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This diploma thesis focuses on fashion blogs and the perception of bloggers by their readers. The thesis is divided into three parts - theoretical, methodological and analytical. In the first part, I explain the terms that are associated with blogging and therefore journalism, online journalism, blogging, social networks, but also the character of journalist, blogger and the concept of an opinion leader. In the second part, I will present the procedures that I used for date collection, I will also introduce the research objective and describe the research file. In the last part, I describe the research itself, which I translated through a mixed analysis when I used both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Using a questionnaire survey, I perceived the perception of a fashion blogger from the viewpoint of its followers, their identification with the blogger's figure, but I also chose the supplementary question where I studied, whether the readers prefer fashion blogs or magazines and also the reason for their preferences. The results confirm the positive relationships of readers to the blogger, they consider him as an inspirational person who influences fashion trends, but also opinions on current topics. I see the added value of this diploma in revealing what readers think about bloggers and...

The article is devoted to the social phenomenon of bloggers due to the need of preventing extremism among young people through the Internet. The authors consider the theoretical aspects of the concepts of extremism among young people and internet communications, including the scope of video hosting company YouTube. It is necessary to distinguish the expression of negative assessments from calls for criminal actions against other persons. The use of internet communication contributes to the spread of extremist consciousness and practices. In doing this, the activity of bloggers brings not only negative, but also significant positive potential in the prevention of extremism among young people. The conclusion is made about the inexpediency of the policy of restrictions and prohibitions in the sphere of blogging. The necessity and importance of cooperation and system interaction with young bloggers are emphasized. Статья посвящена социальному феномену блоггеров в связи с необходимостью профилактики экстремизма в молодежной среде посредством возможностей Интернета. Авторы рассматривают теоретические аспекты понятий экстремизма в молодежной среде и Интернет-коммуникаций, в том числе возможности видеохостинговой компания YouTube. Необходимо отличать выражение негативных оценок от призывов к преступным действиям по отношению к другим лицам. Использование Интернет-коммуникаций способствует распространению экстремистских сознания и практики. При этом деятельность блоггеров несет не только негативный, но и значительный позитивный потенциал в профилактике экстремизма в молодежной среде. Делается вывод о нецелесообразности политики ограничений и запретов в сфере блоггинга. Подчеркивается необходимость и важность сотрудничества и системного взаимодействия с молодыми блоггерами.

В статье страница Instagram рассматривается как объект массовых коммуникаций, который приносит автору материальные выгоды. Выявлены такие параметры, как контент-планирование, взаимодействие с подписчиками, рекламодателями и другими блогерами, а также оценка эффективности выбранной стратегии с помощью инструмента «Статистика». Продвижение в Instagram достигается за счёт соблюдения эстетических норм и тематического и стилистического единства. Глубинные интервью с отечественными блогерами подтвердили нашу гипотезу: каждый отдельный аккаунт фактически представляет собой мини-СМИ со своей информационной и рекламной политикой. Автор блога выполняет функцию куратора, или «выпускающего редактора»: происходит тщательный отбор фото, которые соответствовали бы концепции, тематике, а главное стилистике аккаунта. Между SMM-специалистами корпоративных профилей и независимыми Instagram-блогерами существует важное отличие: в то время как первые составляют контент-планы для утверждения с клиентом, вторые не полагаются на долгосрочное планирование; они заготавливают посты накануне или же вовсе создают их непосредственно перед публикацией. Так достигается эффект искренности, ощущение «нахождения в моменте», которое ценят подписчики. Первостепенную роль в продвижении профиля играет графический контент, дополнительный охват обеспечивают хэштеги, взаимодействие с подписчиками, участие во флешмобе #sfs и симметричный обмен контентом с блогерами одного уровня. Измерить ROI можно методом самостоятельного аудита с помощью инструмента «Статистика», встроенного в Instagram. Это позволяет лучше узнать аудиторию и скорректировать коммуникацию для расширения влияния. Сотрудничество с брендами начинается в среднем от 10 тыс. подписчиков. Для этого блогер представляет свою аудиторию и выступает с предложением о совместном проекте. Успех рекламного размещения во многом зависит от того, насколько органично нативная реклама вписана в стилистику профиля. Партнёрские публикации размещаются в основном профиле, а также в Stories специальном разделе с фото и 15-секундными видео, которые удаляются через 24 часа после публикации. Охват таких публикаций ниже, однако они лучше воспринимаются подписчиками, а размещение в Stories обходится рекламодателям дешевле, чем в основном профиле. Наибольший охват приносит попадание поста в раздел «Тренды», однако это регулируется внутренними алгоритмами Instagram., In the article, an Instagram page is considered as part of mass communications which brings money and other benefits to its holder. Deep interviews with Russian Instagram bloggers confirmed our hypothesis: each account represents a separate medium with its own information and advertising policy. The article explores such parameters as content planning, interaction with subscribers, advertisers and other bloggers, as well as ROI assessment via the Statistics tool. Promotion in Instagram is achieved through the observance of aesthetic norms and thematic and stylistic unity. In-depth interviews with domestic bloggers confirmed our hypothesis: each separate account is actually a mini-media with its information and advertising policies. The author of the blog thus functions as a curator, or "issuing editor": there is a careful selection of photos that correspond to the concept, themes, and most importantly-the style of the account. There is an important difference between a business SM manager and an independent Instagram blogger: while the former makes content plans for approval with the client, the latter does not rely on long-term planning; instead, he/she procures posts the night before or creates them just before publication. This achieves the effect of sincerity, the sense of "being in the moment", which subscribers appreciate. Graphic content plays the primary role in the promotion of the profile. Additional coverage is provided by hashtags, interaction with subscribers, participation in the #sfs flashmob and symmetric content exchange between bloggers of the same level. It is possible to measure ROI via independent audit by means of the "Stats" tool built into Instagram. This allows to better understand the audience and adjust communication to expand influence. Cooperation with brands starts on average from 10K subscribers. The blogger presents his/her audience and proposes a joint project. The success of advertising placement largely depends on how well the ad post corresponds with the established aesthetics of the profile. Affiliate publications are placed in the main profile, as well as in Stories-a special section with photos and 15-second videos, which are deleted 24 hours after the publication. Reach of such publications is lower, but they are better perceived by subscribers, and placement in Stories costs advertisers cheaper than in the grid. The greatest coverage comes from getting a post featured in the "Trends" section; however, this is regulated by proprietary algorithms within Instagram, and is not possible to predict.

Razvoj i popularnost društvenih mreža i blogova nije promijenila samo način komunikacije već i ponašanje potrošača i njihov odabir modnih proizvoda. Blogovi su postali novi medij preko kojega se šire informacije, okupljaju istomišljenici i pokreće novi pogled na svijet mode. Društvene mreže, kao dio svijeta interneta, promijenile su način na koji većina populacije komunicira i njihovom pojavom došlo je do značajnih promjena u marketingu i načinu na koji tvrtke, odnosno dizajneri, žele uspostaviti kontakt sa svojim kupcima. Kroz ovaj rad nastoji se odgovoriti na pitanje da li bloggeri i društvene mreže utječu na odabir modno odjevnog proizvoda i u kojoj mjeri. Poznato je kako su danas potrošači sve zahtjevniji i svakim danom traže nove informacije koje bi im olakšale i skratile vrijeme odabira i kupovine, jer vrijeme je novac. The development and popularity of social networks and blogs has not only changed the way of communication, but the behavior of consumers and their choice of fashion products. Moreover, blogs have become a new medium through which information is spread, they occupy people of similar fashion tastes and create a new look at world fashion. Social networks, as part of the Internet, have changed the way the majority of the population communicates and their appearance caused significant changes in marketing. Most importantly, social networks and blogs changed the way companies and fashion designers want to establish and retain contact with their customers. Through this graduate thesis, we try to answer the question of whether bloggers and social networks influence the consumers choice of fashion clothing products and to what extent. It is known that today, consumers are more and more demanding than ever before. Each day they are looking for new information to ease and shorten the time of choice and purchase because, as we all know, time is money.

Sosyal medya, bireylerin kendi aralarında ve topluluk halinde kuracakları iletişimler için son derece önemli bir mecradır. Sosyal medya ile gerçekleştirilen iletişimler, kişilerin diğerleri ile etkileşimleri ve fikirler üzerinde yaratacakları etki açısından önem taşımaktadır. Sosyal medya araçları arasında yer alan bloglar da bir web günlüğü olarak takipçilerin kanaatleri üzerinde belirleyici olabilmektedir. Sosyal medyanın gelişimi ile sanal ortamda oluşan grupların kendilerine özel yapılarını öğrenme gereksinimleri de araştırmacılar, pazarlama çevreleri ya da sosyal alanlarda ortaya çıkmış ve bu maksatla sanal grupların etnografik özelliklerini tanımlamaya yardımcı olacak netnografi yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu araştırma bloglar vasıtasıyla annelik kavramının nasıl değiştiğini, yeni annelik kavramının bloglar üzerinden nasıl inşa edildiğini, bloggerların anneler üzerindeki etkisini ortaya koyabilmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma neticesinde, blogger annelerin çocuk eğitimi, çocukla kurulacak duygusal bağ, annenin hangi doğum yöntemini kullanacağı, yeni nesil annelik fikrinin benimsetilmesi gibi konularda anneler üzerinde etkiye sahip olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır., Social media is a highly important medium for communications to be established by individuals both among themselves and in masses. Communications that are established through social media are important in terms of interactions of individuals with others and their possible effect on opinions. Being among social media tools; blogs may also determine the opinions of followers as a web diary. The need for groups that have emerged in the virtual environment with the development of social media to learn their distinctive structures has been observed in researchers, marketing environments or social areas and for that purpose, netnography method has been developed for the purpose of defining the ethnographic characteristics of virtual groups. This study has been conducted for revealing how the concept of motherhood has been altered via blogs, how the concept of new motherhood is constructed on the basis of blogs and how bloggers affect mothers. As a result of the study, it has been concluded that blogger mothers affect mothers on some subjects like child education, emotional bond to be established with the child, mother’s choice of delivery method and adoption of the idea of new generation motherhood.

La démocratisation et l’usage des tic ont posé de nouvelles questions concernant l’appro­pria­tion des messages médiatiques. Plus précisément, la frontière semble de plus en plus en floue entre citoyen expert, journaliste, profane, médias alternatifs et médias traditionnels. Pour rendre compte de ces frontières, et plus spécifiquement de la place des médias traditionnels dans ce nouvel espace médiatique, cette recherche exploratoire se propose d’analyser les pratiques de référencement des sources de bloggeurs politiques par l’analyse de leur usage des hyperliens. Nous montrerons qu’au premier coup d’œil la structure relationnelle entre les différentes catégories d’acteurs semble relativement peu centralisée. Néanmoins, une analyse plus détaillée réservant un traitement séparé aux blogrolls et aux hyperliens référentiels montre que ce constat est à nuancer. En effet, s’il est vrai que le réseau des blogrolls donne une place importante aux autres blogs et médias « alternatifs », l’analyse des hyperliens référentiels montre quant à elle que, malgré les idéaux de l’internet participatif, les médias « traditionnels » maintiennent une position dominante en tant que source d’information dans la pratique quotidienne de maintien d’un blog politique. The democratization of itc has arisen new questions about the media message appropriation. More precisely, it is more and more hard to set clear boundaries between expert citizens, journalists, alternative media and traditional media. This research analyzes referencing practices through hyperlinking in a political blogosphere to understand more deeply where the traditional media stand in this new mediatic space. We will show that, at the first glimpse, the relational structure seems poorly centralized. Nevertheless, this decentralized and alternative-oriented structure only stands for the blogroll hyperlink network, where the referential hyperlink network is still highly dominated by the traditional media. La democratización y el uso de las tic provocan nuevas preguntas a propósito de la apropia­ción de los mensajes mediáticos. Más precisamente, la frontera parece cada vez más borroso entre los ciudadano experto, periodista, profano, mediáticos alternativos y mediáticos tradicionales. Para realizar estas fronteras, y más específicamente la plaza de los medios tradi­cio­nales en este nuevo espacio mediático, esta investigación propone a analizar los prácticos de referencias de la fuente de los bloggers políticos por análisis de su uso de los enlaces. Mostramos que a la primera vista la estructura relaciónala entre las diferentes categorías de actores parece menos centralizado. Pero, un análisis más detallado reservando un tratamiento separado a los blogrolls y a los hipervinculos de referencia muestran que este descubrimiento es matizada. Si es cierto que los blogroll atribuyen un puesto importante a los blogs demás y a los medios alternativos, el análisis de los hipervinculos de referencia muestra, mientras los ideales del internet participativo, que los mediáticos tradicionales mantienen una posición dominante de fuente de información en la práctica diaria del mantenimiento de un blog político.

the article presents a quantitative and qualitative analysis of judicial decisions under article 10.2 of the Federal law of 27.07.2006 №149-FL «About information, information technologies and protection of information», are presented the results of the monitoring of compliance with the requirements of the Law's most popular bloggers. The conclusion about the lack of practical value of this article for enforcement.

Formålet med denne oppgaven var å undersøke nærmere hvordan negative omtaler i media påvirker troverdigheten til bloggere. Bloggere har de siste årene utviklet seg til å bli det vi kalle influencers. En influencer er en person som har muligheten til å påvirke mange, gjerne gjennom sosiale medier. For å svare på vår problemstilling valgte vi å fokusere på toppblogger Caroline Berg Eriksen. I slutten av desember 2014 kom det fram i media at Caroline Berg Eriksen hadde lagt ut retusjerte bilder av seg selv på bloggen sin, selv om hun tidligere benektet for å gjøre det. Tidlig i januar 2015 kom det også fram at ektemannen hennes, Lars-Kristian Eriksen, stod bak kommentarjuks på kommentarfeltet på bloggen hennes. Da dette ble kjent kom det flere nyhetsoppslag i ulike aviser om hendelsen. Selv om det ble en stor mediasak er Caroline Berg Eriksen fortsatt høyt oppe på topplisten i 2017. Måten vi har undersøkt dette på er gjennom en spørreundersøkelse som ble utført på nett hvor vi fikk 1000 respondenter. I spørreundersøkelsen hadde vi både generelle spørsmål om bloggeres troverdighet, i tillegg til troverdigheten til Caroline Berg Eriksen. Spørsmålene ble utformet ut i fra hypotesene vi utformet på forhånd. I begynnelsen av forskningen skjønte vi fort at vi ville få mangelfulle resultater på underliggende årsaker. Vi valgte derfor å også gjennomføre en kort kvalitativ forskning med totalt fire informanter. Informantene fant vi ved å spørre respondentene fra spørreundersøkelsen om de var villige til å stille opp til dybdeintervju. Spørsmålene som ble stilt i intervjuene var også noen av spørsmålene som ble stilt i spørreundersøkelsen, men de fikk i denne delen av forskningen mulighet til å utdype svarene. De fikk også andre spørsmåler vi utformet for å finne underliggende årsaker. Vi analyserte funnene fra den kvantitative undersøkelsen ved hjelp av SPSS og utførte relevante analyser. Svarene fra de kvalitative intervjuene ble kodet, og blir presentert etter relevans. Gjennom både spørreundersøkelsen og dybdeintervjuene fant vi at troverdigheten til Caroline Berg Eriksen ble negativt påvirket av de negative omtalene i media, samt måten hun håndterte omtalene i etterkant. Vi fikk dermed støtte for begge våre hypoteser. Vi ser flere feilkilder i metodedelen, som vi vil utdype til slutt i oppgaven. Vi vil også kommer med forslag til hvordan man kan videre forske på sammenhengen mellom negative omtaler i media og bloggernes troverdighet.

Blogging er blitt til en kjent kanal for annonsering av produkter. Flere virksomheter ønsker å benytte store bloggere for å formidle informasjon om deres produkt og få budskapet ut til så mange som mulig. I dag leser 1.3 millioner nordmenn regelmessig blogger, dette åpner for gode muligheter til å drive markedsføring gjennom bloggere. Denne bacheloroppgaven er en kvalitativ studie. Oppgavens problemstilling har som mål å se nærmere på hvordan to ulike bloggere benytter seg av retorikk i sponsede blogginnlegg, og hvordan dette oppfattes hos leserne. Ved hjelp av kvalitative dybdeintervjuer får jeg innsikt i bloggleseres tanker om sponsede innlegg, og hvordan retorikkens ethos kommer til uttrykk. Jeg bruker Jens E. Kjeldsen (2006) moderniserte språk av Aristoteles retorikk for å kartlegge hvilke virkemidler som er med på å skape ethos. Dette innebærer å se på bloggernes evne til å formidle kunnskap, utøve moralsk karakter og vise velvilje ovenfor leserne. Jeg har analysert kommersielle bloggtekster fra to forskjellige bloggere med ulik popularitet, for å danne meg et bilde av hvordan ethos kommer til uttrykk. I dybdeintervjuene kommer det frem at informantenes oppfatning av de retoriske virkemidlene skyggelegges av bloggerens skriftlige egenskaper og markedsteorier som persuasive knowledge.

Tämän pro gradu –tutkielman tarkoitus oli selvittää, millaisia ravintoon ja fyysiseen harjoitteluun liittyviä teemoja hyvinvointiblogeista nousee esille ja minkälaisia blogin kirjoittajien eli bloggaajien antamat ohjeet ravinnosta ja harjoittelusta ovat suhteessa tämänhetkisiin suosituksiin ja kirjallisuuteen. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostui kolmen suositun bloggaajan kirjoittamista blogiteksteistä kuukauden ajalta (syyskuu 2015). Tutkimus on laadullinen tutkimus, jossa aineisto käsiteltiin sisällönanalyysillä. Analyysin tuloksia suhteutettiin annettuihin terveyssuosituksiin ja kirjallisuuteen tutkijan vertailun avulla. Tutkimuksen aineistosta löydettiin kolme pääluokkaa: asiantuntijuuspuhe, kilpailupuhe ja hyvinvointipuhe. Tutkimuksessa perehdyttiin tarkemmin asiantuntijuuspuheeseen, joka sisällönanalyysin avulla jaettiin vielä pienempiin alaluokkiin ravinnon ja harjoittelun suhteen. Ravintoon liittyviä alaluokkia muodostettiin neljä, jotka olivat 1) painonpudotus ja kehonmuokkaus, 2) terveellinen ravinto ja sen vaikutukset, 3) riittävä ravinto sekä 4) ravintolisät ja superfoodit. Treeniin liittyviä alaluokkia löytyi viisi, jotka olivat 1) kuntosaliharjoittelu, 2) lihaskuntoliikkeet, 3) lepo ja mielen hyvinvointi, 4) kehonhuolto ja 5) treenaamisen tulokset. Blogien sisältämät ohjeet ravinnosta ja harjoittelusta olivat pitkälti samoja alan kirjallisuuden sisältämien suositusten kanssa. Samankaltaisuutta ravinto-osiossa löytyi kaikista neljästä alaluokasta. Suurin yksittäinen eroavaisuus blogien ja suositusten välillä oli siinä, ettei blogeissa kirjoitettu satunnaisista herkuista ruokavaliossa. Kirjallisuuden mukaan herkut ja sattumat kuuluvat inhimillisenä tekijänä terveellisen ruokavalioon. Yhtäläisyyksiä treeni-osiossa löytyi kaikista viidestä alaluokasta. Blogeista kirjoitettiin paljon levosta ja mielen hyvinvoinnista, joihin liittyvät ohjeet olivat hyvin samantapaista aikaisemman kirjallisuuden kanssa. Tutkittuja, kolmea blogia voidaankin pitää suhteellisen asiantuntevina ja bloggaajien antamia neuvoja voidaan käyttää apuna treeniä ja ravintoa suunniteltaessa. Tärkeää on kuitenkin muistaa, että ihmiset ovat yksilöitä, eivätkä yleiset neuvot ole kaikille sopivia ja bloggaajissa on suuria eroja, eivätkä kaikki bloggaajat ole samaa mieltä yleisten suositusten kanssa. The purpose of this Master´s thesis was to find out what kind of themes, related to nutrition and training, emerges from the wellness blogs and how the bloggers’ guidelines and instructions about nutrition and training are in correlation with the official recommendations. The data of the research consists of the three most popular wellness bloggers’ posts from the fitfashion.com website within one month (August 2015). This study is a qualitative research in which the data was analyzed by content analysis. The result from the analysis was compared with the official recommendations. The data was divided into three groups from the result of the analysis: discourse of expertise, discourse of competition and discourse of wellness. This research concentrated on discourse of expertise that was divided into smaller categories of nutrition and training by content analysis. The study showed what kind of themes related to nutrition and training were written in the blogs by research question 1. Four subcategories related to nutrition emerged: 1) weight loss and body modification, 2) healthy nutrition and its impacts 3) adequate nutrition and 4) supplements and superfoods. In addition, after completing the study, five subcategories related to training were found: 1) gym exercising, 2) motions, 3) resting and mind wellbeing, 4) body care and 5) results of the training. Reduced subcategories from the research were compared to the official recommendations. The result of the second research question was that the instructions of the nutrition and training from the chosen blog posts were largely the same as in the official recommendations. Similarity in the nutrition section was found in all four subcategories. The biggest difference between blogs and recommendations was that blogs did not include random delicacies in the diet. According to several studies, delicacies and incidences were considered as a human factor in establishing a healthy diet. Similarities in the training section were also found in all five subcategories. Resting and well-being of the mind emerged also strongly from the blogs, which was very similar to previous studies. Therefore, these blogs can be relatively regarded as experts and their instructions can be used for planning the training and nutrition. An important factor that should be emphasized, is that each person is an individual and all the general guidelines in official recommendations do not fit everyone. In addition, bloggers’ preferences and style of writing can vary, and not every blogger agrees with the official recommendations.

В статье рассматривается один из аспектов взаимодействия людей посредством сети интернет – через ведение собственных блогов, в которых авторы представляют вниманию интернет-сообщества собственную мировоззренческую позицию и установки. Исследуется специфика обретения популярности через данное направление, рассматриваются перспективы развития видеоблогерства. The article discusses one aspect of human interaction via the Internet is through running your own blogs in which the authors present the attention of the Internet community's own ideological position and install. Investigates the specifics of gaining popularity through this direction, the perspectives for the development of videobloggers.

The main purpose of this essay is to develop an intervention proposal for first Baccalaureate year with the aim to promote the intercultural competence in the English language subject through the creation of a blog, a tourist guide of Edinburgh, by using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and the blogger platform. Firstly, the Spanish historical intercultural approach is broached within the legislation framework and it is delimited in the Valencian Community for the proposal development. Added to this, a bibliographical review is made which gathers fundamental concepts such as culture, interculturality, multiculturality and pluriculturality as well as their connections with the treatment of intercultural competence in the English classroom. It is also highlighted the use of ICT through modality which serves as an important tool in order to develop the intercultural competence and where also theories and foundations will be presented that encompass it. Secondly, the intervention proposal presented has a length of one month with twelve sessions in total in order to develop the project. In addition, in the activities presented, the intercultural and linguistic competences as well as the cultural awareness and the blogger platform are worked implicitly and explicitly in order to create a tourist guide of Edinburgh to promote the digital competence. Once this proposal is concluded, it can be observed how the blogger platform is a useful tool, which allows the development of intercultural competence within English classroom subject. On the one hand, it eliminates cultural barriers and encourages positive and open-minded attitudes towards cultures, traditions, habits and lifestyles, and on the other hand, students work in groups or individually gathering authentic information from internet. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo consiste en una propuesta de intervención para la etapa educativa de primero de bachillerato donde la finalidad es desarrollar la competencia intercultural en el aula de inglés a través de la plataforma blogger creando un blog como guía turística de Edimburgo, mediante el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC). En un primer lugar, se aborda dentro del marco legislativo la evolución histórica del tratamiento intercultural en España y se concreta dentro de la Comunidad Valenciana para el desarrollo de la propuesta. Añadido a esto, se elabora una revisión bibliográfica donde se recogen los conceptos fundamentales como son la cultura, la interculturalidad, multiculturalidad y pluriculturalidad, y la relación que tienen dichos conceptos con el tratamiento de la competencia intercultural en el aula de inglés. Asimismo, se resalta el uso de las TIC a través de la multimodalidad que sirven como herramienta fundamental para el desarrollo de la competencia intercultural y donde además se expondrán teorías y fundamentos que lo engloba. En segundo lugar, se plantea la propuesta de intervención con una duración de un mes y un total de 12 de sesiones. Asimismo en las actividades se trabaja de forma implícita y explícita la competencia intercultural, lingüística y la consciencia cultural además de hacer uso de la plataforma blogger desarrollando una guía turística de Edimburgo para fomentar las competencias digitales. Una vez concluido la propuesta se puede apreciar cómo la plataforma blogger es una herramienta útil que permite desarrollar la competencia intercultural en la asignatura de lengua inglesa. Por un lado elimina las barreras, fomenta actitudes positivas y abiertas respecto a otras culturas, sus tradiciones, hábitos y estilos de vida y por otro lado los alumnos trabajan en grupo o individual escogiendo información auténtica en internet.

Denne bacheloroppgaven handler om hvorvidt produktomtaler på blogger genererer høyere merkeholdninger og kjøpsintensjon, til sammenligning med produktomtaler i digitale magasiner. Dette begrunnes med den antatte effekten til det ensidige, tenkelige forholdet blogglesere skaper til bloggere, der en blogger i mange sammenhenger anses som en ekte venn. Vi ønsker å undersøke om denne relasjonen er så sterk at den oppbygde troverdigheten til mediepersonen fører til at konsumenter får positive holdninger til produkter som omtales, samt om kjøpsintensjonen øker. Formålet med oppgaven er dermed å se om variablene parasosial interaksjon, forfatterens troverdighet og tekstens troverdighet har en sammenheng med merkeholdninger og kjøpsintensjon. Oppgaven baseres på tidligere forskning og spesielt studiet til Colliander og Dahlén (2011), som fant ut at para-sosial interaksjon har en sterk effekt på konsumenters holdninger og atferd. Vi vil også presentere etablert teori om emnet og våre variabler for å støtte oppunder hypotesene, undersøkelsen og sammenhengene vi trekker. Vi har benyttet en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi, med et eksperimentelt undersøkelsesdesign, da vi ønsket å styrke eller avkrefte våre hypoteser. Undersøkelsen ble gjennomført våren 2017 av studenter ved Høyskolen Kristiania og Frogn Videregående Skole, gjennom utsendelse av spørreskjema over internett. Resultatene av analysen ble deretter drøftet opp mot teorien vi tok utgangspunkt i. I likhet med tidligere forskning og annen litteratur fant vi en årsakssammenheng mellom våre avhengige og uavhengige variabler, der funnene viste at alle våre fire hypoteser ble signifikant støttet. Produktomtaler på blogger har større påvirkningskraft enn produktomtaler i nettmagasiner. Med denne bacheloroppgaven håper vi at vi kan være et bidrag for bedrifter som vurderer alternative måter å markedsføre seg på. Markedet vokser stadig, der sosiale medier og blogger tar mer og mer plass. Vi ønsker å gjøre det lettere å oppfatte fordelene en kan oppnå ved å inngå et merkesamarbeid med bloggere – så lenge en velger en blogger med de riktige assosiasjonene og som når ut til den ønskede målgruppen.

In article is considered development of online course «Algorithmization and programming» and its application in educational process of the gymnasium N 99 at the Ekaterinburg В статье рассматривается разработка он-лайн курса «Алгоритмизация и программирование» и его применение в образовательном процессе МАОУ гимназии № 99 г Екатеринбурга

This thesis titled Blog as a phenomenon of online journalism focuses on public perception of blogs, printed media and online versions of printed media. The theoretical part is divided into three chapters, which deal with online journalism, blogs and its history, new media and the last chapter is about possible journalism future. The practical part of my thesis is based on quantitative analysis and qualitative research. The quantitative research applies surveys as a data gathering method with randomly chosen sample of respondents. The qualitative research uses in-depth interviews conducted with students studying New media or Journalism degrees at the Charles University. In the empirical part of my thesis, the study sets out three key hypotheses. After the interpretation of both research methods we found out that women of age 25 or lower prefer to read blogs rather than magazines about beauty. The second hypothesis states that the most trustworthy media type perceived by women is the press. This hypothesis has been proven as well. Furthermore, the results from the survey indicated that a price is not the most important factor for choosing the media type. However, it still belongs among the three most important factors that respondents base their decision on when choosing a media type. Lastly the...

The goal of this article is to show how and why it is important for businesses to not only understand social media marketing, but to also include it as an integral part of their marketing strategies. In this article will be set out some basic strategies for how to be successful in social media marketing and conclude with a more in-depth look at Facebook.

Master's thesis in International Hospitality Management Many businesses nowadays have considered the internet as a source of communicating or reaching out to their customers and potential customers, creating an easy access for communication. Communication is one of the most important aspects in any organization or business. The availability of the internet creates an avenue for easy, effective and a 24hours access to information for both parties. An aspect of online communication is blogging, blogs could be a way of driving traffic which helps to improve search engine ranking because blogs helps to bring fresh content and dynamic content into the mix and this particularly effective if the blog is created within the companies or business website domain. Companies and businesses are beginning to realize the importance of blogging and are employing this technique of driving traffic from their blogs into their website. Blogging has had a significant increase recently. More and more businesses are starting to use blogs on various levels to communicate either with the employees or potential customers. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the ways in which rhetorical strategies are employed and/or communicated in Kviknes hotels blog, by using google analytics to identify visitor’s behaviors towards the blog posts, “Ethos, Logos and Pathos” were employed as the three rhetorical strategies. The data collected from Google analytics showed interesting characteristics of viewer’s behaviour towards a blog post and the persuasiveness of each blog posts on the viewers based on the different kinds of rhetorical strategies. The data showed that the blog posts have varying persuasive effect on the blog viewers. It however shows that the persuasiveness of a blog post is related with how well the three rhetorical strategies are employed in the blog post and identifying the effective use of the three rhetorical strategies to be more persuasive than using them individually.

Статья поступила в редакцию 10.03.2016 г. Статья посвящена анализу стилистических особенностей рекламных текстов в социальной сети Instagram. Как инструмент продвижения данная сеть в России пока не изучена, а текст в Instagram до сих пор не был предметом специального исследования. На материале 100 рекламных текстов в аккаунтах известных блогеров и селебрити показано, что основной их особенностью является имитация обычного поста в личном блоге. Как правило, эти тексты имеют разговорный характер. The article is devoted to the analysis of stylistic peculiarities of advertising messages in the social network Instagram. As a tool of promotion this network in Russia has not been studied yet, and the text in Instagram has not become the subject of a special study so far. Based on the analysis of 100 advertising texts in the accounts of famous bloggers and celebrities the author shows that their main feature is simulating a typical post in the personal blog. As a rule, these texts are conversational by their nature.

Bakgrunnen for denne oppgaven baserer seg på vår genuine interesse for påvirkning- og ledelsesfagene. Vi finner det interessant å se nærmere på hvordan andre oppfatter ledere som tar i bruk blogg hvor det publiseres både private og jobbrelaterte innlegg. Oppgaven skal derfor forsøke å bevisstgjøre persepsjonen som finnes om ledere som tar i bruk blogg. For å kunne undersøke dette har vi tatt i bruk Stereotype Content Model (SCM). Modellen er tidligere tatt i bruk av Fiske, Cuddy, Glick og Xu (2002), og har vært en inspirasjon til utformingen av vår oppgave. For å kunne se nærmere på persepsjonen som finnes om ledere som blogger har vi utformet følgende problemstilling som utgangspunkt: ”Hvordan skaper blogging persepsjon av lederskap?” Ettersom denne undersøkelsens formål er å forstå og beskrive et fenomen innebærer dette at vi har valgt en eksplorativ tilnærming som har et fenomenologisk utgangspunkt som forskningsdesign. Vi har derfor gjennomført individuelle dybdeintervjuer av vårt utvalg, som er avgrenset til yngre ledere i norsk næringsliv som befinner seg i Oslo-området. Vår undersøkelse viser at det finnes ulik persepsjon av lederskap, når ledere tar i bruk blogg. Funnene i undersøkelsen indikerer at våre informanter assosierer bloggfenomenet med begrepet rosablogger. Det forekommer tendenser av fordommer og stereotypier til bloggfenomenet, og dette kan sees i sammenheng med horneffekten. Funnene indikerer at ledere som blogger ikke fremstår som varme, men at bruken assosieres med å skape en fasade og fremme seg selv. Det viser seg at våre informanter stiller spørsmålstegn til lederens troverdighet når man tar i bruk blogg, men at autoritetsprinsippet er gjeldende når det kommer til statussymbolet titler. Det kan tenkes at det forekommer en klikk-snurr respondering når man blir presentert for tittelen leder, på bakgrunn av at samtlige informanter beskriver ledere som blogger som kompetente. Det som også kan oppstå er glorieeffekten hvor vi liker mennesker som er like oss selv, og at våre informanter aksentuerer det som passer. I vår undersøkelse viser det seg at ledere med en posisjonsmakt eller en stillingstittel, kan skadeliggjøre sitt eget omdømme men også relasjoner i organisasjonen, ved å bruke blogg til å ytre om sine private holdninger. På en annen side viser det seg derimot at det kan være effektivt å ta lederskap ved hjelp av blogg når man ikke har en konkret posisjonsmakt i en organisasjon, ifølge vår undersøkelse.

Tema for oppgaven er en tilnærming til å studere iscenesettelse av familie er gjennom blogger. Hvordan familie fremstilles i sosiale medier. Jeg har valgt de som blogger om det å være eller gjøre familie samt bloggene deres, som målgruppe i min studie. Bloggerne jeg vil konsentrere meg om omtales ofte som mamma- eller familiebloggere. Jeg er interessert i hvordan de konstruerer sin identitet og sin virkelighet gjennom bloggen. Hvilke forventninger og krav de har til seg selv som foreldre samt hvordan dette kommer til uttrykk på bloggen. Hvilke diskurser er det som snakkes frem om det å være eller gjøre familie og hvilke sosiale eller terapeutiske konsekvenser de ulike diskursive fremstillingene av familien får.

The ad blocking hype has brought new challenges for fashion brands to be seen and heard. Therefore new marketing strategies have to be found. Since the usage of mobile devises increased and consumers spend more time on online social networks - influencer marketing had been found as a authentic marketing channel to reach the consumers. Therefore this thesis aims on providing fashion brands a guideline of the components and characteristics of influencer marketing. To accomplish this research objective the qualitative method approach of expert interviews had been chosen and four experts from the fashion influencer marketing were questioned about their daily work with influencers to elaborate their needs and the challenges they are facing. The interviews lead to four core components of influencer marketing: authenticity, long-term relations, co-creation and micro-influencers. Underneath these core components the following sub-components were found: brand fit, exclusivity, visual language, passion, trust, price, creative freedom, and frequent communication. The main conclusion of this study is that working with micro influencers is key a component of influencer marketing. These influencers tend to have high authenticity, are experts in a certain niche and are not motivated by monetary reasons.

The main objective of the thesis was to explore the phenomenon of fashion blogs. Not in terms of their marketing or journalistic function as it was originally intended, but in a way of an examination of the position of the blog author. We focused on the reasons for the motivation of the authors of the blog leading them to continue their work. The first chapter outlined the process of creation of the blog and the development of the blog in general. Based on research of the literature related to the fashion and media, the development of the fashion blog in the Czech Republic was described. The second chapter studied theoretical preview on blogs, which showed the strong relationship between media and blogging, defined marketing influence in the blogging and described product placement. At the same time we have shown from a theoretical point of view, based on the literature sources, the importance for the authors of the blogs of building social capital by blogging. This fact was analysed in the research part of the thesis when the individual answers of the Czech bloggers were presented. The research part of the thesis compared the theory with the practice based on conclusions of the Czech discourse on fashion. This was achieved by analysing of the interviews with leading domestic bloggers. Using qualitative...

Denne bacheloroppgaven vil ha fokus på hvordan jeg har arbeidet med å synliggjøre min nyetablerte fotobedrift gjennom å benytte meg av innholdsmarkedsføring via blogg og hjemmeside. Kort oppsummert ønsker jeg å svare på følgende; Hvordan kan jeg ved hjelp av innholdsmarkedsføring på egen blogg, lykkes med å gjøre en nyetablert og ukjent fotobedrift mer synlig?

The article presents an analysis of new words in computer terminology that make their way to blogs and analyzes how the official neologisms and computer terms, especially the equivalents to barbarisms, are employed in everyday use. The article also discusses the ways of including the new computer terms into texts. The blogs on topics of information technology are the objects of the research. The analysis of the aforementioned blogs allowed highlighting certain trends in the use of new computer terms. An observation was made that even though the authors of the blogs could freely choose their writing style, they were not bound by the standards of literary language. Thus, their language was full of non-standard vocabulary; however, self-control regarding the language used could still be noticed. An interest in novelties of computer terminology and the tendency to accept some of the suggested new Lithuanian and loaned computer terms were noticed. When using the new words the bloggers frequently employed specific graphical elements and (or) comments. The graphical elements were often chosen by bloggers to express their feelings of doubt regarding the suitability of the use of the suggested loanword. Attempting to explain the meaning of the new word to the readers the bloggers tended to post comments about the new computer terms.

El 16 de enero de 2017, la revista Trendencias publicaba el ranking con las trece blogueras de moda más influyentes del año en España, estableciendo así una relación directa entre la industria de la moda y las redes sociales. Este artículo realiza un análisis descriptivo con apuntes exploratorios a través del análisis de contenido de la estrategia –en primer lugar, multicanal y en segundo lugar desarrollada en Instagram– llevada a cabo por estas trece influencers españolas de moda y referencia con gran presencia en Internet que se han convertido en auténticas líderes de opinión. Los objetivos pasan por identificar los principales canales, estrategias de comunicación online, popularidad e interacciones efectuadas por los públicos, así como identificar la presencia de marcas en sus posts de Instagram, conocer sus características, formatos, elementos compositivos, alcance y engagement de esta nueva comunicación comercial que se aleja de los canales oficiales corporativos. Los resultados aportan una taxonomía sobre cómo se configura la comunicación publicitaria en las redes sociales de las influencers y demuestran que no existe una correlación directa entre la actividad y la popularidad de las mismas, así como la nula identificación publicitaria de los posts. Last 16th of January of 2017, Trendencias magazine published the ranking with the thirteen most influential fashion bloggers of the year in Spain, thus establishing a direct relationship between the fashion industry and social networks. This article makes a descriptive analysis with exploratory characteristics through the content analysis of the strategy –first multichannel and second developed on Instagram– carried out by these thirteen Spanish influencers of fashion and reference with great presence on the Internet that have become authentic leaders of opinion. The objectives go through identifying the main channels, online communication strategies, popularity and interactions made by the public as well as identify the presence of brands in Instagram posts, know their characteristics, formats, compositional elements, reach and engagement of this new commercial communication that moves away from official corporate channels. The results provide a taxonomy on how advertising communication is configured in the social networks of the influencers and show that there is no direct correlation between the activity and the popularity of them, as well as the null advertising identification of the posts.

Tato studie se zaměřuje na rozlišení mezi koncepty veřejného a soukromého v kontextu komunikačních procesů a zkoumá tyto koncepty ze dvou pohledů: viditelnosti (skrytý vs. otevřený) a kolektivity (individuální vs. sociální). Na podkladu Habermasovy myšlenky vzestupu a pádu moderní veřejnosti, kdy oba procesy souvisely se změnami v komunikačním prostředí, se autor zabývá otázkou, zdali současná sociální média se svou schopností umožnit každému občanu v rozvinutém světě šířit své ideje takřka neomezeným způsobem, mohou přispět ke znovuzrození veřejné sféry v Habermasově smyslu. Analýzou blogů jako jedněch z nejpopulárnějších typů soudobých nových médií autor dospívá k tvrzení, že mnoho z nich obsahuje převážně intimní a triviální informace, často odvozené z diskurzu masmédií, a jejich tvůrci vykazují jasné známky exhibicionismu, zatímco jiní dávají přednost ukrytí za virtuální identitou. Blogy jsou tematizovány jako příklady dvojznačného procesu masifikace autorství a současné de-masifikace a fragmentace publika. V závěru autor rozvíjí myšlenku blogosféry jako komunikační struktury rizomového typu bez jakéhokoliv centra, hierarchie či prostředníků.

Blogger and Facebook as social media environments are two important platforms, because of their popularity, easy to use graphical user interface and free opportunities. The increasing number of research in the literature and the usage of social networking sides for supporting the learning process show that understanding the reflection of learners and investigating the result of a sample of a case are the keys. This 14 weeks study focused on understanding the students’ perspective on teaching and learning by supporting social media. This single case study was implemented on the 18 Doctoral students at Ege University, College of Education during the Fall Semester in 2012-2013. Participants were 10 male, 8 female students from various institutions. The data was collected online by using pre and post questionnaires. Descriptive content analysis was conducted; themes and codes were created by the combination of literature, the aim of the research and the collected data of this study. The results of this study showed that there were four main themes such as social networking, affective dimension, active learners, and instructor’s characteristics. The results highlighted that all students met their expectations during the course and they had positive attitude towards using Facebook. However, only the half of students thought that Blogger is an useful tool for the course activities. The results are overlapping with literature; however it should be emphasized that it needs more research on how to design the instruction by using social media, Sosyal medya ortamlarından Blogger ve Facebook, kullanım kolaylığı ve ücretsiz olması nedeniyle yaygın şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Söz konusu ağların eğitimi desteklemek amacıyla kullanımı ve bu konudaki araştırmaların giderek arttığı dikkate alındığında söz konusu uygulamalara ilişkin bir örnek durumun incelenmesi ve öğrenen tepkilerinin ortaya çıkartılmaya çalışılması önemli görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda uygulaması 14 hafta süren araştırmanın amacı; öğrenenlerin öğretme-öğrenme sürecinde sosyal medya kullanımına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemektir. Tek desenli durum çalışması niteliğinde olan bu araştırma 2012-2013 eğitim-öğretim yılı güz döneminde Ege Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde yürütülmekte olan Doktora Formasyon Programı kapsamındaki Gelişim ve Öğrenme dersinde yapılmıştır. Bu dönemde dersi alan ve farklı enstitülerde doktora programlarına kayıtlı 10 erkek ve 8 kadın olmak üzere toplam 18 öğrenci araştırmaya katılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler anket yoluyla çevrimiçi olarak işlemden önce ve sonra olmak üzere iki aşamada toplanmıştır. Dersler sınıf ortamındaki paylaşımların yanı sıra sosyal medya ortamlarındaki etkinliklerle de yürütülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde nitel veriler için; temalar ve kodlar çalışmanın tasarlanmasından itibaren hem alanyazın, hem çalışmanın amaçları hem de elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgulara göre beklentiler, sosyal ağlar, öğrenme ortamı, duyuşsal özellikler, öğrenen katkısı ve öğretim elemanı özellikleri ana temaları ortaya çıkmıştır. Bulgulara göre öğrenenlerin tamamının dersle ilgili beklentilerinin karşılandığı; ders etkinlikleri için Facebook kullanımının öğrenenlerin tamamı tarafından olumlu olarak değerlendirildiği; Blogger kullanımının ise öğrenenlerin yarısı tarafından olumlu bulunduğu görülmüştür. Bulgular alanyazınla tutarlı olmakla birlikte, öğretim programlarının tasarlanması aşamasından başlayarak sosyal medyanın öğretim sürecine nasıl dâhil edilebileceği, öğretim işini yürütenler tarafından nasıl işe koşulabileceği üzerinde daha fazla çalışmaya ihtiyaç duyulduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Списание "Съвременна хуманитаристика" 2014 брой 1, Изследва се един от най-актуалните медийни дебати – противопоставянето „Аз журналистика” - „Ние журналистика”. Представят се теоретичните и практическите проекции на различни гледни точки по основните проблеми: Дошъл ли е краят на традиционната журналистика? След като в гражданската журналистика всеки може да бъде журналист, кой е тогава професионалният журналист? Утвърждава се авторската теза за запазване на отговорната и авторитетна позиция на журналиста в съвременния медиен свят.One of the most actual media debate is studied – the confrontation „I, the journalism” – „We, the journalism”. Theoretical and practical projections of various points of view on the basic problems are presented: Did the end of the traditional journalism come? Since everyone can be a journalist in the civil journalism, who then is the professional journalist? The author’s thesis of retaining the responsible and competent position of the journalist in the contemporary media world is ascertained.

La investigación tiene el objeto de realizar los informes de las prácticas de los laboratorios en asignaturas de química utilizando los servicios de Google Apps y determinar si existe mejora en el trabajo colaborativo al comparar con la modalidad tradicional que no utiliza esos servicios. Se usó la herramienta Google drive para redacción colaborativa en la nube, se trabajó sincrónicamente y asincrónicamente, donde todos los estudiantes de un grupo de laboratorio participan en la construcción de su informe sin la necesidad estricta de estar reuniéndose físicamente, adicionalmente existe la tutoría presencial del docente en un momento de la redacción del informe, se buscó en general la posibilidad real de superar los inconvenientes de la modalidad tradicional de elaboración de los informes. Se ha propuesto una guía de trabajo colaborativo para el uso de estas herramientas en la actividad propuesta, las herramientas útiles para la elaboración de informes de prácticas son: en primer lugar Google Drive, Google Académico, Gmail, Google Traductor, Gmail. Google Calendar, Google Libros, Buscador de Blogs, y la herramienta extra usada para elaborar videos fue Movie Maker. Merecen una atención particular Google Sites y Blogger, como herramientas de publicación y gestión de información para el docente y el alumno. Se desarrolló guías para el manejo de las herramientas de Google Apps utilizadas, principalmente de Google drive, Google sites y Blogger. La modalidad de elaborar los informes de las prácticas de laboratorio que utiliza herramientas Google evidenció una mejoría en el trabajo colaborativo del 46 % respecto a la modalidad tradicional. En la calidad del informe elaborado se observó una mejoría del 22 % en comparación al método tradicional y sobre el aprovechamiento o entendimiento logrado la mejora es del 40 %. La mejoría determinada en el trabajo colaborativo, las guías para el trabajo colaborativo y las guías de manejo de las herramientas Google permite poner en consideración el uso de Google Apps en la actividad de elaboración de informes de prácticas de laboratorio de química. This investigation aims to carry out laboratory practice reports in Chemistry by using Google Apps services and to determine if the team work was improved when comparing with everyday writing which does not involve this type of service. Google drive was used to write the reports collaboratively in internet. Work was done synchronically and asynchronously, that is, all the students in a lab group take part in writing their report without getting together. In addition, students can see their tutors at any time for the report composition. The issues in everyday writing were tried to overcome in general. A team work guide was posed for these tools to be used in this activity. These tools are as follows: Google Drive, Academic Google, Gmail, Google translator, Google books, Blogs browser and Movie Maker which is the most useful tool for videos. Google Sites and Blogger as information management and publication tools are top notch for teachers and students. Guides for Google apps use were done, especially Google drive, Google site and Blogger. The reports of laboratory practice using Google improved team work in 46 %, the report quality was improved in 22 %, and the understanding in 40 % in relation to the everyday report writing. The improvement determined in the team work, the guides for the team work and the guides for the Google tool handle show the importance of the Google Apps use when writing reports of laboratory practice in Chemistry.

[ES] La moda española cuenta con una gran presencia fuera de nuestras fronteras, las marcas abren tiendas en todo el mundo. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer cuál es la situación de la moda española, especialmente en los medios sociales, con qué términos se la relaciona… para poder aprender cómo conocer la reputación de una marca de moda española. Para ello se han seleccionado una serie de blogs de moda de distintos países muy bien posicionados en su país de influencia, como fuente de información para este trabajo. De ellos se han extraído las menciones que hacen alusión a la moda española o a marcas concretas y que permitirán conocer cuál es la opinión general en torno a las marcas objeto del estudio. Los resultados del estudio muestran que Zara y Mango son las grandes protagonistas de la moda española en el ámbito internacional en cuanto a menciones y valoración positiva por parte de los blogs estudiados., [EN] Spanish fashion has a strong presence outside the country, brands are opening stores around the world. The objective of this study is to know what is the Spanish fashion situation, specially in social networks, with what words is related ... to could learn how to know about a Spanish fashion brand reputation. For that, we have selected diferent fashion blogs from different countries well positioned in their original country, as information source for this work. In them, we have sought mentions about Spanish fashion or a specific brand from Spain and which allow us to know the general opinion about brands under study. The study results show that Zara and Mango are the Spanish fashion leaders internacionally in terms of mentions and positive ratings in studied blogs.

El periodisme de moda s'ha vist afectat per l'era digital: s'ha sotmès a un profund procés de renovació, on les xarxes socials han passat a ser una eina fonamental per qualsevol mitjà. Aquesta recerca pretén analitzar els continguts publicats sobre el 080 Barcelona Fashion, a les xarxes socials i a les webs de diversos mitjans de comunicació i bloggers durant un període de temps determinat. El periodismo de moda se ha visto afectado por la era digital: se ha sometido a un proceso de renovación, donde las redes sociales han pasado a ser una herramienta indispensable por cualquier medio. Esta recerca pretende analizar los contenidos publicados sobre la 080 Barcelona Fashion, en las redes sociales y las webs de distintos medios de comunicación y bloggers durante un periodo de tiempo determinado. Fashion journalism has been affected by the digital era: it has gone through a deep renovation process, where social networks have become an essential tool for any media. This research seeks to analyze the content published in the 080 Barcelona Fashion, in the social networks and websites of various media and bloggers during a certain period of time.

Bachelor thesis is focused on exploring promotion of brands and companies on specific Czech fashion blogs. At the same time investigates the reaction of readers and awareness on the promotion of blogs and its actual impact on these readers. The theoretical part contains information about marketing, communication process, forms of communication, communication and communication mix on the internet. Further information in this section is about social networks and their use in business, the characteristics of a blog, the blog history, whether abroad or in the Czech Republic. The practical part presents the analysis of co-operation brands with specific Czech fashion bloggers and results of a questionnaire survey among the readers.

El propósito del presente trabajo se conjugó para ofrecer herramientas y afirmar o descartar hipótesis referentes a la monetización de los blog como fuente de ingreso de un bloguero obteniendo un Sueldo Mínimo Interprofesional o personas que se encuentren en paro prolongado, para la cual se realizó un estudio tipo descriptivo y de campo, con un diseño no experimental – transversal, la técnica de recolección de datos fue la entrevista informal no estructurada a principales blogueros y expertos en materia de blogs en diferentes nichos de mercado. Se pudo constatar el cumplimiento exitoso de los objetivos planteados al principio del TFM, de esta manera se concluyó que se puede obtener un Salario Mínimo Interprofesional (SMI) mensual a través de un blog con dedicación a tiempo completo y utilizando las herramientas adecuadas para la monetización del mismo.

Mastergradsoppgave i digital kommunikasjon og kultur, Avdeling for lærerutdanning og naturvitenskap, Høgskolen i Hedmark, 2014. Norsk sammendrag: Denne oppgaven vil undersøke personlige blogger i forhold til feministisk teori og særlig begrepet «écriture féminine» slik det har blitt skissert av Hélène Cixous og andre. Postinger fra to blogger i en måned blir analystert etter en metode basert på denne feministiske teorien. Målet er å kunne identifisere feministisk skrivepraksis i bloggfeltet, og med det avklare om personlige blogger kan sies å være feministiske i en anti-patriarkalsk forstand. Er det uinteressante betraktinger fra dagligliv og kvinneliv som ikke har noen diskursiv effekt i kjønnsfeltet, eller kan disse bloggene utgjøre en kraft som kan virke mot en forskjellstenkning i språket som tenker i binære opposisjonspar som svart/hvit og kvinnelig/mannlig. Den personlige bloggen har blitt en uavhengig maktfaktor i mediebildet i moderne tid, og med det har den også blitt et demokratisk uttrykksmiddel også for marginaliserte grupper i samfunnet. English abstract: This thesis shall discuss personal blogs according to feministic theory in particular the term «écriture féminine» as laid out by Hélène Cixous and others. Posts from two bloggers in one month are analyzed by a method based on this feministic theory. The goal is to identify feministic writing in the blog sphere and by that clarify if personal blogs can be described as feministic in an anti-patriarchal way. Are these blogs tedious considerations from everyday life and womanhood which has no discourse effect in the gender field, or can they constitute a force that counters a hierarchical opposition in the language, which uses binary opposites such as black/white and female/male. The personal blog has become an independent force in the media, and by that become a democratic expression even for the marginal groups in society.

The topic of this research becomes a part of the study of different forms of authorial "Ego" in Internet texts. Blog Belonika interesting the personality of the author, and the author's unique narrative strategy. The first part is devoted to information and communication specifics of modern Russian blogosphere. The second part deals with questions of the communicative behavior and its structure, different classifications of the basic types of bloggers and understanding of characteristics of their communicative behavior. The third part is devoted to the analysis of the communicative model blogger Veronica Belotserkovskaya and set of her voice masks used to create her online identity. Тема данного научного исследования лежит в области изучения различных форм проявления авторского «я» в интернет-текстах. Блог Belonika интересен как самой личностью автора, так и уникальной авторской нарративной стратегией. Первая часть работы посвящена информационной и коммуникативной специфике современной русской блогосферы. Во второй части рассматриваются вопросы коммуникативного поведения и его структуры, приводятся различные классификации основных типов блогеров и разбираются особенности их коммуникативного поведения. Третья часть посвящена анализу коммуникативной модели блоггера Вероники Белоцерковской и набора ее речевых масок, используемых для создания ее интернет-идентичности.

En aquest document es presenta una recerca que intenta donar resposta a una hipòtesi inicial: utilitzar bloggers al sector de la moda fa que aquesta sigui vista d'una manera més propera pels consumidors potencials. S'ha creat un marc teòric centrat, sobretot, en les noves tecnologies, Internet i l'impacte i els canvis que aquestes han provocat en la forma de comunicar per les empreses. Amb mètodes d'investigació quantitatius com l'enquesta i qualitatius com l'entrevista en profunditat, s'arriba a unes conclusions força interessants que poden donar peu a futures recerques per la seva ampliació. En este documento se presenta una investigación que intenta dar respuesta a una hipótesis inicial: utilizar bloggers en el sector de la moda hace que ésta sea vista de una manera más cercana para los consumidores potencionales. Se ha creado un marco teórico centrado, sobretodo, en las nuevas tecnologías, Internet i el impacto i los cambios que éstas han provocado en la forma de comunicar para las empresas. A partir de métodos de investigación cuantitativos como la encuesta i cualitativos como la entrevista en profundidad, se llega a unas conclusiones bastante interesantes que pueden dar pie a futuras investigaciones para su ampliación. The research presented on this paper aims to validate the following initial hypothesis: using bloggers in the fashion industry makes it look closer to potential costumers. A theoretical framework has been created mainly focusing on new technologies, the Internet and the impact and changes these have brought in communication for companies. Thanks to quantitative research methods - such as the survey - and qualitatives methods - in-depth interview - ; a number of interesting conclusions are reached that may lead to future researches in order to widen the scope of this paper.

La primera imagen que visualizamos cuando nombramos a Google es su conocido buscador web, cuyo éxito es de sobra conocido por su simplicidad y eficacia. Además de estas dos pautas, Google ha construido toda una filosofía organizativa y empresarial que empapa al resto de sus aplicaciones: el usuario es el protagonista, la innovación constante, la rapidez de sus servicios, su famoso lema “don´t be evil” (que en una traducción libre y particular podríamos traducir en “se pueden conseguir beneficios siendo honesto”), su universalidad, el fomento de la creatividad y el talento, etc. Estas facetas positivas y loables no deben hacernos perder de vista lo que es actualmente Google: una empresa multinacional tecnológica que factura decenas de miles de millones de dólares. Tanto dinero genera otro tipo de pautas organizativas que no dan una imagen tan brillante y que han sido puestas en entredicho por diferentes organizaciones, como la Unión Europea, y diversos autores. Por lo tanto, y tras estas dos visiones de lo que supone Google, podemos sacar provecho educativo de sus servicios siempre y cuando operemos desde una situación de vigilancia crítica, sobre todo en el ámbito de la educación en edades tempranas, que es el que nos ocupa. La protección de los menores en Internet debe estar muy presente en el quehacer diario de los docentes que utilizan sus herramientas tecnológicas. Por ello se impone una lectura concienzuda de los términos y condiciones de sus servicios, salvaguardando los derechos de los menores de edad, en especial de la privacidad de sus datos de carácter personal. The first image we envision when we name Google is its Web browser, whose success is well known for its simplicity and effectiveness. In addition to these guidelines, Google has built an entire organizational and business philosophy that permeates the rest of its applications: the user is the protagonist, constant innovation, speed of its services, its famous slogan “don't be evil” (in a free and particular translation it could mean “benefits can be achieved by being honest”), its universality, fostering creativity and talent, etc. These positive and praiseworthy facets should not make us lose sight of what Google is nowadays: a technological multinational company billing tens of billions of dollars. Such amount of money generates other organizational guidelines, which do not show a brightpicture, and have been called into question by various organizations such as the European Union, and also by several authors. Therefore, after these two visions of what Google means, we can draw educational benefit from their services as long as we operate from a position of critical vigilance, especially in the field of education atan early age, which is what we are concerned. The protection of minors on the Internet must be very present in the daily work of teachers who use their technological tools. Therefore, a thorough reading of the terms and conditions of their services is imposed, safeguarding the rights of minors, especially in the privacy of their personal data.

Denne oppgaven omhandler blogger og selvpresentasjon, og formålet har vært å besvare tre problemstillinger. Hovedproblemstillingen er ”hvordan kan selvpresentasjon av Norges mest populære personlige blogger tolkes?”, og underproblemstillingene er ”hvordan presenteres kropp og trening på bloggene?” og ”hvordan kan kjønn tolkes på bloggene?”. Innholdsanalyse av tekst og bilder har blitt anvendt som metodiske verktøy, og tre av Norges mest populære personlige blogger har dannet grunnlaget for undersøkelsen. Funnene fra undersøkelsen viser at bloggen er den optimale ”scenen” for å fremstille en ”polert” utgave av seg selv. Ved å anvende Goffmans (1992) begreper ser en at bloggerne kan overkommunisere sidene de ønsker å fremheve i fasadeområdet, og undergraver sidene de vil skjule i baksideområdet, hvor leserne ikke har adgang. Bildeanalysene viser at baksideområdet har blitt aktivt brukt til å redigere bildene etter de var tatt, og justere den personlige fasaden for å fremstå best mulig overfor publikum, før bildene ble tatt. Dette kommer tydelig til syne gjennom utseende og kroppslig fremtreden. To av bloggerne formidler hva og hvor mye de trener, og fremstiller et ”samvittighetssyndrom” i forhold til tematikken. De samme bloggerne synes å ha et ”maskinelt” forhold til kroppen, noe som sees gjennom beskrivelser av at kroppen utfører treningen ”for dem”, og dermed fremstår som et objekt utenfor dem selv. Motivasjonen deres for å trene oppfattes som tvetydig; på den ene siden formidles trening i et helseperspektiv, og på den andre uttrykkes det at trening oppleves som plikt og brukes som et redskap for å endre utseende på kroppen. Den tredje bloggeren er mindre opptatt av trening, men analysene viser at hun forbinder trening med kroppslig utseende. Tolkningen av kjønn viser at bloggerne presenterer både likheter og forskjeller som kan knyttes opp mot Connells (1987) begreper om ”feminiteter”. Likhetene sees i sammenheng med kropp og utseende, og forbindes tydelig med feminitet. Disse er langt og farget hår, sminkede ansikter, hvite tenner, mørke og markerte bryn og vipper, solbrune og slanke kropper. Forskjellene som kommer til syne tolkes som tre ulike former for feminiteter, Fotballfrue som ”emphasized femininity”, Sophie Elise som ”den plastiske feminitet” og Andersen som ”den sporty feminitet”.