501 results on '"Astolfi L"'
Search Results
152. Simultaneous estimation of cortical activity during social interactions by using EEG hyperscannings.
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Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., De Vico Fallani, F., Salinari, S., Vecchiato, G., Toppi, J., Wilke, C., Doud, A., Yuan, H., He, B., and Babiloni, F.
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- 2010
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153. Neural Basis For The Brain Responses To The Marketing Messages: an High Resolution EEG study.
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Babiloni, F., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Mattiocco, M., Bufalari, S., De Vico Fallanid, F., Tocci, A., Bianchi, L., Marciani, M.G., Meroni, V., and Astolfi, L.
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- 2006
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154. Brain Connectivity Structure in Spinal Cord Injured: Evaluation by Graph Analysis.
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De Vico Fallani, F., Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Marcian, M.G., Salinari, S., Lopez, G.Z., Kurths, J., Zhou, C., Gao, S., Colosimo, A., and Babiloni, F.
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- 2006
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155. Removal of ocular artifacts for high resolution EEG studies: a simulation study.
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Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Babiloni, F., Marciani, M.G., De Vico Fallani, F., Mattiocco, M., Miwakeichi, F., Yamaguchi, Y., Martinez, P., Salinari, S., Tocci, A., Bakardjian, H., Vialatte, F.B., and Cichocki, A.
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- 2006
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156. Time-varying cortical connectivity by high resolution EEG and directed transfer function: simulations and application to finger tapping data.
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Astolfi, L., Babiloni, F., Babiloni, C., Carducci, F., Cincotti, F., Basilisco, A., Rossini, P.M., Salinari, S., Ding, L., Ni, Y., and He, B.
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- 2004
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157. The Multimod Application Framework.
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Viceconti, M., Astolfi, L., Leardini, A., Imboden, S., Petrone, M., Quadrani, P., Taddei, F., Testi, D., and Zannoni, C.
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- 2004
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158. Brain Network Analysis From High-Resolution EEG Recordings by the Application of Theoretical Graph Indexes.
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Fallani, F. De Vico, Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Tocci, A., Salinari, S., Marciani, M. G., Witte, H., Colosimo, A., and Babiloni, F.
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BRAIN imaging ,CEREBRAL cortex ,ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY ,COMPUTERS in graph theory ,DIGITAL diagnostic imaging ,COMBINATORICS ,BRAIN research ,GRAPH connectivity ,HIGHER nervous activity - Abstract
Abstract-The extraction of the salient characteristics from brain connectivity patterns is an open challenging topic since often the estimated cerebral networks have a relative large size and complex structure. Since a graph is a mathematical representation of a network, which is essentially reduced to nodes and connections between them, the use of a theoretical graph approach would extract significant information from the functional brain networks estimated through different neuroimaging techniques. The present work intends to support the development of the "brain network analysis:" a mathematical tool consisting in a body of indexes based on the graph theory able to improve the comprehension of the complex interactions within the brain. In the present work, we applied for demonstrative purpose some graph indexes to the time-varying networks estimated from a set of high-resolution EEG data in a group of healthy subjects during the performance of a motor task. The comparison with a random benchmark allowed extracting the significant properties of the estimated networks in the representative Alpha (7-12 Hz) band. Altogether, our findings aim at proving how the brain network analysis could reveal important information about the time-frequency dynamics of the functional cortical networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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159. FC36.4 Motor actions in tetraplegics: Functional connectivity of intended movements as revealed by high-resolution EEG
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Mattia, D., Mattiocco, M., Cincotti, F., Astolfi, L., De Vico Fallani, F., Scivoletto, G., Marciani, M.G., and Babiloni, F.
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- 2006
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160. Brain connectivity networks at the basis of human attention components: an EEG study
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Anzolin, A., Mattia, D., Toppi, J., Floriana Pichiorri, Riccio, A., Astolfi, L., and IEEE
161. Imaging the social brain: multi-subjects EEG recordings during the 'Chicken's game'
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Astolfi, L.
162. A methodological approach for determination of maximal inspiratory pressure in patients undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation
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Spadaro, S., Marangoni, E., Ragazzi, R., Mojoli, F., Verri, M., Longo, L., Astolfi, L., and Carlo Volta
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Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Maximal Respiratory Pressures ,Ventilators, Mechanical ,Humans ,Female ,Muscle Strength ,Prospective Studies ,Middle Aged ,Respiratory Insufficiency ,Respiration, Artificial ,Respiratory Muscles ,Aged - Abstract
Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) can help to evaluate inspiratory muscle strength. However its determination in ventilated patients is cumbersome and needs special equipment. We hypothesized that MIP could be obtained by using the expiratory hold knob of the ventilator. The aim of this study was to verify whether: 1) the end expiratory occlusion technique can be used for MIP determination; and 2) if this technique provides different results compared to those obtained by the traditional method of MIP calculation.We studied 23 consecutive patients undergoing mechanical ventilation for acute respiratory failure. The MIP was determined by two different methods, both based on occluding the airway for 20 seconds. This occlusion was obtained either by pressing the expiratory hold knob of the ventilator; or by detaching the patient from the ventilator circuit and using a noiseless pneumatic shutter placed on the inspiratory line of a two-way valve that allows expiration but prevents inspiration.The average values of MIP obtained by using either the hold knob of the ventilator or the noiseless pneumatic shutter were -46±14 cmH2O and -56±13 cmH2O, respectively. The linear regression analysis showed a significant correlation between MIPVent and MIPOcc (r2=0.95), although the Bland- Altman analysis revealed that they are not clinically comparable.MIP can be easily determined at the bedside by pressing the expiratory hold knob of ventilator. However, MIPVent and MIPOcc are different in terms of absolute value probably because they were determined at diverse lung volume.
163. Community detection: comparison among clustering algorithms and application to EEG-based brain networks
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Puxeddu, M. G., Petti, M., Pichiorri, F., Cincotti, F., donatella mattia, Astolfi, L., and IEEE
164. Transcranial cerebellar Direct Current Stimulation: effects on Brain Resting State Oscillatory and Network Activity
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Petti, M., Astolfi, L., Masciullo, M., Clausi, S., Pichiorri, F., Cincotti, F., donatella mattia, Molinari, M., and IEEE
165. Respiratory mechanics at different PEEP levels during general anesthesia in the elderly: A pilot study
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Marangoni E, Alvisi V, Ragazzi R, Mojoli F, Alvisi R, Caramori G, Astolfi L, and Carlo Volta
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Aged, 80 and over ,Male ,Positive-Pressure Respiration ,Functional Residual Capacity ,Abdomen ,Respiratory Mechanics ,Humans ,Female ,Pilot Projects ,Prospective Studies ,Anesthesia, General ,Aged - Abstract
General anesthesia could imply that the closing capacity exceed the functional residual capacity. This phenomenon, associated with a reduction of maximal expiratory flow, could lead to expiratory flow limitation (EFL). The aim of our study was to verify 1) a new method of determining EFL during anesthesia (PEEP test); 2) if anesthesia could be associated with the development of EFL; 3) if the use a small amount of PEEP is able to reverse the possible negative effects of low lung volume ventilation.Fifty two patients scheduled for abdominal surgery were prospectively randomized in: 1) group ZEEP, ventilated at PEEP 0 H(2)O and 2) group PEEP ventilated at PEEP 5 cm H2O. The presence of EFL was determined by the negative expiratory pressure (NEP) test the day before surgery and by the PEEP test during surgery. Data of respiratory mechanics were calculated at the beginning and at the end of anesthesia.1) The PEEP test allows the detection of EFL; 2) anesthesia was associated with EFL: 8 patients developed EFL after induction. At the end of surgery, 7 more patients became flow limited in the group ZEEP, while only 1 in the group PEEP. The group ZEEP exhibited a marked decrease of expiratory flow and a worsening of respiratory mechanics at the end of surgery.The PEEP test allowed to verify that EFL during anesthesia is a valuable phenomenon. The use of 5 cmH(2)O of PEEP was helpful to prevent the deterioration of lung mechanics that occurs during surgery.
166. The multimod application framework
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Viceconti, M., Astolfi, L., Alberto Leardini, Imboden, S., Petrone, M., Quadrani, P., Taddei, F., Testi, D., and Zannoni, C.
167. ChemInform Abstract: HETERODIENE SYNTHESIS PART 12, THE CONFORMATIONAL ANALYSIS OF CIS AND TRANS 2-ALKOXY-4-PHENYL-2,3-DIHYDROPYRAN(2,3-C)PYRAZOLES, STERIC INTERACTIONS AND THE ANOMERIC EFFECT
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DESIMONI, G., primary, ASTOLFI, L., additional, CAMBIERI, M., additional, GAMBA, A., additional, and TACCONI, G., additional
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- 1973
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168. Heterodiene syntheses—XII
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Desimoni, G., primary, Astolfi, L., additional, Cambieri, M., additional, Gamba, A., additional, and Tacconi, G., additional
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- 1973
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169. Time-varying cortical connectivity by high resolution EEG and directed transfer function: simulations and application to finger tapping data
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Astolfi, L., primary, Babiloni, F., additional, Babiloni, C., additional, Carducci, F., additional, Cincotti, F., additional, Basilisco, A., additional, Rossini, P.M., additional, Salinari, S., additional, Ding, L., additional, Ni, Y., additional, and He, B., additional
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170. P31.4 Detection of the time-varying cortical connectivity patterns by the adaptive multivariate estimators in high resolution EEG studies
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Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., De Vico Fallani, F., Colosimo, A., Nocchi, F., Babiloni, F., Salinari, S., and Hesse, W.
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- 2006
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171. Neural Basis For Cortical-Network Responses To TV Spots: a High Resolution EEG study.
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De Vico Fallania, F., Babiloni, F., Cincotti, F., Mattia, D., Tocci, A., Bianchi, L., Salinari, S., Marciani, M.G., Soranzo, R., Colosimo, A., and Astolfi, L.
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- 2007
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172. Heterodiene syntheses—XII : The conformational analysis of cis and trans 2-alkoxy-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyran[2,3-c] pyrazoles: Steric interactions and the anomeric effect
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Desimoni, G., Astolfi, L., Cambieri, M., Gamba, A., and Tacconi, G.
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- 1973
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173. Testing different methodologies for Granger causality estimation: A simulation study
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Yuri Antonacci, Laura Astolfi, Luca Faes, Antonacci Y., Astolfi L., and Faes L.
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Multivariate statistics ,state space models ,Series (mathematics) ,Computer science ,Granger causality ,Dynamical Networks ,Multivariate Time Series ,Reduction (complexity) ,Autoregressive model ,Settore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E Informatica ,State space ,Conditioning ,Time series ,Vector Autoregressive Processes ,Algorithm - Abstract
Granger causality (GC) is a method for determining whether and how two time series exert causal influences one over the other. As it is easy to implement through vector autoregressive (VAR) models and can be generalized to the multivariate case, GC has spread in many different areas of research such as neuroscience and network physiology. In its basic formulation, the computation of GC involves two different regressions, taking respectively into account the whole past history of the investigated multivariate time series (full model) and the past of all time series except the putatively causal time series (restricted model). However, the restricted model cannot be represented through a finite order VAR process and, when few data samples are available or the number of time series is very high, the estimation of GC exhibits a strong reduction in accuracy. To mitigate these problems, improved estimation strategies have been recently implemented, including state space (SS) models and partial conditioning (PC) approaches. In this work, we propose a new method to compute GC which combines SS and PC and tests it together with other four commonly used estimation approaches. In simulated networks of linearly interacting time series, we show the possibility to reconstruct the network structure even in challenging conditions of data samples available.
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- 2021
174. A novel method to assess motor cortex connectivity and event related desynchronization based on mass models
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Mauro Ursino, Laura Astolfi, Giulia Ricci, Elisa Magosso, Floriana Pichiorri, Manuela Petti, Ursino M., Ricci G., Astolfi L., Pichiorri F., Petti M., and Magosso E.
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Motor cortex after stroke ,Computer science ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,Electroencephalography ,Cognitive neuroscience ,excitatory/inhibitory synaptic connections ,Brain rhythms ,EEG ,Excitatory/inhibitory synaptic connections ,Model–based connectivity ,Network model ,Non–linear coupling ,Article ,Rhythm ,medicine ,Set (psychology) ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition ,business.industry ,General Neuroscience ,Work (physics) ,Pattern recognition ,Nonlinear system ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Brain rhythm ,Excitatory/inhibitory synaptic connection ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,brain rhythms ,Motor cortex ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Knowledge of motor cortex connectivity is of great value in cognitive neuroscience, in order to provide a better understanding of motor organization and its alterations in pathological conditions. Traditional methods provide connectivity estimations which may vary depending on the task. This work aims to propose a new method for motor connectivity assessment based on the hypothesis of a task-independent connectivity network, assuming nonlinear behavior. The model considers six cortical regions of interest (ROIs) involved in hand movement. The dynamics of each region is simulated using a neural mass model, which reproduces the oscillatory activity through the interaction among four neural populations. Parameters of the model have been assigned to simulate both power spectral densities and coherences of a patient with left-hemisphere stroke during resting condition, movement of the affected, and movement of the unaffected hand. The presented model can simulate the three conditions using a single set of connectivity parameters, assuming that only inputs to the ROIs change from one condition to the other. The proposed procedure represents an innovative method to assess a brain circuit, which does not rely on a task-dependent connectivity network and allows brain rhythms and desynchronization to be assessed on a quantitative basis.
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- 2021
175. Single-trial Connectivity Estimation through the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator
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Antonio Pietrabissa, Jlenia Toppi, Yuri Antonacci, Donatella Mattia, Laura Astolfi, Antonacci Y., Toppi J., Mattia D., Pietrabissa A., and Astolfi L.
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Multivariate statistics ,Computer science ,0206 medical engineering ,02 engineering and technology ,Connectivity measurements ,Least squares ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Lasso (statistics) ,Statistics::Methodology ,Least-Squares Analysis ,Statistic ,Shrinkage ,business.industry ,Brain ,Pattern recognition ,Electroencephalography ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Causality ,Data point ,Autoregressive model ,Physiological systems modeling - Multivariate signal processing ,Ordinary least squares ,Least-Squares Analysis, Brain, Electroencephalography ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Methods based on the use of multivariate autoregressive models (MVAR) have proved to be an accurate tool for the estimation of functional links between the activity originated in different brain regions. A well-established method for the parameters estimation is the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) approach, followed by an assessment procedure that can be performed by means of Asymptotic Statistic (AS). However, the performances of both procedures are strongly influenced by the number of data samples available, thus limiting the conditions in which brain connectivity can be estimated. The aim of this paper is to introduce and test a regression method based on Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) to broaden the estimation of brain connectivity to those conditions in which current methods fail due to the limited data points available. We tested the performances of the LASSO regression in a simulation study under different levels of data points available, in comparison with a classical approach based on OLS and AS. Then, the two methods were applied to real electroencephalographic (EEG) signals, recorded during a motor imagery task. The simulation study and the application to real EEG data both indicated that LASSO regression provides better performances than the currently used methodologies for the estimation of brain connectivity when few data points are available. This work paves the way to the estimation and assessment of connectivity patterns with limited data amount and in on-line settings.
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- 2020
176. Human mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for damaged cochlea repair in nod-scid mice deafened with kanamycin
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Benedetta Mazzanti, Roberto P. Revoltella, Alessandro Martini, Simone Bettini, Valeria Franceschini, Edi Simoni, Laura Astolfi, and Bettini S., Franceschini V., Astolfi L., Simoni E, Mazzanti B, Martini A:, Revoltella RP
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Adult ,0301 basic medicine ,Cancer Research ,Stromal cell ,hybrid cells ,Immunology ,tissue regeneration ,Mice, SCID ,Deafness ,Biology ,Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation ,Regenerative medicine ,Mice ,03 medical and health sciences ,proliferative capacity ,Kanamycin ,Mice, Inbred NOD ,Osteogenesis ,In vivo ,xenotransplantation ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Regeneration ,Immunology and Allergy ,Cells, Cultured ,Genetics (clinical) ,Cell Proliferation ,Transplantation ,Adipogenesis ,paracrine effect ,Regeneration (biology) ,Mesenchymal stem cell ,bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells ,Mesenchymal Stem Cells ,adipose-derived stem cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells, cochlea, hybrid cells, kanamycin, multipotency, paracrine effect, proliferative capacity, tissue regeneration, xenotransplantation ,Cell Biology ,multipotency ,Cochlea ,Cell biology ,Phenotype ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Oncology ,adipose-derived stem cells ,cochlea ,kanamycin ,Bone marrow ,Ex vivo - Abstract
Background Kanamycin, mainly used in the treatment of drug-resistant-tuberculosis, is known to cause irreversible hearing loss. Using the xeno-transplant model, we compared both in vitro and in vivo characteristics of human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) derived from adult tissues, bone marrow (BM-MSCs) and adipose tissue (ADSCs). These tissues were selected for their availability, in vitro multipotency and regenerative potential in vivo in kanamycin-deafened nod-scid mice. Methods MSCs were isolated from informed donors and expanded ex vivo. We evaluated their proliferation capacity in vitro using the hexosaminidase assay, the phenotypic profile using flow-cytometry of a panel of surface antigens, the osteogenic potential using alkaline phosphatase activity and the adipogenic potential using oil-red-O staining. MSCs were intravenously injected in deafened mice and cochleae, liver, spleen and kidney were sampled 7 and 30 days after transplantation. The dissected organs were analyzed using lectin histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and dual color fluorescence in situ hybridization (DC-FISH). Results MSCs showed similar in vitro characteristics, but ADSCs appeared to be more efficient after prolonged expansion. Both cell types engrafted in the cochlea of damaged mice, inducing regeneration of the damaged sensory structures. Several hybrid cells were detected in engrafted tissues. Discussion BM-MSCs and ADSCs showed in vitro characteristics suitable for tissue regeneration and fused with resident cells in engrafted tissues. The data suggest that paracrine effect is the prevalent mechanism inducing tissue recovery. Overall, BM-MSCs and ADSCs appear to be valuable tools in regenerative medicine for hearing loss recovery.
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- 2018
177. Estimation of brain connectivity through Artificial Neural Networks
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Jlenia Toppi, Donatella Mattia, Antonio Pietrabissa, Yuri Antonacci, Laura Astolfi, Antonacci Y., Toppi J., Mattia D., Pietrabissa A., and Astolfi L.
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Computer science ,Feature selection ,02 engineering and technology ,Connectivity measurements ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Artificial neural network ,business.industry ,Process (computing) ,Brain ,Pattern recognition ,Electroencephalography ,Collinearity ,Causality ,Data point ,Physiological systems modeling - Multivariate signal processing ,Norm (mathematics) ,Regression Analysis ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Analysis of variance ,Artificial intelligence ,Neural Networks, Computer ,business ,Algorithms, Brain, Electroencephalography, Regression Analysis, Neural Networks, Computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Linear equation ,Algorithms - Abstract
Among different methods available for estimating brain connectivity from electroencephalographic signals (EEG), those based on MVAR models have proved to be flexible and accurate. They rely on the solution of linear equations that can be pursued through artificial neural networks (ANNs) used as MVAR model. However, when few data samples are available, there is a lack of accuracy in estimating MVAR parameters due to the collinearity between regressors. Moreover, the assessment procedure is also affected by the lack of data points. The mathematical solution to these problems is represented by penalized regression methods based on l 1 norm, that can reduce collinearity by means of variable selection process. However, the direct application of l 1 norm during the training of an ANN does not result in an efficient learning process. With the introduction of the stochastic gradient descent-L1 (SGD-L1) it is possible to apply l 1 norm directly on the estimated weights in an efficient way. Even if ANNs has been used as MVAR model for brain connectivity estimation, the use of SGD-L1 algorithm has never been tested to this purpose when few data samples are available. In this work, we tested an approach based on ANNs and SGD-L1 on both surrogate and real EEG data. Our results show that ANNs can provide accurate brain connectivity estimation if trained with SGD-L1 algorithm even when few data samples are available.
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- 2019
178. Estimating brain connectivity when few data points are available: Perspectives and limitations
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Jlenia Toppi, Yuri Antonacci, Laura Astolfi, Alessandra Anzolin, Stefano Caschera, Donatella Mattia, Antonacci Y., Toppi J., Caschera S., Anzolin A., Mattia D., and Astolfi L.
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Multivariate statistics ,Underdetermined system ,0206 medical engineering ,Biomedical Engineering ,Signal Processing ,1707 ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Brain Mapping, Brain ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,False positive paradox ,Mathematics ,Brain Mapping ,business.industry ,Brain ,020601 biomedical engineering ,Regression ,Data point ,Autoregressive model ,Multicollinearity ,Settore ING-INF/06 - Bioingegneria Elettronica E Informatica ,Ordinary least squares ,Artificial intelligence ,Data mining ,business ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Methods based on the use of multivariate autoregressive modeling (MVAR) have proved to be an accurate and flexible tool for the estimation of brain functional connectivity. The multivariate approach, however, implies the use of a model whose complexity (in terms of number of parameters) increases quadratically with the number of signals included in the problem. This can often lead to an underdetermined problem and to the condition of multicollinearity. The aim of this paper is to introduce and test an approach based on Ridge Regression combined with a modified version of the statistics usually adopted for these methods, to broaden the estimation of brain connectivity to those conditions in which current methods fail, due to the lack of enough data points. We tested the performances of this new approach, in comparison with the classical approach based on ordinary least squares (OLS), by means of a simulation study implementing different ground-truth networks, under different network sizes and different levels of data points. Simulation results showed that the new approach provides better performances, in terms of accuracy of the parameters estimation and false positives/false negatives rates, in all conditions related to a low data points/model dimension ratio, and may thus be exploited to estimate and validate estimated patterns at single-trial level or when short time data segments are available.
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- 2017
179. Measuring the agreement between brain connectivity networks
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Jlenia Toppi, Laura Astolfi, Alessandra Anzolin, Manuela Petti, Yuri Antonacci, Donatella Mattia, Stefano Caschera, Nicolina Sciaraffa, Toppi J., Sciaraffa N., Antonacci Y., Anzolin A., Caschera S., Petti M., Mattia D., and Astolfi L.
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Computer science ,Models, Neurological ,Structure (category theory) ,Biomedical Engineering ,Signal Processing ,1707 ,Health Informatics ,02 engineering and technology ,computer.software_genre ,Measure (mathematics) ,Surrogate data ,Data modeling ,03 medical and health sciences ,Analysis of Variance, Area Under Curve, Brain, Brain Mapping, Computer Simulation, Electroencephalography, Humans, Nerve Net, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Models, Neurological ,0302 clinical medicine ,Similarity (network science) ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Humans ,Computer Simulation ,Sensitivity (control systems) ,Analysis of Variance ,Brain Mapping ,Brain ,Electroencephalography ,Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ,Area Under Curve ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,Data mining ,Nerve Net ,computer ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Investigating the level of similarity between two brain networks, resulting from measures of effective connectivity in the brain, can be of interest from many respects. In this study, we propose and test the idea to borrow measures of association used in machine learning to provide a measure of similarity between the structure of (un-weighted) brain connectivity networks. The measures here explored are the accuracy, Cohen's Kappa (K) and Area Under Curve (AUC). We implemented two simulation studies, reproducing two contexts of application that can be particularly interesting for practical applications, namely: i) in methodological studies, performed on surrogate data, aiming at comparing the estimated network with the corresponding ground-truth network; ii) in applications to real data, when it is necessary to compare the structure of a network obtained in a specific subject with a reference (e.g. a baseline condition or normative data). In the simulations, the level of similarity between two networks was manipulated through different factors. We then investigated the effect of such manipulations on the measures of association. Results showed how the three parameters modulated their values according to the level of similarity between the two networks. In particular, the AUC provided the better performances in terms of its capability to synthetize the similarity between two networks, showing high dynamic and sensitivity.
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- 2017
180. Essential and Redundant Internal Models in Nonlinear Output Regulation
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Lorenzo Marconi, Laurent Praly, Center for Research on Complex Automated Systems (CASY-DEIS), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Centre Automatique et Systèmes (CAS), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Alessandro Astolfi, Lorenzo Marconi, A. ASTOLFI, L. MARCONI, L. Marconi, and L. Praly
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0209 industrial biotechnology ,Computer science ,020208 electrical & electronic engineering ,Internal model ,Regulator ,02 engineering and technology ,Complement (complexity) ,[SPI.AUTO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Automatic ,Nonlinear system ,020901 industrial engineering & automation ,Dimension (vector space) ,Control theory ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Decomposition (computer science) ,Observability ,Generator (mathematics) - Abstract
This paper is focused on the problem of output regulation for nonlinear systems within the main framework developed in cite{SICON06}. The main goal is to complement the theory presented in cite{SICON06} with some new results showing how the dimension of the internal model-based regulator can be reduced by preserving the so-called internal model property. It is shown how the problem of reducing the regulator dimension can be approached by identifying ``observability" parts of the so-called steady-state input generator system. A local analysis based on canonical geometric tools and local observability decomposition is also presented to identify lower bounds on the regulator dimension. Possible benefits in designing redundant internal models are also presented.
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- 2008
181. Gli strumenti di reporting sociale negli enti locali: a che punto siamo?
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SIBONI, BENEDETTA, A. ALLINI, B. ANTONELLI, S. ASTOLFI, L. BIONDI, A.M. BISCOTTI, A. BONFANTI, L. BOSETTI, G. BOSSO, L. BROGONZOLI, F. BRUNO, R. CAIAFA, P. CARENZO, A. CASALENA, R. CASSANO, P. CASTELLANI, C. CORSI, E. COSTA, E. CRESTI, M. DE NICOLA, C. DEL GESSO, A. DELLA PORTA, D. DI BERARDINO, T. DI CIMBRINI, P. DI GREGORIO, F. FACCIA, G. FALDETTA, D. FELAPPI, C. FERRONE, S. GIGLI, S. GIULIANI, C. GULLUSCIO, G. GUZZO, L. IANNI, B. IANNONE, P. LA MARCA, F. LA ROSA, I. LUPERTO, F. MANDANICI, R. MEDEI, M.C. MONTAGANO, F. MONTEDURO, C PARISI, A. PASSARO, M. PEDRINI, A. PETTINELLA, F. PORTADIBASSO, M. PUZZO, A. QUINTILIANI, G. RAPPA, R. REINA, C. ROMANO, C. ROSSATO, R. RUSCIANO, F. SANSALVADORE, B. SIBONI, L. TAMPIERI, P. VOLA, M. ZIFARO, and B. Siboni
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STAKEHOLDERS ,RENDICONTAZIONE SOCIALE ,ENTI LOCALI ,ACCOUNTABILITY ,BILANCIO SOCIALE - Abstract
Il lavoro analizza le ragioni che hanno portato alla diffusione della rendicontazione sociale negli enti locali italiani e presenta alcuni primi risultati di una indagine svolta dalla scrivente per rilevarne il grado di diffusione e le caratteristiche.
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- 2007
182. A nonlinear model for combustion instability: analysis and quenching of the oscillatrions
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Landau, Ioan Doré, Bouziani, Fethi, Bitmead, Robert, GIPSA - Systèmes linéaires et robustesse (GIPSA-SLR), Département Automatique (GIPSA-DA), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering [La Jolla] (UCSD), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California-University of California, and A. Astolfi, L. Marconi
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modelling ,Krylov-Bogoliubov method ,combustion instability ,[INFO.INFO-AU]Computer Science [cs]/Automatic Control Engineering ,nonlinear oscillating systems - Abstract
International audience; In this paper a new analytically tractable model for combustion instability is proposed. The model is based on two coupled resonators in a feedforward path, and a feedback path composed of a delay, generalized Van der Pol term and a low pass filter. The model is analyzed and approximated using a refined Krylov-Bogoliubov method. The analysis shows that the model captures the two oscillating modes coexistence phenomena which have been noted in combustion instability.Conditions for the occurrence of various operation regimes have been established. The importance of delay and low pass filtering is discussed in this article. The problem of quenching the oscillations by feedback is disucssed and two solutions are proposed and evaluated
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- 2007
183. 9. Brain network modulation following motor imagery BCI-assisted training after stroke.
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Pichiorri, F., Petti, M., Morone, G., Molinari, M., Astolfi, L., Cincotti, F., Inghilleri, M., and Mattia, D.
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NEURAL circuitry , *MENTAL imagery , *BRAIN-computer interfaces , *STROKE , *ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY , *SENSORIMOTOR cortex , *T-test (Statistics) - Abstract
To evaluate the influence of Motor Imagery (MI) training assisted via Brain Computer Interface (BCI) on brain network organization in subacute stroke patients. We analyzed EEG-derived brain networks estimated before and after two training strategies (with and without BCI support); correlations between connectivity indices and clinical improvement were performed. Twenty-eight subacute stroke patients were enrolled and assigned to two groups: 14 patients underwent a one-month motor imagery (MI) training supported by a sensorimotor–based BCI (BCI group) while 14 underwent a similar MI training without BCI support (CTRL group). Before and after training we recorded EEG from 61 positions during 5 min of rest. Effective connectivity was computed by means of Partial Directed Coherence. Paired sample t -tests and Pearson’s Correlation were employed to analyze data (significance was defined by p < .05). Reinforcement of Interhemispheric Connections were observed in both groups ( p < .05), with a different between-group behavior with respect to EEG frequency bands (beta/gamma and theta/alpha frequency bands for the BCI and CTRL group, respectively). Increased ipsilesional connectivity correlated with clinical improvement as measured by the Fugl-Mayer scale in the BCI group only ( R = 0.568, p = 0.034). Overall findings indicate that MI training supported via BCI induces a reinforcement of interhemispheric connections related to sensorimotor rhythms; brain connectivity is a promising neurophysiological marker for BCI training efficacy in stroke rehabilitation. This work was partially supported by the European ICT Programme Project FP7-224631 and by the project “Brain Computer Interface-Driven Rehabilitation After Stroke: An Add-On Intervention For Hand Motor Recovery” (RF-2010-2319611) founded by the Italian Ministry of Healthcare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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184. Time-variant partial directed coherence for analysing connectivity: a methodological study.
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Leistritz, L., Pester, B., Doering, A., Schiecke, K., Babiloni, F., Astolfi, L., and Witte, H.
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BRAIN research , *BRAIN -- Mathematical models , *BIOLOGICAL transport , *MEDICAL research , *COMPUTER science research , *KALMAN filtering , *PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
For the past decade, the detection and quantification of interactions within and between physiological networks has become a priority-in-common between the fields of biomedicine and computer science. Prominent examples are the interaction analysis of brain networks and of the cardiovascular-respiratory system. The aim of the study is to show how and to what extent results from time-variant partial directed coherence analysis are influenced by some basic estimator and data parameters. The impacts of the Kalman filter settings, the order of the autoregressive (AR) model, signal-to-noise ratios, filter procedures and volume conduction were investigated. These systematic investigations are based on data derived from simulated connectivity networks and were performed using a Kalman filter approach for the estimation of the time-variant multivariate AR model. Additionally, the influence of electrooculogram artefact rejection on the significance and dynamics of interactions in 29 channel electroencephalography recordings, derived from a photic driving experiment, is demonstrated. For artefact rejection, independent component analysis was used. The study provides rules to correctly apply particular methods that will aid users to achieve more reliable interpretations of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2013
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185. P31.3 On the estimation of causality between cortical spatial patterns during voluntary movements in normal subjects by using independent component analysis
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Bakardjian, H., Babiloni, F., Cichocki, A., Cincotti, F., Marciani, M.G., De Vico Fallani, F., Miwakeichi, F., Yamaguchi, Y., Astolfi, L., and Mattia, D.
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- 2006
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186. Comparison of different multivariate methods for the estimation of cortical connectivity: Simulations and applications to EEG data
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Febo Cincotti, Mauro Ursino, Melissa Zavaglia, F. De Vico Fallani, M. Lai, Laura Astolfi, Donatella Mattia, Fabio Babiloni, Serenella Salinari, Luiz A. Baccalá, Astolfi L., Cincotti F., Mattia D., Lai M., Baccala L., de Vico Fallani F., Salinari S., Ursino M., Zavaglia M., and Babiloni F.
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Multivariate statistics ,Elementary cognitive task ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Estimator ,Pattern recognition ,Electroencephalography ,Neurophysiology ,Machine learning ,computer.software_genre ,Autoregressive model ,Granger causality ,medicine ,Coherence (signal processing) ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer - Abstract
The problem of the definition and evaluation of brain connectivity has become a central one in neuroscience during the latest years, as a way to understand the organization and interaction of cortical areas during the execution of cognitive or motor tasks. Among various methods established during the years, the Directed Transfer Function (DTF), the Partial Directed Coherence (PDC) and the direct DTF (dDTF) are frequency-domain approaches to this problem, all based on a multivariate autoregressive modeling of time series and on the concept of Granger causality. In this paper we propose the use of these methods on cortical signals estimated from high resolution EEG recordings, a non invasive method which exhibits a higher spatial resolution than conventional cerebral electromagnetic measures. The principle contribution of this work are the results of a simulation study, testing the capability of the three estimators to reconstruct a connectivity model imposed, with a particular eye on the capability to distinguish between direct and indirect causality. An application to high resolution EEG recordings during a foot movement is also presented.
187. Synergy of the mirror neuron system and the mentalizing system in a single brain and between brains during joint actions.
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Ciaramidaro A, Toppi J, Vogel P, Freitag CM, Siniatchkin M, and Astolfi L
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- Humans, Male, Female, Adult, Young Adult, Cooperative Behavior, Mentalization physiology, Social Interaction, Mirror Neurons physiology, Electroencephalography, Theory of Mind physiology, Brain physiology
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Cooperative action involves the simulation of actions and their co-representation by two or more people. This requires the involvement of two complex brain systems: the mirror neuron system (MNS) and the mentalizing system (MENT), both of critical importance for successful social interaction. However, their internal organization and the potential synergy of both systems during joint actions (JA) are yet to be determined. The aim of this study was to examine the role and interaction of these two fundamental systems-MENT and MNS-during continuous interaction. To this hand, we conducted a multiple-brain connectivity analysis in the source domain during a motor cooperation task using high-density EEG dual-recordings providing relevant insights into the roles of MNS and MENT at the intra- and interbrain levels. In particular, the intra-brain analysis demonstrated the essential function of both systems during JA, as well as the crucial role played by single brain regions of both neural mechanisms during cooperative activities. Specifically, our intra-brain analysis revealed that both neural mechanisms are essential during Joint Action (JA), showing a solid connection between MNS and MENT and a central role of the single brain regions of both mechanisms during cooperative actions. Additionally, our inter-brain study revealed increased inter-subject connections involving the motor system, MENT and MNS. Thus, our findings show a mutual influence between two interacting agents, based on synchronization of MNS and MENT systems. Our results actually encourage more research into the still-largely unknown realm of inter-brain dynamics and contribute to expand the body of knowledge in social neuroscience., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors of this article have no conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, to disclose., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
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- 2024
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188. Mechanical characterization of porcine ureter for the evaluation of tissue-engineering applications.
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Casarin M, Toniolo I, Todesco M, Carniel EL, Astolfi L, Morlacco A, and Moro FD
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Introduction: Clinics increasingly require readily deployable tubular substitutes to restore the functionality of structures like ureters and blood vessels. Despite extensive exploration of various materials, both synthetic and biological, the optimal solution remains elusive. Drawing on abundant literature experiences, there is a pressing demand for a substitute that not only emulates native tissue by providing requisite signals and growth factors but also exhibits appropriate mechanical resilience and behaviour. Methods: This study aims to assess the potential of porcine ureters by characterizing their biomechanical properties in their native configuration through ring and membrane flexion tests. In order to assess the tissue morphology before and after mechanical tests and the eventual alteration of tissue microstructure that would be inserted in material constitutive description, histological staining was performed on samples. Corresponding computational analyses were performed to mimic the experimental campaign to identify the constitutive material parameters. Results: The absence of any damages to muscle and collagen fibres, which only compacted after mechanical tests, was demonstrated. The experimental tests (ring and membrane flexion tests) showed non-linearity for material and geometry and the viscoelastic behaviour of the native porcine ureter. Computational models were descriptive of the mechanical behaviour ureteral tissue, and the material model feasible. Discussion: This analysis will be useful for future comparison with decellularized tissue for the evaluation of the aggression of cell removal and its effect on microstructure. The computational model could lay the basis for a reliable tool for the prediction of solicitation in the case of tubular substitutions in subsequent simulations., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The author(s) declared that they were an editorial board member of Frontiers, at the time of submission. This had no impact on the peer review process and the final decision., (Copyright © 2024 Casarin, Toniolo, Todesco, Carniel, Astolfi, Morlacco and Moro.)
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- 2024
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189. Hybrid Materials for Vascular Applications: A Preliminary In Vitro Assessment.
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Todesco M, Casarin M, Sandrin D, Astolfi L, Romanato F, Giuggioli G, Conte F, Gerosa G, Fontanella CG, and Bagno A
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The production of biomedical devices able to appropriately interact with the biological environment is still a great challenge. Synthetic materials are often employed, but they fail to replicate the biological and functional properties of native tissues, leading to a variety of adverse effects. Several commercial products are based on chemically treated xenogeneic tissues: their principal drawback is due to weak mechanical stability and low durability. Recently, decellularization has been proposed to bypass the drawbacks of both synthetic and biological materials. Acellular materials can integrate with host tissues avoiding/mitigating any foreign body response, but they often lack sufficient patency and impermeability. The present paper investigates an innovative approach to the realization of hybrid materials that combine decellularized bovine pericardium with polycarbonate urethanes. These hybrid materials benefit from the superior biocompatibility of the biological tissue and the mechanical properties of the synthetic polymers. They were assessed from physicochemical, structural, mechanical, and biological points of view; their ability to promote cell growth was also investigated. The decellularized pericardium and the polymer appeared to well adhere to each other, and the two sides were distinguishable. The maximum elongation of hybrid materials was mainly affected by the pericardium, which allows for lower elongation than the polymer; this latter, in turn, influenced the maximum strength achieved. The results confirmed the promising features of hybrid materials for the production of vascular grafts able to be repopulated by circulating cells, thus, improving blood compatibility.
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- 2024
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190. Tumor budding to investigate local invasion, metastasis, and prognosis of head and neck carcinoma: A systematic review.
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Zanoletti E, Daloiso A, Nicolè L, Cazzador D, Mondello T, Franz L, Astolfi L, and Marioni G
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- Humans, Prognosis, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck pathology, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck mortality, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck therapy, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell pathology, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell therapy, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell mortality, Male, Female, Head and Neck Neoplasms pathology, Head and Neck Neoplasms therapy, Head and Neck Neoplasms mortality, Neoplasm Invasiveness pathology
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The aim of this systematic review is to shed light on the role of tumor budding (TB) in the biology, behavior, and prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A search was run in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases following PRISMA guidelines. After full-text screening and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 36 articles were included. Several investigations support the prognostic role of TB, which might play a role in selecting rational treatment strategies. To achieve this goal, further research is needed for greater standardization in TB quantification. Although TB is not included as a negative prognostic factor in the current management guidelines, it might be reasonable to consider a closer follow-up for HNSCC cases with high histopathological evidence of TB., (© 2023 The Authors. Head & Neck published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
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- 2024
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191. Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Role for Angiogenesis Markers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Narrative Review.
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Alessandrini L, Astolfi L, Daloiso A, Sbaraglia M, Mondello T, Zanoletti E, Franz L, and Marioni G
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- Humans, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck therapy, Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck drug therapy, Angiogenesis Inhibitors therapeutic use, Prognosis, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell therapy, Carcinoma, Squamous Cell drug therapy, Head and Neck Neoplasms therapy, Head and Neck Neoplasms drug therapy
- Abstract
Despite refinements to diagnostic and therapeutic approaches over the last two decades, the outcome of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has not shown substantial improvements, especially regarding those with advanced-stage disease. Angiogenesis is believed to be a turning point in the development of solid tumors, being a premise for mass growth and potential distant dissemination. Cancer-induced angiogenesis is a result of increased expression of angiogenic factors, decreased expression of anti-angiogenic factors, or a combination of both. The assessment of angiogenesis has also emerged as a potentially useful biological prognostic and predictive factor in HNSCC. The aim of this review is to assess the level of current knowledge on the neo-angiogenesis markers involved in the biology, behavior, and prognosis of HNSCC. A search (between 1 January 2012 and 10 October 2022) was run in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science electronic databases. After full-text screening and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 84 articles are included. The current knowledge and debate on angiogenesis in HNSCC presented in the eligible articles are stratified as follows: (i) diagnostic markers; (ii) prognostic markers; (iii) predictive markers; and (iv) markers with a potential therapeutic role. Angiogenesis is a biological and pathological indicator of malignancies progression and has negative implications in prognosis of some solid tumors; several signals capable of tripping the "angiogenic switch" have also been identified in HNSCC. Although several studies suggested that antiangiogenic agents might be a valuable adjunct to conventional chemo-radiation of HNSCC, their long-term therapeutic value remains uncertain. Further investigations are required on combinations of antiangiogenic agents with conventional chemotherapeutic ones, immunotherapeutic and molecularly targeted agents in HNSCC. Additional data are necessary to pinpoint which patients could benefit most from these treatments., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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- 2023
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192. Chitin nanofibrils modulate mechanical response in tympanic membrane replacements.
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Anand S, Azimi B, Lucena M, Ricci C, Candito M, Zavagna L, Astolfi L, Coltelli MB, Lazzeri A, Berrettini S, Moroni L, Danti S, and Mota C
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- Chitin pharmacology, Tissue Engineering, Polyethylene Terephthalates, Tissue Scaffolds, Tympanic Membrane, Phthalic Acids
- Abstract
The tympanic membrane (TM), is a thin tissue lying at the intersection of the outer and the middle ear. TM perforations caused by traumas and infections often result in a conductive hearing loss. Tissue engineering has emerged as a promising approach for reconstructing the damaged TM by replicating the native material characteristics. In this regard, chitin nanofibrils (CN), a polysaccharide-derived nanomaterial, is known to exhibit excellent biocompatibility, immunomodulation and antimicrobial activity, thereby imparting essential qualities for an optimal TM regeneration. This work investigates the application of CN as a nanofiller for poly(ethylene oxide terephthalate)/poly(butylene terephthalate) (PEOT/PBT) copolymer to manufacture clinically suitable TM scaffolds using electrospinning and fused deposition modelling. The inclusion of CN within the PEOT/PBT matrix showed a three-fold reduction in the corresponding electrospun fiber diameters and demonstrated a significant improvement in the mechanical properties required for TM repair. Furthermore, in vitro biodegradation assay highlighted a favorable influence of CN in accelerating the scaffold degradation over a period of one year. Finally, the oto- and cytocompatibility response of the nanocomposite substrates corroborated their biological relevance for the reconstruction of perforated eardrums., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
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- 2023
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193. Tumor Microenvironment in Sporadic Vestibular Schwannoma: A Systematic, Narrative Review.
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Cazzador D, Astolfi L, Daloiso A, Tealdo G, Simoni E, Mazzoni A, Zanoletti E, and Marioni G
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- Humans, Ecosystem, Treatment Outcome, Tumor Burden, Tumor Microenvironment, Neuroma, Acoustic genetics, Neuroma, Acoustic pathology
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Although diagnosis and treatment of vestibular schwannomas (VSs) improved in recent years, no factors have yet been identified as being capable of predicting tumor growth. Molecular rearrangements occur in neoplasms before any macroscopic morphological changes become visible, and the former are the underlying cause of disease behavior. Tumor microenvironment (TME) encompasses cellular and non-cellular elements interacting together, resulting in a complex and dynamic key of tumorigenesis, drug response, and treatment outcome. The aim of this systematic, narrative review was to assess the level of knowledge on TME implicated in the biology, behavior, and prognosis of sporadic VSs. A search (updated to November 2022) was run in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science electronic databases according to the PRISMA guidelines, retrieving 624 titles. After full-text evaluation and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, 37 articles were included. VS microenvironment is determined by the interplay of a dynamic ecosystem of stromal and immune cells which produce and remodel extracellular matrix, vascular networks, and promote tumor growth. However, evidence is still conflicting. Further studies will enhance our understanding of VS biology by investigating TME-related biomarkers able to predict tumor growth and recognize immunological and molecular factors that could be potential therapeutic targets for medical treatment.
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- 2023
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194. Detection of Lymphatic Vessels in the Superficial Fascia of the Abdomen.
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Albertin G, Astolfi L, Fede C, Simoni E, Contran M, Petrelli L, Tiengo C, Guidolin D, De Caro R, and Stecco C
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Recently, the superficial fascia has been recognized as a specific anatomical structure between the two adipose layers-the superficial adipose tissue (SAT) and the deep adipose tissue (DAT). The evaluation of specific characteristics of cells, fibers, blood circulation, and innervation has shown that the superficial fascia has a clear and distinct anatomical identity, but knowledge about lymphatic vessels in relation to the superficial fascia has not been described. The aim of this study was to evaluate the presence of lymphatic vessels in the hypodermis, with a specific focus on the superficial fascia and in relation to the layered subdivision of the subcutaneous tissue into SAT and DAT. Tissue specimens were harvested from three adult volunteer patients during abdominoplasty and stained with D2-40 antibody for the lymphatic endothelium. In the papillary dermis, a huge presence of lymphatic vessels was highlighted, parallel to the skin surface and embedded in the loose connective tissue. In the superficial adipose tissue, thin lymphatic vessels (mean diameter of 11.6 ± 7.71 µm) were found, close to the fibrous septa connecting the dermis to the deeper layers. The deep adipose tissue showed a comparable overall content of lymphatic vessels with respect to the superficial layer; they followed the blood vessel and had a larger diameter. In the superficial fascia, the lymphatic vessels showed higher density and a larger diameter, in both the longitudinal and transverse directions along the fibers, as well as vessels that intertwined with one another, forming a rich network of vessels. This study demonstrated a different distribution of the lymphatic vessels in the various subcutaneous layers, especially in the superficial fascia, and the demonstration of the variable gauge of the vessels leads us to believe that they play different functional roles in the collection and transport of interstitial fluid-important factors in various surgical and rehabilitation fields.
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- 2023
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195. Decrease of visits and hospital admissions for cancer patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Angelini M, Teglia F, Casolari G, Astolfi L, and Boffetta P
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Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many nonurgent oncologic services were postponed. The aim of the present study was to estimate the impact of the pandemic on visits and hospital admissions for cancer patients worldwide., Methods: In our systematic review and meta-analysis, databases such as Pubmed, Proquest, and Scopus were searched comprehensively for articles published between January 1, 2020, and December 12, 2021. We included articles reporting data comparing the number of visits and hospital admissions for oncologic patients performed before and during the pandemic. Two pairs of independent reviewers extracted data from the selected studies. The weighted average of the percentage change was calculated and compared between pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Stratified analysis was performed by geographic area, time interval, and study setting., Findings: We found a mean relative change throughout January-October 2020 of -37.8% (95% CI -42.6; -32.9) and -26.3% (95% CI -31.4; -21.1) compared to pre-pandemic periods for oncologic visits and hospital admission, respectively. The temporal trend showed a U-shaped curve with nadir in April for cancer visits and in May 2020 for hospital admissions. All geographic areas showed a similar pattern and the same was observed when stratifying the studies as clinic-based and population-based., Interpretation: Our results showed a decrease in the number of visits and hospital admission during the January-October 2020 period after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The postponement or cancellation of these oncologic services may negatively affect the patient's outcome and the future burden of disease., Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01857-w., Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare no competing interests., (© The Author(s) 2023.)
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- 2023
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196. Decrease of cancer diagnosis during COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Angelini M, Teglia F, Astolfi L, Casolari G, and Boffetta P
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- Humans, Pandemics, Databases, Factual, PubMed, COVID-19 Testing, COVID-19 diagnosis, COVID-19 epidemiology, Neoplasms diagnosis, Neoplasms epidemiology
- Abstract
Many health services, including cancer care, have been affected by the COVID-19 epidemic. This study aimed at providing a systematic review of the impact of the epidemic on cancer diagnostic tests and diagnosis worldwide. In our systematic review and meta-analysis, databases such as Pubmed, Proquest and Scopus were searched comprehensively for articles published between January 1st, 2020 and December 12th, 2021. Observational studies and articles that reported data from single clinics and population registries comparing the number of cancer diagnostic tests and/or diagnosis performed before and during the pandemic, were included. Two pairs of independent reviewers extracted data from the selected studies. The weighted average of the percentage variation was calculated and compared between pandemic and pre-pandemic periods. Stratified analysis was performed by geographic area, time interval and study setting. The review was registered on PROSPERO (ID: CRD42022314314). The review comprised 61 articles, whose results referred to the period January-October 2020. We found an overall decrease of - 37.3% for diagnostic tests and - 27.0% for cancer diagnosis during the pandemic. For both outcomes we identified a U-shaped temporal trend, with an almost complete recovery for the number of cancer diagnosis after May 2020. We also analyzed differences by geographic area and screening setting. We provided a summary estimate of the decrease in cancer diagnosis and diagnostic tests, during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. The delay in cancer diagnosis could lead to an increase in the number of avoidable cancer deaths. Further research is needed to assess the impact of the pandemic measures on cancer treatment and mortality., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2023
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197. Multi-modal and multi-subject modular organization of human brain networks.
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Puxeddu MG, Faskowitz J, Sporns O, Astolfi L, and Betzel RF
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- Humans, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Aging, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Nerve Net diagnostic imaging, Brain
- Abstract
The human brain is a complex network of anatomically interconnected brain areas. Spontaneous neural activity is constrained by this architecture, giving rise to patterns of statistical dependencies between the activity of remote neural elements. The non-trivial relationship between structural and functional connectivity poses many unsolved challenges about cognition, disease, development, learning and aging. While numerous studies have focused on statistical relationships between edge weights in anatomical and functional networks, less is known about dependencies between their modules and communities. In this work, we investigate and characterize the relationship between anatomical and functional modular organization of the human brain, developing a novel multi-layer framework that expands the classical concept of multi-layer modularity. By simultaneously mapping anatomical and functional networks estimated from different subjects into communities, this approach allows us to carry out a multi-subject and multi-modal analysis of the brain's modular organization. Here, we investigate the relationship between anatomical and functional modules during resting state, finding unique and shared structures. The proposed framework constitutes a methodological advance in the context of multi-layer network analysis and paves the way to further investigate the relationship between structural and functional network organization in clinical cohorts, during cognitively demanding tasks, and in developmental or lifespan studies., (Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
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- 2022
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198. Liquid Crystalline Nanoparticles Conjugated with Dexamethasone Prevent Cisplatin Ototoxicity In Vitro.
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Valente F, Simoni E, Gentilin E, Martini A, Zanoletti E, Marioni G, Nicolai P, and Astolfi L
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- Humans, Cisplatin toxicity, Dexamethasone pharmacology, Ototoxicity, Nanoparticles chemistry, Liquid Crystals
- Abstract
The conjugation of drugs with nanoparticles represents an innovative approach for controlled and targeted administration of therapeutic agents. Nanoparticle-based systems have been tested for the inner ear therapy, increasing the drug diffusion and being detected in all parts of the cochlea when locally applied near the round window. In this study, glycerol monooleate liquid crystalline NanoParticles were conjugated with Dexamethasone (NPD), a hydrophobic drug already used for inner ear treatments but defective in solubility and bioavailability. NPD has been tested in vitro in the cell line OC-k3, a model of sensory cells of the inner ear, and the therapeutic efficacy has been evaluated against cisplatin, a chemotherapeutic compound known to induce ototoxicity. After comparing the physical chemical characteristics of NPD to the equivalent naïve nanoparticles, an initial investigation was carried out into the nanoparticle's uptake in OC-k3 cells, which takes place within a few hours of treatment without causing toxic damage up to a concentration of 50 µg/mL. The NPD delivered the dexamethasone inside the cells at a significantly increased rate compared to the equivalent free drug administration, increasing the half-life of the therapeutic compound within the cell. Concerning the co-treatment with cisplatin, the NPD significantly lowered the cisplatin cytotoxicity after 48 h of administration, preventing cell apoptosis. To confirm this result, also cell morphology, cell cycle and glucocorticoids receptor expression were investigated. In conclusion, the NPD system has thus preliminarily shown the potential to improve the therapeutic efficacy of treatments delivered in the inner ear and prevent drug-induced ototoxicity.
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- 2022
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199. Global Association of COVID-19 Pandemic Measures with Cancer Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
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Teglia F, Angelini M, Casolari G, Astolfi L, and Boffetta P
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Importance: The COVID-19 pandemic has put a serious strain on health services, including cancer treatment., Objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes in cancer treatment worldwide during the first phase of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak., Data Sources: Pubmed, Proquest, and Scopus databases were searched comprehensively for articles published between 1 January 2020 and 12 December 2021, in order to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis conducted following the PRISMA statement., Study Selection: Studies and articles that reported data on the number of or variation in cancer treatments between the pandemic and pre-pandemic periods, comprising oncological surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapies, were included., Data Extraction and Synthesis: Data were extracted from two pairs of independent reviewers. The weighted average of the percentage variation was calculated between the two periods to assess the change in the number of cancer treatments performed during the pandemic. Stratified analyses were performed by type of treatment, geographic area, time period, study setting, and type of cancer., Results: Among the 47 articles retained, we found an overall reduction of -18.7% (95% CI, -24.1 to -13.3) in the total number of cancer treatments administered during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the previous periods. Surgical treatment had a larger decrease compared to medical treatment (-33.9% versus -12.6%). For all three types of treatments, we identified a U-shaped temporal trend during the entire period January-October 2020. Significant decreases were also identified for different types of cancer, in particular for skin cancer (-34.7% [95% CI, -46.8 to -22.5]) and for all geographic areas, in particular, Asia (-42.1% [95% CI, -49.6 to -34.7])., Conclusions and Relevance: The interruption, delay, and modifications to cancer treatment due to the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to alter the quality of care and patient outcomes.
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- 2022
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200. Erratum: miR-199a-3p increases the anti-tumor activity of palbociclib in liver cancer models.
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Callegari E, Guerriero P, Bassi C, D'Abundo L, Frassoldati A, Simoni E, Astolfi L, Silini EM, Sabbioni S, and Negrini M
- Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.07.015.]., (© 2022 The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2022
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