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Background: The aim of this study is to explore the clinical outcomes of anatomical allograft or fibula shaft augmentation with locking compression plates (LCPs) in elderly patients with four-part proximal humeral fracture (PHF). Methods: A total of 22 elderly patients with four-part PHF underwent allograft augmentation with LCPs for treatment. Among them, 7 cases received anatomical allograft and 15 patients received fibula shaft. Constant-Murley score (CMS), the disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score, and subjective ratings, radiographic imaging, range of motion (ROM), and complications were recorded as postoperative evaluations. Results: Although the ROM and strength were considerably limited compared with the normal side, there were no significant differences in pain and daily activity between the unaffected and affected sides at the last follow-up according to the CMS. Additionally, no significant differences were found in the subjective ratings and CMS and DASH scores between the patients augmented with fibular shaft and anatomical allograft. Among the 15 patients who received fibular shaft, one case developed avascular necrosis (AVN) and screw cutout, but satisfactory outcomes were obtained after removal of implant. Besides, varus displacement occurred in one case, the patient acquired good function without revision. There were no infection, bone nonunion, and hardware-related complications occurred in any case. Conclusions: Both anatomical allograft and fibula shaft with LCPs showed relatively good clinical outcomes for elderly patients with four-part PHF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervicocerebral artery dissection is an important cause of ischemic stroke in young and middle-aged individuals. However, very few studies have compared the differential features between internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD) and vertebral artery dissection (VAD), including both cervical and intracranial artery dissections. We conducted a study to investigate the predisposing factors and radiological features in patients with ICAD or VAD.Methods: All cases diagnosed with cervicocerebral artery dissection, ICAD, or VAD were identified through a medical records database, between January 2010 and January 2020. Baseline characteristics, predisposing factors, and radiological features of ICAD versus VAD were compared.Results: A total of 140 patients with cervicocerebral artery dissection were included in the study, including 84 patients in the ICAD group and 56 in the VAD group. The mean age of patients in the ICAD and VAD groups was 43.37 ± 14.01 and 41.00 ± 12.98 years old, respectively. Patients with ICAD were more likely to be men compared with VAD (85.71% vs. 67.86%, p = 0.012). The frequency of hypertension, diabetes, smoking, drinking, and cervical trauma did not differ between ICAD and VAD. Dissections of ICAD were more frequently at the extracranial portions of the artery compared with those of VAD (70.24% vs. 44.64%, p = 0.003). In contrast, dissections of VAD were more common in the intracranial artery (55.36% vs. 29.76%, p = 0.003). Radiologically, double lumen (36.90% vs. 19.64%, p = 0.029) and intimal flap (11.90% vs. 1.79%, p = 0.029) were more frequently observed in ICAD than in VAD, and dissecting aneurysms were less frequent (13.10% vs. 26.79%, p = 0.041).Conclusions: The distributions of cervical and intracranial artery dissections were different between ICAD and VAD. The frequencies of radiological features detected in patients with ICAD and VAD also differed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) to estimate actual evapotranspiration (ET) on a regional scale generally uses gridded meteorological data by interpolating data from meteorological stations with mathematical interpolation. The heterogeneity of underlying surfaces cannot be effectively considered when interpolating meteorological station measurements to gridded data only by mathematical interpolation. This study aims to highlight the improvement of modeled meteorological data from the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mesoscale numerical model which fully considers the heterogeneity of underlying surfaces over the data from mathematical interpolation method when providing accurate meteorological input for SEBS model. Meteorological data at 1 km resolution in the Hotan Oasis were simulated and then were put into SEBS model to estimate the daily actual ET. The accuracy of WRF simulation was evaluated through comparison with data collected at the meteorological station. Results found that the WRF-simulated wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity and surface pressure correlate well with the meteorological stations measurements (R2 are 0.628, 0.8242, 0.8089 and 0.8915, respectively). Comparison between ET calculated using the meteorological data simulated from the WRF (ETa-WRF) and meteorological data interpolated from measurements at met stations (ETa-STA) showed that ETa-WRF could better reflect the ET difference between different land cover, and capture the vegetation growing trend, especially in areas with sparse vegetation, where ETa-STA intends to overestimate. In addition, ETa-WRF has less noise in barren areas compared to ETa-STA. Our findings suggest that WRF can provide more reliable meteorological input for SEBS model than mathematical interpolation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wet oxidation process is a promising method for simultaneously removing SO 2 , NO, and Hg0 from coal-fired flue gas. However, the resource utilization of the resulting wastewater, which is enriched with complex ions such as Hg2+, NH 4 +, NO 3 −, and SO 4 2−, remains a significant challenge. To achieve the simultaneous goals of concentrating NH 4 +/NO 3 −/SO 4 2− ions, adsorbing and separating Hg2+ ions, and reusing wastewater, a bifunctional MXene composite nanofiltration membrane with large interlayer spacing and excellent electrostatic repulsion was developed. The membrane was prepared by co-depositing MXene nanosheets, carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) onto an NF-90 membrane. The resulting MXene-MWCNTs-SDS (MMS-COOH) composite membrane demonstrated exceptional salt rejection of 84.4 % for NO 3 −, 89.0 % for NH 4 +, 99.8 % for SO 4 2−, and 99.7 % for Hg2+. After 30 cycles, the membrane structure remained stable, maintaining good reusability, with NH 4 + and SO 4 2− rejection still reaching 90.0 %. Moreover, the maximum adsorption capacity for Hg2+ was 2869.6 mg g−1, while the capacities for Cr6+ and Pb2+ were 577.6 and 316.8 mg g−1, respectively. The MMS-COOH composite membrane introduces an innovative method for the benign treatment of wet oxidation flue gas purification wastewater and facilitates the recovery of (NH 4) 2 SO 4 and NH 4 NO 3 as fertilizers, holding a promising application prospect. [Display omitted] • A bifunctional NF membrane (MMS-COOH) was prepared for the treatment of WFGD wastewater. • The MMS-COOH membrane exhibited high rejection to NO 3 − (84.4 %) and NH 4 + (89.0 %). • A notable adsorption capacity of 2869.6 mg g−1 for Hg2+ was performed by the MMS-COOH membrane. • The MMS-COOH membrane showed satisfying structural stability and good reusability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A knowledge graph (KG) is a knowledge base that integrates and represents data based on a graph-structured data model or topology. Geoscientists have made efforts to construct geoscience-related KGs to overcome semantic heterogeneity and facilitate knowledge representation, data integration, and text analysis. However, there is currently no comprehensive paleontology KG or data-driven discovery based on it. In this study, we constructed a two-layer model to represent the ordinal hierarchical structure of the paleontology KG following a top-down construction process. An ontology containing 19 365 concepts has been defined up to 2023. On this basis, we derived the synonymy list based on the paleontology KG and designed corresponding online functions in the OneStratigraphy database to showcase the use of the KG in paleontological research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ischemic stroke causes secondary neurodegeneration in the thalamus ipsilateral to the infarction site and impedes neurological recovery. Axonal degeneration of thalamocortical fibers and autophagy overactivation are involved in thalamic neurodegeneration after ischemic stroke. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying thalamic neurodegeneration remain unclear. Sterile /Armadillo/Toll-Interleukin receptor homology domain protein (SARM1) can induce Wallerian degeneration. Herein, we aimed to investigate the role of SARM1 in thalamic neurodegeneration and autophagy activation after photothrombotic infarction. Neurological deficits measured using modified neurological severity scores and adhesive-removal test were ameliorated in Sarm1 −/− mice after photothrombotic infarction. Compared with wild-type mice, Sarm1 −/− mice exhibited unaltered infarct volume; however, there were markedly reduced neuronal death and gliosis in the ipsilateral thalamus. In parallel, autophagy activation was attenuated in the thalamus of Sarm1 −/− mice after cerebral infarction. Thalamic Sarm1 re-expression in Sarm1 −/− mice increased thalamic neurodegeneration and promoted autophagy activation. Auotophagic inhibitor 3-methyladenine partially alleviated thalamic damage induced by SARM1. Moreover, autophagic initiation through rapamycin treatment aggravated post-stroke neuronal death and gliosis in Sarm1 −/− mice. Taken together, SARM1 contributes to secondary thalamic neurodegeneration after cerebral infarction, at least partly through autophagy inhibition. SARM1 deficiency is a potential therapeutic strategy for secondary thalamic neurodegeneration and functional deficits after stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remotely sensed thermal data are applied widely in ecology studies, although the resolution of them is usually low. The spatial enhancement of thermal images (TSE) will play an important role in ecological applications. This paper used emissivity modulation (EM) for the TSE, and then used the images to estimate the urban cooling effect with three popular approaches: the local climate regulation index (LCRI), cooling intensity (CI), and green cooling island (GCI). After TSE process, the results of LCRI and CI showed little statistical difference, although the spatial differences should not be overlooked. The GCI results changed clearly after the TSE, with a 38.1% decrease of the area of cooling extent. Therefore, the TSE is recommended for GCI and green patch level CI, and not for LCRI or regional CI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The effect of basalt fiber and polypropylene fiber on seasonally frozen soil was studied. • The resilient modulus and unconfined compressive strength were tested and analyzed. • Polypropylene fiber generally performs better and can endure more freeze-thaw cycles. A composite improvement method was proposed by adding cement and fiber into the silty clay in order to enhance the stability and durability of the subgrade structure in the seasonally frozen area. The frost resistance of the composite treated silty clay is studied. Results show that the resilient modulus and unconfined compressive strength of cement-fiber composite treated soil decreases with increase of initial moisture content and the freeze-thaw cycles; the mechanical properties change obviously under the first freeze-thaw process, and tends to be stable after six freeze-thaw cycles. For the composite treated soil with 6% cement content, the optimum dosage of basalt fiber and polypropylene fiber is 1.0% and 0.15%–0.25%, respectively. Under the same moisture content and freeze-thaw cycles, the unconfined compressive strength of 0.15% polypropylene fiber composite soil is higher than that of 1.0% basalt fiber. Besides, a good linear relationship was found between unconfined compressive strength and resilient modulus of composite treated soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The unique neuron-like microstructure was constructed through a facile method. • The obtained composite exhibited a high thermal conductivity of 12.13 W m−1 K−1. • The heat-transfer capability was investigated through Finite Element Simulation. • The composite showed prominent application performance in the chip cooling module. Owing to the rapid development of highly integrated electronic devices, research on reliable and efficient Thermal interface materials (TIMs) has promising prospects. Boron nitride (BN) is regarded as an excellent functional filler due to its high in-plane thermal conductivity and low cost. However, the fabrication of highly thermally conductive polymer-based composites with multifunctional properties remains challenging. Presented here is an efficient and scalable technique to realize the robust neuron-like microstructure network with oriented BN platelets formed in Polyethersulfone (PES) and Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) based composites. The neuron-like microstructure, with well-developed synapses, guarantee effective thermal pathways and robust interface interaction under complex conditions. The oriented BN layer in the composite ensures a high thermal conductivity of 12.13 W m−1 K−1, indicating a thermal enhancement efficiency of 156.6% per 1 vol% filler compared to the polymer-based matrix. Combined with outstanding electrical resistivity over 1015 Ω·cm and superior usage stability over 120 °C, the composite also exhibits superior performance in application tests in the mobile communication system and laptop chip cooling module making it promising in the intelligent robot industry and advanced electronic packaging field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing image fusion quality purposefully is a challenging task due to the diversities of fused features. In this work, a specific multi-focus image fusion quality assessment method is proposed based on joint image layering and convolutional sparse representation. Specifically, the proposed method includes two stages: Tikhonov regularization optimization-based joint image layering and convolutional sparse representation-based focus similarity comparison. The first stage decomposes the source images and their fusion result jointly into a common base layer and respective detail layers, and then, the second stage compares the focus similarity between these detail layers with their convolutional sparse features. The main novelty of our work is to assess fusion quality with learning features, rather than with those handcrafted low-level patterns. Consequently, our method has higher reliability and feature-level analytical ability. A large number of objective and subjective experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and specificity of the proposed method. Moreover, the applicability of the general blind natural image quality metrics for image fusion was also examined and discussed. Besides experiments, the feature-level characteristics of multi-focus image fusion were also investigated and analyzed with the proposed method. Our analysis reveals some potential laws that could provide new perspectives for fusion algorithm design and improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the efficacy, feasibility and safety of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) for renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus (RCC-TT) in terms of response, perioperative and oncological outcomes, and compare the results between neoadjuvant and non-neoadjuvant groups. Overall, 29 single-arm studies and 5 cohort studies were included. Of the 204 patients undergoing NAT, 16.2% were level I, 35.3% level II, 24.0% level III and 18.6% level IV thrombus. Most of patients underwent preoperative targeted therapy, immunotherapy-based combination therapy was applied in 5.4% patients. The total reduction rate of thrombus level was 29.4%. NAT is associated with a shorter operative time, less blood loss (p<0.05 for both). Rate of complications and oncological outcomes were similar between two groups. Overall, 32.1% (34/106) ≥ grade 3 adverse events occurred in patients undergoing NAT. Neoadjuvant therapy is safe and feasible with acceptable perioperative outcomes in RCC-TT. [Display omitted] • After neoadjuvant therapy (NAT), the total reduction rate of thrombus level was 29.4%. • NAT is safe and feasible with acceptable perioperative outcomes in RCC-TT. • Compared with non-neoadjuvant, NAT is associated with a shorter operative time, less blood loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surface temperature is one of the key parameters for estimating regional evapotranspiration (ET) based on the Surface Energy Balance System (SEBS) model using remote sensing data. However, continuous daily remote sensing surface temperature data are often not available due to the weather and environmental conditions. This paper proposed a scheme to obtain reliable ET that estimating ET using WRF-simulated surface skin temperature (TSK) and then modifying the deviation using the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). This study aims to explore whether the model data can be a viable option when the continuous-time-series remote sensing surface temperature is missing for estimating ET. Comparison results show that the correlation between WRF TSK and the measured temperature of the 2-cm soil (Ts) is better than MODIS land surface temperature (LST) in the study area, while the correlation between MODIS LST and the measured surface radiation temperature (IRT) is better than WRF TSK. The MODIS LST is significantly higher than Ts, and the WRF TSK is closer to Ts than MODIS LST. However, the ET calculated using WRF TSK was not good, exhibiting relatively high ET in the whole area and a poor correlation with the measurements, whereby R2, RMSE, and the percent bias (PBIAS) were equal to 0.1256, 5.2783 mm, and −202.17%, respectively. According to the principle of land surface process simulation in WRF, this paper proposes using NDVI to modify ET calculated using TSK. The comparison between the modified ET and the measurements exhibited a relatively good correlation, with R2 = 0.7532, RMSE = 1.0993 mm, and PBIAS = −17.9%. Therefore, the model surface temperature data can be used to estimate continuous-time-series regional ET when NDVI is used to modify the deviation, which indicates the surface temperature data simulated by the WRF Model can become the optional data for estimating ET and compensate for the shortcoming of poor time continuity of remote sensing data, further expanding the application prospects of meteorological model data in the remote sensing field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Microfibers with T-shaped cross sections were prepared. • ZIF-8 nanoparticles were loaded on the microfibers surface in situ. • The introduction of ZIF-8 could promote nerve regeneration and function recovery. • The conduits filled with ZIF-8@CS have similar repair effects as autologous nerve. Nerve conduits have shown promise as alternatives to autologous nerves, but their repair effects need to be improved. The topographical guidance and functionalization of scaffolds are crucial in nerve repair. In this work, a chitosan-based nerve graft filled with guiding fibres modified by ZIF-8 nanoparticles (CS@ZIF-8) was fabricated for defective nerve repair. An in vitro study demonstrated that CS@ZIF-8 exhibited excellent cytocompatibility and could significantly promote Schwann cell proliferation. In vivo, nerve conduits filled with CS@ZIF-8 were observed to guide stronger axonal longitudinal elongation. Rats bridged with the conduit filled with CS@ZIF-8 showed significant morphological and functional improvements in terms of regenerated nerve density, the number of myelinated nerve fibres, the number of myelin layers, the thickness of myelin sheath, target muscle recovery and sensory function compared to those transplanted with the hollow conduit and the conduit filled with pure chitosan fibres. The repair effects achieved by using the conduit filled with CS@ZIF-8 were similar to those of autografts. Altogether, the data here show that nerve conduits filled with ZIF-8-loaded guide fibres provide a promising approach for repairing nerve defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Moderate or significant Sb accumulation was observed in roadside soils. • The impact of traffic on the distribution of Sb in roadside soil is greater than that of industrial activities. • Traffic-derived Sb was quantified and accounted for > 50% of total Sb in heavy industrial areas in Shanghai. • Roadside soil was a persistent source of mobile Sb and cause a long-term environmental risk. Antimony (Sb), as an emerging pollutant, has aroused people's concerns for its wide usage in industrial production. In this study, we identify and quantify the traffic-derived Sb and investigate its mobility in roadside soils affected by traffic and industrial activities. 73 surface roadside soils and 5 transects in three areas nearby different industries (smelting, power and refining, and waste incineration) were collected and analyzed. Results showed that the Sb concentration ranged between 0.54 and 9.32 mg/kg, and the mean EF s value was 4.63, which indicated moderate to significant Sb enrichment. Significantly high concentrations of Sb occurred at locations with heavy traffic and frequent braking process, with an average concentration of 4.13 mg/kg, compared to the control sites (2.01 mg/kg). Moreover, Sb diffused exponentially with increasing distance from road edges. These results suggested that traffic activities were the main source of Sb in roadside soils. According to the quantitative calculation, the average contributions from traffic, industrial activities and soil parent material to Sb accumulation in roadside soils were 50.73%, 21.38% and 27.88%, respectively. Even though Sb was slightly mobile, roadside soils was a persistent source of potentially mobile Sb which may release into water and cause long-term environmental risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

κ-Carrageenan (CG) was employed to mask the bitterness induced by 50% KCl in surimi gels to achieve salt reduction and gel performance improvement. The combination of KCl and CG (KCl + CG) yielded the increased textural characteristics and water-holding capacity (WHC) of surimi gels and facilitated the transition of free water to immobilized water. In addition, the KCl + CG supplement increased the turbidity and particle size of myofibrillar protein (MP) sols but decreased the surface hydrophobicity in a dose-dependent manner. The hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds played crucial roles in maintaining the stability of MP gels. The specific binding of potassium ions to the sulfate groups of CG limited the release and diffusion of potassium ions from the surimi gels during oral processing, effectively masking the bitterness perception and maintaining the saltiness perception. This study provides a promising strategy to reduce the utilization of sodium salt in surimi products., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Membrane distillation (MD) presents a promising alternative to conventional desalination systems, particularly for the treatment of hypersaline wastewater. However, the large-scale application of MD is hindered by challenges such as membrane wetting, membrane fouling, and low permeate flux. Herein, we proposed an air/liquid interface deposition method to fabricate a Janus membrane, termed the PVDF-PDA/PEI-Si membrane. The membrane featured a nanosieving, superhydrophilic polydopamine/polyethylenimine (PDA/PEI) layer decorated with silica nanoparticles, coupled with a microporous, hydrophobic polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) layer. The introduction of a dense PDA/PEI-Si layer featuring high surface energy significantly enhanced the wetting and fouling resistance of the membrane, with a minor effect on the permeate flux. The performance enhancement was particularly evident when hypersaline water containing sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and oily contaminants was used as the feed. The interactions between the membrane and contaminants were calculated using the XDLVO theory and molecular dynamics simulations to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the enhanced anti-wetting and anti-fouling properties, respectively. According to the XDLVO theory, a large energy barrier must be overcome for the SDS to attach onto the PDA/PEI-Si surface. Meanwhile, molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the weak interaction energy between the oily foulants and the PVDF-PDA/PEI-Si membrane due to its high surface energy. This study presents a promising approach for the fabrication of high-performance MD membranes and provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying the enhanced anti-wetting and anti-fouling properties., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Background: Patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) develop renal cysts and/or angiomyolipomas (AMLs) due to inactive mutations of either TSC1 or TSC2 and consequential mTOR hyperactivation. The molecular events between activated mTOR and renal cysts/AMLs are still largely unknown., Methods: The mouse model of TSC-associated renal cysts were constructed by knocking out Tsc2 specifically in renal tubules (Tsc2 f/f ; ksp-Cre). We further globally deleted PRAS40 in these mice to investigate the role of PRAS40. Tsc2 -/- cells were used as mTOR activation model cells. Inhibition of DNA methylation was used to increase miR-142-3p expression to examine the effects of miR-142-3p on PRAS40 expression and TSC-associated renal cysts., Results: PRAS40, a component of mTOR complex 1, was overexpressed in Tsc2-deleted cell lines and mouse kidneys (Tsc2 f/f ; ksp-Cre), which was decreased by mTOR inhibition. mTOR stimulated PRAS40 expression through suppression of miR-142-3p expression. Unleashed PRAS40 was critical to the proliferation of Tsc2 -/- cells and the renal cystogenesis of Tsc2 f/f ; ksp-Cre mice. In contrast, inhibition of DNA methylation increased miR-142-3p expression, decreased PRAS40 expression, and hindered cell proliferation and renal cystogenesis., Conclusions: Our data suggest that mTOR activation caused by TSC2 deletion increases PRAS40 expression through miR-142-3p repression. PRAS40 depletion or the pharmacological induction of miR-142-3p expression impaired TSC2 deficiency-associated renal cystogenesis. Therefore, harnessing mTOR/miR-142-3p/PRAS40 signaling cascade may mitigate hyperactivated mTOR-related diseases., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) remains one of the most lethal urological malignancies even though a great number of improvements in diagnosis and management have achieved over the past few decades. Accumulated evidence revealed that histone deacetylases (HDACs) play vital role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Nevertheless, the biological functions of histone deacetylation modification related genes in ccRCC remains poorly understood., Method: Bulk transcriptomic data and clinical information of ccRCC patients were obtained from the TCGA database and collected from the Chinese PLA General Hospital. A total of 36 histone deacetylation genes were selected and studied in our research. Univariate cox regression analysis, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, random forest (RF) analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were applied to identify key genes affecting the prognosis of ccRCC. The 'oncoPredict' algorithm was utilized for drug-sensitive analysis. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was used to explore the potential biological function. The ssGSEA algorithm was used for tumor immune microenvironment analysis. The expression levels of HDAC10 were validated by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU assay), CCK-8 assay, cell transwell migration and invasion assay and colony formation assay were performed to detect the proliferation and invasion ability of ccRCC cells. A nomogram incorporating HDAC10 and clinicopathological characteristics was established to predict the prognosis of ccRCC patients., Result: Two machine learning algorithms and PPI analysis identified four histone deacetylation genes that have a significant association with the prognosis of ccRCC, with HDAC10 being the key gene among them. HDAC10 is highly expressed in ccRCC and its high expression is associated with poor prognosis for ccRCC patients. Pathway enrichment and the experiments of EdU staining, CCK-8 assay, cell transwell migration and invasion assay and colony formation assay demonstrated that HDAC10 mediated the proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC cells and involved in reshaping the tumor microenvironment (TME) of ccRCC. A clinically reliable prognostic predictive model was established by incorporating HDAC10 and other clinicopathological characteristics ( https://nomogramhdac10.shinyapps.io/HDAC10&#95;Nomogram/ )., Conclusion: Our study found the increased expression of HDAC10 was closely associated with poor prognosis of ccRCC patients. HDAC10 showed a pro-tumorigenic effect on ccRCC and promote the proliferation and metastasis of ccRCC, which may provide new light on targeted therapy for ccRCC., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Background: Imatinib is the first-line treatment for gastrointestinal stromal tumors; however, the clinical prognosis and adverse reactions of patients vary owing to individualized discrepancies in plasma exposure., Methods: To determine the safe interval for steady-state plasma trough concentrations (C min ) of imatinib and its active metabolite, N-demethyl imatinib (NDI), 328 plasma samples from 273 patients treated with imatinib were retrospectively analyzed. Imatinib C min and NDI C min were tested, and adverse reactions were recorded. The association between imatinib C min , NDI C min , and serious adverse reactions was evaluated., Results: The C min range of imatinib was 209.5-4950.0 ng/mL, with the mean value and SD of 1491.8 ± 731.4 ng/mL. The C min range of NDI was 80.0-2390.0 ng/mL with the mean value and SD of 610.8 ± 281.5 ng/mL. NDI C min was positively correlated with imatinib C min , whereas the ratio of NDI C min to imatinib C min (NDI C min /imatinib C min ) was negatively correlated with imatinib C min . Univariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the treatment objective, daily dose, imatinib C min , NDI C min , and imatinib C min + NDI C min were significantly associated with serious adverse reactions. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that NDI C min was an independent risk factor for serious adverse reactions, with a threshold of 665 ng/mL., Conclusions: NDI C min was an independent risk factor for serious adverse reactions, with a threshold of 665 ng/mL. Monitoring NDI C min was beneficial for the rational application of imatinib and individualized treatment of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.)

Investigating cerebral asymmetries in non-human primates would facilitate to understand the evolutional traits of the human brain specialization related to language and other high-level cognition. However, brain asymmetrical studies of monkeys produced controversial results. Here, we investigated the cerebral asymmetries using a combination of the optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) protocols in monkeys. The study-specific MRI and DTI-based templates were created in 66 adult Macaca fascicularis, and the asymmetrical index of grey and white matter was subsequently examined. The VBM analysis detected the well-known frontal and occipital petalias and confirmed the presence of leftward asymmetry in the ventral frontal cortex. A marked leftward asymmetry of anterior superior temporal gyrus but not posterior portion were found. We also identified grey matter asymmetries in some regions that were not previously reported including rightward anterior cingulate, insular cortex and thalamus, and leftward caudate. In contrast, the results of TBSS analysis for the first time revealed the robust leftwards asymmetries of corpus callosum (splenium and body), internal/external capsule, and white matter in middle temporal gyrus, adjacent thalamus and amygdala whereas the rightwards in uncinate fasciculus, posterior thalamic radiation and cerebral peduncle. These findings provide robust evidence of grey and white matter asymmetries in the brain of monkeys, which may extend the understanding of brain evolution in cerebral specialization., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

The assembly of chiral molecules with multiple stereogenic elements is challenging, and, despite of indisputable advances, largely limited to toxic, cost-intensive and precious metal catalysts. In sharp contrast, we herein disclose a versatile C-H alkylation using a non-toxic, low-cost iron catalyst for the synthesis of substituted indoles with two chiral elements. The key for achieving excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity was substitution on a chiral N-heterocyclic carbene ligand providing steric hindrance and extra represented by noncovalent interaction for the concomitant generation of C-N axial chirality and C-stereogenic center. Experimental and computational mechanistic studies have unraveled the origin of the catalytic efficacy and stereoselectivity., (© 2024. The Author(s).)

Emotional recognition is a pivotal research domain in computer and cognitive science. Recent advancements have led to various emotion recognition methods, leveraging data from diverse sources like speech, facial expressions, electroencephalogram (EEG), electrocardiogram, and eye tracking (ET). This article introduces a novel emotion recognition framework, primarily targeting the analysis of users' psychological reactions and stimuli. It is important to note that the stimuli eliciting emotional responses are as critical as the responses themselves. Hence, our approach synergizes stimulus data with physical and physiological signals, pioneering a multimodal method for emotional cognition. Our proposed framework unites stimulus source data with physiological signals, aiming to enhance the accuracy and robustness of emotion recognition through data integration. We initiated an emotional cognition experiment to gather EEG and ET data alongside recording emotional responses. Building on this, we developed the Emotion-Multimodal Fusion Neural Network (E-MFNN), optimized for multimodal data fusion to process both stimulus and physiological data. We conducted extensive comparisons between our framework's outcomes and those from existing models, also assessing various algorithmic approaches within our framework. This comparison underscores our framework's efficacy in multimodal emotion recognition. The source code is publicly available at https://figshare.com/s/8833d837871c78542b29., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2024 Guo et al.)

Research indicates that music can influence human cognitive functions. Diverse musical settings can affect alertness, orientation, and executive control of attention in various populations. Exploring the relationship between designers with highly creative thinking and music environments can provide new research perspectives for the cognitive field. A total of 94 students, consisting of 61 design majors and 33 non-design majors, completed the Attention Network Test (ANT) on a computer under three test environments: cheerful music, melancholic music, and silence. The study results indicated that the alerting network effect between the design professional group and the control group was marginally significant. However, there were no significant differences between the groups in the orienting subsystem and the executive control subsystem. Within the design professional group, the attentional network data indicated that participants showed improved performance in alerting and orienting attention in a music-free environment compared to cheerful and melancholic music environments ( pa = 0.028, po = 0.008). Nevertheless, executive control attention did not show significant differences across the music environments. In conclusion, existing research confirms that designers are more susceptible to distraction from external stimuli; thus, music-free environments assist them in concentrating.

Background and Objective: Imatinib is primarily transported into the liver by organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), organic anion transporting polypeptide 1B3 (OATP1B3), and novel organic cation transporter 2 (OCTN2), which is the first step in the metabolic and elimination of imatinib. Patients taking imatinib may concurrently take metformin, a substrate for OCT1. Drug-drug interactions (DDI) may occur between imatinib and metformin, affecting the clinical efficacy of imatinib. This experiment aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetic effects of metformin on imatinib and its active metabolism of N-desmethyl imatinib in rats., Methods: Twenty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups (10 rats per group). The control group was orally administered imatinib (30 mg/kg) for 14 days, and the experimental group was orally co-administered imatinib (30 mg/kg) and metformin (200 mg/kg) for 14 days. The plasma concentrations of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib in rats were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS2.0 software., Results: After single-dose co-administration of imatinib and metformin on day 1, the AUC 0-24 (area under the plasma concentration-time curve) and C max (maximum concentration) of imatinib and the MRT (mean residence time) and C max of N-desmethyl imatinib in the experimental group were significantly decreased compared with the control group (P < 0.05). After multiple-dose co-administration of imatinib and metformin for 14 days, the AUC 0-24 and C max of both imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib were significantly decreased in the experimental group (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: With both single and multiple co-administration doses, metformin significantly changed the pharmacokinetic parameters of imatinib and N-desmethyl imatinib. The results suggest that care should be taken when metformin and imatinib are co-administered., (© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)

With the rapid development of materials science and tissue engineering, a variety of biomaterials have been used to construct tissue engineering scaffolds. Due to the performance limitations of single materials, functional composite biomaterials have attracted great attention as tools to improve the effectiveness of biological scaffolds for tissue repair. In recent years, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have shown great promise for application in tissue engineering because of their high specific surface area, high porosity, high biocompatibility, appropriate environmental sensitivities and other advantages. This review introduces methods for the construction of MOFs-based functional composite scaffolds and describes the specific functions and mechanisms of MOFs in repairing damaged tissue. The latest MOFs-based functional composites and their applications in different tissues are discussed. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of using MOFs-based composites in tissue engineering are summarized. The aim of this review is to show the great potential of MOFs-based functional composite materials in the field of tissue engineering and to stimulate further innovation in this promising area., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)

Background: Primary balloon angioplasty (PBA) is an alternative treatment approach for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS); however, its efficacy may be compromised by arterial dissection or early elastic recoil after balloon dilation. This study aimed to explore the association between plaque characteristics on high-resolution magnetic resonance vessel wall imaging (HR-VWI) and failure of PBA for ICAS., Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 113 patients with ICAS who underwent HR-VWI before endovascular treatment. Based on the presence of arterial dissection or early elastic recoil post-balloon dilation, patients were classified into the failed PBA (FPBA) group or the successful PBA (SPBA) group. Clinical and baseline HR-VWI characteristics were compared between the two groups. Multivariable analysis was used to investigate plaque features associated with the failure of PBA., Results: The FPBA and SPBA groups comprised 74 and 39 patients, respectively. Plaque eccentricity (83.78% vs 46.15%, P<0.001), negative remodeling (90.54% vs 48.72%, P<0.001), remodeling index (median 0.73 vs 0.90, P=0.001), and intraplaque hemorrhage (31.08% vs 5.13%, P=0.002) differed significantly between the FPBA and SPBA groups. Multivariable analysis indicated that higher frequency of plaque eccentricity (OR 14.03, 95% CI 3.42 to 57.62, P<0.001) and negative remodeling (OR 6.11, 95% CI 1.22 to 30.71, P=0.028) were independently associated with failure of PBA., Conclusion: Our findings showed that failure of PBA was associated with plaque eccentricity and negative remodeling. Analysis of plaque characteristics on baseline HR-VWI holds potential value for identifying arterial dissection or early elastic recoil after angioplasty in patients with ICAS., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)

Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a principal cause of mortality and adverse oncologic outcomes in patients with renal tumor and inferior vena cava tumor thrombus (RT-IVCTT). However, the preoperative thrombotic risk factors in these patients remain not fully characterized., Objectives: To identify preoperative thrombotic risk factors in patients with RT-IVCTT., Patients/methods: Two hundred fifty-seven consecutive postsurgical patients with RT-IVCTT aged 18-86 years were enrolled between January 2008 and September 2022. Clinicopathological variables were retrospectively reviewed. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed. Preoperative hemoglobin, neutrophils, and serum albumin levels were analyzed as both continuous and categorical variables., Results: VTE was identified in 63 patients (24.5%). On both continuously and categorically coded variables, advanced IVC thrombus (OR 3.2, 95% CI: 1.4-7.0; OR 2.7, 95% CI: 1.2-6.1), renal sinus fat invasion (OR 3.4, 95% CI: 1.6-7.0; OR 3.7, 95% CI: 1.8-7.7), IVC wall invasion (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 1.6-7.9; OR 4.3, 95% CI: 1.9-10.0), IVC blockage status of greater than 75% (OR 5.2, 95% CI: 1.7-15.8; OR 6.1, 95% CI: 1.9-19.7), and higher neutrophils (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 1.0-1.7; OR 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1-5.4) were significantly associated with increased VTE risk in patients with RT-IVCTT. Except hemoglobin, categorically coded serum albumin (OR 0.36, 95% CI: 0.17-0.75) was validated as an independent risk factor for VTE., Conclusions: This study provided an insight of risk factors contributing to preoperative VTE in patients with RT-IVCTT, which may be beneficial for optimizing strategies to manage VTE in clinical practice., (Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

BACKGROUND Optimizing surgical approaches for robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is vital for better patient outcomes. This retrospective study aimed to examine how visceral fat area (VFA) and body mass index (BMI) correlate with intraoperative complexities, thereby guiding the selection of surgical techniques for RAPN. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study analyzed the medical records of 213 Chinese patients diagnosed with a range of benign and malignant renal neoplasms and treated with RAPN in 2020. Visceral fat area was quantified using computed tomography (CT) scans taken at the umbilical level. Various perioperative indicators, such as demographic details, clinicopathological parameters, operation time, estimated blood loss (EBL), warm ischemic time (WIT), and intraoperative complications, were assessed. RESULTS For the retroperitoneal approach, patients with either visceral obesity or general obesity had longer operation times (P<0.001 and P=0.004) and had a tendency for higher EBL (P=0.003 and P=0.001) compared to non-obese patients. In the transperitoneal approach, those with visceral obesity had significantly longer operation times (P=0.008) than their non-viscerally obese counterparts; however, general obesity showed no impact on operation time (P=0.251). Estimated blood loss was higher for patients with visceral obesity (P=0.004), but no significant difference was noted among those with general obesity (P=0.980). CONCLUSIONS VFA appears to offer predictive advantages over BMI in assessing intraoperative complexities for transperitoneal RAPN. When used in conjunction with BMI, it could serve as a valuable tool in selecting the most appropriate surgical approach for RAPN.