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196 results on '"Coniferae"'

151. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

152. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

153. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

154. Correspondence : Brewer (William) and Engelmann (George), 1863-1880.

Author

Brewer, William Henry, 1828-1910, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Brewer, William Henry, 1828-1910

Subjects
(Albert), (Charles Christopher), (Charles Lewis), (Henry Nicholas), (Josiah Dwight), Abies, Agave, Anderson, Charles L, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Brewer, William Henry, Cactaceae, California, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Coniferae, Convolvulaceae, Correspondence, Cupressaceae, Cupressus macrocarpa, Cuscuta, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Engelmann, George, Ephedra, Ephedraceae, Fagaceae, Fungi, Gabb, William M, Geological Survey of California, Gray, Asa, Growth (Plants), Hillebrand, William, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Juniperus, Kellogg, A, Letters, Liliaceae, Loranthaceae, Nuphar, Nymphaeaceae, Oenothera, Onagraceae, Parry, C. C, Picea, Pinus, Plant ecology, Quercus, Receipts (Acknowledgments), Sequoia (Genus), Thurber, George, Utilization, Vitaceae, Vitis, Whitney, J. D, Yucca

155. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

156. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

157. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

158. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

159. Correspondence : Bolander (Henry) and Engelmann (George), 1863-1878.

Author

Bolander, Henry N. (Henry Nicholas), 1831-1897, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Bolander, Henry N. (Henry Nicholas), 1831-1897

Subjects
(Albert), (Charles Christopher), (Hans Herman), (Henry Nicholas), (Josiah Dwight), (Michael Schuck), Araceae, Bebb, M. S, Behr, H. H, Bolander, Henry N, Botanical specimens, Botanists, Braun, Alexander, Brewer, William Henry, Bryophyta, California, Callitrichaceae, Canby, William Marriott, Candolle, Alphonse de, Canfield, Colbert A, Catalogs, Chara, Characeae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Cupressaceae, Cyperaceae, Description and travel, East (U.S.), Engelmann, George, Europe, Gottsche, Karl Moritz, Gramineae, Gray, Asa, Guatemala, Hall, Elihu, Hillebrand, William, Isoetaceae, Juncaceae, Kellogg, A, Lenormand, Sébastien René, Letters, Liliaceae, Maps, Marsileaceae, Nymphaeaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Parry, C. C, Pinaceae, Plants, Ranunculaceae, Selaginellaceae, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Umbelliferae, Whitney, J. D, Yosemite Valley, Yucca

160. Correspondence : Bentham (George) and Engelmann (George), 1858-1879

Author

Bentham, George, 1800-1884, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Bentham, George, 1800-1884

Subjects
Araliaceae, Bentham, George, Botanical specimens, Candolle, Alphonse de, China, Classification, Coniferae, Correspondence, Engelmann, George, Hong Kong, Hooker, Joseph Dalton, Identification, Letters, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Santalaceae, Spruce, Richard, Wright, Charles

161. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

162. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

163. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

164. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

165. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

166. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

167. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

168. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

169. Correspondence : Gray (Asa) and Engelmann (George), 1841-1883

Author

Gray, Asa, 1810-1888, Missouri Botanical Garden, Peter H. Raven Library, and Gray, Asa, 1810-1888

Subjects
19th century, Abies, Agassiz, Louis, Araceae, Asclepiadaceae, Asclepias, Bigelow, John M, Bignoniaceae, Bolander, Henry N, Boott, William, Botanical specimens, Braun, Alexander, Brunet, Ovide, Buckley, S. B, Cactaceae, Callitrichaceae, Callitriche, Candolle, Alphonse de, Catalpa, Classification, Collection and preservation, Compositae, Coniferae, Correspondence, Darwin, Charles, Depressions, Description and travel, Eaton, Daniel Cady, Effect of environment on, Eggert, Henry, Emory, William H, Endlicher, Stephan, Engelmann, George J, Engelmann, George, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Euphorbiaceae, Europe, Fagaceae, Fendler, Augustus, Frémont, John Charles, German Emperor, Geyer, Karl Andreas, Goodale, George L, Gray Herbarium, Gray, Asa, Greene, Edward Lee, Gregg, Josiah, Hall, Elihu, Harvard University, Harvey, William H, Herbarium, Human beings, Human evolution, Identification, Isoetaceae, Isoetes, Juncaceae, Juncus, Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de, Kellogg, A, Law and legislation, Leavenworth, Melines Conklin, Lemna, Lemnaceae, Letters, Lincoln, Abraham, Lindley, John, Loranthaceae, Meyer, Ernst Heinrich Friedrich, Milkweeds, Missouri, Moquin-Tandon, Alfred, Mueller, Ferdinand von, National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), Nicollet, J. N, Nuphar, Nuttall, Thomas, Nymphaeaceae, Oakes, William, Olney, Stephen T, Orchidaceae, Parlatore, Filippo, Peck, Charles H, Pinaceae, Pinus, Planchon, Jules-Emile, Plants, Postal service, Pringle, Cyrus G, Quercus, Redfield, John Howard, Ringgold, Cadwalader, Rocky Mountain States, Rocky Mountains, Rothrock, Joseph T., Saint Louis (Mo.), Sargent, Charles Sprague, Seeds, Shaw, Henry, Smithsonian Institution, Solidago, Sprengel, Christian Konrad, Succulent plants, Texas, Thuret, Gustave, Torrey, John, Tuckerman, Edward, Tulasne, Louis-René, United States, United States Exploring Expedition, Vitaceae, Vitis, Vries, Hugo de, Watson, Sereno, William, Wine and wine making, Wislizenus, F. A, Wright, Charles

170. Latest Cretaceous leaf floras from southern Poland and western Ukraine.

Author

HALAMSKI, ADAM T.

Subjects
*FOSSIL plants, *FOSSIL angiosperms, *CONIFERS, *TAXONOMY, *CRETACEOUS paleontology
Abstract

Latest Cretaceous (Campanian to Maastrichtian) leaf fossil assemblages are described from 33 exposures ranging from the southern border of the Holy Cross Mountains (southern Poland) through the Roztocze region (south-eastern Poland) to the vicinity of L'viv (western Ukraine). The fossil assemblage is allochthonous, preserved in marine sediments, yet complete compound leaves strongly argue for the transport having been short. Krasnobród and Potelych (Potylicz) are the richest localities; both are late Campanian. The abundance of angiosperm remains in this period is explained by a marine low stand resulting in nearby emergent vegetated areas. The flora was composed of ferns (three species), conifers (five species, including the commonest Geinitzia reichenbachii), dicotyledons (seventeen taxa; Debeya paulinae sp. nov., two other species of Debeya, and Rarytkinia polonica being the most frequent), and a single presumed monocotyledon. The eudicot clade is formalised as supersubclass Eudicotyledoneae Doyle and Hotton ex Halamski, herein. The approximately equal abundance of serrate/lobate and entire-margined dicots attests to an intermediate character of the flora between more thermophilic and polar vegetation. The material may have come from at least two communities: xeromorphic mixed Debeya-conifer forests and platanoid-Lauraceae forests growing in disturbed environments along rivers. The assemblage is most similar to approximately coeval floras from Westphalia and the Netherlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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171. Volatile attractants for three Pteromalid parasitoids attacking concealed spruce bark beetles.

Author

Pettersson, Eva M.

Abstract

The odour perceptive abilities, and preferences, of three bark beetle parasitoid species; Rhopalicus tutela (Walker), Roptrocerus mirus (Walker), and Roptrocerus xylophagorum (Ratzeburg) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), were investigated to isolate and identify the essential compounds involved in host location. These parasitoids attack several economically important bark beetle species and oviposit preferentially on late larval stages concealed under the bark of conifers. Odours were collected from Norway spruce logs ( Picea abies L. Karst.) containing Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) larvae. Biologically active compounds were isolated by coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD), and identified by GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on these analyses, four different synthetic baits were prepared and tested in a Y-tube walking bioassay. In the complex odour samples from spruce logs, only 16 compounds were EAD-active. The tested R. tutela and R. mirus females displayed similar trends in antennal activity to EAD-active compounds, responding mainly to oxygenated monoterpenes that indicate damaged conifers. Consequently, the synthetic baits were exclusively prepared with oxygenated monoterpenes. Parasitoid females ( R. tutela and R. mirus) preferred spruce logs containing susceptible hosts over fresh logs, while male parasitoids ( R. mirus) did not show any preference. However, when odours from fresh logs were mixed with synthetic baits (mimicking the odour composition of logs containing susceptible hosts), these combinations attracted female parasitoids ( R. tutela, R. mirus, and R. xylophagorum). All synthetic baits seemed to be equally attractive to female parasitoids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2001
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172. The evolution of climate tolerance in conifer-feeding aphids in relation to their host's climatic niche

Author

Arnal, Pierre, Cœur d'Acier, Armelle, Favret, Colin, Godefroid, Martin, Qiao, Ge-Xia, Jousselin, Emmanuelle, Sanchez Meseguer, Andrea, Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations (UMR CBGP), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre international d'études supérieures en sciences agronomiques (Montpellier SupAgro)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Sud])-Institut national d’études supérieures agronomiques de Montpellier (Montpellier SupAgro), Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier (UMR ISEM), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226, French National Research Agency (ANR), ANR-10-LABX-25-01, European Project: 267194,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2010-COFUND,COFUND-CERN-2010(2011), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Université de Montréal [Montréal], and Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR226-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Animal biology, changement climatique, insect–plant interactions, phytophage, food and beverages, niche equivalency tests, niche evolution, phylogeny, phytophagous insects, coniferae, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, lcsh:QH540-549.5, Biologie animale, aphidae, lcsh:Ecology, insect-plant interactions, climate, Original Research
Abstract

Climate adaptation has major consequences in the evolution and ecology of all living organisms. Though phytophagous insects are an important component of Earth's biodiversity, there are few studies investigating the evolution of their climatic preferences. This lack of research is probably because their evolutionary ecology is thought to be primarily driven by their interactions with their host plants. Here, we use a robust phylogenetic framework and species‐level distribution data for the conifer‐feeding aphid genus Cinara to investigate the role of climatic adaptation in the diversity and distribution patterns of these host‐specialized insects. Insect climate niches were reconstructed at a macroevolutionary scale, highlighting that climate niche tolerance is evolutionarily labile, with closely related species exhibiting strong climatic disparities. This result may suggest repeated climate niche differentiation during the evolutionary diversification of Cinara. Alternatively, it may merely reflect the use of host plants that occur in disparate climatic zones, and thus, in reality the aphid species' fundamental climate niches may actually be similar but broad. Comparisons of the aphids' current climate niches with those of their hosts show that most Cinara species occupy the full range of the climatic tolerance exhibited by their set of host plants, corroborating the hypothesis that the observed disparity in Cinara species' climate niches can simply mirror that of their hosts. However, 29% of the studied species only occupy a subset of their hosts' climatic zone, suggesting that some aphid species do indeed have their own climatic limitations. Our results suggest that in host‐specialized phytophagous insects, host associations cannot always adequately describe insect niches and abiotic factors must be taken into account., In this study, we use a robust phylogenetic framework and a species‐level distribution data for the conifer‐feeding aphid genus Cinara to investigate the role of climatic adaptation in the diversity and distribution patterns of these host‐specialised insects. Our results suggest that in host‐specialized phytophagous insects, host associations cannot always adequately describe insect niches and abiotic factors must be taken into account.

Published
2019
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174. In-situ Raman microprobe studies of plant cell walls: Macromolecular organization and compositional variability in the secondary wall of Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.

Author

Agarwal, U. and Atalla, R.

Abstract

Native-state organization and distribution of cell-wall components in the secondary wall of woody tissue from P. mariana (Black Spruce) have been investigated using polarized Raman microspectroscopy. Evidence for orientation is detected through Raman intensity variations resulting from rotations of the exciting electric vector with respect to cell-wall geometry. Spectral features associated with cellulose and lignin were studied. The changes in cellulose bands indicate that the pyranose rings of the anhydroglucose repeat units are in planes perpendicular to the cross section, while methine C−H bonds are in planes parallel to the cross section. Changes in bands associated with lignin indicate that the aromatic rings of the phenyl-propane units are most often in the plane of the cell-wall surface. However, regions where lignin orientation departs from this pattern also occur. These results represent direct evidence of molecular organization with respect to cellular morphological features in woody tissue, and indicate that cell-wall components are more highly organized than had been recognized. Studies carried out in order to establish the usefulness and sensitivity of the Raman technique to differences of composition within the cell walls provide evidence of variations in the distribution of cellulose and lignin. Such compositional differences were more prominent between the walls of different cells than within a particular cell wall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1986
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175. A monograph of Agathis.

Author

Whitmore, T.

Abstract

This first study of the whole genus Agathis makes use of recent local revisions of the New Caledonian and Australian species which are all maintained. The male cone is shown to have most of the taxonomically useful variation, and this confirms the findings of two partial revisions centred on Indonesian species. Thirteen species are recognized, two of which have two subspecies. New Caledonia has five, and Australia three, sympatric species. Otherwise the species are allopatric except for a few populations of central Malesian A. dammara within the range of west Malesian A. borneensis. One of these montane populations is the distinctive A. dammara subsp. flavescens of Malaya, formerly a full species. Two groups and three individually distinctive species can be recognized on microsporophyll characters. The larger, group B, comprizes eight species, A. australis (New Zealand), A. corbassonii, A. lanceolata and A. montana (New Caledonia), A. macrophylla (Melanesian islands and including A. obtusa and A. vitiensis), A. atropurpurea (Australia), A. dammara (mainly central Malesia) and A. borneensis (west Malesia); both the last have long synonymies. The smaller species, group (A), comprizes A. microstachya (Australia) and A. labillardieri (west New Guinea and the Sepik basin). The individually distinctive species are A. moorei and A. ovata of New Caledonia and A. robusta of Australia with its new subspecies nesophila, described here, of eastern New Guinea and New Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1980
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177. Taxonomic and geographic variation of the Pinus mugo complex on chloroplast microsatellite markers

Author

Artur Dzialuk, Krystyna Boratyńska, Adam Boratyński, Àngel Romo, Institute of Dendrology (Poland), and Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Systematics, Coniferae, biology, Ecology, Biogeography, Plant Science, biology.organism_classification, Mountain plants, Pinaceae, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Phylogeography, Pinus mugo, Genetic structure, Microsatellite, Glacial period, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

16 p., tablas, figuras -- Contiene material suplementario -- Postprint del artículo publicado en Systematics and Biodiversity. Versión revisada y corregida, The high mountain plants of Central and Southern Europe survived the glacial periods in the same mountain ridges, but at lower altitudes and possibly covering larger areas than during interglacials. This implies a high level of species differentiation between isolated mountain ridges. Pinus mugo complex, which includes P. mugo s.s. (Alps, Sudetes, Carpathians, Dynaric Alps, and Rhodopes), P. uncinata (Pyrenees and Alps), and P. uliginosa (Sudetes and neighbouring mountain ridges) is a good group to examine such a scenario. We screened 44 populations across the geographic range of the complex, using 10 cpSSR markers to study (1) taxonomic relations among P. mugo s.s., P. uncinata, and P. uliginosa and (2) genetic and phylogeographic structure in P. mugo s.s. and P. uncinata. Allelic combinations of 87 size variants produced a total of 757 haplotypes. Haplotypic diversity was high and similar in every species (0.997, 0.986 and 0.991, respectively). The highest divergence between haplotypes was observed in P. uliginosa (= 10.29). The AMOVA revealed that most of the overall genetic variation is explained by the within-population component (FST = 0.121, RST = 0.206) and by the geography (FCT = 0.056, RCT = 0.083). The differentiation between P. mugo s.s., P. uncinata, and P. uliginosa is explained by about 5% (P, This work was supported by the Polish Ministry of Sciences [grant number 2P04C 018 29], [grant number 2P06L 04628], [grant number 6P04G 06016], [grant number NN303 360535]; Institute of Dendrology of Polish Academy of Sciences [statutory activity].

Published
2016

178. Low intra-tree variability in resistance to embolism in four Pinaceae species

Author

Steven Jansen, Sylvain Delzon, Régis Burlett, Pauline S. Bouche, Julia Cruz Sabalera, Hervé Cochard, Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés (BioGeCo), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Universität Ulm - Ulm University [Ulm, Allemagne], Laboratoire de Physique et Physiologie Intégratives de l'Arbre Fruitier et Forestier (PIAF), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), and ANR-10-EQPX-0016,XYLOFOREST,Plateforme d'Innovation ' Forêt-Bois-Fibre-Biomasse du Futur '(2010)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, arbre forestier, Plant growth, Range (biology), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Zoology, embolie, Biology, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, technique cavitron, Botany, medicine, conifers, intra-plant variability, embolism resistance, vulnerability segmentation hypothesis, torus-margo pits, Embolism resistance, Ecology, Resistance (ecology), Crown (botany), Xylem, Forestry, 15. Life on land, Torus-margo pits, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, Intra-plant variability, Conifers, 030104 developmental biology, coniferae, Embolism, Pinaceae, Vulnerability segmentation hypothesis, anatomie du xylème, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Key message Variability of embolism resistance within individual trees was assessed in four Pinaceae species by using a single method of measurement: the Cavitron. Contrary to what has been previously observed, our findings show a small variability in embolism resistance within and between organs. Indeed, we found (i) a lack of variability between branches within the crown, and (ii) that roots and trunks are either equally resistant or slightly more vulnerable to embolism than branches. This contradicts the vulnerability segmentation hypothesis proposed in the early 1990s. This paper also demonstrates that only few branches are necessary to determine the embolism resistance of a given tree.[br/] Context Embolism formation in xylem has an important impact on plant growth and survival. Since most studies on xylem embolism resistance focus on branches, it remains questionable how the entire plant deals with embolism across organs.[br/] Aims In this study, we aimed to evaluate the variability of embolism resistance within a given organ and between different organs within a single tree.[br/] Methods Based on the Cavitron method, we estimated the intra-organ and the intra-plant variability of embolism resistance for four Pinaceae species. In addition, we compared pit anatomical characters for wood of all organs and species.[br/] Results We found no variability of embolism resistance for a given organ within a tree. At the tree level, trunks and roots were either equally or more vulnerable to embolism than branches. For all species, organs that showed a similar range of embolism resistance presented similar torus-aperture overlap values. However, the least negative P 50 value for roots of Pinus pinaster was associated with the lowest torus-aperture overlap value.[br/] Conclusion Our findings suggest that P 50 values are constrained within a particular organ and that intra-tree variation in embolism resistance is less substantial than previously reported. Moreover, our data do not support the vulnerability segmentation hypothesis which suggests that distal organs are more vulnerable to xylem embolism.

Published
2016
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179. Taxonomic and geographic variation of the Pinus mugo complex on chloroplast microsatellite markers

Author

Institute of Dendrology (Poland), Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Dzialuk, Artur, Boratyńska, Krystyna, Romo, Àngel, Boratyński, Adam, Institute of Dendrology (Poland), Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland), Dzialuk, Artur, Boratyńska, Krystyna, Romo, Àngel, and Boratyński, Adam

Abstract

The high mountain plants of Central and Southern Europe survived the glacial periods in the same mountain ridges, but at lower altitudes and possibly covering larger areas than during interglacials. This implies a high level of species differentiation between isolated mountain ridges. Pinus mugo complex, which includes P. mugo s.s. (Alps, Sudetes, Carpathians, Dynaric Alps, and Rhodopes), P. uncinata (Pyrenees and Alps), and P. uliginosa (Sudetes and neighbouring mountain ridges) is a good group to examine such a scenario. We screened 44 populations across the geographic range of the complex, using 10 cpSSR markers to study (1) taxonomic relations among P. mugo s.s., P. uncinata, and P. uliginosa and (2) genetic and phylogeographic structure in P. mugo s.s. and P. uncinata. Allelic combinations of 87 size variants produced a total of 757 haplotypes. Haplotypic diversity was high and similar in every species (0.997, 0.986 and 0.991, respectively). The highest divergence between haplotypes was observed in P. uliginosa (= 10.29). The AMOVA revealed that most of the overall genetic variation is explained by the within-population component (FST = 0.121, RST = 0.206) and by the geography (FCT = 0.056, RCT = 0.083). The differentiation between P. mugo s.s., P. uncinata, and P. uliginosa is explained by about 5% (P<0.001) of the total variation. Vicariant gene pools for the complex were identified in the Pyrenees, the Alps with the Tatra Mts, the Sudetes, and the East and South Carpathians along with the Balkan Mountains. The phylogeographic structure was observed in P. mugo s.l., P. mugo s.s., and P. uncinata. Results support the separate taxonomic status of P. uncinata and P. mugo s.s. and possible hybrid origin of P. uliginosa.

Published
2016

180. Thrips pollination of Mesozoic gymnosperms

Author

Patricia Nel, Paul Tafforeau, Carmen Soriano, Xavier Delclòs, André Nel, Eduardo Barrón, Enrique Peñalver, Conrad C. Labandeira, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España (IGME), Departament d*Estratigrafia, Paleontologiai Geociències Marines, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), AgroParisTech, Origine, structure et évolution de la biodiversité (OSEB), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Coniferae, Pollination, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ginkgo, Insect, medicine.disease_cause, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, paleoecology, Host-Parasite Interactions, 03 medical and health sciences, Gymnosperm, Species Specificity, Pollinator, Pollen, Botany, medicine, Animals, 030304 developmental biology, media_common, 0303 health sciences, Mesozoico, Multidisciplinary, biology, Thrips, Thysanoptera, Paleontology, Seta, plant–insect interactions, Biological Sciences, plant-insect interactions, biology.organism_classification, Biological Evolution, Cycadopsida, Spain, paleoethology, coevolution, Female, Gymnospermae
Abstract

Within modern gymnosperms, conifers and Ginkgo are exclusively wind pollinated whereas many gnetaleans and cycads are insect pollinated. For cycads, thrips are specialized pollinators. We report such a specialized pollination mode from Early Cretaceous amber of Spain, wherein four female thrips representing a genus and two species in the family Melanthripidae were covered by abundant Cycadopites pollen grains. These females bear unique ring setaeinterpreted as specialized structures for pollen grain collection, functionally equivalent to the hook-tipped sensilla and plumose setae on the bodies of bees. The most parsimonious explanation for this structure is parental food provisioning for larvae, indicating subsociality. This association provides direct evidence of specialized collection and transportation of pollen grains and likely gymnosperm pollination by 110–105 million years ago, possibly considerably earlier, Museo Geominero, Instituto Geológico y Minero de España, España, Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Estados Unidos, Department of Entomology and Behavior, University of Maryland, Estados Unidos, Departament d’Estratigrafia, Paleontologia i Geociències Marines, Universitat de Barcelona, España, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Francia, Département d'Entomologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Francia, Département Sciences de la Vie et Santé, AgroParisTech, Francia, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Francia

Published
2012
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181. Aluminum in the opal silica reticule of phytoliths: a new tool in palaeoecological studies

Author

Brigitta Ammann, Adriana L. Carnelli, Jean-Paul Theurillat, and Marco Madella

Subjects
geography, Coniferae, geography.geographical_feature_category, Opal, biology, Bedrock, Alps, Gramineae, Plant Science, Woodland, Herbaceous plant, biology.organism_classification, ddc:580, Ericaceae, Botany, Genetics, Aluminium, Poaceae, Cyperaceae, X-ray microanalysis, Chemical composition, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene
Abstract

X-ray microanalysis was employed to screen biogenic plant silica extracted from the aboveground tissues of 20 species (Gramineae, Cyperaceae, Ericaceae, and Coniferae) occurring in subalpine and alpine grasslands, heaths, and woodlands on siliceous bedrock in the Valaisan Swiss Alps. Among the taxa investigated, only woody species produced a high proportion of phytoliths containing aluminum in the form of aluminosilicates. This difference between the chemical composition of wood and that of herbaceous phytoliths has important implications for the sourcing of phytoliths. As applications for palaeoenvironmental studies can be expected to be far-reaching, the potential of this microanalytical technique is discussed.

Published
2011

182. Thrips pollination of Mesozoic gymnosperms

Author

Peñalver Mollá, Enrique, Labandeira, Conrad C., Barrón López, Eduardo, Delclòs, Xavier, Nel, Patricia, Nel, André, Tafforeau, Patricia, Soriano, Carmen, Peñalver Mollá, Enrique, Labandeira, Conrad C., Barrón López, Eduardo, Delclòs, Xavier, Nel, Patricia, Nel, André, Tafforeau, Patricia, and Soriano, Carmen

Abstract

Within modern gymnosperms, conifers and Ginkgo are exclusively wind pollinated whereas many gnetaleans and cycads are insect pollinated. For cycads, thrips are specialized pollinators. We report such a specialized pollination mode from Early Cretaceous amber of Spain, wherein four female thrips representing a genus and two species in the family Melanthripidae were covered by abundant Cycadopites pollen grains. These females bear unique ring setaeinterpreted as specialized structures for pollen grain collection, functionally equivalent to the hook-tipped sensilla and plumose setae on the bodies of bees. The most parsimonious explanation for this structure is parental food provisioning for larvae, indicating subsociality. This association provides direct evidence of specialized collection and transportation of pollen grains and likely gymnosperm pollination by 110–105 million years ago, possibly considerably earlier

Published
2012

183. Thrips pollination of Mesozoic gymnosperms

Author

Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Peñalver Mollá, Enrique, Labandeira, Conrad C., Barrón López, Eduardo, Delclòs, Xavier, Nel, Patricia, Nel, André, Tafforeau, Patricia, Soriano, Carmen, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Peñalver Mollá, Enrique, Labandeira, Conrad C., Barrón López, Eduardo, Delclòs, Xavier, Nel, Patricia, Nel, André, Tafforeau, Patricia, and Soriano, Carmen

Abstract

Within modern gymnosperms, conifers and Ginkgo are exclusively wind pollinated whereas many gnetaleans and cycads are insect pollinated. For cycads, thrips are specialized pollinators. We report such a specialized pollination mode from Early Cretaceous amber of Spain, wherein four female thrips representing a genus and two species in the family Melanthripidae were covered by abundant Cycadopites pollen grains. These females bear unique ring setaeinterpreted as specialized structures for pollen grain collection, functionally equivalent to the hook-tipped sensilla and plumose setae on the bodies of bees. The most parsimonious explanation for this structure is parental food provisioning for larvae, indicating subsociality. This association provides direct evidence of specialized collection and transportation of pollen grains and likely gymnosperm pollination by 110–105 million years ago, possibly considerably earlier

Published
2012

184. Aluminum in the opal silica reticule of phytoliths: a new tool in palaeoecological studies

Author

Carnelli, A. L., Madella, M., Theurillat, J. P., and Ammann, B.

Subjects
INDICATORS, Coniferae, Alps, GRASSLAND DYNAMICS, Gramineae, 580 Plants (Botany), MAURIENNE-VALLEY, HIGHER-PLANTS, BIOGENIC OPAL, opal, aluminum, HISTORY, HOLOCENE, Ericaceae, Cyperaceae, TREELINE, X-ray microanalysis, ASSEMBLAGES, NORTH FRENCH ALPS
Abstract

X-ray microanalysis was employed to screen biogenic plant silica extracted from the aboveground tissues of 20 species (Grammeae Cyperaceae. Ericaceae, and Coniferae) occurring in subalpine and alpine grasslands, heaths, and woodlands on siliceous bedrock in Valaisan Swiss Alps. Among the taxa Investigated. only woody species produced a high proportion of phytoliths containing aluminum in the form of aluminosilicates This difference between the chemical composition of wood and that of herbaceous phytoliths has important implications for the sourcing, of phytoliths As applications for palaeoenvironmental Studies can be expected to he far-reaching, the potential of this microanalytical technique is discussed.

Published
2002
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191. Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae

Author

T. Weevers, J. Heimans, B.H. Danser, A.W. Kloos Jr., S.J. van Ooststroom, W.H. Wachter, T. Weevers, J. Heimans, B.H. Danser, A.W. Kloos Jr., S.J. van Ooststroom, and W.H. Wachter

Published
1948

192. Carpologia das coníferas

Author

Franco, João do Amaral

Subjects
Coniferae, coniferas
Abstract

Submitted by Margarida Galamba (galamba@isa.utl.pt) on 2019-01-15T15:30:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANAIS-V.XIII.p.105.PDF: 1618479 bytes, checksum: 17bbc6bf371b6ffc7208316721f8a3f2 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-01-15T15:30:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANAIS-V.XIII.p.105.PDF: 1618479 bytes, checksum: 17bbc6bf371b6ffc7208316721f8a3f2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1942 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Published
1942

193. Contribuciones a la palæophytologia argentina : III. Sobre la existencia de una dakota-flora en la Patagonia austro-occidental (cerro Guido, Gobernación de Santa Cruz)

Author

Kurtz, Federico

Subjects
Coniferæ, Polycarpicæ, Santa Cruz, Filters, Frangulinæ, Saxifraginæ, Cerro Guido, Amentaceæ, Ciencias Naturales, Fossil plants, Urticinæ, Plantas fósiles, Guido Hill, Filices
Abstract

Mi colega el señor don Rodolfo Hauthal, geólogo del Museo de La Plata, me mandó al fin del año próximo pasado, para determinarla, una colección de unas 320 muestras, reunidas por él en el sudoeste de la Gobernación de Santa Cruz, especialmente en el Cerro Guido (50° 53' Lat. S. y 72° 28' W. Greenw.). Sobre este descubrimiento publicó el señor Hauthal una breve nota en la «Zeitschrift der Deutschen geologischen Gesellschaft», y, para dar una idea de la posición topográfica y geológica de los puntos donde se hallaban las plantas fósiles, este señor me comunicó los datos siguientes: «El cuadro (sin escala) que sigue, en que hago completa abstracción de las rocas eruptivas y neo-volcánicas, dará una idea de la posición topográfica y geológica de los puntos donde se hallan las plantas. Como se ve, existen capas plantíferas en tres localidades, que pertenecen, por lo menos, á dos horizontes geológicos. El estudio definitivo de los fósiles no alterará su resultado principal; es decir, que las capas plantíferas del Cerro Guido pertenecen al Cenómano. Únicamente la edad de las capas más modernas se modificará, tal vez, un poco»., Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo

Published
1902

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