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112,740 results on '"Cho P"'

151. DH type II radio bursts during solar cycles 23-25: Origin and association with solar eruptive events

Author

Joshi, Bhuwan, Patel, Binal D., Cho, Kyung-Suk, and Kim, Rok-Soon

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We analyses occurrence of DH type II solar radio bursts spanning over solar cycles 23-25 during which a total of 590 DH type II bursts are reported with confirmed 568 and 462 cases of associated CME and flares, respectively. We find short-term yet important differences in DH type II activity when the data is examined in terms of event counts and their durations, e.g., temporal shift in the peak activity during cycle 24 and variation in the growth rate of the activity level during cycle 25. For an in-depth exploration, DH type II bursts are classified in 3 categories based on their end-frequencies: Low-, Medium-, and High- Frequency Groups (LFG, MFG, and HFG, respectively). The HFG category is the most populous (~47 %) while the LFG category occupy about a quarter of the events (~24 %). The LFG events show a clear inclination toward fastest CMEs and X-class flares with a quarter of events exhibiting end frequency below 50 MHz., Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 388

Published
2024

152. Boosting Generalizability towards Zero-Shot Cross-Dataset Single-Image Indoor Depth by Meta-Initialization

Author

Wu, Cho-Ying, Zhong, Yiqi, Wang, Junying, and Neumann, Ulrich

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

Indoor robots rely on depth to perform tasks like navigation or obstacle detection, and single-image depth estimation is widely used to assist perception. Most indoor single-image depth prediction focuses less on model generalizability to unseen datasets, concerned with in-the-wild robustness for system deployment. This work leverages gradient-based meta-learning to gain higher generalizability on zero-shot cross-dataset inference. Unlike the most-studied meta-learning of image classification associated with explicit class labels, no explicit task boundaries exist for continuous depth values tied to highly varying indoor environments regarding object arrangement and scene composition. We propose fine-grained task that treats each RGB-D mini-batch as a task in our meta-learning formulation. We first show that our method on limited data induces a much better prior (max 27.8% in RMSE). Then, finetuning on meta-learned initialization consistently outperforms baselines without the meta approach. Aiming at generalization, we propose zero-shot cross-dataset protocols and validate higher generalizability induced by our meta-initialization, as a simple and useful plugin to many existing depth estimation methods. The work at the intersection of depth and meta-learning potentially drives both research to step closer to practical robotic and machine perception usage., Comment: IROS 2024. The version supersedes 2305.07269. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.07269

Published
2024

153. Fast, High-Quality and Parameter-Efficient Articulatory Synthesis using Differentiable DSP

Author

Liu, Yisi, Yu, Bohan, Lin, Drake, Wu, Peter, Cho, Cheol Jun, and Anumanchipalli, Gopala Krishna

Subjects
Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Sound
Abstract

Articulatory trajectories like electromagnetic articulography (EMA) provide a low-dimensional representation of the vocal tract filter and have been used as natural, grounded features for speech synthesis. Differentiable digital signal processing (DDSP) is a parameter-efficient framework for audio synthesis. Therefore, integrating low-dimensional EMA features with DDSP can significantly enhance the computational efficiency of speech synthesis. In this paper, we propose a fast, high-quality, and parameter-efficient DDSP articulatory vocoder that can synthesize speech from EMA, F0, and loudness. We incorporate several techniques to solve the harmonics / noise imbalance problem, and add a multi-resolution adversarial loss for better synthesis quality. Our model achieves a transcription word error rate (WER) of 6.67% and a mean opinion score (MOS) of 3.74, with an improvement of 1.63% and 0.16 compared to the state-of-the-art (SOTA) baseline. Our DDSP vocoder is 4.9x faster than the baseline on CPU during inference, and can generate speech of comparable quality with only 0.4M parameters, in contrast to the 9M parameters required by the SOTA., Comment: accepted for Spoken Language Technology Workshop 2024

Published
2024

154. On the design space between molecular mechanics and machine learning force fields

Author

Wang, Yuanqing, Takaba, Kenichiro, Chen, Michael S., Wieder, Marcus, Xu, Yuzhi, Zhu, Tong, Zhang, John Z. H., Nagle, Arnav, Yu, Kuang, Wang, Xinyan, Cole, Daniel J., Rackers, Joshua A., Cho, Kyunghyun, Greener, Joe G., Eastman, Peter, Martiniani, Stefano, and Tuckerman, Mark E.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Physics - Biological Physics, Physics - Computational Physics
Abstract

A force field as accurate as quantum mechanics (QM) and as fast as molecular mechanics (MM), with which one can simulate a biomolecular system efficiently enough and meaningfully enough to get quantitative insights, is among the most ardent dreams of biophysicists -- a dream, nevertheless, not to be fulfilled any time soon. Machine learning force fields (MLFFs) represent a meaningful endeavor towards this direction, where differentiable neural functions are parametrized to fit ab initio energies, and furthermore forces through automatic differentiation. We argue that, as of now, the utility of the MLFF models is no longer bottlenecked by accuracy but primarily by their speed (as well as stability and generalizability), as many recent variants, on limited chemical spaces, have long surpassed the chemical accuracy of $1$ kcal/mol -- the empirical threshold beyond which realistic chemical predictions are possible -- though still magnitudes slower than MM. Hoping to kindle explorations and designs of faster, albeit perhaps slightly less accurate MLFFs, in this review, we focus our attention on the design space (the speed-accuracy tradeoff) between MM and ML force fields. After a brief review of the building blocks of force fields of either kind, we discuss the desired properties and challenges now faced by the force field development community, survey the efforts to make MM force fields more accurate and ML force fields faster, envision what the next generation of MLFF might look like.

Published
2024

155. Randomized Submanifold Subgradient Method for Optimization over Stiefel Manifolds

Author

Cheung, Andy Yat-Ming, Wang, Jinxin, Yue, Man-Chung, and So, Anthony Man-Cho

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

Optimization over Stiefel manifolds has found wide applications in many scientific and engineering domains. Despite considerable research effort, high-dimensional optimization problems over Stiefel manifolds remain challenging, and the situation is exacerbated by nonsmooth objective functions. The purpose of this paper is to propose and study a novel coordinate-type algorithm for weakly convex (possibly nonsmooth) optimization problems over high-dimensional Stiefel manifolds, named randomized submanifold subgradient method (RSSM). Similar to coordinate-type algorithms in the Euclidean setting, RSSM exhibits low per-iteration cost and is suitable for high-dimensional problems. We prove that RSSM converges to the set of stationary points and attains $\varepsilon$-stationary points with respect to a natural stationarity measure in $\mathcal{O}(\varepsilon^{-4})$ iterations in both expectation and the almost-sure senses. To the best of our knowledge, these are the first convergence guarantees for coordinate-type algorithms to optimize nonconvex nonsmooth functions over Stiefel manifolds. An important technical tool in our convergence analysis is a new Riemannian subgradient inequality for weakly convex functions on proximally smooth matrix manifolds, which could be of independent interest.

Published
2024

156. Duplex: A Device for Large Language Models with Mixture of Experts, Grouped Query Attention, and Continuous Batching

Author

Yun, Sungmin, Kyung, Kwanhee, Cho, Juhwan, Choi, Jaewan, Kim, Jongmin, Kim, Byeongho, Lee, Sukhan, Sohn, Kyomin, and Ahn, Jung Ho

Subjects
Computer Science - Hardware Architecture, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged due to their capability to generate high-quality content across diverse contexts. To reduce their explosively increasing demands for computing resources, a mixture of experts (MoE) has emerged. The MoE layer enables exploiting a huge number of parameters with less computation. Applying state-of-the-art continuous batching increases throughput; however, it leads to frequent DRAM access in the MoE and attention layers. We observe that conventional computing devices have limitations when processing the MoE and attention layers, which dominate the total execution time and exhibit low arithmetic intensity (Op/B). Processing MoE layers only with devices targeting low-Op/B such as processing-in-memory (PIM) architectures is challenging due to the fluctuating Op/B in the MoE layer caused by continuous batching. To address these challenges, we propose Duplex, which comprises xPU tailored for high-Op/B and Logic-PIM to effectively perform low-Op/B operation within a single device. Duplex selects the most suitable processor based on the Op/B of each layer within LLMs. As the Op/B of the MoE layer is at least 1 and that of the attention layer has a value of 4-8 for grouped query attention, prior PIM architectures are not efficient, which place processing units inside DRAM dies and only target extremely low-Op/B (under one) operations. Based on recent trends, Logic-PIM adds more through-silicon vias (TSVs) to enable high-bandwidth communication between the DRAM die and the logic die and place powerful processing units on the logic die, which is best suited for handling low-Op/B operations ranging from few to a few dozens. To maximally utilize the xPU and Logic-PIM, we propose expert and attention co-processing., Comment: 15 pages, 16 figures, accepted at MICRO 2024

Published
2024

157. Generalized Continuous-Time Models for Nesterov's Accelerated Gradient Methods

Author

Park, Chanwoong, Cho, Youngchae, and Yang, Insoon

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Recent research has indicated a substantial rise in interest in understanding Nesterov's accelerated gradient methods via their continuous-time models. However, most existing studies focus on specific classes of Nesterov's methods, which hinders the attainment of an in-depth understanding and a unified perspective. To address this deficit, we present generalized continuous-time models that cover a broad range of Nesterov's methods, including those previously studied under existing continuous-time frameworks. Our key contributions are as follows. First, we identify the convergence rates of the generalized models, eliminating the need to determine the convergence rate for any specific continuous-time model derived from them. Second, we show that six existing continuous-time models are special cases of our generalized models, thereby positioning our framework as a unifying tool for analyzing and understanding these models. Third, we design a restart scheme for Nesterov's methods based on our generalized models and show that it ensures a monotonic decrease in objective function values. Owing to the broad applicability of our models, this scheme can be used to a broader class of Nesterov's methods compared to the original restart scheme. Fourth, we uncover a connection between our generalized models and gradient flow in continuous time, showing that the accelerated convergence rates of our generalized models can be attributed to a time reparametrization in gradient flow. Numerical experiment results are provided to support our theoretical analyses and results.

Published
2024

158. SonoHaptics: An Audio-Haptic Cursor for Gaze-Based Object Selection in XR

Author

Cho, Hyunsung, Sendhilnathan, Naveen, Nebeling, Michael, Wang, Tianyi, Padmanabhan, Purnima, Browder, Jonathan, Lindlbauer, David, Jonker, Tanya R., and Todi, Kashyap

Subjects
Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, H.5.1, H.5.2, H.5.5
Abstract

We introduce SonoHaptics, an audio-haptic cursor for gaze-based 3D object selection. SonoHaptics addresses challenges around providing accurate visual feedback during gaze-based selection in Extended Reality (XR), e.g., lack of world-locked displays in no- or limited-display smart glasses and visual inconsistencies. To enable users to distinguish objects without visual feedback, SonoHaptics employs the concept of cross-modal correspondence in human perception to map visual features of objects (color, size, position, material) to audio-haptic properties (pitch, amplitude, direction, timbre). We contribute data-driven models for determining cross-modal mappings of visual features to audio and haptic features, and a computational approach to automatically generate audio-haptic feedback for objects in the user's environment. SonoHaptics provides global feedback that is unique to each object in the scene, and local feedback to amplify differences between nearby objects. Our comparative evaluation shows that SonoHaptics enables accurate object identification and selection in a cluttered scene without visual feedback., Comment: UIST 2024

Published
2024
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159. Hierarchically Structured Neural Bones for Reconstructing Animatable Objects from Casual Videos

Author

Jeon, Subin, Cho, In, Kim, Minsu, Cho, Woong Oh, and Kim, Seon Joo

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

We propose a new framework for creating and easily manipulating 3D models of arbitrary objects using casually captured videos. Our core ingredient is a novel hierarchy deformation model, which captures motions of objects with a tree-structured bones. Our hierarchy system decomposes motions based on the granularity and reveals the correlations between parts without exploiting any prior structural knowledge. We further propose to regularize the bones to be positioned at the basis of motions, centers of parts, sufficiently covering related surfaces of the part. This is achieved by our bone occupancy function, which identifies whether a given 3D point is placed within the bone. Coupling the proposed components, our framework offers several clear advantages: (1) users can obtain animatable 3D models of the arbitrary objects in improved quality from their casual videos, (2) users can manipulate 3D models in an intuitive manner with minimal costs, and (3) users can interactively add or delete control points as necessary. The experimental results demonstrate the efficacy of our framework on diverse instances, in reconstruction quality, interpretability and easier manipulation. Our code is available at https://github.com/subin6/HSNB., Comment: ECCV 2024 accepted

Published
2024

160. Charged-impurity free printing-based diffusion doping in molybdenum disulfide field-effect transistors

Author

Jeong, Inho, Yang, Jiwoo, Jang, Juntae, Cho, Daeheum, Kwon, Deok-Hwang, Kim, Jae-Keun, Lee, Takhee, Cho, Kyungjune, and Chung, Seungjun

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

In practical electronic applications, where doping is crucial to exploit large-area two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, surface charge transfer doping (SCTD) has emerged as a promising strategy to tailor their electrical characteristics. However, impurity scattering caused by resultant ionized dopants, after donating or withdrawing carriers, hinders transport in 2D semiconductor layers, limiting the carrier mobility. Here, we propose a diffusion doping method for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown molybdenum disulfide that avoids interference from charged impurities. Selectively inkjet-printed dopants were introduced only on the contact region, allowing excessively donated electrons to diffuse to the channel layer due to the electron density difference. Therefore, diffusion-doped molybdenum disulfide FETs do not have undesirable charged impurities on the channel, exhibiting over two-fold higher field-effect mobility compared with conventional direct-doped ones. Our study paves the way for a new doping strategy that simultaneously suppresses charged impurity scattering and facilitates the tailoring of the SCTD effect.

Published
2024

161. Determination of $|V_{ub}|$ from simultaneous measurements of untagged $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ and $B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}$ decays

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dorner, D., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Granderath, S., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Leo, P., Lemettais, C., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Prudiiev, I., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a measurement of $|V_{ub}|$ from a simultaneous study of the charmless semileptonic decays $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ and $B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}$, where $\ell = e, \mu$. This measurement uses a data sample of 387 million $B\overline{B}$ meson pairs recorded by the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB electron-positron collider between 2019 and 2022. The two decays are reconstructed without identifying the partner $B$ mesons. We simultaneously measure the differential branching fractions of $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ and $B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}$ decays as functions of $q^2$ (momentum transfer squared). From these, we obtain total branching fractions $B(B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}) = (1.516 \pm 0.042 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.059 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$ and $B(B^+\to\rho^0 \ell^+\nu_{\ell}) = (1.625 \pm 0.079 (\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.180 (\mathrm{syst})) \times 10^{-4}$. By fitting the measured $B^0\to\pi^- \ell^+ \nu_{\ell}$ partial branching fractions as functions of $q^2$, together with constraints on the non-perturbative hadronic contribution from lattice QCD calculations, we obtain $|V_{ub}|$ = $(3.93 \pm 0.09 \pm 0.13 \pm 0.19) \times 10^{-3}$. Here, the first uncertainty is statistical, the second is systematic, and the third is theoretical.

Published
2024

162. Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture for Self-Supervised Learning of Mask Classification Architecture

Author

Kim, Dong-Hee, Cho, Sungduk, Cho, Hyeonwoo, Park, Chanmin, Kim, Jinyoung, and Kim, Won Hwa

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

In this work, we introduce Mask-JEPA, a self-supervised learning framework tailored for mask classification architectures (MCA), to overcome the traditional constraints associated with training segmentation models. Mask-JEPA combines a Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture with MCA to adeptly capture intricate semantics and precise object boundaries. Our approach addresses two critical challenges in self-supervised learning: 1) extracting comprehensive representations for universal image segmentation from a pixel decoder, and 2) effectively training the transformer decoder. The use of the transformer decoder as a predictor within the JEPA framework allows proficient training in universal image segmentation tasks. Through rigorous evaluations on datasets such as ADE20K, Cityscapes and COCO, Mask-JEPA demonstrates not only competitive results but also exceptional adaptability and robustness across various training scenarios. The architecture-agnostic nature of Mask-JEPA further underscores its versatility, allowing seamless adaptation to various mask classification family., Comment: 27 pages, 5 figures

Published
2024

163. Measurement of $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^0_S \pi^0 \gamma$ decays at Belle II

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chen, C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dorner, D., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Leo, P., Levit, D., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lin, Y. -R., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, H., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Otani, F., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Panta, A., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Prudiiev, I., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Ravindran, K., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uematsu, Y., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xie, Y., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y., Zhilich, V., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report measurements of time-dependent $CP$ asymmetries in $B^0 \to K^0_S \pi^0 \gamma$ decays based on a data sample of $(388\pm6)\times10^6$ $B\bar{B}$ events collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the Belle II detector. The Belle II experiment operates at the SuperKEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider. We measure decay-time distributions to determine $CP$-violating parameters $S$ and $C$. We determine these parameters for two ranges of $K^0_S \pi^0$ invariant mass: $m(K^0_S \pi^0)\in (0.8, 1.0)$ $GeV/c^2$, which is dominated by $B^0 \to K^{*0} (\to K^0_S \pi^0) \gamma$ decays, and a complementary region $m(K^0_S \pi^0)\in (0.6, 0.8)\cup(1.0, 1.8)$ $GeV/c^2$. Our results have improved precision as compared to previous measurements and are consistent with theory predictions., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

164. Measurement of branching fractions, CP asymmetry, and isospin asymmetry for $\boldsymbol{B\rightarrow\rho\gamma}$ decays using Belle and Belle II data

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Oskin, P., Otani, F., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Panta, A., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uematsu, Y., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y., Zhilich, V., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., and Zhukova, V. I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present measurements of $B^{+}\rightarrow\rho^{+}\gamma$ and $B^{0}\rightarrow\rho^{0}\gamma$ decays using a combined data sample of $772 \times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle experiment and $387\times 10^6$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs collected by the Belle II experiment in $e^{+}e^{-}$ collisions at the $\Upsilon (4S)$ resonance. After an optimized selection, a simultaneous fit to the Belle and Belle II data sets yields $114\pm 12$ $B^{+}\rightarrow\rho^{+}\gamma$ and $99\pm 12$ $B^{0}\rightarrow\rho^{0}\gamma$ decays. The measured branching fractions are $(13.1^{+2.0 +1.3}_{-1.9 -1.2})\times 10^{-7}$ and $(7.5\pm 1.3^{+1.0}_{-0.8})\times 10^{-7}$ for $B^{+}\rightarrow\rho^{+}\gamma$ and $B^{0}\rightarrow\rho^{0}\gamma$ decays, respectively, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic. We also measure the isospin asymmetry $A_{\rm I}(B\rightarrow\rho\gamma)=(10.9^{+11.2 +7.8}_{-11.7 -7.3})\%$ and the direct CP asymmetry $A_{CP}(B^{+}\rightarrow\rho^{+}\gamma)=(-8.2\pm 15.2^{+1.6}_{-1.2})\%$., Comment: 12 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

165. Search for the baryon number and lepton number violating decays $\tau^-\to \Lambda\pi^-$ and $\tau^-\to \bar{\Lambda}\pi^-$ at Belle II

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Eppelt, J., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Gironella, P., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Hara, K., Harris, C., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hoppe, R., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. -Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, W. Z., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lin, J., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Pakhlov, P., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Park, J., Park, K., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roney, J. M., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Song, W., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zhang, B., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a search for the baryon number $B$ and lepton number $L$ violating decays $\tau^- \rightarrow \Lambda \pi^-$ and $\tau^- \rightarrow \bar{\Lambda} \pi^-$ produced from the $e^+e^-\to \tau^+\tau^-$ process, using a 364 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected by the Belle~II experiment at the SuperKEKB collider. No evidence of signal is found in either decay mode, which have $|\Delta(B-L)|$ equal to $2$ and $0$, respectively. Upper limits at 90\% credibility level on the branching fractions of $\tau^- \rightarrow \Lambda\pi^-$ and $\tau^- \rightarrow \bar{\Lambda}\pi^-$ are determined to be $4.7 \times 10^{-8}$ and $4.3 \times 10^{-8}$, respectively., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

166. Evidence of $h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to \Upsilon(\text{1S})\eta$ decay and search for $h_{b}(\text{1P,2P}) \to \Upsilon(\text{1S})\pi^0$ with the Belle detector

Author

Belle Collaboration, Kovalenko, E., Adachi, I., Aihara, H., Asner, D. M., Aushev, T., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Banerjee, Sw., Belous, K., Bennett, J., Bessner, M., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bondar, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Campajola, M., Chang, M. -C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Cho, H. E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choi, Y., Choudhury, S., Dash, N., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., Dhamija, R., Di Capua, F., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dubey, S., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Ferlewicz, D., Fulsom, B. G., Garg, R., Gaur, V., Garmash, A., Giri, A., Goldenzweig, P., Graziani, E., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Hara, T., Hayasaka, K., Hazra, S., Hou, W. -S., Hsu, C. -L., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jin, Y., Kawasaki, T., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lai, Y. -T., Lam, T., Levit, D., Li, L. K., Gioi, L. Li, Libby, J., Liventsev, D., Ma, Y., Martini, A., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matvienko, D., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, L. E., Podobnik, T., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Savinov, V., Schnell, G., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Senyo, K., Sevior, M. E., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shiu, J. -G., Shwartz, B., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Starič, M., Sumihama, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tiwary, R., Uchida, M., Unno, Y., Uno, S., Usov, Y., Vinokurova, A., Wang, D., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Won, E., Yabsley, B. D., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y., Yuan, C. Z., Zhang, Z. P., and Zhilich, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report the first evidence for the $h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to \Upsilon(\text{1S})\eta$ transition with a significance of $3.5$ standard deviations. The decay branching fraction is measured to be $\mathcal{B}[h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to \Upsilon(\text{1S})\eta]=(7.1 ~^{+3.7} _{-3.2}\pm 0.8)\times10^{-3}$, which is noticeably smaller than expected. We also set upper limits on $\pi^0$ transitions of $\mathcal{B}[h_{b}(\text{2P}) \to \Upsilon(\text{1S})\pi^0] < 1.8\times10^{-3}$, and $\mathcal{B}[h_{b}(\text{1P})\to \Upsilon(\text{1S})\pi^0] < 1.8\times10^{-3}$, at the $90\%$ confidence level. These results are obtained with a $131.4$~fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected near the $\Upsilon(\text{5S})$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+e^-$ collider., Comment: to be submitted to PRL

Published
2024

167. Dimensionality Engineering of Magnetic Anisotropy from Anomalous Hall Effect in Synthetic SrRuO3 Crystals

Author

Jeong, Seung Gyo, Cho, Seong Won, Song, Sehwan, Oh, Jin Young, Jeong, Do Gyeom, Han, Gyeongtak, Jeong, Hu Young, Mohamed, Ahmed Yousef, Noh, Woo-suk, Park, Sungkyun, Lee, Jong Seok, Lee, Suyoun, Kim, Young-Min, Cho, Deok-Yong, and Choi, Woo Seok

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

Magnetic anisotropy in atomically thin correlated heterostructures is essential for exploring quantum magnetic phases for next-generation spintronics. Whereas previous studies have mostly focused on van der Waals systems, here, we investigate the impact of dimensionality of epitaxially-grown correlated oxides down to the monolayer limit on structural, magnetic, and orbital anisotropies. By designing oxide superlattices with a correlated ferromagnetic SrRuO3 and nonmagnetic SrTiO3 layers, we observed modulated ferromagnetic behavior with the change of the SrRuO3 thickness. Especially, for three-unit-cell-thick layers, we observe a significant 1,500% improvement of coercive field in the anomalous Hall effect, which cannot be solely attributed to the dimensional crossover in ferromagnetism. The atomic-scale heterostructures further reveal the systematic modulation of anisotropy for the lattice structure and orbital hybridization, explaining the enhanced magnetic anisotropy. Our findings provide valuable insights into engineering the anisotropic hybridization of synthetic magnetic crystals, offering a tunable spin order for various applications., Comment: 23 pages

Published
2024
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168. Learning to Explore and Select for Coverage-Conditioned Retrieval-Augmented Generation

Author

Kim, Takyoung, Lee, Kyungjae, Jang, Young Rok, Cho, Ji Yong, Kim, Gangwoo, Cho, Minseok, and Lee, Moontae

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Interactions with billion-scale large language models typically yield long-form responses due to their extensive parametric capacities, along with retrieval-augmented features. While detailed responses provide insightful viewpoint of a specific subject, they frequently generate redundant and less engaging content that does not meet user interests. In this work, we focus on the role of query outlining (i.e., selected sequence of queries) in scenarios that users request a specific range of information, namely coverage-conditioned ($C^2$) scenarios. For simulating $C^2$ scenarios, we construct QTree, 10K sets of information-seeking queries decomposed with various perspectives on certain topics. By utilizing QTree, we train QPlanner, a 7B language model generating customized query outlines that follow coverage-conditioned queries. We analyze the effectiveness of generated outlines through automatic and human evaluation, targeting on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Moreover, the experimental results demonstrate that QPlanner with alignment training can further provide outlines satisfying diverse user interests. Our resources are available at https://github.com/youngerous/qtree., Comment: Work in progress. Resources are available at https://github.com/youngerous/qtree

Published
2024

169. Measurement of the integrated luminosity of data samples collected during 2019-2022 by the Belle II experiment

Author

The Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Das, S., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Eppelt, J., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Gironella, P., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hoppe, R., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. -Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, W. Z., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Liao, Y. P., Libby, J., Lin, J., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, K., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Song, W., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A series of data samples was collected with the Belle~II detector at the SuperKEKB collider from March 2019 to June 2022. We determine the integrated luminosities of these data samples using three distinct methodologies involving Bhabha ($e^+e^- \to e^+e^-(n\gamma)$), digamma ($e^+e^- \to \gamma\gamma(n\gamma)$), and dimuon ($e^+e^- \to \mu^+ \mu^- (n\gamma)$) events. The total integrated luminosity obtained with Bhabha, digamma, and dimuon events is ({426.88} $\pm$ 0.03 $\pm$ {2.61})~fb$^{-1}$, ({429.28} $\pm$ 0.03 $\pm$ {2.62})~fb$^{-1}$, and ({423.99} $\pm$ 0.04 $\pm$ {3.83})~fb$^{-1}$, where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic. The resulting total integrated luminosity obtained from the combination of the three methods is ({427.87 $\pm$ 2.01})~fb$^{-1}$., Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in Chinese Physics C

Published
2024

170. Study of $\chi_{bJ}(2P)\to\omega\Upsilon(1S)$ at Belle

Author

Belle Collaboration, Stottler, Z. S., Pedlar, T. K., Fulsom, B. G., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aihara, H., Said, S. Al, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Banerjee, Sw., Bauer, M., Behera, P., Belous, K., Bennett, J., Bernlochner, F., Bessner, M., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Cho, H. E., Cho, K., Choi, S. -K., Choi, Y., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Das, S., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., Dhamija, R., Di Capua, F., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dubey, S., Ecker, P., Epifanov, D., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Gaur, V., Garmash, A., Giri, A., Goldenzweig, P., Graziani, E., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Hara, T., Hayasaka, K., Hazra, S., Hedges, M. T., Herrmann, D., Hou, W. -S., Hsu, C. -L., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Jacobs, W. W., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Kaliyar, A. B., Kawasaki, T., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kodyš, P., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lai, Y. -T., Lam, T., Laurenza, M., Lee, S. C., Levit, D., Lewis, P., Li, L. K., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Liventsev, D., Luo, T., Ma, Y., Masuda, M., Maurya, S. K., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miyabayashi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Oskin, P., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pang, T., Pardi, S., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, L. E., Podobnik, T., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Savinov, V., Schnell, G., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Senyo, K., Shan, W., Shapkin, M., Sharma, C., Shiu, J. -G., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Starič, M., Sumihama, M., Sutcliffe, W., Takizawa, M., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tiwary, R., Uchida, M., Unno, Y., Uno, S., Vahsen, S. E., Varner, G., Wang, D., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Watanuki, S., Werbycka, O., Won, E., Yabsley, B. D., Yan, W., Yin, J. H., Yuan, C. Z., Yuan, L., Yusa, Y., Zhang, Z. P., Zhilich, V., and Zhukova, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a study of the hadronic transitions $\chi_{bJ}(2P)\to\omega\Upsilon(1S)$, with $\omega\to\pi^{+}\pi^{-}\pi^{0}$, using $28.2\times10^6~\Upsilon(3S)$ mesons recorded by the Belle detector. We present the first evidence for the near--threshold transition $\chi_{b0}(2P)\to\omega\Upsilon(1S)$, the analog of the charm sector decay $\chi_{c1}(3872)\to\omega J/\psi$, with a branching fraction of $B\big(\chi_{b0}(2P)\to\omega\Upsilon(1S)\big) = \big(0.55\pm0.19\pm0.07\big)\%$. We also obtain branching fractions of $B\big(\chi_{b1}(2P)\to\omega\Upsilon(1S)\big) = \big(2.39{}^{+0.20}_{-0.19}\pm0.24\big)\%$ and $B\big(\chi_{b2}(2P)\to\omega\Upsilon(1S)\big) = \big(0.47{}^{+0.13}_{-0.12}\pm0.06\big)\%$, confirming the measurement of the $\omega$ transitions of the $J=1,2~P$--wave states. The ratio for the $J=2$ to $J=1$ transitions is also measured and found to differ by 3.3 standard deviations from the expected value in the QCD multipole expansion., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures

Published
2024

171. Burst Image Super-Resolution with Base Frame Selection

Author

Kim, Sanghyun, Lee, Min Jung, Kim, Woohyeok, Jung, Deunsol, Rim, Jaesung, Cho, Sunghyun, and Cho, Minsu

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Burst image super-resolution has been a topic of active research in recent years due to its ability to obtain a high-resolution image by using complementary information between multiple frames in the burst. In this work, we explore using burst shots with non-uniform exposures to confront real-world practical scenarios by introducing a new benchmark dataset, dubbed Non-uniformly Exposed Burst Image (NEBI), that includes the burst frames at varying exposure times to obtain a broader range of irradiance and motion characteristics within a scene. As burst shots with non-uniform exposures exhibit varying levels of degradation, fusing information of the burst shots into the first frame as a base frame may not result in optimal image quality. To address this limitation, we propose a Frame Selection Network (FSN) for non-uniform scenarios. This network seamlessly integrates into existing super-resolution methods in a plug-and-play manner with low computational costs. The comparative analysis reveals the effectiveness of the nonuniform setting for the practical scenario and our FSN on synthetic-/real- NEBI datasets., Comment: CVPR2024W NTIRE accepted

Published
2024

172. Pose-dIVE: Pose-Diversified Augmentation with Diffusion Model for Person Re-Identification

Author

Kim, Inès Hyeonsu, Lee, JoungBin, Jin, Woojeong, Son, Soowon, Cho, Kyusun, Seo, Junyoung, Kwak, Min-Seop, Cho, Seokju, Baek, JeongYeol, Lee, Byeongwon, and Kim, Seungryong

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Person re-identification (Re-ID) often faces challenges due to variations in human poses and camera viewpoints, which significantly affect the appearance of individuals across images. Existing datasets frequently lack diversity and scalability in these aspects, hindering the generalization of Re-ID models to new camera systems. We propose Pose-dIVE, a novel data augmentation approach that incorporates sparse and underrepresented human pose and camera viewpoint examples into the training data, addressing the limited diversity in the original training data distribution. Our objective is to augment the training dataset to enable existing Re-ID models to learn features unbiased by human pose and camera viewpoint variations. To achieve this, we leverage the knowledge of pre-trained large-scale diffusion models. By conditioning the diffusion model on both the human pose and camera viewpoint concurrently through the SMPL model, we generate training data with diverse human poses and camera viewpoints. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in addressing human pose bias and enhancing the generalizability of Re-ID models compared to other data augmentation-based Re-ID approaches.

Published
2024

173. Search for charmed baryons in the $\Lambda_c^+\eta$ system and measurement of the branching fractions of $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$ decaying to $\Lambda_c^+\eta$ and $pD^0$ relative to $\Sigma_c(2455)\pi$

Author

Belle Collaboration, Li, S. X., Shen, C. P., Adachi, I., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Ayad, R., Banerjee, Sw., Belous, K., Bennett, J., Bessner, M., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bodrov, D., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Campajola, M., Chang, M. -C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Cho, H. E., Cho, K., Choi, S. -K., Choi, Y., Choudhury, S., Dash, N., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., Dhamija, R., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dubey, S., Ecker, P., Ferber, T., Fulsom, B. G., Gaur, V., Garmash, A., Goldenzweig, P., Graziani, E., Grube, B., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Hsu, C. -L., Ipsita, N., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Kiesling, C., Kim, D. Y., Kim, Y. J., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kwon, Y. -J., Li, L. K., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Liventsev, D., Masuda, M., Maurya, S. K., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mussa, R., Nakano, T., Nakao, M., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nishida, S., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, L. E., Podobnik, T., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Russo, G., Sandilya, S., Savinov, V., Schnell, G., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Senyo, K., Shiu, J. -G., Solovieva, E., Starič, M., Sumihama, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Uchida, M., Uglov, T., Uno, S., Wang, E., Won, E., Yabsley, B. D., Yan, W., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yuan, L., and Zhilich, V.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We search for excited charmed baryons in the $\Lambda_c^+\eta$ system using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 980 $\rm fb^{-1}$. The data were collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB $e^{+}$$e^{-}$ asymmetric-energy collider. No significant signals are found in the $\Lambda_c^+\eta$ mass spectrum, including the known $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$. Clear $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$ signals are observed in the $pD^0$ mass spectrum. We set upper limits at 90\% credibility level on ratios of branching fractions of $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$ decaying to $\Lambda_c^+\eta$ relative to $\Sigma_c(2455)\pi$ of $<0.13$ for the $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $<1.11$ for the $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$. We measure ratios of branching fractions of $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$ decaying to $pD^0$ relative to $\Sigma_c(2455)\pi$ of $0.75 \pm 0.03(\text{stat.}) \pm 0.07(\text{syst.})$ for the $\Lambda_c(2880)^+$ and $3.59 \pm 0.21(\text{stat.}) \pm 0.56(\text{syst.})$ for the $\Lambda_c(2940)^+$., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Physical Review D

Published
2024
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174. Measurement of the branching fractions of $\bar{B}\to D^{(*)} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ and $\bar{B}\to D^{(*)}D_s^{-}$ decays at Belle II

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dorner, D., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present measurements of the branching fractions of eight $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ decay channels. The results are based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $362~\text{fb}^{-1}$. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed $B$ meson energy, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of $m(K^-K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ and $m(D^{(*)}K^{(*)0}_{(S)})$ in order to avoid dependence on the decay model. These results include the first observation of $\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0$, $B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0$, and $\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of the other channels compared to previous measurements. The helicity-angle distributions and the invariant mass distributions of the $K^- K^{(*)0}_{(S)}$ systems are compatible with quasi-two-body decays via a resonant transition with spin-parity $J^P=1^-$ for the $K^-K_S^0$ systems and $J^P= 1^+$ for the $K^-K^{*0}$ systems. We also present measurements of the branching fractions of four $\overline B{}^0\to D^{(*)+} D_s^-$, $B^{-}\to D^{(*)0} D_s^- $ decay channels with a precision compatible to the current world averages., Comment: 34 pages, 14 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.01321

Published
2024
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175. The BiGGen Bench: A Principled Benchmark for Fine-grained Evaluation of Language Models with Language Models

Author

Kim, Seungone, Suk, Juyoung, Cho, Ji Yong, Longpre, Shayne, Kim, Chaeeun, Yoon, Dongkeun, Son, Guijin, Cho, Yejin, Shafayat, Sheikh, Baek, Jinheon, Park, Sue Hyun, Hwang, Hyeonbin, Jo, Jinkyung, Cho, Hyowon, Shin, Haebin, Lee, Seongyun, Oh, Hanseok, Lee, Noah, Ho, Namgyu, Joo, Se June, Ko, Miyoung, Lee, Yoonjoo, Chae, Hyungjoo, Shin, Jamin, Jang, Joel, Ye, Seonghyeon, Lin, Bill Yuchen, Welleck, Sean, Neubig, Graham, Lee, Moontae, Lee, Kyungjae, and Seo, Minjoon

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

As language models (LMs) become capable of handling a wide range of tasks, their evaluation is becoming as challenging as their development. Most generation benchmarks currently assess LMs using abstract evaluation criteria like helpfulness and harmlessness, which often lack the flexibility and granularity of human assessment. Additionally, these benchmarks tend to focus disproportionately on specific capabilities such as instruction following, leading to coverage bias. To overcome these limitations, we introduce the BiGGen Bench, a principled generation benchmark designed to thoroughly evaluate nine distinct capabilities of LMs across 77 diverse tasks. A key feature of the BiGGen Bench is its use of instance-specific evaluation criteria, closely mirroring the nuanced discernment of human evaluation. We apply this benchmark to assess 103 frontier LMs using five evaluator LMs. Our code, data, and evaluation results are all publicly available at https://github.com/prometheus-eval/prometheus-eval/tree/main/BiGGen-Bench., Comment: Work in Progress

Published
2024

176. Measurements of the branching fractions of $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$, $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta$, and $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime}$ and asymmetry parameter of $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$

Author

Belle, Collaborations, Belle II, Adachi, I., Aggarwal, L., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Althubiti, N., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bierwirth, L., Bilka, T., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Boschetti, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campagna, Q., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Chen, C., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cui, J. X., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dubey, S., Dugic, K., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Haide, I., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Harris, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Inami, K., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Johnson, A., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Karyan, G., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Lee, M. J., Lemettais, C., Leo, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, M. H., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martellini, C., Martens, A., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Mitra, S., Miyabayashi, K., Mohanty, G. B., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Naruki, M., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Neu, M., Niiyama, M., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Pakhlova, G., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, J., Park, S. -H., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Reuter, L., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schneider, S., Schnepf, M., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Solovieva, E., Song, W., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Suwonjandee, N., Svidras, H., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Ueda, I., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Volpe, R., Vossen, A., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zani, L., Zeng, F., Zhang, B., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

We present a study of $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$, $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta$, and $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime}$ decays using the Belle and Belle~II data samples, which have integrated luminosities of 980~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ and 426~$\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, respectively. We measure the following relative branching fractions $${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0})/{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}) = 0.48 \pm 0.02 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.03 ({\rm syst}) ,$$ $${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta)/{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}) = 0.11 \pm 0.01 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.01 ({\rm syst}) ,$$ $${\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime})/{\cal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+}) = 0.08 \pm 0.02 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.01 ({\rm syst}) $$ for the first time, where the uncertainties are statistical ($\rm stat$) and systematic ($\rm syst$). By multiplying by the branching fraction of the normalization mode, ${\mathcal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$, we obtain the following absolute branching fraction results $(6.9 \pm 0.3 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.5 ({\rm syst}) \pm 1.3 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, $(1.6 \pm 0.2 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.2 ({\rm syst}) \pm 0.3 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, and $(1.2 \pm 0.3 ({\rm stat}) \pm 0.1 ({\rm syst}) \pm 0.2 ({\rm norm})) \times 10^{-3}$, for $\Xi_{c}^{0}$ decays to $\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$, $\Xi^{0}\eta$, and $\Xi^{0}\eta^{\prime}$ final states, respectively. The third errors are from the uncertainty on ${\mathcal B}(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{-}\pi^{+})$. The asymmetry parameter for $\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}$ is measured to be $\alpha(\Xi_{c}^{0}\to\Xi^{0}\pi^{0}) = -0.90\pm0.15({\rm stat})\pm0.23({\rm syst})$., Comment: 23 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication by JHEP

Published
2024
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177. Alternative Assessment: Definitions, Examples, Tools, and Resources

Author

Region 19 Comprehensive Center (R19CC) and Hendrick Cho

Abstract

The Republic of the Marshall Islands Public School System, requested information about alternative assessment evaluation, including detail on performance and competency-based assessment. In response, this high-level scan from the Region 19 Comprehensive Center identifies example tools and measures along with key resources and references. Also included is a review of state policies and relevant publications that provide information on how some states are implementing proficiency/competency-based learning and assessment either through intensive framework options, or flexible graduation and credit-awarding options.

Published
2024

178. How Do College Students with Disabilities Do? Law, Self-Determination, Self-Advocacy, and Campus Resources

Author

Kate Jones and Jeong IL Cho

Abstract

This survey study investigated understanding and use of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), self-advocacy, self-determination, and campus resources by college students with disabilities. Thirty-one students registered with a student disability office at a Midwestern state university completed an anonymous survey. Thirty-two percent of participants reported that they knew how to advocate for their own education before beginning college. A majority of participants displayed strong understanding of self-determination, self-advocacy, and campus resources, but reported a weak understanding about the ADA. Participants reported stronger agreement on their use of self-determination and self-advocacy skills than on campus resources. Their lowest score was for their use of self-advocacy skill when their legal rights had to be voiced. These students' lack of understanding of their legal rights and limited self-advocacy skills in protecting their legal rights suggest implications for both transition services in high school and support services at the college level.

Published
2024

179. 'I Feel Safe When I Listen to Korean Music!': Musical Engagement and Subjective Well-Being amongst Korean International Students in the UK

Author

Hyunah Cho

Abstract

By addressing the research question, "How do Korean international students engage in music for their own well-being in the UK?", this study aims to understand a group of international students' experiences of their temporary migrant status and the coping mechanisms they employ in the pursuit of subjective well-being in response to these experiences. After semi-structured interviews, the thematic analysis resulted in five themes: (1) music as a tongbanja [Korean characters omitted] (companion), (2) music as a safe konggan [Korean characters omitted] (space), (3) music for gwangye [Korean characters omitted] (relationships), (4) music for gibun [Korean characters omitted] (moods), and (5) musical demands of international students. This led to discussions of music as: 'Being' a companion and safe space, and 'doing' in relationships and moods, including doing K-pop for 're-membering'. Therefore, this study adds depth to understanding of how Korean international students in the UK engage with music to address the challenges they face and, thus, enhance their subjective wellbeing.

Published
2024

180. Community-Engaged Scholars' Boundary-Spanning Roles and Intersected Identities: Korean Dual Language Bilingual Education Program in a Public Elementary School

Author

Jayoung Choi, Tuba Angay-Crowder, Hakyoon Lee, Myoung Eun Pang, Gyewon Jang, Ji Hye Shin, Aram Cho, Jee Hye Park, and Shim Lew

Abstract

Neoliberal ideology and an overemphasis on generating quick results dehumanizes higher education community engagement by overlooking the multiple roles and identities of boundary spanners, individuals engaged in community-based scholarship. If university-community partnerships are to prosper and be sustained, their human aspect deserves more attention. We contribute to the literature by framing this research project as the collective stories of our research team, nine community-engaged scholars who have established a partnership with a public elementary school's Korean-English Dual Language Bilingual Education program in the U.S. Southeast for the last 3 years. By drawing on pertinent literature about boundary spanners in higher education community engagement, we construct our narratives around how our fluid identities as females, immigrants, multilinguals, mothers, and professors have intersected with our boundary-spanning roles. Our nuanced stories provide insights and lessons to other boundary spanners in different partnership contexts.

Published
2024

181. Realities and Challenges of Internationalizing Administrative Staff in Japanese Universities

Author

Shinichi Cho

Abstract

This study examines the realities and challenges of internationalizing administrative staff in Japanese universities empirically due to the increasing globalization of higher education. The functions and roles of the administrative staff from the policy perspective, with the implementation of mandatory staff development (SD) and reforms to the standards for establishing universities, have been considered. This study attempts to describe the following three aspects: the international nature, working and training overseas experience, and administrative staff's educational background. The open data were obtained from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science website. The results of revealed that acquired insights can also become useful inputs for developing university policies concerning recruitment guidelines, methods, staff training, and "human capital development" in Japanese universities. This finding contributes to the policy making and SD of the internationalizing administrative staff in various countries in terms of foreign nationality, oversea experience, and educational background.

Published
2024

182. Exploring the Identities of Korean Americans through Identity Journey Mapping in a Study Abroad Program

Author

Hyesun Cho and Josh Hayes

Abstract

This study explores the identities of Korean American college students through identity journey maps during a faculty-led study abroad program in Korea. Drawing from Asian Critical theory (AsianCrit), this study presents how participants of Korean descent challenged a monolithic and unitary notion of Korean American identity while acknowledging the multifaceted, dynamic, and fluid nature of their transnational identity. Furthermore, it suggests that identity journey maps can serve as a pedagogical tool to counter racial stereotypes and discrimination against Asian Americans.

Published
2024

183. Developing Adaptive Teaching Competence in Preservice Physical Education Teachers

Author

Kyuil Cho, Emi Tsuda, and Phillip Ward

Abstract

This study examined how preservice teachers (PSTs) develop adaptive competence in teaching peers in an introductory physical education pedagogy course underpinned by a pedagogical cycle designed to promote adaptive teaching competence. Two guiding research questions were: (a) what was the total number of adaptations that PSTs made in their peer teaching? and (b) what were the total numbers of missed content (MC) that PSTs had in their peer teaching? We used a descriptive-analytic study to evaluate teaching data from 22 PSTs. The course included different pedagogical strategies (e.g. discussing teaching scenarios, repeated teaching, and reflecting on teaching) to develop adaptive competence. A total of 85 teaching videos were analyzed using three coding variables (adaptations added, adaptation corrections, and MC) by comparing them with the PSTs' lesson plans. The descriptive analyses showed that all PSTs were able to make substantive and consistent teaching adaptations across the five-week period. The amount of MC decreased across the five weeks. This study demonstrated that the pedagogical cycle designed to promote adaptive teaching competence was effective in helping PSTs make adaptations to their teaching. Simply providing PSTs opportunities to teach or teach repetitively is not sufficient to develop adaptive competence. Intentional integration of the pedagogical strategies is essential to equipping PSTs with effective teaching skills and knowledge, and helping them connect theory and practice with ongoing feedback and reflection.

Published
2024
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184. Impact of Connectivism on Knowledge and Willingness of Students in Higher Education

Author

Bharti Pandya, BooYun Cho, Louise Patterson, and Mohamed Abaker

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of connectivism on knowledge acquisition and the willingness of higher education students to apply that knowledge in practical settings. Using an experimental design, it investigates how connectivism manifests in learning processes, particularly focusing on a collaborative online international session (COIL) with 92 business management students from the UAE and South Korea. These students participated in a COIL session aimed at enhancing their understanding of diversity and inclusion management concepts. The study utilized an independent t-test to evaluate the effectiveness of COIL, comparing groups exposed to different modes of participation (connectivism mode and nonconnectivism mode). The results highlight connectivism's role in increasing students' willingness to utilize acquired knowledge. As a connectivism approach, COIL proves pivotal in applying learning practically. This research offers significant insights for curriculum designers, educators, and scholars, demonstrating the impact of social connectivism on learning enhancement. It provides valuable information for incorporating connectivism into traditional educational models, thereby enriching the theoretical and methodological understanding of the relationship between connectivism, COIL, knowledge acquisition, and application willingness. This study is particularly relevant for educators looking to integrate innovative methods in their teaching and expand the scope of knowledge and skill development for future work.

Published
2024
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185. A Condensed Positive Psychology Course Improves Students' Subjective Well-Being and Academic Achievement

Author

Kit W. Cho and Sarah Frizzell

Abstract

Background: Completing positive psychology-related activities can increase subjective and objective well-being. Objective: The present study investigated whether completing a condensed positive psychology course increases students' subjective well-being and academic achievement relative to those who completed other condensed psychology courses. Method: One hundred and eighty-one students completed a condensed 4-week to 5-week asynchronous, fully online, positive psychology, cognitive psychology, or statistics course. All students completed three questionnaires assessing their subjective wellbeing (life satisfaction, happiness, and stress level) at two time points: precompletion and postcompletion of the course. Participants were also asked to indicate how often they shared the information they learned in the course with their close others, and their course grade was analyzed. Results: Students who completed the positive psychology course reported higher levels of life satisfaction, lower levels of stress, and had a higher course grade compared to students completing the other psychology courses. Students who completed positive psychology indicated that they were more likely to share what they had been learning with their close others than those who completed the other courses. Among the positive psychology activities, participants indicated that they were most likely to continue performing random acts of kindness. Conclusion: Completing a positive psychology course benefits both the individual and the community at large. Teaching implications: The results support the use of a positive psychology course to improve students' well-being and academic achievement.

Published
2024
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186. Story-Driven Embodied Play: Empowering Young Children's Agency in Science Learning

Author

Kyungjin Cho

Abstract

While previous research has highlighted the significance of pedagogical approaches such as story, embodiment, and play for young children's science learning, limited attention has been given to how these three approaches can be integrated into a learning environment to support science learning for young children. Accordingly, this study designed a learning environment, "story-driven embodied play," by integrating story, body movements, and guided play to encourage children's agency in investigating a science phenomenon. Video data were collected for three iterations of the activity with preschool-age children (aged 3-5) at a local children's science museum and local preschools. Employing a sociocultural perspective on science learning through story, embodiment, and playful learning, the study found that the story-driven embodied play activity promoted children's agency by positioning them as protagonists when they investigated the science phenomenon through guided play. Furthermore, the results suggest that children, as embodied learners, used their bodies to interact with and figure out the science phenomenon during guided play. These findings extend our understanding of how to integrate story, embodiment, and play to generate synergy and promote young children's agency in science learning.

Published
2024
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187. Perspectives on improving photosynthesis to increase crop yield

Author

Croce, Roberta, Carmo-Silva, Elizabete, Cho, Young B, Ermakova, Maria, Harbinson, Jeremy, Lawson, Tracy, McCormick, Alistair J, Niyogi, Krishna K, Ort, Donald R, Patel-Tupper, Dhruv, Pesaresi, Paolo, Raines, Christine, Weber, Andreas PM, and Zhu, Xin-Guang

Subjects
Plant Biology, Biological Sciences, Affordable and Clean Energy, Zero Hunger, Photosynthesis, Crops, Agricultural, Carbon Dioxide, Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase, Plant Leaves, Crop Production, Electron Transport, Nitrogen, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Genetics, Plant Biology & Botany, Plant biology
Abstract

Improving photosynthesis, the fundamental process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy, is a key area of research with great potential for enhancing sustainable agricultural productivity and addressing global food security challenges. This perspective delves into the latest advancements and approaches aimed at optimizing photosynthetic efficiency. Our discussion encompasses the entire process, beginning with light harvesting and its regulation and progressing through the bottleneck of electron transfer. We then delve into the carbon reactions of photosynthesis, focusing on strategies targeting the enzymes of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham (CBB) cycle. Additionally, we explore methods to increase carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration near the Rubisco, the enzyme responsible for the first step of CBB cycle, drawing inspiration from various photosynthetic organisms, and conclude this section by examining ways to enhance CO2 delivery into leaves. Moving beyond individual processes, we discuss two approaches to identifying key targets for photosynthesis improvement: systems modeling and the study of natural variation. Finally, we revisit some of the strategies mentioned above to provide a holistic view of the improvements, analyzing their impact on nitrogen use efficiency and on canopy photosynthesis.

Published
2024

188. The global distribution and drivers of wood density and their impact on forest carbon stocks.

Author

Mo, Lidong, Crowther, Thomas W, Maynard, Daniel S, van den Hoogen, Johan, Ma, Haozhi, Bialic-Murphy, Lalasia, Liang, Jingjing, de-Miguel, Sergio, Nabuurs, Gert-Jan, Reich, Peter B, Phillips, Oliver L, Abegg, Meinrad, Adou Yao, Yves C, Alberti, Giorgio, Almeyda Zambrano, Angelica M, Alvarado, Braulio Vilchez, Alvarez-Dávila, Esteban, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia, Alves, Luciana F, Amaral, Iêda, Ammer, Christian, Antón-Fernández, Clara, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Avitabile, Valerio, Aymard, Gerardo A, Baker, Timothy R, Bałazy, Radomir, Banki, Olaf, Barroso, Jorcely G, Bastian, Meredith L, Bastin, Jean-Francois, Birigazzi, Luca, Birnbaum, Philippe, Bitariho, Robert, Boeckx, Pascal, Bongers, Frans, Boonman, Coline CF, Bouriaud, Olivier, Brancalion, Pedro HS, Brandl, Susanne, Brearley, Francis Q, Brienen, Roel, Broadbent, Eben N, Bruelheide, Helge, Bussotti, Filippo, Gatti, Roberto Cazzolla, César, Ricardo G, Cesljar, Goran, Chazdon, Robin, Chen, Han YH, Chisholm, Chelsea, Cho, Hyunkook, Cienciala, Emil, Clark, Connie, Clark, David, Colletta, Gabriel D, Coomes, David A, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Corral-Rivas, José J, Crim, Philip M, Cumming, Jonathan R, Dayanandan, Selvadurai, de Gasper, André L, Decuyper, Mathieu, Derroire, Géraldine, DeVries, Ben, Djordjevic, Ilija, Dolezal, Jiri, Dourdain, Aurélie, Engone Obiang, Nestor Laurier, Enquist, Brian J, Eyre, Teresa J, Fandohan, Adandé Belarmain, Fayle, Tom M, Feldpausch, Ted R, Ferreira, Leandro V, Finér, Leena, Fischer, Markus, Fletcher, Christine, Frizzera, Lorenzo, Gamarra, Javier GP, Gianelle, Damiano, Glick, Henry B, Harris, David J, Hector, Andrew, Hemp, Andreas, Hengeveld, Geerten, Hérault, Bruno, Herbohn, John L, Herold, Martin, Hietz, Peter, Hillers, Annika, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice N, Hui, Cang, Ibanez, Thomas, Imai, Nobuo, Jagodziński, Andrzej M, Jaroszewicz, Bogdan, and Johannsen, Vivian Kvist

Subjects
Ecology, Evolutionary biology, Environmental management
Abstract

The density of wood is a key indicator of the carbon investment strategies of trees, impacting productivity and carbon storage. Despite its importance, the global variation in wood density and its environmental controls remain poorly understood, preventing accurate predictions of global forest carbon stocks. Here we analyse information from 1.1 million forest inventory plots alongside wood density data from 10,703 tree species to create a spatially explicit understanding of the global wood density distribution and its drivers. Our findings reveal a pronounced latitudinal gradient, with wood in tropical forests being up to 30% denser than that in boreal forests. In both angiosperms and gymnosperms, hydrothermal conditions represented by annual mean temperature and soil moisture emerged as the primary factors influencing the variation in wood density globally. This indicates similar environmental filters and evolutionary adaptations among distinct plant groups, underscoring the essential role of abiotic factors in determining wood density in forest ecosystems. Additionally, our study highlights the prominent role of disturbance, such as human modification and fire risk, in influencing wood density at more local scales. Factoring in the spatial variation of wood density notably changes the estimates of forest carbon stocks, leading to differences of up to 21% within biomes. Therefore, our research contributes to a deeper understanding of terrestrial biomass distribution and how environmental changes and disturbances impact forest ecosystems.

Published
2024

189. Climate Change & Fetal, Infant, Child, and Youth Mortality

Author

Subijanto, Caitlin, Kelley, Hannah, Cho, Jamie, and Sainarayanan, Anusha

Abstract

Climate change poses a significant challenge to global human health, particularly impacting vulnerable populations such as infants, children, and youths. Despite growing awareness of its environmental effects, the relationship between climate change and human health remains underexplored. This study aims to address this gap by conducting an observational analysis of the association between climate change, characterized by the total greenhouse gas emissions from the Worldbank database, and stillbirths, neonatal, under-5 and child and youth (ages 5 – 24) mortality rates from the UNICEF database. By stratifying the analysis based on UNICEF regions, this study seeks to explore the spatial and temporal patterns to provide insights for policymakers, non- governmental organization, and the public to target interventions effectively. The results reveal complex relationships with varying mortality rates across UNICEF regions despite the differing levels of greenhouse gas emissions. Across the four UNICEF mortality measures, East Asia and Pacific was found to have the highest total greenhouse emissions and West and Central Africa was found to have the highest fetal, infant, child and youth mortality rates. Despite limitations inherent in this observational study design, this study underscores the urgent need for proactive measures to combat climate change and to mitigate its health effects on vulnerable populations such as infants, children, and youths.

Published
2024

190. The Effects of Natural Medicine as Possible Treatment for Glioblastoma

Author

Pham, Hieu, Garimella, Mallika, Yu, Tiffany, Cho, Rachel, Fukushima, Yasmin, and Chen, Jeffrey

Abstract

The goal of this literature review is to analyze different herbal medicine treatment options for Glioblastoma, a highly malignant cancer that starts as a growth of cells in the brain or spinal cord. The four different herbal medicine treatments that are studied in the paper are Curcumin, Flavonoids, Quercetin, and Terpenoids. Curcumin is used as a key inhibitor in various pathways in the cell proliferation and apoptosis of GBM cells. Flavonoids regulate tumor cell glucose metabolism by preventing cancer cells from uptaking glucose and cannot harness energy in the form of ATP. Quercetin is targeted at glioma cancer growth without negatively impacting normal CNS cells. Terpenoids are used to inhibit the transfer of P-glycoprotein, which can inhibit glioblastoma formation. All four herbal treatments have been shown to slow the progression of Glioblastoma by inhibiting the proliferation of Glioblastoma cells. This can be seen through the decrease in the tumor size of Glioblastoma patients.

Published
2024

191. Atomic-Scale Scanning of Domain Network in the Ferroelectric HfO2 Thin Film

Author

Park, Kunwoo, Kim, Dongmin, Lee, Kyoungjun, Lee, Hyun-Jae, Kim, Jihoon, Kang, Sungsu, Lin, Alex, Pattison, Alexander J, Theis, Wolfgang, Kim, Chang Hoon, Choi, Hyesung, Cho, Jung Woo, Ercius, Peter, Lee, Jun Hee, Chae, Seung Chul, and Park, Jungwon

Subjects
Macromolecular and Materials Chemistry, Chemical Sciences, Engineering, Physical Sciences, Materials Engineering, ferroelectricity, HfO2, grain boundaries, crystal structure, domain network, Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abstract

Ferroelectric HfO2-based thin films have attracted much interest in the utilization of ferroelectricity at the nanoscale for next-generation electronic devices. However, the structural origin and stabilization mechanism of the ferroelectric phase are not understood because the film is typically nanocrystalline with active yet stochastic ferroelectric domains. Here, electron microscopy is used to map the in-plane domain network structures of epitaxially grown ferroelectric Y:HfO2 films in atomic resolution. The ferroelectricity is confirmed in free-standing Y:HfO2 films, allowing for investigating the structural origin for their ferroelectricity by 4D-STEM, high-resolution STEM, and iDPC-STEM. At the grain boundaries of -oriented Pca21 orthorhombic grains, a high-symmetry mixed-(R3m, Pnm21) phase is induced, exhibiting enhanced polarization due to in-plane compressive strain. Nanoscale Pca21 orthorhombic grains and their grain boundaries with mixed-(R3m, Pnm21) phases of higher symmetry cooperatively determine the ferroelectricity of the Y:HfO2 film. It is also found that such ferroelectric domain networks emerge when the film thickness is beyond a finite value. Furthermore, in-plane mapping of oxygen positions overlaid on ferroelectric domains discloses that polarization is suppressed at vertical domain walls, while it is active when domains are aligned horizontally with subangstrom domain walls. In addition, randomly distributed 180° charged domain walls are confined by spacer layers.

Published
2024

192. HPV Vaccination Decision Among Catch-up Population Through a Digital Intervention: Empowering Young Adults to Their Own Health Decision-Making

Author

Xu, Yusi, Cho, Dalnim, Dawkins-Moultin, Lenna, Borjas, Maria, Hopfer, Suellen, Nguyen, Nicholas, Mann, Sarah, Lun, Di, Ramondetta, Lois M, and Lu, Qian

Subjects
Applied and Developmental Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Information and Computing Sciences, Psychology, Information Systems, Cervical Cancer, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Adolescent Sexual Activity, Social Determinants of Health, Prevention, Minority Health, Pediatric, Sexually Transmitted Infections, Vaccine Related, Women's Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Infectious Diseases, Health Disparities, Immunization, Cancer, HPV and/or Cervical Cancer Vaccines, 7.1 Individual care needs, 3.4 Vaccines, Generic health relevance, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, HPV vaccination, young adults, digital intervention, cancer prevention, cancer disparities, health decision-making, Cognitive Sciences, Clinical Psychology, Information systems, Applied and developmental psychology, Social and personality psychology
Abstract

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection on U.S. college campuses. Although HPV vaccination is recommended through age 26, current efforts to improve vaccination rates have predominantly focused on adolescents. Consequently, vaccine uptake remains suboptimal among young adults. This represents a significant missed opportunity, as young adults face the highest risk for new HPV infections. To contextualize the factors impacting decision-making process for this vulnerable population, this study reports key themes that emerged from in-depth interviews with participants (N = 30) who had completed an online intervention study for HPV vaccination among college students. Twelve (40%) of the interviewees vaccinated after exposure to the intervention. Findings centered around empowerment among young adults as the facilitator to get the HPV vaccine: key themes emerged were (1) convenience is critical and empowering; (2) adulthood identity, marked by a heightened sense of autonomy, accountability, and responsibility for self/future self and others, is empowering; (3) equal access to health care and preventive resources is empowering, especially for participants with low socioeconomic status; and (4) accurate knowledge provided in the intervention destigmatized HPV vaccination to empower young adults to make informed decisions. Digital interventions with messages highlighting a newly gained autonomy, future-oriented self and social responsibility, inclusive and accurate knowledge, and providing navigation to improve access may enhance HPV vaccination among young adults.

Published
2024

193. Democratizing Digital Microfluidics by a Cloud-based Design and Manufacturing Platform

Author

Wang, Qining Leo, Cho, Hyun-Sung Eric, Li, Jia, Huang, Hsin-Chuan, Kin, Sarath, Piao, Yuhao, Xu, Lin, Tang, Kenneth, Kuiry, Shounak, He, Zifan, Yu, Danning, Cheng, Brian, Wu, Chang-Chi, Choi, Connor, Shin, Kwanwoo, Ho, Tsung-Yi, and Kim, Chang-Jin

Subjects
Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry, Chemical sciences
Abstract

Akin to the impact that digital microelectronics had on electronic devices for information technology, digital microfluidics (DMF) was anticipated to transform fluidic devices for lab-on-a-chip (LoC) applications. However, despite a wealth of research and publications, electrowetting-on-dielectric (EWOD) DMF has not achieved the anticipated wide adoption, and commercialization has been painfully slow. By identifying the technological and resource hurdles in developing DMF chip and control systems as the culprit, we envision democratizing DMF by building a standardized design and manufacturing platform. To achieve this vision, we introduce a proof-of-concept cloud platform that empowers any user to design, obtain, and operate DMF chips (https://edroplets.org). For chip design, we establish a web-based EWOD chip design platform with layout rules and automated wire routing. For chip manufacturing, we build a web-based EWOD chip manufacturing platform and fabricate four types of EWOD chips (i.e., glass, paper, PCB, and TFT) to demonstrate the foundry service workflow. For chip control, we introduce a compact EWOD control system along with web-based operating software. Although industrial fabrication services are beyond the scope of this work, we hope this perspective will inspire academic and commercial stakeholders to join the initiative toward a DMF ecosystem for the masses.

Published
2024

194. Enhancing Event Reasoning in Large Language Models through Instruction Fine-Tuning with Semantic Causal Graphs

Author

Bethany, Mazal, Bethany, Emet, Wherry, Brandon, Chiang, Cho-Yu, Vishwamitra, Nishant, Rios, Anthony, and Najafirad, Peyman

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Event detection and text reasoning have become critical applications across various domains. While LLMs have recently demonstrated impressive progress in reasoning abilities, they often struggle with event detection, particularly due to the absence of training methods that consider causal relationships between event triggers and types. To address this challenge, we propose a novel approach for instruction fine-tuning LLMs for event detection. Our method introduces Semantic Causal Graphs (SCGs) to capture both causal relationships and contextual information within text. Building off of SCGs, we propose SCG Instructions for fine-tuning LLMs by focusing on event triggers and their relationships to event types, and employ Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) to help preserve the general reasoning abilities of LLMs. Our evaluations demonstrate that training LLMs with SCG Instructions outperforms standard instruction fine-tuning by an average of 35.69\% on Event Trigger Classification. Notably, our fine-tuned Mistral 7B model also outperforms GPT-4 on key event detection metrics by an average of 31.01\% on Event Trigger Identification, 37.40\% on Event Trigger Classification, and 16.43\% on Event Classification. We analyze the retention of general capabilities, observing only a minimal average drop of 2.03 points across six benchmarks. This comprehensive study investigates multiple LLMs for the event detection task across various datasets, prompting strategies, and training approaches.

Published
2024

195. Signatures of Amorphous Shiba State in FeTe$_{0.55}$Se$_{0.45}$

Author

Lee, Jinwon, Lee, Sanghun, Kreisel, Andreas, Paaske, Jens, Andersen, Brian M., Bastiaans, Koen M., Chatzopoulos, Damianos, Gu, Genda, Cho, Doohee, and Allan, Milan P.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

The iron-based superconductor FeTe$_{0.55}$Se$_{0.45}$ is a peculiar material: it hosts a surface state with a Dirac dispersion, is a putative topological superconductor hosting Majorana modes in vortices, and has an unusually low Fermi energy. The superconducting state is generally thought to be characterized by three gaps in different bands, with the usual homogenous, spatially extended Bogoliubov excitations -- in this work, we uncover evidence that it is instead of a very different nature. Our scanning tunneling spectroscopy data shows several peaks in the density of states above a full gap, and by analyzing the spatial and junction-resistance dependence of the peaks, we conclude that the peaks above the first one are not coherence peaks from different bands. Instead, comparisons with our simulations indicate that they originate from generalized Shiba states that are spatially overlapping. This can lead to an amorphous state of Bogoliubov quasiparticles, reminiscent of impurity bands in semiconductors. We discuss the origin and implications of this new state., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

196. Prediction-Feedback DETR for Temporal Action Detection

Author

Kim, Jihwan, Lee, Miso, Cho, Cheol-Ho, Lee, Jihyun, and Heo, Jae-Pil

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Temporal Action Detection (TAD) is fundamental yet challenging for real-world video applications. Leveraging the unique benefits of transformers, various DETR-based approaches have been adopted in TAD. However, it has recently been identified that the attention collapse in self-attention causes the performance degradation of DETR for TAD. Building upon previous research, this paper newly addresses the attention collapse problem in cross-attention within DETR-based TAD methods. Moreover, our findings reveal that cross-attention exhibits patterns distinct from predictions, indicating a short-cut phenomenon. To resolve this, we propose a new framework, Prediction-Feedback DETR (Pred-DETR), which utilizes predictions to restore the collapse and align the cross- and self-attention with predictions. Specifically, we devise novel prediction-feedback objectives using guidance from the relations of the predictions. As a result, Pred-DETR significantly alleviates the collapse and achieves state-of-the-art performance among DETR-based methods on various challenging benchmarks including THUMOS14, ActivityNet-v1.3, HACS, and FineAction.

Published
2024

197. ConCSE: Unified Contrastive Learning and Augmentation for Code-Switched Embeddings

Author

Jeon, Jangyeong, Cho, Sangyeon, Ma, Minuk, and Kim, Junyoung

Subjects
Computer Science - Computation and Language, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

This paper examines the Code-Switching (CS) phenomenon where two languages intertwine within a single utterance. There exists a noticeable need for research on the CS between English and Korean. We highlight that the current Equivalence Constraint (EC) theory for CS in other languages may only partially capture English-Korean CS complexities due to the intrinsic grammatical differences between the languages. We introduce a novel Koglish dataset tailored for English-Korean CS scenarios to mitigate such challenges. First, we constructed the Koglish-GLUE dataset to demonstrate the importance and need for CS datasets in various tasks. We found the differential outcomes of various foundation multilingual language models when trained on a monolingual versus a CS dataset. Motivated by this, we hypothesized that SimCSE, which has shown strengths in monolingual sentence embedding, would have limitations in CS scenarios. We construct a novel Koglish-NLI (Natural Language Inference) dataset using a CS augmentation-based approach to verify this. From this CS-augmented dataset Koglish-NLI, we propose a unified contrastive learning and augmentation method for code-switched embeddings, ConCSE, highlighting the semantics of CS sentences. Experimental results validate the proposed ConCSE with an average performance enhancement of 1.77\% on the Koglish-STS(Semantic Textual Similarity) tasks., Comment: ICPR 2024

Published
2024

198. Skills Regularized Task Decomposition for Multi-task Offline Reinforcement Learning

Author

Yoo, Minjong, Cho, Sangwoo, and Woo, Honguk

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Reinforcement learning (RL) with diverse offline datasets can have the advantage of leveraging the relation of multiple tasks and the common skills learned across those tasks, hence allowing us to deal with real-world complex problems efficiently in a data-driven way. In offline RL where only offline data is used and online interaction with the environment is restricted, it is yet difficult to achieve the optimal policy for multiple tasks, especially when the data quality varies for the tasks. In this paper, we present a skill-based multi-task RL technique on heterogeneous datasets that are generated by behavior policies of different quality. To learn the shareable knowledge across those datasets effectively, we employ a task decomposition method for which common skills are jointly learned and used as guidance to reformulate a task in shared and achievable subtasks. In this joint learning, we use Wasserstein auto-encoder (WAE) to represent both skills and tasks on the same latent space and use the quality-weighted loss as a regularization term to induce tasks to be decomposed into subtasks that are more consistent with high-quality skills than others. To improve the performance of offline RL agents learned on the latent space, we also augment datasets with imaginary trajectories relevant to high-quality skills for each task. Through experiments, we show that our multi-task offline RL approach is robust to the mixed configurations of different-quality datasets and it outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms for several robotic manipulation tasks and drone navigation tasks., Comment: 12 pages, 5 figures, acceepted in NeurIPS 2022

Published
2024

199. VFLIP: A Backdoor Defense for Vertical Federated Learning via Identification and Purification

Author

Cho, Yungi, Han, Woorim, Yu, Miseon, Lee, Younghan, Bae, Ho, and Paek, Yunheung

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Vertical Federated Learning (VFL) focuses on handling vertically partitioned data over FL participants. Recent studies have discovered a significant vulnerability in VFL to backdoor attacks which specifically target the distinct characteristics of VFL. Therefore, these attacks may neutralize existing defense mechanisms designed primarily for Horizontal Federated Learning (HFL) and deep neural networks. In this paper, we present the first backdoor defense, called VFLIP, specialized for VFL. VFLIP employs the identification and purification techniques that operate at the inference stage, consequently improving the robustness against backdoor attacks to a great extent. VFLIP first identifies backdoor-triggered embeddings by adopting a participant-wise anomaly detection approach. Subsequently, VFLIP conducts purification which removes the embeddings identified as malicious and reconstructs all the embeddings based on the remaining embeddings. We conduct extensive experiments on CIFAR10, CINIC10, Imagenette, NUS-WIDE, and BankMarketing to demonstrate that VFLIP can effectively mitigate backdoor attacks in VFL. https://github.com/blingcho/VFLIP-esorics24, Comment: Accepted by 29th European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS 2024)

Published
2024

200. Targeted Cause Discovery with Data-Driven Learning

Author

Kim, Jang-Hyun, Gibbs, Claudia Skok, Yun, Sangdoo, Song, Hyun Oh, and Cho, Kyunghyun

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

We propose a novel machine learning approach for inferring causal variables of a target variable from observations. Our goal is to identify both direct and indirect causes within a system, thereby efficiently regulating the target variable when the difficulty and cost of intervening on each causal variable vary. Our method employs a neural network trained to identify causality through supervised learning on simulated data. By implementing a local-inference strategy, we achieve linear complexity with respect to the number of variables, efficiently scaling up to thousands of variables. Empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in identifying causal relationships within large-scale gene regulatory networks, outperforming existing causal discovery methods that primarily focus on direct causality. We validate our model's generalization capability across novel graph structures and generating mechanisms, including gene regulatory networks of E. coli and the human K562 cell line. Implementation codes are available at https://github.com/snu-mllab/Targeted-Cause-Discovery., Comment: preprint

Published
2024

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