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151. Propaganda del odio contra los Rohingyas: estudio de caso de Facebook y Twitter

Author: Moreno Cantano, Antonio César and Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel
Subjects: Derecho internacional privado, Derechos humanos, Relaciones internacionales
Published: 2021

152. Impact of the MIC of piperacillin/tazobactam on the outcome for patients with bacteraemia due to Enterobacteriaceae: the Bacteraemia-MIC project

Author: Delgado-Valverde, Mercedes, Torres, Eva, Valiente-Mendez, Adoración, Almirante, Benito, Gómez-Zorrilla, Silvia, Borrell, Núria, Corzo, Juan E., Gurgui, Mercedes, Almela, Manuel, García-Álvarez, Lara, Fontecoba-Sánchez, María Cruz, Martínez-Martínez, Luis, Cantón, Rafael, Praena, Julia, Causse, Manuel, Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Belén, Roberts, Jason A., Farkas, Andras, Pascual, Álvaro, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, de Cueto, Marina, Planes Reig, Ana Maria, Quintano, Fe Tubau, Peña, Carmen, Otalora, M. Elvira Galán, de Alegría, Carlos Ruíz, Morosini, M. Isabel, Lepe, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Morey, Shawna, and Abdul-Aziz, Mohd-Hafiz
Published: 2016
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153. Uso prudente de antibióticos y propuestas de mejora desde la medicina hospitalaria

Author: Cisneros, José Miguel, Ortiz-Leyba, Carlos, Lepe, José Antonio, Obando, Ignacio, Conde, Manuel, Cayuela, Aurelio, and Gil, María Victoria
Published: 2010
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154. Effect of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on antibiotic use in primary care

Author: Peñalva, Germán, Benavente, Regina Sandra, Pérez-Moreno, María Antonia, Pérez-Pacheco, María Dolores, Pérez-Milena, Alejandro, Murcia, José, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Published: 2021
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155. Training in infectious diseases across Europe in 2021 – a survey on training delivery, content and assessment

Author: Brockhoff, Ronja A., primary, Hicks, Scott R., additional, Salmanton-García, Jon, additional, Dušek, Davorka, additional, Stahl, Jean-Paul, additional, Beeching, Nick J., additional, Cornely, Oliver A., additional, Ahl, Jonas, additional, Ambrozaitis, Arvydas, additional, Azap, Alpay, additional, Beović, Bojana, additional, Castelli, Francesco, additional, Cisneros, José Miguel, additional, Constantinou, Costas, additional, Van Delden, Christian, additional, De Barra, Eoghan, additional, De Munter, Paul, additional, Džupová, Olga, additional, Fätkenheuer, Gerd, additional, Flisiak, Robert, additional, Florescu, Simin Aysel, additional, Fsadni, Claudia, additional, Holmberg, Ville, additional, Jensen-Fangel, Søren, additional, Koehler, Philipp, additional, Kristjánsson, Már, additional, Lind, Andreas, additional, Michos, Athanasios, additional, Miller, Alastair, additional, Muller, Zsofia, additional, Oliveira, Joaquim, additional, Paul, Mical, additional, Sal, Ertan, additional, Santini, Marija, additional, Sargsyants, Narina, additional, Soják, L'ubomir, additional, Soodla, Pilleriin, additional, Staub, Therese, additional, Thalhammer, Florian, additional, Verbon, Annelies, additional, Verdon, Renaud, additional, and Wegrzyn, Zbigniew, additional
Published: 2021
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156. La situación actual de los refugiados a la luz del ordenamiento jurídico internacional

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel
Subjects: education, international migration, Derechos humanos, Inmigrantes y refugiados, lcsh:Law, Derecho internacional público, Relaciones internacionales, refugees, mixed migration, lcsh:K
Abstract: Los movimientos migratorios han cambiado sustancialmente en las últimas décadas. La distinción entre migrantes voluntarios o forzosos resulta insuficiente para comprender la variedad de situaciones que revelan con carácter general los flujos migratorios. En la actualidad, la frontera entre ambos conceptos es porosa y existen amplias zonas grises y categorías híbridas, como por ejemplo las migraciones mixtas. Dentro de este marco general de las migraciones, también se están produciendo cambios sustanciales en cuanto a la población refugiada. Han aparecido nuevas causas por las cuales las personas huyen de sus hogares porque sus vidas corren peligro y, sobre todo, han emergido nuevas tipologías de refugiados que no encuentran un cómodo encaje en la normativa internacional actual
Published: 2019

157. The Evolution of the Spanish Policy of International Co-operation for Development

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel
Subjects: spanish foreign policy, co-operation for development, humanitarian aid, cooperación para el desarrollo, lcsh:International relations, política exterior española, ayuda humanitaria, lcsh:JZ2-6530
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to analyze the evolution of the Spanish international cooperation and development policy until 2010. Such policy identifies poverty as the global problem which Spain tries to solve in an international context. However, it is also a resource for the Country´s foreign policy.This public policy is developed taking into account some basic facts, such as the Transition to Democracy period (1977-1982), the recent new Constitution (1978), the integration into the European Communities (1986), the incorporation into the Regional Development Banks, as well as a more active participation in the EU Fundings and in the Programmes of Development and Humanitarian Aid of the United Nations system. El objetivo de esta comunicación es evaluar la evolución de la política de cooperación al desarrollo internacional española desde su inicio hasta 2010. Esta política identifica el problema global de la pobreza, a cuya solución España contribuye dentro de un espacio coordinado con el resto de actores nacionales e internacionales, pero al mismo tiempo cubre también un espacio como herramienta de la política exterior del Estado.La progresiva formulación y puesta en práctica de esta política pública hubo de tener en cuenta hitos relevantes, como son la transición política a la democracia, la aprobación de la Constitución de 1978, la incorporación a las Comunidades Europeas, el ingreso en los distintos bancos regionales de desarrollo, complementados por nuestra participación en todos aquellos organismos de carácter económico y financiero dedicados a la cooperación para el desarrollo, en particular los fondos y programas de la Unión Europea, así como un protagonismo activo en los programas de desarrollo y acción humanitaria del sistema de las Naciones Unidas.
Published: 2019

158. SARS-CoV-2 RNAemia is associated with severe chronic underlying diseases but not with nasopharyngeal viral load

Author: Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith, Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Valerio, Maricela, Pérez-Palacios, Patricia, Revillas, Francisco Arnaiz-De Las, Abelenda-Alonso, Gabriela, Oteo-Revuelta, José Antonio, Carretero-Ledesma, Marta, Muñoz, Patricia, Pascual, Álvaro, Gozalo, Mónica, Rombauts, Alexander, Alba, Jorge, García-Díaz, Emilio, Rodríguez-Ferrero, María Luisa, Valiente, Adoración, Fariñas, María Carmen, Carratalà, Jordi, Santibáñez, Sonia, Camacho-Martínez, Pedro, Pachón, Jerónimo, Cisneros, José Miguel, Cordero, Elisa, and Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier
Published: 2021
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159. Reduced susceptibility to biocides in Acinetobacter baumannii: association with resistance to antimicrobials, epidemiological behaviour, biological cost and effect on the expression of genes encoding porins and efflux pumps

Author: Fernández-Cuenca, Felipe, Tomás, María, Caballero-Moyano, Francisco-Javier, Bou, Germán, Martínez-Martínez, Luis, Vila, Jordi, Pachón, Jerónimo, Cisneros, José-Miguel, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Pascual, Álvaro, Garnacho, José, Gutierrez-Pizarraya, Antonio, Márquez-Vácaro, Juan Antonio, Cano, María Eliecer, Fariñas, M. Carmen, Sánchez-Porto, Antonio, Meruendano, Gloria Esteban, Barbeyto-Vales, Luis, Casas-Ciria, Javier, Vallejo, Luis, Fernández-Pérez, Begona, Villar-Chao, José Carlos, Padilla-Ortega, Belén, Cercenado-Mansilla, Emilia, García-Irure, José Javier, del Arco Jiménez, Alfonso, Gimeno-Cardona, Concepción, Valía, Juan Carlos, Tormo-Palop, Núria, Abril, Vicente, Rifa, Josefina, Martinez-Garcia, Maria Jesus, Vilaró-Pujals, Joseph, Aguirre, Marian Navarro, Vilamala, Ana, Jiménez-Alfaro, José Antonio, Reviejo-Jaca, Carlos, Casanova, Pilar Marín, Guerreo, Francisca, Shaw, Evelyn, Plasencia, Virginia, Nebreda-Mayoral, Teresa, Fernández-Calavia, María José, de Cruz, Susana García, Aldea-Mansilla, Carmen, de Lucas, Esperanza Merino, Zorraquino, Alfredo, Reus-Bañuls, Sergio, Garduno-Eseverri, Eugenio, Sánchez, Luis López, Fleites-Gutiérrez, Ana, Rodríguez-Guardado, Azucena, Moreno, Alfonso, García-Arenzana Anguera, José María, López-Palmero, Serafín, Rodríguez-Maresca, Manuel, García-Garrote, Fernando, Varela-Otero, José, del Pilar Alonso, María, Vidal-Verdú, Elisa, Rodríguez-López, Fernando, Pardo-Sánchez, Fernanda, Ferrer-Vizoso, E., Regueiro-Garcia, B., Gurgui, Mercé, Pericas, Roser, Pomar, Virginia, Olaechea-Astigarraga, Pedro María, Ayarza-Igartua, Rafael, Maciá-Romero, María Dolores, de Gopegui-Bordes, Enrique Ruiz, Sánchez-Romero, María Isabel, García-Mata, Jesús, Goyanes, María José, Morales-Mateos, Cristina, Hernández-Quero, José, Escobar-Lara, Trinidad, Ballester-Bastardie, Frederic, Iftimie, Simona, Pujol-Bajador, Isabel, Galán-Navarro, María Isabel, Cádiz-Gurrea, María Luz, Amores-Antequera, Carmen, Gómez, Montserrat, Cantudo, Purificación, Martí-Salas, Carmina, Cuquet-Peragosa, Jordi, Moreno-Flores, Antonio, Anibarro-García, Luis, Hernando-Real, Susana, Carrero-González, Pablo A., Pallarés-González, María Angeles, Rodríguez-Fernández, Sergio, Pujol-Rojo, Miquel, Tubau, Fe, Nuno-Alvarez, Enrique, Ortega-Torres, María, Giner-Almaraz, Salvador, Roca-Castelló, María Rosa, Castillo, Manuela, Hortelano, Elena, Chaves-Sánchez, Fernando, García-Reyne, Ana, Horcajada-Gallego, Juan Pablo, Segura, Concha, Sierra-Dorado, Gema, Yano-Escudero, Raquel, Dorta-Hung, María Elena, and del Rosario Q, Cristóbal
Published: 2015
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160. A quick prediction tool for unfavourable outcome in COVID-19 inpatients: Development and internal validation

Author: Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Roca-Oporto, Cristina, Martín-Gutiérrez, Guillermo, Avilés, María Dolores, Gómez-González, Carmen, Navarro-Amuedo, María Dolores, Praena-Segovia, Julia, Molina, José, Paniagua-García, María, García-Delgado, Horacio, Domínguez-Petit, Antonio, Pachón, Jerónimo, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Published: 2021
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161. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms Colonization in Long-Term Care Facilities Around the World: A Review

Author: Rodríguez-Villodres, Ángel, Martín-Gandul, Cecilia, Peñalva, Germán, Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Pachón-Ibáñez, María Eugenia, Lepe, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, [Rodríguez-Villodres,A, Martín-Gandul,C, Peñalva,G, Guisado-Gil,AB, Crespo-Rivas,JC, Pachón-Ibáñez,ME, Lepe,JA, Cisneros,JM] Clinical Unit of Infectious Diseases, Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University of Seville/CSIC/University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain. [Guisado-Gil,AB] Department of Pharmacy, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain., and The study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness (grant number: PI17-02195) and was partially funded by the European Development Regional Fund 'A way to achieve Europe'. A.R.V. and A.B.G.G. are supported by the Subprograma Río Hortega, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Spain. A.R.V. grant number: CM18/00122. A.B.G.G. grant number: CM19/00029. C.M.G. and J.C.C.R. are supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (grant number: PI17-02195) and co-financed by European Development Regional Fund ‘A way to achieve Europe’ ERDF, Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0009).G.P. is supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0001)- co-financed by European Development Regional Fund 'A way to achieve Europe', Operative program Intelligent Growth 2014–2020. M.E.P.I. is a postdoctoral researcher belonging to the program 'Nicolás Monardes' (C1-0038-2019), Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, Spain. J.M.C. received funding for research from Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013–2016 and Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de InvestigacionCooperativa, Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI RD16/0016/0001, RD16/0016/0009), co-financed by the European Development Regional Fund 'A way to achieve Europe'.
Subjects: Acinetobacter baumannii, Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Americas::North America [Medical Subject Headings], Cuidados a largo plazo, Staphylococcus aureus resistente a meticilina, Nursing homes, Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings], Antimicrobial stewardship, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Statistics as Topic::Probability::Risk::Risk Factors [Medical Subject Headings], Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Negative Bacteria::Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria::Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci::Moraxellaceae::Acinetobacter::Acinetobacter baumannii [Medical Subject Headings], Prevalence, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Patient Care::Long-Term Care [Medical Subject Headings], Geographical Locations::Geographic Locations::Asia [Medical Subject Headings], Casas de salud, Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Epidemiologic Methods::Data Collection::Vital Statistics::Morbidity::Prevalence [Medical Subject Headings], Programas de optimización del uso de los antimicrobianos, Organisms::Bacteria::Endospore-Forming Bacteria::Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Bacteria::Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods::Staphylococcaceae::Staphylococcus::Staphylococcus aureus::Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus [Medical Subject Headings], Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings], Multidrug-resistant organism, Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Negative Bacteria::Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria::Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci::Pseudomonadaceae::Pseudomonas::Pseudomonas aeruginosa [Medical Subject Headings], Long term care facilities, Phenomena and Processes::Microbiological Phenomena::Bacterial Physiological Phenomena::Drug Resistance, Bacterial::Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial [Medical Subject Headings], Risk factors, Chemicals and Drugs::Carbohydrates::Glycoconjugates::Glycopeptides::Vancomycin [Medical Subject Headings], Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Information Science::Information Science::Information Storage and Retrieval::Databases as Topic::Databases, Bibliographic::PubMed [Medical Subject Headings], Information Science::Information Science::Communications Media::Publications::Bibliography as Topic::Bibliometrics [Medical Subject Headings], Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus, Organisms::Bacteria::Gram-Positive Bacteria::Lactobacillales::Enterococcaceae::Enterococcus [Medical Subject Headings], Prevalencia, Chemicals and Drugs::Organic Chemicals::Amides::Lactams::beta-Lactams::Carbapenems [Medical Subject Headings], Enterococcus, Factores de riesgo, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Anti-Infective Agents::Anti-Bacterial Agents [Medical Subject Headings]
Abstract: Elderly people confined to chronic care facilities face an increased risk of acquiring infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). This review presents the current knowledge of the prevalence and risk factors for colonization by MDROs in long-term care facilities (LTCF), thereby providing a useful reference to establish objectives for implementing successful antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). We searched in PubMed and Scopus for studies examining the prevalence of MDROs and/or risk factors for the acquisition of MDROs in LTCF. One hundred and thirty-four studies published from 1987 to 2020 were included. The prevalence of MDROs in LTCF varies between the different continents, where Asia reported the highest prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacterales (71.6%), carbapenem resistant (CR) Enterobacterales (6.9%) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (25.6%) and North America the highest prevalence to MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.4%), MDR Acinetobacter baumannii (15.0%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) (4.0%), and Clostridioides difficile (26.1%). Furthermore, MDRO prevalence has experienced changes over time, with increases in MDR P. aeruginosa and extended spectrum ß-lactamase producing Enterobacterales observed starting in 2015 and decreases of CR Enterobacterales, MDR A. baumannii, VRE, MRSA and C. difficile. Several risk factors have been found, such as male sex, chronic wounds, the use of medical devices, and previous antibiotic use. The last of these aspects represents one of the most important modifiable factors for reducing colonization with MDROs through implementing ASPs in LTCF. Yes
Published: 2021

162. A step forward in antibiotic use and resistance monitoring: a quarterly surveillance system pilot in 11 European Union/European Economic Area countries, September 2017 to May 2020.

Author: Peñalva, Germán, Crespo-Robledo, Paloma, Molvik, Mari, López-Navas, Antonio, Kacelnik, Oliver, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Published: 2022
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163. PRESENTACIÓN DEL DOSSIER: LA EVOLUCIÓN DE LA SOCIEDAD INTERNACIONAL EN EL SIGLO XXI: NUEVOS RETOS Y VIEJAS PROBLEMÁTICAS.

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel and Calatrava García, Adolfo
Subjects: *COVID-19 pandemic, *INTERNATIONAL security, *GREAT powers (International relations), *TWENTY-first century, *SUSTAINABLE development, *WAR (International law)
Abstract: The article presents a dossier on the evolution of international society in the 21st century, addressing topics such as the Covid-19 pandemic, the rise of China as a superpower, the role of international law, the Sustainable Development Goals, conflicts in Asia and Africa, migratory processes, and the reconfiguration of the European security system. The importance of analyzing factors such as power, institutions, and ideas to understand the current international society is highlighted. The article offers a transdisciplinary and holistic vision to address these issues and respond to constantly changing challenges. [Extracted from the article]
Published: 2022
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164. LOS MOVIMIENTOS MIGRATORIOS DESDE CENTROAMÉRICA: Perspectiva jurídica y securitaria

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel, primary
Published: 2021
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165. Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on antibiotic use in primary care

Author: Peñalva-Moreno, Germán, Benavente, Regina Sandra, Pérez-Moreno, María Antonia, Pérez-Pacheco, María Dolores, Pérez-Milena, Antonio, Murcia, José, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Subjects: Antibiotics, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Antimicrobial stewardship, Primary care
Abstract: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), disruption of antimicrobial stewardship interventions has become a matter of concern. Antimicrobial resistance and the many unintended negative clinical consequences resulting from antibiotic misuse and overuse will persist and may potentially be aggravated by the pandemic, making it necessary to measure its impact on antibiotic use in all healthcare settings.1
Published: 2021

166. Long-Term Impact of an Educational Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Management of Patients with Hematological Diseases

Author: Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, Aguilar-Guisado, Manuela, Peñalva, Germán, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Espigado Tocino, Ildefonso, Rodríguez-Arbolí, Eduardo, Pérez Simón, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina
Subjects: Hematologic diseases, Anti-infective agents, Candidemia, Bacteremia, Antimicrobial stewardship
Abstract: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in hematological patients are especially relevant. However, information about ASPs in this population is scarce. For 11 years, we quarterly assessed antimicrobial consumption and incidence and death rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bloodstream infections (BSI) in the hematology Department. Healthcare activity indicators were also monitored yearly. We performed an interrupted time-series analysis. Antimicrobials showed a sustained reduction with a relative effect of −62.3% (95% CI −84.5 to −40.1) nine years after the inception of the ASP, being especially relevant for antifungals (relative effect −80.4%, −90.9 to −69.9), quinolones (relative effect −85.0%, −102.0 to −68.1), and carbapenems (relative effect −68.8%, −126.0 to −10.6). Incidence density of MDR BSI remained low and stable (mean 1.10 vs. 0.82 episodes per 1000 occupied bed days for the pre-intervention and the ASP period, respectively) with a quarterly percentage of change of −0.3% (95% CI −2.0 to 1.4). Early and late mortality of MDR BSI presented a steady trend (quarterly percentage of change −0.7%, 95% CI −1.7 to 0.3 and −0.6%, 95% CI −1.5 to 0.3, respectively). Volume and complexity of healthcare activity increased over the years. The ASP effectively achieved long-term reductions in antimicrobial consumption and improvements in the prescription profile, without increasing the mortality of MDR BSI Comité de ética del Hospital Virgen del Rocío
Published: 2021

167. Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on the incidence of carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacilli: an interrupted time-series analysis

Author: López-Viñau, Teresa, Peñalva, Germán, García-Martínez, Lucrecia, Castón, Juan José, Muñoz-Rosa, Montserrat, Cano, Ángela, Cisneros, José Miguel, Torre-Cisneros, Julián, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013–2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, Red Española de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas , REIPI RD16/0016/0008, and RD16/0016/0009
Subjects: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, Carbapenems, Antimicrobial stewardship program, Antimicrobial resistance, Carbapenemases
Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a critical public health threat, and carbapenem use contributes to their spread. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have proven successful in reducing antimicrobial use. However, evidence on the impact of carbapenem resistance remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of a multifaceted ASP on carbapenem use and incidence of CR-GNB in a high-endemic hospital. An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted one year before and two years after starting the ASP to assess carbapenem consumption, CR-GNB incidence, death rates of sentinel events, and other variables potentially related to CR-GNB incidence. An intense reduction in carbapenem consumption occurred after starting the intervention and was sustained two years later (relative effect −83.51%; 95% CI −87.23 to −79.79). The incidence density of CR-GNB decreased by −0.915 cases per 1000 occupied bed days (95% CI −1.743 to −0.087). This effect was especially marked in CR-Klebsiella pneumoniae and CR-Escherichia coli, reversing the pre-intervention upward trend and leading to a relative reduction of −91.15% (95% CI −105.53 to −76.76) and −89.93% (95% CI −107.03 to −72.83), respectively, two years after starting the program. Death rates did not change. This ASP contributed to decreasing CR-GNB incidence through a sustained reduction in antibiotic use without increasing mortality rates.
Published: 2021

168. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs is not an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome

Author: Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith, Camacho-Martínez, Pedro, Infante-Domínguez, Carmen, Carretero-Ledesma, Marta, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo, Cordero Matia, María Elisa, Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier, Barón-Franco, Bosco, Bernabeu Wittel, Máximo, López Cortés, Luis Fernando, Nieto Martín, María Dolores, Romero Rodríguez, María de las Nieves, Ampuero Herrojo, Javier, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, National Plan R+D+I 2013–2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad. España, and Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, España.
Abstract: The aim was to assess the ability of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load at frst patient’s hospital evaluation to predict unfavorable outcomes. We conducted a prospective cohort study including 321 adult patients with confrmed COVID-19 through RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs. Quantitative Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA cycle threshold values were used to calculate the viral load in log10 copies/mL. Disease severity at the end of follow up was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. Primary endpoint was a composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death (n= 85, 26.4%). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load over the second quartile (≥7.35 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.003) and second tertile (≥ 8.27 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.01) were associated to unfavorable outcome in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. However, in the fnal multivariable analysis, viral load was not independently associated with an unfavorable outcome. Five predictors were independently associated with increased odds of ICU admission and/or death: age≥ 70 years, SpO2, neutrophils > 7.5 × 103 /µL, lactate dehydrogenase≥ 300 U/L, and C-reactive protein≥ 100 mg/L. In summary, nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load on admission is generally high in patients with COVID-19, regardless of illness severity, but it cannot be used as an independent predictor of unfavorable clinical outcome.
Published: 2021

169. Reseña conjunta: Paloma González del Miño y Juan Carlos Pastor, 'La política exterior de Irán: poder y seguridad en Oriente Medio y el Reino de Arabia Saudí y la hegemonía de Oriente Medio'. La Catarata, 2020, Madrid

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel
Subjects: Relaciones internacionales
Published: 2021

170. Los dilemas de la política migratoria española 2016-2019: 2019: un análisis desde el enfoque de la seguridad nacional

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel and Calatrava García, Adolfo
Subjects: Unión Europea, Política, Relaciones internacionales, Política exterior y de seguridad de la UE
Abstract: En el año 2006, el gobierno español para responder a un incremento intenso de la llegada de migrantes irregulares a las costas de Canarias (crisis de los cayucos), pone en marcha una política migratoria que rompe con muchos de los esquemas anteriores, basados en consideraciones laborales y sociales, en la que la seguridad adquiere un papel muy relevante. esta política se ha configurado como una política de estado que se ha mantenido desde entonces a pesar de los cambios de gobierno. el objetivo de este artículo es analizar esta política desde el enfoque de la seguridad nacional, centrándonos en varios apartados principales: la estructura políticoadministrativa de toma de decisiones e implementación de esta política, el establecimiento una diplomacia migratoria con países africanos y el proceso de europeización de esta. Para ello, se estudia el período de 2016 a 2019, que tiene dos condiciones importantes: se produce una crisis migratoria con el aumento de la llegada de migrantes y se produce un cambio de gobierno derivado de una moción de censura. la conclusión es que la seguridad es el elemento esencial que define la política migratoria española.
Published: 2021

171. El cambio climático y el Pacto Verde Europeo [Recurso electrónico]

Author: White, Isobel Louise., Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel., and Universidad Antonio de Nebrija. Departamento de Relaciones Internacionales.
Abstract: Trabajo fin de máster. Defendido en 2021. Máster Universitario en Relaciones Internacionales. El objetivo de este Trabajo Fin de Máster es evaluar el impacto del cambio climático en la Unión Europea y en la seguridad humana, para decidir si el Pacto Verde Europeo será capaz de frenar el cambio climático, además de abordar los objetivos específicos que propone. Se empieza con un paso por la teoría verde de las relaciones internacionales, por la historia de las negociaciones climáticas de las Naciones Unidas y por los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible. Posteriormente se analiza el estado actual del medio ambiente en la Unión Europea y la legislación medioambiental en vigor hasta el momento, para después abordar cada acción propuesto en el Pacto Verde Europeo y realizar un breve resumen y análisis de cada una como elemento central de este Trabajo. Se concluye que para que el Pacto Verde Europeo sea un éxito la Unión Europea deberá manejar todas las partes interesadas y controlar que las acciones se desarrollen de manera coordinada. El Pacto Verde Europeo demuestra ser una base legal sólida que responde a todas las necesidades identificadas, a pesar de faltar concreción en ciertos puntos. Abstract: The aim of this Masters dissertation is to evaluate the impact of climate change in the European Union and on human security, in order to decide whether the European Green Deal will be able to curb climate change and to reach the objectives that it proposes. Starting with a summary of green theory in international relations, of the history of the United Nations climate negotiations and of the Sustainable Development Goals. Subsequently, analysing the present state of the environment in the European Union and the environmental legislation in force to date, then covering each action proposed in the European Green Deal with a brief summary and analysis of each of them, to make up the central part of this dissertation. It can be concluded that in order for the European Green Deal to be a success, the European Union must manage all interested parties and make sure that all of the actions are carried out in coordination. The European Green Deal is shown to be a solid legal base that answers all of the needs identified, although it lacks in specifics in some points. Ordenador con navegador de Internet ; Adobe Acrobat Reader 106 p. (Según el contador de la aplicación)
Published: 2021

172. Identification and validation of clinical phenotypes with prognostic implications in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a multicentre cohort study

Author: Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, Belén, Toro López, María Dolores del, Borobia, Alberto M., Carcas, Antonio, Jarrín, Inmaculada, Yllescas, María, Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Salamanca Rivera, Celia, Valido-Morales, Agustín S., Retamar Gentil, Pilar, Cisneros, José Miguel, Nieto Martín, María Dolores, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, and Instituto de Salud Carlos III
Subjects: COVID-19, Clinical phenotypes, Prognostic
Abstract: Background The clinical presentation of COVID-19 in patients admitted to hospital is heterogeneous. We aimed to determine whether clinical phenotypes of patients with COVID-19 can be derived from clinical data, to assess the reproducibility of these phenotypes and correlation with prognosis, and to derive and validate a simplified probabilistic model for phenotype assignment. Phenotype identification was not primarily intended as a predictive tool for mortality. Methods In this study, we used data from two cohorts: the COVID-19@Spain cohort, a retrospective cohort including 4035 consecutive adult patients admitted to 127 hospitals in Spain with COVID-19 between Feb 2 and March 17, 2020, and the COVID-19@HULP cohort, including 2226 consecutive adult patients admitted to a teaching hospital in Madrid between Feb 25 and April 19, 2020. The COVID-19@Spain cohort was divided into a derivation cohort, comprising 2667 randomly selected patients, and an internal validation cohort, comprising the remaining 1368 patients. The COVID-19@HULP cohort was used as an external validation cohort. A probabilistic model for phenotype assignment was derived in the derivation cohort using multinomial logistic regression and validated in the internal validation cohort. The model was also applied to the external validation cohort. 30-day mortality and other prognostic variables were assessed in the derived phenotypes and in the phenotypes assigned by the probabilistic model. Findings Three distinct phenotypes were derived in the derivation cohort (n=2667)—phenotype A (516 [19%] patients), phenotype B (1955 [73%]) and phenotype C (196 [7%])—and reproduced in the internal validation cohort (n=1368)— phenotype A (233 [17%] patients), phenotype B (1019 [74%]), and phenotype C (116 [8%]). Patients with phenotype A were younger, were less frequently male, had mild viral symptoms, and had normal inflammatory parameters. Patients with phenotype B included more patients with obesity, lymphocytopenia, and moderately elevated inflammatory parameters. Patients with phenotype C included older patients with more comorbidities and even higher inflammatory parameters than phenotype B. We developed a simplified probabilistic model (validated in the internal validation cohort) for phenotype assignment, including 16 variables. In the derivation cohort, 30-day mortality rates were 2·5% (95% CI 1·4–4·3) for patients with phenotype A, 30·5% (28·5–32·6) for patients with phenotype B, and 60·7% (53·7–67·2) for patients with phenotype C (log-rank test p
Published: 2021

173. Aripiprazole as a candidate treatment of COVID-19 identified through genomic analysis

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Crespo Facorro, Benedicto, Ruiz Veguilla, Miguel, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Sánchez-Hidalgo, Ana C., Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Cisneros, José Miguel, Prieto, Carlos, Sainz, Jesús, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Psiquiatría, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (MINECO). España, European Commission (EC). Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER), Crespo Facorro, Benedicto, Ruiz Veguilla, Miguel, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Sánchez-Hidalgo, Ana C., Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Cisneros, José Miguel, Prieto, Carlos, and Sainz, Jesús
Abstract: Background: Antipsychotics modulate expression of inflammatory cytokines and inducible inflammatory enzymes. Elopiprazole (a phenylpiperazine antipsychotic drug in phase 1) has been characterized as a therapeutic drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in a repurposing study. We aim to investigate the potential effects of aripiprazole (an FDA approved phenylpiperazine) on COVID-19-related immunological parameters. Methods: Differential gene expression profiles of non-COVID-19 vs. COVID-19 RNA-Seq samples (CRA002390 project in GSA database) and drug-naïve patients with non-affective psychosis at baseline and after three months of aripiprazole treatment were identified. An integrative transcriptomic analyses of aripiprazole effects on differentially expressed genes in COVID-19 patients was performed. Findings: 82 out the 377 genes (21.7%) with expression significantly altered by aripiprazole have also their expression altered in COVID-19 patients and in 93.9% of these genes their expression is reverted by aripiprazole. The number of common genes with expression altered in both analyses is significantly higher than expected (Fisher’s Exact Test, two tail; p value = 3.2e-11). 11 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched with genes with altered expression both in COVID-19 patients and aripiprazole medicated non-affective psychosis patients (p adj<0.05). The most significant pathways were associated to immune responses and mechanisms of hyperinflammation-driven pathology (i.e.,“inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)” (the most significant pathway with a p adj of 0.00021), “Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation” and “B cell receptor signaling pathway”) that have been also associated with COVID19 clinical outcome. Interpretation: This exploratory investigation may provide further support to the notion that a protective effect is exerted by aripiprazole (phenylpiperazine) by modulating the expression of genes that have shown to be altered in COVID-19 patients. Along with many ongoing studie
Published: 2021

174. Resultados de un programa hospitalario para la optimización del uso de los antimicrobianos basado en medidas educativas. Nuevos diseños de intervención frente a las resistencias bacterianas

Author: Cisneros, José Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Molina Gil-Bermejo, José, Cisneros, José Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, and Molina Gil-Bermejo, José
Abstract: La expansión de las resistencias bacterianas en todo el mundo a lo largo de las últimas décadas se ha convertido en una amenaza prioritaria para la Salud Pública que ya no puede soslayarse solo con el desarrollo secuencial de nuevos antibióticos. Los programas de optimización del uso de los antimicrobianos (PROA) han sido señalados por las principales instituciones sanitarias internacionales como una de las principales herramientas para hacer frente a las resistencias, pero aún no existe evidencia sólida sobre qué intervenciones son más efectivas, o sobre su capacidad para producir resultados en salud sobre los pacientes. En la presente tesis doctoral se expone la metodología innovadora de un PROA basado en medidas educativas desarrollado en un hospital de tercer nivel, y se describe su impacto clínico a largo plazo sobre el consumo de antibióticos y la incidencia y mortalidad relacionada con las infecciones hospitalarias por microorganismos multirresistentes. La intervención fue evaluada de manera específica en la Unidad de Oncología del centro, para confirmar la efectividad y seguridad del PROA también en esta población de pacientes inmunodeprimidos. Finalmente, se muestran los resultados de un ensayo aleatorizado dirigido a reducir la duración del tratamiento antibiótico de los pacientes con bacteriemia por enterobacterias. El esquema de 7 días de tratamiento, comparado con el esquema tradicional de 14 días, consiguió reducir la exposición a antibióticos manteniendo unas tasas similares de efectividad.
Published: 2021

175. Los movimientos migratorios desde Centroamérica: perspectiva jurídica y securitaria

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel and Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel
Abstract: Las migraciones desde Centroamérica hacia el Norte han aumentado en los últimos años. Este crecimiento se produce en un contexto de inestabilidad política, incremento de la violencia y de la inseguridad ciudadana y deterioro de la situación económica en la región. Existen figuras jurídicas adecuadas que ofrecen amparo a estas poblaciones como la protección temporal o el reconocimiento prima facie. La concesión de estas figuras depende de la voluntariedad de los Estados, pero la protección, si se demuestra que existen fundados temores para la vida, pasaría a ser una cuestión de Derechos Humanos y no de discrecionalidad política. Si se consigue demostrar los fundados temores de riesgo para la vida del migrante y/o la de su familia por las razones especificadas en la Convención de Ginebra y en su Protocolo de Nueva York, los Estados en tránsito y/o de destino deben hacer cumplir el Derecho Internacional de los Refugiados otorgando la cobertura necesaria para proteger sus vidas. En el caso de no quedar demostrados estos fundados temores para su vida y/o la de su familia, será la voluntariedad de los Estados la que determine el nivel de protección jurídica y política que ha de brindarse., Central American migrations have increased in the last years. This situation is caused by a context of political instability, an increase of violence and the economic crisis of the region. These migrations are complex; therefore, we should think about the link between the regional economic process and the political situation in Central America. There are some ways of protecting these migrants, such as temporary protection (Temporary Protected Status) and the Prima Facie Recognition of Refugee Status. The implementation of these approaches depends on the will of each state but, if it is shown that there is well-founded concern for migrant life, it would be a Human Rights issue and not a discretional decision of States. If it is possible to demonstrate a well-founded fear of risk to the life of the migrants and their families for the reasons specified in the Geneva Convention and its New York Protocol, States in transit and/or destination must enforce the International Refugee Law by providing the necessary coverage to protect their lives. If these well-founded fears for their lives and their families are not demonstrated, it will be up to the States to determine the level of legal and political protection to be provided., Depto. de Relaciones Internacionales e Historia Global, Fac. de Ciencias Políticas y Sociología, TRUE, pub
Published: 2021

176. Identification and validation of clinical phenotypes with prognostic implications in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a multicentre cohort study

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, Belén, Toro López, María Dolores del, Borobia, Alberto M., Carcas, Antonio, Jarrín, Inmaculada, Yllescas, María, Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Salamanca Rivera, Celia, Valido-Morales, Agustín S., Retamar Gentil, Pilar, Cisneros, José Miguel, Nieto Martín, María Dolores, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Gutiérrez Gutiérrez, Belén, Toro López, María Dolores del, Borobia, Alberto M., Carcas, Antonio, Jarrín, Inmaculada, Yllescas, María, Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Salamanca Rivera, Celia, Valido-Morales, Agustín S., Retamar Gentil, Pilar, Cisneros, José Miguel, and Nieto Martín, María Dolores
Abstract: Background The clinical presentation of COVID-19 in patients admitted to hospital is heterogeneous. We aimed to determine whether clinical phenotypes of patients with COVID-19 can be derived from clinical data, to assess the reproducibility of these phenotypes and correlation with prognosis, and to derive and validate a simplified probabilistic model for phenotype assignment. Phenotype identification was not primarily intended as a predictive tool for mortality. Methods In this study, we used data from two cohorts: the COVID-19@Spain cohort, a retrospective cohort including 4035 consecutive adult patients admitted to 127 hospitals in Spain with COVID-19 between Feb 2 and March 17, 2020, and the COVID-19@HULP cohort, including 2226 consecutive adult patients admitted to a teaching hospital in Madrid between Feb 25 and April 19, 2020. The COVID-19@Spain cohort was divided into a derivation cohort, comprising 2667 randomly selected patients, and an internal validation cohort, comprising the remaining 1368 patients. The COVID-19@HULP cohort was used as an external validation cohort. A probabilistic model for phenotype assignment was derived in the derivation cohort using multinomial logistic regression and validated in the internal validation cohort. The model was also applied to the external validation cohort. 30-day mortality and other prognostic variables were assessed in the derived phenotypes and in the phenotypes assigned by the probabilistic model. Findings Three distinct phenotypes were derived in the derivation cohort (n=2667)—phenotype A (516 [19%] patients), phenotype B (1955 [73%]) and phenotype C (196 [7%])—and reproduced in the internal validation cohort (n=1368)— phenotype A (233 [17%] patients), phenotype B (1019 [74%]), and phenotype C (116 [8%]). Patients with phenotype A were younger, were less frequently male, had mild viral symptoms, and had normal inflammatory parameters. Patients with phenotype B included more patients with obesity, lymphocytopeni
Published: 2021

177. Long-Term Impact of an Educational Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on Management of Patients with Hematological Diseases

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, Aguilar-Guisado, Manuela, Peñalva, Germán, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Espigado Tocino, Ildefonso, Rodríguez-Arbolí, Eduardo, Pérez Simón, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, Aguilar-Guisado, Manuela, Peñalva, Germán, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Espigado Tocino, Ildefonso, Rodríguez-Arbolí, Eduardo, Pérez Simón, José Antonio, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Abstract: Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in hematological patients are especially relevant. However, information about ASPs in this population is scarce. For 11 years, we quarterly assessed antimicrobial consumption and incidence and death rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bloodstream infections (BSI) in the hematology Department. Healthcare activity indicators were also monitored yearly. We performed an interrupted time-series analysis. Antimicrobials showed a sustained reduction with a relative effect of −62.3% (95% CI −84.5 to −40.1) nine years after the inception of the ASP, being especially relevant for antifungals (relative effect −80.4%, −90.9 to −69.9), quinolones (relative effect −85.0%, −102.0 to −68.1), and carbapenems (relative effect −68.8%, −126.0 to −10.6). Incidence density of MDR BSI remained low and stable (mean 1.10 vs. 0.82 episodes per 1000 occupied bed days for the pre-intervention and the ASP period, respectively) with a quarterly percentage of change of −0.3% (95% CI −2.0 to 1.4). Early and late mortality of MDR BSI presented a steady trend (quarterly percentage of change −0.7%, 95% CI −1.7 to 0.3 and −0.6%, 95% CI −1.5 to 0.3, respectively). Volume and complexity of healthcare activity increased over the years. The ASP effectively achieved long-term reductions in antimicrobial consumption and improvements in the prescription profile, without increasing the mortality of MDR BSI
Published: 2021

178. Prevalence and risk factors for multidrug-resistant organisms colonization in long-term care facilities around the world: a review

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, European Development Regional Fund 'A way to achieve Europe' ERDF, Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI RD16/0016/0009, European Development Regional Fund "A way to achieve Europe", European Development Regional Fund "A way to achieve Europe", Operative program Intelligent Growth 2014-2020, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI17-02195, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI RD16/0016/0001, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de InvestigacionCooperativa, Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI RD16/0016/0001; RD16/0016/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness, PI17-02195, Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013-2016, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucia, Spain, C1-0038-2019, Subprograma Rio Hortega, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain, Rodríguez-Villodres, Ángel, Martín-Gandul, Cecilia, Peñalva, Germán, Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Pachón-Ibáñez, María Eugenia, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, European Development Regional Fund 'A way to achieve Europe' ERDF, Spanish Network for the Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI RD16/0016/0009, European Development Regional Fund "A way to achieve Europe", European Development Regional Fund "A way to achieve Europe", Operative program Intelligent Growth 2014-2020, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI17-02195, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI RD16/0016/0001, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de InvestigacionCooperativa, Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases, REIPI RD16/0016/0001; RD16/0016/0009, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry, and Competitiveness, PI17-02195, Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013-2016, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucia, Spain, C1-0038-2019, Subprograma Rio Hortega, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion y Universidades, Spain, Rodríguez-Villodres, Ángel, Martín-Gandul, Cecilia, Peñalva, Germán, Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Pachón-Ibáñez, María Eugenia, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Abstract: Elderly people confined to chronic care facilities face an increased risk of acquiring infections by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). This review presents the current knowledge of the prevalence and risk factors for colonization by MDROs in long-term care facilities (LTCF), thereby providing a useful reference to establish objectives for implementing successful antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs). We searched in PubMed and Scopus for studies examining the prevalence of MDROs and/or risk factors for the acquisition of MDROs in LTCF. One hundred and thirty-four studies published from 1987 to 2020 were included. The prevalence of MDROs in LTCF varies between the different continents, where Asia reported the highest prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacterales (71.6%), carbapenem resistant (CR) Enterobacterales (6.9%) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) (25.6%) and North America the highest prevalence to MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.4%), MDR Acinetobacter baumannii (15.0%), vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (VRE) (4.0%), and Clostridioides difficile (26.1%). Furthermore, MDRO prevalence has experienced changes over time, with increases in MDR P. aeruginosa and extended spectrum ß-lactamase producing Enterobacterales observed starting in 2015 and decreases of CR Enterobacterales, MDR A. baumannii, VRE, MRSA and C. difficile. Several risk factors have been found, such as male sex, chronic wounds, the use of medical devices, and previous antibiotic use. The last of these aspects represents one of the most important modifiable factors for reducing colonization with MDROs through implementing ASPs in LTCF.
Published: 2021

179. Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on the incidence of carbapenem resistant gram-negative bacilli: an interrupted time-series analysis

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013–2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, Red Española de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas , REIPI RD16/0016/0008; RD16/0016/0009, López-Viñau, Teresa, Peñalva, Germán, García-Martínez, Lucrecia, Castón, Juan José, Muñoz-Rosa, Montserrat, Cano, Ángela, Cisneros, José Miguel, Torre-Cisneros, Julián, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013–2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdirección General de Redes y Centros de Investigación Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN). España, Red Española de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas , REIPI RD16/0016/0008; RD16/0016/0009, López-Viñau, Teresa, Peñalva, Germán, García-Martínez, Lucrecia, Castón, Juan José, Muñoz-Rosa, Montserrat, Cano, Ángela, Cisneros, José Miguel, and Torre-Cisneros, Julián
Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a critical public health threat, and carbapenem use contributes to their spread. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have proven successful in reducing antimicrobial use. However, evidence on the impact of carbapenem resistance remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of a multifaceted ASP on carbapenem use and incidence of CR-GNB in a high-endemic hospital. An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted one year before and two years after starting the ASP to assess carbapenem consumption, CR-GNB incidence, death rates of sentinel events, and other variables potentially related to CR-GNB incidence. An intense reduction in carbapenem consumption occurred after starting the intervention and was sustained two years later (relative effect −83.51%; 95% CI −87.23 to −79.79). The incidence density of CR-GNB decreased by −0.915 cases per 1000 occupied bed days (95% CI −1.743 to −0.087). This effect was especially marked in CR-Klebsiella pneumoniae and CR-Escherichia coli, reversing the pre-intervention upward trend and leading to a relative reduction of −91.15% (95% CI −105.53 to −76.76) and −89.93% (95% CI −107.03 to −72.83), respectively, two years after starting the program. Death rates did not change. This ASP contributed to decreasing CR-GNB incidence through a sustained reduction in antibiotic use without increasing mortality rates.
Published: 2021

180. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs is not an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, National Plan R+D+I 2013–2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad. España, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, España., Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith, Camacho-Martínez, Pedro, Infante-Domínguez, Carmen, Carretero-Ledesma, Marta, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo, Cordero Matia, María Elisa, Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier, Barón-Franco, Bosco, Bernabeu Wittel, Máximo, López Cortés, Luis Fernando, Nieto Martín, María Dolores, Romero Rodríguez, María de las Nieves, Ampuero Herrojo, Javier, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, National Plan R+D+I 2013–2016, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad. España, Servicio Andaluz de Salud, Junta de Andalucía, España., Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith, Camacho-Martínez, Pedro, Infante-Domínguez, Carmen, Carretero-Ledesma, Marta, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Cisneros, José Miguel, Pachón Díaz, Jerónimo, Cordero Matia, María Elisa, Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier, Barón-Franco, Bosco, Bernabeu Wittel, Máximo, López Cortés, Luis Fernando, Nieto Martín, María Dolores, Romero Rodríguez, María de las Nieves, and Ampuero Herrojo, Javier
Abstract: The aim was to assess the ability of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load at frst patient’s hospital evaluation to predict unfavorable outcomes. We conducted a prospective cohort study including 321 adult patients with confrmed COVID-19 through RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs. Quantitative Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA cycle threshold values were used to calculate the viral load in log10 copies/mL. Disease severity at the end of follow up was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. Primary endpoint was a composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death (n= 85, 26.4%). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load over the second quartile (≥7.35 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.003) and second tertile (≥ 8.27 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.01) were associated to unfavorable outcome in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. However, in the fnal multivariable analysis, viral load was not independently associated with an unfavorable outcome. Five predictors were independently associated with increased odds of ICU admission and/or death: age≥ 70 years, SpO2, neutrophils > 7.5 × 103 /µL, lactate dehydrogenase≥ 300 U/L, and C-reactive protein≥ 100 mg/L. In summary, nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load on admission is generally high in patients with COVID-19, regardless of illness severity, but it cannot be used as an independent predictor of unfavorable clinical outcome.
Published: 2021

181. Catálogo (Glosario) de voces y términos de Relaciones Internacionales y Comercio Internacional: Herramienta práctica para estudiante de estas disciplinas

Author: González Gómez, María Paloma, Benedicto Solsona, Miguel Angel, Calatrava García, Adolfo, Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel, García Suárez, Luis, Hernández Hernández, David, Pascual Planchuelo, Víctor Carlos, Pastor Gómez, Juan Carlos, Santé Abal, José María, Sesmilo Peña, Belén, González Gómez, María Paloma, Benedicto Solsona, Miguel Angel, Calatrava García, Adolfo, Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel, García Suárez, Luis, Hernández Hernández, David, Pascual Planchuelo, Víctor Carlos, Pastor Gómez, Juan Carlos, Santé Abal, José María, and Sesmilo Peña, Belén
Abstract: Este proyecto académico de términos específicos de RR.II. da continuidad a la herramienta de enseñanza y aprendizaje práctico financiada en la convocatoria Proyectos Innova Docencia desde 2017.
Published: 2021

182. Do specific antimicrobial stewardship interventions have an impact on carbapenem resistance in Gramnegative bacilli? A multicentre quasi-experimental ecological study: time-trend analysis and characterization of carbapenemases

Author: Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Spanish Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Society (SEIMC), Álvarez-Marín, Rocío, López Cerero, Lorena, Palop-Borras, Begoña, Rojo-Martín, María Dolores, Ruiz-Sancho, Andrés, Herrero-Rodríguez, Carmen, García, María Victoria, Lazo-Torres, Ana María, López, Inmaculada, Martín-Hita, Lina, Nuño-Álvarez, Enrique, Sánchez-Yebra, Waldo, Galán-Sánchez, Fátima, Reguera-Iglesias, José María, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Peñalva, Germán, Pascual Hernández, Álvaro, Cisneros, José Miguel, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Microbiología, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Spanish Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Society (SEIMC), Álvarez-Marín, Rocío, López Cerero, Lorena, Palop-Borras, Begoña, Rojo-Martín, María Dolores, Ruiz-Sancho, Andrés, Herrero-Rodríguez, Carmen, García, María Victoria, Lazo-Torres, Ana María, López, Inmaculada, Martín-Hita, Lina, Nuño-Álvarez, Enrique, Sánchez-Yebra, Waldo, Galán-Sánchez, Fátima, Reguera-Iglesias, José María, Lepe Jiménez, José Antonio, Peñalva, Germán, Pascual Hernández, Álvaro, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Abstract: Background: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are among the most threatening microorganisms worldwide and carbapenem use facilitates their spread. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) can help to optimize the use of antibiotics. This study evaluates the impact of a multifaceted educational ASP on carbapenem use and on the epidemiology of CR-GNB. Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental, time-series study in seven hospitals, from January 2014 to September 2018. The key intervention was composed of educational interviews promoting the appropriate use of carbapenems. The primary endpoints were carbapenem consumption and incidence density (ID) of CR-GNB. All non-duplicated CR-GNB clinical isolates were tested using phenotypic assays and PCR for the presence of carbapenemases. Joinpoint regression and interrupted time-series analyses were used to determine trends. Results: A decrease in carbapenem consumption throughout the study period [average quarterly percentage change (AQPC) -1.5%, P < 0.001] and a -8.170 (-16.064 to -0.277) level change following the intervention were observed. The ID of CR-Acinetobacter baumannii decreased (AQPC -3.5%, P = 0.02) and the overall ID of CR-GNB remained stable (AQPC -0.4%, P = 0.52). CR-GNB, CR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa and CR-A. baumannii IDs per hospital correlated with the local consumption of carbapenems. The most prevalent carbapenem resistance mechanisms were OXA-23 for CR-A. baumannii (76.1%), OXA-48 for CR-Klebsiella pneumoniae (66%) and no carbapenemases for CR-P. aeruginosa (91.7%). The epidemiology of carbapenemases was heterogeneous throughout the study, especially for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Conclusions: In conclusion, a multifaceted, educational interview-based ASP targeting carbapenem prescribing reduced carbapenem use and the ID of CR-A. baumannii.
Published: 2021

183. La política exterior de Irán: Poder y Seguridad en Oriente Medio, Y el reino de Arabia Saudí y la hegemonía de Oriente Medio.

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel and Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel
Published: 2021

184. Spanish adaptation of the Start Smart-Then Focus tool for optimizing the use of antimicrobials

Author: Ministerio de Sanidad (España), Gil-Navarro, María Victoria, Gutiérrez-Urbón, José María, El Fahimi, Nabil, Cisneros, José Miguel, Ministerio de Sanidad (España), Gil-Navarro, María Victoria, Gutiérrez-Urbón, José María, El Fahimi, Nabil, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Abstract: [EN] Objective: The Start Smart-Then Focus tool of the United Kingdom’s National Health System is a tool to be implemented in antimicrobial stewardship programs. The objective of this work is the adaptation of Start Smart-Then Focus tool to the Spanish health system. Method: Delphi methodology was used. Two rounds were conducted by email. In the first, a questionnaire was sent out that included the criteria of the tool. These criteria were independently assessed by 16 experts. They rated the suitability and applicability of each criterion on a scale from 1 to 9 and made free comments on each one. The tool was modified and sent out again to all the experts. They re-scored the questionnaire individually, while aware of the anonymized results of the first round. Results: The first questionnaire was made up of 19 indicators. Of these, 16 indicators had a median of more than 7 in suitability and applicability. However, regarding applicability, 3 indicators had a median of less than 7 and 10 had a minimum of less than 5. From the initial 19 indicators, we obtained 8 final indicators and 8 options were added to the sixth indicator. Conclusions: It would be very useful to implement the Spanish adaptation of the Start Smart-Then Focus tool in antimicrobial stewardship programs at a national level. It would also contribute to improving the use of antimicrobials., [ES] Objetivo: La herramienta Start Smart-Then Focus del Sistema Nacional de Salud de Reino Unido es una herramienta de ayuda de los programas de optimización de antibióticos. El objetivo de este trabajo es la adaptación de la herramienta Start Smart-Then Focus al sistema de salud español. Método: Se utilizó la metodología Delphi, mediante dos rondas de evaluación por correo electrónico. En la primera se envió un cuestionario con los criterios de la herramienta, estos fueron evaluados de forma independiente por 16 expertos. Puntuaron de 1-9 la idoneidad y aplicabilidad de cada criterio, y realizaron comentarios libres. La herramienta fue modificada y enviada de nuevo a todos los expertos, volvieron a puntuar individualmente, pero conociendo los resultados de la primera ronda. Resultados: El primer cuestionario estaba constituido por 19 indicadores; 16 indicadores obtuvieron una mediana mayor de 7 en idoneidad y aplicabilidad, 3 indicadores obtuvieron mediana menor de 7 y 10 indicadores con mínimos menores de 5 en aplicabilidad. De 19 indicadores iniciales pasamos a 8; con 8 opciones dentro del sexto indicador. Conclusiones: La adaptación de la herramienta Start Smart-Then Focus a nivel nacional puede ser de utilidad para implantarla en los programas de optimización de antibióticos y contribuir a la mejora del uso de los antimicrobianos.
Published: 2021

185. SARS-CoV-2 viral load in nasopharyngeal swabs is not an independent predictor of unfavorable outcome

Author: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles [0000-0002-1280-4810], Camacho-Martínez, Pedro [0000-0002-6331-4600], Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier [0000-0003-2707-1979], Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith, Camacho‐Martínez, Pedro, Infante-Domínguez, Carmen, Carretero-Ledesma, Marta, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Márquez-Martín, Eduardo, Lomas-Cabezas, José Manuel, Bueno, Claudio, Amaya-Villar, Rosario, Lepe, José A., Cisneros, José Miguel, Pachón, Jerónimo, Cordero-Matía, Elisa, Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier, The Virgen del Rocío Hospital COVID-19 Working Team, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Junta de Andalucía, Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles [0000-0002-1280-4810], Camacho-Martínez, Pedro [0000-0002-6331-4600], Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier [0000-0003-2707-1979], Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Berastegui-Cabrera, Judith, Camacho‐Martínez, Pedro, Infante-Domínguez, Carmen, Carretero-Ledesma, Marta, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, Márquez-Martín, Eduardo, Lomas-Cabezas, José Manuel, Bueno, Claudio, Amaya-Villar, Rosario, Lepe, José A., Cisneros, José Miguel, Pachón, Jerónimo, Cordero-Matía, Elisa, Sánchez-Céspedes, Javier, and The Virgen del Rocío Hospital COVID-19 Working Team
Abstract: The aim was to assess the ability of nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load at first patient’s hospital evaluation to predict unfavorable outcomes. We conducted a prospective cohort study including 321 adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 through RT-PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs. Quantitative Synthetic SARS-CoV-2 RNA cycle threshold values were used to calculate the viral load in log10 copies/mL. Disease severity at the end of follow up was categorized into mild, moderate, and severe. Primary endpoint was a composite of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and/or death (n = 85, 26.4%). Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. Nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load over the second quartile (≥ 7.35 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.003) and second tertile (≥ 8.27 log10 copies/mL, p = 0.01) were associated to unfavorable outcome in the unadjusted logistic regression analysis. However, in the final multivariable analysis, viral load was not independently associated with an unfavorable outcome. Five predictors were independently associated with increased odds of ICU admission and/or death: age ≥ 70 years, SpO2, neutrophils > 7.5 × 103/µL, lactate dehydrogenase ≥ 300 U/L, and C-reactive protein ≥ 100 mg/L. In summary, nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 viral load on admission is generally high in patients with COVID-19, regardless of illness severity, but it cannot be used as an independent predictor of unfavorable clinical outcome.
Published: 2021

186. Aripiprazole as a Candidate Treatment of COVID-19 Identified Through Genomic Analysis

Author: Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Sánchez-Hidalgo, Ana C., Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Cisneros, José Miguel, Prieto, Carlos, Sainz, Jesús, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), European Commission, Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto, Ruiz‐Veguilla, Miguel, Vázquez-Bourgon, Javier, Sánchez-Hidalgo, Ana C., Garrido-Torres, Nathalia, Cisneros, José Miguel, Prieto, Carlos, and Sainz, Jesús
Abstract: Background: Antipsychotics modulate expression of inflammatory cytokines and inducible inflammatory enzymes. Elopiprazole (a phenylpiperazine antipsychotic drug in phase 1) has been characterized as a therapeutic drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in a repurposing study. We aim to investigate the potential effects of aripiprazole (an FDA approved phenylpiperazine) on COVID-19-related immunological parameters. Methods: Differential gene expression profiles of non-COVID-19 vs. COVID-19 RNA-Seq samples (CRA002390 project in GSA database) and drug-naïve patients with non-affective psychosis at baseline and after three months of aripiprazole treatment were identified. An integrative transcriptomic analyses of aripiprazole effects on differentially expressed genes in COVID-19 patients was performed. Findings: 82 out the 377 genes (21.7%) with expression significantly altered by aripiprazole have also their expression altered in COVID-19 patients and in 93.9% of these genes their expression is reverted by aripiprazole. The number of common genes with expression altered in both analyses is significantly higher than expected (Fisher’s Exact Test, two tail; p value = 3.2e-11). 11 KEGG pathways were significantly enriched with genes with altered expression both in COVID-19 patients and aripiprazole medicated non-affective psychosis patients (p adj<0.05). The most significant pathways were associated to immune responses and mechanisms of hyperinflammation-driven pathology (i.e.,“inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)” (the most significant pathway with a p adj of 0.00021), “Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation” and “B cell receptor signaling pathway”) that have been also associated with COVID19 clinical outcome. Interpretation: This exploratory investigation may provide further support to the notion that a protective effect is exerted by aripiprazole (phenylpiperazine) by modulating the expression of genes that have shown to be altered in COVID-19 patients. Along with many ongoing studie
Published: 2021

187. Do specific antimicrobial stewardship interventions have an impact on carbapenem resistance in Gram-negative bacilli? A multicentre quasi-experimental ecological study: time-trend analysis and characterization of carbapenemases

Author: Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Álvarez-Marín, Rocío, López-Cerero, Lorena, Guerrero-Sánchez, Francisca, Palop-Borrás, Begoña, Rojo-Martín, María Dolores, Ruiz-Sancho, Andrés, Herrero-Rodríguez, Carmen, García, María Victoria, Lazo-Torres, Ana María, López-Hernández, Inmaculada, Martín-Hita, Lina, Nuño-Álvarez, Enrique, Sánchez-Yebra, Waldo, Galán-Sánchez, Fátima, Reguera-Iglesias, J. M., Lepe, José A., Peñalba, Germán, Pascual, Álvaro, Cisneros, José Miguel, Sociedad Española de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología Clínica, Álvarez-Marín, Rocío, López-Cerero, Lorena, Guerrero-Sánchez, Francisca, Palop-Borrás, Begoña, Rojo-Martín, María Dolores, Ruiz-Sancho, Andrés, Herrero-Rodríguez, Carmen, García, María Victoria, Lazo-Torres, Ana María, López-Hernández, Inmaculada, Martín-Hita, Lina, Nuño-Álvarez, Enrique, Sánchez-Yebra, Waldo, Galán-Sánchez, Fátima, Reguera-Iglesias, J. M., Lepe, José A., Peñalba, Germán, Pascual, Álvaro, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Abstract: [Background] Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are among the most threatening microorganisms worldwide and carbapenem use facilitates their spread. Antimicrobial stewardship programmes (ASPs) can help to optimize the use of antibiotics. This study evaluates the impact of a multifaceted educational ASP on carbapenem use and on the epidemiology of CR-GNB., [Methods] We conducted a quasi-experimental, time-series study in seven hospitals, from January 2014 to September 2018. The key intervention was composed of educational interviews promoting the appropriate use of carbapenems. The primary endpoints were carbapenem consumption and incidence density (ID) of CR-GNB. All non-duplicated CR-GNB clinical isolates were tested using phenotypic assays and PCR for the presence of carbapenemases. Joinpoint regression and interrupted time-series analyses were used to determine trends., [Results] A decrease in carbapenem consumption throughout the study period [average quarterly percentage change (AQPC) −1.5%, P < 0.001] and a −8.170 (−16.064 to −0.277) level change following the intervention were observed. The ID of CR-Acinetobacter baumannii decreased (AQPC −3.5%, P = 0.02) and the overall ID of CR-GNB remained stable (AQPC −0.4%, P = 0.52). CR-GNB, CR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa and CR-A. baumannii IDs per hospital correlated with the local consumption of carbapenems. The most prevalent carbapenem resistance mechanisms were OXA-23 for CR-A. baumannii (76.1%), OXA-48 for CR-Klebsiella pneumoniae (66%) and no carbapenemases for CR-P. aeruginosa (91.7%). The epidemiology of carbapenemases was heterogeneous throughout the study, especially for carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae., [Conclusions] In conclusion, a multifaceted, educational interview-based ASP targeting carbapenem prescribing reduced carbapenem use and the ID of CR-A. baumannii.
Published: 2021

188. Impact of an Antimicrobial Stewardship Program on the Incidence of Carbapenem Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis

Author: Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa, European Commission, López-Viñau, Teresa, Peñalva-Moreno, Germán, García-Martínez, Lucrecia, Castón, Juan José, Muñoz-Rosa, Montserrat, Cano, Ángela, Recio Rufián, Manuel, Cisneros, José Miguel, Pérez-Nadales, Elena, Rumbao Aguirre, José, García-Martínez, Elena, Salcedo, Inmaculada, Prado, José Ramón del, Fuente, Carmen de la, Martínez-Martínez, Luis, Gracia-Ahufinger, Irene, Torre-Cisneros, Julián, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa, European Commission, López-Viñau, Teresa, Peñalva-Moreno, Germán, García-Martínez, Lucrecia, Castón, Juan José, Muñoz-Rosa, Montserrat, Cano, Ángela, Recio Rufián, Manuel, Cisneros, José Miguel, Pérez-Nadales, Elena, Rumbao Aguirre, José, García-Martínez, Elena, Salcedo, Inmaculada, Prado, José Ramón del, Fuente, Carmen de la, Martínez-Martínez, Luis, Gracia-Ahufinger, Irene, and Torre-Cisneros, Julián
Abstract: Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) are a critical public health threat, and carbapenem use contributes to their spread. Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have proven successful in reducing antimicrobial use. However, evidence on the impact of carbapenem resistance remains unclear. We evaluated the impact of a multifaceted ASP on carbapenem use and incidence of CR-GNB in a high-endemic hospital. An interrupted time-series analysis was conducted one year before and two years after starting the ASP to assess carbapenem consumption, CR-GNB incidence, death rates of sentinel events, and other variables potentially related to CR-GNB incidence. An intense reduction in carbapenem consumption occurred after starting the intervention and was sustained two years later (relative effect −83.51%; 95% CI −87.23 to −79.79). The incidence density of CR-GNB decreased by −0.915 cases per 1000 occupied bed days (95% CI −1.743 to −0.087). This effect was especially marked in CR-Klebsiella pneumoniae and CR-Escherichia coli, reversing the pre-intervention upward trend and leading to a relative reduction of −91.15% (95% CI −105.53 to −76.76) and −89.93% (95% CI −107.03 to −72.83), respectively, two years after starting the program. Death rates did not change. This ASP contributed to decreasing CR-GNB incidence through a sustained reduction in antibiotic use without increasing mortality rates.
Published: 2021

189. Formación especializada de posgrado en patología infecciosa

Author: Rivero Román, Antonio, Antela, Antonio, Ariza, Javier, Cisneros, José Miguel, and Aldeguer, José López
Published: 2008
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190. Incisional Surgical Site Infection in Kidney Transplantation

Author: Ramos, Antonio, Asensio, Angel, Muñez, Elena, Torre-Cisneros, Julian, Montejo, Miguel, Aguado, Jose Maria, Cofán, Federico, Carratalá, Jordi, Len, Oscar, and Cisneros, Jose Miguel
Published: 2008
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191. Characterization of plasmids carrying the blaOXA-24/40 carbapenemase gene and the genes encoding the AbkA/AbkB proteins of a toxin/antitoxin system

Author: Mosqueda, Noraida, Gato, Eva, Roca, Ignasi, López, María, de Alegría, Carlos Ruíz, Fernández Cuenca, Felipe, Martínez-Martínez, Luis, Pachón, Jerónimo, Cisneros, José Miguel, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Pascual, Álvaro, Vila, Jordi, Bou, Germán, Tomás, María, Garnacho, José, Pizarraya, Antonio Gutierrez, Márquez Vácaro, Juan Antonio, Cano, María Eliecer, Fariñas, M. Carmen, Porto, Antonio Sánchez, Meruendano, Gloria Esteban, Vales, Luis Barbeyto, Ciria, Javier Casas, Vallejo, Luis, Pérez, Begona Fernández, Chao, José Carlos Villar, Ortega, Belén Padilla, Mansilla, Emilia Cercenado, Irure, José Javier García, del Arco Jiménez, Alfonso, Cardona, Concepción Gimeno, Valía, Juan Carlos, Palop, Núria Tormo, Abril, Vicente, Rifa, Josefina, Jesus, Maria, Garcia, Martinez, Pujals, Joseph Vilaró, Aguirre, Marian Navarro, Vilamala, Ana, Alfaro, José Antonio Jiménez, Jaca, Carlos Reviejo, Casanova, Pilar Marín, Guerreo, Francisca, Shaw, Evelyn, Plasencia, Virginia, Mayoral, Teresa Nebreda, Calavia, María José Fernández, de Cruz, Susana García, Mansilla, Carmen Aldea, de Lucas, Esperanza Merino, Zorraquino, Alfredo, Bañuls, Sergio Reus, Eseverri, Eugenio Garduno, Sánchez, Luis López, Gutiérrez, Ana Fleites, Guardado, Azucena Rodríguez, Moreno, Alfonso, Anguera, José María García-Arenzana, Palmero, Serafín López, Maresca, Manuel Rodríguez, Garrote, Fernando García, Otero, José Varela, del Pilar Alonso, María, Verdú, Elisa Vidal, López, Fernando Rodríguez, Sánchez, Fernanda Pardo, Vizoso, E. Ferrer, Garcia, B. Regueiro, Gurgui, Mercé, Pericas, Roser, Pomar, Virginia, Astigarraga, Pedro María Olaechea, Igartua, Rafael Ayarza, Romero, María Dolores Maciá, de Gopegui Bordes, Enrique Ruiz, Romero, María Isabel Sánchez, Mata, Jesús García, Goyanes, María José, Mateos, Cristina Morales, Quero, José Hernández, Lara, Trinidad Escobar, Bastardie, Frederic Ballester, Iftimie, Simona, Bajador, Isabel Pujol, Navarro, María Isabel Galán, Gurrea, María Luz Cádiz, Antequera, Carmen Amores, Gómez, Montserrat, Cantudo, Purificación, Salas, Carmina Martí, Peragosa, Jordi Cuquet, Flores, Antonio Moreno, García, Luis Anibarro, Real, Susana Hernando, González, Pablo A. Carrero, González, María Angeles Pallarés, Fernández, Sergio Rodríguez, Rojo, Miquel Pujol, Tubau, Fe, Alvarez, Enrique Nuno, Torres, María Ortega, Almaraz, Salvador Giner, Castelló, María Rosa Roca, Castillo, Manuela, Hortelano, Elena, Sánchez, Fernando Chaves, Reyne, Ana García, Gallego, Juan Pablo Horcajada, Segura, Concha, Dorado, Gema Sierra, Escudero, Raquel Yano, Hung, María Elena Dorta, and del Rosario Q, Cristóbal
Published: 2014
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192. El orden mundial en transición.

Author: Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel, Calatrava García, Adolfo, Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel, and Calatrava García, Adolfo
Abstract: La guerra de Ucrania supone una coyuntura crítica en la concepción de la seguridad en Europa. Esto no es un hecho aislado, sino que debe enmarcarse en la reconfiguración de un nuevo orden mundial. El orden internacional liberal surgido de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, que se expande hacia un ámbito global tras el fin de la Guerra Fría, ha entrado en un proceso de cambio desde hace unos años y la guerra en Europa no hace más que constatar este proceso de transición. En esta obra colectiva diferentes autores nos hacemos una serie de preguntas: ¿Cómo será el orden mundial en los próximos años? ¿Cuáles son los factores de continuidad y cuáles los de cambio? ¿Cuáles son las dinámicas y los actores internacionales que ejercen presión sobre el viejo orden? Este libro ha sido pensado para aquellos lectores que deseen comprender los factores que influyen en los cambios que se están produciendo en la sociedad internacional, más allá de los temas que protagonizan las agendas mediáticas y políticas, y dando protagonismo a otras dinámicas que influyen directamente en la configuración de un orden mundial. A lo largo de las páginas se apuntan las claves que explican cómo afecta la guerra de Ucrania al sistema de seguridad europeo; la traslación del eje geopolítico a otras regiones del planeta; cual es el comportamiento actual de los poderes hegemónicos; la situación de Oriente Medio ante los cambios desatados en el orden internacional; que tipo de multilateralismo se vislumbra en un mundo en cambio; cual es el rol de los actores del sur global; que aporta la Agenda 2030 a nuestra sociedad internacional; el efecto que tienen los movimientos migratorios; el terrorismo y la criminalidad organizada como amenaza transnacional y asimétrica; en qué estado se encuentran las relaciones de producción, exportación, consumo e importación del petróleo y del gas natural; y como afecta el creciente protagonismo que la tecnología ejerce en las estrategias comunicativas. El resultado es un obra coral imprescindible para entender la sociedad internacional del momento y vislumbrar como será el futuro en el que viviremos.
Published: 2023

193. Escherichia coli belonging to the worldwide emerging epidemic clonal group O25b/ST131: risk factors and clinical implications

Author: López-Cerero, Lorena, Navarro, María Dolores, Bellido, Mar, Martín-Peña, Almudena, Viñas, Laura, Cisneros, José Miguel, Gómez-Langley, Sara Louise, Sánchez-Monteseirín, Herminia, Morales, Isabel, Pascual, Alvaro, and Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús
Published: 2014
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194. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Organisms Colonization in Long-Term Care Facilities Around the World: A Review

Author: Rodríguez-Villodres, Ángel, primary, Martín-Gandul, Cecilia, additional, Peñalva, Germán, additional, Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén, additional, Crespo-Rivas, Juan Carlos, additional, Pachón-Ibáñez, María Eugenia, additional, Lepe, José Antonio, additional, and Cisneros, José Miguel, additional
Published: 2021
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195. Identification and validation of clinical phenotypes with prognostic implications in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19: a multicentre cohort study

Author: Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez, Belén, primary, del Toro, María Dolores, additional, Borobia, Alberto M, additional, Carcas, Antonio, additional, Jarrín, Inmaculada, additional, Yllescas, María, additional, Ryan, Pablo, additional, Pachón, Jerónimo, additional, Carratalà, Jordi, additional, Berenguer, Juan, additional, Arribas, Jose Ramón, additional, Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, additional, Aznar Muñoz, Esther, additional, Gil Divasson, Pedro, additional, González Muñiz, Patricia, additional, Muñoz Aguirre, Clara, additional, Retamar, Pilar, additional, Valiente, Adoración, additional, López-Cortés, Luis E., additional, Sojo-Dorado, Jesús, additional, Bravo-Ferrer, José, additional, Salamanca, Elena, additional, Palacios-Baena, Zaira R., additional, Pérez-Palacios, Patricia, additional, Gandullo-Moro, María, additional, Ruíz-Hueso, Rocío, additional, Moya-González, Natalia, additional, Valido-Morales, Agustín, additional, Pavón-Masa, María, additional, Díaz Menéndez, Marta, additional, De la Calle Prieto, Fernando, additional, Arsuaga Vicente, Marta, additional, Trigo Esteban, Elena, additional, De Miguel Buckley, Rosa, additional, Cadiñanos Loidi, Julen, additional, Busca Arenzana, Carmen, additional, Mican Rivera, Rafael, additional, Mora Rillo, Marta, additional, Loeches Yagüe, Belén, additional, Bernardino de la Serna, José Ignacio, additional, García Rodríguez, Julio, additional, Montejano Sánchez, Rocío, additional, Diaz Pollan, Beatriz, additional, López, Juan Carlos, additional, Ramírez-Schacke, Margarita, additional, Gutiérrez, Isabel, additional, Tejerina, Francisco, additional, Aldámiz-Echevarría, Teresa, additional, Díez, Cristina, additional, Fanciulli, Chiara, additional, Pérez-Latorre, Leire, additional, Parras, Francisco, additional, Catalán, Pilar, additional, García-Leoni, María E, additional, Pérez-Tamayo, Isabel, additional, Puente, Luis, additional, Cedeño, Jamil, additional, Such-Diaz, Ana, additional, Álvaro-Alonso, Elena, additional, Izquierdo-García, Elsa, additional, Torres-Macho, Juan, additional, Cuevas, Guillermo, additional, Notario, Helena, additional, Mestre-Gómez, Beatriz, additional, Jiménez-González de Buitrago, Eva, additional, Fernández-Jiménez, Inés, additional, Tebar-Martínez, Ana Josefa, additional, Brañas, Fátima, additional, Valencia, Jorge, additional, Pérez-Butragueño, Mario, additional, Alvarado, Marta, additional, Abelenda-Alonso, Gabriela, additional, Ardanuy, Carmen, additional, Bergas, Alba, additional, Cuervo, Guillermo, additional, Domínguez, María Ángeles, additional, Fernández-Huerta, Miguel, additional, Gudiol, Carlota, additional, Lorenzo-Esteller, Laia, additional, Niubó, Jordi, additional, Pérez-Recio, Sandra, additional, Podzamczer, Daniel, additional, Pujol, Miquel, additional, Rombauts, Alexander, additional, Trullen, Núria, additional, Cisneros, José Miguel, additional, Amodeo, Cristina, additional, Camacho, Pedro, additional, Espinosa, Nuria, additional, García-Gutiérrez, Manuel, additional, Jara-Palomares, Luis, additional, González-León, Rocío, additional, Molina, José, additional, Nieto Martín, María Dolores, additional, Paniagua, María, additional, Poyato, Manuel, additional, Rodríguez-Villodres, Ángel, additional, Ruiz de Azua, Zaida, additional, Salamanca, Celia, additional, Sepúlveda Berrocal, Mº Antonia, additional, Yera Bergua, Carmen, additional, Toledano Sierra, Pilar, additional, Cano Llorente, Verónica, additional, Zafar Iqubal-Mirza, Sadaf, additional, Muñiz, Gema, additional, Martín Pérez, Inmaculada, additional, Mozas Moriñigo, Helena, additional, Alguacil, Ana, additional, García Butenegro, María Paz, additional, Peláez Ballesta, Ana Isabel, additional, Morcillo Rodríguez, Elena, additional, Goikoetxea Agirre, Josune, additional, Blanco Vidal, María José, additional, Nieto Arana, Javier, additional, del Álamo Martínez de Lagos, Mikel, additional, Pérez Hernández, Isabel A., additional, Pérez Zapata, Inés, additional, Silvariño Fernández, Rafael, additional, Ugalde Espiñeira, Jon, additional, Rivas-Carmenado, María, additional, Suárez Pérez, Lucia, additional, Suárez Diaz, Silvia, additional, Yllera Gutiérrez, Carmen, additional, Boix, Vicente, additional, Díez Martínez, Marcos, additional, Carreres Candela, Melissa, additional, Gómez-Ayerbe, Cristina, additional, Sánchez-Lora, Javier, additional, Velasco Garrido, José Luis, additional, López-Jodar, María, additional, Santos González, Jesús, additional, Ruiz Aragón, Jesús, additional, Virto Peña, Ianire, additional, Alende Castro, Vanessa, additional, Sande Llovo, Diana, additional, Vega Molpeceres, Sonia, additional, Pons Viñas, Estel, additional, del Río Pérez, Oscar, additional, Valero Rovira, Silvia, additional, Villar-García, Judit, additional, Gómez-Junyent, Joan, additional, Cánepa, María Cecilia, additional, Castañeda Espinosa, Silvia, additional, Letang, Emilio, additional, Arenas-Miras, María del Mar, additional, Gómez-Zorrilla, Silvia, additional, Sánchez Martínez, Francesca, additional, Lerma-Chippirraz, Elisabet, additional, García Vázquez, Elisa, additional, Moral Escudero, Encarnación, additional, Roura Piloto, Aychel Elena, additional, García Almodóvar, Esther, additional, Sáez Barberá, Carmen, additional, Karroud, Zineb, additional, Hernández Quero, José, additional, Vinuesa García, David, additional, García Fogeda, José Luis, additional, Peregrina, José Antonio, additional, Novella Mena, María, additional, Hernández Gutiérrez, Cristina, additional, Sanz Moreno, José, additional, Pérez Tanoira, Ramón, additional, Navarro López, Jorge, additional, Balsa Vázquez, Javier, additional, Gutiérrez García, Aida, additional, Arranz Caso, Alberto, additional, Cuadros González, Juan, additional, Álvarez de Mon Soto, Melchor, additional, Díaz De Brito Fernández, Vicente Ferrer, additional, Sanmarti Vilamala, Montserrat, additional, Gabarrell Pascuet, Aina, additional, Molina Morant, Daniel, additional, España Cueto, Sergio, additional, Cámara Fernández, Jonathan, additional, Sabater Gil, Albert, additional, Muñoz López, Laura, additional, Jorge García, Ruth, additional, Molina Torres, Nora, additional, Sempere Alcocer, Marco Antonio, additional, De Castro Vega, Francisco Javier, additional, De los Santos Gil, Ignacio, additional, García-Fraile, Lucio, additional, Sampedro Núñez, Miguel, additional, Barrios Blandino, Ana, additional, Rodríguez Franco, Carlos, additional, Useros Brañas, Daniel, additional, Villa Martí, Almudena, additional, Oliver Ortega, Javier, additional, Costanza Espiño Álvarez, Alexia, additional, Sanz Sanz, Jesús, additional, Rexach Fumaña, María, additional, Policarpo Torres, Guillem, additional, Ortega Montoliu, Meritxell, additional, Sala Jofre, Clara, additional, Casas Rodríguez, Susana, additional, Tortajada Alamilla, Cecilia, additional, Oltra, Carmina, additional, Masiá Canuto, Mar, additional, Gutiérrez Rodero, Félix, additional, Oltra Sempere, María Rosa, additional, Vela Berna, Sara, additional, Pedromingo Kus, Miguel, additional, Garcinuño, María Ángeles, additional, De la Vega, Alexandra, additional, Pérez Pinto, Sergio, additional, Hernández Machín, Pilar, additional, Alastrué Violeta, Alba, additional, Fariñas Álvarez, María Carmen, additional, González Rico, Claudia, additional, Arnaiz de las Revillas, Francisco, additional, Calvo, Jorge, additional, Gozalo, Mónica, additional, Mora Gómez, Francisco, additional, Milagro Beamonte, Ana, additional, Latorre-Millán, Miriam, additional, Rezusta López, Antonio, additional, Martínez Sapiña, Ana, additional, Meije, Yolanda, additional, Ribera Puig, Alba, additional, Ortega Enciso, Lucía, additional, Sanz Salvador, Xavier, additional, Losa García, Juan Emilio, additional, Velasco Arribas, María, additional, Pérez-Rodríguez, M. Teresa, additional, Pérez González, Alexandre, additional, Belhassen-García, Moncef, additional, Rodríguez-Alonso, Beatriz, additional, López-Bernus, Amparo, additional, Carbonell, Cristina, additional, Torres Perea, Rafael, additional, Cantón De Seoane, Juan, additional, Alonso, Blanca, additional, Kamal, Sara Lidia, additional, Cajuela, Lucía, additional, Roa, David, additional, Cervero, Miguel, additional, Oreja, Alberto, additional, Avilés, Juan Pablo, additional, Martín, Lidia, additional, Pelegrín Senent, Iván, additional, Rouco Esteves Marques, Rosana, additional, Parra Ruiz, Jorge, additional, Ramos Sesma, Violeta, additional, Abadia Otero, Jésica, additional, Salillas Hernando, Juan, additional, Torres Sánchez del Arco, Robert, additional, Torralba González de Suso, Miguel, additional, Serrano Martínez, Alberto, additional, Gilaberte Reyzábal, Sergio, additional, Pacheco Martínez-Atienza, Marina, additional, Liébana Gómez, Mónica, additional, Fernández Rodríguez, Sara, additional, Varela Plaza, Álvaro, additional, Calvo Sánchez, Henar, additional, Martínez Martín, Patricia, additional, González- Ruano, Patricia, additional, Malmierca Corral, Eduardo, additional, Rábago Lorite, Isabel, additional, Pérez-Monte Mínguez, Beatriz, additional, García Flores, Ángeles, additional, Comas Casanova, Pere, additional, Sirisi, Merce, additional, Rojas, Richard, additional, Díaz de Tuesta del Arco, José Luis, additional, Figueroa Cerón, Ruth, additional, González Sarria, Ander, additional, Alemán Valls, Remedios, additional, Alonso Socas, María del Mar, additional, Sanz Peláez, Oscar, additional, Mohamed Ramírez, Karim, additional, Riera Jaume, Melchor, additional, Vilchez, Helem Haydee, additional, Albertí, Francesc, additional, Cañabate, Ana Isabel, additional, Moreno Cuerda, Víctor J, additional, Álvarez Kaelis, Silvia, additional, Álvarez Zapatero, Beatriz, additional, García García, Alejandro, additional, Isaba Ares, Elena, additional, Morcate Fernández, Covadonga, additional, Pérez Rodríguez, Andrea, additional, Ramos Merino, Lucía, additional, Castelo Corral, Laura, additional, Rodríguez Mahía, María, additional, González Bardanca, Mónica, additional, Sánchez Vidal, Efrén, additional, Míguez Rey, Enrique, additional, Correa Ruiz, Ana, additional, García de Lomas Guerrero, José Mº, additional, Daniel López, Daniel, additional, Marinas, Rebeca, additional, Morando, Marta, additional, Gómez García, Lucía, additional, Boix Palop, Lucia, additional, Dietl Gómez-Luengo, Beatriz, additional, Pedrola Gorrea, Iris, additional, Blasco Claramunt, Amparo, additional, López Mestanza, Cristina, additional, Fraile Villarejo, Esther, additional, Jaén Sánchez, Nieves, additional, Orihuela Martín, Jorge, additional, Algado Rabasa, José Tomas, additional, Garijo Saiz, Ana María, additional, Amador Prous, Concepción, additional, Salavert Lletí, Miguel, additional, Hernández Belmonte, Adriana, additional, Martínez Goñi, Raquel, additional, Navarro Vilasaró, Marta, additional, Calzado Isbert, Sonia, additional, Cervantes García, Manuel, additional, Gomila Grange, Aina, additional, Gasch Blasi, Oriol, additional, Machado Sicilia, María Luisa, additional, Van den Eynde Otero, Eva, additional, Falgueras López, Luis, additional, Navarro Sáez, María del Carmen, additional, Martínez, Esteban, additional, Marcos, Mº Ángeles, additional, Mosquera, Mar, additional, Blanco, José Luis, additional, Laguno, Montserrat, additional, Rojas, Jhon, additional, González-Cordón, Ana, additional, Inciarte, Alexy, additional, Torres, Berta, additional, De la Mora, Lorena, additional, Soriano, Alex, additional, Martínez Macia, Olalla, additional, Pérez Doñate, Virginia, additional, Cabello Úbeda, Alfonso, additional, Carrasco Antón, Nerea, additional, Álvarez Álvarez, Beatriz, additional, Petkova Saiz, Elizabet, additional, Górgolas Hernández-Mora, Miguel, additional, Prieto Pérez, Laura, additional, Carrillo Acosta, Irene, additional, Heili Frades, Sara, additional, Villar Álvarez, Felipe, additional, Fernández Roblas, Ricardo, additional, Sánchez Pernaute, Olga, additional, Fernández Espinilla, Virginia, additional, Castrodeza Sanz, José Javier, additional, Dueñas Gutiérrez, Carlos Jesús, additional, González-Romo, Fernando, additional, Merino Amador, Paloma, additional, Rueda López, Alba, additional, Martínez Jordán, Jorge, additional, Medrano Pardo, Sara, additional, Díaz de la Torre, Irene, additional, Posada Franco, Yolanda, additional, Delgado-Iribarren, Alberto, additional, López-Contreras González, Joaquín, additional, Pascual Alonso, Pablo, additional, Pomar Solchaga, Virginia, additional, Rabella García, Nuria, additional, Benito Hernández, Natividad, additional, Domingo Pedrol, Pere, additional, Bonfill Cosp, Xavier, additional, Padrós Selma, Rafael, additional, Puig Campmany, Mireia, additional, Mancebo Cortés, Jordi, additional, Gurguí Ferrer, Mercè, additional, Íñigo Pestaña, Melania, additional, Pérez García, Alejandra, additional, Sorní Moreno, Patricia, additional, Izko Gartzia, Nora, additional, Membrillo de Novales, Francisco Javier, additional, Simón Sacristán, María, additional, Zamora Cintas, Maribel, additional, Martínez Martínez, Yolanda, additional, Estébanez Muñoz, Miriam, additional, Ramírez-Olivencia, Germán, additional, Herrero Mendoza, María Dolores, additional, De Dios García, Begoña, additional, Mata Forte, Tatiana, additional, Rodríguez Fernández, José María, additional, Sáez de Adana Arróniz, Ester, additional, Portu Zapirain, Joseba, additional, Gainzarain Arana, Juan Carlos, additional, Ortiz de Zárate Ibarra, Zuriñe, additional, Moran Rodríguez, Miguel Ángel, additional, Canut Blasco, Andrés, additional, Hernáez Crespo, Silvia, additional, Sanjosé Muñiz, Irene, additional, Molina Iturritza, Estíbaliz, additional, Ganchegui Aguirre, Maite, additional, Urrestarazu Larrañag, Miren, additional, De la Higuera Arranz, Carmen, additional, Álvarez Padín, Pilar, additional, Iglesias Llorente, Laura, additional, Román Bernal, Berta, additional, Sánchez Montalvá, Adrián, additional, Espinosa Pereiro, Juan, additional, Almirante, Benito, additional, Miarons, Marta, additional, Sellarés, Júlia, additional, Larrosa, María, additional, Villamarín, Miguel, additional, Fernández, Nuria, additional, Salvador, Fernando, additional, Bosch-Nicolau, Pau, additional, Pérez-Jorge Peremarch, Conchita, additional, Resino Foz, Elena, additional, Espigares Correa, Andrea, additional, Álvarez de Espejo Montiel, Teresa, additional, Navas Clemente, Iván, additional, Quijano Contreras, María Isabel, additional, Nieto Fernández del Campo, Luis Alberto, additional, Jiménez Álvarez, Guillermo, additional, Guillamón Sánchez, Mercedes, additional, García García, Josefina, additional, Muñoz Hornero, Constanza, additional, Cosmen Sánchez, Ana, additional, Mariño Callejo, Ana, additional, Valcarce Pardeiro, Nieves, additional, Smithson Amat, Alex, additional, Chico Chumillas, Cristina, additional, Sánchez Serrano, Adriana, additional, Piñar Cabezos, Diana, additional, Jiménez Martínez, Isabel, additional, Estrada Fernández, Guillermo, additional, Lorén Vargas, María, additional, Parra Arribas, Nuria, additional, Martínez Cilleros, Carmen, additional, Villasante de la Puente, Aránzazu, additional, García Delange, Teresa, additional, Ruiz Rodríguez, María José, additional, Robledo del Prado, Marta, additional, Abad Almendro, Juan Carlos, additional, Muñoz del Rey, José Román, additional, Jiménez Álvaro, Montaña, additional, Coy Coy, Javier, additional, Poquet Catala, Inmaculada, additional, Santos Peña, Marta, additional, Mora Delgado, Juan, additional, Manso Gómez, Tamara, additional, Rubio Obanos, Teresa, additional, Barbeito Castiñeiras, Gema, additional, Domínguez Santalla, María Jesús, additional, Mao Martín, Laura, additional, Adalid Moll, María, additional, Díaz Luperena, Javier, additional, Ruiz Grinspan, Martín Sebastián, additional, Barrós González, Raquel, additional, Herrera Pacheco, Lourdes, additional, Martínez Avilés, Rocío, additional, Rodrigo González, Sara, additional, Rodríguez Leal, Cristóbal Manuel, additional, Romay Lema, Eva María, additional, Suárez Gil, Roi, additional, Bustinduy Odriozola, Maria Jesús, additional, Marimón Ortiz de Zárate, José María, additional, Vidaur Tello, Loreto, additional, Kortajarena Urkola, Xabier, additional, Arriola Martínez, Paula, additional, Lartategi Iraurgi, Alazne, additional, Álvarez de Castro, Maria, additional, Martínez Mateu, Cintia María, additional, Rodríguez Gómez, Francisco, additional, Asschert Agüero, Isabel, additional, Chamarro Martí, Elena, additional, Franch Llasat, Diego, additional, Zakariya-Yousef Breval, Ismail, additional, Rico Rodríguez, Marta, additional, Martínez López, Belén, additional, García-López, María, additional, Fernández Cruz, Ana, additional, Calderón Parra, Jorge, additional, Ramos Martínez, Antonio, additional, Múñez Rubio, Elena, additional, Vázquez Comendador, José Manuel, additional, Diego Yagüe, Itziar, additional, Expósito Palomo, Esther, additional, Díaz de Santiago, Alberto, additional, De la Fuente Moral, Sara, additional, Pintos Pascual, Ilduara, additional, Álvarez Franco, Raquel, additional, Fernández de Orueta, Lucía, additional, Vates Gómez, Roberto, additional, Cardona Arias, Andrés Felipe, additional, Marguenda Contreras, Pablo, additional, Gaspar Alonso-Vega, Gabriel, additional, Aranda Rife, Elena María, additional, Martínez Cifre, Blanca, additional, Roger Zapata, Daniel, additional, Martín Rubio, Irene, additional, Barbosa Ventura, André, additional, Piñero, Iván, additional, Bahamonde Carrasco, Alberto, additional, Martínez Vidal, Ana, additional, Talavera García, Eva, additional, Mendoza Roy, Paula, additional, Urrutia Losada, Ainhoa, additional, Arteche Eguizabal, Lorea, additional, Delgado Sánchez, Elisabet, additional, Bañón Escandell, Sara, additional, Caro Bragado, Sarah, additional, Domínguez de Pablos, Gema, additional, Herrero Rodríguez, Carmen, additional, Liébana Martos, Carmen, additional, Force Sanmartín, Luis, additional, Aranega, Raquel, additional, Mera Fidalgo, Arantzazu, additional, Hortos Alsina, Miquel, additional, Merchante Gutiérrez, Nicolas, additional, León Jiménez, Eva María, additional, Del Pozo, José L, additional, Serralta Buades, Josefa, additional, Cabrera Tejada, Ginger Giorgiana, additional, Fernández-Ruiz, Mario, additional, Aguado, José María, additional, Maestro de la Calle, Guillermo, additional, Vizcarra, Pilar, additional, Rodriguez Dominguez, Mario José, additional, Gioia, Francesca, additional, Del Campo, Santos, additional, Cantón Moreno, Rafael, additional, Martín Dávila, Pilar, additional, Casado, José Luis, additional, Oteo Revuelta, José Antonio, additional, Santibáñez Sáenz, Paula, additional, Cervera Acedo, Cristina, additional, Ruiz Martínez, Carlos, additional, Blanco Ramos, José Ramón, additional, Azcona Gutiérrez, José M., additional, García García, Concepción, additional, Alba Fernández, Jorge, additional, Ibarra Cucalón, Valvanera, additional, San Franco, Mercedes, additional, Metola Sacristán, Luis, additional, Meijide Míguez, Héctor, additional, Gredilla Zubiría, Íñigo, additional, Menéndez, Justo, additional, Villares Fernández, Paula, additional, Montes Andújar, Lara, additional, Navarro Batet, Álvaro, additional, Ferrer Santolaria, Anna, additional, Padilla Salazar, María de la Luz, additional, Abella Vázquez, Lucy, additional, Hayek Peraza, Marcelino, additional, García Pardo, Antonio, additional, Hernández Carballo, Carolina, additional, Ruiz Fernández, Andrés Javier, additional, Barrio López, Isabel, additional, Martakoush, Alí, additional, Rojas-Vieyra, Agustín, additional, García Calvo, Sonia, additional, Villarreal García-Lomas, Mercedes, additional, Vizcaíno Callejón, Marta, additional, García García, María Pilar, additional, Lérida Urteaga, Ana, additional, Carrasco Fons, Natalia, additional, María Sanjuan, Beatriz, additional, Martín González, Lydia, additional, Sanz Zamudio, Camilo, additional, Alejos, Belén, additional, Moreno, Cristina, additional, Rava, Marta, additional, Iniesta, Carlos, additional, Izquierdo, Rebeca, additional, Suárez-García, Inés, additional, Díaz, Asunción, additional, Ruiz-Alguero, Marta, additional, Hernando, Victoria, additional, Frías, Jesús, additional, Ramírez, Elena, additional, Martín-Quirós, Alejandro, additional, Quintana-Díaz, Manuel, additional, Mingorance, Jesús, additional, Arnalich, Francisco, additional, Moreno, Francisco, additional, Figueiras, Juan Carlos, additional, García-Arenzana, Nicolás, additional, Montero-Vega, María Dolores, additional, Romero-Gómez, María Pilar, additional, Toro-Rueda, Carlos, additional, García-Bujalance, Silvia, additional, Ruiz-Carrascosa, Guillermo, additional, Cendejas-Bueno, Emilio, additional, Falces-Romero, Iker, additional, Lázaro-Perona, Fernando, additional, Ruiz-Bastián, Mario, additional, Gutiérrez-Arroyo, Almudena, additional, Girón De Velasco-Sada, Patricia, additional, Dahdouh, Elie, additional, Gómez-Arroyo, Bartolomé, additional, García-Sánchez, Consuelo, additional, Guedez-López, Virginia, additional, Bloise-Sánchez, Iván, additional, Alguacil-Guillén, Marina, additional, Liras-Hernández, Maria Gracia, additional, Sánchez-Castellano, Miguel Angel, additional, García-Clemente, Paloma, additional, González-Donapetry, Patricia, additional, San José-Villar, S, additional, de Pablos-Gómez,, Manuela, additional, Gómez-Gil, Rosa, additional, Corcuera-Pindado, Maria Teresa, additional, Rico-Nieto, Alicia, additional, Herrero, Alicia, additional, Prieto-Arribas, Daniel, additional, Oliver-Saez, Paloma, additional, Mora-Corcovado, Roberto, additional, Fernández-Calle, Pilar, additional, Alcaide-Martín, María José, additional, Díaz-Garzón, Jorge, additional, Fernández-Puntero, Belén, additional, Nuñez-Cabetas, Rocío, additional, Crespo-Sánchez, Gema, additional, Rodriguez-Fraga, Olaia, additional, Mendez del Sol, Helena, additional, Duque-Alcorta, Marta, additional, Gomez-Rioja, Rubén, additional, Sanz de Pedro, María, additional, Pascual-García, Lydia, additional, Segovia-Amaro, Marta, additional, Iturzaeta-Sánchez, Jose Manuel, additional, Rodriguez-Gutiérrez, Mercedes, additional, Perez-Garcia Morillón, Amparo, additional, Martinez Gallego, Miguel Angel, additional, Fabre-Estremera, Blanca, additional, Martinez-Chavez, Estefanía, additional, Moreno-Parra, Isabel, additional, Rodriguez-Roca, Neila, additional, Ortiz-Sánchez, Daniel, additional, Simon-Velasco, Manuela, additional, Gabriela-Tomoiu, Ileana, additional, Pizarro-Sanchez, Cristina, additional, Montero-San Martín, Blanca, additional, Qasem-Moreno, Ana Laila, additional, Gómez-López, Marta, additional, Casares Guerrero, Ismael, additional, Buño-Soto, Antonio, additional, Martí de Gracia, Milagros, additional, Parra-Gordo, Luz, additional, Diez-Tascón, Aurea, additional, Ossaba-Vélez, Silvia, additional, Pinilla, Inmaculada, additional, Cuesta, Emilio, additional, Fernández-Velilla, María, additional, Torres, Maria Isabel, additional, Garzón, Gonzalo, additional, Pérez-Blanco, Verónica, additional, Quintás-Viqueira, Almudena, additional, San Juan, Isabel, additional, Cantero-Escribano, José Miguel, additional, Pérez-Romero, César, additional, Castro-Martínez, Mercedes, additional, Hernández-Rivas, Lucía, additional, Pedraz, Teresa, additional, Fernández-Bretón, Eva, additional, García-Vaz, Claudia, additional, Robustillo-Rodela, Ana, additional, Torres Santos-Olmo, Rosario María, additional, Rivera-Núñez, Angélica, additional, Fernández-Fernández, Ignacio, additional, Noguerol-Gutiérrez, Marina, additional, Martínez-Virto, Ana María, additional, González-Viñolis, Manuel, additional, Cabrera-Gamero, Regina, additional, Mayayo-Alvira, Rosa, additional, Marín-Baselga, Raquel, additional, Lo-Iacono García, Victoria, additional, Lerín-Baratas, Macarena, additional, Romero Gallego-Acho, Paloma, additional, Reche-Martínez, Begoña, additional, Tejada-Sorados, Renzo, additional, Rico-Briñas, Mikel, additional, Deza-Palacios, Ricardo, additional, Fabra-Cadenas, Sara, additional, Arroyo-Rico, Isabel, additional, Ben-Abdellah, Lubna Dani, additional, Labajo-Montero, Laura, additional, Soriano-Arroyo, Rubén, additional, López-Corcuer, Lorena, additional, Calvin-García, Elena, additional, Martínez-Álvarez, Susana, additional, López-Tappero Irazábal, Laura, additional, Pilares-Barco, Martín, additional, González-Peña, Olga, additional, Bejarano-Redondo, Guillermina, additional, Iglesias-Sigüenza, Alberto, additional, Tung-Chen, Yale, additional, Maroun Eid, Charbel, additional, Bravo-Lizcano, Ruth, additional, Silvestre-Niño, Miguel, additional, Perdomo-García, Frank, additional, Alonso-González, Berta, additional, Antón-Huguet, Berta, additional, Arenas-Berenguer, Isabel, additional, Cabré-Verdiell Surribas, Clara, additional, Marqués-González, Francisco, additional, Muñoz del Val, Elena, additional, Ángeles Molina, María, additional, Cancelliere-Fernández, Nataly, additional, Pastor-Yvorra, Sivia, additional, Frade-Pardo, Laura, additional, López-Arévalo, Paloma, additional, García, Isabel, additional, Fernández-Capitán, Carmen, additional, González-Garcia, Juan José, additional, Herrero, Juan, additional, Quesada Simón, María Angustias, additional, Robles Marhuenda, Angel, additional, Soto Abanedes, Clara, additional, Noblejas Mozo, Ana María, additional, Ramos, Juan Carlos, additional, Jaras Hernandez, María Jesús, additional, Martinez Robles, Elena, additional, Moreno Fernandez, Alberto, additional, Sanchez Purificación, Aquilino, additional, Martin Gutiérrez, Juan Carlos, additional, Martinez Hernández, Pedro Luis, additional, Sancho Bueso, Teresa, additional, Lorenzo Hernández, Alicia, additional, Gutierrez Sancerni, Belén, additional, Salgueiro, Giorgina, additional, Martin Carbonero, Luz, additional, Mostaza, Jose María, additional, Martinez-López, María Angeles, additional, Hontañón, Victor, additional, Menéndez, Araceli, additional, Alvarez Troncoso, Jorge, additional, Castellano, Arancha, additional, Marcelo-Calvo, Cristina, additional, Vives-Beltrán, Ivo, additional, Ramos Ruperto, Luis, additional, Daroca-Bengoa, Germán, additional, Arcos Rueda, María, additional, Vasquez-Manau, Julia, additional, Fernández Cidón, Pelayo, additional, Rosario Herrero Gil, Carmen, additional, Palmier Peláez, Esmeralda, additional, Untoria Tabares, Yeray, additional, Lahoz, Carlos, additional, Estirado, Eva, additional, Hernández, Clara, additional, Garcia-Iglesias, Francisca, additional, Monteoliva, Enrique, additional, Martínez, Mónica, additional, Vara, Marta, additional, González Alegre, Teresa, additional, Valencia, Maria Eulalia, additional, Moreno, Victoria, additional, Montes, Maria Luisa, additional, Alcolea-Batres, Sergio, additional, Cabanillas-Martín, Juan José, additional, Carpio-Segura, Carlos, additional, Casitas-Mateo, Raquel, additional, Fernández-Bujarrabal Villoslada, Jaime, additional, Fernández-Navarro, Isabel, additional, Fernández-Lahera, Juan, additional, García-Quero, Cristina, additional, Hidalgo-Sánchez, María, additional, Galera-Martínez, Raúl, additional, García-Río, Francisco, additional, Gómez-Carrera, Luis, additional, Gómez-Mendieta, María Antonia, additional, Mangas-Moro, Alberto, additional, Martínez-Cerón, Elisabet, additional, Martínez-Redondo, María, additional, Martínez-Abad, Yolanda, additional, Martínez-Verdasco, Antonio, additional, Plaza-Moreno, Cristina, additional, Quirós-Fernández, Sarai, additional, Romera-Cano, Delia, additional, Romero-Ribate, David, additional, Sánchez-Sánchez, Begoña, additional, Santiago-Recuerda, Ana, additional, Villasante, Carlos, additional, Zamarrón de Lucas, Ester, additional, Arnalich-Montiel, Victoria, additional, Mariscal-Aguilar, Pablo, additional, Falcone, Adalgisa, additional, Laorden-Escudero, Daniel, additional, Prados Sánchez, María Concepción, additional, Álvarez-Sala Walther, Rodolfo, additional, García, Andony, additional, Arévalo, Cristina, additional, Gutiérrez, Carola, additional, Yus, Santiago, additional, Asensio, Maria José, additional, Sánchez, Manolo, additional, Añón, Jose Manuel, additional, Manzanares, Jesús, additional, García de Lorenzo, Abelardo, additional, Perales, Eva, additional, Civantos, Belén, additional, Cachafeiro, Lucía, additional, Agrifoglio, Alexander, additional, Estébanez, Belén, additional, Flores, Eva, additional, Hernández, Mónica, additional, Millán, Pablo, additional, Rodríguez, Montserrat, additional, Nanwani, Kapil, additional, Arizcun, Beatriz, additional, Pérez-Costa, Elena, additional, Rodríguez-Álvarez, Diego, additional, Sánchez-Martín, María, additional, Quesada, Úrsula, additional, Román-Hernández, Carmen, additional, Dorao, Paloma, additional, Álvarez-Rojas, Elena, additional, Menéndez, Juan José, additional, Verdú, Cristina, additional, Gómez-Zamora, Ana, additional, Schüffelmann, Cristina, additional, Calderón-Llopis, Belén, additional, Laplaza-González, María, additional, Río-García, Miguel, additional, Amores-Hernández, Irene, additional, Rodríguez-Rubio, Miguel, additional, de la Oliva, Pedro, additional, Ruiz, Jose, additional, Rosillo, Sandra, additional, González, Oscar, additional, Iniesta, Angel, additional, Ponz, Ines, additional, Muñoz-Ramón, José María, additional, Hernández-Gancedo, María, additional, Uña Orejón, Carmen R., additional, Sanabria-Carretero, Pascual, additional, Moreno Gómez-Limón, Isidro, additional, Seiz-Martinez, Alverio, additional, Guasch-Arévalo, Emilia, additional, Martín-Carrasco, Cristina, additional, Alvar, Elena, additional, Serrá, Lucía, additional, Iannuccelli, Fabricio, additional, Latorre, Julieta, additional, Casares, Sandra, additional, Valbuena, Isabel, additional, Díaz Díez Picazo, Luis, additional, Rodríguez Roca, Cristina, additional, Cervera, Omar, additional, García de las Heras, Esteban, additional, Durán, Pilar, additional, Castro, Carmen, additional, Manrique de Lara, Carlos, additional, Veganzones, Javier, additional, López-Tofiño, Araceli, additional, Fernandez-Cerezo, Estefanía, additional, Zurita, Sergio, additional, López-Martinez, Mercedes, additional, Prim, Teresa, additional, Alvárez del Vayo, Julía, additional, Alcaraz, Gabriela, additional, Castro, Luis, additional, Yagüe, Julio, additional, Díaz-Carrasco, Sofía, additional, González-Pizarro, Patricio, additional, Montero, Ana, additional, Sagra, Francisco Javier, additional, Suárez, Alejandro, additional, Díez-Porres, Leyre, additional, Varela-Cerdeira, María, additional, Alonso-Babarro, Alberto, additional, Abellán Martínez, Francisco, additional, Alonso-Eiras, Jorge Ignacio, additional, Álvarez Brandt, Alejandra, additional, Archinà, Martina, additional, Arribas-Terradillos, Silvia, additional, Baselga-Puente, Trinidad, additional, Barco Núñez, Pilar, additional, Barrera-López, Natalia Guadalupe, additional, Barrera-López, Lorena, additional, Bartrina-Tarrio, Andres, additional, Bassani, Gemma, additional, Betancort de la Torre, Paula, additional, Blanco-Bartolomé, Irene, additional, Blasco-Andres, Celia, additional, Brieba-Plata, Lucía, additional, Cadenas-Gota, Fernando, additional, Carrera-Vázquez, Paloma, additional, Cascajares-Sanz, Carlota, additional, Catino, Arianna, additional, Cavallé-Pulla, Raquel, additional, Ceniza-Pena, Daniel, additional, Conde-Alonso, Ylenia María, additional, Currás-Sánchez, Laura, additional, Daltro-Lage, Marcelo, additional, Esteban-Romero, Ana, additional, Fernández Vidal, María Luisa, additional, Ferrer Ortiz, Inés, additional, de la Fuente Regaño, Lydia, additional, Galindo-Ballesteros, Pablo, additional, Garcia-Bellido Ruiz, Sara, additional, García-Mochales Fortún, Carlos, additional, Gómez-Ballesteros, Teresa, additional, Gómez-Domínguez, Cecilia, additional, González-Aguado, Nelsa, additional, González-García, Sofía, additional, Guisández Martín, Jorge, additional, Hernández-Liebo, Paula Alejandra, additional, Hernando Nieto, Raquel, additional, Llorente-Cortijo, Irene María, additional, Marín-García, Antonio, additional, López-Pirez, Pilar, additional, Mejuto-Illade, Lucía, additional, Palma, Marco, additional, Peña-Hidalgo, Adrian, additional, Platero-Dueñas, Lucía, additional, Pujol-Pocull, David, additional, Ramírez-Verdyguer, Miguel, additional, Redondo-Gutierrez, Marta, additional, Reinoso-Lozano, Francisco, additional, Rodríguez-Revillas, Ana, additional, Rodríguez Saenz de Urturi, Alejandro, additional, Romero-Imaz, Lucía, additional, Sánchez-Rico, Susana, additional, Sánchez-Santiuste, Mónica, additional, Serrano de la Fuente, Patricia, additional, Serrano-Martín, Henar, additional, Silva-Freire, Thamires, additional, Soria-Alcaide, Eva, additional, Suárez-Plaza, Andrés Enrique, additional, Tejero-Soriano, Beatriz, additional, Torrecillas-Mainez, Andrea, additional, Torres-Cortés, Javier, additional, Valentín-Pastrana Aguilar, María de las Mercedes, additional, Villanueva-Freije, Angélica, additional, Virgós-Varela, Marta, additional, Yagüe-Barrado, Marta, additional, Yustas-Benitez, Natalia, additional, Nuñez, María Concepción, additional, Montserrat, Jaime, additional, Queiruga, Javier, additional, Rodriguez-Mariblanca, Amelia, additional, Martínez de Soto, Lucía, additional, Urroz, Mikel, additional, Seco, Enrique, additional, Zubimendi, Mónica, additional, Stuart, Stephan, additional, Díaz, Lucía, additional, García, Irene, additional, García Morales, María Teresa, additional, Martín-Vega, Alberto, additional, Caro, Abel, additional, and Martínez-Alés, Gonzalo, additional
Published: 2021
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196. β-Lactam allergy delabeling is safe and saves costs in Primary Care

Author: Quiralte, Joaquín, del Robledo Ávila, María, Domínguez, Isabel, Menéndez, Estela, Cisneros, José Miguel, and Guisado, Ana Belén
Abstract: To determine whether the β-lactam allergy delabeling was safe and cost-saving in Primary Care (PC) patients.
Published: 2024
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197. Management of urinary tract infection in solid organ transplant recipients: Consensus statement of the Group for the Study of Infection in Transplant Recipients (GESITRA) of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) and the Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases (REIPI)

Author: Vidal, Elisa, Cervera, Carlos, Cordero, Elisa, Armiñanzas, Carlos, Carratalá, Jordi, Cisneros, José Miguel, Fariñas, M. Carmen, López-Medrano, Francisco, Moreno, Asunción, Muñoz, Patricia, Origüen, Julia, Sabé, Núria, Valerio, Maricela, and Torre-Cisneros, Julián
Published: 2015
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198. Diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment of invasive infections due to multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae. Guidelines of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology

Author: Rodríguez-Baño, Jesús, Cisneros, José Miguel, Cobos-Trigueros, Nazaret, Fresco, Gema, Navarro-San Francisco, Carolina, Gudiol, Carlota, Horcajada, Juan Pablo, López-Cerero, Lorena, Martínez, José Antonio, Molina, José, Montero, Milagro, Paño-Pardo, José R., Pascual, Alvaro, Peña, Carmen, Pintado, Vicente, Retamar, Pilar, Tomás, María, Borges-Sa, Marcio, Garnacho-Montero, José, and Bou, Germán
Published: 2015
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199. Predicting outcome in COVID-19 patients

Author: Salto-Alejandre, Sonsoles, Roca-Oporto, Cristina, Martín-Gutiérrez, Guillermo, Avilés, María Dolores, Gómez-González, Carmen, Navarro-Amuedo, María Dolores, Praena-Segovia, Julia, Molina Gil-Bermejo, José, Paniagua-García, María, García-Delgado, Horacio, Domínguez-Petit, Antonio, Pachón, Jerónimo, and Cisneros, José Miguel
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Quick prediction tool, Unfavourable outcomeInternal validation
Abstract: As COVID-19 pandemic continues to escalate, hospitals around the world confront with the need to attend an increasing number of patients. Therefore, we read with much interest the recent study published in the Journal of Infection by Galloway JB et al., reinforcing the importance of stratifying patients to ease their management and their incorporation to potential clinical trials [1]. For this purpose, these authors developed a valuable and complex risk score based on twelve parameters, including, among others, age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic lung disease. Since knowing the risk of clinical deterioration can assist medical decisions about appropriate level of care, predictive models for COVID-19 are becoming notably frequent. However, many of them are notably biased, non-validated, or present a construction lacking in clarity [2,3]. Moreover, they often conclude that male older patients with comorbidities are more likely to experience unfavourable outcomes [4,5], even when such determinants are already well-known predictors of worse result in community-acquired pneumonia [6]. Although the medical assessment of patients must always address demographics and underlying comorbidities, it is known that the evaluation of disease severity and prognosis should not only depend on the above-mentioned risk markers.
Published: 2020

200. Seguridad y desarrollo: traducción y planteamiento académico de un binomio indisoluble

Author: Crespo Alcazar, Alfredo, Calvillo Cisneros, José Miguel, and Universidad de Nebrija, Universidad de Nebrija
Subjects: Organismos internacionales, Derechos humanos, Desarrollo económico, Guerra, Relaciones internacionales
Abstract: Con la propuesta que a continuación exponemos, nos gustaría mostrar cómo las relaciones, interacciones y complementariedad entre las cuestiones que aluden, por un lado, a la cooperación y al desarrollo y, por otro a la seguridad y defensa, pueden observarse también en las asignaturas impartidas por quienes sugieren la presente comunicación. Al respecto, ha resultado recurrente, en particular tras el 11-S, el carácter integral de las diferentes estrategias de seguridad y de las diversas estrategias contra el terrorismo aprobadas por gobiernos nacionales y organizaciones supranacionales. En efecto, el aludido carácter integral de la seguridad ha otorgado, asimismo, un lugar estratégico a la cooperación al desarrollo, bien para evitar la irrupción de conflictos, bien en la fase de reconstrucción post-bélica. Por tanto, la seguridad se ha convertido en una condición necesaria para el desarrollo de países y regiones fallidos. No obstante, a la hora de garantizar esa seguridad, además de la obligatoria participación de las Fuerzas y Cuerpos de Seguridad tanto nacionales como internacionales, también han ido asumiendo notable protagonismo actores representantes de la sociedad civil, como por ejemplo las ONG.
Published: 2020

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