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Spindle cell lipoma is a rare lipoma, originates from subcutaneous tissue and mostly seen at back region. In this case report we represent a case with inguinal mass misdiagnosed as inguinal hernia and then diagnosed as spindle cell lipoma. There are two cases in literature with spindle cell lipoma originating from spermatic cord. This case is unique as having both pheochromacytoma and inguinal spindle cell lipoma mistaken as inguinal hernia., İğsi hücreli lipom subkutan dokulardan kaynaklanan genellikle sırt ve ensede görülen nadir bir lipom çeşididir. Bu olgu sunumunda sol kasığında fıtıkla karışan kitlesi mevcut olan ve daha sonra bu kitlenin iğsi hücreli lipom olduğu saptanan hastayı sunduk. Literatürde daha önce 2 defa spermatik kord kaynaklı iğsi hücreli lipom bildirilmiştir. Bu olgu sunumu feokromasitomayla birlikte olan ve kasık fıtığıyla karışan literatürdeki ilk iğsi hücreli hücreli lipom olma özelliğine sahiptir

Colonoscopy is the gold standard in diagnosis of colorectal diseases. It is generally a safe procedure with low complication rate. Splenic rupture is a very rare complication of colonoscopy. The case presented here, is a 57 years old male patient with complaint of hematochesia. He had colonoscopy and diagnosed as sigmoid colon tumor. After colonoscopy he had the findings of acute abdomen. At the operation splenic rupture was detected and he had undergone splenectomy with subtotal colectomy for the sigmoidal tumor. Splenic rupture is very rare but fatal complication of colonoscopy. In the management of patients with post-colonoscopy abdominal pain splenic injury should be kept in mind., Kolonoskopi, Kolorektal hastalıkların tanısında, düşük kmlikasyon oranına sahip ve güvenli olmasıyla altın standart yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. Dalak rüptürü kolonoskopinin nadir bir komplikasyonu olarak bildirilmektedir. Burada sunulan hasta, 57 yaşında hematokezya şikayeti olan bir erkek hastadır. Hastaya yapılan kolonoskopide sigmoid kolonda tümöral lezyon tespit edildi. Kolonoskopi sonrası akut batın bulguları gözlenen hasta ameliyata alındı. Ameliyatta, dalak rüptürü tespit edilerek, hastaya subtotal kolektomi ve splenektomi yapıldı. Dalak rüptürü kolonoskopiye bağlı nadir görülen ancak ölümcül bir komplikasyondur. Kolonoskopi sonrası karın ağrısı olan hastalarda dalak rüptürü olabileceği akılda tutulmalıdır

The effects of bridging analogies teaching strategy and gender on Turkish high school students' misconceptions in mechanics were investigated. After a pilot study with 67 students in a nearby high school, the researchers administered the revised Mechanics Misconception Test to 119 high school students as a pretest. Students in the experimental group were instructed by using bridging analogies teaching strategy. At the end of a 3-week treatment period, the same test was administered to all students as a posttest. The data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The statistical results showed that bridging analogies teaching strategy was an effective means of reducing the number of misconceptions students held about normal forces, frictional forces, tension, gravity, inertia, and Newton's third law.

Comparison of early and late results of total and subtotal thyroidectomy for benign thyroid disease Background: Recently, total thyroidectomy (TT) has been performed and suggested in benign thyroid disease. But it was reported that the complications of total thyroidectomy was more than bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy (BST) this is still a topic of debate. Purpose of the present study is comparison of complications of BST and TT operations in treatment of benign thyroid disease. Materials and Methods: Early and late complications of TT and BST operations were retrospectively evaluated, which were performed in General Surgery Clinic of Konya Training and Research Hospital inbetween 2004-2008. Results:The study involved 96 patients in BST group and 110 patients in TT group. Follow-up period was 69.4±8.3 months in BST group, 52.7±5.3 months in TT group.Transient hypocalcemia were detected in 10 patients (9.1%) in BST group and 7 patients (7.3%) in TT group. Transient recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis developed in 12 patients (7.2%); 5 patients (5.2%) in BST group and 7 patients (6.4%) in TT group. Hematoma in 4 patients (4.2%), seroma in 3 patients (3.1%), flap edema in 5 patients (5.2%) occured in BST group. In TT group, there had been; hematoma in 1 patients (1.0%), seroma in 5 patients (4.5%), flap edema in 4 patients (4.5%). Permanent hypocalcemia occured in 2 patients (2.1%) in BST group and 3 patients (2.7%) in TT group. Permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis developed in 1 patient (1.0%) in BST group and 2 patients (1.5%) in TT group. There was no statistically significant difference inbetween the groups about complications and demographic characteristics. Recurrence was seen in 6 patients (6.3%) in BST group. Discussion and Conclusion: TT not increase early and late complications in bengn thyroid diease requiring sugery. BSThas arisk of recurrenceaftersurgeryand thereforemust be carried outagain.Complications in secondary thyroidectomy in patients with prior thyroid surgery are very high.Therefore, if surgery is necessary in benign thyroid diseases should be TT.

This study was designed to identify and analyze possible factors that mediate the effect of gender on ninth-grade Turkish students' misconceptions concerning electric circuits. A Simple Electric Circuit Concept Test (SECCT), including items with both practical and theoretical contexts, and an Interest- Experience Questionnaire about Electricity (IEQ) were administered to 1,678 ninth-grade students (764 male, 914 female) after the completion of a unit on electricity to assess students' misconceptions and interests-experiences about electricity. Results of the concept test indicated that general performances of the students were relatively low and that many students had misconceptions in interpreting electric circuits. When the data were analyzed using MANOVA and follow-up ANOVAs, a gender difference for males was observed on the dependent variable of total scores on the 10 practical items; however, there was no signi- ficant gender difference on the dependent variable of total scores on the six theoretical items. Moreover, when the same data were analyzed using MANCOVA and follow-up ANCOVAs, controlling students' age and interest-experience related to electricity, the observed gender difference was mediated on the total scores on the practical items. 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 41: 603-616, 2004 There is a consensus in the literature noting that differences between sexes initiate at birth and proceed through childhood (Bem, 1981; Eccles, Adler, & Meece, 1984; Linn & Hyde, 1989). Historically, two explanations have been suggested to account for the girls' lower performance in achievement: the biological explanation and the sociological explanation. First, gender imbalance was thought to be the result of different brain structures; however, explanations based on gender- specific socialization had displaced the brain difference model. While much of the earlier debate in the 1970s focused on the roles played by biological and sociological factors (Maccoby & Jacklin, 1973; Sherman, 1978), most of the recent research has been directed towards identifying sociocultural factors that contribute to the observed gender differences. Bem (1981), Eccles et al. (1984), and Linn and Hyde (1989) all proposed that early differences between boys and girls in science become magnified by cultural influences from society and school. Related literature has shown that males outperform females (Erickson & Erickson, 1984; Greenfield, 1997; Johnson

PURPOSE While LigaSure is commonly used for blood vessel closure, our aim was to research the effectiveness of using the latter tool for the purpose of closing intestines in rats. METHODS Twenty Wistar albino rats were divided into two groups per 10 each. In Group 1, the sigmoid colon was cut from its middle and its distal was closed with 4/0 silk. In Group 2, on the other hand, the sigmoid colon was divided from the middle with LigaSure LS1200 probe and its distal was closed with LigaSure. In both groups, the proximal sigmoid colon was entered by means of colostomy with 4/0 silk to the left part of the abdomen. Operation durations, adhesion levels and explosion pressures were recorded. Tissue samples were taken for tissue hydroxyproline level. RESULTS While the average duration of the operation was 25.7 minutes in Group 1, it was 18.8 minutes in Group 2 and the difference between them was significant in favour of LigaSure. (p

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the adults diagnosed and not diagnosed with anxiety disorder in terms of positive psychotherapy formation. Methods: Participants of the study are 100 people diagnosed with anxiety disorder, and another 100 people who do not have any mental disorder. Positive Psychotherapy and Family Therapy Inventory, and Beck Anxiety Inventory were used to collect data. T-test and multivariate regression analysis were conducted for data analysis. Results: Regarding primary aptitudes, there are significant differences in terms of patience, relationship, love, and faith aptitudes. In study, a significant difference was found in terms of orderliness, cleanliness, kindness, honesty, obedience, justice and loyalty among the secondary and non-diagnosed groups. Diagnosed individuals have been found to use order, cleanliness, reliability, obedience, justice and loyalty more than non-diagnosed individuals. It is seen that individuals who have anxiety disorder are more patient than relatives without diagnosis are and use relational, love and faith ability more. It has been found that for the individuals diag-nosed with anxiety disorder, all of primary aptitudes explains 32% of the total variance and all of secondary aptitudes explains approximately 30% of the total variance. It has been found that for non-diagnosed individuals all of primary aptitudes explains approximately 15% of the total variance and all of secondary aptitudes explains approximately 13% of the total variance. Discussion: Conducting similar studies in the future on individuals who are at different developmental periods, such as adolescence and old age, may be useful. In addition, various intervention programs can be performed using the perspective of positive psychotherapy for anxiety disorder treatment.

Hydatid cyst of liver is a disease usually seen in endemic regions. While it is very small at the beginning, cyst diameter increases approximately 1-3 cm per year. Among known complications of hydatid disease, pressure to the adjacent organs due to the cyst growth, perforation into peritoneal cavity or bile truct are most noteable. However, its fistulization into gastrointestinal tract is very rare. A 80-year-old male patient presented with the complaints of abdominal pain, fever and deterioration in general physical condition. It was determined that the patient was diagnosed with hydatid cyst of liver about 15 years ago but refused treatment. Imaging revealed a 20x15 cm multiseptal cystic lesion filled with air in the right lobe of liver. Patient was admitted to OR and exploration revealed that cyst had fistulized into the duodenum. The fistulization of liver hydatid cyst into the duodenum is very rare. We believe that the size of cyst and the delay in treatment caused the cystoduodenal fistula.

Aim: The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of endoscopy training during residency on endoscopic diagnosis. Material and Method: the patients files who had undergone endoscopy between 2009 and 2011 in surgical endoscopy unit, retrospectively evaluated. Endoscopists were divided into 2 groups as endoscopy training during residency (group 1) or than after (group 2). Histopathological evaluation was accepted as the method to confirm the diagnosis. Endoscopic and pathological diagnoses were compared and the consistencies of the Endoscopists were calculated. Results: There were 9055 endoscopic evaluation and 1285 biopsies were taken in 3 years period. The mean age of the patients were 54 (15-94). There were 15 surgeons, 8 in group 1, 7 in group 2. In upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy the consistency rates were 79% in group 1 and 72% in group 2 (p=0,035). In lower gastrointestinal system endoscopy, the consistency rates were 79% in group 1 and 80% in group 2 (p=0,709). Discussion: Endoscopy training during residency has positive impact on identification of upper gastrointestinal system lesions.

This study aims to investigate the relation between participation in religious activities and the subjective well-being of high school students. The study group involves 196 participants, 99 female and 97 male; all of the participants were adolescents attending high school in Eskisehir, Turkey, their ages varying from 14 to 16. The measurement scales used in this study included: Satisfaction with Life, Positive-Negative Affect, and Adolescents' Subjective Well-being Increasing Strategies. The Pearson correlation technique and content analysis method were employed. Though in low levels, quantitative findings show a significant relation between life satisfaction, positive affection, and participation in religious activities. However, no such significant relation could be found for negative affection and participation in religious activities. Qualitative findings show high school students have a better subjective well-being when involved in religious activities, ranging from praying alone to going to mosque on holy days, which helps them discharge religious duties, meets the need for building intimacy with someone, gives them sense of security, instills hope in them, fosters good manners in them, makes them feel rewarded, and helps them cope with stress.Keywords: High school students * Adolescents * Subjective well-being * Participating in religious activitiesIn the modern field of psychology, pathology-based approaches and positive approaches, suggest that cultural factors be taken into account in explaining human behavior (Kaslow, 1996). In consideration of particularly positive psychology, the importance of transferring ethnic, cultural, and religious factors providing positive contributions to the psychological development of high school students. As such, an investigation into the relation between the subjective well-being of high school students and performing their religious duties could make a distinguished contribution to the current literature.Subjective Well-being of High School Students and Strategies towards Increasing their Subjective Well-beingIn recent times, there has been a rise in scientific studies dealing with the subjective well-being of children, particularly the subjective well-being of high school students. As was the case with subjective well-being studies concerning adults, studies involving high school students have been examined based on three vital dimensions: positive affection, negative affection, and satisfaction with life (Diener, 1984; Eryilmaz, 2012).Related studies in the literature have been conducted based upon three significant dimensions, the first of which has looked into the relation between intra-individual features such as personality traits, intelligence, self-esteem, locus of control, and the subjective well-being of high school students (Huebner, 1991; Mcknight, Huebner, & Suldo, 2002). The second one examines the relation between socio-economic features such as age, gender, income, and the subjective well-being of high school students (Huebner, Drane, & Valois, 2000; Huebner, Suldo, Smith, & McKnight, 2004; Jozefiak, Larsson, & Wichstrom, 2009; Karatzias, Chouliara, Power, & Swanson, 2006; McCullough, Huebner, & Laughlin, 2002; Sarakauskiene & Bagdonas, 2010). The third one looks at the relation between variables such as academic contexts, familial relations, and peer relations experienced by high school students and their subjective well-being (Ash & Huebner, 2001; Joronen & Kurki, 2005; Hartup & Stevens, 1997; Park, 2004; Rask, Kurki, & Paavilainen, 2003; Suldo & Huebner, 2004). In addition, high school students' subjective well-being has been considered with respect to subjective well-being increasing strategies (Eryilmaz, 2010, 2012).Tactics used by individuals to raise the level of subjective well-being are known as "strategies adopted for enhancing the subjective well-being;" this was first initiated by Fordyce (1977; 1983). …

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of conceptual assignments and conceptual change discussions on students' achievement and misconceptions about force and motion. The study was conducted with 6 physics teachers and their 18 classes, consisting of 396 high school physics students. The teachers administered the Force Misconception and Force Achievement Tests to their physics classes as a pretest. The results obtained were used to match the 18 classes statistically. Students assigned to the conceptual assignment protocol completed five conceptual assignments about force and motion. Students assigned to the discussion method participated in conceptual change discussions. At the end of the 8-week treatment period, the same tests were administered to all students as a posttest. The data were analyzed by using multivariate analysis of covariance, followed by protected univariate F test and step- down analysis. The statistical results showed that the conceptual change discussion was an effective means of reducing the number of misconceptions students held about force and motion. The conceptual change discussion was also found significantly effective in improving students' achievement in force and motion. 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 39: 1001-1015, 2002 Intuitive beliefs that students develop on their own before taking the first course in physics have a special place among the sources of difficulties students come across in physics. Researchers have used different names for this: Novak (1977) called them preconceptions, Driver & Easley (1978) referred to them as alternative conceptions, Helm (1980) called them misconceptions, Sutton (1980) preferred the term children's scientific intuitions, Gilbert, Watts, & Osborne (1982) called them children's science, Halloun & Hestenes (1985b) called them common sense concepts, and Pines & West (1986) called them spontaneous knowledge. In this article, ''preconceptions'' is used to indicate all beliefs students have before enrolling in their first formal physics course, whereas ''misconceptions'' refers only to those beliefs students have that contradict accepted scientific theories. Students' misconceptions are related to (a) key concepts such as mass, velocity, acceleration, force, etc.; and (b) fundamental principles and models such as Newton's laws, conservation laws, and others.

To clarify the role of medical treatment in the management of acute appendicitis and the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) for predicting its failure. Patients with clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis, confirmed by imaging studies, were enrolled in this study. We measured leukocyte counts and CRP levels and recorded success and recurrence rates and the efficiency of medical treatment during follow-up. The efficiency of CRP values to predict failure of medical treatment was evaluated using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis. The subjects comprised 193 patients (mean age 30.9 years) who received medical treatment for acute appendicitis. The mean follow-up period was 12.3 (6–24) months and the early success rate of medical treatment was 86.5 % (160/185). Fifteen (9.3 %) patients suffered recurrence during follow-up. The leukocyte and CRP levels in these two groups of patients were not significantly different at the beginning of the treatment, but the increase in the CRP value differed significantly between the two groups during the follow-up period (p

Objective: Hydatic cyst is a parasitic disease caused by the larvae of Echinococcus granulosus. In the study, the aim is to evaluate the relation between serology and grow-up time in atypically localized cysts. Methods: Retrospectively, all the patients with hydatic disease between December 2004 and May 2012 were screened from the hospital database. Hydatic cyst localization other than the liver and lungs were accepted as atypical localization. Results: There were 325 patients with a diagnosis of hydatic disease. Most common localizations of the cysts were the liver (72.8%) and lungs (21%). Atypically localized cyst rate was 6.4% (n: 21). The most common atypical localization was the spleen (2.4%). 80.9% of atypically localized cysts were primary cases. In 3 cases with primary intramuscular hydatic cyst and 2 cases with primary subcutaneous hydatic cysts, serology was negative. Conclusion: The relation between the hydatid cyst and the host is the main factor in serological tests and grow-up time. In tissues with a weaker cellular immunity like muscle and subcutaneous tissue, serology tends to be negative and grow-up time to be faster. In atypically localized cysts,hematogenous dissemination cannot explain the pathogenesis fully. Therefore, lymphatic dissemination should be kept in mind. (Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2013; 37: 257-61)

Aim: The interaction of mastalgia with the severity of depression and quality of life is examined. Material and Method: This study was performed on 105 women screened for breast cancer having no organic pathology causing mastalgia. The severity of pain, depression, and quality of life were evaluated through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36). Results: The mean VAS and BDI scores were 5 (1-10) and 17 (2-41), respectively. Of the patients, 49% (n=51) were referred to psychiatry polyclinics. Accordingly, 58% were depressive, 30% were anxious and 4% were depressive and anxious. The patients obtained the highest scores from physical and social functioning domains of SF-36. A moderate negative association was detected between age and physical function (PF) (r=-0.235, p=0.01), while there was a mild positive association between age and vitality energy (r=0.198, p=0.04). There was a mild negative association between BDI and PF (r=-0.146), while there were good positive associations between BDI and mental health and mental component summary scores (r=-0.563, r=-0.559). Moderate negative associations were detected between VAS and eight domains and 2 summary scores of SF-36. Discussion: Mastalgia negatively effected the life quality of women, psychological factors should be considered. &nbsp

This paper is the first part of a multiphase study examining students' mental models about the quantization of physical observables - light, energy, and angular momentum. Thirty-one second-year physics and physics education college students who were taking a modern physics course participated in the study. The qualitative analysis of data revealed six variations in students' mental models about the quantization of physical observables: scientific model, primitive scientific model, shredding model, alternating model, integrative model, and evolution model. These models were determined to be context dependent. In addition, some students are in a mixed-model state where they use multiple mental models in explaining a phenomenon and use these models inconsistently. © Published by the American Physical Society.

Spindle cell lipoma is a rare lipoma, originates from subcutaneous tissue and mostly seen at back region. In this case report we represent a case with inguinal mass misdiagnosed as inguinal hernia and then diagnosed as spindle cell lipoma. There are two cases in literature with spindle cell lipoma originating from spermatic cord. This case is unique as having both pheochromacytoma and inguinal spindle cell lipoma mistaken as inguinal hernia.

Background Experimental research into the viability and functionality of splenic tissue placed in the liver and the omentum. Methods There were 4 groups in this study. First group: sham laparotomy, 2nd group: splenectomy, 3rd group: splenectomy and splenic autotransplantation into the greater omentum and 4th group: splenectomy and splenic autotransplantation into the liver. Blood levels of haemoglobin, leukocytes, thrombocytes, immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM) and complement protein 3 (C3) were studied 1 day before and 6 weeks after the procedure. At the end of 6 weeks, scintigraphy was performed. Splenic tissue in the liver and the omentum were subjected to macroscopic and histopathologically. Results Pre- and postoperatively, no significant differences were found in terms of haematological and immunological measurements of groups I, III and IV. An increase in the numbers of thrombocytes and leukocytes and a decrease in the levels of IgG, IgM and C3 were observed in the postoperatively in group II.When the postoperative hematological and immunological values of the second group are compared to those of groups III and IV, the difference was significant in terms of levels of thrombocyte, leukocyte and IgM; insignificant in terms of levels of IgG and C3. In the microscopic and scintigraphic analyses the spleen tissue was found to be viable in all of the six rabbits in groups III and IV. Conclusions The liver is a suitable organ for splenic autotransplantation (Tab. 6, Fig. 2, Ref. 17).

Subcutaneous localization of an hydatid cyst is quite rare, and is found in literature in the form of case presentations. Other points worthy of attention are the lack of other foci in the majority of these cases, and the negative results of serology. In this study, two primary subcutaneous hydatid cyst cases, one in the facial area (53-year old female) and the other on the back (37-year old female), have been examined with reference to literature. In both cases, no other foci were determined, and the hydatid cyst serology was negative. When these two cases and the cases in literature are studied, it can be said that the hydatid cyst grows faster than previously known. It is noteworthy that, generally, in atypically localized cyst hydatids, there are no other foci (liver and lungs) and the serology is negative. This shows that the etiopathogenesis of the disease is not fully understood as yet. (Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2013; 37: 219-21)

Background: More than 85% of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) cases are due to solitary, benign parathyroid adenomas. Recently, the success rate of Tc99m sestamibi scintigraphy in localization has made minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) more prominent. MIP is as effective as conventional bilateral neck exploration. Moreover, it offers lower morbidity, cost effectiveness, and better cosmetics effects. Aim: We aimed to evaluate the success of MIP, which happens only under local anesthesia, in this study. Materials and Methods: Total of 63 patients were operated for PHPT, of which 54 had solitary adenoma. Five patients underwent bilateral neck exploration under general anesthesia for thyroid nodules or unlocalizated adenomas. A total of 49 patients underwent MIP under local anesthesia without any sedation. During MIP, gamma probe was used for all patients. The patients were followed for parathyroid functions. Results: The mean age of 49 patients with MIP (5 male, 44 female) was 59 years. The mean follow-up time was 16.4 (±10.1) months (range: 2-36 months). Of the 49 patients, 47 (96%) were totally cured. In 2 patients, the procedure was switched to conventional bilateral neck exploration. Temporary hypocalcaemia was noted in 4 patients. Conclusions: If the adenoma is localizated, MIP under only local anesthesia can be performed with a high success rate. Gamma probe-guided MIP under local anesthesia is an effective and safe method. It has the advantage of being minimally invasive and, therefore, it should be preferred over the conventional method.

Objective: Happiness is one of the substantial issues in psychology. The aim of this study was to develop the scale of happiness increasing strategies for adults. Method: The study group consisted of 438 adults (215 female and 223 male), aged 24 to 60. In the analysis of the data, reliability analysis, and confirmatory and explanatory factor analysis methods were employed. The Oxford Happiness Scale was used in order to perform the validity analysis. Results: According to results of the study, the scale composed of 28 items and six dimensions with the level of 61.93% explained variance. The dimensions of the scale were named as taking a rest, mental control, exhibiting happiness oriented behaviors, participating in religious activity, reacting positively to the environment and satisfaction of desires. Conclusions: As the findings of the study revealed, the Scale of Happiness Increasing Strategies was valid and reliable, and also it might be used for adults. Thus, the findings of this study might enlighten the way of other researchers and the scale might be used in future studies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between career adaptability with multidimensional perfectionism personality traits and trait anxiety. Method: Cross-sectional and quantitative research methods were used in this study. A total of 183 undergraduate students, 106 female and 77 male, participated in the study. These participants were identified by convenient sampling method. Data were collected using the Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale, Career Adaptability Scale, and Trait Anxiety Inventory. In the statistical analysis of the data, student t-test and multiple regression analysis techniques were used. Results: A Significant relationships between career plan and self-directed perfectionism and trait anxiety [R=0.26, R2=0.7, F=3.38; p

WOS: 000330369900005, Problem Statement: The most important part of identity exploration for emerging adults is love. Establishing healthy intimate relationships support the process of identity exploration. In addition to the positive and negative factors that affect romantic relationships, the concept of quality is also very important in these romantic relationships. According to studies carried out, when the quality of a relationship is positive, their subjective well-beings are also positive. Identity exploration, and also leading a happy life, is also important for emerging adults, which may be supported by means of having a quality of romantic relationship and needs satisfied by it. Purpose of the Study: The objective of this study is to investigate the mediator role of need satisfaction between romantic relationship quality and subjective well-being of emerging adults. To this end, three hypotheses have been developed: a) There is a positive relationship between satisfaction of needs and subjective well-being in emerging adults. b) There is a positive relationship between romantic relationship quality and subjective well-being in emerging adults. c) Need satisfaction plays a statistically significant mediator role in the relationship between subjective well-being and romantic relationships qualities of in emerging adults. Method: The dependent variable of the study is subjective well-being and the independent variables are needed satisfaction and quality of romantic relationships. A structural equation model has been used in order to test the developed model. A total of 235 emerging adults (107 females and 128 males) participated in the study. The data was collected via the Quality of Relationship Scale, Need Satisfaction in General Scale, Positive and Negative Affects Scale, and Satisfaction with Life Scale. A structural equation model has been used to analyze the data. Findings and Results: The results of the analysis indicate that in the model romantic relationship quality and satisfaction of needs and the total effect of the variables were directly and indirectly related to the subjective wellbeing of emerging adults. The direct and indirect effect of the quality of romantic relationship and satisfaction of needs variables to the subjective well-being of emerging adults was found to be significant. Fitness coefficients related to the developed model were within the acceptable limits. The value of NFI was .92, NNFI.94, IFI.96, CFI.96, GFI.96, RMSEA.065, AGFI.92, and (chi 2/df) 1.97. Conclusions and Recommendations: As a result, romantic relationship quality is an important variable in terms of subjective well-being. In addition to romantic relationship quality, satisfying one's needs also increases the subjective well-being levels of emerging adults. Hence, while emerging adults are helped by romantic relationship quality, it is important that the satisfaction of needs also be kept in mind.

Background This study was designed in order to compare the effectiveness of subtotal-total colectomy with other surgical methods in the treatment of malignant obstructive lesions of the left colon. Methods Patients admitting with symptoms of colonic obstruction and treated by emergency surgery in Konya Education and Research Hospital between 2004 and 2007 were enrolled. Patients were divided into three groups according to the surgical procedures (Group I: Hartmann procedure; Group II: resection + diverting ileostomy; Group III: total-subtotal colectomy). Related patient data were evaluated retrospectively. Results The mean age of 62 patients was 64 (38-89) years. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to gender, age, American Society of Anesthesiology scores, and tumor stages. There were no significant differences between the study groups in terms of operative duration, postoperative mortality, and five-year survival; however, the length of hospital stay and hospitalization costs were lower in Group III compared to the other groups. Conclusion We suggest that subtotal-total colectomy performed by experienced surgeons may be a good alternative to the other procedures.

How do adolescents increase their subjective well-being by means of establishing relationships with their parents? Purpose: In this study, investigation of how adolescents increase their subjective well-being by means of establishing relationships with their parents is aimed. Method: This study had two study groups, namely, the primary and main groups. The primary participants of the study included a total of 360 adolescents (202 male and 158 female), aged between 14 and 17. The main study group included a total of 90 adolescents (45 male and 45 female). The study data were obtained by using the Adolescents’ Subjective Well-Being Scale and open ended questions. The data were analyzed by using the content analysis method with respect to sentences. Results: Study findings indicated that parents increase adolescents’ subjective well-being levels by means of participating in activities together, caring for them, supporting their perceived control and autonomy, showing them permissive and democratic parent attitudes, governing family together, having positive communication, and also establishing family unity. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings of the study suggest that there are nine parent oriented factors for increasing adolescents’ subjective well-being. Results of this study may be used for improving subjective

Bu araştırmanın amacı, akademisyenlerde işle ilgili temel ihtiyaç doyumu ve öznel iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkileri incelemektir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını Türkiye’nin farklı üniversitelerinden 215 (95 kadın/120 Erkek) akademisyen oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama araçları olarak İşle İlgili İhtiyaç Doyumu Ölçeği, Olumlu-Olumsuz Duygu Ölçeği ve Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde çoklu regresyon analizi ve Pearson Moment Çarpımlar Korelasyonu yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda işle ilgili temel ihtiyaç doyumunun alt boyutlarını oluşturan özerklik, yeterlik ve ilişki ihtiyacının öznel iyi oluşu anlamlı düzeyde açıkladığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır (R2=0.48, F=65.44, p, The aim of this research is to examine the relationship between work related need satisfaction and subjective well-being of academics in the workplace. The participants of this study are 215 (95 female/120 male) academics from various Turkish universities. The data collection tools used in the study are Work Related Need Satisfaction Scale, The Satisfaction with Life Scale and Positive-Negative Affect Scale. In accordance with the aim of the study, Pearson moments product correlation and multiple regression analysis were used. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, it has been determined that Work-Related Basic Need Satisfaction sub-dimensions explain subjective well-being at a statistically significant level (R2=0.48, F=65.44, p

Pilonidal disease is an inflammatory disease seen in the intergluteal region. In this study, our aim was to compare the efficacy of the Limberg flap versus a tension-free primary closure.A total of 93 patients were included in this study. The patients were assigned consecutively by the closed-envelope technique to one of two groups: 49 patients in group 1 (excision and Limberg flap) and 44 patients in group 2 (tension-free primary closure). Excision and reconstruction with the Limberg flap was performed in its classic form. For tension-free primary closure after excision of the sinus tract with an elliptical incision, the skin and subcutaneous tissue were released 2-3 cm away from the incision line. The subcutaneous tissue was closed twofold with 2/0 polyglactin sutures. The skin underwent 3/0 polypropylene mattress suturing.The median age was 25 years (17-43 years). The median follow-up period was 29.5 months (8-43 months). There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, sex, follow-up time, or anesthesia method. One patient in each group experienced wound infection. During the first 6 months of follow-up there was no recurrence. However, at later visits recurrences were seen in two patients in each group (4.1% in group 1, 4.5% in group 2).The lower rates of wound infection and recurrence associated with the Limberg flap reported elsewhere may be associated with healing of the tension-free procedure. In this study, tension-free primary closure was found to be as effective as the Limberg flap reconstruction.

To compare the healing properties of lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) and isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) ointment for chronic anal fissure. Patients with a chronic anal fissure were randomly assigned to a group treated with ISDN ointment (n = 105) or a group treated with LIS (n = 102). The same investigators examined the patients in a blinded manner, 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months after the treatments. The anal fissure had healed completely by 4 weeks in 64.7 versus 92.2 %, and by 6 months in 77.1 versus 97.1 % of the ISDN and LIS group patients, respectively. At 12 months, the recurrence rates were 4.8 versus 1 % for the ISDN and LIS groups, respectively, and the success rates of the treatments were 72.4 versus 96.1 %, respectively. Six patients in the LIS group experienced minor fecal incontinence, and seven (6.7 %) patients in the ISDN group experienced headaches that responded well to paracetamol. ISDN ointment was reported by all patients to be easy to use. Although its success rate was lower than that of surgery, ISDN can be offered to selected patients with a chronic anal fissure, as it has a low recurrence rate and rare side effects are rare.

Amaç: Öznel iyi oluş diğer gelişim dönemlerindeki bireyler için önemli olduğu gibi, yaşlılık dönemindeki bireyler için de önemlidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yaşlılıkta kişilik özellikleri, yalnızlık ve algılanan kontrolle sınırlandırılmış bir öznel iyi oluş modeli geliştirmek ve bu modelin geçerliliğini sınamaktır. Yöntemler: Araştırmaya 108 kadın (%49.5) ve 110 erkek (%50.5) olmak üzere ailesinin yanında yaşayan toplam 218 yaşlı birey (Ort. yaş: 67.60; Ss: 6.43) katılmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında, Sıfatlara Dayalı Kişilik Testi, Alan Genel Algılanan Kontrol Ölçeği, UCLA Yalnızlık Ölçeği, Yaşam Doyumu Ölçeği ve Pozitif-Negatif Duygu Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler ve gözlenen değişkenlerle yol (path) analizi yöntemi kullanılmış ve en az .05 anlamlılık düzeyi benimsenmiştir. Bulgular: Model analizi sonuçlarına göre, öznel iyi oluş ile bağımsız değişkenler arasındaki ilişkilerde, standartlaştırılmış katsayılar .10 ile .38 arasında değişmektedir (p

The physics questions submitted to an ‘ask a scientist’ website were classified with respect to field of interest in physics, type of requested information in the question (factual, explanatory, etc.), and motivation for asking the question (applicative or non--applicative). In addition, differences in the number of females’ and males’ questions in these classifications were determined. Analysis of 995 physics questions submitted to the website indicated that modern physics questions (30.7%) were the most frequent while vibrations and wave motion questions (3.3%) were the least frequent. More than half of the questions (57.8%) were submitted to request factual information. Motivation to ask a question was inferred from the question, and was generally not related to direct and/or personal application. There were obvious differences in the number of questions asked by females and males: 84.7% of questions were asked by males while 15.3% were asked by females. However, significant gender differences were not observed in field of interest in physics, type of information requested in the question, and motivation for asking the question.

When quantum theory caused a paradigm shift in physics, it introduced difficulties in both learning and teaching of physics. Because of its abstract, counter-intuitive and mathematical structure, students have difficulty in learning this theory, and instructors have difficulty in teaching the concepts of the theory. This case study investigates students' comprehension of some fundamental concepts which are based on quantum mechanical postulates. The data of the study were collected by forty minute semistructured interviews with two pre-service physics teachers conducted separately. In this study, qualitative analysis of pre-service physics teachers' dynamics of understanding showed that (1) students have insufficient conceptions that influence their descriptions and discriminations, (2) students' comprehension is indefinite, that means, they contain correct and wrong ideas simultaneously, influencing the students' use of different concepts interchangeably and making explanations and discriminations by intuitive reasoning, and (3) some of the conceptions of students are totally unscientific. In addition, students' comprehension lets only one way translation from mathematical to verbal. © 2010 by EURASIA.

The study aims to analyze the factors affecting performance of tutors during problem-based learning (PBL) implementations. This study employs a case study design in order to identify and analyze PBL implementations providing detailed and rich descriptions through the perceptions of tutors and students. To this end, four tutors and fourteen students were selected for the case study. The data utilized in this study were collected by means of observations and interviews. The findings of this study indicated that tutors' level of adaptation of the PBL and their content expertise were commonly mentioned as factors affecting their performance during PBL implementations. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Objective: There have been many personality traits, which are related with physical and mental health of individuals. One of these traits is perfectionism. The aim of this study is to investigate relationships between goal striving and multi-dimensional perfectionism. Method: This study has been carried out as a cross-sectional and quantitative method. In this study, 116 female and 110 male university students were included. The data were collected with Multi-dimensional Perfectionism Scale and Goal Striving Scale. Multiple regression analysis method was used to analysis of data. Results: According to results, self-oriented perfectionism was found related with commitment of goals and persistence in goal striving (R2=0.20; F=18.21; p

Background: Anxiety is a common preprocedural problem and during processing especially in interventional medical processes. Aim: Aim of this study was to assess the level of anxiety in patients who will undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and coloscopy. Methods: Five hundred patients scheduled to undergo sedation for elective upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy were studied. Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) was administered to each patient before brought to the endoscopy room. Demographic data of patients were collected. Results: BAI scores and anxiety levels were significantly lower in; males compared to females, patients with no comorbidity compared to patients with comorbidity (both P values < 0.001). BAI scores were significantly lower in patients educational status university and upper compared to patients educational status primary-high school (p=0.026). There were no significant difference between BAI and anxiety levels compared to procedures (Respectively, P=0.144 P=0.054). There were no significant difference between BAI scores and anxiety levels compared to age groups (Respectively, P=0.301 P=0.214). Conclusions: We think that level of anxiety in patients who will undergo upper gastrointestinal endoscopy and colonoscopy was effected by presence of comorbidities and gender but was not effected by features such as age, procedure type and educational status.

Mental models are coherently organized knowledge structures used to explain phenomena. They interact with social environments and evolve with the interaction. Lacking daily experience with phenomena, the social interaction gains much more importance. In this part of our multiphase study, we investigate how instructional interactions influenced students' mental models about the quantization of physical observables. Class observations and interviews were analysed by studying students' mental models constructed in a modern physics course during an academic semester. The research revealed that students' mental models were influenced by (1) the manner of teaching, including instructional methodologies and content specific techniques used by the instructor, (2) order of the topics and familiarity with concepts, and (3) peers. © 2016 IOP Publishing Ltd.

This study examines the relationship of emerging adults’ in initiating and maintaining romantic intimacy with sub-dimensions and explores the extent that self-esteem in emerging adults could explain the initiation and maintenance of a romantic relationship. The participants included 136 male and 106 female totaling 242 university students. In order to collect data, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Markers of Starting Romantic Intimacy Scale and Quality of Relationship Inventory were used. According to the results, emerging adults perceived both having markers of starting romantic intimacy and the positive quality of relationship as significant sources for their self-esteem. The results of the present study emphasize the significance of self-esteem for starting and maintaining romantic intimacy.

The aim of this study is evaluate the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) and its complications in order to provide enteral nutrition support for a long time period.PEG tube was applied to 15 patients aged between 18-95 years, who could not feed orally prophylactic antibiotic didn't use to any patient. After 8 hours hungry PEG was applied by using pull technique and the results were evaluated prospectively.PEG was successfully done in 14 patients. Gastric juice drainage at the sides of the tube were seen in two patients, and PEG was pulled out in one of them.PEG is the route of choice for a long lived enteral nutrition, because, it can be applied without general anesthesia, easy to apply, patients can start feeding in a short time period, need shorter hospital stay, can be changed easily, cost effective and has a low rate of mortality and morbidity.

GIRIS Primer hiperparatiroidi (pHPT) tanisi serum kalsiyum yuksekligi ile beraber uygunsuz parathormon (PTH) yuksekligi ile konur. pHPT olgulari semptomatik ve asemptomatik olabilir. Semptomatik pHPT’nin ve medikal tedaviye cevap vermeyen sekonder hiperparatiroidizmin tedavisi cerrahidir. Asemptomatik pHPT’nin ameliyat endikasyonlari 2002 Konsensus Toplantisi’nda yeniden duzenlenmistir (1).

GIRIS Pilonidal sinus, gobek basta olmak uzere degisik yerlesimlerde gorulmekle birlikte en sik yerlesim yeri sakrokoksigiyal bolgedir. Daha cok 15–30 yas arasindaki aktif genclerde ve erkeklerde gorulur. Hastaligin etyopatogenezi ve tedavisi en cok tartisilan konulardir. Gunumuzde pilonidal sinusun edinsel hastalik oldugu genel kabul gormektedir. Akdeniz ulkelerinde yuksek siklik gosterir (2). Turk askerleri arasinda %8,8 oraninda pilonidal sinus bulunmustur (3). Insan sagligi ve ulkemizde cok uzerinde durulmayan ekonomik yuk ve isgucu kaybi bakimindan %8,8 onemli bir orandir.

Different diagnostic tools have been developed and used by researchers to identify students' conceptions. The present study aimed to provide an overview of the common diagnostic instruments in science to assess students' misconceptions. Also the study provides a brief comparison of these common diagnostic instruments with their strengths and weaknesses. A total of 273 articles published (from the year 1980 to 2014) in main journals were investigated thoroughly through document analysis method. The study reveals interviews (53%), open-ended tests (34%), multiple-choice tests (32%) and multiple tier tests (13%) as the most commonly used diagnostic tools. However, each tool has some advantages as well as disadvantages over the others that should be kept in mind in their usages. A careful user of a diagnostic instrument such as a classroom teacher or a researcher would be aware of the diagnostic instruments and selects the most effective one for his/her purposes.

PURPOSE This experimental study aimed at comparing the cyanoacrylate abdomen closure to the effectiveness of triclosan coated polidioxanone abdomen closure. METHODS The abdomen layers were closed with 3/0 polidioxanone suture in the first group. In the second group, the layers were closed with triclosan coated polidioxanone suture in a single layer. The abdomen layers of rats in the third group were attached with cyanoacrylates without sutures. The rats were sacrificed on the 14th day and the adhesive level was recorded. The incision resistance strength was measured. The tissue was examined blindly in the terms of inflammatory cell infiltration, capillary proliferation, fibrosis and micro-abscess by the pathologist. RESULTS No significant difference was determined between the 1st and 2nd groups in the terms of inflammatory cell infiltration, capillary proliferation, collagen deposition, fibroblast activity, adhesive and tissue distension strength. The fibrosis and adhesive rate of the 3rd group was significantly higher than the 1st and 2nd groups statistically. The tissue distension strength was lower than in the other groups and the differences between the groups were found to be significant (p < 0.05). No significant difference was determined between the groups in the term of micro-abscess. CONCLUSIONS Antibacterial suture is not superior to the conventional suture. It is concluded that cyanoacrylate is not an appropriate molecule for abdomen closure (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 17).