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Agenesis of corpus callosum is a rare malformation of the brain. In Aicardi syndrome, it is associated with retinal lacunae and infantile spasms. Once Aicardi syndrome is diagnosed, one should look for other central nervous system malformations. We report a child who presented with developmental delay, chorioretinal lacunae and infantile spasms, due to Aicardi syndrome, associated with a type 2b interhemispheric cyst diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging.

We report a case of Kearns-Sayre syndrome in 10-year-old boy, who presented with epilepsia partialis continua. Laboratory investigations revealed an elevated creatine kinase, serum lactate and cerebrospinal fluid protein. The subject was treated with multiple antiepileptic medications and megavitamins and the seizures decreased over a period of 2 wk.

In this paper coaxial probe fed rectangular Dielectric resonator antenna (DRA) is presented. A cylindrical conductor pin in inserted in to DRA to bring the additional resonance. The impedance Bandwidth (

Anal canal malignancy is one of the dreadful conditions. Most of the anal canal malignancies are squamous cell carcinomas for which the treatment is well established and the prognosis is usually favourable. Small cell carcinoma of anal canal is a very rare condition and poorly understood, which can present as haemorrhoids in its early stages and has an aggressive course. We present a case of small cell carcinoma of anal canal who underwent Abdomino Perineal Resection (APR) and chemotherapy. He developed liver metastasis during the course of chemotherapy and succumbed to the condition 4 months later.

Impacted Central Incisor tooth is a common finding in the Orthodontic practice. But managing of Impacted Incisor which is unfavorable with Dilaceration is a tough task. We are presenting a case of Maxillary impacted incisor with Dilaceration.

An intrusion detection system (IDS) is hardware, software or a combination of two, for monitoring network or system activities to detect malicious signs. In computer security, designing a robust intrusion detection system is one of the most fundamental and important problems. The primary function of system is detecting intrusion and gives alerts when user tries to intrusion on timely manner. In these techniques when IDS find out intrusion it will send alert massage to the system administrator. Anomaly detection is an important problem that has been researched within diverse research areas and application domains. This survey tries to provide a structured and comprehensive overview of the research on anomaly detection. From the existing anomaly detection techniques, each technique has relative strengths and weaknesses. The current state of the experiment practice in the field of anomaly-based intrusion detection is reviewed and survey recent studies in this. This survey provides a study of existing anomaly detection techniques, and how the techniques used in one area can be applied in another application domain.

Background: If the ears have perforation of long standing durations, even without cholesteatomas, they remain infected. Three times as many operations were performed in the United States in 1978 for this disease as were performed for cholesteatoma. The objective of the study was to study of pathology of ossicles in non-cholesteatomatous chronic suppurative otitis media, its repair and outcome. Methods: This is a clinical study of patients presented to outpatient, department of Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences, Bellary during the period of November 2004 to November 2005 with non-cholesteatomatous chronic suppurative otitis media. This study is aimed to study the various ossicular abnormalities encountered in non-cholesteatomatous chronic suppurative otitis media and their reconstruction techniques. Results: 12 ears (40%) had central and 18 ears (60%) had subtotal perforation. The average hearing loss in patients with isolated erosion of lenticular process of incus was 50.72±6.95 dB. In our study, autologous incus was used for ossicular reconstruction in 14 (46.67%) patients and homologous septal cartilage in 10 (33.33%) cases. Twenty-nine of the 30 cases underwent myringostapediopexy (type IIIb tympanoplasty) with the ossicular graft as short columella between the tympanic membrane graft and the stapes superstructure. Conclusions: Excellent results were noted only with the autologous incus graft. 28.57% of the total patients with autologous incus graft showed excellent post-operative results. Good results were found for autologous incus, homologous septal cartilage and teflon PORP, with percentage of 28.57, 50 and 25% respectively.

Background: Early surgical intervention has been found to be better in terms of patient satisfaction compared even with the medical management. The objective of the study was to study effectiveness of minimally invasive endoscopic sinus surgery in alleviating the symptom complex in chronic rhino-sinusitis.Methods: Retrospective review of the chronic rhino-sinusitis data of 164 patients done, who undergone functional endoscopic sinus surgery with or without septoplasty between 2005 and 2013. Any recurrence of symptoms and radiological evidence recorded in the patient notes. The number of patients who undergone revision surgery also recorded. Results: The recurrence rate of symptoms and sinus disease was 20% (33 patients). There was no relation between the severity of the symptoms and the amount of disease seen in the CT scans. The two patients, who had purulent sinusitis, WERE completely relieved of their headaches and resumed their routine work soon after the operation. About 90% patients improved regarding nasal obstruction, 75% patients improved of nasal discharge, 60% patients showed improvement for sneezing. There were adhesions in about 6% patients and polyps recurred in 30% of patients. The recurrence of symptoms improved with medication in majority of patients.Conclusions: The meticulously performed functional endoscopic surgery effectively improved symptom complex. If properly performed it is effective in alleviating all the symptoms and decrease recurrence rate and complications can be kept at negligible levels. Hence it offers a clear advantage in reducing complications and recurrence rates in sinus disease.

Background: There are no published studies that compared amplitude of stacked-Tone ABR and Chirp ABR in hearing impaired individuals with sensorineural hearing loss, which need to be investigated. Objective of the study was to know whether amplitude of standard chirp evoked ABR is same as tone burst evoked stacked ABR in individuals with normal hearing listeners and individuals with sensorineural hearing loss.Methods: Present hospital based cross sectional study was carried out at Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, from January 2016 to December 2016. Two groups of subjects were taken. Group I consisted of 20 ears (14 males and 6 females) with normal hearing. Group II consisted of 20 ears (11 females and 9 males) with cochlear hearing loss. Results: Wave V Amplitude of stacked tone ABR was higher than Chirp stimuli evoked ABR wave V in both the groups. Amplitude of stacked tone ABR and chirp was smaller for individuals with sensorineural hearing loss than normal hearing. Between the 2 chirp stimuli, standard Chirp ABR amplitude was higher than modified Chirp in normal hearing listeners and individual with sensorineural hearing loss. For modified chirp in individuals with normal hearing and cochlear hearing loss. Latency obtained by standard chirp was longer compared to latency obtained by modified chirp, which is seen in both the groups.Conclusions: Chirp ABR may be opted over stacked tone ABR in neurological investigations due to its lesser variability in amplitude and shorter duration of testing.

Background: More and more use of antibiotics and development of new antibiotics have helped in reducing the morbidity associated with “deep neck infections”, but still their incidence is found in the general populations. Prompt diagnosis and early treatment are key. The objective of the study was to study deep neck infections regarding etiological factors, micro-biological features.Methods: A total of 24 patients were identified and diagnosed at S.V.S Medical College and Hospital Mahabubnagar over a period of 3 years, among them 12 patients were picked up at random basis for detailed study. Results: It has been observed that the incidence of deep neck space infection was 3% till June 2010 and then it reduced to 1.76% by June 2011 and remained constant till October 2011. Sub-mandibular abscess was the most common in 58.3% of the cases. The most common source of infection of deep neck space infections was odontogenic in 45.8% of the cases. Airway obstruction was seen in 29% of the cases and mediastinitis was seen in only two patients. The most commonly observed organism involved in the deep neck space infections was streptococcus pyogenes in 75% of the cases. Conclusions: Deep neck space infections though rare, are associated with complications and most importantly antimicrobial resistance. Hence it is very important that these must not be neglected.

The vulnerability of seismic forces onto a high rise structure leads to a sudden collapse which is unpredictable. It can also be understood from the provisions of Indian Standards that, it is desired to allow the damage of the structure to certain extent for sudden earthquakes by safeguarding the livelihood. In the present study, a five storied RC building has been modeled and then analyzed considering the combination of gravity and seismic forces. The performance of the same structure has been investigated for different types of bracing system such as cross and diagonal bracings using a concrete section and steel sections respectively. The performance of the same building has been evaluated in terms of lateral displacement of members, storey drift, axial force and bending moment in columns at different critical. The effectiveness of various bracing systems on the structure has also been investigated. More importantly, the reduction in lateral displacement has been found out for different types of bracing system in comparison to building with no bracing for zone-3 and zone-4. From the present study, it has been found that the crossed ‘X’ bracing reduces more lateral displacement and thus significantly contributes to greater structural stiffness to the structure.

Mankind is facing major issues, power shortages is one among them. Instead of going for installations of new power houses substantial use of wastage power can reduce the intensity of the issue. Industries contribute major part of the load in any grid. There will be huge power losses in industrial applications. So, efficient installations of power recovery systems as a part of demand side management will reduce these power shortages to some extent. Almost all industries run on three phase Induction motor which is widely used. In Slip ring Induction motor, rotor terminals are available. Many speed control techniques have been developed because of this facility. One among them is Slip power recovery scheme in which the slip power is recovered and given back to supply. However, when the machine ratings are small to permit such an expensive and complex converters, it is more practicable to recover the slip energy and charge a small battery bank and use it for UPS to feed lighting other low power loads. This proposed work presents a model to use this slip power to charge a battery instead of giving it back to the supply. In this model the motor's rotor winding is connected to a rectifier via slip rings. Power from the rotor winding flows through the three phase rectifier to a switch-mode step up DC to DC converter to re-charge a bank of batteries. A dynamic model of the complete system is presented along with simulation results and hardware implementation.

Background: Ipsilateral femoral shaft and hip fractures are commonly encountered following high energy trauma. Despite many treatment methods, controversy exists regarding the optimal management of these fractures. This study was planned to compare reconstruction-type intramedullary nailing and various plate combinations on the fracture healing and functional outcome in patients with these fractures.Methods: 25 patients with ipsilateral femoral shaft and hip fractures were operated by one of the two modalities - cancellous lag screws or dynamic hip screw for fracture hip and compression plate fixation for fracture shaft of the femur (Group I, 13 patients) and Reconstruction-type intramedullary nailing alone (Group II, 12 patients) - depending on surgeon's preference. The functional results of the patients were assessed with the system used by Friedman and Wyman. Radiological and functional assessment was done by an independent evaluator blinded to the surgical procedure.Results: The mean age was 33.6±4.03 in group I and 35.3±4.04 years in group II (p=0.70). The average follow up was 15 months. The average union time for femoral neck fracture was 15.75±0.89 and 16.48±1.40 (p=0.36) weeks and for fracture shaft was 19.27±1.18 and 20.06±1.16 (p=0.15) in group I and group II respectively. 10 patients (76.9%) in group I and 9 (75%) in group II showed good functional results. Two patients needed re-operation in group I and one patient in group II.Conclusions: Ipsilateral femoral shaft and hip fractures can be treated satisfactorily either with nailing alone or various plate combinations with similar outcome.

Understanding of the pharmacology of thrombolytics, anticoagulants, and antiplatelets is critical to performing safe and effective endovascular therapy for acute ischemic therapy. This is a basic review of the clinical pharmacologic data on the anticoagulants, antiplatelets, and fibrinolytic agents most commonly used in the treatment of stroke and in the neurointerventional suite.

Pairwise sequence alignment is a fundamental compute-intensive problem in bioinformatics that has helped researchers analyse biological sequences. The analysis has helped biologists detect pathogens, develop drugs, and identify common genes. The biological sequence database has been growing rapidly due to new sequences being discovered. This has brought many new challenges including sequence database searching and aligning long sequences. To solve these problems, many sequence alignment algorithms have been developed. These algorithms employ various techniques to efficiently find optimal or nearly-optimal alignments. In this paper, we present the popular past and recent work on both local and global pairwise sequence alignment algorithms. In addition to identifying the techniques used, the advantages and limitations of the algorithms are also presented.

DNA pairwise sequence alignment has been a subject of great interest in the past and still evokes large interest. Recent algorithms have either been slow and sensitive or fast and less sensitive. Here, we present a new algorithm which is fast and at the same time relatively sensitive. To increase the speed, we first build a suffix tree for both sequences and the alignment is triggered by the maximum matching substring. The algorithm employs mismatch seeds to increase both sensitivity and speed in the later stages. We tested our algorithm on randomly generated sequences of length up to 500 thousand and used Rosetta dataset to test the sensitivity of the algorithm.

The Construction industry is the one of the vital sectors in the social and economic development of India. Along with progress, this sector also faces a number of problems which tend to hinder its growth. Of all these, project management is the predominant challenge which needs to be overcome. Project Management Efficiency is the basic criteria for evaluating the success of any project in Construction sector. Since construction projects are related and dependent on many innumerable factors, project management efficiency is also affected by various factors ranging from machinery related factors to monetary related factors. This study is aimed at investigating various factors involved with affecting the project management efficiency and also contributes directly or indirectly in the project outcome. The purpose of this project is to identify the specific processes which are instrumental in project management and this paper investigates their effects on management by perceiving the survey results. The investigation was carried out by distributing a questionnaire survey to experts and personnel in construction sector. The targeted respondents included all types of work personnel such as contractors, subcontractors and consultants involved in handling small scale projects to large scale projects. Collected surveys were analyzed and assessed with multivariate statistical approach. This analysis results identify the relationship of many manifest variables to its relevant latent variable and also determines their relative effects. This analysis results has shown the substantial impact of all latent variables and manifest variables on project outcome. The results will be helpful and beneficial for parties in achieving better efficiency in project management.