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Motion control of robots is a high-dimensional, nonlinear control problem that is often difficult to handle using traditional dynamical path planning means. Reinforcement learning is currently an effective means to solve robot motion control problems, but reinforcement learning has disadvantages such as high number of trials and errors and sparse rewards, which restrict the application efficiency of reinforcement learning. The Hindsight Experience Replay(HER) algorithm is a reinforcement learning algorithm that solves the reward sparsity problem by constructing virtual target values. However, the HER algorithm still suffers from the problem of long time in the early stage of training, and there is still room for improving its sample utilization efficiency. Augmentation by existing data to improve training efficiency has been widely used in supervised learning, but is less applied in the field of reinforcement learning. In this paper, we propose the Hindsight Experience Replay with Transformed Data Augmentation (TDAHER) algorithm by constructing a transformed data augmentation method for reinforcement learning samples, combined with the HER algorithm. And in order to solve the problem of the accuracy of the augmented samples in the later stage of training, the decaying participation factor method is introduced. After the comparison of four simulated robot control tasks, it is proved that the algorithm can effectively improve the training efficiency of reinforcement learning.

В данной статье рассматривается ассоциативное поле медицинских терминов с компонентом цветообозначения.Актуальным является интерес к проблематике, связанный с теоретическими и практическими изучениями цветовых ассоциаций медицинских терминов и их использованием в языке медицины, что позволит не только развивать, но и существенно углубить и расширить рамки традиционного представления о языке медицины; медицинские термины с компонентом цветообозначения конкретизируют заболевания и играют важную роль для расширения профессиональной картины мира специалиста-медика, а также свидетельствуют о развитии медицины и ее языка, которые несут в себе сложную информацию о признаках заболевания, лекарственных средствах, симптомах и т.д.Целью представленного исследования является изучение цветовых ассоциаций медицинских терминов с компонентом цветообозначения.Материалом для исследования являлись цветовые наименования симптомов, органов и их частей, включенные в медицинские энциклопедические словари и справочники.Выявлены разные тематические группы с цветовыми ассоциациями в языке медицины.Проведен ассоциативный эксперимент с целью определения цветовых стимулов медицинских терминов у студентов медицинского университета.

Multi-component thin films and coatings (MCTFCs) with stable structure and excellent capability are gradually being applied to more complex extreme environment. In the review paper, we summary the recent research progress of MCTFCs and build the comprehensive datasets from composition, experiment condition, microstructure and macro-properties. By searching the keywords, more than 30,000 relevant articles are found, including at least 600 systems of MCTFCs and involving 73 elements. Statistical analysis shows that the researched system is evolving from simple 4-element to 12-element to composite materials, and the research focus are extending from mechanical properties to chemical properties to medical and industrial applications. The results of comparing with high entropy alloys show that the theories of distinguishing solid solution phase and other structure are only explicable for part MCTFCs. Further, the building multivariate datasets that takes multiple factors into consideration will facilitate the development of optimal MCTFCs.

3D printing, which allows components to be fabricated in layers directly from a digital file, has been increasingly used in the construction industry. However, the deficiencies in mechanical properties of 3D printing concrete (3DPC) confined its wide usage in bearing structures. The 3DPC components have the disadvantages of geometric defects, residual stress, and a high level of anisotropy, resulting in printed components with poor load-bearing capacity. Studies have been conducted to enhance understanding and control of the mechanical properties of 3DPC, aiming at promoting the application of 3DPC in structural components. This paper summarized and analyzed the related research from the perspective of the kinds of structural components, i.e., beams, columns, and walls, and discussed the effects of reinforcement methods and various factors on their mechanical properties. Finally, the current main challenges and directions of future work required to optimize the usage of this technology in 3DPC components have been identified.

Background; Chlorine-free potassium fertilizers in agricultural chlorophobic crops such as potatoes, grapes, vegetables and citrus fruits, then the use of nitrate, sulfate and other potassium compounds does not lose its importance. In this regard, it is important to produce potassium sulfate based on continuous conversion technology of flotation potassium chloride with sulfate-containing salts and to expand the range of chlorine-free potash products. Purpose. Study of the physico-chemical properties of sulfate salts of the Aral region for the production of potassium sulfate. Methodology. The study of physicochemical systems by the isothermal method, determination of the elemental composition and morphological studies of samples were carried out according to the approved methodology. Originally. The solubility diagram of the system 2Na+, 2К+, Mg2+,//SO4 2-, 2Cl- - Н2О was theoretically analyzed by the isothermal method at temperatures of 25, 50 and 750C. It has been established that the salt deposits of the Aral region mainly consist of sodium or magnesium sulfates and/or their mixtures at certain ratios. Findings. From a theoretical analysis of the system 2К+, 2 Na+, Mg 2+//2 Cl-, SO4 -2-H2O it was established that at 00C the volume fraction of schoenite reaches more than 24%, at 250C the volume fraction of astrakhanite is 15%, and at 750C the share Glaserite reaches more than 30%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diatom is a kind of unicellular organism, whose cell wall is composed of hydrated amorphous silica. Herein, we conducted content and component analysis for three typical genera of self‐cultured diatoms, and explored their fascinating properties to construct anodes of lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Three types of diatoms (Chaetoceros, Navicula, and Stephanodiscus) were extracted and purified for detailed characterization, which verified their main components (e. g., water, protein, carbohydrate, fat, frustule) and delicate hierarchical porous microstructures. Besides, a facile treatment was applied to prepare the diatom‐based anode composites for LIBs. A series of electrochemical tests were conducted to verify their excellent performance of high Initial Coulombic Efficiency(ICE), superior rate capacity and reusability. These fascinating properties could be ascribed to integration of the protoplasmic carbon and unique microstructure. This work offers a feasible strategy to construct renewable natural materials with remarkable anode performance for advanced LIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The health crisis, like any other crisis, is an unexpected event that has triggered a series of dysfunctions. Its emergence and spread did not allow states enough time to prepare to deal with the fallout from this crisis. The COVID phenomenon exposed the reality of the decision-making process within institutions. It revealed the dysfunction in the crisis management process, which aimed to make decisions capable of protecting states and reducing the overall impact of the crisis. However, we cannot ignore the complexity of the decision-making process, which derives its complexity from several factors such as the quality of available information, the diversity of conceivable options, and uncertainty. In a crisis situation, the decision-making process becomes increasingly complex because the factor of "time" is limited or even nonexistent. This makes the ability to make decisions delicate in the face of challenges, and the existence of a probability of failure that was hardly tolerable during a health crisis. Aware of this complexity, institutions have established an entity that we can describe as the decision-making sphere, composed of management and experts. Management provides a global vision and a strategic perspective, considering all aspects related to the organization, such as reputation, financial aspects, and operational aspects. Meanwhile, experts provide information based on their experience and expertise. Their input is crucial in a crisis situation, as experts, thanks to their expertise, have the ability to provide well-founded recommendations that management can benefit from in making informed decisions. These two components cannot operate separately and must be capable of collaborating and cooperating, showing flexibility and adaptability to achieve the desired outcome: surviving the crisis. The purpose of this article is to explore the components of the decisionmaking sphere in times of crisis and to demonstrate the relationship that must be formed between management and experts in a crisis situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes the problems of word formation and translation in Chinese, including the difficulties encountered during the translation of Chinese medical terms into Kazakh and their methods. At the same time, the main methods of word formation related to the terminology of the Chinese language are considered, and the types of grammatical connections in word formation are differentiated. Five types of grammatical connections between the components of the lexical complex were highlighted and each of them was explained with individual examples. In modern Chinese word formation, affix formation is the second method. At the same time, it is considered a way of combining affixes into basic morphemes. The article classifies the functions of affixes in terms, identifies the ways in which terms entered the field of Chinese medicine, and gives examples. Almost all examples related to creating and translating medical terms consist of complex and shortened words. Today, medical research occupies an essential place in scientific research because of its importance to human health and life. Regardless of the economic and political situation in each country, materials related to human health are relevant. When translating medical terminology, experts should be aware of and take into account a number of phrasal features relevant to the field. Studying the nomenclature and translation of medical terms helps to complete high-quality translations and helps solve many application problems. There are enough researched works on medical vocabulary. However, our goal is to master the terms and lexical units and their semantics, and forms of construction. Therefore, the concepts and results collected during the research made it possible to determine the most productive ways and methods of term creation. The research work considered the etymology and semantic, morphological, and syntactic structures of Chinese medical terms. The conclusions drawn from the work will help to simplify the translation process. The findings will be helpful for experts in Chinese medical terminology, Chinese philology, and translation. In addition, it is aimed at students majoring in Foreign Philology (Oriental Languages), Translation Studies (Oriental Languages), and Oriental Studies, as well as Chinese teachers in colleges and universities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bulletin of Ablai Khan KazUIRandWL: Series 'Philological sciences' is the property of Kazakh Ablai Khan University of International Relations & World Languages and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society (BRAJETS) / Cadernos de Educação Tecnologia e Sociedade (CETS) is the property of Brazilian Journal of Education, Technology & Society - BRAJETS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The main objective of the research study is to identify the status and analyze the problems in Chameliya hydropower plants in Nepal. In this paper, the hydropower has been studied to identify some regularities of hydropower components on proper operation and generation through primary and secondary data. Further, it been analyzed by bottlenecking through mechanical components testing for the detail study to find the actual problems. Hydropower contributes about 86 % of total internal generation to available energy in Nepal with 93 % of people having access to electricity through the national grid. Small hydropower plants (less than 30 MW) are 90 % of the installed plants contributing the major electricity demands of nearly 50 % in the country. Though hydropower is one of the major export commodities in the past few years, it still has deficits in the dry season. Chameliya hydropower plant, 30 MW situated in the far-western part of Nepal, generates 670 MWh of energy in the wet season and which declines to 384 MWh in the dry season. Even though the plant does not have the problem of much erosion and has a sufficient flow in the dry season, the generation value is still below the design. The issue of variation in shaft speed, misalignment of shaft bearing integrity and ultimately friction due to vibration, rises the temperature beyond the limit in the bearing Babbitt material result for failure in the plant with problematic shutdown. Thus, this research primarily focuses on the problem analysis in hydropower plants, concluding with the result that the developing countries need to have more focus on regular preventive maintenance and also schedule large maintenance on mechanical components like shafts, bearings, turbine etc. to avoid bigger damage in the long run. Hence, the study also suggests that mechanical failure in a hydropower is mostly common and therefore, a robust mechanical structure along with high safety factor components need to be encouraged where the possibilities of regular maintenance and smooth operation are reduced [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electroplating & Finishing is the property of Electroplating & Finishing Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is known that special combinations of variables can have more predictability than any variable in the combination. While such combinations can be obtained numerically in specific cases, this leaves broader questions unanswered. For example, given the dynamics of a linear stochastic model, what is the maximum predictability? What is its structure? What stochastic forcing maximizes predictability? This paper answers these questions. Specifically, this paper derives an upper bound on the predictability of linear combinations of variables. This bound is achieved when stochastic forcing correlates perfectly between eigenmodes. In a certain limit, the structure of the most predictable combination can be derived analytically. This structure is called the Pascal Mode due to its relation to Pascal's Triangle in a special case. These results provide a new perspective on observation-based climate predictability estimates. For instance, the most predictable component of monthly North Atlantic sea surface temperature is only modestly more predictable than the least-damped eigenmode. This aligns with the theoretical findings, as neither the stochastic forcing nor the dynamical eigenvalues are tailored to enhance predictability. The Pacific shows more predictability relative to the least-damped mode, but this increase is an order of magnitude smaller than the theoretical limit given the dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Genotype-environment interaction is one of the most important limiting factors in breeding programs. A comprehensive study of genotype-environment interaction requires powerful statistical methods. Different methods for evaluating the interaction effect of genotype-environment have been proposed by different researchers. Therefore, in the present study, the role of this phenomenon on the sugar yield of sugar beet hybrids and the identification of stable hybrids were studied based on the AMMI, GGE bi-plot, and MTSI stability index methods. Materials and Methods: For this study, a total of 20 sugar beet genotypes were utilized, comprising 15 recently developed hybrids and five control cultivars (Sina, Dena, Novodora, Modex and Loriquet). Phenotypic assessments of experimental genotypes were conducted in 2021 crop year at four agricultural research stations located in Karaj, Mashhad, Shiraz and Miandoab. These selected sites differed in terms of altitude, latitude and longitude, atmospheric temperature and precipitation, and physical and chemical characteristics of soil. The experiments at each research station were carried out using a randomized complete block design with four replications. Each genotype was planted in a separate plot, consisting of three cultivation rows with a length of eight m and a distance of 50 cm interrow. Throughout the growing season, weed control, irrigation, fertilizer application, and other field management activities were performed based on the recommendations of experts. Additionally, regular monitoring and prevention of pests and diseases specific to sugar beet were conducted at each research station. Stability analysis methods of AMMI, GGE bi-plot, and MTSI stability index were used to analyze the genotype-environment interaction. Results and Discussion: The results of a combined analysis of variance confirmed the significant effects of environment and genotype on all traits at a one percent probability level. The interaction between them was significant at one and five percent probability levels for all traits except the sugar content and white sugar content. Analysis of the multiplicative effect of the AMMI model showed that the first two components are significant at the one and five percent probability levels, respectively, and together explain 92.20 percent of the interaction variations. The bi-plot of mean yield and the first principal component of the interaction confirmed the superiority of genotype no. 20 due to its high sugar yield and stability. The results obtained from the GGE bi-plot method showed that the first and second components together explain 84.16% of the variations in total sugar yield. According to the GGE bi-plot, Karaj, Shiraz, and Miandoab had a relatively similar reaction in terms of genotype yield rank and in these environments, genotype no. 20 was stable. The reaction of the Mashhad environment was different from the other three environments and in that genotype no. 9 had suitable stability. Based on the results of the MTSI index, four genotypes of 18, 2, 20, and 17 were identified as stable genotypes. In general, the selected genotypes based on the MTSI caused a favorable selection differential in all traits. Among the traits, except root yield, other traits had good selection differential and selection gain. On the other hand, genotype no. 15 had the highest value of MTSI stability index and was unfavorable genotype in terms of studied traits. Conclusion: In general, among breeding hybrids, in the first the hybrid obtained from crossing of (7112 x SB36) x S1- 960132 (genotype no. 2) and then the hybrid obtained from crossing of (7112 x SB36) x S1- 970063 (genotype no. 9) can be used as promising hybrids in final evaluation programs until the introduction of new hybrids. The studied sites were not very closely correlated to be suggested that a site be abandoned to reduce costs for future research; In contrast, most of the tested environments had a high differentiation capability and could make a good distinction among genotypes in terms of sugar yield in genotype-environment interaction studies of sugar beet cultivars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autonomous navigation technology is the key technology for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) to achieve automated, intelligent operation and task processing. Inertial navigation technology is the core of autonomous navigation technology for AUV. Traditional inertial navigation technology has been developed for many years, and it is necessary to find new breakthroughs. Deep learning can automatically select and extract key features of input data, which has been widely used in image recognition, speech recognition, natural language processing and other fields, and has good results in processing sequential data such as text and speech. Inertial navigation data clearly belongs to this type of data, and many scholars in the industry have conducted related research and design, and found that deep neural network models can be used to calibrate the noise of inertial sensors, reduce the drift of inertial navigation mechanisms, and fuse inertial information with other sensor information, with good effects in solving the prediction and error suppression of inertial navigation during long-term underwater voyages. This article provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-based inertial navigation for AUV, including the latest research progress and development trend direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Propolis has been used by humans as a nutraceutical agent with therapeutic benefits for many centuries. The chemical composition and biological activities of propolis depend on its botanical and geographical origins. The aim of this study was to characterize Korean propolis by quantitating their chrysin content using an ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Methanol extracts of propolis were comprehensively analyzed by UPLC for the isolation and quantification of chrysin in propolis from different origins. The reproducibility of the method was 1.9% to 6.0%, and accuracy was confirmed with average recovery ranging from 98.2% to 101.0%. The chrysin content in propolis samples was successfully determined within 13.299 min. All propolis samples, except those from Jeju Island, contained chrysin. There were some variations in the concentration of chrysin among propolis samples from different locations. The chrysin of the analyzed propolis samples confirmed their affiliation to the Korean propolis except those from Jeju Island, and the proposed UPLC method yielded good sensitivity, linearity, repeatability, and accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

West Java has ecotourism potential that can improve the community's economy and regional income. This research aims to identify components and strategies that affect ecotourism, describe modeling using dynamic system analysis that can be a reference for predicting the future, as well as develop policies for the development of West Java Ecotourism Kesatuan Bisnis Mandiri (KBM). This research method uses a quantitative descriptive method. In this research, the author uses a dynamic system that can produce the right policy outlook in decision-making for 4 tourism components, which is expected to increase tourists and regional income. Based on the ecotourism KBM priority program, for tourism optimization there are three components that are focused on the categories of service improvement and comfort. From the results of the analysis, optimal strategies and policies are obtained, which can be assumed to have increased amenity by 8%, accessibility by 9%, and added an additional 3%.

The reported cases of food allergies are steadily increasing. With the invention of more novel foods, new and unfamiliar allergens are being introduced into our diets, which raises concerns about the potential risk of novel food allergies. The purpose of this review is to assess the allergenic risks associated with novel food components, strategies for assessing risk in relation to novel food allergens, and current regulations for managing food allergens in novel food products.

In Non-orthogonal multiple access, a user with a weaker channel gain is assigned more power than a user with a stronger channel. This type of power allocation allows the strong user (SU) to apply the successive interference cancellation (SIC) method that first detects the symbols of the weak user (WU) before detecting its data. The SIC method makes the WU data vulnerable to eavesdropping at the SU and so increases the detection complexity. This paper studies the physical layer security of the data against eavesdropping. The proposed scheme uses directional modulation that distorts the symbols transmitted in an undesired direction therefore the external eavesdroppers receive different symbols. It becomes complicated for an external eavesdropper to track and detect the signal of legitimate users. This scheme eliminates the WU data on the location of the SU so the strong user does not need the SIC. We analyze the impacts of various factors on security, such as the number of antennas and the secrecy rate.

Fish skin gelatin is an important functional product in the food, cosmetics, and biomedicine industries, and establishing a green and effective fish skin gelatin extraction method is an effective way to obtain high-quality gelatin and improve its production efficiency. In this study, a trypsin method was used to extract the skin gelatin of sea perch, tilapia, and grass carp, and the microstructures of skin gelatin of these three fish species were analyzed, with such functional characteristics as thermal stability, gel strength, and emulsifying properties measured. The study results show that the skin gelatin of sea perch and tilapia obtained through the trypsin method has a relatively big molecular mass, a dense network structure, and a stable trihelix conformation. In addition, the skin gelatin of these three fish species has a relatively high β-turn content in the secondary structure, good gel strength, and water absorption properties. The compositions of the collagen-associated proteins in the skin gelatins of these three fish species extracted with the trypsin method are significantly different from each other, with positive effects of decorin and biglycan on the stability of the network structure of gelatin and a certain damaging effect of metalloendopeptidase on the network structure of gelatin. The skin gelatin of tilapia has high thermal stability and good emulsifying performance. Therefore, this gelatin type has bright application prospects in such fields as food processing, cosmetics, and drug development. In contrast, the skin gelatin of grass carp has poor functional properties. Therefore, there are significant differences among the structures and functions of skin gelatin extracted from different kinds of fish through the trypsin method. This finding has provided a useful reference for the production of customized fish gelatin according to demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Repairing articular osteochondral defects present considerable challenges in self-repair due to the complex tissue structure and low proliferation of chondrocytes. Conventional clinical therapies have not shown significant efficacy, including microfracture, autologous/allograft osteochondral transplantation, and cell-based techniques. Therefore, tissue engineering has been widely explored in repairing osteochondral defects by leveraging the natural regenerative potential of biomaterials to control cell functions. However, osteochondral tissue is a gradient structure with a smooth transition fromthe cartilage to subchondral bone, involving changes in chondrocytemorphologies and phenotypes, extracellular matrix components, collagen type and orientation, and cytokines. Bioinspired scaffolds have been developed by simulating gradient characteristics in heterogeneous tissues, such as the pores, components, and osteochondrogenesis-inducing factors, to satisfy the anisotropic features of osteochondral matrices. Bioinspired gradient scaffolds repair osteochondral defects by altering the microenvironments of cell growth to induce osteochondrogenesis and promote the formation of osteochondral interfaces compared with homogeneous scaffolds. This review outlines the meaningful strategies for repairing osteochondral defects by tissue engineering based on gradient scaffolds and predicts the pros and cons of prospective translation into clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University is the property of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This project promotes a human-computer interaction (HCI) approach where the movement of the cursor can be controlled by the camera in real time, it is an alternative to current methods including manual button entry or change the position of the physical computer mouse. Instead, it uses a camera and computer vision technology to control various mouse events and is capable performing all the tasks that a physical computer mouse can do. The Virtual Mouse color recognition program will continuously acquire in real time images, where the images go through a series of filters and conversions. Whenever the process is complete, the program will apply image processing technique to obtain the coordinates of the position of the targeted colors from converted frames. It then proceeds to compare the existing colors within the boxes with a list of color combinations where there are different combinations consists of various mouse functions. If the current color combination was found and match, the program will execute the mouse function, which will be translated into the actual function of the mouse to the user's computer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Path planning is one of the very important aspects of UAV navigation control, which refers to the UAV searching for an optimal or near-optimal route from the starting point to the end point according to the performance indexes such as time, distance, et al. The path planning problem has a long history and has more abundant algorithms. The path planning problem has a long history and a rich set of algorithms, but most of the current algorithms require a known environment, however, in most cases, the environment model is difficult to describe and obtain, and the algorithms perform less satisfactorily. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a UAV path planning method based on deep reinforcement learning algorithm. Based on the OpenAI-GYM architecture, a 3D map environment model is constructed, with the map grid as the state set and 26 actions as the action set, which does not need an environment model and relies on its own interaction with the environment to complete the path planning task. The algorithm is based on stochastic process theory, modeling the path planning problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), fitting the UAV path planning decision function and state-action function, and designing the DQN algorithm model according to the state space, action space and network structure. The algorithm enables the intelligences to carry out strategy iteration efficiently. Through simulation, the DQN algorithm is verified to avoid obstacles and complete the path planning task in only about 160 rounds, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed path planning algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, thermodynamic modelling of the process of thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil of Ozenmunaigas JSC, which includes compounds such as carbon, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chromium, phosphorus, manganese, copper, titanium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, and water, was carried out. The physicochemical and thermodynamic parameters of the complex system were calculated at P=0.1 MPa, T=598-3000 K. The concentration distribution of components, particles, and condensed phases in the gas phase has been established. In the process of thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil, the formation of condensed phases was as follows: SiO2(c), Al2O3(c), AlO3H3(c), Cu(c), Cu2O(c), FeO(c), Fe2O3(c), Fe3O4(c), Fe2SiO4(c), NiO(c), MnO(c), Mn3O4(c), MnO2H2(c), Cr2O3(c), MoO2(c), V2O3(c), V2O4(c), TiO2(c), MgSiO3(c), Mg2SiO4(c), MgTi2O5(c), Ca3P2O8(c), Mg2SiO4(c), MgTi2O5(c), Ca3P2O8(c), CaCO3(c), CaSiO3(c), CaTiO3(c), Na2Si2O5(c), K2Si4O9(c). At the same time, the amount of condensed calcium silicate CaSiO3(c) was significant and amounted to 3.2 mol/kg, which is due to the initial standard content of oxides of the type (g/kg): SiO2-473,7, CaO-181,5 in oil-contaminated soil. The formation of various types of condensed phases (from 10-30 to 10-4 mol/kg) during thermal degradation can help reduce the synergism and toxicity of metal particles in oil-contaminated soils. In the process of thermal destruction of oil-contaminated soil, its carbon-containing components (mg/kg: C12-6,27; C13-10,98; C14-15,69; C15-18,82; C16-23,52; C17-31,37; C18-27,80; C19-17,25; C20-29,80) were mainly converted into oxide, carbon dioxide, and water, and thereby neutralized the organic mass of the soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the functional characteristics of the line parameters based on the developed control software for speed, tension, regulation of traverse device for proper arrangement of the material on drum and temperature regulation. Speed and tension regulation is performed using the PLC controller S7 1500 series and conventional converters and inverters of the Sinamics DCM and G120 series. A control method was used where one device is the leader and all the others follow its speed with a given ratio and tensile control. Setting the parameters of conventional converters and inverters for controlling multi-motor drives was realized using the StartDrive tool. The temperature control of the extruder zones was done taking into account the mutual influence of the zones. Control and monitoring are implemented with software written in TIA Portal V15.1. software package. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为了对芝麻叶的开发提供参考，以芝麻叶超微粉为原料，以芝麻叶多酚提取率为指标，通过单因素实验和响应面实验优化超声微波协同辅助提取芝麻叶多酚的工艺条件。采用HPLC测定了芝麻叶多酚中绿原酸、咖啡酸、对香豆酸、阿魏酸、柚皮苷含量，并测定了芝麻叶多酚的DPPH·、ABTS+·清除能力和Fe3+还原力。结果表明：芝麻叶多酚最佳提取工艺条件为料液比1∶ 30、乙醇体积分数70%、浸提温度45 ℃、超声功率160 W、超声时间25 min、微波功率400 W、微波时间2 min，在此条件下芝麻叶多酚提取率为4.46%；芝麻叶多酚中阿魏酸含量最高，为2.068 mg/g，未检出对香豆酸；芝麻叶多酚能够有效清除DPPH·及ABTS+·，也具有一定的Fe3+还原力。综上，芝麻叶多酚具有一定的抗氧化活性，可以通过超声微波辅助的方法从芝麻叶中高效提取。 In order to provide a reference for the development of sesame leaves, the ultrafine powder of sesame leaves was used as raw material and the extraction rate of polyphenols was used as an indicator, and the technological parameters of ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction of polyphenols from sesame leaves were optimized by single factor experiment and response surface methodology. The contents of five phenolic substances (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, naringin) in polyphenols were determined by HPLC, and the scavenging ability of DPPH·and ABTS+·, and Fe3+ reducing power were also determined. The results showed that the optimal conditions of extracting polyphenols from sesame leaves were as follows: solid-liquid ratio 1∶ 30, ethanol volume fraction 70%, extraction temperature 45 ℃, ultrasonic power 160 W, ultrasonic time 25 min, microwave power 400 W, microwave time 2 min. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rate of polyphenols from sesame leaves was 4.46%. The content of ferulic acid in the polyphenols from sesame leaves was the highest, which was 2.068 mg/g, and no p-coumaric acid was detected. The polyphenols could effectively remove DPPH· and ABTS+·, and had certain Fe3+reducing ability. In conclusion, polyphenols from the sesame leaves have certain antioxidant activity and can be efficiently extracted from sesame leaves by ultrasonic microwave-assisted extraction method.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) databases play a vital role in bridging the gap between TCM and modern medicine, as well as in promoting the popularity of TCM. Elucidating the bioactive ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials is key to TCM modernization and new drug discovery. However, one drawback of current TCM databases is the lack of quantitative data on the constituents of Chinese medicinal materials. Herein, we present ccTCM, a web-based platform designed to provide a component and compound-content-based resource on TCM and analysis services for medical experts. In terms of design features, ccTCM combines resource distribution, similarity analysis, and molecular-mechanism analysis to accelerate the discovery of bioactive ingredients in TCM. ccTCM contains 273 Chinese medicinal materials commonly used in clinical settings, covering 29 functional classifications. By searching and comparing, we finally adopted 2043 studies, from which we collected the compounds contained in each TCM with content greater than 0.001 %, and a total of 1449 were extracted. Subsequently, we collected 40,767 compound-target pairs by integrating multiple databases. Taken together, ccTCM is a versatile platform that can be used by TCM scientists to perform scientific and clinical TCM studies based on quantified ingredients of Chinese medicinal materials. ccTCM is freely accessible at http://www.cctcm.org.cn.

The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review of the academic literature regarding applications of drones in road accident management. It is an attempt to address key research questions regarding its status, applications, solutions, challenges, and opportunities. It is the first scholarly study specifically devoted to this topic that we are aware of. A systematic search of the Web of Science and Scopus databases yielded 26 relevant articles out of 147 initially identified records. The findings indicate that the emphasis in earlier studies has predominantly been on accident investigation and analysis, with a specific focus on 3D accident scene reconstruction. This review also shows a growing trend towards adopting emerging technologies like drones and integrating them with Industry 4.0 technologies for efficient road accident management. The advantages of drones for each component of road accident management were explored, and their primary challenges were identified, which are linked to flight (permission or operation) and data (collection or processing). Despite the existence of different solution methodologies and frameworks, there remains a dearth of studies examining their suitability for complex accident cases, real-life scenarios, and large-scale accidents.