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This article focuses on what may be depleting people's capacity to ride a bike in cities. 'Capacity to cycle' is here understood not as a behavioural trait or in terms of infrastructure provision, but, taking our lead from Deleuze and Guattari, as a desiring cycling-machine. We argue this offers a way to envisage depleting, or enhancing, capacities to cycle as a working socio-material arrangement that make, remake, and unmake cycling-bodies and spaces. The article draws upon mixed-qualitative research conducted with 18 adults who own bikes in 2019, but no longer ride in the City of Sydney, Australia. Three vignettes draw attention to the opposing forces that support and dissolve cycling bodily capacities over the course of repeated, routine city bike journeys. We illustrate those depleting bodily capacities to cycle for transport involve sensations of the self, pedalling through space. It follows that a shift towards cycling mobilities demands related incorporation into planning of the transformative impacts of the near-at-hand and social norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study Design: Prospective single-cohort analysis. Objectives: To compare the outcomes/complications of 2 robotic systems for spine surgery. Methods: Adult patients (≥18-years-old) who underwent robot-assisted spine surgery from 2016-2019 were assessed. A propensity score matching (PSM) algorithm was used to match Mazor X to Renaissance cases. Preoperative CT scan for planning and an intraoperative O-arm for screw evaluation were preformed. Outcomes included screw accuracy, robot time/screw, robot abandonment, and radiation. Screw accuracy was measured using Vitrea Core software by 2 orthopedic surgeons. Screw breach was measured according to the Gertzbein/Robbins classification. Results: After PSA, a total of 65 patients (Renaissance: 22 vs. X: 43) were included. Patient/operative factors were similar between robot systems (P >.05). The pedicle screw accuracy was similar between robots (Renaissance: 1.1%% vs. X: 1.3%, P =.786); however, the S2AI screw breach rate was significantly lower for the X (Renaissance: 9.5% vs. X: 1.2%, P =.025). Robot time per screw was not statistically different (Renaissance: 4.6 minutes vs. X: 3.9 minutes, P =.246). The X was more reliable with an abandonment rate of 2.3% vs. Renaissance:22.7%, P =.007. Radiation exposure were not different between robot systems. Non-robot related complications including dural tear, loss of motor/sensory function, and blood transfusion were similar between robot systems. Conclusion: This is the first comparative analyses of screw accuracy, robot time/screw, robot abandonment, and radiation exposure between the Mazor X and Renaissance systems. There are substantial improvements in the X robot, particularly in the perioperative planning processes, which likely contribute to the X's superiority in S2AI screw accuracy by nearly 8-fold and robot reliability by nearly 10-fold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Evaluate clinical improvement as measured by patient-reported outcomes (PROs) during the 1 to 2-year interval. Study Design: Retrospective Cohort. Methods: A single-institution registry of ASD patients undergoing surgery was queried for patients with ≥6 level fusions. Demographics and radiographic variables were collected. PROs collected were the ODI and SRS-22r scores at: preoperative, 1-year and 2-years. Outcome measures of clinical improvement during the 1-2 year time interval were: 1) group medians, 2) percent minimum clinically important difference (MCID), and 3) percent minimal symptom scale (MSS)(ODI < 20 or SRS-pain + function >8). Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, chi-squared tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression were performed. Results: 157 patients undergoing ASD surgery with minimum of 1-year follow-up were included. Mean age was 53.2 and mean instrumented levels was 13.1. Preoperative alignment was: Neutral Alignment (NA) 49%, Coronal Malalignment (CM) 17%, Sagittal Malalignment (SM 17%), and Combined Coronal/Sagittal Malalignment (CCSM) 18%. Preoperative to 1-year, and preoperative to 2-years, all ODI/SRS-22r significantly improved (P <.001). In all patients, the only significant improvement in PROs between 1-and 2-year postoperative were those reaching ODI MCID (69% 1-year vs. 84% 2-years; P <.001). Subgroup analysis: ≥55 years had an improved median ODI (18 vs. 8; P =.047) and an improved percent achieving ODI MCID (73% vs. 84%, P =.048). CCSM patients experienced significant improvement in SRS-appearance score (75% vs. 100%; P =.050), along with those with severe preoperative SM >7.5 cm (73% vs. 100%; P =.032). Conclusions: Most ASD patients experience the majority of PRO improvement by 1-year postoperative. However, subsets of patients that may continue to improve up to 2-years postoperative include patients ≥55 years, combined coronal/sagittal malalignment, and those with severe sagittal malalignment ≥7.5 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper looks at the history of self advocacy in England. Self advocacy has helped many people with learning difficulties to speak up and gain more confidence. But now it is associated with Government policy. After Valuing People, people expect self advocacy organizations to speak up for everyone with learning difficulties. This might mean there is less time and space to help new people learn about speaking up as individuals. It is important to find ways to support self advocacy groups, especially those run by people themselves, to avoid this happening.

The appearance and integration of e‐bikes in public space is a source of much debate worldwide. This paper offers insights to these debates by reflecting on how Deleuze and Guattari's concept of assemblage as territory helps us to understand the uptake of e‐bike commuter cycling during the Covid‐19 pandemic through empirical material from a study conducted in Sydney, Australia. Here we conceptualise commuter journeys in terms of processes of deterritorialisation and reterritorialisation; experienced through the affective territories generated by e‐bikes. The disclosure of commuter cycling sensations generated by the pandemic disruptions to commuter routines provided an important lens through which to understand the uptake of e‐bikes. The paper concludes by showing the utility of the concept of territory as a means of theorising changes to everyday mobility practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cycling has cut across public health and policy forums in the last decade given trends in urban governance for liveability and uptake of cycling during the COVID‐19 pandemic. This review discusses work that helps understand where, how, and why time spent cycling can contribute to health and well‐being. The review discusses how cycling geographies offers an alternative to biomedical approaches that measure the risks versus the medical benefits of riding a bike. The paper is structured around three key themes that characterise contemporary cycling geographies (a) cycling and neoliberalism; (b) cycling citizenship; and (c) everyday cycling. The paper argues, these studies have not gone far enough in understanding the relationship between well‐being and cycling. To help address this gap the review offers a 'mobile territories of well‐being' framework. To conclude, consideration is given to the policy implications of a cycling geographies research agenda engaging with a mobile territories of well‐being framework. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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