Catalina Buxbaum, Joseph D. Cook, Edwin H. Gallagher, Louise and Gill, Michael Hallmayer, Joachim Paterson, Andrew D. and Sutcliffe, James S. Szatmari, Peter Vieland, Veronica J. and Hakonarson, Hakon Devlin, Bernie

Subjects
mental disorders
Abstract

While it is apparent that rare variation can play an important role in the genetic architecture of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), the contribution of common variation to the risk of developing ASD is less clear. To produce a more comprehensive picture, we report Stage 2 of the Autism Genome Project genome-wide association study, adding 1301 ASD families and bringing the total to 2705 families analysed (Stages 1 and 2). In addition to evaluating the association of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we also sought evidence that common variants, en masse, might affect the risk. Despite genotyping over a million SNPs covering the genome, no single SNP shows significant association with ASD or selected phenotypes at a genome-wide level. The SNP that achieves the smallest P-value from secondary analyses is rs1718101. It falls in CNTNAP2, a gene previously implicated in susceptibility for ASD. This SNP also shows modest association with age of word/phrase acquisition in ASD subjects, of interest because features of language development are also associated with other variation in CNTNAP2. In contrast, allele scores derived from the transmission of common alleles to Stage 1 cases significantly predict case status in the independent Stage 2 sample. Despite being significant, the variance explained by these allele scores was small (Vm 1). Based on results from individual SNPs and their en masse effect on risk, as inferred from the allele score results, it is reasonable to conclude that common variants affect the risk for ASD but their individual effects are modest.

Published
2012

185. Significant neuronal soma volume deficit in the limbic system in subjects with 15q11.2-q13 duplications

Author

Wegiel, Jerzy, primary, Flory, Michael, additional, Schanen, N. Carolyn, additional, Cook, Edwin H., additional, Nowicki, Krzysztof, additional, Kuchna, Izabela, additional, Imaki, Humi, additional, Ma, Shuang Yong, additional, Wegiel, Jarek, additional, London, Eric, additional, Casanova, Manuel F., additional, Wisniewski, Thomas, additional, and Brown, W. Ted, additional

Published
2015
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187. CYP2A6Longitudinal Effects in Young Smokers

Author

Cannon, Dale S., primary, Medina, Tait R., additional, Mermelstein, Robin J., additional, Hedeker, Donald, additional, Bakian, Amanda V., additional, Coon, Hilary, additional, Cook, Edwin H., additional, Hamil, Cindy, additional, and Weiss, Robert B., additional

Published
2015
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190. Joint Analysis of Psychiatric Disorders Increases Accuracy of Risk Prediction for Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, and Major Depressive Disorder

Author

Maier, Robert, primary, Moser, Gerhard, additional, Chen, Guo-Bo, additional, Ripke, Stephan, additional, Coryell, William, additional, Potash, James B., additional, Scheftner, William A., additional, Shi, Jianxin, additional, Weissman, Myrna M., additional, Hultman, Christina M., additional, Landén, Mikael, additional, Levinson, Douglas F., additional, Kendler, Kenneth S., additional, Smoller, Jordan W., additional, Wray, Naomi R., additional, Lee, S. Hong, additional, Absher, Devin, additional, Agartz, Ingrid, additional, Akil, Huda, additional, Amin, Farooq, additional, Andreassen, Ole A., additional, Anjorin, Adebayo, additional, Anney, Richard, additional, Arking, Dan E., additional, Asherson, Philip, additional, Azevedo, Maria H., additional, Backlund, Lena, additional, Badner, Judith A., additional, Bailey, Anthony J., additional, Banaschewski, Tobias, additional, Barchas, Jack D., additional, Barnes, Michael R., additional, Barrett, Thomas B., additional, Bass, Nicholas, additional, Battaglia, Agatino, additional, Bauer, Michael, additional, Bayés, Mònica, additional, Bellivier, Frank, additional, Bergen, Sarah E., additional, Berrettini, Wade, additional, Betancur, Catalina, additional, Bettecken, Thomas, additional, Biederman, Joseph, additional, Binder, Elisabeth B., additional, Black, Donald W., additional, Blackwood, Douglas H.R., additional, Bloss, Cinnamon S., additional, Boehnke, Michael, additional, Boomsma, Dorret I., additional, Breen, Gerome, additional, Breuer, René, additional, Bruggeman, Richard, additional, Buccola, Nancy G., additional, Buitelaar, Jan K., additional, Bunney, William E., additional, Buxbaum, Joseph D., additional, Byerley, William F., additional, Caesar, Sian, additional, Cahn, Wiepke, additional, Cantor, Rita M., additional, Casas, Miguel, additional, Chakravarti, Aravinda, additional, Chambert, Kimberly, additional, Choudhury, Khalid, additional, Cichon, Sven, additional, Cloninger, C. Robert, additional, Collier, David A., additional, Cook, Edwin H., additional, Coon, Hilary, additional, Cormand, Bru, additional, Cormican, Paul, additional, Corvin, Aiden, additional, Coryell, William H., additional, Craddock, Nicholas, additional, Craig, David W., additional, Craig, Ian W., additional, Crosbie, Jennifer, additional, Cuccaro, Michael L., additional, Curtis, David, additional, Czamara, Darina, additional, Daly, Mark J., additional, Datta, Susmita, additional, Dawson, Geraldine, additional, Day, Richard, additional, De Geus, Eco J., additional, Degenhardt, Franziska, additional, Devlin, Bernie, additional, Djurovic, Srdjan, additional, Donohoe, Gary J., additional, Doyle, Alysa E., additional, Duan, Jubao, additional, Dudbridge, Frank, additional, Duketis, Eftichia, additional, Ebstein, Richard P., additional, Edenberg, Howard J., additional, Elia, Josephine, additional, Ennis, Sean, additional, Etain, Bruno, additional, Fanous, Ayman, additional, Faraone, Stephen V., additional, Farmer, Anne E., additional, Ferrier, I. Nicol, additional, Flickinger, Matthew, additional, Fombonne, Eric, additional, Foroud, Tatiana, additional, Frank, Josef, additional, Franke, Barbara, additional, Fraser, Christine, additional, Freedman, Robert, additional, Freimer, Nelson B., additional, Freitag, Christine M., additional, Friedl, Marion, additional, Frisén, Louise, additional, Gallagher, Louise, additional, Gejman, Pablo V., additional, Georgieva, Lyudmila, additional, Gershon, Elliot S., additional, Geschwind, Daniel H., additional, Giegling, Ina, additional, Gill, Michael, additional, Gordon, Scott D., additional, Gordon-Smith, Katherine, additional, Green, Elaine K., additional, Greenwood, Tiffany A., additional, Grice, Dorothy E., additional, Gross, Magdalena, additional, Grozeva, Detelina, additional, Guan, Weihua, additional, Gurling, Hugh, additional, De Haan, Lieuwe, additional, Haines, Jonathan L., additional, Hakonarson, Hakon, additional, Hallmayer, Joachim, additional, Hamilton, Steven P., additional, Hamshere, Marian L., additional, Hansen, Thomas F., additional, Hartmann, Annette M., additional, Hautzinger, Martin, additional, Heath, Andrew C., additional, Henders, Anjali K., additional, Herms, Stefan, additional, Hickie, Ian B., additional, Hipolito, Maria, additional, Hoefels, Susanne, additional, Holmans, Peter A., additional, Holsboer, Florian, additional, Hoogendijk, Witte J., additional, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, additional, Hultman, Christina M., additional, Hus, Vanessa, additional, Ingason, Andrés, additional, Ising, Marcus, additional, Jamain, Stéphane, additional, Jones, Ian, additional, Jones, Lisa, additional, Kähler, Anna K., additional, Kahn, René S., additional, Kandaswamy, Radhika, additional, Keller, Matthew C., additional, Kelsoe, John R., additional, Kendler, Kenneth S., additional, Kennedy, James L., additional, Kenny, Elaine, additional, Kent, Lindsey, additional, Kim, Yunjung, additional, Kirov, George K., additional, Klauck, Sabine M., additional, Klei, Lambertus, additional, Knowles, James A., additional, Kohli, Martin A., additional, Koller, Daniel L., additional, Konte, Bettina, additional, Korszun, Ania, additional, Krabbendam, Lydia, additional, Krasucki, Robert, additional, Kuntsi, Jonna, additional, Kwan, Phoenix, additional, Långström, Niklas, additional, Lathrop, Mark, additional, Lawrence, Jacob, additional, Lawson, William B., additional, Leboyer, Marion, additional, Ledbetter, David H., additional, Lee, Phil H., additional, Lencz, Todd, additional, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, additional, Levinson, Douglas F., additional, Lewis, Cathryn M., additional, Li, Jun, additional, Lichtenstein, Paul, additional, Lieberman, Jeffrey A., additional, Lin, Dan-Yu, additional, Linszen, Don H., additional, Liu, Chunyu, additional, Lohoff, Falk W., additional, Loo, Sandra K., additional, Lord, Catherine, additional, Lowe, Jennifer K., additional, Lucae, Susanne, additional, MacIntyre, Donald J., additional, Madden, Pamela A.F., additional, Maestrini, Elena, additional, Magnusson, Patrik K.E., additional, Mahon, Pamela B., additional, Maier, Wolfgang, additional, Malhotra, Anil K., additional, Mane, Shrikant M., additional, Martin, Christa L., additional, Martin, Nicholas G., additional, Mattheisen, Manuel, additional, Matthews, Keith, additional, Mattingsdal, Morten, additional, McCarroll, Steven A., additional, McGhee, Kevin A., additional, McGough, James J., additional, McGrath, Patrick J., additional, McGuffin, Peter, additional, McInnis, Melvin G., additional, McIntosh, Andrew, additional, McKinney, Rebecca, additional, McLean, Alan W., additional, McMahon, Francis J., additional, McMahon, William M., additional, McQuillin, Andrew, additional, Medeiros, Helena, additional, Medland, Sarah E., additional, Meier, Sandra, additional, Melle, Ingrid, additional, Meng, Fan, additional, Meyer, Jobst, additional, Middeldorp, Christel M., additional, Middleton, Lefkos, additional, Milanova, Vihra, additional, Miranda, Ana, additional, Monaco, Anthony P., additional, Montgomery, Grant W., additional, Moran, Jennifer L., additional, Moreno-De-Luca, Daniel, additional, Morken, Gunnar, additional, Morris, Derek W., additional, Morrow, Eric M., additional, Moskvina, Valentina, additional, Mowry, Bryan J., additional, Muglia, Pierandrea, additional, Mühleisen, Thomas W., additional, Müller-Myhsok, Bertram, additional, Murtha, Michael, additional, Myers, Richard M., additional, Myin-Germeys, Inez, additional, Neale, Benjamin M., additional, Nelson, Stan F., additional, Nievergelt, Caroline M., additional, Nikolov, Ivan, additional, Nimgaonkar, Vishwajit, additional, Nolen, Willem A., additional, Nöthen, Markus M., additional, Nurnberger, John I., additional, Nwulia, Evaristus A., additional, Nyholt, Dale R., additional, O’Donovan, Michael C., additional, O’Dushlaine, Colm, additional, Oades, Robert D., additional, Olincy, Ann, additional, Oliveira, Guiomar, additional, Olsen, Line, additional, Ophoff, Roel A., additional, Osby, Urban, additional, Owen, Michael J., additional, Palotie, Aarno, additional, Parr, Jeremy R., additional, Paterson, Andrew D., additional, Pato, Carlos N., additional, Pato, Michele T., additional, Penninx, Brenda W., additional, Pergadia, Michele L., additional, Pericak-Vance, Margaret A., additional, Perlis, Roy H., additional, Pickard, Benjamin S., additional, Pimm, Jonathan, additional, Piven, Joseph, additional, Posthuma, Danielle, additional, Potash, James B., additional, Poustka, Fritz, additional, Propping, Peter, additional, Purcell, Shaun M., additional, Puri, Vinay, additional, Quested, Digby J., additional, Quinn, Emma M., additional, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, additional, Rasmussen, Henrik B., additional, Raychaudhuri, Soumya, additional, Rehnström, Karola, additional, Reif, Andreas, additional, Ribasés, Marta, additional, Rice, John P., additional, Rietschel, Marcella, additional, Roeder, Kathryn, additional, Roeyers, Herbert, additional, Rossin, Lizzy, additional, Rothenberger, Aribert, additional, Rouleau, Guy, additional, Ruderfer, Douglas, additional, Rujescu, Dan, additional, Sanders, Alan R., additional, Sanders, Stephan J., additional, Santangelo, Susan L., additional, Schachar, Russell, additional, Schalling, Martin, additional, Schatzberg, Alan F., additional, Scheftner, William A., additional, Schellenberg, Gerard D., additional, Scherer, Stephen W., additional, Schork, Nicholas J., additional, Schulze, Thomas G., additional, Schumacher, Johannes, additional, Schwarz, Markus, additional, Scolnick, Edward, additional, Scott, Laura J., additional, Sergeant, Joseph A., additional, Shilling, Paul D., additional, Shyn, Stanley I., additional, Silverman, Jeremy M., additional, Sklar, Pamela, additional, Slager, Susan L., additional, Smalley, Susan L., additional, Smit, Johannes H., additional, Smith, Erin N., additional, Smoller, Jordan W., additional, Sonuga-Barke, Edmund J.S., additional, St Clair, David, additional, State, Matthew, additional, Steffens, Michael, additional, Steinhausen, Hans-Christoph, additional, Strauss, John S., additional, Strohmaier, Jana, additional, Stroup, T. Scott, additional, Sullivan, Patrick F., additional, Sutcliffe, James, additional, Szatmari, Peter, additional, Szelinger, Szabocls, additional, Thapar, Anita, additional, Thirumalai, Srinivasa, additional, Thompson, Robert C., additional, Todorov, Alexandre A., additional, Tozzi, Federica, additional, Treutlein, Jens, additional, Tzeng, Jung-Ying, additional, Uhr, Manfred, additional, van den Oord, Edwin J.C.G., additional, Van Grootheest, Gerard, additional, Van Os, Jim, additional, Vicente, Astrid M., additional, Vieland, Veronica J., additional, Vincent, John B., additional, Visscher, Peter M., additional, Walsh, Christopher A., additional, Wassink, Thomas H., additional, Watson, Stanley J., additional, Weiss, Lauren A., additional, Weissman, Myrna M., additional, Werge, Thomas, additional, Wienker, Thomas F., additional, Wiersma, Durk, additional, Wijsman, Ellen M., additional, Willemsen, Gonneke, additional, Williams, Nigel, additional, Willsey, A. Jeremy, additional, Witt, Stephanie H., additional, Wray, Naomi R., additional, Xu, Wei, additional, Young, Allan H., additional, Yu, Timothy W., additional, Zammit, Stanley, additional, Zandi, Peter P., additional, Zhang, Peng, additional, Zitman, Frans G., additional, and Zöllner, Sebastian, additional

Published
2015
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193. Copy number variation in obsessive-compulsive disorder and tourette syndrome: a cross-disorder study

Author

Leerstoel Hout, Sub String Theory Cosmology and ElemPart, Experimental psychopathology, McGrath, Lauren M, Yu, Dongmei, Marshall, Christian, Davis, Lea K, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Li, Bingbin, Cappi, Carolina, Gerber, Gloria, Wolf, Aaron, Schroeder, Frederick A, Osiecki, Lisa, O'Dushlaine, Colm, Kirby, Andrew, Illmann, Cornelia, Haddad, Stephen, Gallagher, Patience, Fagerness, Jesen A, Barr, Cathy L, Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Black, Donald W, Bloch, Michael H, Bruun, Ruth D, Budman, Cathy L, Camarena, Beatriz, Cath, Danielle C, Cavallini, Maria C, Chouinard, Sylvain, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M, Dion, Yves, Rosário, Maria C, Eapen, Valsama, Evans, Patrick, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Grabe, Hans J, Grados, Marco A, Greenberg, Benjamin D, Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Heiman, Gary A, Hemmings, Sian M J, Herrera, Luis D, Hounie, Ana G, Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L, King, Robert A, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F, Lennertz, Leonhard, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L, Lyon, Gholson J, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, McCracken, James T, McMahon, William, Murphy, Dennis L, Naarden, Allan L, Neale, Benjamin M, Nurmi, Erika, Pakstis, Andrew J, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Reus, Victor I, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark, Robertson, Mary M, Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sampaio, Aline S, Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S, Smit, Jan H, Stein, Dan J, Tischfield, Jay A, Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendland, Jens R, Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C, Nicolini, Humberto, Oostra, Ben A, Moessner, Rainald, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Heutink, Peter, Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson, Petryshen, Tracey, Posthuma, Danielle, Jenike, Michael A, Cox, Nancy J, Hanna, Gregory L, Brentani, Helena, Scherer, Stephen W, Arnold, Paul D, Stewart, S Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A, Knowles, James A, Cook, Edwin H, Pauls, David L, Wang, Kai, Scharf, Jeremiah M, Leerstoel Hout, Sub String Theory Cosmology and ElemPart, Experimental psychopathology, McGrath, Lauren M, Yu, Dongmei, Marshall, Christian, Davis, Lea K, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Li, Bingbin, Cappi, Carolina, Gerber, Gloria, Wolf, Aaron, Schroeder, Frederick A, Osiecki, Lisa, O'Dushlaine, Colm, Kirby, Andrew, Illmann, Cornelia, Haddad, Stephen, Gallagher, Patience, Fagerness, Jesen A, Barr, Cathy L, Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Black, Donald W, Bloch, Michael H, Bruun, Ruth D, Budman, Cathy L, Camarena, Beatriz, Cath, Danielle C, Cavallini, Maria C, Chouinard, Sylvain, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M, Dion, Yves, Rosário, Maria C, Eapen, Valsama, Evans, Patrick, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Grabe, Hans J, Grados, Marco A, Greenberg, Benjamin D, Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Heiman, Gary A, Hemmings, Sian M J, Herrera, Luis D, Hounie, Ana G, Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L, King, Robert A, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F, Lennertz, Leonhard, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L, Lyon, Gholson J, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, McCracken, James T, McMahon, William, Murphy, Dennis L, Naarden, Allan L, Neale, Benjamin M, Nurmi, Erika, Pakstis, Andrew J, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Reus, Victor I, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark, Robertson, Mary M, Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sampaio, Aline S, Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S, Smit, Jan H, Stein, Dan J, Tischfield, Jay A, Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendland, Jens R, Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C, Nicolini, Humberto, Oostra, Ben A, Moessner, Rainald, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Heutink, Peter, Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson, Petryshen, Tracey, Posthuma, Danielle, Jenike, Michael A, Cox, Nancy J, Hanna, Gregory L, Brentani, Helena, Scherer, Stephen W, Arnold, Paul D, Stewart, S Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A, Knowles, James A, Cook, Edwin H, Pauls, David L, Wang, Kai, and Scharf, Jeremiah M

Published
2014

194. Copy number variation in obsessive-compulsive disorder and tourette syndrome: a cross-disorder study

Author

McGrath, Lauren M, Yu, Dongmei, Marshall, Christian, Davis, Lea K, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Li, Bingbin, Cappi, Carolina, Gerber, Gloria, Wolf, Aaron, Schroeder, Frederick A, Osiecki, Lisa, O'Dushlaine, Colm, Kirby, Andrew, Illmann, Cornelia, Haddad, Stephen, Gallagher, Patience, Fagerness, Jesen A, Barr, Cathy L, Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Black, Donald W, Bloch, Michael H, Bruun, Ruth D, Budman, Cathy L, Camarena, Beatriz, Cath, Danielle C, Cavallini, Maria C, Chouinard, Sylvain, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Delorme, Richard, Denys, D., Derks, Eske M, Dion, Yves, Rosário, Maria C, Eapen, Valsama, Evans, Patrick, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Grabe, Hans J, Grados, Marco A, Greenberg, Benjamin D, Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Heiman, Gary A, Hemmings, Sian M J, Herrera, Luis D, Hounie, Ana G, Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L, King, Robert A, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F, Lennertz, Leonhard, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L, Lyon, Gholson J, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, McCracken, James T, McMahon, William, Murphy, Dennis L, Naarden, Allan L, Neale, Benjamin M, Nurmi, Erika, Pakstis, Andrew J, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Reus, Victor I, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark, Robertson, Mary M, Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sampaio, Aline S, Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S, Smit, Jan H, Stein, Dan J, Tischfield, Jay A, Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendland, Jens R, Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C, Nicolini, Humberto, Oostra, Ben A, Moessner, Rainald, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Heutink, Peter, Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson, Petryshen, Tracey, Posthuma, Danielle, Jenike, Michael A, Cox, Nancy J, Hanna, Gregory L, Brentani, Helena, Scherer, Stephen W, Arnold, Paul D, Stewart, S Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A, Knowles, James A, Cook, Edwin H, Pauls, David L, Wang, Kai, Scharf, Jeremiah M, McGrath, Lauren M, Yu, Dongmei, Marshall, Christian, Davis, Lea K, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Li, Bingbin, Cappi, Carolina, Gerber, Gloria, Wolf, Aaron, Schroeder, Frederick A, Osiecki, Lisa, O'Dushlaine, Colm, Kirby, Andrew, Illmann, Cornelia, Haddad, Stephen, Gallagher, Patience, Fagerness, Jesen A, Barr, Cathy L, Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Bienvenu, O Joseph, Black, Donald W, Bloch, Michael H, Bruun, Ruth D, Budman, Cathy L, Camarena, Beatriz, Cath, Danielle C, Cavallini, Maria C, Chouinard, Sylvain, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Delorme, Richard, Denys, D., Derks, Eske M, Dion, Yves, Rosário, Maria C, Eapen, Valsama, Evans, Patrick, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V, Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Grabe, Hans J, Grados, Marco A, Greenberg, Benjamin D, Gross-Tsur, Varda, Grünblatt, Edna, Heiman, Gary A, Hemmings, Sian M J, Herrera, Luis D, Hounie, Ana G, Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L, King, Robert A, Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F, Lennertz, Leonhard, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L, Lyon, Gholson J, Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, McCracken, James T, McMahon, William, Murphy, Dennis L, Naarden, Allan L, Neale, Benjamin M, Nurmi, Erika, Pakstis, Andrew J, Pato, Michele T, Pato, Carlos N, Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Reus, Victor I, Richter, Margaret A, Riddle, Mark, Robertson, Mary M, Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A, Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sampaio, Aline S, Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S, Smit, Jan H, Stein, Dan J, Tischfield, Jay A, Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendland, Jens R, Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C, Nicolini, Humberto, Oostra, Ben A, Moessner, Rainald, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Heutink, Peter, Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson, Petryshen, Tracey, Posthuma, Danielle, Jenike, Michael A, Cox, Nancy J, Hanna, Gregory L, Brentani, Helena, Scherer, Stephen W, Arnold, Paul D, Stewart, S Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A, Knowles, James A, Cook, Edwin H, Pauls, David L, Wang, Kai, and Scharf, Jeremiah M

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) are heritable neurodevelopmental disorders with a partially shared genetic etiology. This study represents the first genome-wide investigation of large (>500 kb), rare (<1%) copy number variants (CNVs) in OCD and the largest genome-wide CNV analysis in TS to date.METHOD: The primary analyses used a cross-disorder design for 2,699 case patients (1,613 ascertained for OCD, 1,086 ascertained for TS) and 1,789 controls. Parental data facilitated a de novo analysis in 348 OCD trios.RESULTS: Although no global CNV burden was detected in the cross-disorder analysis or in secondary, disease-specific analyses, there was a 3.3-fold increased burden of large deletions previously associated with other neurodevelopmental disorders (p = .09). Half of these neurodevelopmental deletions were located in a single locus, 16p13.11 (5 case patient deletions: 0 control deletions, p = .08 in the current study, p = .025 compared to published controls). Three 16p13.11 deletions were confirmed de novo, providing further support for the etiological significance of this region. The overall OCD de novo rate was 1.4%, which is intermediate between published rates in controls (0.7%) and in individuals with autism or schizophrenia (2-4%).CONCLUSION: Several converging lines of evidence implicate 16p13.11 deletions in OCD, with weaker evidence for a role in TS. The trend toward increased overall neurodevelopmental CNV burden in TS and OCD suggests that deletions previously associated with other neurodevelopmental disorders may also contribute to these phenotypes.

Published
2014

195. Modest impact on risk for autism spectrum disorder of rare copy number variants at 15q11.2, specifically breakpoints 1 to 2.

Author

Chaste, Pauline, Chaste, Pauline, Sanders, Stephan J, Mohan, Kommu N, Klei, Lambertus, Song, Youeun, Murtha, Michael T, Hus, Vanessa, Lowe, Jennifer K, Willsey, A Jeremy, Moreno-De-Luca, Daniel, Yu, Timothy W, Fombonne, Eric, Geschwind, Daniel, Grice, Dorothy E, Ledbetter, David H, Lord, Catherine, Mane, Shrikant M, Martin, Donna M, Morrow, Eric M, Walsh, Christopher A, Sutcliffe, James S, State, Matthew W, Martin, Christa Lese, Devlin, Bernie, Beaudet, Arthur L, Cook, Edwin H, Kim, Soo-Jeong, Chaste, Pauline, Chaste, Pauline, Sanders, Stephan J, Mohan, Kommu N, Klei, Lambertus, Song, Youeun, Murtha, Michael T, Hus, Vanessa, Lowe, Jennifer K, Willsey, A Jeremy, Moreno-De-Luca, Daniel, Yu, Timothy W, Fombonne, Eric, Geschwind, Daniel, Grice, Dorothy E, Ledbetter, David H, Lord, Catherine, Mane, Shrikant M, Martin, Donna M, Morrow, Eric M, Walsh, Christopher A, Sutcliffe, James S, State, Matthew W, Martin, Christa Lese, Devlin, Bernie, Beaudet, Arthur L, Cook, Edwin H, and Kim, Soo-Jeong

Abstract

The proximal region of chromosome 15 is one of the genomic hotspots for copy number variants (CNVs). Among the rearrangements observed in this region, CNVs from the interval between the common breakpoints 1 and 2 (BP1 and BP2) have been reported cosegregating with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Although evidence supporting an association between BP1-BP2 CNVs and autism accumulates, the magnitude of the effect of BP1-BP2 CNVs remains elusive, posing a great challenge to recurrence-risk counseling. To gain further insight into their pathogenicity for ASD, we estimated the penetrance of the BP1-BP2 CNVs for ASD as well as their effects on ASD-related phenotypes in a well-characterized ASD sample (n = 2525 families). Transmission disequilibrium test revealed significant preferential transmission only for the duplicated chromosome in probands (20T:9NT). The penetrance of the BP1-BP2 CNVs for ASD was low, conferring additional risks of 0.3% (deletion) and 0.8% (duplication). Stepwise regression analyses suggest a greater effect of the CNVs on ASD-related phenotype in males and when maternally inherited. Taken together, the results are consistent with BP1-BP2 CNVs as risk factors for autism. However, their effect is modest, more akin to that seen for common variants. To be consistent with the current American College of Medical Genetics guidelines for interpretation of postnatal CNV, the BP1-BP2 deletion and duplication CNVs would probably best be classified as variants of uncertain significance (VOUS): they appear to have an impact on risk, but one so modest that these CNVs do not merit pathogenic status.

Published
2014

196. The Autism Simplex Collection: an international, expertly phenotyped autism sample for genetic and phenotypic analyses.

Author

Buxbaum, Joseph D, Buxbaum, Joseph D, Bolshakova, Nadia, Brownfeld, Jessica M, Anney, Richard Jl, Bender, Patrick, Bernier, Raphael, Cook, Edwin H, Coon, Hilary, Cuccaro, Michael, Freitag, Christine M, Hallmayer, Joachim, Geschwind, Daniel, Klauck, Sabine M, Nurnberger, John I, Oliveira, Guiomar, Pinto, Dalila, Poustka, Fritz, Scherer, Stephen W, Shih, Andy, Sutcliffe, James S, Szatmari, Peter, Vicente, Astrid M, Vieland, Veronica, Gallagher, Louise, Buxbaum, Joseph D, Buxbaum, Joseph D, Bolshakova, Nadia, Brownfeld, Jessica M, Anney, Richard Jl, Bender, Patrick, Bernier, Raphael, Cook, Edwin H, Coon, Hilary, Cuccaro, Michael, Freitag, Christine M, Hallmayer, Joachim, Geschwind, Daniel, Klauck, Sabine M, Nurnberger, John I, Oliveira, Guiomar, Pinto, Dalila, Poustka, Fritz, Scherer, Stephen W, Shih, Andy, Sutcliffe, James S, Szatmari, Peter, Vicente, Astrid M, Vieland, Veronica, and Gallagher, Louise

Abstract

BackgroundThere is an urgent need for expanding and enhancing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) samples, in order to better understand causes of ASD.MethodsIn a unique public-private partnership, 13 sites with extensive experience in both the assessment and diagnosis of ASD embarked on an ambitious, 2-year program to collect samples for genetic and phenotypic research and begin analyses on these samples. The program was called The Autism Simplex Collection (TASC). TASC sample collection began in 2008 and was completed in 2010, and included nine sites from North America and four sites from Western Europe, as well as a centralized Data Coordinating Center.ResultsOver 1,700 trios are part of this collection, with DNA from transformed cells now available through the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R) and Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule-Generic (ADOS-G) measures are available for all probands, as are standardized IQ measures, Vineland Adaptive Behavioral Scales (VABS), the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT), and physical measures (height, weight, and head circumference). At almost every site, additional phenotypic measures were collected, including the Broad Autism Phenotype Questionnaire (BAPQ) and Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised (RBS-R), as well as the non-word repetition scale, Communication Checklist (Children's or Adult), and Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC). Moreover, for nearly 1,000 trios, the Autism Genome Project Consortium (AGP) has carried out Illumina 1 M SNP genotyping and called copy number variation (CNV) in the samples, with data being made available through the National Institutes of Health (NIH). Whole exome sequencing (WES) has been carried out in over 500 probands, together with ancestry matched controls, and this data is also available through the NIH. Additional WES is being carried out by the Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC), where the focus i

Published
2014

197. Measuring anxiety as a treatment endpoint in youth with autism spectrum disorder.

Author

Lecavalier, Luc, Lecavalier, Luc, Wood, Jeffrey J, Halladay, Alycia K, Jones, Nancy E, Aman, Michael G, Cook, Edwin H, Handen, Benjamin L, King, Bryan H, Pearson, Deborah A, Hallett, Victoria, Sullivan, Katherine Anne, Grondhuis, Sabrina, Bishop, Somer L, Horrigan, Joseph P, Dawson, Geraldine, Scahill, Lawrence, Lecavalier, Luc, Lecavalier, Luc, Wood, Jeffrey J, Halladay, Alycia K, Jones, Nancy E, Aman, Michael G, Cook, Edwin H, Handen, Benjamin L, King, Bryan H, Pearson, Deborah A, Hallett, Victoria, Sullivan, Katherine Anne, Grondhuis, Sabrina, Bishop, Somer L, Horrigan, Joseph P, Dawson, Geraldine, and Scahill, Lawrence

Abstract

Despite the high rate of anxiety in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), measuring anxiety in ASD is fraught with uncertainty. This is due, in part, to incomplete consensus on the manifestations of anxiety in this population. Autism Speaks assembled a panel of experts to conduct a systematic review of available measures for anxiety in youth with ASD. To complete the review, the panel held monthly conference calls and two face-to-face meetings over a fourteen-month period. Thirty eight published studies were reviewed and ten assessment measures were examined: four were deemed appropriate for use in clinical trials, although with conditions; three were judged to be potentially appropriate, while three were considered not useful for clinical trials assessing anxiety. Despite recent advances, additional relevant, reliable and valid outcome measures are needed to evaluate treatments for anxiety in ASD.

Published
2014

198. Training of child and adolescent psychiatry fellows in autism and intellectual disability.

Author

Marrus, Natasha, Marrus, Natasha, Veenstra-Vanderweele, Jeremy, Hellings, Jessica A, Stigler, Kimberly A, Szymanski, Ludwik, King, Bryan H, Carlisle, L Lee, Cook, Edwin H, American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Autism and Intellectual Disability Committee, Pruett, John R, Marrus, Natasha, Marrus, Natasha, Veenstra-Vanderweele, Jeremy, Hellings, Jessica A, Stigler, Kimberly A, Szymanski, Ludwik, King, Bryan H, Carlisle, L Lee, Cook, Edwin H, American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry (AACAP) Autism and Intellectual Disability Committee, and Pruett, John R

Abstract

Patients with autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability can be clinically complex and often have limited access to psychiatric care. Because little is known about post-graduate clinical education in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, we surveyed training directors of child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship programs. On average, child and adolescent psychiatry directors reported lectures of 3 and 4 h per year in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, respectively. Training directors commonly reported that trainees see 1-5 patients with autism spectrum disorder or intellectual disability per year for outpatient pharmacological management and inpatient treatment. Overall, 43% of directors endorsed the need for additional resources for training in autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability, which, coupled with low didactic and clinical exposure, suggests that current training is inadequate.

Published
2014

199. Copy Number Variation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Tourette Syndrome: A Cross-Disorder Study

Author

McGrath, Lauren M., Yu, Dongmei, Marshall, Christian, Davis, Lea K., Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Li, Bingbin, Cappi, Carolina, Gerber, Gloria, Wolf, Aaron, Schroeder, Frederick A., Osiecki, Lisa, O'Dushlaine, Colm, Kirby, Andrew, Illmann, Cornelia, Haddad, Stephen, Gallagher, Patience, Fagerness, Jesen A., Barr, Cathy L., Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Bienvenu, O. Joseph, Black, Donald W., Bloch, Michael H., Bruun, Ruth D., Budman, Cathy L., Camarena, Beatriz, Cath, Danielle C., Cavallini, Maria C., Chouinard, Sylvain, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M., Dion, Yves, Rosario, Maria C., Eapen, Valsama, Evans, Patrick, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V., Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Grabe, Hans J., Grados, Marco A., Greenberg, Benjamin D., Gross-Tsur, Varda, Gruenblatt, Edna, Heiman, Gary A., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Herrera, Luis D., Hounie, Ana G., Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L., King, Robert A., Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F., Lennertz, Leonhard, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L., Lyon, Gholson J., Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, McCracken, James T., McMahon, William, Murphy, Dennis L., Naarden, Allan L., Neale, Benjamin M., Nurmi, Erika, Pakstis, Andrew J., Pato, Michele T., Pato, Carlos N., Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Reus, Victor I., Richter, Margaret A., Riddle, Mark, Robertson, Mary M., Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A., Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sampaio, Aline S., Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S., Smit, Jan H., Stein, Dan J., Tischrield, Jay A., Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendfand, Jens R., Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C., Nicolini, Humberto, Oostra, Ben A., Moessner, Rainald, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Heutink, Peter, Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson, Petryshen, Tracey, Posthuma, Danielle, Jenike, Michael A., Cox, Nancy J., Hanna, Gregory L., Brentani, Helena, Scherer, Stephen W., Arnold, Paul D., Stewart, S. Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A., Knowles, James A., Cook, Edwin H., Pauls, David L., Wang, Kai, Scharf, Jeremiah M., McGrath, Lauren M., Yu, Dongmei, Marshall, Christian, Davis, Lea K., Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Li, Bingbin, Cappi, Carolina, Gerber, Gloria, Wolf, Aaron, Schroeder, Frederick A., Osiecki, Lisa, O'Dushlaine, Colm, Kirby, Andrew, Illmann, Cornelia, Haddad, Stephen, Gallagher, Patience, Fagerness, Jesen A., Barr, Cathy L., Bellodi, Laura, Benarroch, Fortu, Bienvenu, O. Joseph, Black, Donald W., Bloch, Michael H., Bruun, Ruth D., Budman, Cathy L., Camarena, Beatriz, Cath, Danielle C., Cavallini, Maria C., Chouinard, Sylvain, Coric, Vladimir, Cullen, Bernadette, Delorme, Richard, Denys, Damiaan, Derks, Eske M., Dion, Yves, Rosario, Maria C., Eapen, Valsama, Evans, Patrick, Falkai, Peter, Fernandez, Thomas V., Garrido, Helena, Geller, Daniel, Grabe, Hans J., Grados, Marco A., Greenberg, Benjamin D., Gross-Tsur, Varda, Gruenblatt, Edna, Heiman, Gary A., Hemmings, Sian M. J., Herrera, Luis D., Hounie, Ana G., Jankovic, Joseph, Kennedy, James L., King, Robert A., Kurlan, Roger, Lanzagorta, Nuria, Leboyer, Marion, Leckman, James F., Lennertz, Leonhard, Lochner, Christine, Lowe, Thomas L., Lyon, Gholson J., Macciardi, Fabio, Maier, Wolfgang, McCracken, James T., McMahon, William, Murphy, Dennis L., Naarden, Allan L., Neale, Benjamin M., Nurmi, Erika, Pakstis, Andrew J., Pato, Michele T., Pato, Carlos N., Piacentini, John, Pittenger, Christopher, Pollak, Yehuda, Reus, Victor I., Richter, Margaret A., Riddle, Mark, Robertson, Mary M., Rosenberg, David, Rouleau, Guy A., Ruhrmann, Stephan, Sampaio, Aline S., Samuels, Jack, Sandor, Paul, Sheppard, Brooke, Singer, Harvey S., Smit, Jan H., Stein, Dan J., Tischrield, Jay A., Vallada, Homero, Veenstra-VanderWeele, Jeremy, Walitza, Susanne, Wang, Ying, Wendfand, Jens R., Shugart, Yin Yao, Miguel, Euripedes C., Nicolini, Humberto, Oostra, Ben A., Moessner, Rainald, Wagner, Michael, Ruiz-Linares, Andres, Heutink, Peter, Nestadt, Gerald, Freimer, Nelson, Petryshen, Tracey, Posthuma, Danielle, Jenike, Michael A., Cox, Nancy J., Hanna, Gregory L., Brentani, Helena, Scherer, Stephen W., Arnold, Paul D., Stewart, S. Evelyn, Mathews, Carol A., Knowles, James A., Cook, Edwin H., Pauls, David L., Wang, Kai, and Scharf, Jeremiah M.

Abstract

Objective: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS) are heritable neurodevelopmental disorders with a partially shared genetic etiology. This study represents the first genome-wide investigation of large (>500 kb), rare (<1%) copy number variants (CNVs) in OCD and the largest genome-wide CNV analysis in TS to date. Method: The primary analyses used a cross-disorder design for 2,699 case patients (1,613 ascertained for OCD, 1,086 ascertained for TS) and 1,789 controls. Parental data facilitated a de novo analysis in 348 OCD trios. Results: Although no global CNV burden was detected in the cross-disorder analysis or in secondary, disease-specific analyses, there was a 3.3-fold increased burden of large deletions previously associated with other neurodevelopmental disorders (p = .09). Half of these neurodevelopmental deletions were located in a single locus, 16p13.11 (5 case patient deletions: 0 control deletions, p = .08 in the current study, p = .025 compared to published controls). Three 16p13.11 deletions were confirmed de novo, providing further support for the etiological significance of this region. The overall OCD de novo rate was 1.4%, which is intermediate between published rates in controls (0.7%) and in individuals with autism or schizophrenia (2-4%). Conclusion: Several converging lines of evidence implicate 16p13.11 deletions in OCD, with weaker evidence for a role in TS. The trend toward increased overall neurodevelopmental CNV burden in TS and OCD suggests that deletions previously associated with other neurodevelopmental disorders may also contribute to these phenotypes.

Published
2014

200. Convergence of genes and cellular pathways dysregulated in autism spectrum disorders

Author

Pinto, Dalila, Delaby, Elsa, Merico, Daniele, Barbosa, Mafalda, Merikangas, Alison, Klei, Lambertus, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Xu, Xiao, Ziman, Robert, Wang, Zhuozhi, Vorstman, Jacob A. S., Thompson, Ann P., Regan, Regina, Pilorge, Marion, Pellecchia, Giovanna, Pagnamenta, Alistair T., Oliveira, Bárbara, Marshall, Christian R., Magalhães, Tiago R., Lowe, Jennifer K., Howe, Jennifer L., Griswold, Anthony J., Gilbert, John, Duketis, Eftichia, Dombroski, Beth A., Jonge, Maretha de, Cuccaro, Michael L., Crawford, Emily L., Correia, Catarina T., Conroy, Judith, Conceição, Inȇs C., Geburtig-Chiocchetti, Andreas, Casey, Jillian P., Cai, Guiqing, Cabrol, Christelle, Bolshakova, Nadia, Bacchelli, Elena, Anney, Richard, Gallinger, Steven, Cotterchio, Michelle, Casey, Graham, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Wittemeyer, Kerstin, Wing, Kirsty, Wallace, Simon, Engeland, Herman van, Tryfon, Ana, Thomson, Susanne, Soorya, Latha, Roge, Bernadette, Roberts, Wendy, Poustka, Fritz, Mouga, Susana, Minshew, Nancy J., McInnes, L. Alison, McGrew, Susan G., Lord, Catherine, Leboyer, Marion, Le Couteur, Ann, Kolevzon, Alexander, González, Patricia Jiménez, Jacob, Suma, Holt, Richard, Guter, Stephen J., Green, Jonathan, Green, Andrew, Gillberg, Christopher, Fernandez, Bridget A., Duque, Frederico, Delorme, Richard, Dawson, Geraldine, Chaste, Pauline, Café, Cátia, Brennan, Sean, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bolton, Patrick F., Bölte, Sven, Bernier, Raphael, Baird, Gillian, Bailey, Anthony J., Anagnostou, Evdokia, Almeida, Joana, Wijsman, Ellen M., Vieland, Veronica J., Vicente, Astrid M., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Pericak-Vance, Margaret Ann, Paterson, Andrew D., Parr, Jeremy R., Oliveira, Guiomar, Nurnberger, John I., Monaco, Anthony P., Maestrini, Elena, Klauck, Sabine M., Hakonarson, Hakon, Haines, Jonathan L., Geschwind, Daniel H., Freitag, Christine M., Folstein, Susan E., Ennis, Sean, Coon, Hilary, Battaglia, Agatino, Szatmari, Peter, Sutcliffe, James S., Hallmayer, Joachim, Gill, Michael, Cook, Edwin H., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Devlin, Bernie, Gallagher, Louise, Betancur, Catalina, Scherer, Stephen W., Pinto, Dalila, Delaby, Elsa, Merico, Daniele, Barbosa, Mafalda, Merikangas, Alison, Klei, Lambertus, Thiruvahindrapuram, Bhooma, Xu, Xiao, Ziman, Robert, Wang, Zhuozhi, Vorstman, Jacob A. S., Thompson, Ann P., Regan, Regina, Pilorge, Marion, Pellecchia, Giovanna, Pagnamenta, Alistair T., Oliveira, Bárbara, Marshall, Christian R., Magalhães, Tiago R., Lowe, Jennifer K., Howe, Jennifer L., Griswold, Anthony J., Gilbert, John, Duketis, Eftichia, Dombroski, Beth A., Jonge, Maretha de, Cuccaro, Michael L., Crawford, Emily L., Correia, Catarina T., Conroy, Judith, Conceição, Inȇs C., Geburtig-Chiocchetti, Andreas, Casey, Jillian P., Cai, Guiqing, Cabrol, Christelle, Bolshakova, Nadia, Bacchelli, Elena, Anney, Richard, Gallinger, Steven, Cotterchio, Michelle, Casey, Graham, Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie, Wittemeyer, Kerstin, Wing, Kirsty, Wallace, Simon, Engeland, Herman van, Tryfon, Ana, Thomson, Susanne, Soorya, Latha, Roge, Bernadette, Roberts, Wendy, Poustka, Fritz, Mouga, Susana, Minshew, Nancy J., McInnes, L. Alison, McGrew, Susan G., Lord, Catherine, Leboyer, Marion, Le Couteur, Ann, Kolevzon, Alexander, González, Patricia Jiménez, Jacob, Suma, Holt, Richard, Guter, Stephen J., Green, Jonathan, Green, Andrew, Gillberg, Christopher, Fernandez, Bridget A., Duque, Frederico, Delorme, Richard, Dawson, Geraldine, Chaste, Pauline, Café, Cátia, Brennan, Sean, Bourgeron, Thomas, Bolton, Patrick F., Bölte, Sven, Bernier, Raphael, Baird, Gillian, Bailey, Anthony J., Anagnostou, Evdokia, Almeida, Joana, Wijsman, Ellen M., Vieland, Veronica J., Vicente, Astrid M., Schellenberg, Gerard D., Pericak-Vance, Margaret Ann, Paterson, Andrew D., Parr, Jeremy R., Oliveira, Guiomar, Nurnberger, John I., Monaco, Anthony P., Maestrini, Elena, Klauck, Sabine M., Hakonarson, Hakon, Haines, Jonathan L., Geschwind, Daniel H., Freitag, Christine M., Folstein, Susan E., Ennis, Sean, Coon, Hilary, Battaglia, Agatino, Szatmari, Peter, Sutcliffe, James S., Hallmayer, Joachim, Gill, Michael, Cook, Edwin H., Buxbaum, Joseph D., Devlin, Bernie, Gallagher, Louise, Betancur, Catalina, and Scherer, Stephen W.

Abstract

Rare copy-number variation (CNV) is an important source of risk for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We analyzed 2,446 ASD-affected families and confirmed an excess of genic deletions and duplications in affected versus control groups (1.41-fold, p = 1.0 × 10(-5)) and an increase in affected subjects carrying exonic pathogenic CNVs overlapping known loci associated with dominant or X-linked ASD and intellectual disability (odds ratio = 12.62, p = 2.7 × 10(-15), ∼3% of ASD subjects). Pathogenic CNVs, often showing variable expressivity, included rare de novo and inherited events at 36 loci, implicating ASD-associated genes (CHD2, HDAC4, and GDI1) previously linked to other neurodevelopmental disorders, as well as other genes such as SETD5, MIR137, and HDAC9. Consistent with hypothesized gender-specific modulators, females with ASD were more likely to have highly penetrant CNVs (p = 0.017) and were also overrepresented among subjects with fragile X syndrome protein targets (p = 0.02). Genes affected by de novo CNVs and/or loss-of-function single-nucleotide variants converged on networks related to neuronal signaling and development, synapse function, and chromatin regulation.

Published
2014

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