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Drawing from various understandings of the concept of “transference” in psychoanalysis, this paper seeks to provide a critical overview of its adaptations and uses in the field of literary and translation studies. Focusing on some of the transferential models of reading and translation, it aims to show both how psychoanalysis and literature may inform one another, as well as how the critical reading or the literary translation may be viewed, not as a passive act, but as a two-way relationship characterized by intricate dynamics. In this new perspective, reading therefore becomes a space of the unconscious, while the unconscious becomes a space of reading.

This paper intends to render several important factors of impact on economic growth and to describe the particular types of relationships of the latter with each one of its influencing elements. In order to correctly determine such issue, we have resorted to three carefully selected models that have been estimated and compared so as to identify the most adequate and representative regression. For this purpose we have performed an analysis based on cross-section annual data for 105 countries spread all over the world. After having tested and rejected certain exogenous variables initially considered, such as imports or exports, we have finally retained the external debt and foreign direct investments as explanatory items of the dependent variable. The results revealed that both of them positively affect the gross domestic product of the analysed countries, this one being inelastic in relation to the exogenous variables considered. Even if the relationship between the economic growth and the external debt of a country is usually negative, as the money exit out of the country due to the debt service causes non-achieved potential investments, yet, there is an inflexion point up to which the external debt has a positive influence on economic growth by the increase of the investments funds acquired as result of the external credit contracting, this being the case reflected by our study. As for the relationship existing between foreign direct investments and GDP, the economic theory confirms that FDI and economic growth are directly correlated, the former contributing to technical progress, production increase and, finally, to the improvement of the living standard.

ZnO:Al-GaSe:Cd heterojunctions were obtained by the thermal treatment of Cd-doped GaSe lamellae covered with a Zn nanometric layer containing different Al concentrations. The heterostructures were structurally (XRD) and optically (reflection spectra and dielectric permittivity for 1.5÷5.0 eV) analyzed.

This paper is meant to trace the relationship existing between external debt and economic growth for 109 countries spread all over the world. We have resorted for this study to cross-sectional data, the economic modelling being simultaneously made for a three-year period. After having constructed four models and after having estimated them by econometric techniques, we have selected the most appropriate of them, which is in fact the version to be build upon within future personal studies. The results indicated as optimum the model including GDP in logarithm as endogenous variable and total external debt in logarithm and development level dummy as exogenous variables. The analysis revealed a positive relationship between external debt and economic growth, indicating that the threshold above which the indebting influence on the economic performance should become negative has not been reached yet. The coefficients obtained within the estimations performed, construed as elasticities, show that, while GDP is inelastic in relation with debt, the latter has a supra-unitary elasticity, therefore its modification being ampler than the GDP one.

Spectral characteristics of the fundamental absorption coefficient and photoconductivity of PbMoO4 crystals with two polarizations in a temperature range of 77 to 300 K are investigated. The measurements of light transmitted in the polarized radiation for both orientations ( E|| C4 and E ┴ C4, C4 is the [001] crystallographic direction corresponding to the optical axis) of crystals are carried out. Spectral dependence of the absorption coefficient at the edge absorption (λ ≈ 0.3-0.5 μm) shows that the edge absorption is determined by indirect assisted by phonons transitions. The measured spectral dependence of the absorption coefficient at two orientations of polarization of light and the known theoretical dependence were combined and compared for determination the types of optical transitions in the fundamental absorption of PbMoO4 crystals. Limited energies Eg ind and Eg dir for E|| C4 and E ┴ C4 were found. A detailed investigation of the fundamental absorption of PbMoO4 crystals is presented. A simple model of band structure of crystals is proposed. The photoconductivity of PbMoO4 single crystals is investigated on E|| C4 and E ┴ C4 at 300 K in the fundamental absorption spectral region of 2.8 to 5.0 eV. The spectral dependence of the photoconductivity is studied and discussed in conjunction with reported optical data. The monopolar character of the photoconductivity was confirmed by investigation time-of-flight motion of carriers. The present study reveals only the intrinsic photoconductivity in PbMoO4 pure single crystals. Spectral responses of the photocurrent through PbMoO4 crystals showed one spectral band in a range of 3.1 to 5.0 eV with maximums at 3.45 and 3.73 eV for E|| C4 and E ┴ C4, respectively. A good correlation of the photoconductivity bands at E|| C4 and E ┴ C4 with absorption bands at also polarizations has been demonstrated. The unipolar time-of flight motion of carriers was analyzed, and drift mobility of electrons and its temperature dependence were determined.

The paper deals with a control structure of the strip thickness in a rolling mill of quarto type (AGC – Automatic Gauge Control). It performs two functions: the compensation of errors induced by unideal dynamics of the tracking systems lead by AGC system and the control adaptation to the change of dynamic properties of the tracking systems. The compensation of dynamical errors is achieved through inverse models of the tracking system, implemented as adaptive filters.

The paper tackles with thickness control structure of the cold rolled strips. This structure is based on the rolls position control of a reversible quarto rolling mill. The main feature of the system proposed in the paper consists in the compensation of the errors introduced by the deficient dynamics of the hydraulic servo-system used for the rolls positioning, by means of a dynamic compensator that approximates the inverse system of the servo-system. Because the servo-system is considered variant over time, an on-line identification of the servo-system and parameter adapting of the compensator are achieved. The results obtained by numerical simulation are presented together with the data taken from real process. These results illustrate the efficiency of the proposed solutions.

Results of the investigation of spectra in the energy ranges of fundamental absorption of PbMoO4 crystals in two radiation polarizations (EC4) and (E⊥ C4) of incident light in the 77-300 K temperature range are presented. Possibilities of the interpretation of particularity of absorption spectra on the basis of the proposed band structure are examined. Analysis of measurement results for reflection spectra of paratellurite TeO2 and wulfenite (PbMoO4) crystals within the interval 50-1000 cm-1 is presented. The Kramers–Kronig method is used to interpret the peculiarities of reflection spectra. The calculus of reflection spectra is made by the multioscillation model. The interest in the study of the optical properties of TeO2 and PbMoO4 crystals is determined not only by the fundamental physical mechanisms present in these materials but also by a wide spectrum of possible applications in high-speed acousto-optic devices that perform spatial, temporal, and spectral modulation of optical beams. A description of experimental results of studying the optical properties of tetragonal TeO2 (class 422) and PbMoO4 (class 4/m) crystals is given. The phenomena usually studied to obtain information on the optical properties of crystals are absorption and reflection in a large wavelength range.

The documentation surrounding ISO 9000 in education indicates that the application of this quality management system to education is debatable; the implementation process is time-consumming. The application of ISO 9000 in education is difficult because of interpretation problems. SR ISO IWA 2: Quality management systems - Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2000 in education, made the standard easier to understand and implement by the education sector.

The absorption and photoluminescence spectra of GaSe intercalated in C60 fullerene has been investigated at 293 K and 78 K. C60 and C60-toluene molecules intercalated in-between GaSe stratified “packing” cause the appearance of localized levels revealed in low energy wing of n=1 excitonic of the absorption and determine the exciton-phonon interaction. It has been established that C60 and C60-toluene molecules form new recombination levels in GaSe crystals and determine the 1.7÷1.75 eV photoluminescence band.

The reflection, absorption, photoconductivity, and thermally stimulated luminescence (TSL) spectra of GaS:Cu and GaSe:Cu, Cd single crystals have been studied. As a result of these investigations, the energy diagram of GaS and GaSe crystals after doping was deter- mined.

What makes readers, particularly critics, revisit Poe? One of the objections that can be brought against most psychoanalytic interpretations of his life or work is its omission of “the why.” Why write about Poe? What compels us to return to an author already surrounded by, to use Susan Sontag’s words, “thick encrustations” of criticism and theory? There seems to be an undefined “something,” a certain element “X” in Poe that irresistibly attracts (our) critical commentary. Designating this elusive quality “X” as textual “seduction,” the following article attempts, in a sense, to define the undefinable: that is, to identify and describe some of the Poe-esque characteristics that continue to keep readers and critics glued to his work. Drawing principally from Jacques Lacan’s model of transference, Roland Barthes’ “erotics of reading” and Pierre Bayard’s theory of “applied literature,” this paper posits that some of Poe’s strategies of literary seduction include, on the one hand, anticipated textual effects that operate similarly to transference in their double fulfillment of the analyst’s role of S.s.S and S.s.R and, on the other, carefully constructed thematic incongruities that result in an ultimate “undecidability” of meaning.

In this work, optical, including photoluminescence and photosensitivity, characteristics of micrometer-sized flexible n (p)–InSe/In2O3 heterojunctions, obtained by heat treatment of single-crystalline InSe plates doped with (0.5 at.%) Cd (Sn), in a water-vapor- and oxygen-enriched atmosphere, are investigated. The Raman spectrum of In2O3 layers on an InSe:Sn substrate, in the wavelength range of 105–700 cm−1, contains the vibration band characteristic of the cubic (bcc-In2O3) phase. As revealed by EDX spectra, the In2O3 layer, ~2 μm thick, formed on InSe:Cd contains an ~18% excess of atomic oxygen. The absorption edge of InSe:Sn (Cd)/In2O3 structures was studied by ultraviolet reflectance spectroscopy and found to be 3.57 eV and ~3.67 eV for InSe:Cd and InSe:Sn substrates, respectively. By photoluminescence analysis, the influence of doping impurities on the emission bands of In2O3:Sn (Cd) was revealed and the energies of dopant-induced and oxygen-induced levels created by diffusion into the InSe layer from the InSe/In2O3 interface were determined. The n (p)–InSe/In2O3 structures display a significantly wide spectral range of photosensitivity (1.2–4.0 eV), from ultraviolet to near infrared. The influence of Cd and Sn concentrations on the photosensitivity and recombination of nonequilibrium charge carriers in n (p)–InSe layers from the heterojunction interface was also studied. The as-obtained nanosized InSe/In2O3 structures are suitable for optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photoluminescence and absoption spectral distribution close to the edge of fundamental band were studied in the CdS and CdTe films components of the CdS/CdTe heterojunctions. Recombination level energetic position was determined. The annealing of the CdS/CdTe heterojunctions in presence of CdCl2 results in formation of new recombination levels, revealed by a luminescent band in the energy range of 1.6-1.7 eV and by the shift of the impurity band maximum to the red wavelength region by 50 meV.