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151. Interaction-Oriented Software Engineering:Programming abstractions for autonomy and decentralization

Author

Chopra, Amit K. and Chopra, Amit K.

Abstract

We review the main ideas and elements of Interaction-Oriented Software Engineering (IOSE), a program of research that we have pursued for the last two decades, a span of time in which it has grown from philosophy to practical programming abstractions. What distinguishes IOSE from any other program of research is its emphasis on supporting autonomy by modeling the meaning of communication and using that as the basis for engineering decentralized sociotechnical systems. Meaning sounds esoteric but is the basis for practical decision making and a holy grail for the field of distributed systems. We describe our contributions so far, directions for research, and the potential for broad impact on computing.

Published
2022

152. Interaction-Oriented Software Engineering : Programming abstractions for autonomy and decentralization

Author

Chopra, Amit K. and Chopra, Amit K.

Abstract

We review the main ideas and elements of Interaction-Oriented Software Engineering (IOSE), a program of research that we have pursued for the last two decades, a span of time in which it has grown from philosophy to practical programming abstractions. What distinguishes IOSE from any other program of research is its emphasis on supporting autonomy by modeling the meaning of communication and using that as the basis for engineering decentralized sociotechnical systems. Meaning sounds esoteric but is the basis for practical decision making and a holy grail for the field of distributed systems. We describe our contributions so far, directions for research, and the potential for broad impact on computing.

Published
2022

155. Association between Drainage-Dependent Prolonged Air Leak after Partial Lung Resection and Clinical Outcomes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Author

Chopra, Amit, primary, Hu, Kurt, additional, Judson, Marc A., additional, Fabian, Thomas, additional, Nabagiez, John P., additional, Feustel, Paul J., additional, Fantauzzi, John, additional, Chieng, Hau, additional, Austin, Adam, additional, Vancavage, Rachel, additional, Maldonado, Fabien, additional, Rahman, Najib, additional, Huggins, John T., additional, and Doelken, Peter, additional

Published
2022
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158. Demographic and Clinical Correlates of Narcolepsy in Adolescents Hospitalized with Mood Disorders: A Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) Study.

Author

Patel, Rikinkumar S., Veluri, Nikhila, and Chopra, Amit

Subjects
AFFECTIVE disorders, NARCOLEPSY, BLACK youth, BIPOLAR disorder, MENTAL depression, OREXINS, WAKEFULNESS
Abstract

To discern the differences in demographic, clinical comorbidities, and hospital outcomes associated with narcolepsy in adolescents hospitalized for mood disorders. We included 639,064 adolescents hospitalized with mood disorders, that is, major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorders (BP) from the nationwide inpatient sample. About 0.04% of inpatients had comorbid narcolepsy (N = 267) and we extracted a demographically matched control group (N = 270) for comparison. Mood-disordered adolescents with narcolepsy had a higher prevalence of comorbid obesity (18.5% in BP,14.4% in MDD) and sleep apnea (9.3% in BP, 9.6% in MDD) compared to those without narcolepsy. Obesity and sleep apnea were significantly more prevalent in Black adolescents hospitalized for MDD and BP (P <.001). There was a higher percentage of females with BP and comorbid narcolepsy than males (59.9% vs 40.1%). In comparison, MDD and comorbid narcolepsy were observed more in males (57.1% vs 42.9%). Our study results suggest a significantly higher prevalence of obesity and sleep apnea comorbidity in mood-disordered adolescents with narcolepsy with an overall negative impact on hospital outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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162. A 26-year old young male with severe anemia

Author

Salick, Muhammad, primary, Chaudhary, Raghav, additional, Robledo, Fabiana Maria, additional, Datar, Praveen B., additional, Htoo, Arkar, additional, Shkolnik, Boris, additional, Chong, Woon Hean, additional, Chopra, Amit, additional, and Saha, Biplab K., additional

Published
2022
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170. Contributors

Author

Abdelmalak, Basem B., Abu-Omar, Yasir, Achilli, Felice, Adams, Sasha D., Aguirre-Bermeo, Hernán, Ahmed, Anas A., Aiello, Salvatore R., Akbari, Ayub, Alarcon, Louis H., Aldo, F. Luke, Alfaro-Maguyon, Maria Estela, Amin, Arpit, Angeli, Paolo, Annoni, Filippo, Antonelli, Massimo, Antongiorgi, Zarah D., Antoniadou, Anastasia, Arnaoutakis, Dean J., Astiz, Mark E., Azoulay, Élie, Baeza, Cristian, Baldisseri, Marie R., Balogh, Zsolt J., Banerjee, Arna, Bansal, Shweta, Barbier, François, Barjaktarevic, Igor, Bassin, Sarice L., Bastarache, Julie A., Baturin, Brian, Bausch, Daniel G., Beaulieu, Yanick, Beaver, Thomas, Bello, Giuseppe, Bellomo, Rinaldo, Bentea, Georgiana, Bermeo-Ovalle, Adriana C., Bernard, Gordon R., Berry, Cherisse, Bierens, Joost, Biffl, Walter L., Bihari, Shailesh, Bleck, Thomas P., Bledsoe, Thomas A., Bloch, Karen C., Boggild, Andrea K., Boncyk, Christina, Bond, Geoffrey J., Bradshaw, Michael J., Brakenridge, Scott, Branson, Richard D., Brimioulle, Serge, Brinson, Erika L., Brocca, Alessandra, Broman, Marcus Ewert, Brook, Itzhak, Brown, Christian J., Brunsvold, Melissa E., Buetti, Niccolò, Bulger, Eileen M., Cain, Christian, Calverley, Peter M.A., Cappelletty, Diane M., Casado-Arroyo, Ruben, Cecconi, Maurizio, Chae, June M., Chawla, Lakhmir S., Chan, Edward D., Chandrashekaran, Satish, Chandrika, Sharad, Chang, Wan-Tsu W., Chen, Dhruti P., Chopra, Amit, Christie, S. Ariane, Christman, John W., Cioci, Alessia C., Clark, Edward G., Cocanour, Christine, Cohen, Mitchell, Cole, Kelli A., Coleman, Lauren, Collins, Caitlin, Cook, Jared, Cooney, Robert N., Corbridge, Thomas, Cornely, Oliver A., Cortes-Lopez, Roxana, Crandall, Marie L., Čretnik, Andrej, Ashley, Chasen, Crouser, Elliott D., Navarro, Jovany Cruz, Curtis, J. Randall, Dalton, Heidi J., Darby, Joseph M., Davies, John D., Dayton, Orrin L., D’Costa, Rohit L., de Smet, Anne Marie G.A., Desai, Mehul A., Deutschman, Clifford, Dexter, Amanda M., Dhillon, Anahat, Muzio, Francesca Di, Diaz, Jose J., Jr., Dixon, Alexandra L., Doelken, Peter, Doidge, James, Dolinak, Joan, Donahoe, Michael, Driscoll, Ian R., Elhassan, Elwaleed A., Elie-Turenne, Marie Carmelle, Elmufdi, Firas, Ely, E. Wesley, Emlet, Lillian L., Emtiazjoo, Amir M., Ershoff, Brent, Estrera, Anthony L., Faggiano, Chiara, Falk, Ronald J., Farmer, Brenna, Farwell, Alan P., Feild, Carinda, Feller-Kopman, David, Hernandez, Samantha Fernandez, Ferrando-Vivas, Paloma, Ferrer, Miguel, Fisher, Caleb, Fishman, Guy, Flock, Jens, IV, Forman, Lisa, Fortune, Brett E., Freedman, Barry I., Fried, Elchanan, Gambino, Carmine, Gardiner, Dale, Gattinoni, Luciano, Gazmuri, Raúl J., Gehr, Todd W.B., Gerlach, Herwig, Ghobrial, R. Mark, Giamarellou, Helen, Ginsberg, Fredric, Gleason, Thomas G., Gorcsan, John, III, Gozal, Yaacov, Gradon, Jeremy D., Graves, Cornelia R., Greco, Massimiliano, Gregoretti, Cesare, Gropper, Michael A., Gubbins, Paul O., Gudzenko, Vadim, Gunnerson, Kyle J., Gunst, Jan, Gustafson, Kate S., Haase, Michael, Haase-Fielitz, Anja, Habib, Fahim, Harbrecht, Brian G., Harrison, David, Hill, Nicholas S., Hiremath, Swapnil, Hladik, Gerald A., Hoffman, Marcus K., Hollenberg, Steven M., Hoste, Eric A.J., Hsu, Albert, Huang, David T., Huber, Thomas S., Huggins, J. Terrill, Hamera, Joseph A., Ibrahim, Joseph Abdellatif, Isaac, Margaret L., Jabbour, Ibrahim I., Jacquerioz, Frederique A., Jadhav, Ashutosh, P., Jain, Sumeet V., Jansson, Paul S., Jeng, Eric I., Jozwiak, Mathieu, Kabrhel, Christopher, Kain, Taylor, Kaufman, David C., Kaynar, A. Murat, Kellum, John A., Kerwin, Andrew J., Kidd, Jason, Kilic, Arman, Kim, Donghee, Knudson, M. Margaret, Koehler, Philipp, Kollef, Marin H., Kormos, Robert L., Košir, Roman, Kotloff, Robert M., Kotzen, Elizabeth S., Koulenti, Despoina, Kratzert, Wolf Benjamin, Kumar, Anand, Langness, Simone, Lee, Jin, Leisman, Daniel, Leung, Angela M., Levin, Phillip D., Levy, Jerrold H., Levy, Mitchell M., Lewandowski, David C., Lewis, Anthony J., Bassi, Gianluigi Li, Liebman, Scott, Linas, Stuart L., Linefsky, Jason P., Lipman, Jeffrey, Lipsett, Pamela A., Lipshutz, Angela K.M., Loftus, Tyler J., Lopez-Magallon, Alejandro J., Lother, Sylvain, MacIntyre, Neil R., Magder, Sheldon, Maggiolini, Stefano, Mahajan, Aman, Maine, Rebecca, Maisch, Bernhard, Mancebo, Jordi, Mann, Henry J., Manocha, Sanjay, Margulies, Daniel R., Marik, Paul E., Marini, John J., Markan, Sandeep, Martinez-Camacho, Alvaro, Marx, William, Mayr, Florian B., Mazariegos, George V., McClave, Stephen A., McGloughlin, Steven A., McLean, Anna W., McMichael, Ali B.V., Meltzer, Joseph S., Merola, Raffaele, Messina, Antonio, Micek, Scott T., Mohammed, Subhan, Mohr, Alicia M., Monard, Celine, Monnet, Xavier, Montford, John, Moore, Ernest E., Moore, Frederick A., Moore, Hunter B., Moore, Laura J., Moore, Peter K., Mort, Thomas C., Motayar, Nasim, Muñoz, Ricardo A., Naber, Kurt G., Nadkarni, Vinay M., Nair, Girish B., Namias, Nicholas, Krishna, Vinay Narasimha, Nassikas, Nicholas J., New, Melissa L., Nguyen-Lee, Jennifer, Niccum, David E., Niederman, Michael S., Niven, Alexander S., Oddo, Mauro, Omer, Endashaw, Oostdijk, Evelien A.N., Opal, Steven M., Opdam, Helen I., Otto, Catherine M., Pannu, Sonal R., Parrillo, Joseph E., Pasero, Daniela, Patel, Rohit Pravin, Paterson, David L., Pavot, Arthur, Peitzman, Andrew B., Peluso, Lorenzo, Penoyer, Daleen Aragon, Pepe, Judith L., Pergakis, Melissa B., Peters, Steve G., Phelps, Mitch A., Picard, Fabien, Pilatz, Adrian, Piovesana, Giovanni, Pitisci, Lorenzo, Pollandt, Sebastian, Protti, Alessandro, Puyana, Juan Carlos, Puzio, Thaddeus J., Ra, Jin H., Raghu, Vikram K., Ramsingh, Davinder, Ranieri, V. Marco, Reynolds, Joshua C., Rimmelé, Thomas, Ristic, Arsen D., Rizzo, LTC Julie A., Robertson, Claudia S., Robinson, Christopher P., Robinson, Todd W., Roche-Campo, Ferran, Rodriguez, Ryan, Romito, Bryan T., Rosenthal, Martin D., Rowan, Daniel J., Rubenfeld, Gordon D., Rubin, Lewis J., Salgado, Juan C., Sambin, Pauline, Sánchez-de-Toledo, Joan, Santonocito, Cristina, Sappington, Penny Lynn, Sartelli, Massimo, Savelieva, Irina, Schott, Christopher K., Schouten, Jeroen A., Schreiber, Martin A., Schulman, Carl, See, Emily J., Seese, Laura M., Selickman, John, Sempsrott, Justin, Sethuraman, Kinjal N., Shemie, Sam D., Shiloh, Ariel L., Silvis, Jennifer L., Singer, Pierre, Singh, Sumit P., Sreedharan, Roshni, Steinberg, Alexis, Streichenberger, Antoine, Szpilman, David, Szychowiak, Piotr, Taccone, Fabio Silvio, Tanaka, Akiko, Tanner, Colby, Tawfik, Pierre N., Teboul, Jean-Louis, Teitelbaum, Isaac, Terragni, Pierpaolo, Thom, Stephen R., Thompson, Ashley, Timsit, Jean-Francois, Tisherman, Samuel A., Todd, S. Rob, Tolwani, Ashita J., Tonetti, Tommaso, Tonon, Marta, Torres, Antoni, Toscano, Nicole C., Tsai, Lillian L., Turner, Cody D., Tyndall, J. Adrian, Tzeng, Edith, Berghe, Greet Van den, van Zanten, Arthur R.H., Vanommeslaeghe, Floris, Vanzant, Erin L., Venkataraman, Ramesh, Verdiner, Ricardo E., Vincent, Jean-Louis, Wagenlehner, Florian M.E., Walker, Paul Phillip, Walley, Keith, Walter, James, Wang, Tisha, Wang, Kevin K.W., Ward, Nicholas S., Ware, Lorraine B., Warrillow, Stephen, Watson, Gregory A., Wechsler, Lawrence R., Weissman, Charles, Wille, Keith M., Wunderink, Richard G., Yang, Zhihui, Yende, Sachin, Yi, Stephanie Grace, Young, Paul, Zeitler, Evan, and Zhao, Frank Z.

Published
2024
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172. Assessment of Hypertensive Retinopathy Signs as Risk Indicators of Cardiovascular Morbidity and Mortality.

Author

Chopra, Amit, Sharma, Rajan, and Arora, Sahil

Subjects
*HYPERTENSION, *BLOOD pressure, *CARDIOVASCULAR diseases risk factors, *HEART diseases, *ISCHEMIC stroke
Abstract

Background: To assess hypertensive retinopathy signs as risk indicators of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Material and Methods: Eighty patients of hypertension of either gender was included. Blood pressure was measured using palpatory method. Eye examination was carried by an expert eye surgeon. Stereoscopic 30° color fundus photographs centered on the disc and macula and a nonstereoscopic color fundus photograph temporal were taken in each eye. Results: Out of 80 patients, males were 38 and females were 42. Out of 80 patients, hypertensive retinopathy was seen in 30 patients as grade 1 in 12, grade 2 in 9, grade 3 in 5 and grade 4 in 4 cases. The difference was significant (P< 0.05). It was shown that 1 patient of hypertensive retinopathy of grade 3 and 4 each developed stroke and 1 patient of grade 2 and 3 and 2 patients of grade 4 developed ischaemic heart disease at 1 year follow up. Cardiovascular morbidity increases with increasing grade (P> 0.05). Conclusion: We have noticed as per results that as the grade of hypertensive retinopathy increases the chances of stroke & ischaemic heart disease increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022

180. Are We Choosing the Most Cost-Effective Treatment Option for the Management of Malignant Pleural Effusions?

Author

Chopra, Amit and Hu, Kurt

Subjects
PLEURAL effusions, MEDICAL drainage
Abstract

The article explores the cost-effectiveness of managing malignant pleural effusions (MPEs), highlighting IPC with talc instillation as a viable option. Topics discussed include comparing healthcare costs, disparities in patient characteristics, and the potential impact of different cancer types on treatment outcomes.

Published
2024
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181. Commitment-based service-oriented architecture

Author

Singh, Munindar P., Chopra, Amit K., and Desai, Nirmit

Subjects
Service oriented architecture (Software design) -- Analysis, Systems engineering -- Evaluation
Published
2009

182. Additional file 2 of Blood DNA methylation and COVID-19 outcomes

Author

Balnis, Joseph, Madrid, Andy, Hogan, Kirk J., Drake, Lisa A., Chieng, Hau C., Tiwari, Anupama, Vincent, Catherine E., Chopra, Amit, Vincent, Peter A., Robek, Michael D., Singer, Harold A., Alisch, Reid S., and Jaitovich, Ariel

Abstract

Additional file 2. Comparison of chronologic age and “epigenetic clock” age between COVID-19 patients and healthy pre-pandemic controls.

Published
2021
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194. The Tale of Two Pneumothoraces after Bronchoscopic Lung Volume Reduction.

Author

Kurt Hu, Benn, Bryan S., Doelken, Peter, Chopra, Amit, Hu, Kurt, and S Benn, Bryan

Abstract

The article discusses the a 61-year-oldman with severe emphysema who underwent bronchoscopic lung volume reduction (BLVR) of the right upper lobe using three endobronchial valves (EBVs). His pulmonary function test (PFT) before BLVR showed severe airflow obstruction, hyperinflation, and air trapping, and he underwent urgent decompression with tube thoracostomy.

Published
2022
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195. Higher serum levels of Chemokine CCL19 are associated with poor SARS-CoV-2 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) outcomes

Author

Balnis, Joseph, Adam, Alejandro P, Chopra, Amit, Chieng, Hau C, Feustel, Paul J, Overmyer, Katherine A, Shishkova, Evgenia, Coon, Joshua C, Singer, Harold A, Hudson, Marc A, and Jaitovich, Ariel

Abstract

COVID19 pandemic has so far caused over three hundred thousand deaths worldwide, primarily due to complications from SARS-CoV-2-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). While an ARDS-driven hyperinflammatory phenotype is associated with higher mortality in non-COVID patients, there is little information on how cytokines and chemokines expressions correlate with clinical outcomes in COVID19 patients. We prospectively enrolled a cohort of 41 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome on mechanical ventilation. Patients blood was obtained at enrollment and outcome measures were liberation from mechanical ventilation and hospital-free days. We determined the expression levels of 44 circulating cytokines/chemokines and found 13 of them associated with worse outcomes. After correcting for multiple comparisons/false discovery rate, only one chemokine (CCL19) remained significantly associated with outcomes (p=0.009). Although not described in association with COVID19, this chemokine was previously found elevated in an animal model of SARS-CoV. Moreover, CCL19 seems to be relevant for bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue (BALT) maintenance and for lung immunity to influenza virus. While this finding requires corroboration, CCL19 determination could facilitate early identification COVID19-ARDS patients at higher risk of death and be novel target for immunotherapy in this setting.

Published
2020
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196. Pippi: Practical Protocol Instantiation

Author

H. Christie V, Samuel H., Chopra, Amit K., Singh, Munindar P., H. Christie V, Samuel H., Chopra, Amit K., and Singh, Munindar P.

Published
2021

197. Accountability as a Foundation for Requirements in Sociotechnical Systems

Author

Chopra, Amit K., Singh, Munindar P., Chopra, Amit K., and Singh, Munindar P.

Abstract

We understand sociotechnical systems (STSs) as uniting social and technical tiers to provide abstractions for capturing how autonomous principals interact with each other. Accountability is a foundational concept in STSs and an essential component of achieving ethical outcomes. In simple terms, accountability involves identifying who can call whom to account and who must provide an accounting of what and when. Although accountability is essential in any application involving autonomous parties, established methods do not support it. We formulate an accountability requirement as one where one principal is accountable to another regarding some conditional expectation. Our metamodel for STSs captures accountability requirements as relational constructs inspired from legal concepts, such as commitments, authorization, and prohibition. We apply our metamodel to a healthcare process and show how it helps address the problems of ineffective interaction identified in the original case study.

Published
2021

198. Deserv:Decentralized Serverless Computing

Author

Christie V, Samuel H., Chopra, Amit K., Singh, Munindar P., Christie V, Samuel H., Chopra, Amit K., and Singh, Munindar P.

Abstract

A decentralized application involves multiple autonomous principals, e.g., humans and organizations. Autonomy motivates (i) specifying a decentralized application via a protocol that captures the interactions between the principals, and (ii) a programming model that enables each principal to independently (from other principals) construct its own protocol-compliant agent. An agent encodes its principal's decision making and represents it in the application. We contribute Deserv, the first protocol-based programming model for decentralized applications that is suited to the cloud. Specifically, Deserv demonstrates how to leverage function-as-a-service (FaaS), a popular serverless programming model, to implement agents. A notable feature of Deserv is the use declarative protocols to specify interactions. Declarative protocols support implementing stateful agents in a manner that naturally exploits the concurrency and autoscaling benefits offered by serverless computing.

Published
2021

199. Deserv : Decentralized Serverless Computing

Author

Christie V, Samuel H., Chopra, Amit K., Singh, Munindar P., Christie V, Samuel H., Chopra, Amit K., and Singh, Munindar P.

Abstract

A decentralized application involves multiple autonomous principals, e.g., humans and organizations. Autonomy motivates (i) specifying a decentralized application via a protocol that captures the interactions between the principals, and (ii) a programming model that enables each principal to independently (from other principals) construct its own protocol-compliant agent. An agent encodes its principal's decision making and represents it in the application. We contribute Deserv, the first protocol-based programming model for decentralized applications that is suited to the cloud. Specifically, Deserv demonstrates how to leverage function-as-a-service (FaaS), a popular serverless programming model, to implement agents. A notable feature of Deserv is the use declarative protocols to specify interactions. Declarative protocols support implementing stateful agents in a manner that naturally exploits the concurrency and autoscaling benefits offered by serverless computing.

Published
2021

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