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151. Detailed Analysis of Pedestrian Casualty Collisions in Victoria, Australia

Author

Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, de Rome, Liz, Ivers, Rebecca, Stevenson, Mark, Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, de Rome, Liz, Ivers, Rebecca, and Stevenson, Mark

Abstract

Objective: Pedestrian road trauma is significant in Australia and requires in-depth understanding to improve or inform new countermeasures. Analyses on single data sources can be limited. This study investigated demographic, behavioral, environmental, and collision characteristics of pedestrian injury in Victoria, Australia, over a 5-year period using multiple data sources. Methods: Victorian state police, hospital presentation, hospital admission, and coronial data sets were analyzed and compared for the years 2004 to 2008. Results: Analyses identified 3,702 police-recorded pedestrian casualties (deaths and injuries, of which 256 were deaths), 5,008 pedestrian traffic-related hospital presentations, and 2,802 pedestrian admissions. Trend analyses showed significant increases in police casualty and hospitalization rates per 100,000 population. Age groups most commonly involved were those aged 18–24 especially on weekends, 75+ especially on weekday days, and 13- to 17-year-olds especially at school commute times. Proportionally more cases were male in all data sets. One quarter of coroner-examined deaths involved alcohol and one third involved drugs. Two thirds of police-recorded casualties occurred on weekdays, and 45% of weekend casualties occurred at night. Most casualties occurred in urban areas (95%), in lower-speed zones (78%); however, 79% of rural casualties occurred in high-speed zones, of which more were fatal. Over half did not occur at intersections. The most common injuries were fractures as well as multiple injuries, which together with intracranial injuries, were most common among fatalities (50 and 34%, respectively). Serious injury was more likely in older pedestrians, in males, in rural areas, in 60–80 km/h zones, in areas with poor lighting, while crossing a carriageway, not at an intersection, and when struck by a heavy vehicle. Conclusions: Findings indicate pedestrian serious injury rates are increasing and identify t

Published
2014

152. The role of sleepiness, sleep disorders, and the work environment on heavy-vehicle crashes in 2 Australian states

Author

Stevenson, Mark, Elkington, Jane, Sharwood, Lisa, Meuleners, Lynn, Ivers, Rebecca, Boufous, Soufiane, Williamson, Ann, Haworth, Narelle, Quinlan, Michael, Grunstein, Ronald, Norton, Robyn, Wong, Keith, Stevenson, Mark, Elkington, Jane, Sharwood, Lisa, Meuleners, Lynn, Ivers, Rebecca, Boufous, Soufiane, Williamson, Ann, Haworth, Narelle, Quinlan, Michael, Grunstein, Ronald, Norton, Robyn, and Wong, Keith

Abstract

Heavy-vehicle driving involves a challenging work environment and a high crash rate. We investigated the associations of sleepiness, sleep disorders, and work environment (including truck characteristics) with the risk of crashing between 2008 and 2011 in the Australian states of New South Wales and Western Australia. We conducted a case-control study of 530 heavy-vehicle drivers who had recently crashed and 517 heavy-vehicle drivers who had not. Drivers' crash histories, truck details, driving schedules, payment rates, sleep patterns, and measures of health were collected. Subjects wore a nasal flow monitor for 1 night to assess for obstructive sleep apnea. Driving schedules that included the period between midnight and 5:59 am were associated with increased likelihood of crashing (odds ratio = 3.42, 95% confidence interval: 2.04, 5.74), as were having an empty load (odds ratio = 2.61, 95% confidence interval: 1.72, 3.97) and being a less experienced driver (odds ratio = 3.25, 95% confidence interval: 2.37, 4.46). Not taking regular breaks and the lack of vehicle safety devices were also associated with increased crash risk. Despite the high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea, it was not associated with the risk of a heavy-vehicle nonfatal, nonsevere crash. Scheduling of driving to avoid midnight-to-dawn driving and the use of more frequent rest breaks are likely to reduce the risk of heavy-vehicle nonfatal, nonsevere crashes by 2–3 times.

Published
2014

153. Reporting injury in older people : epidemiological profile and knowledge gains from data linkage

Author

Boufous, Soufiane

Subjects
Falls (Accidents) in old age, Epidemiology, Injury, Older people, data linkage
Abstract

As the populations ages rapidly, injury in older people is increasingly becoming a major health problem. This thesis examines the epidemiology of common injuries in older people and how data linkage can improve injury surveillance as well as knowledge about the circumstances and outcomes of injury in older people. These issues are explored using data from New South Wales, Australia and the emphasis is on injuries resulting from falls and traffic crashes as the most common mechanisms of injury in older people. The epidemiology and trends of hospitalisations as a result of hip, pelvic and wrist fractures are examined using NSW hospitalisation data during the 1990's. Internal data linkage of the 2000-2001 NSW hospitalisation data is used to eliminate double counting of hospital admissions for injurious falls in older people and to assess the validity and estimate the effects of previously used approaches on the incidence of hospitalised falls. Probabilistic data linkage of hospital and police crash records for the same year is also used to examine data quality in both collections and to explore the relationship between the circumstances and outcomes of injury in older drivers injured in a traffic crash. The findings of the epidemiological profile of hip, pelvic and wrist fractures in older people indicate that they are likely to continue to impose a considerable burden on acute health care services. The internal linkage of hospital data shows that data linkage techniques allow the identification of incident cases of hospitalised falls and point to the low validity of previously used approaches to estimate the incidence of these cases. Record linkage of hospital and police records demonstrates the limitations of using the datasets separately to examine the burden of traffic injuries in older people and shows the importance of environmental factors, complex road intersections in particular, in high injury severity in older drivers. The thesis also discusses some of the challenges of using record linkage for injury research and highlights the importance of including the date of injury and a unique personal identifier to improve the surveillance and reporting of injuries, including those in older people.

Published
2006
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155. Effects of a Safe Transportation Educational Program for Older Drivers on Driving Exposure and Community Participation: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Author

Coxon, Kristy, Chevalier, Anna, Brown, Julie, Clarke, Elizabeth, Billot, Laurent, Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, and Keay, Lisa

Subjects
TRAFFIC safety education, OLDER automobile drivers, TRANSPORTATION safety measures, COMMUNITY involvement, OCCUPATIONAL therapists, EXPERIENCE, BEHAVIOR modification, OLDER people, TRAINING, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, TRAFFIC safety, AUTOMOBILE driving, AGING, BEHAVIOR, COMMUNITIES, CONFIDENCE intervals, CURRICULUM planning, MENTAL depression, DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities, DOBUTAMINE, EDUCATION, MARRIAGE, MEDICAL needs assessment, METROPOLITAN areas, RURAL conditions, SAFETY, SOCIALIZATION, TRANSPORTATION, COMORBIDITY, CONTROL groups, INDEPENDENT living, DATA analysis software, DESCRIPTIVE statistics
Abstract

Objectives To ascertain whether a safe-transportation program can change driving exposure while maintaining community participation of older drivers. Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting Northwest Sydney. Participants Drivers aged 75 and older (mean 80 ± 4) (n = 380). Intervention Intervention group participated in an individualized, one-on-one safe-transportation program adapted from the Knowledge Enhances Your Safety curriculum. A registered occupational therapist delivered the intervention in two sessions held approximately 1 month apart. Measurements An in-vehicle monitoring device hardwired into participants' vehicles measured driving exposure. Community participation was measured using the Keele Assessment of Participation. A staging algorithm based on the Precaution Adoption Process Model measured behavior change toward increased and sustained driving self-regulation. Main outcomes were distance driven per week over 12 months and community participation. Secondary outcomes were behavior change, depressive symptoms, and alternate transportation use. Generalized estimating equations were used to model effect on driving exposure, adjusting for weekly measures, and ordinal regression was used to analyze differences in behavior change profiles between groups using an intention-to-treat approach. Results Participants were randomized after baseline assessment-190 each to the intervention and control groups. One hundred eighty-three of 190 completed the intervention and 366 of 380 completed the study. On average, participants drove 140 ± 167 km/wk. Although there was no significant difference between the groups in distance driven per week over 12 months (between-group difference −5.5 km, 95% confidence interval ( CI) = −24.5-13.5 km, p = .57), intervention group participants showed greater readiness to engage in self-regulatory driving practices, such as reporting avoiding driving at night or at rush hours, than control group participants (odds ratio ( OR) = 1.6, 95% CI = 1.1-2.3, P = .02). At 12 months, use of alternate transportation was similar (between-group difference 0.1, 95% CI = −1.4-1.6, P = .90). Although there was no difference in community participation (between-group difference −0.1, 95% CI = −0.6-0.3, P = .59), older drivers with low function in the intervention group were 3.1 times as likely to report depressive symptoms (95% CI = 1.04-9.2, P = .04) than those with low function in the control group. Conclusion An individualized safe-transportation program can promote behavior change but did not translate to significant differences in weekly mileage after 12 months. Longer follow-up may detect changes over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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158. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author

Wang, Haidong, primary, Liddell, Chelsea A, additional, Coates, Matthew M, additional, Mooney, Meghan D, additional, Levitz, Carly E, additional, Schumacher, Austin E, additional, Apfel, Henry, additional, Iannarone, Marissa, additional, Phillips, Bryan, additional, Lofgren, Katherine T, additional, Sandar, Logan, additional, Dorrington, Rob E, additional, Rakovac, Ivo, additional, Jacobs, Troy A, additional, Liang, Xiaofeng, additional, Zhou, Maigeng, additional, Zhu, Jun, additional, Yang, Gonghuan, additional, Wang, Yanping, additional, Liu, Shiwei, additional, Li, Yichong, additional, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, additional, Abera, Semaw Ferede, additional, Abubakar, Ibrahim, additional, Achoki, Tom, additional, Adelekan, Ademola, additional, Ademi, Zanfina, additional, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, additional, Allen, Peter J, additional, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, additional, Alvarez, Elena, additional, Amankwaa, Adansi A, additional, Amare, Azmeraw T, additional, Ammar, Walid, additional, Anwari, Palwasha, additional, Cunningham, Solveig Argeseanu, additional, Asad, Majed Masoud, additional, Assadi, Reza, additional, Banerjee, Amitava, additional, Basu, Sanjay, additional, Bedi, Neeraj, additional, Bekele, Tolesa, additional, Bell, Michelle L, additional, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, additional, Blore, Jed D, additional, Basara, Berrak Bora, additional, Boufous, Soufiane, additional, Breitborde, Nicholas, additional, Bruce, Nigel G, additional, Bui, Linh Ngoc, additional, Carapetis, Jonathan R, additional, Cárdenas, Rosario, additional, Carpenter, David O, additional, Caso, Valeria, additional, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, additional, Catalá-Lopéz, Ferrán, additional, Cavlin, Alanur, additional, Che, Xuan, additional, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, additional, Chowdhury, Rajiv, additional, Christophi, Costas A, additional, Chuang, Ting-Wu, additional, Cirillo, Massimo, additional, da Costa Leite, Iuri, additional, Courville, Karen J, additional, Dandona, Lalit, additional, Dandona, Rakhi, additional, Davis, Adrian, additional, Dayama, Anand, additional, Deribe, Kebede, additional, Dharmaratne, Samath D, additional, Dherani, Mukesh K, additional, Dilmen, Uğur, additional, Ding, Eric L, additional, Edmond, Karen M, additional, Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich, additional, Farzadfar, Farshad, additional, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, additional, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, additional, Foigt, Nataliya, additional, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, additional, Garcia, Ana C, additional, Geleijnse, Johanna M, additional, Gessner, Bradford D, additional, Goginashvili, Ketevan, additional, Gona, Philimon, additional, Goto, Atsushi, additional, Gouda, Hebe N, additional, Green, Mark A, additional, Greenwell, Karen Fern, additional, Gugnani, Harish Chander, additional, Gupta, Rahul, additional, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, additional, Hammami, Mouhanad, additional, Harb, Hilda L, additional, Hay, Simon, additional, Hedayati, Mohammad T, additional, Hosgood, H Dean, additional, Hoy, Damian G, additional, Idrisov, Bulat T, additional, Islami, Farhad, additional, Ismayilova, Samaya, additional, Jha, Vivekanand, additional, Jiang, Guohong, additional, Jonas, Jost B, additional, Juel, Knud, additional, Kabagambe, Edmond Kato, additional, Kazi, Dhruv S, additional, Kengne, Andre Pascal, additional, Kereselidze, Maia, additional, Khader, Yousef Saleh, additional, Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan, additional, Khang, Young-Ho, additional, Kim, Daniel, additional, Kinfu, Yohannes, additional, Kinge, Jonas M, additional, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, additional, Kosen, Soewarta, additional, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, additional, Kumar, G Anil, additional, Kumar, Kaushalendra, additional, Kumar, Ravi B, additional, Lai, Taavi, additional, Lan, Qing, additional, Larsson, Anders, additional, Lee, Jong-Tae, additional, Leinsalu, Mall, additional, Lim, Stephen S, additional, Lipshultz, Steven E, additional, Logroscino, Giancarlo, additional, Lotufo, Paulo A, additional, Lunevicius, Raimundas, additional, Lyons, Ronan Anthony, additional, Ma, Stefan, additional, Mahdi, Abbas Ali, additional, Marzan, Melvin Barrientos, additional, Mashal, Mohammad Taufiq, additional, Mazorodze, Tasara T, additional, McGrath, John J, additional, Memish, Ziad A, additional, Mendoza, Walter, additional, Mensah, George A, additional, Meretoja, Atte, additional, Miller, Ted R, additional, Mills, Edward J, additional, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, additional, Mokdad, Ali H, additional, Monasta, Lorenzo, additional, Montico, Marcella, additional, Moore, Ami R, additional, Moschandreas, Joanna, additional, Msemburi, William T, additional, Mueller, Ulrich O, additional, Muszynska, Magdalena M, additional, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, Naidoo, Kovin S, additional, Narayan, KM Venkat, additional, Nejjari, Chakib, additional, Ng, Marie, additional, de Dieu Ngirabega, Jean, additional, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, additional, Nyakarahuka, Luke, additional, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, additional, Omer, Saad B, additional, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, additional, Wyk, Victoria Pillay-van, additional, Pope, Dan, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, additional, Rahman, Sajjad UR, additional, Rana, Saleem M, additional, Reilly, Robert Quentin, additional, Rojas-Rueda, David, additional, Ronfani, Luca, additional, Rushton, Lesley, additional, Saeedi, Mohammad Yahya, additional, Salomon, Joshua A, additional, Sampson, Uchechukwu, additional, Santos, Itamar S, additional, Sawhney, Monika, additional, Schmidt, Jürgen C, additional, Shakh-Nazarova, Marina, additional, She, Jun, additional, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, additional, Shibuya, Kenji, additional, Shin, Hwashin Hyun, additional, Shishani, Kawkab, additional, Shiue, Ivy, additional, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, additional, Singh, Jasvinder A, additional, Skirbekk, Vegard, additional, Sliwa, Karen, additional, Soshnikov, Sergey S, additional, Sposato, Luciano A, additional, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki Kalliopi, additional, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, additional, Tabb, Karen M, additional, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, additional, Teixeira, Carolina Maria, additional, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, additional, Thomson, Alan J, additional, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, additional, Toyoshima, Hideaki, additional, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, additional, Uwaliraye, Parfait, additional, Uzun, Selen Begüm, additional, Vasankari, Tommi J, additional, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales, additional, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, additional, Vollset, Stein Emil, additional, Waller, Stephen, additional, Wan, Xia, additional, Weichenthal, Scott, additional, Weiderpass, Elisabete, additional, Weintraub, Robert G, additional, Westerman, Ronny, additional, Wilkinson, James D, additional, Williams, Hywel C, additional, Yang, Yang C, additional, Yentur, Gokalp Kadri, additional, Yip, Paul, additional, Yonemoto, Naohiro, additional, Younis, Mustafa, additional, Yu, Chuanhua, additional, Jin, Kim Yun, additional, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, additional, Zhu, Shankuan, additional, Vos, Theo, additional, Lopez, Alan D, additional, and Murray, Christopher J L, additional

Published
2014
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160. Factors influencing social and health outcomes after motor vehicle crash injury: an inception cohort study protocol

Author

Jagnoor, Jagnoor, primary, Blyth, Fiona, additional, Gabbe, Belinda, additional, Derrett, Sarah, additional, Boufous, Soufiane, additional, Dinh, Michael, additional, Day, Robert, additional, Button, Gregory, additional, Gillett, Mark, additional, Joseph, Tony, additional, Nicholas, Michael, additional, Ivers, Rebecca, additional, Maher, Chris G, additional, Willcock, Simon, additional, Kenardy, Justin, additional, Collie, Alex, additional, and Cameron, Ian D, additional

Published
2014
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162. Bicycle Crashes in Different Riding Environments in the Australian Capital Territory

Author

de Romea, Liz, Boufous, Soufiane, Georgeson, Thomas, Senserrick, Teresa, Richardson, Drew, Ivers, Rebecca, de Romea, Liz, Boufous, Soufiane, Georgeson, Thomas, Senserrick, Teresa, Richardson, Drew, and Ivers, Rebecca

Abstract

Introduction: Cyclists are increasingly overrepresented in traffic crash casualties in Australia. There is evidence that better cycling infrastructure increases participation, but whether it reduces the numbers of injured cyclists is less clear. This study examined injury outcomes of crashes in different cycling environments. Methods: Adult cyclists injured on- and off-road were recruited from emergency departments from November 2009 to May 2010 in the Australian Capital Territory. Eligible participants (n = 313/372, 84.1%) were interviewed and their injury self-reports were corroborated with medical records where available. Participants who had crashed in transport-related areas (n = 202, 64.5%) are the focus of this article. Results: Participants had crashed in traffic (39.1%), in cycle lanes (7.9%), on shared paths (36.1%), and on footpaths (16.8%). Based on average weekly traffic counts, the crash involvement rate per 1000 cyclists was 11.8 on shared paths compared to 5.8 on cycle lanes. Over half of the participants (52.0%) were injured in single-vehicle bicycle crashes. The remainder involved other road users, including motor vehicles (20.8%), other bicycles (18.8%), pedestrians (6.4%), and animals (2.0%). Pedestrians were involved in 16.4 percent of crashes on shared paths. Minor injuries (Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] 1) were sustained by 58.4 percent of cyclists, moderately severe injuries (AIS 2) were sustained by 36.1 percent of cyclists, and 5.4 percent of cyclists were seriously injured (AIS 3+). The average treatment required was 1.8 days with 7.5 days off work and cost to the cyclist of $869 excluding medical treatment. Cyclists who crashed on shared paths or in traffic had higher injury severity scores (ISS; 4.4, 4.0) compared to those in cycle lanes or on footpaths (3.3, 3.4) and required more treatment days (2.8, 1.7 versus 0.0, 0.2). Conclusions: Fewer cyclists were injured in on-road cycle lanes than in other cycling environments, and a high pro

Published
2013

163. Alcohol use and burden for 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Griswold, Max G, Fullman, Nancy, Hawley, Caitlin, Arian, Nicholas, Zimsen, Stephanie R M, Tymeson, Hayley D, Venkateswaran, Vidhya, Tapp, Austin Douglas, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Salama, Joseph S, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abate, Degu, Abay, Solomon M, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abebe, Zegeye, Aboyans, Victor, Abrar, Mohammed Mehdi, Acharya, Pawan, Adetokunboh, Olatunji O, Adhikari, Tara Ballav, Adsuar, Jose C, Afarideh, Mohsen, Agardh, Emilie Elisabet, Agarwal, Gina, Aghayan, Sargis Aghasi, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akibu, Mohammed, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akseer, Nadia, Asfoor, Deena H Al, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alahdab, Fares, Alam, Khurshid, Albujeer, Ammar, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Syed Danish, Alijanzadeh, Mehran, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Allebeck, Peter, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Aminde, Leopold N, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Angus, Colin, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aremu, Olatunde, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna K, Assadi, Reza, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide F, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Henok Tadesse, Ayer, Rakesh, Ayuk, Tambe B, Azzopardi, Peter S, Badali, Hamid, Badawi, Alaa, Banach, Maciej, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Barrero, Lope H, Basaleem, Huda, Baye, Estifanos, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Béjot, Yannick, Belachew, Abate Bekele, Belay, Saba Abraham, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beyranvand, Tina, Bhaumik, Soumyadeeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgo, Belete, Bijani, Ali, Bililign, Nigus, Birlik, Sait Mentes, Birungi, Charles, Bizuneh, Hailemichael, Bjerregaard, Peter, Bjørge, Tone, Borges, Guilherme, Bosetti, Cristina, Boufous, Soufiane, Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi, Brenner, Hermann, Butt, Zahid A, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Calabria, Bianca, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carvalho, Félix, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castillo Rivas, Jacqueline, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chattopadhyay, Aparajita, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Claro, Rafael M, Conti, Sara, Cousin, Ewerton, Criqui, Michael H, Dachew, Berihun Assefa, Dargan, Paul I, Daryani, Ahmad, Das Neves, José, Davletov, Kairat, De Castro, Filipa, De Courten, Barbora, De Neve, Jan-Walter, Degenhardt, Louisa, Demoz, Gebre Teklemariam, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dhaliwal, Rupinder Singh, Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda, Dhimal, Meghnath, Doku, David Teye, Doyle, Kerrie E, Dubey, Manisha, Dubljanin, Eleonora, Duncan, Bruce B, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Edessa, Dumessa, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Esteghamati, Alireza, Faramarzi, Mahbobeh, Farioli, Andrea, Faro, Andre, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Felisbino-Mendes, Mariana Santos, Fernandes, Eduarda, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferri, Cleusa P, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Filip, Irina, Finger, Jonas David, Fischer, Florian, Flaxman, Abraham D, Franklin, Richard Charles, Futran, Neal D, Gallus, Silvano, Ganji, Morsaleh, Gankpe, Fortune Gbetoho, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Ghadimi, Reza, Ghandour, Lilian A, Ghimire, Mamata, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageed, Giref, Ababi Zergaw Z, Gona, Philimon N, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goulart, Alessandra C, Greaves, Felix, Grosso, Giuseppe, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vipin, Gutiérrez, Reyna Alma, GVS, Murthy, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hagos, Tekleberhan Beyene, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamidi, Samer, Hankey, Graeme J, Harb, Hilda L, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, Heibati, Behzad, Henok, Andualem, Heredia-Pi, Ileana, Hernández-Llanes, Norberto Francisco, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hibstu, Desalegn Ts Tsegaw, Hoogar, Praveen, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hosseini, Mostafa, Hostiuc, Mihaela, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Hsiang, Husseini, Abdullatif, Idrisov, Bulat, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen, Irvani, Seyed Sina Naghibi, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Jackson, Maria D, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, Jalu, Moti Tolera, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jha, Ravi Prakash, Jonas, Jost B, Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kapil, Umesh, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassa, Tesfaye D Dessale, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kawakami, Norito, Kebede, Seifu, Kefale, Adane Teshome, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Khader, Yousef, Khafaie, Morteza Abdullatif, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Md Nuruzzaman, Khang, Young-Ho, Khater, Mona M, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kim, Cho-Il, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kisa, Adnan, Kivimäki, Mika, Kochhar, Sonali, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Krishan, Kewal, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kucuk Bicer, Burcu, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, Pushpendra, Lafranconi, Alessandra, Lakshmana Balaji, Arjun, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Hilton, Lami, Faris Hasan, Lan, Qing, Lang, Justin J, Lansky, Sonia, Larsson, Anders O, Latifi, Arman, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Paul H, Leigh, James, Leinsalu, Mall, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Lim, Lee-Ling, Linn, Shai, Liu, Shiwei, Lobato-Cordero, Andrea, Lopez, Alan D, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Machado, Isis Eloah, Madotto, Fabiana, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Magdy Abd El Razek, Muhammed, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mapoma, Chabila Christopher, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Maulik, Pallab K, Mazidi, Mohsen, Mckee, Martin, Mehta, Varshil, Meier, Toni, Mekonen, Tesfa, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Melese, Addisu, Memiah, Peter T N, Mendoza, Walter, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Miazgowski, Tomasz, Miller, Ted R, Mini, Gk, Mirica, Andreea, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Moazen, Babak, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadifard, Noushin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mousavi, Seyyed Meysam, Mukhopadhyay, Satinath, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Naheed, Aliya, Naik, Gurudatta, Najafi, Farid, Nangia, Vinay, Nansseu, Jobert Richie, Nayak, Mudavath Siva Durga Prasad, Nejjari, Chakib, Neupane, Subas, Neupane, Sudan Prasad, Ngunjiri, Josephine W, Nguyen, Cuong Tat, Nguyen, Long Hoang, Nguyen, Trang Huyen, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nirayo, Yirga Legesse, Noubiap, Jean Jacques, Ofori-Asenso, Richard, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew T, Olivares, Pedro R, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Oommen, Anu Mary, Oren, Eyal, Orpana, Heather M, Ortega-Altamirano, Doris D V, Ortiz, Justin R, Ota, Erika, Owolabi, Mayowa Ojo, Oyekale, Abayomi Samuel, P A, Mahesh, Pana, Adrian, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D H, Parsian, Hadi, Patle, Ajay, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael R, Pillay, Julian David, Postma, Maarten J, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rafiei, Alireza, Rahim, Fakher, Rahimi-Movaghar, Afarin, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Muhammad Aziz, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Raju, Sree Bhushan, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M, Ranabhat, Chhabi Lal, Rawaf, David Laith, Rawaf, Salman, Reiner, Robert C, Reis, Cesar, Renzaho, Andre M N, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Roever, Leonardo, Ronfani, Luca, Room, Robin, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rostami, Ali, Roth, Gregory A, Roy, Ambuj, Sabde, Yogesh Damodar, Saddik, Basema, Safiri, Saeid, Sahebkar, Amirhossein, Salama, Joseph S, Saleem, Zikria, Salomon, Joshua A, Salvi, Sundeep Santosh, Sanabria, Juan, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Santomauro, Damian Francesco, Santos, Itamar S, Santric Milicevic, Milena M M, Sarker, Abdur Razzaque, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sarrafzadegan, Nizal, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Saxena, Sonia, Saylan, Mete, Schaub, Michael P, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwendicke, Falk, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharif, Mehdi, She, Jun, Sheikh, Aziz, Shen, Jiabin, Shiferaw, Mekonnen Sisay, Shigematsu, Mika, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Shukla, Sharvari Rahul, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silva, Natacha Torres Da, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sitas, Freddy, Soares Filho, Adauto Martins, Soofi, Moslem, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soriano, Joan B, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Steckling, Nadine, Stein, Dan J, Sufiyan, Mu'awiyyah Babale, Sur, Patrick J, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabuchi, Takahiro, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekle, Merhawi Gebremedhin, Thapa, Subash, Thomas, Nihal, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Fotis, Tran, Bach Xuan, Troeger, Christopher E, Truelsen, Thomas Clement, Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Ullah, Irfan, Uthman, Olalekan A, Valdez, Pascual R, Van Boven, Job F M, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagnew, Fasil Wagnew Shiferaw, Waheed, Yasir, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weldegebreal, Fitsum, Weldegwergs, Kidu Gidey, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Widecka, Justyna, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wyper, Grant M A, Xu, Gelin, Yamada, Tomohide, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yimer, Ebrahim M, Yip, Paul, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yisma, Engida, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zachariah, Geevar, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zamani, Mohammad, Zhang, Xueying, Zodpey, Sanjay, Mokdad, Ali H, Naghavi, Mohsen, Murray, Christopher J L, and Gakidou, Emmanuela

Abstract

Alcohol use is a leading risk factor for death and disability, but its overall association with health remains complex given the possible protective effects of moderate alcohol consumption on some conditions. With our comprehensive approach to health accounting within the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we generated improved estimates of alcohol use and alcohol-attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 195 locations from 1990 to 2016, for both sexes and for 5-year age groups between the ages of 15 years and 95 years and older.

Published
2018
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164. The Pedal Study: characteristics of bicycle crashes in different cycling environments

Author

de Rome, L., Boufous, Soufiane, Gregerson, Tom, Senserrick, Teresa, Richardson, Drew, Ivers, Rebecca, de Rome, L., Boufous, Soufiane, Gregerson, Tom, Senserrick, Teresa, Richardson, Drew, and Ivers, Rebecca

Abstract

Introduction & methods: This study examined the burden of injury and characteristics of bicycle crashes in different cycling environments. A cross sectional survey of 202 adults (aged 17-70 years) who presented to hospital with a transport-related cycling crash injuries over the six months from November, 2009. Data was obtained from participant interviews and medical records.Results: Participants included 79 (39.1%) who had been cycling in traffic, 16 (7.9%) in bicycle lanes, 73 (36.1%) on shared paths and 34 (16.8%) on footpaths or other pedestrian areas. Over half (52%) were single vehicle crashes without involvement of other road users, 20.8% involved motor vehicles, 18.8% involved other bicycles, 6.4% involved pedestrians and 2.0% involved animals. While 58.4% of cyclists sustained minor injuries (AIS 1), 36.1% had moderately severe injuries (AIS 2) and 5.4% were seriously injured (AIS 3+). Crashes in bicycle lanes were less severe than those in other cycling environments. The mean injury severity score (ISS) was highest for cyclists who crashed on shared paths (4.4) and in traffic (4.0). The majority of crashes involving another vehicle occurred in traffic (58.8%), shared paths (22.5%) and bicycle lanes (12.5%). The other vehicle was almost equally as likely to be another bicycle as a motor vehicle (47.5% versus 52.5%). The estimated average travelling speed of cyclists prior to a multi-vehicle crashes was 25.3km/h. Average reported speeds were highest for cyclists in traffic (28.7km/h) and bicycle lanes and lowest on footpaths (10.9km/h). The average speed on shared paths was 20.9km/h with a maximum of 43km/h. Conclusions: This study confirms the value of on-road lanes reserved exclusively for cyclists as a means of reducing their crash and injury rates but raises questions as to the safety of cycling on shared paths and pedestrian areas. Suggestions are made for increased regulation of cycling in areas shared with pedestrians.

Published
2012

165. Variations in car crash-related hospitalization costs amongst young adults in New South Wales, Australia

Author

Chen, Huei Yang, Jan, Stephen, Boufous, Soufiane, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Norton, Robyn, Muscatello, David, Chen, Huei Yang, Jan, Stephen, Boufous, Soufiane, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Norton, Robyn, and Muscatello, David

Abstract

Background This study aims to examine factors associated with variation in crash-related hospitalization costs for young adults in New South Wales (NSW), Australia with a particular focus on types of vehicle occupant, rurality of residence and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods Data on patients aged 17–25 years, admitted to public hospitals due to a crash during July 2000–June 2007 were extracted from the NSW Health Admission Collection database. The hospitalization cost of each admission was calculated based on published charges for specific Australian Refined-Diagnosis Related Groups (AR-DRG). Multivariable analyses using generalized estimating equations were used to estimate costs by vehicle occupant type (driver, passenger and other occupants), rurality of residence (urban, regional and rural areas) and SES (low, moderate and high SES areas). Results During 2000–2007, there were 11,892 crash-related hospitalizations involving young adults, aged 17–25 years, in NSW. These cost the health sector about A$87.6 million or on average, A$7363 per hospitalization (mean length of stay (LOS) 5.3 days). Compared to drivers, passengers had significantly longer LOS (<0.01) as well as higher hospitalization costs (p = 0.04). Regional and rural young adults had significantly longer LOS and higher hospitalization costs compared to urban young adults (p < 0.05). Compared with young adults from high SES areas, young adults from moderate SES areas had significantly higher costs (p = 0.02), whilst the higher costs for young adults of low SES areas was borderline significant (p = 0.06), although differences in LOS by SES were not significant. Conclusion Annually, young adults’ crashes in NSW were estimated to cost the health sector at least A$14.6 million between 2001 and 2007. The higher hospitalization costs and LOS for young adults living in regional and rural vs. urban areas, and those living in moderate and low SES vs. high SES areas partly reflects

Published
2012

166. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010.

Author

Vos, Theo, Vos, Theo, Flaxman, Abraham D, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lozano, Rafael, Michaud, Catherine, Ezzati, Majid, Shibuya, Kenji, Salomon, Joshua A, Abdalla, Safa, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry, Ackerman, Ilana, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Ahn, Stephanie Y, Ali, Mohammed K, Alvarado, Miriam, Anderson, H Ross, Anderson, Laurie M, Andrews, Kathryn G, Atkinson, Charles, Baddour, Larry M, Bahalim, Adil N, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, Barrero, Lope H, Bartels, David H, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Baxter, Amanda, Bell, Michelle L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Bennett, Derrick, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bhalla, Kavi, Bhandari, Bishal, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Abdulhak, Aref, Birbeck, Gretchen, Black, James A, Blencowe, Hannah, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona, Bolliger, Ian, Bonaventure, Audrey, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Boussinesq, Michel, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brayne, Carol, Bridgett, Lisa, Brooker, Simon, Brooks, Peter, Brugha, Traolach S, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, Bucello, Chiara, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey, Budke, Christine M, Burch, Michael, Burney, Peter, Burstein, Roy, Calabria, Bianca, Campbell, Benjamin, Canter, Charles E, Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan, Carmona, Loreto, Cella, Claudia, Charlson, Fiona, Chen, Honglei, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, Chou, David, Chugh, Sumeet S, Coffeng, Luc E, Colan, Steven D, Colquhoun, Samantha, Colson, K Ellicott, Condon, John, Connor, Myles D, Cooper, Leslie T, Corriere, Matthew, Cortinovis, Monica, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, Couser, William, Cowie, Benjamin C, Criqui, Michael H, Cross, Marita, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, Dahiya, Manu, Dahodwala, Nabila, Damsere-Derry, James, Danaei, Goodarz, Davis, Adrian, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dellavalle, Robert, Delossantos, Allyne, Denenberg, Julie, Derrett, Sarah, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh, Vos, Theo, Vos, Theo, Flaxman, Abraham D, Naghavi, Mohsen, Lozano, Rafael, Michaud, Catherine, Ezzati, Majid, Shibuya, Kenji, Salomon, Joshua A, Abdalla, Safa, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry, Ackerman, Ilana, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Ahn, Stephanie Y, Ali, Mohammed K, Alvarado, Miriam, Anderson, H Ross, Anderson, Laurie M, Andrews, Kathryn G, Atkinson, Charles, Baddour, Larry M, Bahalim, Adil N, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, Barrero, Lope H, Bartels, David H, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, Baxter, Amanda, Bell, Michelle L, Benjamin, Emelia J, Bennett, Derrick, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bhalla, Kavi, Bhandari, Bishal, Bikbov, Boris, Bin Abdulhak, Aref, Birbeck, Gretchen, Black, James A, Blencowe, Hannah, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona, Bolliger, Ian, Bonaventure, Audrey, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Boussinesq, Michel, Braithwaite, Tasanee, Brayne, Carol, Bridgett, Lisa, Brooker, Simon, Brooks, Peter, Brugha, Traolach S, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, Bucello, Chiara, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey, Budke, Christine M, Burch, Michael, Burney, Peter, Burstein, Roy, Calabria, Bianca, Campbell, Benjamin, Canter, Charles E, Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan, Carmona, Loreto, Cella, Claudia, Charlson, Fiona, Chen, Honglei, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, Chou, David, Chugh, Sumeet S, Coffeng, Luc E, Colan, Steven D, Colquhoun, Samantha, Colson, K Ellicott, Condon, John, Connor, Myles D, Cooper, Leslie T, Corriere, Matthew, Cortinovis, Monica, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, Couser, William, Cowie, Benjamin C, Criqui, Michael H, Cross, Marita, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, Dahiya, Manu, Dahodwala, Nabila, Damsere-Derry, James, Danaei, Goodarz, Davis, Adrian, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dellavalle, Robert, Delossantos, Allyne, Denenberg, Julie, Derrett, Sarah, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dharmaratne, Samath D, and Dherani, Mukesh

Abstract

BackgroundNon-fatal health outcomes from diseases and injuries are a crucial consideration in the promotion and monitoring of individual and population health. The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies done in 1990 and 2000 have been the only studies to quantify non-fatal health outcomes across an exhaustive set of disorders at the global and regional level. Neither effort quantified uncertainty in prevalence or years lived with disability (YLDs).MethodsOf the 291 diseases and injuries in the GBD cause list, 289 cause disability. For 1160 sequelae of the 289 diseases and injuries, we undertook a systematic analysis of prevalence, incidence, remission, duration, and excess mortality. Sources included published studies, case notification, population-based cancer registries, other disease registries, antenatal clinic serosurveillance, hospital discharge data, ambulatory care data, household surveys, other surveys, and cohort studies. For most sequelae, we used a Bayesian meta-regression method, DisMod-MR, designed to address key limitations in descriptive epidemiological data, including missing data, inconsistency, and large methodological variation between data sources. For some disorders, we used natural history models, geospatial models, back-calculation models (models calculating incidence from population mortality rates and case fatality), or registration completeness models (models adjusting for incomplete registration with health-system access and other covariates). Disability weights for 220 unique health states were used to capture the severity of health loss. YLDs by cause at age, sex, country, and year levels were adjusted for comorbidity with simulation methods. We included uncertainty estimates at all stages of the analysis.FindingsGlobal prevalence for all ages combined in 2010 across the 1160 sequelae ranged from fewer than one case per 1 million people to 350,000 cases per 1 million people. Prevalence and severity of health loss were weakly correlated

Published
2012

167. Evaluation of the Bourke Alcohol Action Plan: final report

Author

Senserrick, Teresa, Lyford, Marilyn, Hinchcliff, Reece, Boufous, Soufiane, Clapham, Kathleen F, Torr, Sally, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Lyford, Marilyn, Hinchcliff, Reece, Boufous, Soufiane, Clapham, Kathleen F, Torr, Sally, and Ivers, Rebecca

Abstract

The overall aim of the evaluation was to assess holistically the impact of the Bourke Alcohol Action Plan on community safety, health and wellbeing. More specific objectives included monitoring and reviewing the impact of the Plan's initiative to restrict takeaway alcohol sales, and assessing the impact of the Plan on road safety. A secondary objective was to explore whether impacts had extended to Aboriginal residents as well as non-Aboriginal residents of Bourke.

Published
2012

168. Cycling Crashes in Children, Adolescents, and Adults - A Comparative Analysis

Author

Boufous, Soufiane, de Rome, Liz, Senserrick, Teresa, Ivers, Rebecca, Boufous, Soufiane, de Rome, Liz, Senserrick, Teresa, and Ivers, Rebecca

Abstract

Objective: To compare rates, circumstances, and outcomes of cyclist crashes between children (aged 0–9 years), adolescents (aged 10–19 years), and adults (aged 20 years and over) in Victoria, Australia. Methods: A retrospective analysis of cyclist crashes in police records and the Victorian Admitted Episodes Dataset during the period 2004–2008. Results: Adolescent cyclists had the highest rates, per 100 000 people, of police-reported (32.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 30.7–34.5) and hospitalized cyclist crashes (71.6, 95% CI: 68.7–74.4). Police-reported helmet use at the time of the crash was lowest among children (57.1%, 95% CI: 49.5–64.8) compared to 60.2 percent (95% CI: 57.3–63.1) in adolescents and 77.7 percent (95% CI: 76.5–78.8) in adults. This was reflected in the hospital data, which indicated that more than one third of cyclist hospitalizations among children (37.4%) resulted in head injuries compared to around 1 in 4 hospitalized cyclist crashes in adolescents (26.8%) and adults (23.7%). Cyclists emerging off a footpath into the path of a vehicle as well as cyclists struck by vehicles emerging form a driveway were the most frequent types of police-reported crashes involving children (73.9%) and adolescents (48.1%). In contrast, most adult cyclist crashes occurred on the roadway, mainly at intersections. Conclusions: Programs to improve the safety knowledge and behavior of children and adolescent cyclists, particularly focusing on helmet use, should be part of a comprehensive approach that encompasses legislative and environmental changes, including appropriate cyclist facilities and reduced speed limit in residential areas.

Published
2011

169. Attempts at the Practical On-Road Driving Test and the Hazard Perception Test and the Risk of Traffic Crashes in Young Drivers

Author

Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Stevenson, Mark, Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, and Stevenson, Mark

Abstract

Objective: This study separately examined the impact of the outcomes of a practical on-road driving test and a hazard perception test on the likelihood of traffic crashes among a cohort of newly licensed young drivers in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods: The DRIVE study is a prospective cohort study of drivers aged 17 to 24 years holding their first-year provisional driver license in NSW. Information obtained from 20,822 participants in a detailed baseline questionnaire was linked to information on the number of attempts at a mandatory practical on-road driving test and hazard perception test as well as police-reported traffic crashes. Results: After controlling for a number of sociodemographic and behavioral factors as well as factors related to driver learning experiences, multivariate analysis showed that those who failed the practical on-road test at least 4 times had an increased risk of involvement in a traffic crash compared to those who passed the test at first attempt (relative risk [RR]: 1.79, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–2.65). The crash risk among those who failed the practical on-road test at least 4 times was particularly high in females (RR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.20–3.68). Similarly, those who failed the hazard perception test at least twice had an increased risk of involvement in a traffic crash (RR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.27–2.63) compared to those who passed the test on the first attempt. The crash risk of those who failed the hazard perception test at least twice was particularly high in males (RR: 2.5, 95% CI: 1.5–4.1) and among those from rural and remote areas (RR: 5.53, 95% CI: 1.63–18.71). Conclusions: The findings have implications on licensing practices and suggest the need for adequate strategies to assist young drivers with multiple failures in the driving and hazard perception tests.

Published
2011

170. Association between supervisory driver offences and novice driver crashes post-licensure

Author

Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, Stevenson, Mark, Norton, Robyn, Williamson, Anne, Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, Stevenson, Mark, Norton, Robyn, and Williamson, Anne

Abstract

This research explore associations between driving offences of learner supervisory drivers and subsequent crashes as novice independent drivers in a prospective cohort of 20,822 drivers aged 17-24 in New South Wales, Australia, on their first independent driver licence. Information on demographics, primary supervisory drivers, and various risk factors was collected via an online questionnaire and subsequently linked to police-reported crashes two years later. Poisson regression determined that the unadjusted relative risk of crash was 1.35 (CI 1.14-1.60) for novices whose supervisors had offences, with this association remaining when adjusting for supervisor age, gender and relationship to the novice (RR=1.37, CI 1.16-1.63), but not when additionally controlling for novice driver demographics and characteristics (RR=1.50, CI 0.83-2.70). These findings suggest newly-licensed drivers previously supervised by drivers with recent traffic offences have a one-third higher risk of crashing. This risk is independent of the supervisor demographics, but mitigated by the young drivers' personal characteristics. Careful consideration should be given to policy developments regarding supervised driving requirements that rely heavily on parents to adopt this role.

Published
2010

171. Risky Driving Behavior and Road Traffic Crashes Among Young Asian Australian Drivers: Findings From the DRIVE Study

Author

Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Norton, Robyn, Stevenson, Mark, Chen, Huei Yang, Lam, Lawrence, Boufous, Soufiane, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Norton, Robyn, Stevenson, Mark, Chen, Huei Yang, and Lam, Lawrence

Abstract

Objective: To examine differences in risky driving behavior and likelihood of traffic crash according to the country of birth of recently licensed young drivers. The groups examined include those born in Australia, those born in Asia, and those born in other countries. Design and setting: The DRIVE study is a prospective cohort study of drivers aged 17–24 years holding their first-year provisional driver license in New South Wales, Australia. Information obtained from 20,822 participants who completed a baseline questionnaire was linked to police-reported traffic crashes. Main outcome measures: Self-reported risky driving behaviors and police-reported traffic crashes in young drivers. Results: Young drivers who were born in Asian countries were less likely to report engaging in risky driving behaviors than their Australian-born counterparts. The proportion of participants reporting a high level of risky driving was 31.5 percent (95% confidence intervale [CI], 30.8–32.1) among Australian-born drivers compared to 25.6 percent (95% CI, 23.1–28.2) among Asian-born drivers and 30.4 percent (95% CI, 28.4–32.5) among those born in other regions. Asian-born participants had half the risk of a crash as a driver than their Australian-born counterparts (relative risk [RR] 0.55; 95% CI, 0.41–0.75) after adjusting for a number of demographic factors and driving and risk-taking behaviors. The comparative risk was even lower among those aged 17 years (RR 0.29; 95% CI, 0.29–0.75). Risk estimates for people born in other regions did not differ to those for Australian-born respondents. Conclusions: The study highlights the lower level of risky driving and significantly reduced crash risk for Australian drivers born in Asian countries relative to those born locally. Further research is needed to examine factors underlying this reduced risk and the impact of the length of residence in the host country. Keywords: Young drivers, Risk taking, Crash, Injury, Ethnicity

Published
2010

172. Does Psychological Distress Increase the Risk for Motor Vehicle Crashes in Young People? Findings From the DRIVE Study

Author

Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Glozier, Nick, Patton, George, Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, Lam, Lawrence, Williamson, Ann, Stevenson, Mark, Woodward, Mark, Norton, Robyn, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Glozier, Nick, Patton, George, Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, Lam, Lawrence, Williamson, Ann, Stevenson, Mark, Woodward, Mark, and Norton, Robyn

Abstract

Earlier research demonstrates increased and decreased risk of crash related to psychological distress; however, previous literature has almost entirely used retrospective study designs and has not been able to adequately control for important confounders such as exposure to driving, alcohol and drug use, or having had a previous crash. This study aimed to assess the relationship between psychological distress and risk of motor vehicle crashes. Methods The DRIVE study is a prospective cohort study of 20,822 novice drivers aged 17–24 years in Australia. Information on risk factors for motor vehicle crash was collected through online questionnaire and subsequently linked to police-reported crashes. Poisson regression was used to analyze risk of various crash types by low, moderate, high, and very high levels of psychological distress, taking into account other known risk factors for crash. Results Compared to the referent group with low or no distress, a protective effect against crash was observed for young people who reported a moderate amount of psychological distress in unadjusted (RR = .87; 95% CI = .76–1.00) and multivariable analyses (RR = .85; 95% CI = .74–.97). Severe psychological distress was not significantly associated with an increase or decrease in the risk of crash. Psychological distress was not significantly associated with an increased risk of single vehicle crash. Conclusion Earlier studies may have overestimated risk for motor vehicle crashes associated with psychological distress. This study found little convincing evidence to support a strong risk relationship for higher levels of distress and indeed found a modest protective association for low levels of distress.

Published
2010

173. Road Crash Trends for Young Drivers in New South Wales, Australia, from 1997 to 2007

Author

Chen, Huei Yang, Senserrick, Teresa, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, Norton, Robyn, Chen, Huei Yang, Senserrick, Teresa, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, and Norton, Robyn

Abstract

Objectives: The objective of this article was to explore overall crash and injury trends over the past decade for young drivers residing in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, including gender and age disparities. Methods: Passenger vehicle crashes for drivers aged 17–25 occurring during 1997–2007 were extracted from the state crash database to calculate crash rates (per licensed driver). Generalized linear models were used to examine crash trends over time by severity of driver injury, adjusting for age, gender, rurality of residence, and socioeconomic status. Yearly adjusted relative risks of crash by gender and by age group were also examined over the study period. Results: Young driver noninjury and fatality rates significantly decreased by an average of 4 percent (95% CI: 4–5) and 5 percent (95% CI: 0–9) respectively each year from 1997 to 2007. Young driver injury rates significantly increased by about 12 percent (95% CI: 9–14) to the year 2001 and then significantly decreased. The relative risk of crash (regardless of driver injury) for males compared to females significantly decreased over time. Compared to drivers aged 21–25, drivers aged 17 and particularly 18- to 20-year-olds had significantly and consistently higher crash risks across the study period. Conclusions: Overall, there has been a significant decline in young driver crashes in NSW over the last decade. Regardless of injury severity, males' risk of crash has reduced more than female young drivers, but drivers aged 17 continue to be at higher risk. These findings provide feedback on potential road safety successes and areas needing specific interventions for future improvements. Keywords: Young driver, Road crash, Trend analysis, Gender disparity, Age disparity

Published
2010

174. Fatal crash trends for Australian young drivers 1997-2007: Geographic and socioeconomic differentials

Author

Chen, Huei Yang, Senserrick, Teresa, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Boufous, Soufiane, Chang, Hsing-Yi, Norton, Robyn, Chen, Huei Yang, Senserrick, Teresa, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Boufous, Soufiane, Chang, Hsing-Yi, and Norton, Robyn

Abstract

Background Little has been published on changes in young driver fatality rates over time. This paper examines differences in Australian young driver fatality rates over the last decade, examining important risk factors including place of residence and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods Young driver (17–25 years) police-recorded passenger vehicle crashes were extracted from New South Wales State records from 1997–2007. Rurality of residence and SES were classified into three levels based on drivers’ residential postcode: urban, regional, or rural; and high, moderate, or low SES areas. Geographic and SES disparities in trends of fatality rates were examined by the generalized linear model. Chi-square trend test was used to examine the distributions of posted speed limits, drinking driving, fatigue, seatbelt use, vehicle age, night-time driving, and the time from crash to death across rurality and socioeconomic status. Results Young driver fatality rate significantly decreased 5% per year (p < 0.05); however, stratified analyses (by rurality and by SES) showed that only the reduction among urban drivers was significant (average 5% decrease per year, p < 0.01). The higher relative risk of fatality for rural versus urban drivers, and for drivers of low versus high SES remained unchanged over the last decade. High posted speed limits, fatigue, drink driving and seatbelt non-use were significantly associated with rural fatalities, whereas high posted speed limit, fatigue, and driving an older vehicle were significantly related to low SES fatality. Conclusion The constant geographic and SES disparities in young driver fatality rates highlight safety inequities for those living in rural areas and those of low SES. Better targeted interventions are needed, including attention to behavioral risk factors and vehicle age.

Published
2010

175. Effective and inclusive intervention research with Aboriginal populations

Author

Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, Clapham, Kathleen, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Senserrick, Teresa, Boufous, Soufiane, and Clapham, Kathleen

Abstract

This report describes categories of intervention research impacting on Aboriginal populations as well as the potential levels of influence for interventions. Preventive intervention research can take several forms of delivery such as legislative, education or systemic such as intervention research about technology or information systems. Interventions found for this review fell into several categories including policy interventions (at state or regional levels), community-based interventions, individual interventions directed toward a particular condition or risk factor (eg tobacco) and interventions directed toward a service (eg primary care or justice).

Published
2010

176. Aboriginal injury prevention projects: a review

Author

Senserrick, Teresa, Hinchcliff, Reece, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, Clapham, Kathleen, Senserrick, Teresa, Hinchcliff, Reece, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, and Clapham, Kathleen

Abstract

The NSW Department of Health is establishing a four year program to provide grants to fund and evaluate demonstration projects that aim to prevent injury among Aboriginal people, as part of the NSW implementation plan for the National Partnership Agreement on Closing the Gap in Indigenous Health Outcomes. NSW Health has engaged the Sax Institute to assist in designing and implementing this project. The Sax Institute will consult with a Reference Group and Aboriginal communities to set priorities, with the following decisions to be made: This is one of three reviews subsequently commissioned to inform the program. It reviews peer-review and grey literature evaluations of the effectiveness of Australian Indigenous initiatives published 1995-2010 to answer the following questions with specific terms of reference provided: What are the most effective strategies/projects/programs that have been implemented for the prevention of injury amongst Aboriginal populations? What types and causes of injury have successfully been addressed by these strategies? What types and causes of injury have not been successfully addressed (or addressed at all) by these strategies? What are elements that contribute to success or failure in such strategies?

Published
2010

177. Indigenous status and risk of motor vehicle crash: the DRIVE study

Author

Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Clapham, Kathleen, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Stevenson, Maxwell, Norton, R, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Clapham, Kathleen, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Stevenson, Maxwell, and Norton, R

Abstract

[extract] There is a substantial body of evidence that highlights the stark contrast between health status of Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Indigenous Australians die about 15 years younger than non-Indigenous Australians and the proportion of time lived with disability is greater than that in the total population (13% compared with 10%) [1]. The Indigenous community is also over-represented in injury data: the injury hospitalisation rate is about double that for the rest of the population [2] and the relative risk ratio for disability adjusted life years due to non-intentional injury is approaching 3 times that of the rest of the population [1].

Published
2009

178. Socioeconomic status and risk of car crash injury, independent of place of residence and driving exposure: Results from the DRIVE Study

Author

Chen, Huei Yang, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Woodward, Mark, Stevenson, Mark, Norton, Robyn, Chen, Huei Yang, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Woodward, Mark, Stevenson, Mark, and Norton, Robyn

Abstract

Background Previous studies that found increased crash risks for young drivers of low socioeconomic status (SES) have failed to adjust for factors such as driving exposure and rural residence. This aim of this study is to examine the independent effect of SES on crash risk, adjusting for such factors, and to examine the relationship between injury severity following a crash and SES. Methods Information on risk factors for crash collected from 20 822 newly licenced drivers aged 17–24 years in New South Wales, Australia, as part of the DRIVE Study was prospectively linked to hospitalisation data. SES was classified as high, moderate or low based on the Australia 2001 Socio-Economic Index for Areas. Poisson regression was used to model risk of crash-related hospitalisation by SES, adjusting for confounders. Two measures of injury severity—urgency of treatment and length of hospital stay—were examined by SES. Results Results of multivariable analysis showed that drivers from low SES areas had increased relative risk (RR 1.8, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.1) of crash-related hospitalisation compared to drivers from high SES areas. This increased risk remained when adjusting for confounders including driving exposure and rurality (RR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.2). No significant association was found between injury severity and SES. Conclusion The higher risk of crash-related hospitalisation for young drivers from low SES areas is independent of driving exposure and rural–urban differences. This finding may help improve and better target interventions for youth of low SES.

Published
2009

179. Risk and type of crash among young drivers by rurality of residence: Findings from the DRIVE Study

Author

Chen, Huei Yang, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Woodward, Mark, Stevenson, Mark, Williamson, Ann, Norton, Robyn, Chen, Huei Yang, Ivers, Rebecca, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Woodward, Mark, Stevenson, Mark, Williamson, Ann, and Norton, Robyn

Abstract

Background Most previous literature on urban/rural differences in road crashes has a primary focus on severe injuries or deaths, which may be largely explained by variations of medical resources. Little has been reported on police-reported crashes by geographical location, or crash type and severity, especially among young drivers. Methods DRIVE is a prospective cohort study of 20,822 drivers aged 17–24 in NSW, Australia. Information on risk factors was collected via online questionnaire and subsequently linked to police-reported crashes. Poisson regression was used to analyse risk of various crash types by three levels of rurality of residence: urban, regional (country towns and surrounds) and rural. Results Compared to urban drivers, risk of crash decreased with increasing rurality (regional adjusted RR: 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.9; rural adjusted RR: 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.7). Among those who crashed, risk of injurious crash did not differ by geographic location; however, regional and rural drivers had significantly higher risk of a single versus multiple vehicle crash (regional adjusted RR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3–2.5; rural adjusted RR: 2.0, 95% CI 1.1–3.6), which was explained by speeding involvement and road alignment at the time or site of crash. Conclusions Although young urban drivers have a higher crash risk overall, rural and regional residents have increased risk of a single vehicle crash. Interventions to reduce single vehicle crashes should aim to address key issues affecting such crashes, including speeding and specific aspects of road geometry.

Published
2009

180. Self-harm and risk of motor vehicle crashes among young drivers: findings from the DRIVE Study

Author

Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Glozier, Nick, Patton, George, Lam, Lawrence, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Williamson, Ann, Stevenson, Mark, Norton, Robyn, Martiniuk, Alexandra, Ivers, Rebecca, Glozier, Nick, Patton, George, Lam, Lawrence, Boufous, Soufiane, Senserrick, Teresa, Williamson, Ann, Stevenson, Mark, and Norton, Robyn

Abstract

Background: Some motor vehicle crashes, particularly single-vehicle crashes, may result from intentional self-harm. We conducted a prospective cohort study to assess the risk that intentional self-harm poses for motor vehicle crashes among young drivers. Methods: We prospectively linked survey data from newly licensed drivers aged 17–24 years to data on licensing attempts and police-reported motor vehicle crashes during the follow-up period. We investigated the role of recent engagement in self-harm on the risk of a crash. We took into account potential confounders, including number of hours of driving per week, psychological symptoms and substance abuse. Results: We included 18 871 drivers who participated in the DRIVE Study for whom data on self-harm and motor vehicle crashes were available. The mean follow-up was 2 years. Overall, 1495 drivers had 1 or more crashes during the follow-up period. A total of 871 drivers (4.6%) reported that they had engaged in self-harm in the year before the survey. These drivers were at significantly increased risk of a motor vehicle crash compared with drivers who reported no self-harm (relative risk [RR] 1.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.15–1.76). The risk remained significant, even after adjustment for age, sex, average hours of driving per week, previous crash, psychological distress, duration of sleep, risky driving behaviour, substance use, remoteness of residence and socio-economic status (RR 1.37, 95% CI 1.09–1.72). Most of the drivers who reported self-harm and had a subsequent crash were involved in a multiple-vehicle crash (84.1% [74/88]). Interpretation: Engagement in self-harm behaviour was an independent risk factor for subsequent motor vehicle crash among young drivers, with most crashes involving multiple vehicles. Globally, poor mental health and injuries (including suicide) are ranked as the first and second highest contributors of lost disability-adjusted life-years among young people. 1 Self-harm and suicide

Published
2009

183. The effect of non-recreational transport cycling on use of other transport modes: A cross-sectional on-line survey.

Author

Hatfield, Julie and Boufous, Soufiane

Subjects
*TRANSPORTATION research, *CHOICE of transportation, *PHYSIOLOGICAL aspects of cycling, *BICYCLE commuting, *TRANSPORTATION surveys
Abstract

Accurate modelling of the health and environmental benefits of non-recreational transport cycling requires information about its effects on the use of other transport modes. Relevant research has not focussed on cycling for transport in a general context (as opposed to bikeshare), nor allowed for multi-modal trips. The influence of trip- and personal-characteristics on whether cycling replaces car-driving have yet to be considered. The present study aimed to address these research gaps. An on-line cross-sectional survey was completed by 1525 Australians who cycle for transport at least once per week. For the most recent trip completed (at least partly) by bicycle participants provided trip distance, and percentage travelled by car, public transport (PT), and walking. They also provided the percentage travelled by each mode for the same trip before taking up transport cycling; and a hypothetical future trip when riding is not possible. Compared to the same trip before, fifty percent of recent trips reduced car use, and around 1/3 eliminated a 100%-car trip. Reduced car use was significantly less likely for trips under 7.5 km, commuting, females, respondents under 55, and regular cyclists. Reduced car use was less likely for respondents who started riding because it is flexible, and more likely for those who started riding to avoid parking. Car-use was reduced by an average of 6.2 km per trip, and each bicycle-km cycled replaced 0.5 car-km. Participants report that since taking up cycling, even when they cannot use their bike, they use cars less and use PT more compared to before they took up cycling. Results suggest that previous studies underestimated the extent to which transport cycling replaces car travel, and highlights trip types and population groups to target with cycling promotion strategies. Information about the per-trip and per-bicycle-km replacement of car, PT and walking may be used for more accurate estimation of the benefits of transport cycling than has hitherto been possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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184. Recent trends in cyclist fatalities in Australia.

Author

Boufous, Soufiane and Olivier, Jake

Subjects
CYCLING accidents, TRAFFIC accidents, CONFIDENCE intervals, CYCLING, CAUSES of death, POISSON distribution, REGRESSION analysis
Abstract

The study examines trends in bicycling fatalities reported to the Australian police between 1991 and 2013. Trends were estimated using Poisson regression modelling. Overall, cycling fatalities decreased by 1.9% annually between 1991 and 2013. However, while deaths following multivehicle crashes decreased at a rate of 2.9% per annum (95% CI -4.0% to -1.8%), deaths from single vehicle crashes increased by 5.8% per annum (95% CI 4.1% to 7.5%). Over the study period, the average age of cyclists who died in single vehicle crashes (45.3 years, 95% CI 41.5 to 49.1) was significantly higher than cyclists who died in multivehicle crashes (36.2 years, 95% CI 34.7 to 37.7). The average age of deceased cyclists increased significantly for both types of crashes. The observed increase in single vehicle crashes need to be closely monitored in Australia and internationally. In-depth studies are needed to investigate the circumstances of fatal single bicycle crashes in order to develop appropriate countermeasures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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185. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Author

Murray, Christopher J L, primary, Vos, Theo, additional, Lozano, Rafael, additional, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, Flaxman, Abraham D, additional, Michaud, Catherine, additional, Ezzati, Majid, additional, Shibuya, Kenji, additional, Salomon, Joshua A, additional, Abdalla, Safa, additional, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Abraham, Jerry, additional, Ackerman, Ilana, additional, Aggarwal, Rakesh, additional, Ahn, Stephanie Y, additional, Ali, Mohammed K, additional, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, additional, Alvarado, Miriam, additional, Anderson, H Ross, additional, Anderson, Laurie M, additional, Andrews, Kathryn G, additional, Atkinson, Charles, additional, Baddour, Larry M, additional, Bahalim, Adil N, additional, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, additional, Barrero, Lope H, additional, Bartels, David H, additional, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, additional, Baxter, Amanda, additional, Bell, Michelle L, additional, Benjamin, Emelia J, additional, Bennett, Derrick, additional, Bernabé, Eduardo, additional, Bhalla, Kavi, additional, Bhandari, Bishal, additional, Bikbov, Boris, additional, Abdulhak, Aref Bin, additional, Birbeck, Gretchen, additional, Black, James A, additional, Blencowe, Hannah, additional, Blore, Jed D, additional, Blyth, Fiona, additional, Bolliger, Ian, additional, Bonaventure, Audrey, additional, Boufous, Soufiane, additional, Bourne, Rupert, additional, Boussinesq, Michel, additional, Braithwaite, Tasanee, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Bridgett, Lisa, additional, Brooker, Simon, additional, Brooks, Peter, additional, Brugha, Traolach S, additional, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, additional, Bucello, Chiara, additional, Buchbinder, Rachelle, additional, Buckle, Geoffrey, additional, Budke, Christine M, additional, Burch, Michael, additional, Burney, Peter, additional, Burstein, Roy, additional, Calabria, Bianca, additional, Campbell, Benjamin, additional, Canter, Charles E, additional, Carabin, Hélène, additional, Carapetis, Jonathan, additional, Carmona, Loreto, additional, Cella, Claudia, additional, Charlson, Fiona, additional, Chen, Honglei, additional, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, additional, Chou, David, additional, Chugh, Sumeet S, additional, Coffeng, Luc E, additional, Colan, Steven D, additional, Colquhoun, Samantha, additional, Colson, K Ellicott, additional, Condon, John, additional, Connor, Myles D, additional, Cooper, Leslie T, additional, Corriere, Matthew, additional, Cortinovis, Monica, additional, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, additional, Couser, William, additional, Cowie, Benjamin C, additional, Criqui, Michael H, additional, Cross, Marita, additional, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, additional, Dahiya, Manu, additional, Dahodwala, Nabila, additional, Damsere-Derry, James, additional, Danaei, Goodarz, additional, Davis, Adrian, additional, Leo, Diego De, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Dellavalle, Robert, additional, Delossantos, Allyne, additional, Denenberg, Julie, additional, Derrett, Sarah, additional, Des Jarlais, Don C, additional, Dharmaratne, Samath D, additional, Dherani, Mukesh, additional, Diaz-Torne, Cesar, additional, Dolk, Helen, additional, Dorsey, E Ray, additional, Driscoll, Tim, additional, Duber, Herbert, additional, Ebel, Beth, additional, Edmond, Karen, additional, Elbaz, Alexis, additional, Ali, Suad Eltahir, additional, Erskine, Holly, additional, Erwin, Patricia J, additional, Espindola, Patricia, additional, Ewoigbokhan, Stalin E, additional, Farzadfar, Farshad, additional, Feigin, Valery, additional, Felson, David T, additional, Ferrari, Alize, additional, Ferri, Cleusa P, additional, Fèvre, Eric M, additional, Finucane, Mariel M, additional, Flaxman, Seth, additional, Flood, Louise, additional, Foreman, Kyle, additional, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, additional, Fowkes, Francis Gerry R, additional, Fransen, Marlene, additional, Freeman, Michael K, additional, Gabbe, Belinda J, additional, Gabriel, Sherine E, additional, Gakidou, Emmanuela, additional, Ganatra, Hammad A, additional, Garcia, Bianca, additional, Gaspari, Flavio, additional, Gillum, Richard F, additional, Gmel, Gerhard, additional, Gonzalez-Medina, Diego, additional, Gosselin, Richard, additional, Grainger, Rebecca, additional, Grant, Bridget, additional, Groeger, Justina, additional, Guillemin, Francis, additional, Gunnell, David, additional, Gupta, Ramyani, additional, Haagsma, Juanita, additional, Hagan, Holly, additional, Halasa, Yara A, additional, Hall, Wayne, additional, Haring, Diana, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Harrison, James E, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus, additional, Hay, Roderick J, additional, Higashi, Hideki, additional, Hill, Catherine, additional, Hoen, Bruno, additional, Hoffman, Howard, additional, Hotez, Peter J, additional, Hoy, Damian, additional, Huang, John J, additional, Ibeanusi, Sydney E, additional, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, additional, James, Spencer L, additional, Jarvis, Deborah, additional, Jasrasaria, Rashmi, additional, Jayaraman, Sudha, additional, Johns, Nicole, additional, Jonas, Jost B, additional, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, additional, Kassebaum, Nicholas, additional, Kawakami, Norito, additional, Keren, Andre, additional, Khoo, Jon-Paul, additional, King, Charles H, additional, Knowlton, Lisa Marie, additional, Kobusingye, Olive, additional, Koranteng, Adofo, additional, Krishnamurthi, Rita, additional, Laden, Francine, additional, Lalloo, Ratilal, additional, Laslett, Laura L, additional, Lathlean, Tim, additional, Leasher, Janet L, additional, Lee, Yong Yi, additional, Leigh, James, additional, Levinson, Daphna, additional, Lim, Stephen S, additional, Limb, Elizabeth, additional, Lin, John Kent, additional, Lipnick, Michael, additional, Lipshultz, Steven E, additional, Liu, Wei, additional, Loane, Maria, additional, Ohno, Summer Lockett, additional, Lyons, Ronan, additional, Mabweijano, Jacqueline, additional, MacIntyre, Michael F, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, Mallinger, Leslie, additional, Manivannan, Sivabalan, additional, Marcenes, Wagner, additional, March, Lyn, additional, Margolis, David J, additional, Marks, Guy B, additional, Marks, Robin, additional, Matsumori, Akira, additional, Matzopoulos, Richard, additional, Mayosi, Bongani M, additional, McAnulty, John H, additional, McDermott, Mary M, additional, McGill, Neil, additional, McGrath, John, additional, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, additional, Meltzer, Michele, additional, Memish, Ziad A, additional, Mensah, George A, additional, Merriman, Tony R, additional, Meyer, Ana-Claire, additional, Miglioli, Valeria, additional, Miller, Matthew, additional, Miller, Ted R, additional, Mitchell, Philip B, additional, Mock, Charles, additional, Mocumbi, Ana Olga, additional, Moffitt, Terrie E, additional, Mokdad, Ali A, additional, Monasta, Lorenzo, additional, Montico, Marcella, additional, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, additional, Moran, Andrew, additional, Morawska, Lidia, additional, Mori, Rintaro, additional, Murdoch, Michele E, additional, Mwaniki, Michael K, additional, Naidoo, Kovin, additional, Nair, M Nathan, additional, Naldi, Luigi, additional, Narayan, K M Venkat, additional, Nelson, Paul K, additional, Nelson, Robert G, additional, Nevitt, Michael C, additional, Newton, Charles R, additional, Nolte, Sandra, additional, Norman, Paul, additional, Norman, Rosana, additional, O'Donnell, Martin, additional, O'Hanlon, Simon, additional, Olives, Casey, additional, Omer, Saad B, additional, Ortblad, Katrina, additional, Osborne, Richard, additional, Ozgediz, Doruk, additional, Page, Andrew, additional, Pahari, Bishnu, additional, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, additional, Rivero, Andrea Panozo, additional, Patten, Scott B, additional, Pearce, Neil, additional, Padilla, Rogelio Perez, additional, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, additional, Perico, Norberto, additional, Pesudovs, Konrad, additional, Phillips, David, additional, Phillips, Michael R, additional, Pierce, Kelsey, additional, Pion, Sébastien, additional, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, additional, Polinder, Suzanne, additional, Pope, C Arden, additional, Popova, Svetlana, additional, Porrini, Esteban, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Prince, Martin, additional, Pullan, Rachel L, additional, Ramaiah, Kapa D, additional, Ranganathan, Dharani, additional, Razavi, Homie, additional, Regan, Mathilda, additional, Rehm, Jürgen T, additional, Rein, David B, additional, Remuzzi, Guiseppe, additional, Richardson, Kathryn, additional, Rivara, Frederick P, additional, Roberts, Thomas, additional, Robinson, Carolyn, additional, De Leòn, Felipe Rodriguez, additional, Ronfani, Luca, additional, Room, Robin, additional, Rosenfeld, Lisa C, additional, Rushton, Lesley, additional, Sacco, Ralph L, additional, Saha, Sukanta, additional, Sampson, Uchechukwu, additional, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, additional, Sanman, Ella, additional, Schwebel, David C, additional, Scott, James Graham, additional, Segui-Gomez, Maria, additional, Shahraz, Saeid, additional, Shepard, Donald S, additional, Shin, Hwashin, additional, Shivakoti, Rupak, additional, Silberberg, Donald, additional, Singh, David, additional, Singh, Gitanjali M, additional, Singh, Jasvinder A, additional, Singleton, Jessica, additional, Sleet, David A, additional, Sliwa, Karen, additional, Smith, Emma, additional, Smith, Jennifer L, additional, Stapelberg, Nicolas JC, additional, Steer, Andrew, additional, Steiner, Timothy, additional, Stolk, Wilma A, additional, Stovner, Lars Jacob, additional, Sudfeld, Christopher, additional, Syed, Sana, additional, Tamburlini, Giorgio, additional, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, additional, Taylor, Hugh R, additional, Taylor, Jennifer A, additional, Taylor, William J, additional, Thomas, Bernadette, additional, Thomson, W Murray, additional, Thurston, George D, additional, Tleyjeh, Imad M, additional, Tonelli, Marcello, additional, Towbin, Jeffrey A, additional, Truelsen, Thomas, additional, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis K, additional, Ubeda, Clotilde, additional, Undurraga, Eduardo A, additional, van der Werf, Marieke J, additional, van Os, Jim, additional, Vavilala, Monica S, additional, Venketasubramanian, N, additional, Wang, Mengru, additional, Wang, Wenzhi, additional, Watt, Kerrianne, additional, Weatherall, David J, additional, Weinstock, Martin A, additional, Weintraub, Robert, additional, Weisskopf, Marc G, additional, Weissman, Myrna M, additional, White, Richard A, additional, Whiteford, Harvey, additional, Wiebe, Natasha, additional, Wiersma, Steven T, additional, Wilkinson, James D, additional, Williams, Hywel C, additional, Williams, Sean RM, additional, Witt, Emma, additional, Wolfe, Frederick, additional, Woolf, Anthony D, additional, Wulf, Sarah, additional, Yeh, Pon-Hsiu, additional, Zaidi, Anita KM, additional, Zheng, Zhi-Jie, additional, Zonies, David, additional, and Lopez, Alan D, additional

Published
2012
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186. Years lived with disability (YLDs) for 1160 sequelae of 289 diseases and injuries 1990–2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Author

Vos, Theo, primary, Flaxman, Abraham D, additional, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, Lozano, Rafael, additional, Michaud, Catherine, additional, Ezzati, Majid, additional, Shibuya, Kenji, additional, Salomon, Joshua A, additional, Abdalla, Safa, additional, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Abraham, Jerry, additional, Ackerman, Ilana, additional, Aggarwal, Rakesh, additional, Ahn, Stephanie Y, additional, Ali, Mohammed K, additional, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, additional, Alvarado, Miriam, additional, Anderson, H Ross, additional, Anderson, Laurie M, additional, Andrews, Kathryn G, additional, Atkinson, Charles, additional, Baddour, Larry M, additional, Bahalim, Adil N, additional, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, additional, Barrero, Lope H, additional, Bartels, David H, additional, Basáñez, Maria-Gloria, additional, Baxter, Amanda, additional, Bell, Michelle L, additional, Benjamin, Emelia J, additional, Bennett, Derrick, additional, Bernabé, Eduardo, additional, Bhalla, Kavi, additional, Bhandari, Bishal, additional, Bikbov, Boris, additional, Abdulhak, Aref Bin, additional, Birbeck, Gretchen, additional, Black, James A, additional, Blencowe, Hannah, additional, Blore, Jed D, additional, Blyth, Fiona, additional, Bolliger, Ian, additional, Bonaventure, Audrey, additional, Boufous, Soufiane, additional, Bourne, Rupert, additional, Boussinesq, Michel, additional, Braithwaite, Tasanee, additional, Brayne, Carol, additional, Bridgett, Lisa, additional, Brooker, Simon, additional, Brooks, Peter, additional, Brugha, Traolach S, additional, Bryan-Hancock, Claire, additional, Bucello, Chiara, additional, Buchbinder, Rachelle, additional, Buckle, Geoffrey, additional, Budke, Christine M, additional, Burch, Michael, additional, Burney, Peter, additional, Burstein, Roy, additional, Calabria, Bianca, additional, Campbell, Benjamin, additional, Canter, Charles E, additional, Carabin, Hélène, additional, Carapetis, Jonathan, additional, Carmona, Loreto, additional, Cella, Claudia, additional, Charlson, Fiona, additional, Chen, Honglei, additional, Cheng, Andrew Tai-Ann, additional, Chou, David, additional, Chugh, Sumeet S, additional, Coffeng, Luc E, additional, Colan, Steven D, additional, Colquhoun, Samantha, additional, Colson, K Ellicott, additional, Condon, John, additional, Connor, Myles D, additional, Cooper, Leslie T, additional, Corriere, Matthew, additional, Cortinovis, Monica, additional, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, additional, Couser, William, additional, Cowie, Benjamin C, additional, Criqui, Michael H, additional, Cross, Marita, additional, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, additional, Dahiya, Manu, additional, Dahodwala, Nabila, additional, Damsere-Derry, James, additional, Danaei, Goodarz, additional, Davis, Adrian, additional, De Leo, Diego, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Dellavalle, Robert, additional, Delossantos, Allyne, additional, Denenberg, Julie, additional, Derrett, Sarah, additional, Des Jarlais, Don C, additional, Dharmaratne, Samath D, additional, Dherani, Mukesh, additional, Diaz-Torne, Cesar, additional, Dolk, Helen, additional, Dorsey, E Ray, additional, Driscoll, Tim, additional, Duber, Herbert, additional, Ebel, Beth, additional, Edmond, Karen, additional, Elbaz, Alexis, additional, Ali, Suad Eltahir, additional, Erskine, Holly, additional, Erwin, Patricia J, additional, Espindola, Patricia, additional, Ewoigbokhan, Stalin E, additional, Farzadfar, Farshad, additional, Feigin, Valery, additional, Felson, David T, additional, Ferrari, Alize, additional, Ferri, Cleusa P, additional, Fèvre, Eric M, additional, Finucane, Mariel M, additional, Flaxman, Seth, additional, Flood, Louise, additional, Foreman, Kyle, additional, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, additional, Fowkes, Francis Gerry R, additional, Franklin, Richard, additional, Fransen, Marlene, additional, Freeman, Michael K, additional, Gabbe, Belinda J, additional, Gabriel, Sherine E, additional, Gakidou, Emmanuela, additional, Ganatra, Hammad A, additional, Garcia, Bianca, additional, Gaspari, Flavio, additional, Gillum, Richard F, additional, Gmel, Gerhard, additional, Gosselin, Richard, additional, Grainger, Rebecca, additional, Groeger, Justina, additional, Guillemin, Francis, additional, Gunnell, David, additional, Gupta, Ramyani, additional, Haagsma, Juanita, additional, Hagan, Holly, additional, Halasa, Yara A, additional, Hall, Wayne, additional, Haring, Diana, additional, Haro, Josep Maria, additional, Harrison, James E, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus, additional, Hay, Roderick J, additional, Higashi, Hideki, additional, Hill, Catherine, additional, Hoen, Bruno, additional, Hoffman, Howard, additional, Hotez, Peter J, additional, Hoy, Damian, additional, Huang, John J, additional, Ibeanusi, Sydney E, additional, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, additional, James, Spencer L, additional, Jarvis, Deborah, additional, Jasrasaria, Rashmi, additional, Jayaraman, Sudha, additional, Johns, Nicole, additional, Jonas, Jost B, additional, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, additional, Kassebaum, Nicholas, additional, Kawakami, Norito, additional, Keren, Andre, additional, Khoo, Jon-Paul, additional, King, Charles H, additional, Knowlton, Lisa Marie, additional, Kobusingye, Olive, additional, Koranteng, Adofo, additional, Krishnamurthi, Rita, additional, Lalloo, Ratilal, additional, Laslett, Laura L, additional, Lathlean, Tim, additional, Leasher, Janet L, additional, Lee, Yong Yi, additional, Leigh, James, additional, Lim, Stephen S, additional, Limb, Elizabeth, additional, Lin, John Kent, additional, Lipnick, Michael, additional, Lipshultz, Steven E, additional, Liu, Wei, additional, Loane, Maria, additional, Ohno, Summer Lockett, additional, Lyons, Ronan, additional, Ma, Jixiang, additional, Mabweijano, Jacqueline, additional, MacIntyre, Michael F, additional, Malekzadeh, Reza, additional, Mallinger, Leslie, additional, Manivannan, Sivabalan, additional, Marcenes, Wagner, additional, March, Lyn, additional, Margolis, David J, additional, Marks, Guy B, additional, Marks, Robin, additional, Matsumori, Akira, additional, Matzopoulos, Richard, additional, Mayosi, Bongani M, additional, McAnulty, John H, additional, McDermott, Mary M, additional, McGill, Neil, additional, McGrath, John, additional, Medina-Mora, Maria Elena, additional, Meltzer, Michele, additional, Memish, Ziad A, additional, Mensah, George A, additional, Merriman, Tony R, additional, Meyer, Ana-Claire, additional, Miglioli, Valeria, additional, Miller, Matthew, additional, Miller, Ted R, additional, Mitchell, Philip B, additional, Mocumbi, Ana Olga, additional, Moffitt, Terrie E, additional, Mokdad, Ali A, additional, Monasta, Lorenzo, additional, Montico, Marcella, additional, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, additional, Moran, Andrew, additional, Morawska, Lidia, additional, Mori, Rintaro, additional, Murdoch, Michele E, additional, Mwaniki, Michael K, additional, Naidoo, Kovin, additional, Nair, M Nathan, additional, Naldi, Luigi, additional, Narayan, KM Venkat, additional, Nelson, Paul K, additional, Nelson, Robert G, additional, Nevitt, Michael C, additional, Newton, Charles R, additional, Nolte, Sandra, additional, Norman, Paul, additional, Norman, Rosana, additional, O'Donnell, Martin, additional, O'Hanlon, Simon, additional, Olives, Casey, additional, Omer, Saad B, additional, Ortblad, Katrina, additional, Osborne, Richard, additional, Ozgediz, Doruk, additional, Page, Andrew, additional, Pahari, Bishnu, additional, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, additional, Rivero, Andrea Panozo, additional, Patten, Scott B, additional, Pearce, Neil, additional, Padilla, Rogelio Perez, additional, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, additional, Perico, Norberto, additional, Pesudovs, Konrad, additional, Phillips, David, additional, Phillips, Michael R, additional, Pierce, Kelsey, additional, Pion, Sébastien, additional, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, additional, Polinder, Suzanne, additional, Pope, C Arden, additional, Popova, Svetlana, additional, Porrini, Esteban, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Prince, Martin, additional, Pullan, Rachel L, additional, Ramaiah, Kapa D, additional, Ranganathan, Dharani, additional, Razavi, Homie, additional, Regan, Mathilda, additional, Rehm, Jürgen T, additional, Rein, David B, additional, Remuzzi, Guiseppe, additional, Richardson, Kathryn, additional, Rivara, Frederick P, additional, Roberts, Thomas, additional, Robinson, Carolyn, additional, De Leòn, Felipe Rodriguez, additional, Ronfani, Luca, additional, Room, Robin, additional, Rosenfeld, Lisa C, additional, Rushton, Lesley, additional, Sacco, Ralph L, additional, Saha, Sukanta, additional, Sampson, Uchechukwu, additional, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, additional, Sanman, Ella, additional, Schwebel, David C, additional, Scott, James Graham, additional, Segui-Gomez, Maria, additional, Shahraz, Saeid, additional, Shepard, Donald S, additional, Shin, Hwashin, additional, Shivakoti, Rupak, additional, Silberberg, Donald, additional, Singh, David, additional, Singh, Gitanjali M, additional, Singh, Jasvinder A, additional, Singleton, Jessica, additional, Sleet, David A, additional, Sliwa, Karen, additional, Smith, Emma, additional, Smith, Jennifer L, additional, Stapelberg, Nicolas JC, additional, Steer, Andrew, additional, Steiner, Timothy, additional, Stolk, Wilma A, additional, Stovner, Lars Jacob, additional, Sudfeld, Christopher, additional, Syed, Sana, additional, Tamburlini, Giorgio, additional, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, additional, Taylor, Hugh R, additional, Taylor, Jennifer A, additional, Taylor, William J, additional, Thomas, Bernadette, additional, Thomson, W Murray, additional, Thurston, George D, additional, Tleyjeh, Imad M, additional, Tonelli, Marcello, additional, Towbin, Jeffrey A, additional, Truelsen, Thomas, additional, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis K, additional, Ubeda, Clotilde, additional, Undurraga, Eduardo A, additional, van der Werf, Marieke J, additional, van Os, Jim, additional, Vavilala, Monica S, additional, Venketasubramanian, N, additional, Wang, Mengru, additional, Wang, Wenzhi, additional, Watt, Kerrianne, additional, Weatherall, David J, additional, Weinstock, Martin A, additional, Weintraub, Robert, additional, Weisskopf, Marc G, additional, Weissman, Myrna M, additional, White, Richard A, additional, Whiteford, Harvey, additional, Wiersma, Steven T, additional, Wilkinson, James D, additional, Williams, Hywel C, additional, Williams, Sean RM, additional, Witt, Emma, additional, Wolfe, Frederick, additional, Woolf, Anthony D, additional, Wulf, Sarah, additional, Yeh, Pon-Hsiu, additional, Zaidi, Anita KM, additional, Zheng, Zhi-Jie, additional, Zonies, David, additional, Lopez, Alan D, additional, and Murray, Christopher JL, additional

Published
2012
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187. Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010

Author

Lozano, Rafael, primary, Naghavi, Mohsen, additional, Foreman, Kyle, additional, Lim, Stephen, additional, Shibuya, Kenji, additional, Aboyans, Victor, additional, Abraham, Jerry, additional, Adair, Timothy, additional, Aggarwal, Rakesh, additional, Ahn, Stephanie Y, additional, AlMazroa, Mohammad A, additional, Alvarado, Miriam, additional, Anderson, H Ross, additional, Anderson, Laurie M, additional, Andrews, Kathryn G, additional, Atkinson, Charles, additional, Baddour, Larry M, additional, Barker-Collo, Suzanne, additional, Bartels, David H, additional, Bell, Michelle L, additional, Benjamin, Emelia J, additional, Bennett, Derrick, additional, Bhalla, Kavi, additional, Bikbov, Boris, additional, Abdulhak, Aref Bin, additional, Birbeck, Gretchen, additional, Blyth, Fiona, additional, Bolliger, Ian, additional, Boufous, Soufiane, additional, Bucello, Chiara, additional, Burch, Michael, additional, Burney, Peter, additional, Carapetis, Jonathan, additional, Chen, Honglei, additional, Chou, David, additional, Chugh, Sumeet S, additional, Coffeng, Luc E, additional, Colan, Steven D, additional, Colquhoun, Samantha, additional, Colson, K Ellicott, additional, Condon, John, additional, Connor, Myles D, additional, Cooper, Leslie T, additional, Corriere, Matthew, additional, Cortinovis, Monica, additional, de Vaccaro, Karen Courville, additional, Couser, William, additional, Cowie, Benjamin C, additional, Criqui, Michael H, additional, Cross, Marita, additional, Dabhadkar, Kaustubh C, additional, Dahodwala, Nabila, additional, De Leo, Diego, additional, Degenhardt, Louisa, additional, Delossantos, Allyne, additional, Denenberg, Julie, additional, Des Jarlais, Don C, additional, Dharmaratne, Samath D, additional, Dorsey, E Ray, additional, Driscoll, Tim, additional, Duber, Herbert, additional, Ebel, Beth, additional, Erwin, Patricia J, additional, Espindola, Patricia, additional, Ezzati, Majid, additional, Feigin, Valery, additional, Flaxman, Abraham D, additional, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, additional, Fowkes, Francis Gerry R, additional, Franklin, Richard, additional, Fransen, Marlene, additional, Freeman, Michael K, additional, Gabriel, Sherine E, additional, Gakidou, Emmanuela, additional, Gaspari, Flavio, additional, Gillum, Richard F, additional, Gonzalez-Medina, Diego, additional, Halasa, Yara A, additional, Haring, Diana, additional, Harrison, James E, additional, Havmoeller, Rasmus, additional, Hay, Roderick J, additional, Hoen, Bruno, additional, Hotez, Peter J, additional, Hoy, Damian, additional, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, additional, James, Spencer L, additional, Jasrasaria, Rashmi, additional, Jayaraman, Sudha, additional, Johns, Nicole, additional, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, additional, Kassebaum, Nicholas, additional, Keren, Andre, additional, Khoo, Jon-Paul, additional, Knowlton, Lisa Marie, additional, Kobusingye, Olive, additional, Koranteng, Adofo, additional, Krishnamurthi, Rita, additional, Lipnick, Michael, additional, Lipshultz, Steven E, additional, Ohno, Summer Lockett, additional, Mabweijano, Jacqueline, additional, MacIntyre, Michael F, additional, Mallinger, Leslie, additional, March, Lyn, additional, Marks, Guy B, additional, Marks, Robin, additional, Matsumori, Akira, additional, Matzopoulos, Richard, additional, Mayosi, Bongani M, additional, McAnulty, John H, additional, McDermott, Mary M, additional, McGrath, John, additional, Memish, Ziad A, additional, Mensah, George A, additional, Merriman, Tony R, additional, Michaud, Catherine, additional, Miller, Matthew, additional, Miller, Ted R, additional, Mock, Charles, additional, Mocumbi, Ana Olga, additional, Mokdad, Ali A, additional, Moran, Andrew, additional, Mulholland, Kim, additional, Nair, M Nathan, additional, Naldi, Luigi, additional, Narayan, K M Venkat, additional, Nasseri, Kiumarss, additional, Norman, Paul, additional, O'Donnell, Martin, additional, Omer, Saad B, additional, Ortblad, Katrina, additional, Osborne, Richard, additional, Ozgediz, Doruk, additional, Pahari, Bishnu, additional, Pandian, Jeyaraj Durai, additional, Rivero, Andrea Panozo, additional, Padilla, Rogelio Perez, additional, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, additional, Perico, Norberto, additional, Phillips, David, additional, Pierce, Kelsey, additional, Pope, C Arden, additional, Porrini, Esteban, additional, Pourmalek, Farshad, additional, Raju, Murugesan, additional, Ranganathan, Dharani, additional, Rehm, Jürgen T, additional, Rein, David B, additional, Remuzzi, Guiseppe, additional, Rivara, Frederick P, additional, Roberts, Thomas, additional, De León, Felipe Rodriguez, additional, Rosenfeld, Lisa C, additional, Rushton, Lesley, additional, Sacco, Ralph L, additional, Salomon, Joshua A, additional, Sampson, Uchechukwu, additional, Sanman, Ella, additional, Schwebel, David C, additional, Segui-Gomez, Maria, additional, Shepard, Donald S, additional, Singh, David, additional, Singleton, Jessica, additional, Sliwa, Karen, additional, Smith, Emma, additional, Steer, Andrew, additional, Taylor, Jennifer A, additional, Thomas, Bernadette, additional, Tleyjeh, Imad M, additional, Towbin, Jeffrey A, additional, Truelsen, Thomas, additional, Undurraga, Eduardo A, additional, Venketasubramanian, N, additional, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, additional, Vos, Theo, additional, Wagner, Gregory R, additional, Wang, Mengru, additional, Wang, Wenzhi, additional, Watt, Kerrianne, additional, Weinstock, Martin A, additional, Weintraub, Robert, additional, Wilkinson, James D, additional, Woolf, Anthony D, additional, Wulf, Sarah, additional, Yeh, Pon-Hsiu, additional, Yip, Paul, additional, Zabetian, Azadeh, additional, Zheng, Zhi-Jie, additional, Lopez, Alan D, additional, and Murray, Christopher JL, additional

Published
2012
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189. Reporting injury in older people : epidemiological profile and knowledge gains from data linkage

Author

Boufous, Soufiane, Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW and Boufous, Soufiane, Public Health & Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW

Abstract

As the populations ages rapidly, injury in older people is increasingly becoming a major health problem. This thesis examines the epidemiology of common injuries in older people and how data linkage can improve injury surveillance as well as knowledge about the circumstances and outcomes of injury in older people. These issues are explored using data from New South Wales, Australia and the emphasis is on injuries resulting from falls and traffic crashes as the most common mechanisms of injury in older people. The epidemiology and trends of hospitalisations as a result of hip, pelvic and wrist fractures are examined using NSW hospitalisation data during the 1990's. Internal data linkage of the 2000-2001 NSW hospitalisation data is used to eliminate double counting of hospital admissions for injurious falls in older people and to assess the validity and estimate the effects of previously used approaches on the incidence of hospitalised falls. Probabilistic data linkage of hospital and police crash records for the same year is also used to examine data quality in both collections and to explore the relationship between the circumstances and outcomes of injury in older drivers injured in a traffic crash.The findings of the epidemiological profile of hip, pelvic and wrist fractures in older people indicate that they are likely to continue to impose a considerable burden on acute health care services. The internal linkage of hospital data shows that data linkage techniques allow the identification of incident cases of hospitalised falls and point to the low validity of previously used approaches to estimate the incidence of these cases. Record linkage of hospital and police records demonstrates the limitations of using the datasets separately to examine the burden of traffic injuries in older people and shows the importance of environmental factors, complex road intersections in particular, in high injury severity in older drivers. The thesis also discusses some of the ch

Published
2006

193. Global, regional, and national under-5 mortality, adult mortality, age-specific mortality, and life expectancy, 1970–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Wang, Haidong, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraha, Haftom Niguse, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afshin, Ashkan, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibthiel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akanda, Ali Shafqat, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alabed, Samer, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alasfoor, Deena, Aldridge, Robert William, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Al-Eyadhy, Ayman, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Aljunid, Syed M, Alkaabi, Juma M, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allam, Shalini D, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anber, Nahla, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arora, Megha, Artaman, Al, Aryal, Krishna Kumar, Asayesh, Hamid, Asgedom, Solomon Weldegebreal, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Assadi, Reza, Assaye, Ashagre Molla, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atre, Sachin R, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Babalola, Tesleem Kayode, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Baune, Bernhard T, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Bayu Begashaw, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennett, James R, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benson, Jennifer, Berhane, Adugnaw, Berhe, Derbew Fikadu, Bernabé, Eduardo, Beuran, Mircea, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhansali, Anil, Bhaumik, Soumyadeep, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast, Bikbov, Boris, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Bjerregaard, Peter, Blosser, Christopher D, Boneya, Dube Jara, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Brugha, Traolach S, Bukhman, Gene, Bulto, Lemma Negesa Bulto, Bumgarner, Blair Randal, Burch, Michael, Butt, Zahid A, Cahill, Leah E, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Car, Josip, Car, Mate, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Carter, Austin, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Franz F, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chen, Honglei, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Cohen, Aaron J, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Coresh, Josef, Criqui, Michael H, Cromwell, Elizabeth A, Crump, John A, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, de Courten, Barbora, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Deiparine, Selina, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Diaz-Torné, Cesar, Ding, Eric L, Dixit, Priyanka, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Huyen Phuc, Doku, David Teye, Donnelly, Christl Ann, dos Santos, Kadine Priscila Bender, Douwes-Schultz, Dirk, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Dwivedi, Laxmi Kant, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, El Bcheraoui, Charbel, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Enayati, Ahmadali, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Eshetie, Setegn, Eshrati, Babak, Eskandarieh, Sharareh, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Faro, André, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Fernandes, João C, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Frank, Tahvi, Franklin, Richard C, Fraser, Maya, Friedman, Joseph, Frostad, Joseph J, Fullman, Nancy, Fürst, Thomas, Furtado, Joao M, Futran, Neal D, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gambashidze, Ketevan, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gankpé, Fortuné Gbètoho, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebregergs, Gebremedhin Berhe, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebrekidan, Kahsu Gebrekirstos, Gebremichael, Mengistu Welday, Gelaye, Amha Admasie, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gemechu, Bikila Lencha, Gemechu, Kasiye Shiferaw, Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Gesesew, Hailay Abrha, Gething, Peter W, Gibney, Katherine B, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gillum, Richard F, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Girma, Bedilu Weji, Giussani, Giorgia, Goenka, Shifalika, Gomez, Beatriz, Gona, Philimon N, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goulart, Alessandra Carvalho, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hakuzimana, Alex, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Hay, Simon I, He, Fei, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Herteliu, Claudiu, Hilawe, Esayas Haregot, Hoek, Hans W, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hostiuc, Sorin, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Huang, Hsiang, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Igumbor, Ehimario Uche, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Inoue, Manami, Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Irvine, Caleb M S, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Islam, Nazrul, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jaenisch, Thomas, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jha, Vivekanand, Jin, Ye, John, Denny, John, Oommen, Johnson, Sarah Charlotte, Jonas, Jost B, Jürisson, Mikk, Kabir, Zubair, Kadel, Rajendra, Kahsay, Amaha, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimi, Seyed M, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassaw, Nigussie Assefa, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kelbore, Sefonias Getachew, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Keren, Andre, Kereselidze, Maia, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Ketema, Ezra Belay, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khera, Sahil, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khosravi, Mohammad Hossein, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Yun Jin, Kim, Cho-il, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Pauline, Kim, Sungroul, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kishawi, Sami, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivimaki, Mika, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kuate Defo, Barthelemy, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Pushpendra, Kumsa, Fekede Asefa, Kutz, Michael, Lachat, Carl, Lagat, Abraham K, Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lambert, Nkurunziza, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larson, Heidi J, Larsson, Anders, Laryea, Dennis Odai, Lavados, Pablo M, Laxmaiah, Avula, Lee, Paul H, Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yongmei, Liao, Yu, Liben, Misgan Legesse, Lim, Stephen S, Linn, Shai, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Shiwei, Lodha, Rakesh, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lorch, Scott A, Lorkowski, Stefan, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Ma, Stefan, Macarayan, Erlyn RachelleKing, Machado, Isis Eloah, Mackay, Mark T, Magdy Abd El Razek, Mohammed, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majdzadeh, Reza, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malhotra, Rajesh, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C, Marczak, Laurie B, Marks, Guy B, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Martins-Melo, Francisco Rogerlândio, Massano, João, Maulik, Pallab K, Mayosi, Bongani M, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGarvey, Stephen Theodore, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, Mehata, Suresh, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mehta, Kala M, Meier, Toni, Mekonnen, Tefera Chane, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Mengistu, Desalegn Tadese, Menon, Geetha R, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Meretoja, Atte, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Mikesell, Joseph, Miller, Ted R, 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Abstract

Detailed assessments of mortality patterns, particularly age-specific mortality, represent a crucial input that enables health systems to target interventions to specific populations. Understanding how all-cause mortality has changed with respect to development status can identify exemplars for best practice. To accomplish this, the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) estimated age-specific and sex-specific all-cause mortality between 1970 and 2016 for 195 countries and territories and at the subnational level for the five countries with a population greater than 200 million in 2016.

Published
2017
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194. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

Author

Vos, Theo, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abebo, Teshome Abuka, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Aboyans, Victor, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adamu, Abdu Abdullahi, Adetokunboh, Olatunji, Afarideh, Mohsen, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Aggarwal, Rakesh, Agrawal, Anurag, Agrawal, Sutapa, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Aichour, Miloud Taki Eddine, Aichour, Amani Nidhal, Aichour, Ibtihel, Aiyar, Sneha, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al Lami, Faris Hasan, Alahdab, Fares, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Tahiya, Alasfoor, Deena, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Ali, Raghib, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Maskari, Fatma, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Alsowaidi, Shirina, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Andersen, 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Abstract

As mortality rates decline, life expectancy increases, and populations age, non-fatal outcomes of diseases and injuries are becoming a larger component of the global burden of disease. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of prevalence, incidence, and years lived with disability (YLDs) for 328 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2016.

Published
2017
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197. Relationship between alcohol mangement plans and injury reductions in a remote Australian community

Author

Boufous Soufiane, Clapham Kathleen, Ivers Rebecca, Hinchcliff Reece, Torr Sally, Senserrick Teresa, and Lyford Marilyn

Subjects
education.field_of_study, business.industry, Population, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Poison control, Human factors and ergonomics, Alcohol, medicine.disease, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, chemistry.chemical_compound, Harm, chemistry, Environmental health, Injury prevention, Medicine, Medical emergency, education, business
Abstract

Background Alcohol management plans have been introduced in several remote communities in Australia to address a high rate of alcohol-related harm. Aims/Objectives/Purpose To evaluate the impact on injury of the alcohol management plan in Bourke NSW (population 2175; 33% Aboriginal) following introduction of takeaway alcohol restrictions in February 2009. Methods Community and stakeholder interviews were conducted at 12 (n=29) and 24 months (n=19) post-restrictions. Hospital emergency presentations, admissions and police crime databases were analysed to compare injury at 12 months pre- and post-restrictions. Results/Outcome Contested views were provided; however, the majority of interviewees reported visible and tangible benefits, such as reduced public drunkeness and violence. Police reported a 22% decrease in assaults. Hospital presentations (N=714) showed no change in the proportion involving injury (6%) but a significant decline in the proportion of injury presentations involving alcohol (negative binomial regression p=0.016). Injury admissions were low (N=229), with few significant findings detected; however, head injuries decreased by 1.5 times. Significance/Contribution to the Field Despite limitations of small numbers and alcohol status likely under-enumerated in hospital data, the results collectively indicate reductions in alcohol-related injury, supporting the increasing uptake of alcohol management plans.

Published
2012

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