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O presente artigo descreve o perfil do adolescente em cumprimento de medida socioeducativa de semiliberdade no Distrito Federal (DF). Utilizou-se abordagem de natureza quantitativa, a partir do levantamento de dados secundários coletados nos registros eletrônicos das seis unidades de semiliberdade do DF que são inseridos no SIPIA. As análises referentes às variáveis idade, sexo, etnia, escolaridade, situação profissional, convívio familiar, bairro de residência, renda familiar e uso de drogas são apresentadas relacionando os resultados a outras pesquisas e à literatura atual sobre o assunto. Como resultados, observou-se que a maioria dos adolescentes em semiliberdade no DF é de afrodescendentes, que se encontram matriculados em instituição de ensino, com distorção na relação idade/série escolar, não trabalham, são oriundos de famílias chefiadas por mulheres e possuem residência nas regiões administrativas de Planaltina, Ceilândia e Sobradinho do Distrito Federal. Cenário este coincidente com estudo realizado 10 anos antes, indicando ter havido pouca mudança em termos do perfil desse público analisado.

Diferentes técnicas para hemostasia e secção do pedículo ovariano durante ovariohisterectomia (OH) são relatadas na literatura. O uso da diatermia monopolar é um método de eletrocoagulação que viabiliza a estase vascular do ovário com eficiência. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a funcionalidade hemostática do Complexo Arteriovenoso Ovariano (CAVO) de felinos, com o uso da eletrocirurgia monopolar, sob a influência do peso dos animais em relação à incisão e período cirúrgico, quando comparados ao uso da técnica convencional. Vinte gatas hígidas, com peso entre 2,1 e 3,7 kg, com idades variadas, foram submetidas à OH eletiva, onde, 10 gatas sofreram hemostasia e secção do CAVO sob uso da técnica das três pinças e 10 gatas mediante uso do eletrobisturi monopolar, de modo que o tempo cirúrgico foi quantificado sob uso de cronômetro e paquímetro era empregado na mensuração do tamanho da incisão. Analisando estatisticamente o presente experimento observou-se que o uso do eletrobisturi monopolar confere menor tempo cirúrgico total e tamanho de incisão, juntamente com boa eficácia hemostática do CAVO. No entanto, a variável peso dos animais não influenciou no tamanho da incisão e no tempo cirúrgico total.

Purpose: Chronically ill older patients transitioning from hospital to home are at increased risk of readmission and complications. Numerous transitional care interventions have been proposed to improve communication and continuity of care throughout the transition. Evidence suggests that the risk of readmission and complications is reduced when interventions provide closer follow-up and multidisciplinary care. Informed by this evidence, the family medicine based virtual ward was developed by a Montreal family medicine group (FMG) to provide home-based care for patients with an elevated risk of emergency department (ED) visit or hospital readmission. The virtual ward team provides comprehensive, multidisciplinary post-discharge care at patients’ homes, combining the systems and staffing of the FMG’s home care program with a nurse case manager. Research was conducted to inform the implementation of similar transitional care programs in other Quebec health care settings. Methods: This research consists of a retrospective qualitative descriptive study of the implementation of the family medicine based virtual ward. Data was obtained from a semi-structured group interview with the team and informal interviews with individual members. Inductive thematic content analysis was used. Results: The following were identified as conditions for its successful implementation: 1) funding, 2) home care, 3) communication, 4) protocol standardization, and 5) continuous quality improvement. Conclusions: This intervention addresses the care of frequent health system users and compensates for gaps in communication and coordination. It was well-received by patients, healthcare providers and health system administrators and has the potential to reduce readmissions and reduce health system costs.

Transitional care interventions, often led by hospital specialists, have mixed impact on reducing readmissions. Interventions led by family physicians may be more promising. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of a family-medicine-based intervention in reducing the incidence of emergency department (ED) visits, hospital readmissions and the length of stay (LOS) of older patients. A quasi-experimental pilot-study was conducted at a Family Medicine Group (FMG) in Montreal. Thirty-five patients discharged from the FMG-affiliated hospital between July 2014-2015 were compared to 68 historical controls discharged from the same hospital one year prior. Inclusion criteria were: 65+ years, rostered at FMG, high-risk of readmission; and discharged to home/senior residence. Patients’ charts were reviewed to determine a composite outcome of all-cause rates of acute hospital use (ED visit/hospital readmissions) and LOS at 30, 60, 90 and 180-days post-discharge. We found no statistically significant differences in acute hospital use rates between groups. LOS was statistically significantly shorter at 90- and 180-days for patients compared to controls: Incidence Rate Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) at 90-days: 0.66 (0.64-0.69) and at 180-days: 0.49 (0.43-0.55). Our study provides support to the impact of a family-medicine-based transitional care intervention in reducing the LOS of vulnerable older patients readmitted to hospital.

Um animal bem nutrido é tendenciado a boa qualidade de vida, saúde e alta longevidade. Por outro lado, o animal desnutrido é predisposto a maiores taxas de morbidade e mortalidade, internações recorrentes, maior tempo de hospitalização e elevados gastos com cuidados na saúde. A desnutrição está associada a alterações metabólicas e disfunções sistêmicas, como imunodepressão, comprometimento da cicatrização, perda de peso por redução da massa adiposa e muscular, além de piora no aspecto da pele e pelagem. A avaliação nutricional não só quantifica subnutrição e sobrepeso, como também o quanto esses desvios influenciariam o prognóstico de um paciente. Além disso, a identificação dos animais desnutridos permite a realização de tratamentos nutricionais específicos, com consequente melhoria clínica. Existem várias técnicas para avaliar o estado nutricional (EN) em cães e gatos, porém, por serem limitadas individualmente, é altamente recomendável a associação de diferentes métodos, antes da conclusão para um caso. Essa revisão de literatura reúne informações sobre as técnicas de avaliação do EN por exame clínico, incluindo anamnese e exame físico. A importância do manuscrito se justifica pela carência na literatura sobre semiologia nutricional de pequenos animais. Em síntese, são marcadores úteis do EN em animais de companhia: a variação de peso, o escore de massa muscular (EMM) e o escore de condição corporal (ECC). Auxiliam na determinação do prognóstico: o ECC, o EMM e o índice de massa corporal.

In order to perceive the world, we need more than just raw sensory input: a subliminal paradigm of thought is required to interpret raw sensory data and, thereby, create the objects and events we perceive around ourselves. As such, the world we see reflects our own unexamined, culture-bound assumptions and expectations, which explains why every generation in history has believed that it more or less understood the world. Today, we perceive a world of objects and events outside and independent of mind, which merely reflects our current paradigm of thought. Anomalies that contradict this paradigm have been accumulated by physicists over the past couple of decades, which will eventually force our culture to move to a new paradigm. Under this new paradigm, a form of universal mind will be viewed as nature’s sole fundamental entity. In this paper, I offer a sketch of what the new paradigm may look like.

Argentino. Considerado el padre de la Gerencia Social, y pionero del capital social, la responsabilidad social empresarial, y la ética para el desarrollo. Autor de 50 obras y centenares de trabajos de amplio uso internacional. Designado Doctor Honoris Causa por múltiples Universidades. Asesor de la ONU, OPS, Unesco, y otros organismos internacionales. Gran Maestro de la Universidad de Buenos Aires.

In 2005, an essay was published in Nature asserting that the universe is mental and that we must abandon our tendency to conceptualize observations as things. Since then, experiments have confi rmed that — as predicted by quantum mechanics — reality is contextual, which contradicts at least intuitive formulations of realism and corroborates the hypothesis of a mental universe. Yet, to give this hypothesis a coherent rendering, one must explain how a mental universe can — at least in principle — accommodate (a) our experience of ourselves as distinct individual minds sharing a world beyond the control of our volition; and (b) the empirical fact that this world is contextual despite being seemingly shared. By combining a modern formulation of the ontology of idealism with the relational interpretation of quantum mechanics, the present paper attempts to provide a viable explanatory framework for both points. In the process of doing so, the paper also addresses key philosophical qualms of the relational interpretation

Depth psychology finds empirical validation today in a variety of observations that suggest the presence of causally effective mental processes outside conscious experience. I submit that this is due to misinterpretation of the observations: the subset of consciousness called “meta-consciousness” in the literature is often mistaken for consciousness proper, thereby artificially creating space for an “unconscious.” The implied hypothesis is that all mental processes may in fact be conscious, the appearance of unconsciousness arising from our dependence on self-reflective introspection for gauging awareness. After re-interpreting the empirical data according to a philosophically rigorous definition of consciousness, I show that two well-known phenomena corroborate this hypothesis: (a) experiences that, despite being conscious, aren’t re-represented during introspection; and (b) dissociated experiences inaccessible to the executive ego. If consciousness is inherent to all mentation, it may be fundamental in nature, as opposed to a product of particular types of brain function.

In this report, we discuss a case of a high myopic patient who underwent mechanical LASIK surgery in 2008 that respected the Randleman criteria for ectasia risk but incurred in a percentual thickness alteration (PTA) over 40%. The patient underwent reoperation in 2016 to correct the residual refractive error with wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy. At the time of the first surgery, the concept of PTA did not exist. Currently, a PTA that exceeds 35%–40% correlates with an increased risk of ectasia. We reviewed the literature focusing on the differences between the current rationale for post-LASIK enhancement and the selected strategy at the first reintervention. The purpose of this provocative case report is to emphasize the importance of personalized surgery in reoperations, always aiming for the welfare and best vision for the patient.

Se presenta un caso de ruptura aguda de tendon rotuliano con mala calidad de tejido remanente , en la que se realiza una tecnica de restauración y aumentación con injerto del tendon semitendinoso ipsilateral , preservando su inseríón distal.

Descriptive case series of visual function of high performance judokas.

The two immunosuppressants most used topically in ophthalmology are cyclosporine (CS) and tacrolimus (TL). Their mechanism of action is similar, but the TL is ten to a hundred times more powerful than the CS. We reviewed the studies found in the literature on the use of topical TL and described them, as follows, divided by indication of use. Topical TL is effective and safe against inflammatory and immunological processes of the ocular surface, although it is less powerful than corticosteroids, it has fewer side effects.

Background: Recent advances in ophthalmic evaluation technology allow the measurement and quantification of high-order optical aberrations (HOAs). Several professionals have superior visual function compared to the general population. Objective: This study is to characterize the profile of HOAs in the elite police of the São Paulo military police. Material and Methods: This is an observational clinical study of a case series with 42 eyes of 21 patients. The objective was to compare HOAs between snipers and civilians, through assessments of visual acuity and ocular aberrometry. The patients were divided into two groups: elite and control according to their profession. The elite group had more eyes with visual acuity better than or equal to 20/15. Results: The elite group had slightly lower values of higher order aberrations: 0.26 and 0.29 in the elite group and 0.30 and 0.31 in the control group. It was possible to verify that visual acuity both with and without correction was better in patients in the Elite group, even though high-order aberrations did not present significant differences in the mean. Conclusion: It was possible to verify that visual acuity both with and without correction was better in patients in the Elite group, even though high-order aberrations did not present significant differences in the mean values.

Os Institutos Federais vêm enfrentando um processo conflituoso na construção de suas novas institucionalidades, sendo palco de um tensionamento constante entre a secular identidade de escola técnica, representada pela oferta de formação técnica, e a vontade de universidade, representada pela defesa de um direcionamento da oferta para os cursos superiores e pela tentativa de implantação de um modelo de pesquisa pautado na experiência universitária. Com a finalidade de compreender as raízes deste tensionamento, este artigo traz uma abordagem histórica desse processo.

Instituído no ano 2000, o NEPET teve por finalidade introduzir e desenvolver a temática sobre as relações entre a Educação e o Trabalho, no âmbito da Faculdade de Educação da Universidade de Brasília. Filia-se a uma perspectiva que enfatiza a dialética dessa relação e que parte do entendimento de que o trabalho é o ponto de partida para a compreensão dos processos educacionais.

Este estudo avaliou a dinâmica da população de cães e gatos e o perfil de seus respectivos guardiões na cidade de Jaguapitã, sul do Brasil. A razão homem:cão e homem:gato foi de 4,6 e 21,5, respectivamente. Em comparação, mais cães (n=2,460) do que gatos (n=571) eram domiciliados havendo significativamente mais cães machos (55.8%; 679/1,217) em relação as fêmeas (44.2%; 538/1217). A maioria dos gatos (69.2%; 180/260) não recebeu qualquer medicação antiparasitária, não foi vacinada contra raiva (91.2%; 237/260) ou qualquer doença infecciosa específica (91.5%; 238/260). Menos da metade destes (40.8%; 106/260) tinha idade inferior a um ano e, um número significante de gatos não apresentava definição racial (81.2%; 211/260) e não era castrado (93.5%; 243/260). A maior parte dos cães não apresentava raça definida (69.5%; 846/1217), tinha entre um e quatro anos de idade (42.6%; 519/1217) e não era castrada (96.3%; 1172/1,217). Um grande número de cães recebeu medicação antiparasitária (71%; 865/1,217), mas a maioria desses não foi imunizada contra raiva (63.8% 777/1,217) ou outra doença infecciosa (58.6%; 713/1,217). Cães e/ou gatos estavam presentes na maioria dos domicílios visitados (68.7%; 770/1,120), nos quais 54.4% (610/1,120) possuíam somente cães, 4.9% (55/1,120) possuíam somente gatos, enquanto 9.4% (105/1,120) possuíam cães e gatos. Os resultados obtidos são similares aos descritos em outras cidades do Brasil e outros países. O livre acesso à rua associado ao reduzido nível de imunização contra as doenças infecciosas de cães e gatos e à conduta de posse responsável adotada pelos guardiões torna esses animais altamente susceptíveis às doenças infecciosas e zoonóticas.

Este artigo descreve e analisa uma experiência-piloto, resultado da parceria entre a Secretaria de Educação Profissional e Tecnológica (Setec), do Ministério da Educação, e a Faculdade de Educação, da Universidade de Brasília, tendo como referência o Plano Nacional de Pós-graduação: 2005-2010, aprovado pelo MEC, em janeiro de 2005. Após uma descrição do PNPG, com ênfase na sugestão de adoção de modelos diversificados e mais flexíveis para a pós-graduação brasileira, e da apresentação dos resultados parciais, após um ano de implementação do Projeto Gestor com a utilização das TIC, são sugeridas algumas implicações e indagações sobre a política de pós-graduação no Brasil para a educação profissional e tecnológica.

Studies have shown that bilinguals and multilinguals have superior performance compared to monolinguals in nonlinguistic tasks that tap into executive functioning. However, studies of bilingual and multilingual advantages in linguistic tasks are fewer and the results are less consensual. In Brazil, the positive effects of executive functions in bilingualism have not been consistently identified in the bilingual populations, especially in speakers of the minority language Hunsrückisch (a German dialect). The main goal of this study was to investigate the performance of bilinguals and multilinguals speakers of Hunsrückisch compared to monolinguals in a nonlinguistic task, the Attentional Network Task, and in a linguistic task, the Sentence Comprehension Task. The results show that multilinguals were faster in comparison to monolinguals in the nonlinguistic task. The results for the linguistic task, in turn, show that the monolinguals had more facility to inhibiting the linguistic interference.

O livro Dual language development and disorders: A Handbook on Bilingualism & Second Language Learning discorre sobre questões teóricas e práticas a respeito do ensino e da aprendizagem de uma segunda língua por crianças com ou sem algum transtorno de linguagem. O objetivo central dos autores é apresentar uma visão crítica de pesquisas sobre crianças bilíngues e aprendizes de segunda língua. Os autores contemplam o bilinguismo de crianças pertencentes a grupos minoritários, majoritários e de crianças adotadas internacionalmente. Por meio de um texto claro e objetivo, os autores mostram uma visão favorável ao bilinguismo. A leitura é rica e esclarecedora para pais e para profissionais que atuam diretamente com as crianças bilíngues.

A técnica TightRope, que procura aperfeiçoar a estabilização extra-capsular com sutura lateral, por meio da realização de mínimas incisões e criação de túneis ósseos em pontos isométricos, que permitem a inserção de mecanismo que anula o movimento de gaveta, além de reduzir a ocorrência de complicações graves. Dessa forma, objetivou-se avaliar a modificação da técnica TightRope em joelhos de cadáveres caninos com a finalidade de disponibilizar um procedimento simples e de custo reduzido para tratamento da Ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr). Experimentalmente, foram utilizados 20 membros pélvicos de dez cadáveres caninos, provenientes do setor de patologia da Universidade Norte do Paraná, os quais pesavam entre 6,3 e 24kg. Para estabilização do LCCr, rompido intencionalmente, foi adotada a técnica de TightRope modificada utilizando fio de poliamida, cavilha e emprego de um parafuso ortopédico para proporcionar a fixação óssea. Comparando os valores de deslocamento obtidos durante a realização do movimento de gaveta previamente à ruptura do LCCr e após a realização do procedimento cirúrgico, observou-se que a modificação da técnica TightRope promoveu estabilidade significativa para a maioria (12 de 20) dos joelhos testados (P=0,0033). Contudo, essa estabilidade foi inferior, quando comparada à estabilidade do ligamento intacto.The TightRope technique, that has been developed, aims to improve the extra-capsular stabilization with lateral suture through smaller incisions and creating isometric bone tunnels at points that allow the inclusion of a mechanism that overrides the movement of drawer and reduce the occurrence of serious complications. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the TightRope modified technique in canine cadaver knees in order to provide a simple and cost effective treatment for cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCrLR). Experimentally; we used 20 pelvic limbs of ten canine corpses from the pathology service at the University of Northern Parana, which weighed between 6.3 and 24kg. To stabilize the cranial cruciate ligament (CCrL), which has been broken intentionally, the TightRope modified technique was adopted by using modified polyamide yarn, pin and a grub screw to provide orthopedic bone fixation. Comparing the displacement values obtained during the movement of the drawer before the break of CCrL and after the surgical procedure was observed that the TightRope modified technique provided significant stability for the majority (12 of 20) of the knees tested (P=0.0033). However, the stability of the technique was lower than the stability of the intact ligament.

The hip denervation technique has been performed in dysplasic dogs, demonstrating to be efficient in the relief of pain. The objective of this work was to evaluate pain relief, improvement of joint function, muscular rehabilitation and instability progression in 10 dysplasic dogs submitted to the hip joint denervation technique. The grading of the clinical presentation was performed according to specific evaluation of walking, biped station, rotation with external abduction, subluxation and iliopsoas. The muscular rehabilitation was evaluated through the circumference of the thigh and physical examination. The instability was evaluated through the values of distraction index (DI). In the claudication graduation and the biped station test, we verified that there was a significant reduction after one month post-surgery. In the abduction with external rotation tests, there was a reduction in pain after the seventh day; in the iliopsoas test there was a significant reduction in pain in all the post-surgery times. There was a significant increase in thigh circumference after the seventh day. We observed that 90% of the articulations had a reduction in their DI, reflecting an improvement of their instability. The technique is efficient in the relief of pain, muscular rehabilitation after the improvement of the ability to exercise, and in reduction of instability, being the cause of owner satisfaction.

The physicalist worldview is often portrayed as a dispassionate interpretation of reality motivated purely by observable facts. In this article, ideas of both depth and social psychology are used to show that this portrayal may not be accurate. Physicalism—whether it ultimately turns out to be philosophically correct or not—is hypothesized to be partly motivated by the neurotic endeavor to project onto the world attributes that help one avoid confronting unacknowledged aspects of one’s own inner life. Moreover, contrary to what most people assume, physicalism creates an opportunity for the intellectual elites who develop and promote it to maintain a sense of meaning in their own lives through fluid compensation. However, because this compensatory strategy does not apply to a large segment of society, it creates a schism—with corresponding tensions—that may help explain the contemporary conflict between neo-atheism and religious belief.

Fractures of the pelvis are common and may be accompanied by injuries to vital structures. Conservative treatment or surgery is usually recommended. The aim of this study was to evaluate the consequences of pelvic trauma in dogs and the results of clinical and surgical treatment. Twenty animals with fracture of the pelvis were used. The treatment, surgical or conservative, was primarily based on the type of fracture, extent of injuries and resources availability. 85% of the animals showed iliac fracture; 80% of the cases were bilateral pelvicfracture, and concurrent disorders, such as skin lesions, dyschesia, limb and column fracture, colon, urinary tract or diaphragm rupture, head trauma and death, were observed. In patients who underwent surgery there was recovery of ambulation, with full recovery after 90 days. This result was not repeated in patients which underwent conservative treatment. The surgical stabilization of bone segments provided clear pain reduction after seven days, increasing life quality and reducing the need for nursing, while 55% of the animals that were not operated died and other two had to be operated to correct complications as a result of the lack of previous surgical correction. The results indicate that, in dogs with pelvic trauma, surgical resolution should be primarily sought, and the presence ofother concomitant organic disabling injuries or with the potential to lead to death should be verified.

Fractures are very frequent affections in clinical routine of dogs and cats, and several methods of stabilizing them are proposed in the literature. In this work, a new technique for stabilization of femoral and humeral fractures constituted by the use of intramedullary pin and paracortical pins fixed with polymethylmethacrylate was evaluated. Twelve animals (six cats and six dogs) were used. Three of them had humeral fracture and the others had femoral fractures. The bone healing was evaluated by radiographic monitoring 30, 60 and 90 days after the surgery. It was observed, immediately after the deployment of the technology (trans-operative period), that the method effectively neutralized the forces of rotation, bending, shear and axial displacement, providing degrees of alignment and adequate affixing; however, over time, the required stability did not remain, causing delay in bone union of some animals. Moreover, wound dehiscence, integrity loss of the implants and osteomyelitis were observed. This approach to fractures stabilization is applicable only to transverse fractures or slightly oblique ones, and can be considered inefficient, facing the number of imperfections observed during the research.

A ruptura do ligamento cruzado cranial (RLCCr) é uma desordem ortopédica comum em cães que promove a instabilidade da articulação do joelho, resultando em claudicação e alterações degenerativas progressivas desta. A melhor técnica para reparação da RLCCr ainda não está bem elucidada. A maioria das técnicas alcança uma taxa de sucesso entre 80 a 90% e todas apresentam vantagens e desvantagens. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os resultados da estabilização extracapsular utilizando dois pontos distintos de ancoragem na articulação femoro-tibio-patelar como forma de tratamento da RLCCr em cães. Para tanto, foram utilizados 20 membros pélvicos de caninos. Após a RLCCr, todos os membros receberam avaliação da eficiência da técnica por meio do estudo da estabilidade crânio-caudal do joelho em flexão de 90° e extensão de 135°. As estabilizações extracapsulares realizadas nos cadáveres conferiram estabilidade crânio-caudal sem demonstrar superioridade de uma ou outra técnica, e nenhuma delas pode atribuir estabilidade isométrica quando testadas com os membros em 90° e 130°.The rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament (RLCCr) is a common orthopedic disorder in dogs resulting in instability of the knee that promotes: lameness and progressive degenerative changes. The best technique to repair RLCCr, is not well elucidated. Most techniques achieve a success rate between 80 to 90% and all have advantages and disadvantages. The objective of this study was to evaluate the results of extra-capsular stabilization using two different points of anchorage in the femora tibio-patellar joint, as a way of repairing of RCCrL in dogs, which were used for 20 members of pelvic canines. After RCCrL all members were assessed to verify the efficiency of the technique through the study of cranial caudal stability of the knee in 90° of flexion and extension of 130°. The extra-capsular stabilization performed in cadavers brought stability without demonstrating superiority of either technique, and both could not give isometric stability when tested with the members positioning in the angle of 90° and 130°.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo descrever o caso de um felino, que desde o nascimento apresentou atresia anal, ausência de cauda e malformação dos membros pélvicos. Ao exame radiográfico, pôde-se observar presença de agenesia da sétima vértebra lombar, sacro e vértebras coccígeas, espinha bífida, meningocele, hiperflexão dos joelhos e desvio valgo dos tarsos, diagnosticando-se agenesia sacrococcígea associada à atresia anal.This paper has the objective to report a case of a cat that since birth had anal atresia, absence of tail and malformation of the pelvic member. The radiographic examination revealed agenesis of the seventh lumbar vertebra, sacral and coccygeal vertebrae, spina bifida, meningocele, hyperflexion of the knees and tarsal valgus deviation, diagnosing sacrococcygeal agenesis associated with anal atresia.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo verificar a recuperação da locomoção e o tempo para cicatrização óssea de fraturas ilíacas fixadas com parafusos, fios de aço e cimento ósseo de polimetilmetacrilato. Dezesseis cães de ambos os sexos, com peso de 1,8 a 16kg e idade entre sete meses e 11 anos, foram submetidos à osteossíntese da fratura de ílio, provocadas por acidente automobilístico. Em dois animais, realizou-se osteossíntese bilateral, totalizando 18 ossos ilíacos operados. A abordagem ao ílio foi lateral e quando necessária estendida caudalmente através da osteotomia do trocanter maior. As fraturas foram reduzidas e, em cada segmento ósseo, foram implantados dois a três parafusos e banda de tensão com fio de aço entre os parafusos adjacentes à linha de fratura. Sobre esses implantes aplicou-se cimento ósseo misturado com cefazolina sódica e após o endurecimento prosseguiu-se com a síntese dos tecidos moles com suturas rotineiramente utilizadas na clinica cirúrgica. No período pós-operatório, foram realizadas avaliações até 90 dias após a osteossíntese e observou-se locomoção apropriada em 15 animais. Avaliações radiográficas demonstraram sinais de completa consolidação óssea entre 60 e 90 dias. Falha da estabilização ocorreu em dois casos, obrigando a reintervenção cirúrgica em um deles. A partir dos resultados obtidos, é possível concluir que, em cães com até 16kg de peso, a fixação de fraturas ilíacas utilizando parafusos cimentados com PMMA constitui uma eficiente técnica, que proporciona adequada estabilidade, precoce recuperação funcional e cicatrização óssea.The present study aimed to verify the time for locomotion recovery and bone healing in canine iliac fractures fixated with screws, orthopedic wires and methylmetacrylate bone cement. Sixteen dogs from both genders accidentally hit by a car and showing iliac fractures were included. Dogs aged from 7 months to 11 years and weighted between 1.8 and 16.0kg. Two dogs had bilaterally fractures stabilized, totalizing 18 ilium osteosynthesis performed. The ilium was achieved via lateral approach. The fractures were reduced and on each bone segment was inserted two to three screws connected by a band tension. Over them a mixture of bone cement added with cefalozin was applied as a definitive fixation device. Suture of soft tissues was made as usual. Postoperative evaluations were periodically performed. After 3 months, 15 dogs showed proper use of the operated limb. Radiographic signs of complete bone healing were observed between 60 and 90 days. Stabilization failure occurred in two cases and one of them required another surgery. Both cases showed a good outcome. Based on these results it was possible to conclude that in dogs weighting up to 16.0kg, iliac fracture fixation with screws, orthopedic wires and bone cement is an efficient technique promoting early limb use and complete bone healing as a result of adequate bone stabilization.

HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is characterized by axonal degeneration of the corticospinal tracts. The specific requirements for transport of proteins and organelles to the distal part of the long axon are crucial in the corticospinal tracts. Microtubule dysfunction could be involved in this disease, configuring an axonal transport disease. We measured tubulin and its post-translational modified forms (acetylated and tyrosinated) in CSF of patients and controls, as well as tau and its phosphorylated forms. There were no significant differences in the contents of tubulin and acetyl-tubulin between patients and controls; tyrosyl-tubulin was not detected. In HAM/TSP, tau levéis were significantly reduced, while the ratio of pT181/total tau was higher in patients than in controls, this being completely different from what is reported in other neurodegenerative diseases. Phosphorylation at T181 was also confirmed by Mass Spectrometry analysis. Western Blotting with monospecific polyclonal antibodies against pS199, pT205, pT231, pS262, pS356, pS396, pS404 and pS422 did not show differences in phosphorylation in these residues between patients and controls. Treating human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, a well-known in vitro neurite retraction model, with culture supernatant of MT-2 cells (HTLV-I infected cell line that secretes the viral Tax protein) we observed neurite retraction and an increase in tau phosphorylation at T181. A disruption of normal phosphorylation of tau protein in T181 could result in its dysfunction, contributing to axonal damage.

Cada vez mais, o ensino baseado em textos ganha espaço nas salas de aula de línguas e nos livros didáticos. A teoria dos gêneros do discurso, advinda do Círculo de Bakhtin, tem fundamentado diversas análises e é o ponto de partida das teorias de gêneros discursivos e/ou textuais. Essa teoria é centrada no estudo das materialidades discursivas em seus aspectos sócio-históricos e ideológicos, considerando também as condições de produção e as situações de comunicação dos discursos. Diante de tais considerações, os objetivos deste trabalho são: verificar a concepção de gêneros em um livro didático de alemão como língua estrangeira para iniciantes Planet A1 e investigar o modo como as atividades com os gêneros são abordadas nesse material. A análise apresentada neste artigo é qualitativa e não há qualquer quantificação dos gêneros abordados no livro didático. Para tanto, foram escolhidas três propostas de atividades baseadas em três gêneros, entre os mais recorrentes do livro didático: uma conversa telefônica, e-mails e um gráfico. Os resultados das análises demonstram que o livro didático visa abordar a heterogeneidade textual, mas raramente apresenta características relacionadas às condições de produção e à situação de comunicação em que os discursos se instauram.

Este artículo delinea algunos de los nuevos problemas éticos y nexos entre la información para la salud y los derechos de ciudadanía. En América Latina la demanda por información sobre salud ha aumentado, por lo que los medios han tenido que ampliar el espacio para este tema. Lamentablemente la mayoría de los periodistas no tienen conciencia clara acerca del nuevo estatuto de la información para la salud debido a la falta de valoración del tema en las Escuelas de Periodismo.

América Latina aparece como un ejemplo nítido de una región donde los enfoques convencionales utilizados para explicar el desarrollo y los medios empleados para medirlo han sido refutados por la realidad. Esta reflexión se centra en identificar algunas dimensiones que dan cuenta de uno de los problemas más graves vividos en los países que integran esta región: la desigualdad. Ella se encuentra presente en todas las facetas de la vida cotidiana de sus habitantes. Se requiere con urgencia que los problemas relacionados con la desigualdad sean colocados en el centro de la discusión de la agenda pública, porque mientras ello no ocurra la desigualdad se constituirá en un obstáculo para lograr un crecimiento sostenido y parámetros adecuados de gobernabilidad democrática.

In this article, Bernardo Kliksberg describes the fundamental role of families in society and in the development of Latin America. For this purpose here views current studies that demonstrate a strong positive correlation between the family, violence, education, and health. In the second part of this article, he examines some of the social problems faced by the region and takes a looks at how this affects the family.