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Aim: The present study aims to determine whether various hematological parameters and ratios of patients could be used to diagnose AMI. Materials and Methods: The subjects of the study are the patients who were hospitalized with an acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) pre-diagnosis and underwent surgery as a consequence. The patients who were determined to have the diagnosis of AMI intraoperatively are categorized in the AMI Group. The patients whose operations do not reveal AMI (negative exploration) are categorized in the Control Group. These two groups are compared in terms of hematological parameters and rates. Results: In the study, the PLR (p = 0.017), NLR (p = 0.33), PDW (0.023), RDW (p = 0.025) values are significantly higher in the AMI group compared to the control group while the LYMP (p = 0.023) count is significantly lower. Conclusions: For the patients admitted to the emergency clinics with suspected AMI, the increased PLR, NLR, PDW, and RDW values together with the reduced lymphocyte count can be used to support the diagnosis.

Objective:Hypophosphatemic rickets (HR) is a rare renal phosphate-wasting disorder, which is usually X-linked and is commonly caused by PHEX mutations. The treatment and follow-up of HR is challenging due to imperfect treatment options.Methods:Here we present nationwide initial and follow-up data on HR.Results:From 24 centers, 166 patients were included in the study. Genetic analysis (n=75) showed PHEX mutation in 80% of patients. The mean follow-up period was 6.7±2.4 years. During the first 3-years of treatment (n=91), mild increase in phosphate, decrease in alkaline phosphatase and elevation in parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels were detected. The height standard deviation scores were -2.38, -2.77, -2.72, -2.47 at initial, 1st, 2nd and 3rd year of treatment, respectively (p>0.05). On follow-up 36% of the patients showed complete or significant improvement in leg deformities and these patients had similar phosphate levels at presentation with better levels in 1st and 2nd years of treatment; even the treatment doses of phosphate were similar. Furthermore, 27 patients developed nephrocalcinosis (NC), the patients showed no difference in biochemical differences at presentation and follow-up, but 3rd year PTH was higher. However, higher treatment doses of phosphate and calcitriol were found in the NC group.Conclusion:HR treatment and follow-up is challenging and our results showed higher treatment doses were associated with NC without any change in serum phosphate levels, suggesting that giving higher doses led to increased phosphaturia, probably through stimulation of fibroblast growth factor 23. However, higher calcitriol doses could improve bone deformities. Safer and more efficacious therapies are needed.

Objectives:To compare anterior segment parameters and biomechanical analysis of the cornea in children with joint hypermobility (JH) and healthy children.Materials and Methods:Cross-sectional case-control study. Fifty eyes of 25 children with JH were compared with 74 eyes of 37 healthy age- and sex-matched controls in terms of refractive, anterior segment topographic, and corneal biomechanical measurements. Axial length (AL) was measured with a Nidek AL-Scan biometry device; corneal-compensated intraocular pressure (IOPcc), Goldmann-correlated IOP (IOPg), corneal hysteresis (CH), and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were measured with a Reichert ocular response analyzer (ORA). Central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), K1/K2 values, iris diameter, and anterior chamber volume (ACV) were measured with a Sirius topography device.Results:Mean age in the JH group was 10.56±4.03 years, while that of the control group was 11.27±2.59 years (p=0.23). Spherical equivalent was -0.22±1.02 diopter (D) in the JH group and -0.12±1.12 D in the control group (p=0.60); CCT was 23.01±0.82 µm in the JH group and 23.17±0.82 µm in the control group (p=0.33). There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of age, sex, IOP, IOPcc, IOPg, CH, CRF, AL, K1, K2, iris diameter, ACD, and ACV.Conclusion:JH, which causes increased flexibility of the joints, was concluded not to cause a significant change in the corneal biomechanical markers of CRF and CH or in anterior segment topographic parameters.

PURPOSEThymus grows after birth, reaches maximal size after the first few years and involutes by puberty. Because of the postnatal developmental and involutional duration, we aimed to investigate normal stiffness values of mediastinal thymus by shear wave elastography (SWE) in different age groups of children and discuss imaging findings of thymus.METHODSWe prospectively examined 146 children (90 girls, 56 boys) who underwent a thyroid or neck ultrasound examination. All subjects underwent ultrasound and SWE evaluation of mediastinal thymus by parasternal and suprasternal approach. We grouped the subjects based on age as 0 to 2 months, >2 to 6 months, >6 months to 2 years, >2 to 5 years, >5 to 8 years, and greater than 8 years old. We investigated differences of mean shear wave elasticity (kPa) and shear wave velocity (m/s) values among age groups and the association of SWE values with age, body mass index (BMI), height, and weight of the patients.RESULTSMedian and range of age, height, weight, and BMI were 24 months (2–84 months), 85 cm (55–120 cm), 12 kg (4.55–22 kg), 15.37 kg/m2 (13.92–17.51 kg/m2), 11 cc (2.64–23.15 cc), respectively. Mean shear wave elasticity of thymus of all participants was 6.76±1.04 kPa. Differences of mean elasticity values among gender and consecutive age groups were not statistically significant. There were significant decreases of mean elasticity values after 2 years and 6 years in several age group classifications. Differences of mean elasticity values among gender and consecutive age groups were not statistically significant, except 0-6 and 6-18 years. Thymus elasticity and velocity values showed highly significant negative correlations with age (r= –0.3), height (r= –0.26), weight (r=–0.3) (P < 0.001).CONCLUSIONQuantitative evaluation of the thymus by SWE provides normative stiffness values based on age and gender groups. The thymus elasticity decreases with increased age, height, and weight.

Fossil-based fuels have been decreasing all over the world and the energy requirements of power generation systems are increasing. Diesel engines are one of the most common and efficient power generation systems. However, national and international organizations impose various restrictions to reduce emissions from diesel engines. Reducing emissions and improving performance in diesel engines are one of the most common areas of work. Improvement of performance and emission parameters is possible with changes in alternative fuels, engine geometry and fuel injection systems. In this study, the effects of different injection timing and injection duration on diesel engine performance and exhaust gas emissions have been investigated with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The numerical study has been carried out on a 4-stroke, single cylinder test engine and the results have been compared with the experimental results obtained from the literature. As a result of the study, combustion chamber speed profiles, fuel mass change, temperature, pressure, chemical heat release rate has been determined for the standard operating conditions. Parametric study has been performed for different injection timing and injection duration of engine. For each case, performance and emissions parameters have been determined. Analysis results has compared, and the most suitable injection parameters has been introduced.

İşgücü, nüfusun üretimde etkin olan bölümüdür. Nüfustaki gelişmelere bağlı olarak oluşan toplam işgücü arzı ve ekonomik koşullara göre şekillenen işgücü talebi; piyasa oluşumunun iki temel unsurudur. İşgücü piyasaları; arz ve talebinin karşılaştığı, ücretin oluştuğu sosyal bir organizasyon olarak tanımlanabilir. Tüm piyasa yapıları içerisinde işgücü piyasası; işleyişi ve özellikleri nedeniyle ekonominin diğer birimlerinden önemli ölçüde etkilenen ve bunları yüksek oranda etkileyen konumdadır. Bu nedenle üretim sürecinde ve planlamasında işgücü piyasalarının detaylı analiz edilmesi gerekmektedir. İşgücü piyasaları içerisinde; ekonominin temelini oluşturan ve diğer piyasalara çeşitli kaynaklardan katkı sağlayan tarımsal işgücü piyasasının analiz edilmesine ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Çünkü tarım sektöründeki doğal kaynakların ve sermaye unsurlarının kullanımında doğrudan işgücünün katkısının olması, diğer sektörlere kıyasla tarımsal faaliyetlerde işgücünün birim alanda daha yoğun kullanılması, tarım sektöründen diğer sektörlere işgücü transferlerinin gerçekleştirilmesi, tarımsal işgücünün gizli işsizlik ve yapısal işsizliğin kaynağını oluşturması gibi nedenlerle tarımsal işgücünün incelenmesi ve sınıflandırılması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca kamu kurum/kuruluşları için veri oluşumunda kullanılacak işgücü çeşitlerini belirlemek, güvenilir istatistiki verilerin elde edilmesine katkıda bulunarak planlanan projelerde ve oluşturulacak politikalarda doğru karar süreçlerine erişimi kolaylaştırmak amacıyla tarım sektöründe işgücünün sınıflandırılması gerekmektedir. Belirlenen amaçlar doğrultusunda tarım sektöründeki işgücü çeşitlerinin belirlenmesi, yapılan kavramsal tanımlamaların bir araya getirilmesi ve literatürde anlamsal bütünlüğün sağlanmasına yönelik olarak bu çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir.

AIM: To compare two different anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment regimens’-a priori pro re nata (PRN) and PRN regimen following the loading phase-anatomical and functional results in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) patients. METHODS: Totally 544 nAMD patients followed and treated with aflibercept (n=135) and ranibizumab (n=409) at 9 different centers between 2013 and 2015 were enrolled into this retrospective multicenter study. Patients with initial best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) interval of 1.3-0.3 (logMAR) and a minimum follow-up of 12mo were included. Patients under two different regimens-a priori pro re nata (1+PRN) or 3 consecutive intravitreal injections followed by a PRN regimen (3+PRN)-were compared in BCVA at 3th, 6th and 12th months, and in central macular thickness (CMT) at 6th and 12th months. The total study group, intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) and intravitreal aflibercept (IVA) groups were evaluated separately. RESULTS: The mean CMT decreased in the 1+PRN (n=101) regimen from 407 to 358 and 340 µm and in the 3+PRN (n=443) group from 398 to 318 and finally to 310 µm at months 6 and 12, respectively. Anatomically, the CMT reduction at 6th month (48.5 vs 76.4; P

Aim: An increased burden of cardiovascular disease is observed in prediabetes compared to normoglycemic. In this study, we aimed to evaluate left atrium (LA) volume indices and mechanical functions in prediabetes patients by real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) and examine the relationship of these parameters with N-terminal pro-atrial natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-ANP) levels. Methods: 41 patients diagnosed with prediabetes by the oral glucose tolerance test in the endocrinology outpatient clinic and 43 healthy controls were included in this study. We evaluated the volume indices and mechanical functions of the LA using 3DE. Plasma NT-proANP was evaluated by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results: Median NT-pro-ANP level was higher in the prediabetes group than the control group (1.5 vs 0.7 nmol/L, p

Emission control regulations have been essential in reducing vehicular exhaust emissions. However, the contribution of exhaust and non-exhaust emissions to ambient particulate matter (PM) has not yet been accurately quantified due to the lack of standardized sampling and measurement methods to set regulations. The identified sources and the source profiles generated have not been comparable as none of the emission data collection techniques and the receptor models applied in the literature have produced a standard or reference method to simultaneously identify and quantify the non-exhaust emission sources. This study utilized and thoroughly characterized PM samples including 32 major and trace elements from a mixed fleet in a mountain highway tunnel atmosphere in Bolu, Türkiye. This work proposed a two-stage, simple, and robust method based on road dust enrichment factor (EF) and elemental carbon (EC) tracer methods (EFECT) for the identification and prediction of the exhaust (exh), and non-exhaust (n-exh) emissions in PM. The indicated method revealed that road dust resuspension emissions are the most significant contributor to the concentrations of crustal elements. This method was used successfully to determine the real-world elemental contributions of road dust resuspension (rdrs), emissions (em), exhaust (exh), and non-exhaust (n-exh) emission sources to the elemental concentrations in PM samples. This study provided significant insights into generating actual source profiles, source-specific emission factors, and the source apportionment results for vehicular emission sources worldwide. Considering this, PM data of any particle size fraction (PM10, PM10-2.5, and PM2.5, for example) can be used as input for the EFECT, provided that the data include the analytical results of elemental carbon in both the atmospheric PM and road dust samples having similar PM sizes.

The difficulties in establishing an analytical model for plain woven fabric composites (PWFC) and its implementation are well-accepted due to the complexity of yarn architecture, approximations assumed, and lack of experimental validations. In this paper, a practical engineering approach is proposed to predict the tensile properties of PWFC. The approach assumes PWFC as cross-ply, the undulation angle an elliptical shape. The approach tremendously simplifies the calculation keeping a close agreement with the tensile experimental results of PWFC. The approach is remarkably compatible with other theoretical models and experiments that existed in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Management & Labor / Yönetim ve Çalışma Dergisi is the property of Yonetim ve Calisma and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Renewable energy sources have emerged as favorable alternatives for meeting ever-increasing global energy demand. To harness the maximum efficiency from renewable sources, dc-dc converters play a crucial role. While the design of dc-dc converters varies depending on specific application, certain features such as multiport capability and high gain are generally desirable. Multiport structures offer advantages such as compactness and cost reduction, allowing for the efficient integration of various energy sources, storage units, and loads. On the other hand, high gain characteristics enable the step-up of output voltages from renewable energy sources to usable levels. In recent years, numerous converter topologies proposed to address these requirements and enhance overall system performance. This study aims to assist and provide guidance to researchers in the field by reviewing and comparing the most recent advancements in the design and implementation of multiport high-gain dc-dc converters for renewable energy applications. Through a comprehensive analysis of the existing literature, the primary objective of this study is to facilitate knowledge transfer, identify research gaps, and inspire future research endeavors in this domain. By synthesizing the knowledge gained from these studies, researchers can contribute to ongoing advancement of multiport converter technology in the context of renewable energy applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Determination of the geometrical parameters of the heat exchanger has important effects on the thermohydraulic performance of the heat exchanger. In this study, the effects of geometric parameters of a plate heat exchanger on thermohydraulic performance have been extensively investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Parametric studies were performed on 8 different corrugated channel geometries with various chevron angles (β) and aspect ratios (2b/λ) for Reynolds numbers ranging from 500 to 3000. An entire fluid channel was numerically studied using the same mass flow rate and the Reynolds number. As results of the study, temperature distribution, pressure gradient, velocity, turbulent kinetic energy distribution, Nusselt number, friction factor, and flow properties were evaluated comparatively for each case. It was determined that the sinusoidal corrugations promote the turbulence intensity and the swirling flow which leads to thermal boundary layer mitigation and enhanced convection heat transfer in response to the increasing of aspect ratio. The results of the study show that the (CFD) model is a reasonable and effective technique for displaying 3D contour plots, streamlines, and determining performance parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various techniques are used to reduce harmful pollutants such as NOX emissions from ships. Selective catalyst reduction (SCR) systems are the most effective technique used to reduce NOX emissions. In this study, the effects of an SCR reactor on NOX emissions and performance in high-pressure selective catalytic reduction (HP-SCR) systems were investigated numerically. In numerical studies, the effects of SCR system diameter, output form, catalyst activation energy, mixing zone length, and location were investigated as parametric, and the most suitable system geometry was determined. The effects of geometric parameters and catalyst type on emission and performance such as NOX reduction, NH3 slip, velocity, and pressure loss were investigated. It was determined that with increasing system diameter, whereas the NOX reduction performance increased depending on exhaust velocity, the pressure drop decreased, and the most suitable system diameter was determined as 780 mm. Furthermore, the obtained results showed that the performance of NOX reduction decreased after 2 × 106 kJ/kmol activation energy, and the most suitable SCR output form was conical geometry. In terms of the environment, this study will contribute to achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals such as climate action (SDG 13). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Mydriatic eye drops used for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) examination can cause systemic effects, and there are case reports of serious adverse effects in the literature. In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate the early hemodynamic effects of mydriatic eye drops to understand the possible mechanisms of adverse effects. Study Design Between December 2018 and March 2019, preterm babies less than 32 gestational weeks and who underwent ophthalmologic examination in our unit were included. The vital signs (heart rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation [SpO 2 ], and blood pressure values), cerebral and mesenteric tissue saturation by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), and left ventricular functions of infants were recorded before and after applying mydriatic eye drops (2.5% phenylephrine and 0.5% tropicamide). The data were compared statistically. Strict adherence to prevent systemic absorption of the eye drops was applied. Results Thirty-two mydriasis procedures were evaluated in 26 patients. The mean gestational age was 28.5 ± 1.7 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 943 ± 233 g. There were no significant differences in terms of vital signs of infants including heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen saturation [SpO 2 ] levels before and after eye-drop application. In addition, NIRS values showed no significant differences between before and after measurements. No significant differences were detected at echocardiographic evaluation performed before and after mydriatic administration. No adverse reaction was observed in the study population during the study. Conclusion This is the first study that evaluated the early hemodynamic effects of mydriatic eye drops used for ROP screening by vital signs, NIRS, and echocardiographic evaluation. Mydriatic eye drops have no significant effect on early hemodynamic parameters including vital signs, NIRS, and echocardiographic findings in preterm infants. We suggest that a cautious approach for avoiding the systemic absorption of these agents may prevent the possible early systemic effects in this high-risk population. Key Points Mydriatic eye drops are commonly used for pupil dilatation before retinopathy of prematurity examination, and there are reports of serious adverse events caused by these drops. Due to the adverse events of eye drops, hemodynamic effects of these agents were investigated by clinical findings, near-infrared spectroscopy, and echocardiography. No significant early hemodynamic effect was observed so avoiding systemic effects may be prevented with precautions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pamukkale Medical Journal is the property of Pamukkale Journal of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

All feeds used in animal nutrition are classified in various ways, including raw, semi-processed and processed, depending on the additives they contain. Animal feed input, which is generally classified as coarse and mixed feed, constitutes about 30-40% of the total production costs in cattle farms. Therefore, supply-demand elasticity of feed input, input-product price relations and exchange rate changes directly affect the costs, profits and thus sustainability of farms. Additionally, it is necessary to know how the two important activities of the agricultural sector, forage crops production and animal husbandry, affect each other and, if necessary, regulatory measures should be taken. The aim of this study is to determine the effects of cost changes in forage crops production on animal product market. The main data of the study consisted of the time series data of the period 1995-2017 and cross-sectional data obtained from the 107 agricultural farms determined by random sampling method in face-to-face survey method in 2017-2018 production period. Partial equilibrium model used in the study. In the model, diesel and fertilizer prices, which are the most important cost elements in forage crops production; barley, maize and sunflower prices have a statistically significant and positive effect. Partial equilibrium model was used to reveal the effect of cost change in forage crops production on animal product market. Partial balance model results, increasing barley, maize and sunflower prices increase feed prices. Forage crops costs are the highest cost item after purchase of live animal material.

Objective:Antimüllerian hormone (AMH) concentrations in mini puberty are higher than those reported for the prepubertal period. In this study we investigated AMH concentrations in infants with premature thelarche (PT). A healthy control group was used for comparison.Methods:Forty five female infants with PT, aged between one and three years and a control group consisting of 37 healthy girls in the same age range were included in the study. Bone age, pelvic ultrasonography, and concentrations of luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol and AMH of the patient group were evaluated. Only serum AMH concentration of the control group was evaluated.Results:Median (range) serum AMH concentrations in the subjects were 1.66 ng/mL (11.85 pmol/L) [0.15-6.32 ng/mL (1.07-45.12 pmol/L)] and were significantly lower (p=0.025) than for the control group; 1.96 ng/mL (13.99 pmol/L) [0.60-8.49 ng/mL (4.28-60.64 pmol/L)]. AMH and FSH were negatively correlated (r=-0.360, p=0.015) in infants with PT. There was no correlation between AMH and uterine size, uterine volume, endometrial thickness, fundocervical ratio, ovarian size or volume, follicle size and follicle number.Conclusion:This is the first study that investigates AMH concentrations in infants with PT. The low AMH levels in these infants and the negative correlation between AMH and FSH suggests that AMH may play a role in suppressing pubertal findings during infancy and that decreased AMH may cause PT in infancy.