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In most plants, sucrose, a major storage sugar, is transported into sink organs to support their growth. This key physiological process is dependent on the function of sucrose transporters. Sucrose export from source tissues is predominantly controlled through the activity of SUCROSE TRANSPORTER 2 (SUC2), required for the loading of sucrose into the phloem of Arabidopsis plants. However, how SUC2 activity is controlled to support root growth remains unclear. Glucose is perceived via the function of HEXOKINASE 1 (HXK1), the only known nuclear glucose sensor. HXK1 negatively regulates the stability of ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3), a key ethylene/glucose interaction component. Here we show that HXK1 functions upstream of EIN3 in the regulation of root sink growth mediated by glucose signaling. Furthermore, the transcription factor EIN3 directly inhibits SUC2 activity by binding to the SUC2 promoter, regulating glucose signaling linked to root sink growth. We demonstrate that these molecular components form a HXK1-EIN3-SUC2 module integral to the control of root sink growth. Also, we demonstrate that with increasing age, the HXK1-EIN3-SUC2 module promotes sucrose phloem loading in source tissues thereby elevating sucrose levels in sink roots. As a result, glucose signaling mediated-sink root growth is facilitated. Our findings thus establish a direct molecular link between the HXK1-EIN3-SUC2 module, the source-to sink transport of sucrose and root growth.

The ZnIn/HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared by the wetness impregnation method, and the structure of catalyst was characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, [H.sub.2]-TPR, N[H.sub.3]-TPD, XPS, TG, and [N.sub.2] adsorption-desorption and then investigated in the coupling of propane with C[O.sub.2] to propylene. It is found that the addition of Zn species is beneficial to the dispersion of [In.sub.2][O.sub.3] over HZSM-5, which plays an important role in propene formation, and adjusts the acidity distribution of In/HZSM-5 catalyst, aswell assignificantly improves the activity of In/HZSM-5 catalyst. The selectivity of propylene is 68.21% in the coupling of propane with C[O.sub.2] over ZnIn/HZSM-5 catalyst when the time on stream (TOS) is 2 h, reaction temperature is 580 [degrees]C, reaction pressure is 0.3 MPa, [C.sub.3][H.sub.6]:C[O.sub.2]:[N.sub.2] = 1:4:5, catalyst mass is 0.2 g, and space velocity is 6000 mL [g.sub.cat.sup.-1] [h.sup.-1]. However, the selectivity of propylene is only 63.33% and 0.25% in the propane dehydrogenation or C[O.sub.2] hydrogenation reaction, respectively. The ZnIn/HZSM-5 catalyst showed a higher stability with only 0.80% conversion drop after three cycles. Key words: ZnIn/HZSM-5, coupling reaction, propane, C[O.sub.2], propylene. Nous avons prepare le catalyseur ZnIn/HZSM5 par la methode d'impregnation a l'humidite naissante, et nous en avons caracterise la structure par diffraction des rayons X (DRX), microscopie electronique a balayage (MEB), microscopie electronique en transmission (MET), reduction en temperature programmee sous hydrogene ([H.sub.2]TPR), desorption thermo-programmee de l'ammoniac (N[H.sub.3]TPD), spectroscopie de photoelectrons X (XPS), thermogravimetrie (TG) et analyse d'adsorption-desorption d'azote. Nous avons ensuite etudie ce catalyseur dans la reaction de couplage du propane avec le C[O.sub.2] pour former le propylene. Nous avons observe que l'ajout d'especes de Zn favorise d'une part la dispersion de l'In2O3 dans la zeolithe HZSM5--un facteur important dans la formation du propene--et d'autre part la distribution de l'acidite dans le catalyseur In/HZSM5, ce qui ameliore de facon significative de l'activite catalytique de ce dernier. Le couplage du propane avec le C[O.sub.2] sur le catalyseur ZnIn/HZSM5 offre une selectivite pour le propylene de 68,21% lorsque le temps de reaction est de 2 h, la temperature de reaction de 580 [degrees]C, la pression de reaction de 0,3 MPa, le rapport des reactifs [C.sub.3][H.sub.6]:C[O.sub.2]:[N.sub.2] de 1:4:5, le poids du catalyseur de 0,2 g et la vitesse spatiale de 6000 mL [g.sub.cat-1] [h.sup.-1]. Toutefois, la selectivite pour le propylene n'est que de 63,33% pour la reaction de deshydrogenation du propane et de 0,25% pour la reaction d'hydrogenation du C[O.sub.2]. Le catalyseur ZnIn/HZSM5 a montre une stabilite superieure, la baisse de conversion etant de seulement 0,80% apres trois cycles. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: ZnIn/HZSM-5, reaction de couplage, propane, C[O.sub.2], propylene., 1. Introduction Emissions of carbon dioxide have continuously increased over the past few decades, mainly from the combustion of natural gas, coal, and petroleum. (1) The increased concentration of C[O.sub.2] [...]

In order to effectively resolve the conflicts between environmental protection,output and benefit during grain cleaning,the vibration screening,specific gravity air separation,cyclone separation,pulse dust removal,closed-loop air circulation and other dust removal technologies are integrated.Efficient dust-free cleaning screens are developed.To achieve effective impurity removal,the problems of excessive dust concentration in grain depots and enterprises’ grain processing and cleaning sites are aimed to be solved.Field tests on the grain depots show that the average impurity content of the grain can be controlled under 0.7% after cleaning,and the dust suppression effect is as follows:dust concentration at 5 m of the operation range lower than 30 mg/m³,15 m lower than 20 mg/m³ while 25 m lower than 10 mg/m³.Therefore,the cleaning effect and dust removal effect are better than common cleaning mechine.

Phosphorus promoted HZSM-5 zeolites (P-HZSM-5) were prepared by synthetic methods of incipient wetness impregnation and in situ synthesis, respectively. This was characterized by the means of powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method (BET), thermogravimetry (TG), and N[H.sub.3]-TPD. The P-HZSM-5 zeolite prepared by incipient wetness impregnation has a large specific surface area and pore size, and the weak acidity is remarkably increased. The catalytic activity of P-HZSM-5 for the coupling transformation of methanol with 1-butene to propylene was investigated. Under the reaction conditions of temperature at 550 [degrees]C, pressure at 0.4 MPa, space velocity at 1800 mL/([g.sub.cat] h), and mole ratio of C[H.sub.3]OH/[C.sub.4]H8 at 1:1, the conversion of [C.sub.4][H.sub.8] can reach to 75.8%, and the selectivity and yield of propylene are 42.2% and 31.9%, respectively. Key words: phosphorus promoted HZSM-5, coupling transformation, propylene, 1-butene, methanol. Nous avons prepare des zeolithes HZSM5 dont l'activite est favorisee par le phosphore (PHZSM5) par deux meth-odes synthetiques: l'impregnation a humidite naissanteet la synthese in situ. Nous avons caracteriseces zeolithes par diffraction des rayons X (DRX), microscopie electronique a balayage (MEB), la methode Brunauer, Emmet et Teller (BET), thermogravimetrie (TG) et desorption en temperature programmee d'ammoniac (DTPN[H.sub.3]). La zeolithe PHZSM5 preparee par impregnation a humidite naissante possede une grande surface specifique et des pores de grande taille, et la faible acid-ite est substantiellement accrue. Nous avons etudie l'activite catalytique des zeolithes PHZSM5 dans la transformation du methanol en propylene par couplage avec le 1butene. Dans les conditions de reaction a une temperature de 550 [degrees]C, une pression de 0,4 MPa, une vitesse spatiale de 1800 mL/([g.sub.chat][s.sup.2]h) et un rapport molaire C[H.sub.3]OH/[C.sub.4][H.sub.8] de 1:1, la conversion du [C.sub.4][H.sub.8] peut atteindre 75,8 %, avec une selectivite pour le propylene de 42,2 % et un rendement de 31,9 %. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: activite de HZSM-5 favorisee par le phosphore, transformation par couplage, propylene, 1-butene, methanol., Introduction Propylene is an important basic industrial chemical, mainly used to produce polypropylene, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, car-bonyl alcohols, propylene oxide, and isopropyl benzene. (1,2) For a long time, the downstream [...]

Rapid, sensitive, and reliable detection of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is essential for medical and diagnostic applications due to its important role as a biomarker of chronic inflammation. Here, we report a facile method for the detection of HMGB1 using carboxymethyl dextran (CM-dextran) as a bridge molecule modified on the surface of gold nanoparticles combined with a fiber optic localized surface plasmon resonance (FOLSPR) biosensor. Under optimal conditions, the results showed that the FOLSPR sensor detected HMGB1 with a wide linear range (10−10 to 10−6 g/mL), fast response (less than 10 min), and a low detection limit of 43.4 pg/mL (1.7 pM) and high correlation coefficient values (>0.9928). Furthermore, the accurate quantification and reliable validation of kinetic binding events measured by the currently working biosensors are comparable to surface plasmon resonance sensing systems, providing new insights into direct biomarker detection for clinical applications.

Large-eddy simulation (LES) of the Navier–Stokes equations is carried out to investigate the supersonic turbulent boundary layer (STBL) developing over a flat plate at free-stream Mach number M ∞ =2.0 and Reynolds number R e δ ≈ 13 500. The seventh-order weighted essentially non-oscillatory (WENO-7) scheme is adopted to ensure calculation accuracy. To demonstrate the credibility of the proposed improvements, a posteriori test is conducted. Other LES-like methods are also adopted for comparison. The validation results show that WENO-LES can provide credible predictions when grid resolution is sufficient. Thus, current LES results can be regarded as a reliable database for further analysis. The distributions of flow topologies and turbulent statistics are obtained after time average operation. A preliminary conclusion can be drawn that the position y + ≈ 14 in buffer layer may be the appropriate interface for Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and LES computations of LES-like methods in STBL. Diverse length scales in LES-like methods are calculated based on high-fidelity flow fields. On this basis, a blending function is added to the original von Karman length formula. A dissipation-adaptive length scale is proposed for the scale-adaptive simulation (SAS) method. A comparison of the original SAS and delayed-DES (DDES) methods reveals that the improved method exhibits grid-independent characteristics of RANS/LES interface. Furthermore, the coherent vortical structures and flow visualization of the a posteriori test indicate that the improved method has a satisfactory ability to promote the generation of small-scale structures and to capture turbulent fluctuations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To analyze the causal relationship between 486 human serum metabolites and the active tuberculosis (ATB) in European population. Methods: In this study, the causal relationship between human serum metabolites and the ATB was analyzed by integrating the genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 486 human serum metabolites were used as the exposure variable, three different ATB GWAS databases in the European population were set as outcome variables, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were used as instrumental variables for Mendelian Randomization. The inverse variance weighting was estimated causality, the MR-Egger intercept to estimate horizontal pleiotropy, and the combined effects of metabolites were also considered in the meta-analysis. Furthermore, the web-based MetaboAnalyst 6.0 was engaged for enrichment pathway analysis, while R (version 4.3.2) software and Review Manager 5.3 were employed for statistical analysis. Results: A total of 21, 17, and 19 metabolites strongly associated with ATB were found in the three databases after preliminary screening (P < 0.05). The intersecting metabolites across these databases included tryptophan, betaine, 1-linoleoylglycerol (1-monolinolein) (1-LG), 1-eicosatrienoylglycerophosphocholine, and oleoylcarnitine. Among them, betaine (I2 = 24%, P = 0.27) and 1-LG (I2 = 0%, P = 0.62) showed the lowest heterogeneity among the different ATB databases. In addition, the metabolic pathways of phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis (P = 0.0068), methionine metabolism (P = 0.0089), betaine metabolism (P = 0.0205) and oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids (P = 0.0309) were also associated with ATB. Conclusion: Betaine and 1-LG may be biomarkers or auxiliary diagnostic tools for ATB. They may provide new guidance for medical practice in the early diagnosis and surveillance of ATB. In addition, by interfering with phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis, methionine metabolism, betaine metabolism, oxidation of branched-chain fatty acids, and other pathways, it is helpful to develop new anti-tuberculosis drugs and explore the virulence or pathogenesis of ATB at a deeper level, providing an effective reference for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accessible Summary: What is known on the subject?: People diagnosed with serious mental illness have a high risk of diabetes and are more likely to develop type 2 diabetes at ages below 60 years.Effective diabetes self‐care behaviours among people diagnosed with serious mental illness can improve glycaemic control and reduce vascular complications.Few studies have investigated diabetes self‐care behaviours and their associations with health literacy and self‐efficacy in people diagnosed with serious mental illness. What the paper adds to existing knowledge?: Diabetes self‐care behaviours in people diagnosed with serious mental illness were suboptimal; the least frequently performed self‐care activities were self‐monitoring of blood glucose.Factors associated with diabetes self‐care behaviours are gender, age, communicative and critical health literacy and self‐efficacy.Self‐efficacy is the strongest predictor of self‐care behaviours among people diagnosed with comorbid serious mental illness and type 2 diabetes. What are the implications of practice?: Mental health nurses should assess diabetes‐specific health literacy of people diagnosed with serious mental illness to ensure that they possess the knowledge and skills related to diabetes self‐care.When treating young people and those with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes, nurses should incorporate strategies to minimise their perceptions of diabetes‐related distress and increase their confidence in managing comorbid diabetes. Introduction: People diagnosed with serious mental illness (SMI) experience greater challenges in managing their type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than do those diagnosed with T2DM alone. Aim: This study investigated diabetes self‐care activities and the factors associated with these activities in people diagnosed with SMI in a hospital setting. Methods: A cross‐sectional correlational study was conducted among 126 people diagnosed with comorbid SMI and T2DM in Taipei, Taiwan, between October 2020 and April 2021. Data were collected using self‐report questionnaires and a chart review. Three‐step hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with diabetes self‐care behaviours. Results: Diabetes self‐care behaviours in people diagnosed with SMI were suboptimal overall. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that age (β = 0.18, p =.037) and self‐efficacy (β = 0.27, p =.004) significantly associated with diabetes self‐care behaviours. Discussion: Self‐efficacy is the strongest predictor of self‐care behaviours among people diagnosed with comorbid SMI and T2DM. Implications for Practice: Mental health professionals should focus on enhancing confidence in managing comorbid diabetes in people diagnosed with comorbid SMI, especially young people and those with newly diagnosed T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly transforming our lives and work, enabling a wide range of emerging services and applications. However, as the scale of the IoT expands, its security issues are becoming increasingly prominent. Malicious actors can exploit vulnerabilities in IoT devices to launch attacks. Protecting the IoT begins with device identification. Identified devices can have corresponding protective measures selected based on the information, thereby enhancing network security. In this study, we propose a dual-machine-learning-based IoT device identification algorithm, Dual-IoTID, which identifies devices based on the payload of IoT device sessions. In contrast to existing methods that rely on extracting header fields or network layer features, our approach attempts to obtain identification information from session payloads. Dual-IoTID first extracts frequent items from sessions and uses a first-layer classifier to obtain a confidence matrix for initial classification. Then, the confidence matrix, along with extracted session communication features, is fed into a second-layer classifier for IoT device identification. Our proposed method is applicable to any IoT device, and it is also suitable for networks with NAT enabled. Experimental results demonstrate that Dual-IoTID has higher accuracy than existing methods, achieving 99.48% accuracy in the UNSW dataset and accurately identifying IoT devices even in environments containing non-IoT devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: An important first step in enhancing professional palliative care training is to investigate the educational needs of pediatric clinicians in this field. The aims of this research were to analyze the extent of end-of-life care experience of Chinese pediatric clinicians and identify the differing educational needs of physicians and nurses as well as associated impact factors. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey via a structural questionnaire was used in this research. Results: In total, 187 clinicians, comprising 52 physicians and 135 nurses, participated in this study. The topics "pain management", "symptom management", and "discussing the prognosis with family members" were the most expressed educational needs among both physicians and nurses. Compared to nurses, physicians placed greater emphasis on the importance of "communication" and "pain and symptom management" (p < 0.05). Clinicians with more extensive end-of-life care experience more strongly felt the importance of learning about pain management and communication regarding end-of-life care (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Research showed that the education currently provided to pediatric clinicians does not meet their distinctive needs. Future palliative care education must be a continuing multi-level, interdisciplinary program and different education should be provided to physicians and nurses based on their respective needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nirsevimab is approved in the US for the prevention of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract disease in neonates and infants during their first RSV season and in children aged ≤24 months who remain vulnerable to severe RSV disease through their second RSV season. We summarize a pre-specified analysis of nirsevimab safety data from three randomized controlled trials: Phase 2b (NCT02878330; healthy infants born ≥29 to <35 weeks' gestational age [wGA]); Phase 3 MELODY (NCT03979313; healthy infants born ≥35 wGA); and Phase 2/3 MEDLEY (NCT03959488; infants with congenital heart disease [CHD] and/or chronic lung disease of prematurity [CLD] or born ≤35 wGA). Methods: Participants (randomized 2:1) received a single intramuscular dose of nirsevimab or comparator (placebo, Phase 2b/MELODY; 5× once-monthly palivizumab, MEDLEY) before their first RSV season (recipients < 5 kg, nirsevimab 50 mg; ≥5 kg, nirsevimab 100 mg). In MEDLEY, children with CHD/CLD continued to a second RSV season: first-season nirsevimab recipients received nirsevimab 200 mg; first-season palivizumab recipients were re-randomized 1:1 to receive nirsevimab 200 mg or 5× once-monthly palivizumab. Results: The incidence, severity, and nature of AEs were similar across treatments (nirsevimab, n = 3184; placebo, n = 1284; palivizumab, n = 304). Most AEs were mild to moderate in severity, with ≥98% unrelated to treatment. AEs of special interest occurred infrequently (<1%): no anaphylaxis or thrombocytopenia were treatment-related, and no immune complex disease was reported. Deaths (incidence < 1.0%) were all unrelated to treatment. Conclusions: A single dose per season of nirsevimab for the prevention of RSV disease had a favorable safety profile, irrespective of wGA or comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In cases on compensation for personal injury, the issue of medical expense compensation involves the vital interests of the compensation obligor, the injured party and the medical institution. The rationality of medical expenses is likely to be controversial, however, there is no unified standard and stipulation for the medical expense rationality identification in forensic clinical identification at present, therefore, in the practice of judicial expertise, expert opinions easily become confused, and the legitimate rights of the parties could be infringed, which affects the impartiality and authority of judicial expertise. This article starts with the concept of medical expense and the rationality of medical expense and the reasons for disputes over the rationality of medical expense, to put forward the basic principles that should be followed in the identification of rationality of medical expenses, for peer reference.